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The Fifth International Congress of Biochemistry was held in Moscow sixty years ago, on 10-16 August 1961. Back then it was the biggest event with thousands of participants and proceedings counting more than 3,500 pages. Comparing this congress with the preceding and succeeding events held in Vienna in 1958 and in New York in 1964 allows to identify both the qualitative and the quantitative trends in biochemistry. Furthermore, the Fifth Congress marks a turning point in the history of molecular biology because it was during this congress that Nirenberg announced the cracking of the genetic code. The rest of the abstracts, however, certainly deserve more attention. The congresses of this size promote fruitful exchanges among scientists but rather in the spirit of “Olympic internationalism”. At the same time they also provided an international scientific audience for the whistleblowers on nuclear fallout. In the early 1960s, the international congresses of biochemistry and zoology were facing the same challenges (their heterogeneity and size, the issue of molecular biology) but biochemistry dealt with these challenges more successfully than zoology., 60 лет назад в Москве, с 10 по 16 августа проходил Пятый международный конгресс по биохимии. На тот момент это было самое крупное мероприятие: в нём приняли участие тысячи участников, а сборник материалов конгресса составили более 3 500 страниц. При его сравнении с предыдущим и последующими конгрессами, проведёнными в Вене в 1958 г. и в НьюЙорке в 1964 г., можно проследить тенденции в биохимии как в качественном, так и в количественном отношении. Более того, Пятый конгресс представляет собой поворотный момент в истории молекулярной биологии, потому что именно на нём Ниренберг объявил о взломе генетического кода. Однако остальные тезисы, безусловно, заслуживают большего внимания. Такие конгрессы, учитывая их размер, способствуют плодотворному обмену между учёными, но в большей степени в духе «олимпийского интернационализма». В начале 1960-х гг. международные конгрессы по биохимии и зоологии столкнулись с теми же проблемами (их неоднородность и размер, проблема молекулярной биологии), но первые решали их более успешно, чем последующие.

Dusan Srdoc was born on January 11, 1929, in Rijeka, Croatia. He graduated from the Technical Faculty of the University of Zagreb in 1953 and was employed at the Ruđer Boskovi´c Institute (RBI) in Zagreb, Croatia, where he founded a laboratory for the development and production of detectors of ionizing radiation.Dr. Srdoc and his team also developed and implemented the coupled vacuum preparation lines and electronic system for data acquisition and data evaluation. The Ruđer Boskovi´c Radiocarbon Laboratory, the first of this kind in southeastern Europe, was founded in 1968. During 1969 the whole system was tested, in 1970 the first radiocarbon dating results were obtained, and the next year they were published as Datalist I in Radiocarbon (Srdoc et al. 1971). The laboratory also implemented the measurement of tritium activity concentration by gas proportional counter, and both the multi-wire counter and the sample preparation line were produced by the laboratory staff. Dr. Srdoc was one of the founders of the Yugoslav Radiation Protection Association (YRPA) in 1963 and its first secretary. He represented Croatia and YRPA at the First International Congress on Radiation Protection in Rome in 1966. Later, this congress was recognized as the First International Congress of IRPA, the International Radiation Protection Association. We will remember Dr. Srdoc as a diligent and devoted scientist who initiated many new research topics at the Institute. For the current laboratory staff, his most important legacy is the founding of the Radiocarbon Laboratory, which is still in operation and following the top techniques and topics in the field. Dr. Srdoc taught us to look at our results from various standpoints, to question the conclusions, to not be afraid of the critics, and to continuously improve our knowledge and skills.

The objectives of the 16th International Congress on Antiphospholipid Antibodies (aPL) Task Force on Clinical Manifestations of Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS) were to critically analyze: a) the definition of “APS”; b) the current knowledge on non-traditional manifestations associated with aPL; and c) the risk stratification strategies in aPL-positive patients. The quality of evidence was assessed by the GRADE system. The task force concluded that: a) APS does not have a uniform definition given the heterogeneity of the clinical presentations and different aPL profiles; b) current literature supports the role for aPL testing in cases of thrombocytopenia and recurrent cardiac events but are limited by vast heterogeneity, providing an overall low-to-very low level of evidence; and c) risk stratification strategies in aPL-positive patients, such as aPL-Score and Global APS Score, can be useful in clinical practice. International multicenter studies are still highly needed to improve the quality of available evidence and consequently the strength of future recommendations.

The annual European Respiratory Society (ERS) International Congress will take place in a virtual format, from 5 to 8 September 2021. As in previous years, the programme will be full of outstanding scientific sessions in the field of respiratory medicine and enriching opportunities for Early Career Members (ECMs). In this article, we provide an overview of the structure and content of the Congress, as well as tips on how to navigate the programme and get the most out of it. We also provide a brief description of the ECM session which will focus on the keys to success in science., This article provides a brief description of the Early Career Member session and guidance on how to get the most out of the European Respiratory Society (ERS) International Congress 2021, to help attendees plan their Congress in advance. https://bit.ly/3dBNrYC

