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Driven by the fierce competition in the airline industry, carriers strive to increase their customer satisfaction by understanding their expectations and tailoring their service offerings. Due to the explosive growth of social media usage, airlines have the opportunity to capitalize on the abundantly available online customer reviews (OCR) to extract key insights about their services and competitors. However, the analysis of such unstructured textual data is complex and time-consuming. This research aims to automatically and efficiently extract airline-specific intelligence (i.e., passenger-perceived strengths and weaknesses) from OCR. Topic modeling algorithms are employed to discover the prominent service quality aspects discussed in the OCR. Likewise, sentiment analysis methods and collocation analysis are used to classify review sentence sentiment and ascertain the major reasons for passenger satisfaction/dissatisfaction, respectively. Subsequently, an ensemble-assisted topic model (EA-TM) and sentiment analyzer (E-SA) is proposed to classify each review sentence to the most representative aspect and sentiment. A case study involving 398,571 airline review sentences of a US-based target carrier and four of its competitors is used to validate the proposed framework. The proposed EA-TM and E-SA achieved 17–23% and 9–20% higher classification accuracy over individual benchmark models, respectively. The results reveal 11 different aspects of airline service quality from the OCR, airline-specific sentiment summary towards each aspect, and root causes for passenger satisfaction/dissatisfaction for each identified topic. Finally, several theoretical and managerial implications for improving airline services are derived based on the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The development of airlines owned or managed by private parties today shows a fairly high development so that the level of competition to get customers is increasingly difficult. One of the strategies carried out by airline management is to provide optimal service, it is expected that those who provide flight services will meet the expectations of their customers, able to win the competition which ultimately gets maximum profit. Purpose: This study is intended to determine the results of service quality on the satisfaction of Airline clients in Tanzania, especially Precision Air Limited customers Method: The explanatory study designed the data collected using interview method of 4oo customers of Precision Air Limited, non-probability sampling procedure was used to select a sample of respondents from the target population, multiple regression analysis to answer the research objectives. Key information in the study was collected through questionnaires, interviews, and observations. Pearson correlation was carried out to assess the strength and direction of linear relationships between variables, multiple regression models at a significance level of 5% were used to determine the relationship between dimensions of service quality and customer satisfaction Results: The results in this study show that the findings spread that the five spheres of facility excellence are positively related to customer satisfaction. Relying on multiple regression results, it was found that the significance value of each independent variable was tangible 0.674, reliability 0.001, assurance 0.449, and empathy 0.000 Conclusion: It can be concluded that service quality is seen from three dimensions: dependability, receptiveness, understanding have a positive and significant effect on client satisfaction. Two dimensions: tangibility and guarantee as part of it have a positive effect but do not have a significant effect on customer satisfaction of Precision Air Limited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of analyzing advertising discourse is to understand the methods of shaping the intended message to the recipient in order to influence and persuade. It also aims to uncover the mechanisms of persuasion as a distinctive speech process that combines both verbal and visual systems in its endeavor to influence and convince the recipient. It utilizes implicit and explicit persuasive techniques to attract and entice the audience to acquire the product through various advertising media and scenes. This can be applied to the promotional advertisement video for the new visual brand identity of Saudi Arabian Airlines, "Our New Logo," from a semiotic perspective. The analysis concluded that Saudi Airlines employed two dimensions in their verbal discourse: the congruent dimension and the suggestive dimension. The congruent discourse was evident, indicating a comprehensive development of Saudi Airlines' brand identity by offering services to travelers with a new approach. On the other hand, the suggestive discourse began with a headline that successfully captured attention by incorporating elements of attraction, attention, excitement, and intrigue, while posing questions to engage the recipient in watching the advertisement. The text itself fulfilled its suggestive function through the use of metaphors and deception, creating a collective socialist image in the recipient's mind by shaping it according to their imagination. The visual discourse contributed to reinforcing this collective socialist image in the recipient's mind through visual images and colors that served a non-verbal function, relying on their cultural reference and local identity to direct them towards the intended message. The analysis reveals that Saudi Airlines relied more on emotional appeals rather than rational appeals in their advertising discourse to promote their new visual brand identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the legal cases filed with the Utah Supreme Court as of January 2024 and the court's accomplishments and actions taken. Other topics include the changes in the court's proceedings and the questions of state law it is addressing, the changes in the composition of the court, and the legal topics like taxation of airline property and the effects of the COVID-9 pandemic on property taxes.

