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201. Design of a nursing psychoeducation program to reduce preoperative anxiety in adults

Author

Palmira Oliveira, Regina Pires, Rosa Silva, and Carlos Sequeira

Subjects
adult, anxiety, nursing, preoperative period, program development, psychoeducation, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

IntroductionPreoperative anxiety, with its multifactorial origins, affects a wide range of surgical patients, leading to adverse physiological and psychological effects in the perioperative period. Customized, autonomous nursing interventions are needed to address individual person needs. The shift toward outpatient surgery emphasizes the need for restructured nursing approaches. Existing literature suggests that preoperative nursing consultations offer opportunities for assessing needs, providing information, and prescribing anxiety-reduction strategies. Psychoeducation, a specialized skill within mental health and psychiatric nursing, has proven effective in alleviating preoperative anxiety and reducing postoperative complications. The aim is to obtain and analyze the information reflecting nurses’ understanding of the design, structure, and operationalization of a psychoeducation program to reduce preoperative anxiety in adults.MethodsA qualitative, exploratory, descriptive study was conducted. Data were collected through a 90-min focus group session held online via Zoom Meetings videoconferencing platform. Inclusion criteria for the participant’s selection were established. The focus group was guided to deliberate on potential strategies for crafting effective psychoeducational interventions. Data collection ceased upon reaching theoretical saturation and gathered information was submitted for content analysis. Ethical procedures were ensured.ResultsOf the participants, 10 were specialist nurses (7 working in mental health and psychiatric nursing and the remaining in medical-surgical nursing), with an average age of 41 and an average of 15 years working in surgical services. The nurses selected the target population, the structure and content of the psychoeducation sessions, and the resources and addressed the perceived importance, effectiveness, and feasibility of the designed psychoeducation program.DiscussionThe study revealed the nurses’ understanding of the design of a psychoeducation program potentially effective in reducing preoperative anxiety in adults, in an outpatient surgery context. This result will allow the transfer of the produced knowledge to nurses’ professional practice reflecting lower levels of anxiety and promoting a better surgical recovery. This is an unprecedented study conducted in Portugal, adding substantial knowledge to the nursing discipline. However, further research into implementing psychoeducation in a surgical context is suggested aiming to consolidate the results of research already carried out internationally.

Published
2024
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202. Burden and Regional Disparities in the Firearm Mortality Profiles in Brazil: A Systematic Analysis of Findings From the Global Burden of Disease 2019

Author

Paula Protti, MD, Beatriz Remondes Sequeira, MD, Luiza Morais de Oliveira, MD, and Francisco Winter dos Santos Figueiredo, MsC, PhD

Subjects
Criminality, epidemiology, public health, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Introduction: Owing to legislative changes and regional disparities, knowledge of firearm death profile in Brazil is limited, creating a complex situation that requires data to improve the strategies to reduce the burden of this health problem. The aim of this study was to describe the burden of firearm injuries and regional disparities in Brazil, including the characterization of mortality profiles specifically in the year 2019. Method: The researchers extracted secondary data from the Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation, from Global Burden of Disease study, including information on new cases and deaths caused by firearms. They also examined metrics such as incidence, mortality, years of life lost owing to disability, years of life living with disability, and years of life lost owing to premature death. Descriptive statistics (number of deaths and proportion) were performed. Results: The findings reveal that nearly 50,000 firearm-related deaths occurred in Brazil in 2019, corresponding to a rate of 21.6 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants. These deaths collectively contributed to around 3 million years of life lost when adjusted for disability. Notably, there are significant regional disparities, with the Northeast region of Brazil bearing a higher burden of firearm injuries. The study further differentiates mortality profiles on the basis of the type of firearm-related death. Young individuals and young adults experience a higher mortality rate due to homicides. On the other hand, individuals aged ≥70 years are more prone to firearm-related suicides. Conclusions: Firearm injuries in Brazil have distinct mortality profiles. Acknowledging these different profiles is crucial when devising effective public policies to address this issue.

Published
2024
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203. Global maternal mortality projections by urban/rural location and education level: a simulation-based analysisResearch in context

Author

Zachary J. Ward, Rifat Atun, Gary King, Brenda Sequeira Dmello, and Sue J. Goldie

Subjects
Maternal health, Global health, Simulation modelling, Health disparities, Social determinants of health, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Summary: Background: Maternal mortality remains a challenge in global health, with well-known disparities across countries. However, less is known about disparities in maternal health by subgroups within countries. The aim of this study is to estimate maternal health indicators for subgroups of women within each country. Methods: In this simulation-based analysis, we used the empirically calibrated Global Maternal Health (GMatH) microsimulation model to estimate a range of maternal health indicators by subgroup (urban/rural location and level of education) for 200 countries/territories from 1990 to 2050. Education levels were defined as low (less than primary), middle (less than secondary), and high (completed secondary or higher). The model simulates the reproductive lifecycle of each woman, accounting for individual-level factors such as family planning preferences, biological factors (e.g., anemia), and history of maternal complications, and how these factors vary by subgroup. We also estimated the impact of scaling up women's education on projected maternal health outcomes compared to clinical and health system-focused interventions. Findings: We find large subgroup differences in maternal health outcomes, with an estimated global maternal mortality ratio (MMR) in 2022 of 292 (95% UI 250–341) for rural women and 100 (95% UI 84–116) for urban women, and 536 (95% UI 450–594), 143 (95% UI 117–174), and 85 (95% UI 67–108) for low, middle, and high education levels, respectively. Ensuring all women complete secondary school is associated with a large impact on the projected global MMR in 2030 (97 [95% UI 76–120]) compared to current trends (167 [95% UI 142–188]), with especially large improvements in countries such as Afghanistan, Chad, Madagascar, Niger, and Yemen. Interpretation: Substantial subgroup disparities present a challenge for global maternal health and health equity. Outcomes are especially poor for rural women with low education, highlighting the need to ensure that policy interventions adequately address barriers to care in rural areas, and the importance of investing in social determinants of health, such as women's education, in addition to health system interventions to improve maternal health for all women. Funding: John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, 10-97002-000-INP.

Published
2024
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204. The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor paroxetine improves right ventricular systolic function in experimental pulmonary hypertension

Author

Mark T. Waddingham, Hirotsugu Tsuchimochi, Takashi Sonobe, Vasco Sequeira, Md Junayed Nayeem, Mikiyasu Shirai, James T. Pearson, and Takeshi Ogo

Subjects
Pulmonary hypertension, Right ventricular function, Paroxetine, Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, Myofilament protein phosphorylation, G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2), Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) often leads to right ventricle (RV) failure, a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Despite advancements in PH management, progression to RV maladaptation and subsequent failure remain a clinical challenge. This study explored the effect of paroxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), on RV function in a rat model of PH, hypothesizing that it improves RV function by inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) and altering myofilament protein phosphorylation. Methods: The Su5416/hypoxia (SuHx) rat model was used to induce PH. Rats were treated with paroxetine and compared to vehicle-treated and control groups. Parameters measured included RV morphology, systolic and diastolic function, myofilament protein phosphorylation, GRK2 activity, and sympathetic nervous system (SNS) markers. Results: Paroxetine treatment significantly improved RV systolic function, evidenced by increased stroke volume, cardiac output, and ejection fraction, without significantly affecting RV hypertrophy, myosin heavy chain/titin isoform switching, or fibrosis. Enhanced phosphorylation of titin and myosin light chain-2 was observed, correlating positively with improved systolic function. Contrary to the hypothesis, improvements occurred independently of GRK2 inhibition or SNS modulation, suggesting an alternate mechanism, potentially involving antioxidant properties of paroxetine. Conclusion: Paroxetine improves RV systolic function in PH rats, likely through mechanisms beyond GRK2 inhibition, possibly related to its antioxidant effects. This highlights the potential of paroxetine in managing RV dysfunction in PH, warranting further investigation into its detailed mechanisms of action and clinical applicability.

Published
2024
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205. Antidepresivos e interacciones farmacológicas con riesgos de toxicidad serotoninérgica.

Author

Carlos Mario Sequeira Quesada, Edwin Lin Wu Lin Wu, and Allan Lin Wu

Subjects
antidepresivos, síndrome serotoninérgico, toxicidad serotonina, inhibidores selectivos de la recaptación de serotonina, inhibidores de la monoaminooxidasa, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

El síndrome serotoninérgico es una enfermedad potencialmente letal, causada por una actividad excesiva de la serotonina en las sinapsis del sistema nerviosos central y periférico. En la actualidad, hay un aumento en el uso de antidepresivos por los Estados Unidos, lo cual ha contribuido a ser una de las causas más frecuentes de toxicidad y sobredosis, elevando así el riesgo de síndrome serotoninérgico. También, existen varios medicamentos y mecanismos involucrados, las interacciones más comunes son entre antidepresivos inhibidores de la monoaminooxidasa, inhibidores selectivos de receptor de serotonina, e inhibidores de recaptura de serotonina y norepinefrina. En general, los mecanismos alteran el metabolismo, liberación, y activación de receptores de serotonina. Las manifestaciones clínicas suelen ser de hiperactividad autonómica, alteraciones mentales, e hiperactividad muscular, el grado de síntomas varían desde leves, moderadas, y severas; la mayoría son leves y resuelven tras retirar el medicamento o droga serotoninérgica. Mientras tanto, los casos severos son raros y se pueden complicar con inestabilidad hemodinámica, hipertermia, rabdomiólisis, y arritmias; por lo que requiere de tratamiento específico. En comparación a otros criterios, los más específico y sensible son los criterios de Hunter por toxicidad serotoninérgica, sin embargo, esto continua en disputa y sujeto a cambios en el futuro. Aun así, son pocos los casos reportados o reconocidos por el personal de salud. En todo caso, el objetivo de este artículo es resumir la información más reciente acerca de síndrome serotoninérgico, y aportar al clínico las capacidades para diagnosticar, dar tratamiento, y conocimiento para prevenir más casos.