У статті розглянуто торгівлю жінками наприкінці ХІХ – на початку ХХ ст. як проблему міжнародного масштабу. Автором визначено Російську імперію й підросійську Україну, зокрема, як один зі світових центрів постачання т. зв. «живого товару» в основному до Туреччини та країн Американського континенту (США, Аргентини, Бразилії). Продемонстровано наявність розгалуженої системи з організації вербування дівчат, зокрема проаналізовано інститут агентів, котрі займалися пошуком «білих рабинь», наведено приклади методів, які вони застосовували (від оголошень у пресі й пропозицій високооплачуваної роботи до фіктивних шлюбів із фальшивими паспортами), продемонстровано корумпованість поліції й пасивну роль держави із запобігання торгівлі людьми (строк покарання агентів був мінімальним, справи часто закривалися за відсутності свідків, а органи поліції отримували хабарі від власників будинків розпусти). Головними факторами, що спричиняли поширення торгівлі жінками в підросійській Україні, були матеріальні. На тлі процесів модернізації та урбанізації, подальшого розвитку капіталістичних відносин, розширення індустрії розваг, легалізованої офіційно проституції здійснюється трансформація інституту сім’ї і шлюбу, що також позначилося на зростанні міжнародної торгівлі жінками на початку ХХ ст.Світова спільнота розпочала активну боротьбу з торгівлею жінками наприкінці ХІХ – на початку ХХ ст., провівши міжнародні конгреси в Лондоні та Франкфурті-на-Майні. Тим не менше на заваді активній боротьбі проти продажу людей було недосконале законодавство більшості країн, а подеколи відсутність законів, за якими організаторів торгівлі жінками можна було б притягти до відповідальності. Активна діяльність Російського товариства захисту жінок на початку ХХ ст., зокрема його Одеської філії, спричинила розробку й уведення в дію відповідного закону та проведення Всеросійського з’їзду в боротьбі з торгівлею жінками. The article considers trafficking in women in the late nineteenth – early twentieth century as a problem of international scale. The author identifies the Russian Empire and Sub-Russian Ukraine in particular as one of the world's supply centers, the so-called “living goods”, mainly to Turkey and the Americas (the USA, Argentina, Brazil). The existence of an extensive system for organizing the recruitment of girls, in particular the institute of agents engaged in the search for “white slaves” are analyzed, the examples of methods they used (from press announcements and offers of high-paying jobs to fictitious marriages with fake passports) are given, the passive role of the state in preventing human trafficking is demonstrated (the term of punishment of agents was minimal, cases were often closed in the absence of witnesses, and police received bribes from the owners of brothels). The main factors causing the spread of trafficking in women in Sub-Russian Ukraine were material. Against the background of modernization and urbanization, further development of capitalist relations, expansion of the entertainment industry, officially legalized prostitution, the institution of family and marriage is being transformed, which also affected the growth of international trafficking in women in the early twentieth century.The world community began an active fight against trafficking in women in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, holding international congresses in London and Frankfurt am Main. However, the active fight against human trafficking was hampered by imperfect legislation in most countries and sometimes by the lack of laws under which organizers of trafficking in women could be prosecuted. The active work of the Russian Society for the Protection of Women in the early twentieth century, in particular its Odessa branch, led to the development and implementation of the relevant law and the holding of the All-Russian Congress in the fight against trafficking in women.

The Second International Congress of Soil Science was held in St. Petersburg and Moscow in July 1930. Konstantin Glinka had been elected the President of the International Society of Soil Science, but he had suddenly died in 1927. The congress was attended by 460 soil scientists, and included presentations, exhibits and an excursion that lasted 24 days. The Third International Congress of Soil Science was held in Oxford, UK, in August 1935. The congress had a similar setup to the first two congresses but lacked the brilliance and vitality. A fourth congress was to be held in Heidelberg, Germany, in 1940 but the world went to war. In 1945, efforts were made to establish a new global organization of soil science and to disremember the war years of the International Society of Soil Science. However, in 1947, the society was resurrected. In 1950 the Fourth International Congress of Soil Science was held in Amsterdam, and there were almost 500 attendees, with 120 from the Netherlands. Soils of the tropics was an important theme at the congress, and it decided that the next congress was to be held in Congo in 1954. The congress was held in Kinshasa in 1954 had only 200 participants but had an impact on soil research in tropical countries. The sixth congress was held in Paris in 1956, had almost 800 attendees, of which 200 were from France, and over 40 American attendees.

The First International Congress of Soil Science was held from 13th until 22nd of June 1927. The congress was organized by the International Society of Soil Science, the American Society of Agronomy, and the United States Department of Agriculture. Jacob Lipman and Curtis Marbut were the main organizers. The congress was attended by 507 people (366 from the USA) and there were 141 delegates from 31 countries; there were two women. Konstantin Glinka headed the Russian delegation, and with Curtis Marbut he was the pedologic leader of the congress. Jacob Lipman had made the program for the congress based on the recommendations of the six commissions. In total, 361 papers were received, with most for for the commission on Soil Biology and Biochemistry and the commission on Classification, Nomenclature, and Mapping of Soils. The congress included social events in Washington, day excursions, and was followed by a one-month excursion by train through 23 states and four Canadian Provinces. Over 200 people participated, and thirty-four stops were made, and twelve agricultural stations were visited. There were long discussions at the numerous soil profiles that were especially dug for the excursion or observed along road cuts. The congress and excursion were a success, forged a community of soil scientists, and became a model for successive soil congresses.