Policies to reduce air travel demand, including in the tourism sector, are urgently required as air travel's climate impact keeps growing while low-carbon aviation remains a distant perspective. Policy options include flat rate taxes per flight, taxes on flight miles or emissions, or frequent flyer levies, yet little is known about how their distributional impacts compare. This paper examines the distributional effects of various air travel tax options for the UK, informed by an analysis of the distribution of (frequent) flights and associated emissions over income and other social characteristics. We find that 'frequent flights' are even more unequally distributed than all flights and that all taxes on air travel are distributionally neutral or progressive. The most progressive option is a 'frequent air miles tax' based on both the number of flights and emissions. At the same time, some social groups like recent migrants are relatively likely to be 'frequent flyers' even on lower incomes. Overall however, our results show that taxing air travel is far less regressive than taxing home energy or motor fuels. Taxes on air travel, while often portrayed as unfair in public discourses, therefore raise fewer fairness concerns than other types of carbon taxes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Airlines' frequent flyer programs operate more like a monetary system, with points as a form of currency, than a typical discount or rewards plan. In fact, airlines' power over points is even more extensive than that of a central bank over currency--beyond simply determining how many points are in circulation, airlines also control the value of points at redemption, how many points consumers can accumulate, and when points expire. This financialized form of frequent flyer programs has proven to be lucrative. For the Big Four airlines, frequent flyer programs are worth markedly more than the business of providing air travel itself. Much of this profit stems from selling points to third parties, like banks, which use the promise of points to incentivize consumers' credit card spending. The very structure of frequent flyer programs presents a problem for consumer protection. The value of these programs relies on consumers' belief in the value of points. At the same time, the value of these programs also depends on preventing consumers from efficiently redeeming their outstanding points, which would present an unsustainable cost for the airlines. In other words, the value of these programs stems from ensuring consumers believe that points are highly valuable, while limiting the points' actual value. This market structure relies on keeping consumers in the dark. Because the structure of frequent flyer programs depends on consumer deception, regulatory action is necessary. To that end, this Note analyzes the sometimes-overlapping regulatory mandates of the Federal Trade Commission, Department of Transportation, and Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. It then proposes that the agencies act to provide much-needed transparency in the market for frequent flyer points. These proposals aim to prevent the airline industry from subsidizing the provision of air travel with profit driven by consumer mistake and misrepresentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With technological advances, humans are constantly generating data through various electronic devices and sensors, and this data is stored in digital environments. A vast amount of data has served as a valuable asset that has facilitated the rise and progression of novel fields, including data science, artificial intelligence (AI), deep learning (DL), and the internet of things (IoT). Effectively managing and analyzing data provides a competitive advantage for modern businesses. The objective of this study is to forecast the stock price of Turkish Airlines (THY), a publicly traded corporation listed on Borsa Istanbul. In order to achieve the intended objective, the utilization of machine learning approaches like SVM and XGBoost, as well as the deep learning algorithm Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), are used. The models are trained over a time period including daily data from January 4, 2010 to September 5, 2023. The forecast performance of the models is evaluated by comparing the actual and predicted stock prices and the model with the lowest error is identified. The proposed models' performances are assessed using the RMSE, MSE, MAE, and R2 error statistics. According to the results obtained, it is determined that the LSTM model has lower error coefficients than SVM and XGBoost models and gives the best performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the airline industry pilot base has experienced significant turnover. As a result, there has been a corresponding need for qualified pilots to fill open pilot positions, therefore an increased need to train and certificate those pilots. A main source for training larger numbers of pilots has been FAA part 141 pilot schools. Most of the part 141 pilot schools train student pilots to proficiency and send those students to a FAA Designated Pilot Examiner for the check ride. A much lower number