Published
2024
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209. Characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients admitted to hospital with and without respiratory symptoms

Author

Barbara Wanjiru Citarella, Christiana Kartsonaki, Elsa D. Ibáñez-Prada, Bronner P. Gonçalves, Joaquin Baruch, Martina Escher, Mark G. Pritchard, Jia Wei, Fred Philippy, Andrew Dagens, Matthew Hall, James Lee, Demetrios James Kutsogiannis, Evert-Jan Wils, Marília Andreia Fernandes, Bharath Kumar Tirupakuzhi Vijayaraghavan, Prasan Kumar Panda, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Shinichiro Ohshimo, Arie Zainul Fatoni, Peter Horby, Jake Dunning, Jordi Rello, Laura Merson, Amanda Rojek, Michel Vaillant, Piero Olliaro, Luis Felipe Reyes, S.A. Moharam, Sabriya Abdalasalam, Alaa Abdalfattah Abdalhadi, Naana Reyam Abdalla, Walaa Abdalla, Almthani Hamza Abdalrheem, Ashraf Abdalsalam, Saedah Abdeewi, Esraa Hassan Abdelgaum, Mohamed Abdelhalim, Mohammed Abdelkabir, Israa Abdelrahman, Sheryl Ann Abdukahil, Lamees Adil Abdulbaqi, Salaheddin Abdulhamid, Widyan Abdulhamid, Nurul Najmee Abdulkadir, Eman Abdulwahed, Rawad Abdunabi, Ryuzo Abe, Laurent Abel, Ahmed Mohammed Abodina, Amal Abrous, Lara Absil, Kamal Abu Jabal, Nashat Abu Salah, Abdurraouf Abusalama, Tareg Abdallah Abuzaid, Subhash Acharya, Andrew Acker, Elisabeth Adam, Safia Adem, Manuella Ademnou, Francisca Adewhajah, Diana Adrião, Anthony Afum-Adjei Awuah, Melvin Agbogbatey, Saleh Al Ageel, Aya Mustafa Ahmed, Musaab Mohammed Ahmed, Shakeel Ahmed, Zainab Ahmed Alaraji, Abdulrahman Ahmed Elhefnawy Enan, Reham Abdelhamid Ahmed Khalil, Ali Mostafa Ahmed Mohamed Abdelaziz, Kate Ainscough, Eka Airlangga, Tharwat Aisa, Ali Aisha, Bugila Aisha, Ali Ait Hssain, Younes Ait Tamlihat, Takako Akimoto, Ernita Akmal, Chika Akwani, Eman Al Qasim, Ahmed Alajeeli, Ahmed Alali, Razi Alalqam, Aliya Mohammed Alameen, Mohammed Al-Aquily, Zinah A. Alaraji, Khalid Albakry, Safa Albatni, Angela Alberti, Osama Aldabbourosama, Tala Al-dabbous, Amer Aldhalia, Abdulkarim Aldoukali, Senthilkumar Alegesan, Marta Alessi, Beatrice Alex, Kévin Alexandre, Abdulrahman Al-Fares, Asil Alflite, Huda Alfoudri, Qamrah Alhadad, Hoda Salem Alhaddad, Maali Khalid Mohamed Abdalla Alhasan, Ahmad Nabil Alhouri, Hasan Alhouri, Adam Ali, Imran Ali, Maha TagElser Mohammed Ali, Syed Ali Abbas, Yomna Ali Abdelghafar, Naseem Ali Sheikh, Kazali Enagnon Alidjnou, Mahmoud Aljadi, Sarah Aljamal, Mohammed Alkahlout, Akram Alkaseek, Qabas Alkhafajee, Clotilde Allavena, Nathalie Allou, Lana Almasri, Abdulrahman Almjersah, Raja Ahmed Alqandouz, Walaa Alrfaea, Moayad Alrifaee, Rawan Alsaadi, Yousef Al-Saba'a, Entisar Alshareea, Eslam Alshenawy, Aneela Altaf, João Melo Alves, João Alves, Rita Alves, Joana Alves Cabrita, Maria Amaral, Amro Essam Amer, Nur Amira, Amos Amoako Adusei, John Amuasi, Roberto Andini, Claire Andrejak, Andrea Angheben, François Angoulvant, Sophia Ankrah, Séverine Ansart, Sivanesen Anthonidass, Massimo Antonelli, Carlos Alexandre Antunes de Brito, Ardiyan Apriyana, Yaseen Arabi, Irene Aragao, Francisco Arancibia, Carolline Araujo, Antonio Arcadipane, Patrick Archambault, Lukas Arenz, Jean-Benoît Arlet, Christel Arnold-Day, Lovkesh Arora, Rakesh Arora, Elise Artaud-Macari, Diptesh Aryal, Angel Asensio, Elizabeth A. Ashley, Muhammad Ashraf, Muhammad Sheharyar Ashraf, Abir Ben Ashur, Franklin Asiedu-Bekoe, Namra Asif, Mohammad Asim, Grace Assi, Jean Baptiste Assie, Amirul Asyraf, Fouda Atangana, Ahmed Atia, Minahel Atif, Asia Atif Abdelrhman Abdallahrs, Anika Atique, Moad Atlowly, AM Udara Lakshan Attanyake, Johann Auchabie, Hugues Aumaitre, Adrien Auvet, Abdelmalek Awad Ali Mohammed, Eyvind W. Axelsen, Ared Ayad, Ahmed Ayman Hassan Helmi, Laurène Azemar, Mohammed Azizeldin, Cecile Azoulay, Hakeem Babatunde, Benjamin Bach, Delphine Bachelet, Claudine Badr, Roar Bævre-Jensen, Nadia Baig, John Kenneth Baillie, J Kevin Baird, Erica Bak, Agamemnon Bakakos, Nazreen Abu Bakar, Hibah Bileid Bakeer, Ashraf Bakri, Andriy Bal, Mohanaprasanth Balakrishnan, Irene Bandoh, Firouzé Bani-Sadr, Renata Barbalho, Nicholas Yuri Barbosa, Wendy S. Barclay, Saef Umar Barnett, Michaela Barnikel, Helena Barrasa, Cleide Barrigoto, Marie Bartoli, Joaquín Baruch, Romain Basmaci, Muhammad Fadhli Hassin Basri, AbdAlkarim Batool, Denise Battaglini, Jules Bauer, Diego Fernando Bautista Rincon, Denisse Bazan Dow, Abigail Beane, Alexandra Bedossa, Ker Hong Bee, Husna Begum, Sylvie Behilill, Albertus Beishuizen, Aleksandr Beljantsev, David Bellemare, Anna Beltrame, Beatriz Amorim Beltrão, Marine Beluze, Nicolas Benech, Lionel Eric Benjiman, Suzanne Bennett, Luís Bento, Jan-Erik Berdal, Lamis Berdeweel, Delphine Bergeaud, Hazel Bergin, Giulia Bertoli, Lorenzo Bertolino, Simon Bessis, Sybille Bevilcaqua, Karine Bezulier, Amar Bhatt, Krishna Bhavsar, Isabella Bianchi, Claudia Bianco, Sandra Bichoka, Farah Nadiah Bidin, Felwa Bin Humaid, Mohd Nazlin Bin Kamarudin, Muhannud Binnawara, Zeno Bisoffi, Patrick Biston, Laurent Bitker, Mustapha Bittaye, Jonathan Bitton, Pablo Blanco-Schweizer, Catherine Blier, Frank Bloos, Mathieu Blot, Filomena Boccia, Laetitia Bodenes, Debby Bogaert, Anne-Hélène Boivin, Ariel Bolanga, Isabela Bolaños, Pierre-Adrien Bolze, François Bompart, Aurelius Bonifasius, Joe Bonney, Diogo Borges, Raphaël Borie, Hans Martin Bosse, Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers, Lila Bouadma, Olivier Bouchaud, Sabelline Bouchez, Damien Bouhour, Kévin Bouiller, Laurence Bouillet, Camile Bouisse, Latsaniphone Bountthasavong, Anne-Sophie Boureau, John Bourke, Maude Bouscambert, Aurore Bousquet, Marielle Boyer-Besseyre, Maria Boylan, Fernando Augusto Bozza, Axelle Braconnier, Cynthia Braga, Timo Brandenburger, Filipa Brás Monteiro, Luca Brazzi, Dorothy Breen, Patrick Breen, David Brewster, Kathy Brickell, Tessa Broadley, Helen Brotherton, Alex Browne, Nicolas Brozzi, Sonja Hjellegjerde Brunvoll, Marjolein Brusse-Keizer, Petra Bryda, Nina Buchtele, Polina Bugaeva, Marielle Buisson, Danilo Buonsenso, Erlina Burhan, Donald Buri, Aidan Burrell, Ingrid G. Bustos, Denis Butnaru, André Cabie, Susana Cabral, Joana Cabrita, Eder Caceres, Cyril Cadoz, Rui Caetano Garcês, Kate Calligy, Jose Andres Calvache, João Camões, Valentine Campana, Paul Campbell, Josie Campisi, Cecilia Canepa, Mireia Cantero, Janice Caoili, Pauline Caraux-Paz, Sheila Cárcel, Filipa Cardoso, Filipe Cardoso, Nelson Cardoso, Sofia Cardoso, Simone Carelli, Nicolas Carlier, Thierry Carmoi, Gayle Carney, Inês Carqueja, Marie-Christine Carret, François Martin Carrier, Ida Carroll, Gail Carson, Maire-Laure Casanova, Mariana Cascão, Siobhan Casey, José Casimiro, Bailey Cassandra, Silvia Castañeda, Nidyanara Castanheira, Guylaine Castor-Alexandre, Ivo Castro, Ana Catarino, François-Xavier Catherine, Paolo Cattaneo, Roberta Cavalin, Giulio Giovanni Cavalli, Alexandros Cavayas, Adrian Ceccato, Masaneh Ceesay, Shelby Cerkovnik, Minerva Cervantes-Gonzalez, Muge Cevik, Anissa Chair, Catherine Chakveatze, Adrienne Chan, Meera Chand, Jean-Marc Chapplain, Charlotte Charpentier, Julie Chas, Muhammad Mobin Chaudry, Jonathan Samuel Chávez Iñiguez, Anjellica Chen, Yih-Sharng Chen, Léo Chenard, Matthew Pellan Cheng, Antoine Cheret, Thibault Chiarabini, Julian Chica, Suresh Kumar Chidambaram, Leong Chin Tho, Catherine Chirouze, Davide Chiumello, Sung-Min Cho, Bernard Cholley, Danoy Chommanam, Marie-Charlotte Chopin, Yock Ping Chow, Ting Soo Chow, Nathaniel Christy, Hiu Jian Chua, Jonathan Chua, Jose Pedro Cidade, José Miguel Cisneros Herreros, Anna Ciullo, Jennifer Clarke, Rolando Claure-Del Granado, Sara Clohisey, Cassidy Codan, Caitriona Cody, Jennifer Coles, Megan Coles, Gwenhaël Colin, Michael Collins, Pamela Combs, Jennifer Connolly, Marie Connor, Anne Conrad, Elaine Conway, Graham S. Cooke, Hugues Cordel, Amanda Corley, Sabine Cornelis, Alexander Daniel Cornet, Arianne Joy Corpuz, Andrea Cortegiani, Grégory Corvaisier, Camille Couffignal, Sandrine Couffin-Cadiergues, Roxane Courtois, Stéphanie Cousse, Juthaporn Cowan, Rachel Cregan, Gloria Crowl, Jonathan Crump, Claudina Cruz, Marc Csete, Ailbhe Cullen, Matthew