This paper aims to examine: (a) the extent to which human resource empowerment is applied to the Greek Ministry of Tourism, (b) the extent to which the job satisfaction of employees was existed in this public tourism organization and (c) the relationship between human resource empowerment and employees’ job satisfaction. For the purpose of this study, two questionnaires were used: (a) the questionnaire of human resource empowerment (developed by Vogt, Empowerment in organizations: how to spark exceptional performance, University Associates Inc, USA, 1990 and modified and simplified by Kriemadis (2011) Proceedings the 19th international congress on physical education and sport, ICPES; Komotini and Papaioannou (2011) Proceedings of the 19th international congress on physical education and sport, ICPES, Komotini), and (b) the questionnaire of employees’ job satisfaction (developed by Warr et al J Occup Psychol 52:129–148, 1979). The sample was composed by 142 full-time employees of the Greek Ministry of Tourism. The participants were surveyed by using 48 items (variables) in a questionnaire. The results of the data analysis indicated that human resource empowerment is applied to a mediocre extent by the Greek Ministry of Tourism, while the overall employees’ job satisfaction was above average. Furthermore, significant and positive relationships among the key factors of human resource empowerment and employees’ job satisfaction were highlighted. This study is useful in extending the concept of human resource empowerment to the public tourism sector. Additionally, the outcomes may be useful in helping directors to further understand the human resource empowerment process in their respective tourism organizations.

Emil Truog was born in 1884 in Independence, Wisconsin. He grew up on a farm, milked Guernsey cows, and from an early age on was interested in chemistry and the maintenance of soil fertility. In 1905, he enrolled at the University of Wisconsin in Madison where he took soil courses from Franklin King and Andrew Whitson. After his BS degree in Soils, he obtained a MS in chemistry and was hired in 1912 in the Department of Soils. Emil Truog worked on pH measurements, plant nutrients and exchange properties. He was an agronomist at heart and regarded deep soil understanding as essential for the maintenance of soil fertility, and an increase in agricultural production. He officially retired in 1954, and had supervised 175 MS and Ph.D. students. Emil Truog was the congress organizer for the Seventh International Congress of Soil Science held in Madison in 1960, and died in 1969.

In historical research on internationalism and the international sphere, the rise of the international congress during the nineteenth century has long played a prominent role. This article investigates the making of the international congress as a phenomenon by comparing three early series of meetings – anti-slavery conventions, peace congresses and philanthropic congresses during the 1840s and 1850s – as communicative events. The analysis shows that their staging was influenced by the fact that these meetings were organised to mobilise reform movements, and that they relied on a public sphere where elite groups, gathered in the metropoles of Europe, could expect that their speeches would reach geographically dispersed audiences through print media. A general conclusion is that these meetings pioneered a new way of being international – called ‘representative internationality’ in the article – through how they were arranged as independent actors beyond local contexts that could both ‘speak for’ and ‘speak to’ different collectives.

Статья представляет собой размышления по поводу книги Х. Духхардта «Миниатюры мира. К истории культуры и иконографии мира в раннее Новое время». Исследование мирных конгрессов во время Вестфальской системы сталкивает ученых не только с меняющимися концепциями международных отношений, но и с новыми практиками презентации дипломатии в Европе. Анализируя иконографию, публицистику и дипломатическую культуру мирных конгрессов, Духхардт дает импульс для новых исследований взаимодействия культуры и дипломатии. Автор статьи полагает, что перформативная природа и художественное оформление конгрессов подчеркивали как европейский характер мира, так и протопатриотические настроения, которые он вызывал. Репрезентативное и дипломатическое искусство примиряло и объединяло противников даже в условиях жесткой конкуренции., The article presents a reflection on the recent book by H. Duchhardt, “Friedens-Miniaturen. Zur Kulturgeschichte und Ikonographie des Friedens in der Vormoderne”. A study of Peace Congresses during the Westphallian system confronts scholars not only with new concepts of international relations, but also with new practices in the presentation of European diplomacy. Analyzing the iconography, journalism and the diplomatic culture of peaceful Congresses, the German historian gives impetus to new reflections and researchs in the field of the interaction of culture and diplomacy. The author of the article believes that the performative nature and decoration of the Congresses emphasized both the European character of the Peace and the proto-patriotic moods it evoked., Диалог со временем, Выпуск 74 (74) 2021, Pages 389-398

Proceedings of the International Congress on Architectural Archives: Professional Experiences in a Cultural Diversity [Recurso eletronico] / International Congress on Architectural Archives. — Braga : Section on Architectural Records of the International Council on Archives : Arquivo Distrital de Braga, 2021. — 280 p. ISBN 978-972-9102-73-8

International audience; SPECIAL ISSUE: 6TH INTERNATIONAL ENTOMOPHAGOUS INSECTSCONFERENCEEntomophag ous insects – an introductionEric Conti1* , Eric Wajnberg2,3& Leo W. Beukeboom41Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno, Perugia 06121,Italy,2INRAE, 400 Route des Chappes, BP 167, Sophia Antipolis Cedex 06903, France,3INRIA, Sophia Antipolis, ProjetHephaistos, 2004 Route des Lucioles, BP 93, Sophia Antipolis Cedex 06902, France, and4Groningen Institute forEvolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, PO Box 11103, Groningen 9700 CC, The NetherlandsAccepted: 31 July 2020Key words: international congress, parasitoids, predators, trophic networks, ecosystem functioning,BIOCAT database, exploitation, behavioral manipulation, mass rearing, intraguild predation,chemical ecology, functional morphology, biological control, biocontrol agentsAbstract

I cannot fail to tell you the story of the 9th International Congress of Plant Pathology, held in Torino, at the Lingotto Congress Center, in August 2008. An unforgettable adventure, started in 2002, with the opportunity, seized on the fly, to bid to bring in Torino the World congress devoted to my research field.