of part 141 pilot schools are approved for Examining Authority, which allows the school itself to conduct rating and certificate check rides in house. The process for a school to receive FAA approval is outlined in FAR 141.63 and 8900.1, and in some ways, appears to be open for interpretation. The purpose of this study was to examine the perceptions of process requirements associated with FAA Examining Authority approval. The study also aimed to investigate the different Examining Authority approval requirements as set forth by individual Flight Standards District Offices. In addition, the researchers sought to discover whether pilot schools who perceived Examining Authority approval to be too difficult to pursue, would reconsider if those requirements were easier to obtain. A survey was conducted with part 141 pilot schools to gain an understanding of school perceptions of the process, and to examine whether individual FSDOs follow the same process and expect the same requirements. Survey findings showed that there were significant differences in Examining Authority approval requirements between different FSDO offices. Additionally, several pilot schools stated that they would consider, or reconsider application for Examining Authority if the FAA relaxed some approval requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Open sky policies have been implemented for decades, giving birth to many airline newcomers from diverse backgrounds lifting off into liberalized skies. EasyJet, Ryanair, Wizz Air, and Southwest Airlines are examples of independent budget airlines, branding the outcome of aviation liberalization and contributing to interoute competition through their networks. However, Hong Kong International Airport, which aspires to be a better and greater air hub, is crowded with local carriers, and the airport flight timetables rarely show the presence of non-local budget airlines or competing routes. This Article examines the importance of interoute competition and the role that budget airlines play in it. Upon citing the data and traffic schedule to and from HKIA, this Article looks to the HK-Japan and HK-Australia routes as examples of the lack of interoute competition in HK's internal aviation market. Finally, this Article discusses the reasons leading to such a problem and recommends ways for policymakers to address it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Producao Online is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Engenharia de Producao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study was motivated by the observed growth and increased significance of situation awareness (SA) in recent years. Despite its acknowledged importance, a notable gap exists in the literature regarding comprehensive systematic reviews of SA within the aviation sector. This gap spurred a meticulous analysis of 754 articles from the Web of Science (WoS) core database for bibliometric knowledge mapping. The primary aim was to fill this gap and acquire a holistic understanding of SA in aviation. This analysis highlighted the USA as the primary contributor to publications, with NASA leading among the institutions in paper contributions. Human Factors and the International Journal of Aerospace Psychology were the leading journals in this domain. This bibliometric study underscored the key focus on healthcare, aviation, performance, workload, and safety through co-occurrence and co-citation analyses. A chronological examination of keywords revealed a central research trajectory centered on patient and crew safety and the impact of automation on human performance in dynamic flight scenarios. Burst keyword analysis pinpointed leading-edge research in SA within healthcare, model, and system design, and the implications of human factors. This study explored the research landscape of SA in aviation using a bibliometric approach. The outcomes shed light on the present research landscape and expedite scholars' comprehension of advancements in this pivotal field. Finally, we derived a conceptual framework using the main components found in the literature. This framework will help researchers identify the main dimensions of SA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the crisis communication strategies employed by the leading Romanian airlines - TAROM, WIZZ Air, and Blue Air - on social media during the COVID-19 pandemic. Utilizing the Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT), this research analyzes the content and frequency of the airlines' Facebook posts from February to July 2020. The findings reveal how airlines navigated the crisis by adopting specific communication strategies and engaging with stakeholders, highlighting the importance of digital platforms in maintaining customer relationships during unprecedented challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The structuring of brand equity is a fundamental aspect at a strategic level for marketing management since its consolidation strengthens the market orientation of organizations, as well as the relationship with one of their main interest groups, consumers. The objective of this research is to design an instrument to measure the dimensions of brand equity in the airline industry from the users' perception. At the methodological level, an instrumental, analytical, and transversal study is carried out, complemented with an exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis based on an instrument applied to 429 frequent consumers of Colombian airlines, which was analysed with the software The R Project for Statistical Computing and JASP software. The results determine that the new proposed instrument is composed of