Cummings, Gerard Curley, Elodie Curlier, Colleen Curran, Paula Custodio, Ana da Silva Filipe, Charlene Da Silveira, Al-Awwab Dabaliz, John Arne Dahl, Darren Dahly, Umberto D'Alessandro, Peter Daley, Zaina Dalloul, Heidi Dalton, Jo Dalton, Seamus Daly, Juliana Damas, Joycelyn Dame, Cammandji Damien, Nick Daneman, Jorge Dantas, Frédérick D'Aragon, Gillian de Loughry, Diego de Mendoza, Etienne De Montmollin, Rafael Freitas de Oliveira França, Ana Isabel de Pinho Oliveira, Rosanna De Rosa, Cristina De Rose, Thushan de Silva, Peter de Vries, Jillian Deacon, David Dean, Alexa Debard, Bianca DeBenedictis, Marie-Pierre Debray, Nathalie DeCastro, William Dechert, Romain Decours, Eve Defous, Isabelle Delacroix, Alexandre Delamou, Eric Delaveuve, Karen Delavigne, Nathalie M. Delfos, Ionna Deligiannis, Andrea Dell'Amore, Christelle Delmas, Pierre Delobel, Corine Delsing, Elisa Demonchy, Emmanuelle Denis, Dominique Deplanque, Pieter Depuydt, Diane Descamps, Mathilde Desvallées, Santi Dewayanti, Pathik Dhangar, Alpha Diallo, Souleymane Taran Diallo, Sylvain Diamantis, André Dias, Fernanda Dias Da Silva, Rodrigo Diaz, Juan Jose Diaz, Priscila Diaz, Bakary K. Dibba, Kévin Didier, Jean-Luc Diehl, Wim Dieperink, Jérôme Dimet, Vincent Dinot, Fara Diop, Alphonsine Diouf, Yael Dishon, Cedric Djadda, Félix Djossou, Annemarie B. Docherty, Helen Doherty, Arjen M. Dondorp, Christl A. Donnelly, Yoann Donohue, Sean Donohue, Peter Doran, Céline Dorival, Eric D'Ortenzio, Yash Doshi, Phouvieng Douangdala, James Joshua Douglas, Renee Douma, Nathalie Dournon, Joanne Downey, Mark Downing, Thomas Drake, Aoife Driscoll, Ibrahim Kwaku Duah, Claudio Duarte Fonseca, Vincent Dubee, François Dubos, Audrey Dubot-Pérès, Alexandre Ducancelle, Toni Duculan, Susanne Dudman, Abhijit Duggal, Paul Dunand, Mathilde Duplaix, Emanuele Durante-Mangoni, Lucian Durham, III, Bertrand Dussol, Juliette Duthoit, Xavier Duval, Anne Margarita Dyrhol-Riise, Sim Choon Ean, Ada Ebo, Marco Echeverria-Villalobos, Michael Edelstein, Siobhan Egan, Linn Margrete Eggesbø, Khadeja Ehzaz, Carla Eira, Mohammed El Sanharawi, Marwan El Sayed, Mohammed Elabid, Mohamed Bashir Elagili, Subbarao Elapavaluru, Mohammad Elbahnasawy, Sohail Elboshra, Brigitte Elharrar, Jacobien Ellerbroek, Merete Ellingjord-Dale, Hamida ELMagrahi, Mohammad Muatasm Elmubark, Loubna Elotmani, Lauren Eloundou, Philippine Eloy, Basma Elshaikhy, Tarek Elshazly, Wafa Elsokni, Aml Ahmed Eltayeb, Iqbal Elyazar, Zarief Kamel Emad, Hussein Embarek, Isabelle Enderle, Tomoyuki Endo, Gervais Eneli, Chan Chee Eng, Ilka Engelmann, Vincent Enouf, Olivier Epaulard, Haneen Esaadi, Mariano Esperatti, Hélène Esperou, Catarina Espírito Santo, Marina Esposito-Farese, Rachel Essaka, Lorinda Essuman, João Estevão, Manuel Etienne, Anna Greti Everding, Mirjam Evers, Isabelle Fabre, Marc Fabre, Ismaila Fadera, Asgad Osman Abdalla Fadlalla, Amna Faheem, Arabella Fahy, Cameron J. Fairfield, Zul Fakar, Komal Fareed, Pedro Faria, Ahmed Farooq, Hanan Fateena, Mohamed Fathi, Salem Fatima, Karine Faure, Raphaël Favory, Mohamed Fayed, Niamh Feely, Jorge Fernandes, Susana Fernandes, François-Xavier Ferrand, Eglantine Ferrand Devouge, Joana Ferrão, Mário Ferraz, Benigno Ferreira, Isabel Ferreira, Bernardo Ferreira, Sílvia Ferreira, Nicolas Ferriere, Céline Ficko, Claudia Figueiredo-Mello, William Finlayson, Thomas Flament, Tom Fletcher, Aline-Marie Florence, Letizia Lucia Florio, Brigid Flynn, Deirdre Flynn, Jean Foley, Victor Fomin, Tatiana Fonseca, Patricia Fontela, Karen Forrest, Simon Forsyth, Denise Foster, Giuseppe Foti, Berline Fotso, Erwan Fourn, Robert A. Fowler, Marianne Fraher, Diego Franch-Llasat, Christophe Fraser, John F. Fraser, Marcela Vieira Freire, Ana Freitas Ribeiro, Craig French, Caren Friedrich, Ricardo Fritz, Stéphanie Fry, Nora Fuentes, Masahiro Fukuda, G. Argin, Valérie Gaborieau, Rostane Gaci, Massimo Gagliardi, Jean-Charles Gagnard, Amandine Gagneux-Brunon, Abdou Gai, Sérgio Gaião, Linda Gail Skeie, Adham Mohamed Galal Mohamed Ramadan, Phil Gallagher, Carrol Gamble, Yasmin Gani, Arthur Garan, Rebekha Garcia, Julia Garcia-Diaz, Esteban Garcia-Gallo, Navya Garimella, Denis Garot, Valérie Garrait, Basanta Gauli, Anatoliy Gavrylov, Alexandre Gaymard, Johannes Gebauer, Eva Geraud, Louis Gerbaud Morlaes, Nuno Germano, Malak Ghemmeid, Praveen Kumar Ghisulal, Jade Ghosn, Marco Giani, Tristan Gigante, Elaine Gilroy, Guillermo Giordano, Michelle Girvan, Valérie Gissot, Gezy Giwangkancana, Daniel Glikman, Petr Glybochko, Eric Gnall, Geraldine Goco, François Goehringer, Siri Goepel, Jean-Christophe Goffard, Jin Yi Goh, Brigitta Golács, Jonathan Golob, Kyle Gomez, Joan Gómez-Junyent, Marie Gominet, Alicia Gonzalez, Patricia Gordon, Isabelle Gorenne, Laure Goubert, Cécile Goujard, Tiphaine Goulenok, Margarite Grable, Jeronimo Graf, Edward Wilson Grandin, Pascal Granier, Giacomo Grasselli, Lorenzo Grazioli, Christopher A. Green, Courtney Greene, William Greenhalf, Segolène Greffe, Domenico Luca Grieco, Matthew Griffee, Fiona Griffiths, Ioana Grigoras, Albert Groenendijk, Fassou Mathias Grovogui, Heidi Gruner, Yusing Gu, Jérémie Guedj, Martin Guego, Anne-Marie Guerguerian, Daniela Guerreiro, Romain Guery, Anne Guillaumot, Laurent Guilleminault, Maisa Guimarães de Castro, Thomas Guimard, Marieke Haalboom, Daniel Haber, Ali Hachemi, Abdurrahman Haddud, Nadir Hadri, Wael Hafez, Fakhir Raza Haidri, Fatima Mhd Rida Hajij, Sheeba Hakak, Adam Hall, Sophie Halpin, Shaher Hamdan, Abdelhafeez Hamdi, Jawad Hameed, Ansley Hamer, Raph L. Hamers, Rebecca Hamidfar, Bato Hammarström, Naomi Hammond, Terese Hammond, Lim Yuen Han, Matly Hanan, Rashan Haniffa, Kok Wei Hao, Hayley Hardwick, Ewen M. Harrison, Janet Harrison, Samuel Bernard Ekow Harrison, Alan Hartman, Sulieman Hasan, Mohammad Ali Nabil Hasan, Mohd Shahnaz Hasan, Junaid Hashmi, Madiha Hashmi, Amoni Hassan, Ebtisam Hassanin, Muhammad Hayat, Ailbhe Hayes, Leanne Hays, Jan Heerman, Lars Heggelund, Ahmed Helmi, Ross Hendry, Martina Hennessy, Aquiles Rodrigo Henriquez-Trujillo, Maxime Hentzien, Diana Hernandez, Andrew Hershey, Liv Hesstvedt, Astarini Hidayah, Eibhlin Higgins, Rupert Higgins, Samuel Hinton, Hiroaki Hiraiwa, Haider Hirkani, Hikombo Hitoto, Antonia Ho, Yi Bin Ho, Alexandre Hoctin, Isabelle Hoffmann, Wei Han Hoh, Oscar Hoiting, Rebecca Holt, Jan Cato Holter, Juan Pablo Horcajada, Ikram Houas, Mabrouka Houderi, Catherine L. Hough, Stuart Houltham, Jimmy Ming-Yang Hsu, Jean-Sébastien Hulot, Abby Hurd, Iqbal Hussain, Aliae Mohamed Hussein, Mahmood Hussein, Fatima Ibrahim, Bashir Ibran, Samreen Ijaz, M. Arfan Ikram, Carlos Cañada Illana, Patrick Imbert, Muhammad Imran Ansari, Rana Imran Sikander, Hugo Inácio, Carmen Infante Dominguez, Yun Sii Ing, Mariachiara Ippolito, Vera Irawany, Sarah Isgett, Tiago Isidoro, Nadiah Ismail, Margaux Isnard, Mette Stausland Istre, Junji Itai, Daniel Ivulich, Danielle Jaafar, Salma Jaafoura, Hamza Jaber, Julien Jabot, Clare Jackson, Abubacarr Jagne, Stéphane Jaureguiberry, Denise Jaworsky, Florence Jego, Anilawati Mat Jelani, Synne Jenum, Ruth Jimbo-Sotomayor, Ong Yiaw Joe, Ruth Noemí Jorge García, Silje Bakken Jørgensen, Cédric Joseph, Mark Joseph, Swosti Joshi, Mercé Jourdain, Philippe Jouvet, Anna Jung, Hanna Jung, Dafsah Juzar, Ouifiya Kafif, Florentia Kaguelidou, Neerusha Kaisbain, Thavamany Kaleesvran, Sabina Kali, Karl Trygve Kalleberg, Smaragdi Kalomoiri, Muhammad Aisar Ayadi Kamaluddin, Armand Saloun Kamano, Zul Amali Che Kamaruddin, Nadiah Kamarudin, Kavita Kamineni, Darshana Hewa Kandamby, Kong Yeow Kang, Darakhshan Kanwal, Dyah Kanyawati, Mohamed Karghul, Pratap Karpayah, Todd Karsies, Daisuke Kasugai, Kevin Katz, Christy Kay, Lamees Kayyali, Seán Keating, Pulak Kedia, Andrea Kelly, Aoife Kelly, Claire Kelly, Niamh Kelly, Sadie Kelly, Yvelynne Kelly, Maeve Kelsey, Kalynn Kennon, Sommay Keomany, Maeve Kernan, Younes Kerroumi, Sharma Keshav, Shams Khail, Sarah Khaled, Imrana Khalid, Antoine Khalil, Irfan Khan, Quratul Ain Khan, Sushil Khanal, Abid Khatak, Krish Kherajani, Michelle E. Kho, Denisa Khoo, Ryan Khoo, Saye Khoo, Muhammad Nasir Khoso, Amin Khuwaja, Khor How Kiat, Yuri Kida, Peter Kiiza, Beathe