The seventh congress was held in Madison, USA, in 1960. At that time, the optimism of global peace and cooperation had begun to dwindle, upon facing the reality of international dissimilarities and the brewing of the cold war. Soil science had become a global science with defined principles and practices, a burgeoning number of scientists, and some early signs of maturation. The seventh congress was attended by 1,260 people, of which 467 delegates were from overseas. It was the largest gathering of soil scientists to date. Increased agricultural production was an important topic and protecting water, air, and soil from excess nutrients and contaminants were not discussed. At the congress, the 7th Approximation was presented which was a conceptual change to the earlier soil classification systems and relied on diagnostic horizons and measured properties. It created some unrest in the international soil science community. A proposal was made for a new Soil Map of the World to be led by the International Society of Soil Science as well as FAO in which Charles Kellogg and his office were excluded.

At the 18th International Congress of Cytology in Paris in 2013, the "Paris Group" created standardized reporting system/criteria for urine cytopathology. This reporting system provided evidence-based criteria for all the urine cytopathologic diagnosis in aims to avoid atypia being used a "waste basket." The addition of standard classification system greatly helps minimizing atypia diagnosis; however, clinicians, specifically, urologist, are still left without a clear set of guidelines for how to approach atypia. Prospective collaborate work with cytopathologists and urologist can help solve the dreaded atypia cytology pathological report and provide a framework and guidelines on management, providing better care to our patients.

2122 April 2021 in the Moscow Regional Research Institute named after M. F. Vladimirsky was held the International Congress "Topical Issues of Forensic Medicine and Expert Practice-2021". This article an overview of the most important events of the Congress.

espanolLos congresos internacionales son un medio excelente para valorar la primera proyeccion de la arqueologia espanola en Europa y America hasta el estallido de la Guerra Civil. Se pueden distinguir tres grandes fases, 1900-1913, 1914-1922 y 1923-1936. En la primera etapa, los principales arqueologos extranjeros que trabajaban en Espana, Breuil, Obermaier o Schulten, publicaron principalmente en revistas francesas y alemanas. En cambio, fue Siret quien utilizo mas estos congresos para proyectar su investigacion en el extranjero, que eludieron investigadores espanoles como Gomez-Moreno y Garcia Lopez. En otros casos como Melida y Rivero, representaron a Espana en los congresos de Arqueologia Clasica de El Cairo y Roma, pero no presentaron trabajos. Durante el paron por la Primera Guerra Mundial de una decada entre 1914-22, que impidio la celebracion en Madrid del XV Congreso Internacional de Antropologia y Arqueologia Prehistorica en 1915, obtenido gracias a las gestiones de Cerralbo, se produjo la incorporacion a catedras de Bosch Gimpera en 1916 y Obermaier en 1922, a la vez que como directores de museos lo hicieron Taracena en 1916 y Cabre en 1922. A ellos se sumaron en la universidad, pocos anos despues, Pericot y Mergelina en 1925, Carriazo en 1927 o Castillo y Garcia Bellido en 1931. Bosch Gimpera fue el investigador con mayor proyeccion internacional desde 1923, inicialmente con apoyo economico del Institut d’Estudis Catalans y la culmino como secretario del IV Congreso Internacional de Arqueologia Clasica en Barcelona (1929), que sirvio para debutar en estos congresos a investigadores como Juan Cabre, Encarnacion Cabre, Navascues, Perez de Barradas, Pericot o Taracena, quienes comenzaron a asistir ya mas regularmente presentando trabajos en Coimbra-Oporto (1930), Argel (1930), Londres (1932) o las previstas inicialmente para Oslo (1936). Otro cambio importante, despues de numerosas ausencias, fue la participacion significativa de americanistas interesados en la America Precolombina a partir del congreso de Sevilla (1935). Las dos conclusiones principales de este trabajo son que el peso de los investigadores extranjeros en la arqueologia espanola fue menor de lo que se ha pensado, incluso en el primer periodo hasta 1913, diluyendose posteriormente. En segundo lugar, la proyeccion cientifica de Bosch Gimpera antes de la Guerra Civil y de Pericot despues estuvo basada en la activa participacion de ambos en congresos internacionales. EnglishInternational congresses are an excellent opportunity to assess the first stages of Spanish archaeology in Europe and America until the outbreak of the Civil War. We can distinguish three major phases, 1900-1913, 1914-1922 and 1923-1936. In the first stage, the main foreign archaeologists working in Spain (Breuil, Obermaier and Schulten) published mainly in French and German journals. Siret, instead, used these congresses to show his research abroad, something that other Spanish researchers, such as Gomez-Moreno and Garcia Lopez, eluded. Other researchers, like Melida and Rivero, represented Spain at the Classical Archaeology Congresses in Cairo and Rome, but did not present works. The one-decade break that the World War I produced, between 1914 and 1922, prevented the celebration in Madrid of the XV International Congress of Anthropology and Prehistoric Archaeology in 1915, which had been assigned to the city thanks to the efforts of Cerralbo. However, during that decade, Bosch Gimpera in 1916 and Obermaier in 1922 became professors, while Taracena in 1916 and Cabre in 1922 became museum directors. A few years later, they were joined in the university by Pericot and Mergelina in 1925, Carriazo in 1927 and Castillo and Garcia Bellido in 1931. Bosch Gimpera was the researcher with the greatest international projection since 1923, initially with financial support from the Institut d’Estudis Catalans and later becoming secretary of the IV International Congress of Classical Archaeology in Barcelona (1929). This Congress was the debut for researchers such as Juan Cabre, Encarnacion Cabre, Navascues, Perez de Barradas, Pericot or Taracena, who began to attend and congresses more regularly, presenting papers in Coimbra-Oporto (1930), Argel (1930), London (1932) or those originally planned for Oslo (1936). Another important change was the significant participation, after numerous absences, of Americanists interested in Pre-Columbian America in the Seville congress (1935). The two main conclusions of this work are that the weight of foreign researchers in Spanish archeology was much less than previously thought, even in the first period before 1913, and subsequently diluted. The second conclusion is that the scientific projection of Bosch Gimpera before the Civil War, and of Pericot afterwards, was based on the active participation of both in international congresses.