the following dimensions: the importance of Brand loyalty (IBL), quality and brand associations (QBA), brand awareness (BA), and brand performance (BP); from these, organizations in the airline sector will be able to strengthen the management of their brand equity and recognize the impact it has on their customers. It is concluded that this sector should continue to consolidate its brand equity as a strategic activity based on these dimensions, allowing it to increase the market positioning of its brands and its orientation towards customer satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aviation industry is extremely vulnerable to economic turbulence or a pandemic. Over the past decade, a number of well‐known European airline brands have gone into bankruptcy, with consequences such as leaving thousands of passengers stranded abroad. The present research assesses the predictive power of the updated Altman Z‐score model (1983 and 2017) using data on European airline bankruptcies over the period 2009–2020. The results indicate that the Z″‐score (2017) for private non‐manufacturing companies shows satisfactory predictive power when applied on European aviation industry. In this study, we analyze in depth the performance of the updated Altman Z′‐ and Z″‐scores (1983, 2017), connecting airline's financial and non‐financial information, and provide a comprehensive interpretation of Z‐score predictive power. We aim to contribute to the literature by offering a unique and novel perspective on the Altman model's accuracy for the European air transport industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Merger‐specific efficiencies alleviate anticompetitive concerns of horizontal mergers. However, organizational challenges inherent in mergers pose a threat to achieving these efficiencies and could negatively impact the merged firm's productivity and market outcomes. We separately measure the organizational and strategic effects of mergers on quality provision using administrative data from the US airline industry, leveraging an industry‐specific regulation. We find that organizational challenges (e.g., combining workforces) cause a significant reduction in the quality supplied by a merged firm. In contrast, strategic effects (e.g., market strategy) have a minor impact on quality. Also, we find that a merger can reduce the performance of both merging firms. Our results suggest a merger's organizational challenges create uncertain efficiency gains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Low-cost airlines have embraced diverse business models, yielding varying degrees of success. In our study, we apply a configurational approach that allows us to evaluate business models not as isolated components but as intricate business configurations. Through this lens, we identify two distinct models that successful low-cost airlines adopt: the pure low-cost model and the hybrid model. Each model has its own specific, often contradictory, attributes. Most significantly, our findings indicate that low-cost airlines must choose between offering a broad spectrum of additional services or focusing on high productivity and on-time performance. Our analyses reveal that low-cost airlines cannot sidestep this trade-off, as a simultaneous offering of both models does not lead to success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, flying is a fundamental part of society. Traveling is increasingly accessible, which supports not only the aeronautical industry but also the tourism sector in some regions around the world. However, despite its importance in society in general, where there are more and more airplanes in the air, the aviation industry has also become one of the primary sources of pollution, and when considering entertainment aviation, the problem becomes even more complicated. In recent years, all aeronautical manufacturers have been working on solutions that reduce the sector's impact on climate change. Landings are of particular importance in the fuel consumption aspect, especially if it is taken into account that for various reasons a pilot may decide to abort the maneuver, meaning a few more kilos of fuel that will be consumed consequently making more pollution. The present work suggests an architecture based on the history of successful landings providing the pilot suggestions to reduce the probability of a go-around. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Perceived corporate sustainability is the degree to which customers, who are users of products or services, believe in the values that businesses add to the world they live in economically, socially and environmentally. This study was conducted to research how corporate sustainability is perceived by its passengers and whether this perception has a positive affect to customer loyalty or not. For this purpose, a face-to-face questionnaire was applied to 600 passengers traveling with airline companies operating in Turkey and using Erzurum as their starting and destination point. After removing the incorrect and incomplete forms, the data obtained from the remaining 560 questionnaires were analyzed with the SPSS 26.0 program. The results have showed that perceived economic, social and corporate sustainability have a significant and positive relationship with customer loyalty for all airline companies in the business. Thus, within these three performances, a judgement has been reached that with the increase in corporate sustainability, customer loyalty also increased. Another result of the study is that there is a significant difference between airline companies in the relationship between passengers' perceptions of corporate sustainability