Kiland Granerud, Anders Benjamin Kildal, Jae Burm Kim, Antoine Kimmoun, Detlef Kindgen-Milles, Nobuya Kitamura, Eyrun Floerecke Kjetland Kjetland, Paul Klenerman, Rob Klont, Gry Kloumann Bekken, Stephen R. Knight, Robin Kobbe, Paa Kobina Forson, Chamira Kodippily, Malte Kohns Vasconcelos, Sabin Koirala, Mamoru Komatsu, Franklina Korkor Abebrese, Volkan Korten, Stephanie Kouba, Mohamed Lamine Kourouma, Karifa Kourouma, Arsène Kpangon, Karolina Krawczyk, Ali Kredan, Vinothini Krishnan, Sudhir Krishnan, Oksana Kruglova, Anneli Krund, Pei Xuan Kuan, Ashok Kumar, Deepali Kumar, Ganesh Kumar, Mukesh Kumar, Dinesh Kuriakose, Ethan Kurtzman, Demetrios Kutsogiannis, Galyna Kutsyna, Ama Kwakyewaa Bedu-Addo, Sylvie Kwedi, Konstantinos Kyriakoulis, Marie Lachatre, Marie Lacoste, John G. Laffey, Nadhem Lafhej, Marie Lagrange, Fabrice Laine, Olivier Lairez, Sanjay Lakhey, Marc Lambert, François Lamontagne, Marie Langelot-Richard, Vincent Langlois, Eka Yudha Lantang, Marina Lanza, Cédric Laouénan, Samira Laribi, Delphine Lariviere, Stéphane Lasry, Sakshi Lath, Naveed Latif, Youssef Latifeh, Odile Launay, Didier Laureillard, Yoan Lavie-Badie, Andy Law, Cassie Lawrence, Teresa Lawrence, Minh Le, Clément Le Bihan, Cyril Le Bris, Georges Le Falher, Lucie Le Fevre, Quentin Le Hingrat, Marion Le Maréchal, Soizic Le Mestre, Gwenaël Le Moal, Vincent Le Moing, Hervé Le Nagard, Ema Leal, Marta Leal Santos, Biing Horng Lee, Heng Gee Lee, Su Hwan Lee, Jennifer Lee, Todd C. Lee, Yi Lin Lee, Gary Leeming, Bénédicte Lefebvre, Laurent Lefebvre, Benjamin Lefèvre, Sylvie LeGac, Merili-Helen Lehiste, Jean-Daniel Lelievre, François Lellouche, Adrien Lemaignen, Véronique Lemee, Anthony Lemeur, Gretchen Lemmink, Ha Sha Lene, Jenny Lennon, Rafael León, Marc Leone, Tanel Lepik, Quentin Lepiller, François-Xavier Lescure, Olivier Lesens, Mathieu Lesouhaitier, Amy Lester-Grant, Andrew Letizia, Sophie Letrou, Bruno Levy, Yves Levy, Claire Levy-Marchal, Katarzyna Lewandowska, Erwan L'Her, Gianluigi Li Bassi, Janet Liang, Ali Liaquat, Geoffrey Liegeon, Kah Chuan Lim, Wei Shen Lim, Chantre Lima, Bruno Lina, Lim Lina, Andreas Lind, Maja Katherine Lingad, Guillaume Lingas, Sylvie Lion-Daolio, Keibun Liu, Marine Livrozet, Patricia Lizotte, Antonio Loforte, Navy Lolong, Leong Chee Loon, Diogo Lopes, Dalia Lopez-Colon, Anthony L. Loschner, Paul Loubet, Bouchra Loufti, Guillame Louis, Silvia Lourenco, Lara Lovelace-Macon, Lee Lee Low, Marije Lowik, Jia Shyi Loy, Jean Christophe Lucet, Carlos M. Luna, Olguta Lungu, Miles Lunn, Liem Luong, Nestor Luque, Dominique Luton, Olavi Maasikas, Moïse Machado, Sara Machado, Gabriel Macheda, Mustafa Magzoub, Rafael Mahieu, Sophie Mahy, Ana Raquel Maia, Lars S. Maier, Oumou Maiga Ascofare, Mylène Maillet, Thomas Maitre, Nimisha Abdul Majeed, Maximilian Malfertheiner, Nadia Malik, Paddy Mallon, Fernando Maltez, Denis Malvy, Victoria Manda, Laurent Mandelbrot, Frank Manetta, Julie Mankikian, Edmund Manning, Aldric Manuel, Veronika Maráczi, Ceila Maria Sant′Ana Malaque, Flávio Marino, Samuel Markowicz, Ana Marques, Catherine Marquis, Laura Marsh, Brian Marsh, Megan Marshal, John Marshall, Celina Turchi Martelli, Dori-Ann Martin, Emily Martin, Guillaume Martin-Blondel, Alessandra Martinelli, F. Eduardo Martinez, Martin Martinot, Alejandro Martín-Quiros, Ana Martins, João Martins, Nuno Martins, Caroline Martins Rego, Gennaro Martucci, Olga Martynenko, Eva Miranda Marwali, Marsilla Marzukie, David Maslove, Sabina Mason, Sobia Masood, Fatma Masoud, Moise Massoma, Palmer Masumbe, Mohd Basri Mat Nor, Moshe Matan, Henrique Mateus Fernandes, Meghena Mathew, Christina Mathew, Mathieu Mattei, Laurence Maulin, Juergen May, Javier Maynar, Mayfong Mayxay, Thierry Mazzoni, Lisa Mc Sweeney, Colin McArthur, Naina McCann, Peter McCanny, Aine McCarthy, Anne McCarthy, Colin McCloskey, Rachael McConnochie, Sherry McDermott, Sarah E. McDonald, Aine McElroy, Samuel McElwee, Natalie McEvoy, Allison McGeer, Kenneth A. McLean, Paul McNally, Bairbre McNicholas, Edel Meaney, Cécile Mear-Passard, Maggie Mechlin, Nastia Medombou, Omar Mehkri, Ferruccio Mele, Luis Melo, Kashif Ali Memon, João João Mendes, Ogechukwu Menkiti, Kusum Menon, France Mentré, Alexander J. Mentzer, Emmanuelle Mercier, Noémie Mercier, Antoine Merckx, Mayka Mergeay-Fabre, Blake Mergler, António Mesquita, Roberta Meta, Osama Metwally, Agnès Meybeck, Dan Meyer, Alison M. Meynert, Vanina Meysonnier, Mehdi Mezidi, Céline Michelanglei, Isabelle Michelet, Efstathia Mihelis, Vladislav Mihnovit, Duha Milad Abdullah, Jennene Miller, Hugo Miranda-Maldonado, Nor Arisah Misnan, Nik Nur Eliza Mohamed, Nouralsabah Mohamed, Tahira Jamal Mohamed, Alaa Mohamed Ads, Ahmed Reda Mohamed Elsayed Abdelhalim, Libya Mohammed, Shrouk Fawze Mohammed Mostafa, Manahil Omer Abdelrahman Mohammedahmed, Omer Abdullah Mohammedelhassan, Asma Moin, Walaa Mokhtar, Elena Molinos, Brenda Molloy, Mary Mone, Agostinho Monteiro, Claudia Montes, Giorgia Montrucchio, Sarah Moore, Shona C. Moore, Lina Morales Cely, Marwa Morgom, Lucia Moro, Catherine Motherway, Ana Motos, Hugo Mouquet, Clara Mouton Perrot, Julien Moyet, Suleiman Haitham Mualla, Mohamed Muftah, Aisha Kalsoom Mufti, Ng Yong Muh, Mo'nes Muhaisen, Dzawani Muhamad, Jimmy Mullaert, Fredrik Müller, Karl Erik Müller, Daniel Munblit, Syed Muneeb Ali, Nadeem Munir, Laveena Munshi, Aisling Murphy, Patrick Murray, Marlène Murris, Srinivas Murthy, Himed Musaab, Alamin Mustafa, Mus'ab Mustafa, Dana Mustafa, Himasha Muvindi, Dimitra Melia Myrodia, Farah Nadia Mohd-Hanafiah, Behzad Nadjm, Dave Nagpal, Alex Nagrebetsky, Blanka Nagybányai-Nagy, Herwin Nanda Boudoin, Mangala Narasimhan, Nageswaran Narayanan, Prashant Nasa, Rashid Nasim Khan, Ahmad Nasrallah, Adel Gerges Nassif Metri, Alasdair Nazerali-Maitland, Nadège Neant, Holger Neb, Nikita Nekliudov, Matthew Nelder, Erni Nelwan, Raul Neto, Emily Neumann, Wing Yiu Ng, Pauline Yeung Ng, Anthony Nghi, Duc Nguyen, Orna Ni Choileain, Niamh Ni Leathlobhair, Nerissa Niba, Alistair D. Nichol, Prompak Nitayavardhana, Stephanie Nonas, Nurul Amani Mohd Noordin, Nurul Faten Izzati Norharizam, Anita North, Alessandra Notari, Mahdad Noursadeghi, Adam Nowinski, Saad Nseir, Leonard Numfor, Nurnaningsih Nurnaningsih, Dwi Utomo Nusantara, Elsa Nyamankolly, Anders Benteson Nygaard, Fionnuala O. Brien, Annmarie O. Callaghan, Annmarie O'Callaghan, Giovanna Occhipinti, Derbrenn OConnor, Max O'Donnell, Lawrence Ofori-Boadu, Tawnya Ogston, Takayuki Ogura, Tak-Hyuk Oh, Sophie O'Halloran, Katie O'Hearn, Sally-Ann Ohene, João Oliveira, Larissa Oliveira, Piero L. Olliaro, Cinderella Omar Rageh Elnaggar, Alsarrah Ali Mohammed Omer, Pierre Ondobo, David S.Y. Ong, Jee Yan Ong, Wilna Oosthuyzen, Anne Opavsky, Peter Openshaw, Saijad Orakzai, Claudia Milena Orozco-Chamorro, Jamel Ortoleva, Mohamed Osama Elsayed Soliman, Javier Osatnik, Linda O'Shea, Miriam O'Sullivan, Eman Othman, Siti Zubaidah Othman, Nadia Ouamara, Rachida Ouissa, Micheal Owusu, Ama Akyampomaa Owusu-Asare, Eric Oziol, Maïder Pagadoy, Justine Pages, Amanda Palacios, Massimo Palmarini, Giovanna Panarello, Hem Paneru, Lai Hui Pang, Mauro Panigada, Nathalie Pansu, Aurélie Papadopoulos, Rachael Parke, Melissa Parker, Jérémie Pasquier, Bruno Pastene, Fabian Patauner, Drashti Patel, Mohan Dass Pathmanathan, Luís Patrão, Patricia Patricio, Lisa Patterson, Rajyabardhan Pattnaik, Christelle Paul, Mical Paul, Jorge Paulos, William A. Paxton, Jean-François Payen, Sandra L. Peake, Kalaiarasu Peariasamy, Giles J. Peek, Florent Peelman, Nathan Peiffer-Smadja, Vincent Peigne, Mare Pejkovska, Paolo Pelosi, Ithan D. Peltan, Rui Pereira, Daniel Perez, Thomas Perpoint, Antonio Pesenti, Vincent Pestre, Lenka Petrou, Michele Petrovic, Ventzislava Petrov-Sanchez, Frank Olav Pettersen, Gilles Peytavin, Richard Odame Philips, Ooyanong Phonemixay, Soulichanya Phoutthavong, Michael Piagnerelli, Walter Picard, Olivier Picone, Maria de Piero, Djura Piersma, Carlos Pimentel, Raquel Pinto, Catarina Pires, Lionel Piroth, Ayodhia Pitaloka, Chiara Piubelli, Riinu Pius, Simone Piva, Laurent Plantier, Hon Shen Png, Julien Poissy, Ryadh Pokeerbux, Sergio Poli, Georgios Pollakis, Diane