Characteristics of Relationships Between International Law and Diplomacy by Conferences The increase in the number of states, the multitude of economic, political, technical and military problems that exist between states and in the world in general, the development of the media and many other radical changes that have taken place over the last century have inevitably led to the structural change of the world community and the changing configuration of diplomacy. Creșterea numărului de state, multitudinea problemelor de ordin economic, politic, tehnic și militar, existente între state și în general în lume, dezvoltarea mijloacelor de comunicație și multe alte schimbări radicale ce s-au produs pe parcursul ultimului secol au dus în mod inevitabil la modificarea structurală a comunității mondiale și la schimbarea configurației diplomației.

Characteristics of Relationships Between International Law and Diplomacy by Conferences The increase in the number of states, the multitude of economic, political, technical and military problems that exist between states and in the world in general, the development of the media and many other radical changes that have taken place over the last century have inevitably led to the structural change of the world community and the changing configuration of diplomacy. Creșterea numărului de state, multitudinea problemelor de ordin economic, politic, tehnic și militar, existente între state și în general în lume, dezvoltarea mijloacelor de comunicație și multe alte schimbări radicale ce s-au produs pe parcursul ultimului secol au dus în mod inevitabil la modificarea structurală a comunității mondiale și la schimbarea configurației diplomației. &nbsp

BACKGROUND Neuroblastoma (NB) contributes the most to the mortality of childhood malignancies worldwide. The disease spectrum is heterogenous and the management complex and costly, especially in advanced disease or disease with adverse biology. In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) the majority of NB presents in advanced stages. Therefore, with limited resources and poor prognosis the treatment of NB is often not a priority. The aim of the study was to evaluate the research activities and perceptions of the management of NB that determine the research and treatment approaches in LMICs. METHODS Data were sourced from https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ identifying NB trials open to LMIC. Abstracts on NB research presented at the International Society for Paediatric Oncology (SIOP) Congresses between 2014 and 2020 were evaluated according to income status. An online survey evaluating medical views on NB in LMICs and the effect on the management was conducted. Descriptive analysis was done. Where appropriate categorical association between covariates was assessed using the Pearson chi-square (χ2 ) test or Fishers exact test. RESULTS There were 15/562 (2.7%) trials open to LMIC. Only six of 138 (4.3%) LMIC participated in NB trials. Of the 688 abstracts presented between 2014 and 2020 at the SIOP International Congress on NB as primary subject, 297 (42.7%) were from LMICs. Only two were from low-income countries (LICs). Sixty-one countries responded to the NB survey. Positive views towards NB management were present when treatment was based on a national protocol, the availability of trimodal or advanced treatment options were present, and when a balance of metastatic or local disease were treated. CONCLUSION Management of NB in LMICs should include increased advocacy and research as well as implementation of national management strategies.

This General Report provides a comparative law analysis of the phenomenon of groups of companies, through an overview and summary of the information contained in the more than twenty National Reports presented to the International Congress on Comparative Law held in Fukuoka, Japan, in 2018, which make up this book. The General Report begins by surveying the manner in which the different legislations define and describe groups of companies, then goes on to study the varied approaches and solutions found in and offered by the legal systems analysed in the book, mainly for the protection of minority shareholders and that of creditors and other third parties, also mentioning some regulations pertaining to different areas of the law (such as labour, tax and competition law). As such, it provides an overall, but altogether detailed view of the phenomenon in legislations from various parts of the world, organized around the most relevant topics surrounding groups of companies.

Resumen: El objetivo de esta investigación es rescatar del anonimato al profesor de historia y geografía Julio Montebruno como uno de los principales precursores de la enseñanza en Chile de las regiones polares en la primera mitad del siglo XX, dar cuenta de su participación en el IX Congreso Internacional de Geografía de Ginebra (1908) y las implicancias del concepto “Antártica Occidental” empleado en sus obras y en especial en el Atlas Universal de 1925. La metodología utilizada es la propia de la investigación histórica, organizada a partir de una pregunta de investigación y destinada a responder o esclarecer los objetivos planteados. Las conclusiones confirman que Montebruno habría sido el primero en sistematizar el conocimiento de la Antártica en la enseñanza secundaria chilena; las ideas presentadas por él en 1908 habrían permitido que el gobierno reflexionara sobre el rol político de los estudios geográficos y polares, y que la Antártica Occidental bajo la denominación de ‘Brit.’ (Británica) estaba asociada al colonialismo inglés imperante en la primera mitad del siglo XX.