and customer loyalty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nationality is a crucial element of the regime governing international airlines, the industry which is a key means of economic globalization. I argue that economic nationalist motives drive states to harness international economic flows to support sovereignty and national identity. Economic nationalism is conceptualized as a performative phenomenon, describing how states make sovereignty and nations real by enabling and controlling economic practices. Using a mixed-methods approach, I statistically examine an observable implication that dyads which have greater cultural difference tend to have less liberal bilateral air services agreements. I then investigate through analytic narratives how Canada and the EU dealt with the rapid growth and ambitious expansion of the Gulf state airlines, which were themselves economic nationalist projects. Canada restricted traffic rights while the EU has exerted control by enforcing concepts of fair competition and publicizing its scrutiny of foreign ownership and control over EU airlines. A key contribution of this article is to explore how trade policy is driven by symbolic politics, and to raise the possibility that material gains are pursed to support performances of national identity and sovereignty. This has further applications to other sectors with perceived implications for sovereignty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates whether airline firm characteristics moderate the negative impact of rising COVID-19 confirmed cases on airlines' stock. 87 listed airlines in 44 countries during 2020 are examined with a panel regression. The findings indicate that airline firm size and the number of destination countries reduce the negative effect of the pandemic. The impact of COVID-19 and firm size are significant only during the early stage of the pandemic due to high uncertainty. While the impact of COVID-19 is significant in the U.S. and other regions, it is not the case in China. In addition, the pandemic has had a greater impact on low-cost airlines than on full-service airlines. The study relates the findings to the size advantages and the benefit of diversification. While mergers and acquisitions are a promising business strategy for survival, governments and regulators are necessary to balance the market power of survival and new entrants in the future. • Firm size and the number of destination countries of airline firms alleviate the adverse effect of rising COVID-19 confirmed cases on stock returns. • The impact of COVID-19 and firm size are significant only during the early stage of the pandemic due to high uncertainty. • While the effect of COVID-19 was significant in the U.S. and other regions, it was not the case in China. • The pandemic has had a greater impact on low-cost airlines than on full-service airlines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this paper is to introduce an Allen‐type index of differentiation based on cost functions. With this index, we create an economic measure of product differentiation that quantifies differences between products. Applied research has some generally accepted economic measures, for example, the Herfindahl–Hirschman Index for market concentration, or the Gini coefficient for inequality. Product differentiation, however, does not yet have an established measure. Our objective is to fill that gap and introduce a measure that can be used in market‐related applied research such as market power, antitrust, price indexes, or market strategy. To operationalize the index, we introduce the concept of a core product and use cost functions to measure the degree of differentiation from the core product. To demonstrate the use of the index, we study the effect of product differentiation on price formation in the airline industry using an enhanced hedonic model. The model is empirically tested on 103,980 observations of quarterly US domestic airfare data between 2002 and 2016 and shows that product differentiation has a significant effect on both price and mark‐up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We examine the impact of the recent restrictions/bans imposed by several nations on air travel to India in the light of the increasing number of infections amid the second wave of covid-19. We employ the standard event study method on a sample of 34 airline stocks across seven nations to find that the recent restrictions/bans on air travel significantly impact the global airline industry, although the country-specific impacts are not similar. We find that the post-event reaction in all nations has been different from those evidenced during the global pandemic declaration. We are the first to examine these impacts during the current wave of the pandemic. It contributes to the literature on the effects of the pandemic on the global airline industry. Further, it also provides practical explanations to the investors on how the airline stocks react to the persistence of the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Accounting Perspectives is the property of Canadian Academic Accounting Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Akademik Hassasiyetler is the property of Huzeyfe Suleyman Arslan and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Design/methodology/approach: This paper used pervious related to aviation literatures to summarise and viewpoint the current aviation environment and conduct the risks, value, and resilience of grounded aircraft-value in the post-pandemic era. Purpose: Throughout 2020 to date, this major event, known as SARS CoV-2, has had a decisive impact on global air transport. Since the