Ponscarme, Diego Bastos Porto, Andra-Maris Post, Douwe F. Postma, Pedro Povoa, Diana Póvoas, Jeff Powis, Sofia Prapa, Viladeth Praphasiri, Sébastien Preau, Christian Prebensen, Jean-Charles Preiser, Anton Prinssen, Gamage Dona Dilanthi Priyadarshani, Lucia Proença, Sravya Pudota, Bambang Pujo Semedi, Mathew Pulicken, Peter Puplampu, Gregory Purcell, Luisa Quesada, Vilmaris Quinones-Cardona, Else Quist-Paulsen, Mohammed Quraishi, Fadi Qutishat, Maia Rabaa, Christian Rabaud, Ebenezer Rabindrarajan, Aldo Rafael, Marie Rafiq, Abdelrahman Ragab, Mutia Rahardjani, Arslan Rahat Ullah, Ahmad Kashfi Haji Ab Rahman, Rozanah Abd Rahman, Fernando Rainieri, Giri Shan Rajahram, Pratheema Ramachandran, Nagarajan Ramakrishnan, José Ramalho, Ahmad Afiq Ramli, Blandine Rammaert, Grazielle Viana Ramos, Asim Rana, Rajavardhan Rangappa, Ritika Ranjan, Christophe Rapp, Aasiyah Rashan, Thalha Rashan, Ghulam Rasheed, Menaldi Rasmin, Indrek Rätsep, Cornelius Rau, Tharmini Ravi, Ali Raza, Andre Real, Stanislas Rebaudet, Sarah Redl, Brenda Reeve, Attaur Rehman, Muhammad Osama Rehman Khalid, Dag Henrik Reikvam, Renato Reis, Jonathan Remppis, Martine Remy, Hongru Ren, Hanna Renk, Anne-Sophie Resseguier, Matthieu Revest, Oleksa Rewa, Maria Ines Ribeiro, Antonia Ricchiuto, David Richardson, Denise Richardson, Laurent Richier, Siti Nurul Atikah Ahmad Ridzuan, Ana L. Rios, Asgar Rishu, Patrick Rispal, Karine Risso, Maria Angelica Rivera Nuñez, Chiara Robba, André Roberto, Stephanie Roberts, Charles Roberts, David L. Robertson, Olivier Robineau, Anna Roca, Ferran Roche-Campo, Paola Rodari, Simão Rodeia, Bernhard Roessler, Claire Roger, Pierre-Marie Roger, Roberto Roncon-Albuquerque, Jr., Mélanie Roriz, Manuel Rosa-Calatrava, Michael Rose, Dorothea Rosenberger, Andrea Rossanese, Matteo Rossetti, Patrick Rossignol, Carine Roy, Benoît Roze, Desy Rusmawatiningtyas, Clark D. Russell, Maeve Ryan, Steffi Ryckaert, Aleksander Rygh Holten, Isabela Saba, Sairah Sadaf, Musharaf Sadat, Valla Sahraei, Abdurraouf Said, Nadia Saidani, Pranya Sakiyalak, Fodé Bangaly Sako, Moamen Salah, Ali Alaa Salah Eldin Mohamed Abbas, Nawal Salahuddin, Leonardo Salazar, Jodat Saleem, Mohammed Saleh Alyasiri, Talat Ahmed Abu Salem, Gabriele Sales, Charlotte Salmon Gandonniere, Hélène Salvator, Dana Samardali, Shaden Samardali, Yehia Samir Shaaban Aly Orabi, Emely Sanchez, Olivier Sanchez, Kizy Sanchez de Oliveira, Angel Sanchez-Miralles, Vanessa Sancho-Shimizu, Gyan Sandhu, Zulfiqar Sandhu, Pierre-François Sandrine, Oana Săndulescu, Marlene Santos, Shirley Sarfo-Mensah, Bruno Sarmento Banheiro, Iam Claire E. Sarmiento, Benjamine Sarton, Ankana Satya, Sree Satyapriya, Rumaisah Satyawati, Egle Saviciute, Yen Tsen Saw, Justin Schaffer, Tjard Schermer, Arnaud Scherpereel, Marion Schneider, János Schnur, Stephan Schroll, Michael Schwameis, Gary Schwartz, Janet T. Scott, James Scott-Brown, Nicholas Sedillot, Tamara Seitz, Jaganathan Selvanayagam, Mageswari Selvarajoo, Malcolm G. Semple, Rasidah Bt Senian, Eric Senneville, Claudia Sepulveda, Filipa Sequeira, Tânia Sequeira, Ary Serpa Neto, Ellen Shadowitz, Syamin Asyraf Shahidan, Hamza Shahla, Laila Shalabi, Haitam Shames, Anuraj Shankar, Shaikh Sharjeel, Pratima Sharma, Catherine A. Shaw, Victoria Shaw, John Robert Sheenan, Dr. Rajesh Mohan Shetty, Rohan Shetty, Mohiuddin Shiekh, Nobuaki Shime, Keiki Shimizu, Sally Shrapnel, Shubha Kalyan Shrestha, Pramesh Sundar Shrestha, Hoi Ping Shum, Nassima Si Mohammed, Ng Yong Siang, Moses Siaw-Frimpong, Jeanne Sibiude, Bountoy Sibounheuang, Nidhal Siddig, Atif Siddiqui, Maqsood Ahmed Siddiqui, Louise Sigfrid, Fatoumata Sillah, Piret Sillaots, Catarina Silva, Maria Joao Silva, Rogério Silva, Benedict Sim Lim Heng, Wai Ching Sin, Dario Sinatti, Mahendra Singh, Punam Singh, Pompini Agustina Sitompul, Karisha Sivam, Vegard Skogen, Sue Smith, Benjamin Smood, Coilin Smyth, Morgane Snacken, Dominic So, Tze Vee Soh, Lene Bergendal Solberg, Joshua Solomon, Tom Solomon, Emily Somers, Agnès Sommet, Myung Jin Song, Rima Song, Tae Song, Jack Song Chia, Arne Søraas, Albert Sotto, Edouard Soum, Ana Chora Sousa, Marta Sousa, Maria Sousa Uva, Vicente Souza-Dantas, Mamadou Saliou Sow, Alexandra Sperry, Elisabetta Spinuzza, B. P. Sanka Ruwan Sri Darshana, Shiranee Sriskandan, Sarah Stabler, Thomas Staudinger, Stephanie-Susanne Stecher, Trude Steinsvik, Ymkje Stienstra, Birgitte Stiksrud, Eva Stolz, Amy Stone, Anca Streinu-Cercel, Adrian Streinu-Cercel, Geoff Strong, Ami Stuart, David Stuart, Richa Su, Decy Subekti, Gabriel Suen, Jacky Y. Suen, Prasanth Sukumar, Asfia Sultana, Charlotte Summers, Dubravka Supic, Deepashankari Suppiah, Magdalena Surovcová, Atie Suwarti, Andrey Svistunov, Sarah Syahrin, Augustina Sylverken, Konstantinos Syrigos, Jaques Sztajnbok, Konstanty Szuldrzynski, Shirin Tabrizi, Fabio S. Taccone, Lysa Tagherset, Shahdattul Mawarni Taib, Sara Taleb, Cheikh Talla, Jelmer Talsma, Renaud Tamisier, Maria Lawrensia Tampubolon, Kim Keat Tan, Yan Chyi Tan, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Taku Tanaka, Hayato Taniguchi, Huda Taqdees, Arshad Taqi, Coralie Tardivon, Yousef Tarek Kamal Mostafa, Ali Tarhabat, Pierre Tattevin, M Azhari Taufik, Hassan Tawfik, Tze Yuan Tee, João Teixeira, Sofia Tejada, Marie-Capucine Tellier, Sze Kye Teoh, Vanessa Teotonio, François Téoulé, Olivier Terrier, Nicolas Terzi, Hubert Tessier-Grenier, Adrian Tey, Alif Adlan Mohd Thabit, Anand Thakur, Zhang Duan Tham, Suvintheran Thangavelu, Elmi Theron, Vincent Thibault, Simon-Djamel Thiberville, Benoît Thill, Jananee Thirumanickam, Niamh Thompson, Shaun Thompson, Emma C. Thomson, David Thomson, Mathew Thorpe, Surain Raaj Thanga Thurai, Ryan S. Thwaites, Paul Tierney, Vadim Tieroshyn, Peter S. Timashev, Jean-François Timsit, Noémie Tissot, Fiona Toal, Jordan Zhien Yang Toh, Maria Toki, Kristian Tonby, Sia Loong Tonnii, Marta Torre, Antoni Torres, Margarida Torres, Rosario Maria Torres Santos-Olmo, Hernando Torres-Zevallos, Aboubacar Tounkara, Michael Towers, Fodé Amara Traoré, Tony Trapani, Cécile Tromeur, Ioannis Trontzas, Tiffany Trouillon, Jeanne Truong, Christelle Tual, Sarah Tubiana, Helen Tuite, Alexis F. Turgeon, Jean-Marie Turmel, Lance C.W. Turtle, Anders Tveita, Pawel Twardowski, Makoto Uchiyama, PG Ishara Udayanga, Andrew Udy, Roman Ullrich, Alberto Uribe, Asad Usman, Effua Usuf, Timothy M. Uyeki, Cristinava Vajdovics, Piero Valentini, Luís Val-Flores, Stijn Van de Velde, Marcel van den Berge, Machteld van der Feltz, Job van der Palen, Paul van der Valk, Nicky Van Der Vekens, Peter Van der Voort, Sylvie Van Der Werf, Laura van Gulik, Jarne Van Hattem, Carolien van Netten, Ilonka van Veen, Noémie Vanel, Henk Vanoverschelde, Michael Varrone, Shoban Raj Vasudayan, Charline Vauchy, Pavan Kumar Vecham, Shaminee Veeran, Aurélie Veislinger, Sebastian Vencken, Sara Ventura, Annelies Verbon, José Ernesto Vidal, César Vieira, Deepak Vijayan, Judit Villar, Pierre-Marc Villeneuve, Andrea Villoldo, Gayatri Vishwanathan, Benoit Visseaux, Hannah Visser, Chiara Vitiello, Manivanh Vongsouvath, Harald Vonkeman, Fanny Vuotto, Suhaila Abdul Wahab, Noor Hidayu Wahab, Nadirah Abdul Wahid, Marina Wainstein, Laura Walsh, Wan Fadzlina Wan Muhd Shukeri, Chih-Hsien Wang, Steve Webb, Katharina Weil, Tan Pei Wen, Hassi Wesam, Sanne Wesselius, T. Eoin West, Murray Wham, Bryan Whelan, Nicole White, Paul Henri Wicky, Aurélie Wiedemann, Surya Otto Wijaya, Keith Wille, Sue Willems, Bailey Williams, Patricia J. Williams, Virginie Williams, Jessica Wittman, Calvin Wong, Xin Ci Wong, Yew Sing Wong, Teck Fung Wong, Natalie Wright, Lim Saio Xian, Ioannis Xynogalas, Siti Rohani Binti Mohd Yakop, Masaki Yamazaki, Elizabeth Yarad, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Nicholas Yee Liang Hing, Abdelrahman Yehia Mahmoud Abdelaal, Cécile Yelnik, Chian Hui Yeoh, Stephanie Yerkovich, Touxiong Yiaye, Toshiki Yokoyama, Hodane Yonis, Obada Yousif, Saptadi Yuliarto, Akram Zaaqoq, Marion Zabbe, Gustavo E. Zabert, Kai Zacharowski, Masliza Zahid, Maram Zahran, Nor Zaila Binti Zaidan, Maria Zambon, Miguel Zambrano, Alberto Zanella, Nurul Zaynah, Hiba Zayyad, Alexander Zoufaly, and David Zucman