appears in Infection Prevention & Control / International Journal of Infectious Diseases 101(S1) (2021) 300–335 the organizers of the 19th International Congress on Infectious Diseases (ICID) made the decision to cancel the Congress scheduled for September 10-13, 2020 in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Accepted manuscript for Hoffman, N. (2020). Controlled vocabulary and indigenous terminology in Canadian Arctic Legal Research. In S. Acadia & M. T. Fjellestad (Eds.), Library and Information Studies for Arctic Social Sciences and Humanities (pp. 110-132). New York: Routledge. 10.4324/9780429504778-4 An earlier version of this chapter was presented at the 9th International Congress of Arctic Social Sciences (ICASS-IX), 8-12 June 2017, Umea, Sweden. The presentation has been archived in the University of Calgary repository at: https://prism.ucalgary.ca/handle/1880/52147.

Neuroendocrine neoplasias (NENs) are a heterogeneous group of rare tumors scattered throughout the body. Surgery, locoregional or ablative therapies as well as maintenance treatments are applied in well-differentiated, low-grade NENs, whereas cytotoxic chemotherapy is usually applied in high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas. However, treatment options for patients with advanced or metastatic NENs are limited. Immunotherapy has provided new treatment approaches for many cancer types, including neuroendocrine tumors, but predictive biomarkers of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the treatment of NENs have not been fully reported. By reviewing the literature and international congress abstracts, we summarize the current knowledge of ICIs, potential predicative biomarkers in the treatment of NENs, implications and efficacy of ICIs as well as biomarkers for NENs of gastroenteropancreatic system, lung NENs and Merkel cell carcinoma in clinical practice.

Forty-six years ago Jawaharlal Nehru came to the USSR for the celebrations of the 10th anniversary of the Great October Revolution. He visited the land of Soviets along with Motilal Nehru, his father, an outstanding leader of the Indian National Congress, his wife Kamala and younger sister Krishna. In February 1927 Jawaharlal Nehru took part in the Brussels International Congress against Colonial Oppression and Imperialism as an official representative of the Indian National Congress (INC). The participation of an INC representative in the Congress was a signal event. The Congress was determining its position towards international problems against the background of a grim struggle being waged by the anti-imperialist forces headed by the Soviet Union against the forces of reaction. In February 1927 Jawaharlal Nehru took part in the Brussels International Congress against Colonial Oppression and Imperialism as an official representative of the INC.

Venous ulcers represent the most frequent ulcers and have a high clinical and socioeconomic significance. Nevertheless, pending questions remain on epidemiology, genetic and biomolecular mechanisms, contraindications and risk factors of compression therapy, role of pharmacological therapy. Overall prevalence in the range of 1-2% and point prevalence of 0.08-0.6% can be reduced if risk factors are identified and treated early. In this context, analysis of factor XIII and hemocromatosis gene polymorphisms, with the C282Y and H63D variants, may be of great importance. Also MMP12 gene polymorphism and the imbalance between matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors are able to impair wound healing via deleterious degradation process of extra-cellular matrix. From a therapeutic point of view, conflicting recommendations exist on relative contraindications, risks and adverse events of compression therapy. Some studies showed that the administration of pentoxyphilline, Micronized purified flavonoid fraction (MPFF) and sulodexide was effective in accelerating ulcer healing, but there is no data on the duration of treatment, recurrence rates and cost-effectiveness relationship.

The past few decades have seen major discoveries in the field of molecular plant-microbe interactions. As the result of technological and intellectual advances, we are now able to answer questions at a level of mechanistic detail that we could not have imagined possible 20 years ago. The MPMI Editorial Board felt it was time to take stock and reassess. What big questions remain unanswered? We knew that to identify the fundamental, overarching questions that drive our research, we needed to do this as a community. To reach a diverse audience of people with different backgrounds and perspectives, working in different areas of plant-microbe interactions, we queried the more than 1,400 participants at the 2019 International Congress on Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions meeting in Glasgow. This group effort resulted in a list of ten, broad-reaching, fundamental questions that influence and inform our research. Here, we introduce these Top 10 unanswered questions, giving context and a brief description of the issues. Each of these questions will be the subject of a detailed review in the coming months. We hope that this process of reflecting on what is known and unknown and identifying the themes that underlie our research will provide a framework to use going forward, giving newcomers a sense of the mystery of the big questions and inspiring new avenues and novel insights. Fil: Harris, Jeanne M.. University of Vermont; Estados Unidos Fil: Balint Kurti, Peter. Nc State University; Estados Unidos Fil: Bede, Jacqueline C.. McGill University; Canadá Fil: Day, Brad. Michigan State University; Estados Unidos Fil: Gold, Scott. University of Georgia; Estados Unidos Fil: Goss, Erica M.. University of Florida; Estados Unidos Fil: Grenville Briggs, Laura J.. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Suecia Fil: Jones, Kathryn M.. Florida State University; Estados Unidos Fil: Wang, Aiming. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Canadá Fil: Wang, Yuanchao. Nanjing Agricultural University; China Fil: Mitra, Raka M.. Carleton College; Estados Unidos Fil: Sohn, Kee Hoon. Pohang University of Science and Technology; Corea del Sur Fil: Alvarez, Maria Elena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba; Argentina

The Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation Assembly of the European Respiratory Society is delighted to present the highlights from the 2020 Virtual International Congress. We have selected four sessions that discussed recent advances in a wide range of topics. From the use of robotic surgery in thoracic surgery and extracorporeal life support as a bridge to lung transplantation, to lung transplantation in the era of new drugs. The sessions are summarised by early career members in close collaboration with the assembly leadership. We aim to give the reader an update on the highlights of the conference in the fields of thoracic surgery and lung transplantation., The first “virtual” #ERSCongress was a great success, with very diverse and important sessions on innovation and the state of the art in thoracic surgery and lung transplantation, summarised in this article https://bit.ly/392uwUA

This article summarises Shane Godbolt's international Collaborations. It includes her associations with the European Association of Health Information & Libraries (EAHIL), International Congress on Medical Librarianship (ICML) and the Irish Health Sciences Libraries (HSLG).

AimsIn 2019, the Royal College of Psychiatrists (RCPsych) launched the “Psych Star” scheme for medical students with an interest in psychiatry. The one-year scheme provides Psych Stars with a matched mentor, free registration at the RCPsych's International Congress, financial support for psychiatry-related activities, journal subscriptions and access to two online learning platforms. This project aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the scheme in supporting Psych Stars to explore their interest in psychiatry and in promoting psychiatry as a career choice, through use of a survey for both Psych Stars and mentors.MethodSurveys were sent to all Psych Stars and mentors from the first cohort of the scheme. The mentor and student surveys contained a mixture of ranking, multiple choice, closed-ended and open-ended questions. Questions examined: clarity of the scheme's aims and objectives; benefits of each aspect of the scheme; impact of the scheme on application to Core Training; benefits and barriers to successful mentorship; adequacy of mentor support from the RCPsych and suggestions to improve the scheme.ResultSix Psych Stars and nine mentors completed the respective surveys. All Psych Stars stated the scheme was enjoyable. Five Psych Stars were more likely to apply for Core Training because of the scheme. All Psych Stars identified the most beneficial aspect of the scheme being the funded place at the RCPsych International Congress. Other aspects highly ranked included: funding to explore areas of psychiatry of interest and the opportunity to be an ambassador for psychiatry. All Psych Stars found the mentorship useful.Mentors supported Psych Stars by providing career advice, suggesting relevant conferences to attend and assisting Psych Stars make decisions on how to use their allocated funding. Barriers to mentorship that were identified included: geographical separation, limitations related to the COVID-19 pandemic and lack of time. For mentors, areas for improvement included clearer aims and objectives and more support from the RCPsych.Both mentors and Psych Stars suggested forming a network of Psych Stars and mentors would be useful to share ideas and experiences.ConclusionThis evaluation shows that the Psych Star scheme successfully supports Psych Stars to explore their interest in psychiatry, and promotes psychiatry as a career choice. This survey has been helpful in identifying what aspects of the scheme are particularly attractive, and also, importantly, how the Psych Stars scheme can be improved for future cohorts. The survey will be delivered to all future annual cohorts of Psych Stars and mentors.

This chapter extends the critical analysis of space in Chap. 3 by examining specific sites, beginning with the plan for the rebuilding of Plymouth after bombing in 1941, by Patrick Abercrombie. This produced a modernist city centre using a grid street plan. The plan was progressive in its aim to provide a well-designed space for all social classes, but relied on professional expertise and top-down methods. This approach characterises much in modern urbanism, and shaped debates in the International Congress of Modern Architecture (CIAM), which met in Hoddesdon, England, in 1951. Caught between inter-war modernist planning and post-war humanism, CIAM never resolved the dichotomy.

El II Congreso Internacional de Biorrefinerias y Energias Renovables Soportadas en TIC (BRESICT) abrio sus puertas del 17 al 20 de febrero de 2020 en las instalaciones del Instituto Colombiano del Petroleo (ICP), en Piedecuesta, Santander, a actores del sector academico e industrial, publico y privado. Se reunieron conferencistas invitados, tanto nacionales como internacionales, estudiantes, empresarios, profesores y directivos, con el fin de transferir, desarrollar e identificar soluciones basadas en las capacidades y tecnologias desarrolladas por universidades, industria o gobierno que sean aplicables a los retos y desafios energeticos del pais y globales. Esta version tuvo una asistencia certificada de 150 visitantes entre asistentes y ponentes, provenientes de 13 paises, que tuvieron la oportunidad de participar en las dos principales actividades realizadas durante el congreso: la presentacion de ponencias academicas e industriales y el taller “Identificacion de oportunidades de colaboracion para proyectos de investigacion e innovacion”. Durante los talleres de cocreacion se conto con 64 asistentes, entre investigadores, academicos y empresarios; y surgieron cuatro propuestas de proyectos de investigacion, dos por la mesa de energias renovables y una por las respectivas mesas en Biorrefinerias e Industria 4.0.

This study discusses the importance of networking, venue, and tourism resources of the destination in international convention. This study also considers differences between international and domestic attendees. To clarify the research objective, the questionnaire survey was conducted at the 8th International Congress on Advanced Applied Informatics at Toyama International Conference Center on July 7-12, 2019 and the 13th International Meeting on Electrochromism at Chiba University on Aug 27-31, 2018. The target population in the present study consists of attendees of two international conventions. During the international conventions, researchers collected 237 questionnaires. Totally, the mean score of international attendees is higher than that of domestic attendees, so international attendees are looking forward to having networking, venue and tourism resource in Japan. In the binary regression analysis, there are clear differences between international and domestic attendees in networking. The results of the binary logistic regression analysis show that international attendees regard ‘welcome reception party’, ‘coffee break’, and ‘excursion’ as places where the attendees exchange each other. On the other hand, domestic attendees prefer farewell reception party’ to welcome reception party’, ‘coffee break’, and ‘excursion.