outbreak began, passenger travel has declined due to infection risks and new laws and travel restrictions. Dependent Surveillance-Despite the recent recovery in demand from the airline industry, risks posed by new models remain a concern for many airlines. From the data of Broadcasting (ADS-B) is helpful for preliminary observation and judgment of the value level of a certain type of aircraft. Findings: This paper not only focuses on the aviation environment, but discusses aviation highlights such as international perspectives, domestic (i.e. Taiwan) perspectives, and several issues between industry and academic perspectives. Research limitations/implications: The next phase of research needed in this area is a closer assessment of the value of aircraft in the development of global networks, which could have important policy implications for aircraft manufacturers and the aviation industry. Originality/value: This paper provides a contemplative perspective about the aviation industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transportation of both passengers and goods, in URT, has become a very important and paramount issue since the inception and commencement of the air aviation law in URT and the world in general. Several attempts have been made by partners' states, that in the beginning, started and initiated a milestone journey to the point where the aviation law regime has reached today. The enactment of international laws governing the aviation industry has gone through several stages. With several challenges encountered and evidenced for several years, transportation of passengers and goods has become a must and paramount. URT as a party to several international air rules and Conventions, aircraft from within and outside URT, have utilized both domestic as well international conventions in ensuring that passengers and goods are transported within and all over the world and their safety and life are well safeguarded through air laws applicable within URT. This research article is aimed at examining various international conventions applicable to URT. The article generally attempts at showing the historical evidence on the carriage of passengers through various conventions to which URT is a party, and how transportation of passengers and goods has become possible. The research article also covers the issues of liabilities for air carriers operating in URT with a special focus on the Conventions that are applicable in URT and the extent of compensation that those Conventions guarantee as a result of personal or bodily injuries or loss of passengers' goods that seem to be harmonized with current domestic aviation laws in URT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the results of analysis of failures of the main functional systems units of aircraft Boeing 737 during the last 10 years of its operation in the national airline of Latvia 'Air Baltic Corporation'. Total flight time was T∑ = 322,529 h and 184,538 cycles [1]. These data were obtained from daily reports of defects and unplanned consumption of spare parts for these systems. Failures of instrumental equipment of avionic systems were investigated in detail. Based on calculations of their failure probability and component replacement frequency, a comprehensive system including measures and their technical and instrumental support has been developed to improve maintenance productivity. Such a system requires relatively inexpensive components, is simple and can be used in the operation of this type of aircraft. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigate the impact of multimarket contact on market power. We analyze this question in the U.S. airline industry where concomitant cross-market interactions among competing carriers abound. Collecting data from the U.S. Bureau of Transportation Statistics and exploiting a methodology that allows us to compute the Lerner index (proxy for market power), we find that multimarket contact between carriers has a U-shaped effect on market power. This suggests that there exists a threshold level of multimarket contact for carriers that compete across multiple markets to recognize their interdependences and begin to mutually forbear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A Flight Plan is an essential element for achieving efficiency. Prior to operating a flight, a Flight Plan must be prepared. The flight operations officers (FOOs) utilize Airbus's NavBlue application to create a systematic Flight Plan. They can also manually generate a Flight Plan using the FCOM (Flight Crew Operating Manual) guidebook. This research focuses on the differences in fuel planning between the systematic and manual methods of Flight Plan creation, as there are variations between the two approaches. Qualitative methodology is used to gather and analyze secondary data, including both manual and systematic Flight Plans, weather and environmental data, as well as aircraft technical documents and fuel tank capacities. The anticipated outcome of this research is to provide valuable insights for the aviation industry in enhancing operational efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study empirically examines the impact of ownership structure on the financial performance of listed airlines in Africa. Design/Methods/Approach: The research utilized quantitative techniques to collect secondary data from listed airlines over ten years (2010-2019). Descriptive statistics and multiple regression were used for analysis. Findings: The results revealed that airlines with the majority of private domestic and private foreign ownership showed a significant positive effect on financial performance (ROA and ROE). In