Subjects
COVID-19, Non-respiratory symptoms, Respiratory symptoms, Risk factors, Mortality, Science (General), Q1-390, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract

Background: COVID-19 is primarily known as a respiratory illness; however, many patients present to hospital without respiratory symptoms. The association between non-respiratory presentations of COVID-19 and outcomes remains unclear. We investigated risk factors and clinical outcomes in patients with no respiratory symptoms (NRS) and respiratory symptoms (RS) at hospital admission. Methods: This study describes clinical features, physiological parameters, and outcomes of hospitalised COVID-19 patients, stratified by the presence or absence of respiratory symptoms at hospital admission. RS patients had one or more of: cough, shortness of breath, sore throat, runny nose or wheezing; while NRS patients did not. Results: Of 178,640 patients in the study, 86.4 % presented with RS, while 13.6 % had NRS. NRS patients were older (median age: NRS: 74 vs RS: 65) and less likely to be admitted to the ICU (NRS: 36.7 % vs RS: 37.5 %). NRS patients had a higher crude in-hospital case-fatality ratio (NRS 41.1 % vs. RS 32.0 %), but a lower risk of death after adjusting for confounders (HR 0.88 [0.83–0.93]). Conclusion: Approximately one in seven COVID-19 patients presented at hospital admission without respiratory symptoms. These patients were older, had lower ICU admission rates, and had a lower risk of in-hospital mortality after adjusting for confounders.

Published
2024
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210. On the closure of Absolutely Norm attaining Operators

Author

Ramesh, G. and Sequeira, Shanola S.

Subjects
Mathematics - Functional Analysis
Abstract

Let $H_1$ and $H_2$ be complex Hilbert spaces and $T:H_1\rightarrow H_2$ be a bounded linear operator. We say $T$ to be norm attaining, if there exists $x\in H_1$ with $\|x\|=1$ such that $\|Tx\|=\|T\|$. If for every closed subspace $M$ of $H_1$, the restriction $T|_{M}:M\rightarrow H_2$ is norm attaining then, $T$ is called absolutely norm attaining operator or $\mathcal{AN}$-operator. If we replace the norm of the operator by the minimum modulus $m(T)=\inf{\{\|Tx\|:x\in H_1,\; \|x\|=1}\}$, then $T$ is called the minimum attaining and the absolutely minimum attaining operator (or $\mathcal{AM}$-operator) respectively. In this article, we discuss about the operator norm closure of the $\mathcal{AN}$-operators. We completely characterize operators in this closure and study several important properties. We mainly give the spectral characterization of the positive operators in this class and give the representation when the operator is normal. Later we also study the analogous properties for $\mathcal{AM}$-operators and prove that the closure of $\mathcal{AM}$-operators is same as that of the closure of $\mathcal{AN}$-operators. As a consequence, we prove similar results for operators in the norm closure of $\mathcal{AM}$-operators., Comment: Two figures, 18 pages. Submitted to a journal. Comments/suggestions are welcome

Published
2022

211. Policy Gradients using Variational Quantum Circuits

Author

Sequeira, André, Santos, Luis Paulo, and Barbosa, Luís Soares

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Variational Quantum Circuits are being used as versatile Quantum Machine Learning models. Some empirical results exhibit an advantage in supervised and generative learning tasks. However, when applied to Reinforcement Learning, less is known. In this work, we considered a Variational Quantum Circuit composed of a low-depth hardware-efficient ansatz as the parameterized policy of a Reinforcement Learning agent. We show that an $\epsilon$-approximation of the policy gradient can be obtained using a logarithmic number of samples concerning the total number of parameters. We empirically verify that such quantum models behave similarly or even outperform typical classical neural networks used in standard benchmarking environments and in quantum control, using only a fraction of the parameters. Moreover, we study the Barren Plateau phenomenon in quantum policy gradients using the Fisher Information Matrix spectrum.

Published
2022

214. Functional impairment of cortical AMPA receptors in schizophrenia.

Author

Zeppillo, Tommaso, Schulmann, Anton, Hjelm, Brooke, Föcking, Melanie, Sequeira, P, Guella, Ilaria, Cotter, David, Bunney, William, Limon, Agenor, Macciardi, Fabio, and Vawter, Marquis

Subjects
AMPA receptors, Microtransplantation of synaptic membranes, Schizophrenia, Synaptic dysfunction, Humans, Receptors, AMPA, Synaptic Transmission, Schizophrenia, Proteomics, Kainic Acid
Abstract

Clinical and preclinical studies suggest that some of the behavioral alterations observed in schizophrenia (SZ) may be mechanistically linked to synaptic dysfunction of glutamatergic signaling. Recent genetic and proteomic studies suggest alterations of cortical glutamate receptors of the AMPA-type (AMPARs), which are the predominant ligand-gated ionic channels of fast transmission at excitatory synapses. The impact of gene and protein alterations on the electrophysiological activity of AMPARs is not known in SZ. In this proof of principle work, using human postmortem brain synaptic membranes isolated from the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), we combined electrophysiological analysis from microtransplanted synaptic membranes (MSM) with transcriptomic (RNA-Seq) and label-free proteomics data in 10 control and 10 subjects diagnosed with SZ. We observed in SZ a reduction in the amplitude of AMPARs currents elicited by kainate, an agonist of AMPARs that blocks the desensitization of the receptor. This reduction was not associated with protein abundance but with a reduction in kainates potency to activate AMPARs. Electrophysiologically-anchored dataset analysis (EDA) was used to identify synaptosomal proteins that linearly correlate with the amplitude of the AMPARs responses, gene ontology functional annotations were then used to determine protein-protein interactions. Protein modules associated with positive AMPARs current increases were downregulated in SZ, while protein modules that were upregulated in SZ were associated with decreased AMPARs currents. Our results indicate that transcriptomic and proteomic alterations, frequently observed in the DLPFC in SZ, converge at the synaptic level producing a functional electrophysiological impairment of AMPARs.

Published
2022

215. Circulating (Poly)phenol Metabolites: Neuroprotection in a 3D Cell Model of Parkinson's Disease

Author

Carecho, Rafael, Figueira, Inês, Terrasso, Ana Paula, Godinho‐Pereira, Joana, de Oliveira Sequeira, Catarina, Pereira, Sofia Azeredo, Milenkovic, Dragan, Leist, Marcel, Brito, Catarina, and dos Santos, Cláudia Nunes

Subjects
Medical Biochemistry and Metabolomics, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Neurosciences, Parkinson's Disease, Aging, Prevention, Neurodegenerative, Brain Disorders, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Neurological, Humans, Parkinson Disease, Phenol, Neuroprotection, 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium, Dopaminergic Neurons, Sulfates, Neuroprotective Agents, dopaminergic neurons, gene expression, neurodegeneration, preconditioning, transcriptomics, Food Sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics, Public Health and Health Services, Food Science, Nutrition & Dietetics, Food sciences, Nutrition and dietetics
Abstract

ScopeDiets rich in (poly)phenols have been associated with positive effects on neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease (PD). Several low-molecular weight (poly)phenol metabolites (LMWPM) are found in the plasma after consumption of (poly)phenol-rich food. It is expected that LMWPM, upon reaching the brain, may have beneficial effects against both oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, and possibly attenuate cell death mechanisms relate to the loss of dopaminergic neurons in PD.Methods and resultsThis study investigates the neuroprotective potential of two blood-brain barrier permeant LMWPM, catechol-O-sulfate (cat-sulf), and pyrogallol-O-sulfate (pyr-sulf), in a human 3D cell model of PD. Neurospheroids were generated from LUHMES neuronal precursor cells and challenged by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+ ) to induce neuronal stress. LMWPM pretreatments were differently neuroprotective towards MPP+ insult, presenting distinct effects on the neuronal transcriptome. Particularly, cat-sulf pretreatment appeared to boost counter-regulatory defense mechanisms (preconditioning). When MPP+ is applied, both LMWPM positively modulated glutathione metabolism and heat-shock response, as also favorably shifting the balance of pro/anti-apoptotic proteins.ConclusionsOur findings point to the potential of LMWPM to trigger molecular mechanisms that help dopaminergic neurons to cope with a subsequent toxic insult. They are promising molecules to be further explored in the context of preventing and attenuating parkinsonian neurodegeneration.

Published
2022

221. Identification of human circulating factors following remote ischemic conditioning (RIC): Potential impact on stroke

Author

Mollet, Inês G., Viana-Soares, Ricardo, Cardoso-Pires, Catarina, Soares, Nuno L., Marto, João Pedro, Mendonça, Marcelo, Queiroga, Cláudia S.F., Carvalho, Ana S., Sequeira, Catarina O., Teixeira-Santos, Luísa, Fernandes, Tatiana P., Aloria, Kerman, Pereira, Sofia A., Matthiesen, Rune, Viana-Baptista, Miguel, and Vieira, Helena L.A.

Published
2024
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222. A framework for optimising opportunistic collaborative syntheses to propel ecological conservation

Author

Sequeira, Ana M.M., Bates, Amanda E., Hays, Graeme, Sims, David W., Andrzejaczek, Samantha, Audzijonyte, Asta, Baum, Julia K., Beal, Martin, Block, Barbara, Cinner, Joshua, Cowley, Kaitlyn, Gilman, Eric, Gleason, Arthur, Harrison, Autumn-Lynn, Hudson, Charlotte, Ishimura, Gakushi, Jabado, Rima W., Landrum, Jason P., Mangubhai, Sangeeta, McClenachan, Loren, Meagher, Laura, Riginos, Cynthia, Serrão, Ester A., Sherley, Richard B., Stuart-Smith, Rick D., Wambiji, Nina, and Marley, Sarah A.