The objective of this paper is to present the results of discussions at a workshop held as part of the International Congress of Radiation Research (Environmental Health stream) in Manchester UK, 2019. The main objective of the workshop was to provide a platform for radioecologists to engage with radiobiologists to address major questions around developing an Ecosystem approach in radioecology and radiation protection of the environment. The aim was to establish a critical framework to guide research that would permit integration of a pan-ecosystem approach into radiation protection guidelines and regulation for the environment. The conclusions were that the interaction between radioecologists and radiobiologists is useful in particular in addressing field versus laboratory issues where there are issues and challenges in designing good field experiments and a need to cross validate field data against laboratory data and vice versa. Other main conclusions were that there is a need to appreciate wider issues in ecology to design good approaches for an ecosystems approach in radioecology and that with the capture of 'Big Data', novel tools such as machine learning can now be applied to help with the complex issues involved in developing an ecosystem approach.

The 2019 European Respiratory Society (ERS) International Congress took place in Madrid, Spain, and served as a platform to find out the latest advances in respiratory diseases research. The research aims are to understand the physiology and consequences of those diseases, as well as the improvement in their diagnoses, treatments and patient care. In particular, the scientific sessions arranged by ERS Assembly 4 provided novel insights into sleep-disordered breathing and new knowledge in respiratory physiology. This article, divided by session, will summarise the most relevant studies presented at the ERS International Congress. Each section has been written by Early Career Members specialising in the different fields of this interdisciplinary assembly., A selection of the best sessions from @ERS_assembly4 at the 2019 #ERSCongress by Early Career @EuroRespSoc members https://bit.ly/3g30X6W

espanolEn este articulo realizamos una revision del uso del concepto de estrategia en las ciencias sociales, en particular en el campo de la etnohistoria andina. Nos centramos en la fase denominada Nueva Etnohistoria (1980-ad), momento de consolidacion transcontinental de este campo interdisciplinar. Las fuentes de informacion empleadas consisten en publicaciones colectivas de relevancia y en documentos ineditos relativos a la organizacion del I Congreso Internacional de Etnohistoria. En base a ellas identificamos los sentidos asociados al concepto de estrategia y reconstruimos los debates que su aplicacion suscito, los cuales estan ligados a problematicas cientificas vigentes. A partir de este recorrido fundamentamos la necesidad de reactualizar la revision critica del concepto bajo analisis. EnglishIn this article we review the use of the concept of strategy in the social sciences in particular in the field of Andean Ethnohistory. We focus on the phase called Nueva Etnohistoria (1980 and later), a moment of transcontinental consolidation of this interdisciplinary field. The sources of information used in this study consist of relevant collective publications and unpublished documents related to the organization of the I International Congress of Ethnohistory. With respect to these, we identify the meanings associated with the concept of strategy and reconstruct the debates that arise in its application, which are linked to current problems in the social sciences. Based on the foregoing, we propose the need to update the critical review of the concept of strategy.

Preface: When it comes to transitions, we usually think of important progressions, momentous historical events, peoples’ unforgettable memories, or significant changes in the individual’s life. More rarely, we refer to the feature of simplicity. The Second International Congress of the Italian Society of Pediatric Psychology, in order to focus on and open a debate about the evolutionary transitions in pediatric conditions, emphasised simplicity as essentiality, repeatability, reproducibility and comprehensibility of these progressions [...].

The European Respiratory Society (ERS) International Congress, the largest respiratory meeting in the world, will take place 7–9 September 2020 in a virtual way. Next to an outstanding scientific programme with novel insights into a broad spectrum of respiratory topics, a comprehensive programme will be offered to Early Career Members (ECMs). ECMs will have access to pre-recorded postgraduate courses, professional development workshops and “Expert view” sessions, which are only a few examples of an excellent educational programme that promotes the exchange of basic and translational science, and clinical knowledge. Alongside this educational programme, the Early Career Members Committee (ECMC) also organises a session dedicated to the professional development of ECMs. This ECM session, will take place on Wednesday morning (9.30–10.30 h in Studio Madrid), 9 September. Useful information about the ERS structure and how to get involved within the ERS will be covered by the co-chair of the ECMC, Maxime Patout. Furthermore, the opportunity of fellowships that allow ECMs to gather experience in another country, to learn new skills and to promote respiratory networks worldwide will be highlighted by Louise E. Donnely (ERS Fellowships and Awards Director), followed by the Mina Gaga lecture given by Chris Burtin, who is the 2020 ECM awardee. The session will be closed by a talk on motivation and leadership in science by ECMC representative Daniela Gompelmann. As clinical and scientific work presents multidisciplinary teamwork, one key to success in science is to develop the ability to inspire, push and motivate the team. As motivational leadership is a true challenge, some motivational techniques that will positively influence the productivity and happiness of the scientific team will be presented., A sneak peek into the @EarlyCareerERS session at #ERSCongress 2020 and the experience of organising an @EuroRespSoc Research Seminar http://bit.ly/39yncgO