contrast, state ownership had an insignificant impact on airlines' financial performance. The study supports the property rights theory, emphasizing the importance of private ownership in airlines. Originality/Value: This study adds to the existing literature by providing evidence on how ownership structure influences financial performance in African airlines, contributing to aviation research. Practical/Policy Implication: The findings suggest that private and foreign investors should consider acquiring controlling airline stakes to enhance financial performance. Policymakers should aim to create flexible laws and regulations that attract domestic and foreign private investors to the aviation sector, potentially fostering improved management practices and policy developments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses the challenge of measuring efficiency in systems with two components using Stackelberg game theory and neutrosophic numbers to handle data uncertainty. Unlike traditional Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) models that treat Decision Making Units (DMUs) as black boxes, we propose a new neutrosophic Network DEA (NDEA) model to compute efficiency scores for each division. By applying Stackelberg game theory, we break down the system's efficiency scores into sub-system efficiencies, providing a more detailed assessment of performance. Our proposed model represents a significant contribution to the literature by developing a two-stage Network Slack Based Measure (NSBM) model. This model addresses conflicts arising from the dual role of intermediate measures and assumes a Stackelberg-game relationship between the two stages while ensuring continuity in the flow of links between them. Additionally, the model imposes a penalty on the follower's objective to discourage deviation from the leader's objectives, thereby enhancing feasibility robustness. To handle uncertainty within the model, we further refine it into a two-stage framework that leverages Pareto efficiency concepts to establish lower and upper bounds for DMU efficiencies. To validate our approach, we utilized data from the Iranian Airline Industry. This empirical study evaluates the efficiencies of 13 Iranian airlines, illustrating how our methodology effectively captures and quantifies operational efficiencies within uncertainty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To understand the impact of competition on organizational service reliability decisions, this study investigates whether firms in the airline industry consider competitors' actions when making their service reliability decisions. Using data from the U.S. Bureau of Transportation Statistics on flight cancellation rates and average length of flight delays, the authors use two complementary approaches, a simultaneous equation model and a discrete game framework, to examine competitive influence on firm decisions on the level of service reliability. The authors find that competitive effects are asymmetric and differ by the type of firm and its competitors—full-service versus low-cost airlines—as well by level of market concentration. The authors show that internal initiatives, such as on-time bonuses, can substantially improve service reliability but require the firm to account for competitive reactions. Ignoring competitive effects leads to an overestimation of the impact of these programs on service reliability levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The tremendous impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the global aviation industry has led to many cases of airline financial distress and bankruptcy. The Asia–Pacific region (APAC) contains more than half of the world’s population, and its airlines had the highest profit margin of any region. In this study, we investigate whether corporate sustainability practice can reduce the financial distress risk of air carriers, and, if so, what would the effect be in APAC? We first examine the relationship between environmental, social, and governance disclosure and the likelihood of financial distress of airlines as measured by the Altman Z″-score. Second, we analyze the moderating role of being an APAC airline in this relationship. The findings support the claim that implementing environmental actions may increase financial distress risk, and by improving social and governance activities, airlines can mitigate the risk of financial distress. The negative influence of the environmental pillar and the positive influence of the social pillar can be smaller for APAC airlines. Our study provides empirical evidence of the influence of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) on the likelihood of financial distress in the airline industry. Moreover, we analyze the moderating role of being an APAC airline in the relationship between sustainability and financial distress. This study has significant implications for executives, managers, and policymakers in the aviation industry on ESG strategy decisions and the general issue of sustainability.

This article examines the development of strategic alliances in the airline industry through the participation of Koninklijke Luchtvaart Maatschappij (hereafter KLM) in a joint venture with Kenya Airways (hereafter KQ). Based on the literature on knowledge transfer in international business and organization studies, the study focuses on the evolution of cooperation between both partners over time, from capital seeking to joint marketing, legitimacy, knowledge seeking, and revenue and cost sharing. In particular, it demonstrates how the features of the two firms and their boundaries affect inter-organizational knowledge transfer.