Published
2024
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231. Synchrony of Bird Migration with Global Dispersal of Avian Influenza Reveals Exposed Bird Orders

Author

Qiqi Yang, Ben Wang, Phillipe Lemey, Lu Dong, Tong Mu, R. Alex Wiebe, Fengyi Guo, Nídia Sequeira Trovão, Sang Woo Park, Nicola Lewis, Joseph L.-H. Tsui, Sumali Bajaj, Yachang Cheng, Luojun Yang, Yuki Haba, Bingying Li, Guogang Zhang, Oliver G. Pybus, Huaiyu Tian, and Bryan Grenfell

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) A H5, particularly clade 2.3.4.4, has caused worldwide outbreaks in domestic poultry, occasional spillover to humans, and increasing deaths of diverse species of wild birds since 2014. Wild bird migration is currently acknowledged as an important ecological process contributing to the global dispersal of HPAIV H5. However, this mechanism has not been quantified using bird movement data from different species, and the timing and location of exposure of different species is unclear. We sought to explore these questions through phylodynamic analyses based on empirical data of bird movement tracking and virus genome sequences of clade 2.3.4.4 and 2.3.2.1. First, we demonstrate that seasonal bird migration can explain salient features of the global dispersal of clade 2.3.4.4. Second, we detect synchrony between the seasonality of bird annual cycle phases and virus lineage movements. We reveal the differing exposed bird orders at geographical origins and destinations of HPAIV H5 clade 2.3.4.4 lineage movements, including relatively under-discussed orders. Our study provides a phylodynamic framework that links the bird movement ecology and genomic epidemiology of avian influenza; it highlights the importance of integrating bird behavior and life history in avian influenza studies.

Published
2024
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232. Common mitochondrial deletions in RNA-Seq: evaluation of bulk, single-cell, and spatial transcriptomic datasets

Author

Audrey A. Omidsalar, Carmel G. McCullough, Lili Xu, Stanley Boedijono, Daniel Gerke, Michelle G. Webb, Zarko Manojlovic, Adolfo Sequeira, Mark F. Lew, Marco Santorelli, Geidy E. Serrano, Thomas G. Beach, Agenor Limon, Marquis P. Vawter, and Brooke E. Hjelm

Subjects
Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Abstract Common mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletions are large structural variants in the mitochondrial genome that accumulate in metabolically active tissues with age and have been investigated in various diseases. We applied the Splice-Break2 pipeline (designed for high-throughput quantification of mtDNA deletions) to human RNA-Seq datasets and describe the methodological considerations for evaluating common deletions in bulk, single-cell, and spatial transcriptomics datasets. A robust evaluation of 1570 samples from 14 RNA-Seq studies showed: (i) the abundance of some common deletions detected in PCR-amplified mtDNA correlates with levels observed in RNA-Seq data; (ii) RNA-Seq library preparation method has a strong effect on deletion detection; (iii) deletions had a significant, positive correlation with age in brain and muscle; (iv) deletions were enriched in cortical grey matter, specifically in layers 3 and 5; and (v) brain regions with dopaminergic neurons (i.e., substantia nigra, ventral tegmental area, and caudate nucleus) had remarkable enrichment of common mtDNA deletions.

Published
2024
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233. GLP-1 and PYY for the treatment of obesity: a pilot study on the use of agonists and antagonists in diet-induced rats

Author

Marie Oertel, Christian G Ziegler, Michael Kohlhaas, Alexander Nickel, Simon Kloock, Christoph Maack, Vasco Sequeira, Martin Fassnacht, and Ulrich Dischinger

Subjects
obesity, semaglutide, glucagon-like peptide 1 (glp-1), peptide tyrosine tyrosine 3-36 (pyy3-36), incretin analogs, Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology, RC648-665
Abstract

Objective: Combination therapies with gut hormone analogs represent promising treatment strategies for obesity. This pilot study investigates the therapeutic potential of modulators of the glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) system using GLP-1 receptor agonists (semaglutide) and antagonists (exendin 9-39), as well as non-selective and NPY-Y2-receptor selective peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) analogs (PYY3-36/NNC0165-0020 and NNC0165-1273) and an NPY-Y2 receptor antagonist (JNJ31020028). Methods: High-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rats were randomized into following treatment groups: group 1, nonselective PYY analog + semaglutide (n = 4); group 2, non-selective and NPY-Y2 receptor selective PYY analog + semaglutide (n = 2); group 3, GLP-1 receptor antagonist + NPY-Y2 receptor antagonist (n = 3); group 4, semaglutide (n = 5); and group 5, control (n = 5). Animals had free access to HFD and low-fat diet. Food intake, HFD preference and body weight were measured daily. Results: A combinatory treatment with a non-selective PYY analog and semaglutide led to a maximum body weight loss of 14.0 ± 4.9% vs 9.9 ± 1.5% with semaglutide alone. Group 2 showed a maximum weight loss of 20.5 ± 2.4%. While HFD preference was decreased in group 2, a strong increase in HFD preference was detected in group 3. Conclusions: PYY analogs (especially NPY-Y2 selective receptor agonists) could represent a promising therapeutic approach for obesity in combination with GLP-1 receptor agonists. Additionally, combined GLP-1 and PYY3-36 receptor agonists might have beneficial effects on food preference.

Published
2024
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234. Knowledge of Mothers on Multisensory Intervention for Preterm Babies: A Hospital-based Cross-sectional Study from Mangaluru, India

Author

Sonya Sequeira, Rajgopal Kanagavalli, and Prakash RM Saldanha

Subjects
auditory tactile visual and vestibular intervention, behavioural cues, bonding, neonatal intensive care unit, sensory stimulation, Medicine
Abstract

Introduction: Multisensory intervention for preterm babies is developmentally appropriate and has the capacity to integrate information from different senses-Auditory, Tactile, Visual, and Vestibular (ATVV). Involving mothers in the intervention may help mimic the preterm babies’ intrauterine environment. Mothers need to be systematically and effectively guided through the ATVV intervention. Before implementing the practice, it is important to ensure that mothers are sensitised with the necessary knowledge about multisensory intervention. Hence, assessing mothers’ knowledge of multisensory intervention is a significant step preceding any intervention. Aim: To assess the knowledge of multisensory intervention among mothers of preterm babies with the intention of preparing an educational package on multisensory intervention. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among mothers of preterm babies admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of a selected hospital in Mangaluru, Karnataka, India. A total of 97 mothers were selected using a simple random sampling technique. Data on mothers’ knowledge were gathered using a proforma on baseline characteristics and a structured knowledge questionnaire on multisensory intervention for preterm babies. The data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The overall knowledge scores of mothers on multisensory intervention showed a mean±SD of 7.42±2.06 with a mean percentage of 24.74%. Most mothers, 91 (93.8%), had inadequate knowledge, and 6 (6.2%) had moderate knowledge. The area-wise knowledge score of mothers revealed that in the concept of multisensory intervention, the mean±SD was 1.93±0.89 with a mean percentage of 38.56%. In the components of multisensory intervention, the mean±SD was 2.20±1.18 with a mean percentage of 24.40%. In understanding preterm babies’ behaviour, the mean±SD was 2.67±1.15 with a mean percentage of 29.67%. In aspects of practice in multisensory intervention, the mean±SD was 0.63±0.69 with a mean percentage of 8.98%. This indicates that most mothers had inadequate knowledge in the areas of multisensory intervention. A significant association between knowledge scores and the sex of the preterm babies was found (p-value=0.03). Conclusion: Most mothers had inadequate knowledge on multisensory intervention. Consequently, an educational package was developed, which included a video on multisensory intervention for preterm neonates and a handout to help mothers acquire knowledge and guide their practice.

Published
2024
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235. On Quantum Natural Policy Gradients

Author

Andre Sequeira, Luis Paulo Santos, and Luis Soares Barbosa

Subjects
Fisher information, natural policy gradients (NPGs), quantum policy gradients, quantum reinforcement learning, Atomic physics. Constitution and properties of matter, QC170-197, Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, TA401-492
Abstract

This article delves into the role of the quantum Fisher information matrix (FIM) in enhancing the performance of parameterized quantum circuit (PQC)-based reinforcement learning agents. While previous studies have highlighted the effectiveness of PQC-based policies preconditioned with the quantum FIM in contextual bandits, its impact in broader reinforcement learning contexts, such as Markov decision processes, is less clear. Through a detailed analysis of Löwner inequalities between quantum and classical FIMs, this study uncovers the nuanced distinctions and implications of using each type of FIM. Our results indicate that a PQC-based agent using the quantum FIM without additional insights typically incurs a larger approximation error and does not guarantee improved performance compared to the classical FIM. Empirical evaluations in classic control benchmarks suggest even though quantum FIM preconditioning outperforms standard gradient ascent, in general, it is not superior to classical FIM preconditioning.

Published
2024
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236. Perspectives of adult patients with mental health disorders on the relationship with nurses: a focus group study

Author

Joana Coelho, Antonio Moreno Poyato, Juan Roldán Merino, Carlos Sequeira, and Francisco Sampaio

Subjects
Mental health, Psychiatric nursing, Patients, Focus groups, Nurse-patient relations, Nursing, RT1-120
Abstract

Abstract Background The relationship between the nurse and the patient with mental health disorder is crucial to the recovery process. Thus, patients with mental health disorders should be active subjects in this relationship by having autonomy and self-determination. Methods This study aimed to explore the perspectives of adult patients with mental health disorders on the relationship with nurses. A qualitative, descriptive, and exploratory study was conducted in March 2023, using focus group meetings in an association to support patients with severe mental health disorders in the Northern region of Portugal. The study followed the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ). A total of 8 patients participated in the study. Two focus group meetings were conducted. The inductive method was used, and content analysis of the transcripts was performed. The QDA Miner Lite 4.0 and Microsoft Excel were used for content analysis. Results Participants considered the relationship with nurses important for their recovery and expected nurses to provide support and help, being able to identify their needs, thus personalising their care. Attitudinal and communication aspects were also considered crucial for establishing a solid, trusting, and meaningful relationship. Conclusion According to the findings nursing care is expected to focus on the patient, his/her preferences, expectations, and the uniqueness of each individual. The results of this study may be useful for the reflection and improvement of nurses in their relational and communication skills and the driving force for nursing students’ awareness of the perspective of the relationship with patients with mental health disorder and its relevance.

Published
2024
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237. Links between the three-dimensional movements of whale sharks (Rhincodon typus) and the bio-physical environment off a coral reef

Author

Ben D’Antonio, Luciana C. Ferreira, Mark Meekan, Paul G. Thomson, Lilian Lieber, Patti Virtue, Chloe Power, Charitha B. Pattiaratchi, Andrew S. Brierley, Ana M. M. Sequeira, and Michele Thums

Subjects
Marine megafauna, Predator–prey, Foraging ecology, Bio-physical drivers, Zooplankton, Habitat use, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Abstract Background Measuring coastal-pelagic prey fields at scales relevant to the movements of marine predators is challenging due to the dynamic and ephemeral nature of these environments. Whale sharks (Rhincodon typus) are thought to aggregate in nearshore tropical waters due to seasonally enhanced foraging opportunities. This implies that the three-dimensional movements of these animals may be associated with bio-physical properties that enhance prey availability. To date, few studies have tested this hypothesis. Methods Here, we conducted ship-based acoustic surveys, net tows and water column profiling (salinity, temperature, chlorophyll fluorescence) to determine the volumetric density, distribution and community composition of mesozooplankton (predominantly euphausiids and copepods) and oceanographic properties of the water column in the vicinity of whale sharks that were tracked simultaneously using satellite-linked tags at Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia. Generalised linear mixed effect models were used to explore relationships between the 3-dimensional movement behaviours of tracked sharks and surrounding prey fields at a spatial scale of ~ 1 km. Results We identified prey density as a significant driver of horizontal space use, with sharks occupying areas along the reef edge where densities were highest. These areas were characterised by complex bathymetry such as reef gutters and pinnacles. Temperature and salinity profiles revealed a well-mixed water column above the height of the bathymetry (top 40 m of the water column). Regions of stronger stratification were associated with reef gutters and pinnacles that concentrated prey near the seabed, and entrained productivity at local scales (~ 1 km). We found no quantitative relationship between the depth use of sharks and vertical distributions of horizontally averaged prey density. Whale sharks repeatedly dove to depths where spatially averaged prey concentration was highest but did not extend the time spent at these depth layers. Conclusions Our work reveals previously unrecognized complexity in interactions between whale sharks and their zooplankton prey.

Published
2024
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238. Trademarks and Denomination of Origin in Portuguese Wine Sector (1918-1924)

Author

Carla Sequeira

Subjects
portuguese wine regions, brands, trademarks, labels, semiotics, Regional economics. Space in economics, HT388
Abstract

In the Portuguese wine sector there was a strong adhesion of companies, producers and traders to the registration of trade marks since the modern commercial brands emerged after the creation of the legal framework for their protection, at the end of the 19th century. We also must consider the existence of different regions of production, from north to south of the country, and the historical process of recognition of the different denomination of origin, which occurred since the beginning of the 20th century, in a context of post-phylloxera reconversion, market instability and the proliferation of imitations and counterfeits. Because wine sector was strategic in the Portuguese economy, in this article we will analyze the marks of different companies, traders and producers representative of various Portuguese wine regions, between 1918 and 1924 from the Trademark Registration in the Boletim de Propriedade Industrial (Industrial Property Bulletin). The aim is to understand the relationship between trademarks and appellations of origin, to understand if there was the growth of the different terroirs and their types of wines, and to identify, on a semiotic basis, representative and identifying elements of the indication of provenance, used in countless brands.

Published
2024
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239. Incidence and determinants of perinatal mortality in five urban hospitals in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: a cohort study with an embedded case–control analysis

Author

Brenda Sequeira Dmello, Thomas Wiswa John, Natasha Housseine, Dan Wolf Meyrowitsch, Jos van Roosmalen, Thomas van den Akker, Monica Lauridsen Kujabi, Charles Festo, Daniel Nkungu, Zainab Muniro, Idrissa Kabanda, Rukia Msumi, Luzango Maembe, Mtingele Sangalala, Ester Hyera, Joyce Lema, Scolastica Bayongo, Johnson Mshiu, Hussein Lesio Kidanto, and Nanna Maaløe

Subjects
Stillbirths, Neonatal deaths, Perinatal deaths, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, CCBRT, Gynecology and obstetrics, RG1-991
Abstract

Abstract Introduction Tanzania has one of the highest burdens of perinatal mortality, with a higher risk among urban versus rural women. To understand the characteristics of perinatal mortality in urban health facilities, study objectives were: I. To assess the incidence of perinatal deaths in public health facilities in Dar es Salaam and classify these into a) pre-facility stillbirths (absence of fetal heart tones on admission to the study health facilities) and b) intra-facility perinatal deaths before discharge; and II. To identify determinants of perinatal deaths by comparing each of the two groups of perinatal deaths with healthy newborns. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study among women who gave birth in five urban, public health facilities in Dar es Salaam. I. Incidence of perinatal death in the year 2020 was calculated based on routinely collected health facility records and the Perinatal Problem Identification Database. II. An embedded case–control study was conducted within a sub-population of singletons with birthweight ≥ 2000 g (excluding newborns with congenital malformations); pre-facility stillbirths and intra-facility perinatal deaths were compared with ‘healthy newborns’ (Apgar score ≥ 8 at one and ≥ 9 at five minutes and discharged home alive). Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were performed to explore the determinants of deaths. Results A total of 37,787 births were recorded in 2020. The pre-discharge perinatal death rate was 38.3 per 1,000 total births: a stillbirth rate of 27.7 per 1,000 total births and an intra-facility neonatal death rate of 10.9 per 1,000 live births. Pre-facility stillbirths accounted for 88.4% of the stillbirths. The case-control study included 2,224 women (452 pre-facility stillbirths; 287 intra-facility perinatal deaths and 1,485 controls), 99% of whom attended antenatal clinic (75% with more than three visits). Pre-facility stillbirths were associated with low birth weight (cOR 4.40; (95% CI: 3.13-6.18) and with maternal hypertension (cOR 4.72; 95% CI: 3.30-6.76). Intra-facility perinatal deaths were associated with breech presentation (aOR 40.3; 95% CI: 8.75-185.61), complications in the second stage (aOR 20.04; 95% CI: 12.02-33.41), low birth weight (aOR 5.57; 95% CI: 2.62-11.84), cervical dilation crossing the partograph’s action line (aOR 4.16; 95% CI:2.29-7.56), and hypertension during intrapartum care (aOR 2.9; 95% CI 1.03-8.14), among other factors. Conclusion The perinatal death rate in the five urban hospitals was linked to gaps in the quality of antenatal and intrapartum care, in the study health facilities and in lower-level referral clinics. Urgent action is required to implement context-specific interventions and conduct implementation research to strengthen the urban referral system across the entire continuum of care from pregnancy onset to postpartum. The role of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy as a crucial determinant of perinatal deaths emphasizes the complexities of maternal-perinatal health within urban settings.

Published
2024
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240. CREAM: a Package to Compute [Auto, Endo, Iso, Mono, Epi]-morphisms, Congruences, Divisors and More for Algebras of Type $(2^n,1^n)$

Author

Araújo, João, Pereira, Rui Barradas, Bentz, Wolfram, Chow, Choiwah, Ramires, João, Sequeira, Luis, and Sousa, Carlos

Subjects
Mathematics - Group Theory, Mathematics - Rings and Algebras
Abstract

The CREAM GAP package computes automorphisms, congruences, endomorphisms and subalgebras of algebras with an arbitrary number of binary and unary operations; it also decides if between two such algebras there exists a monomorphism, an epimorphism, an isomorphism or if one is a divisor of the other. Thus it finds those objects for almost all algebras used in practice (groups, quasigroups in their various signatures, semigroups possibly with many unary operations, fields, semi-rings, quandles, logic algebras, etc). As a one-size-fits-all package, it only relies on universal algebra theorems, without taking advantage of specific theorems about, eg, groups or semigroups to reduce the search space. Canon and Holt produced very fast code to compute automorphisms of groups that outperform CREAM on orders larger than 128. Similarly, Mitchell et al. take advantage of deep theorems to compute automorphisms and congruences of completely 0-simple semigroups in a very efficient manner. However these domains (groups of order above 128 and completely 0-simple semigroups) are among the very few examples of GAP code faster than our general purpose package CREAM. For the overwhelming majority of other classes of algebras, either ours is the first code computing the above mentioned objects, or the existing algorithms are outperformed by CREAM, in some cases by several orders of magnitude. To get this performance, CREAM uses a mixture of universal algebra algorithms together with GAP coupled with artificial intelligence theorem proving tools (AITP) and very delicate C implementations. As an example of the latter, we re-implement Freese's very clever algorithm for computing congruences in universal algebras, in a way that outperforms all other known implementations.

Published
2022

241. Decomposition of admissible functions in weighted coupled cell networks

Author

Sequeira, Pedro, Hespanha, João P., and Aguiar, A. Pedro

Subjects
Mathematics - Optimization and Control, Computer Science - Multiagent Systems, Mathematics - Dynamical Systems, 34A34, 41A63, 11B73
Abstract

This work makes explicit the degrees of freedom involved in modeling the dynamics of a network, or some other first-order property of a network, such as a measurement function. In previous work, an admissible function in a network was constructed through the evaluation of what we called oracle components. These oracle components are defined through some minimal properties that they are expected to obey. This is a high-level description in the sense that it is not clear how one could design such an object. The goal is to obtain a low-level representation of these objects by unwrapping them into their degrees of freedom. To achieve this, we introduce two decompositions. The first one is the more intuitive one and allows us to define the important concept of coupling order. The second decomposition is built on top of the first one and is valid for the class of coupling components that have finite coupling order. Despite this requirement, we show that this is still a very useful tool for designing coupling components with infinite coupling orders, through a limit approach., Comment: main text has 40 pages and 3 figures. Supplementary appendix has 14 pages

Published
2022

248. Phytochemicals and quaternary phosphonium ionic liquids: Connecting the dots to develop a new class of antimicrobial agents

Author

Daniel Chavarria, Anabela Borges, Sofia Benfeito, Lisa Sequeira, Marta Ribeiro, Catarina Oliveira, Fernanda Borges, Manuel Simões, and Fernando Cagide

Subjects
Antibiotics, Antimicrobial resistance, Phytochemical-based TPP+ conjugates, Methicillin-resistant S. aureus, Bacterial membrane disruption, Medicine (General), R5-920, Science (General), Q1-390
Abstract

Introduction: The infections by multidrug-resistant bacteria are a growing threat to human health, and the efficacy of the available antibiotics is gradually decreasing. As such, new antibiotic classes are urgently needed. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial activity, safety and mechanism of action of phytochemical-based triphenylphosphonium (TPP+) conjugates. Methods: A library of phytochemical-based TPP+ conjugates was repositioned and extended, and its antimicrobial activity was evaluated against a panel of Gram-positive (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus – MRSA) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii) and fungi (Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii). The compounds’ cytotoxicity and haemolytic profile were also evaluated. To unravel the mechanism of action of the best compounds, the alterations in the surface charge, bacterial membrane integrity, and cytoplasmic leakage were assessed. Results: Structure-activity-toxicity data revealed the contributions of the different structural components (phenolic ring, carbon-based spacers, carboxamide group, alkyl linker) to the compounds’ bioactivity and safety. Dihydrocinnamic derivatives 5 m and 5n stood out as safe, potent and selective antibacterial agents against S. aureus (MIC 32 µg/mL; HC10 > 32 µg/mL). Mechanistic studies suggest that the antibacterial activity of compounds 5 m and 5n may result from interactions with the bacterial cell wall and membrane. Conclusions: Collectively, these studies demonstrate the potential of phytochemical-based TPP+ conjugates as a new class of antibiotics.

Published
2023
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250. Nanophysics Is Boosting Nanotechnology for Clean Renewable Energy

Author

Rui F. M. Lobo and César A. C. Sequeira

Subjects
clean energy, energy storage, green hydrogen, nanocatalysts, laser and plasma processing, ultramicroscopy, Technology, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Microscopy, QH201-278.5, Descriptive and experimental mechanics, QC120-168.85
Abstract

As nanophysics constitutes the scientific core of nanotechnology, it has a decisive potential for advancing clean renewable energy applications. Starting with a brief foray into the realms of nanophysics’ potential, this review manuscript is expected to contribute to understanding why and how this science’s eruption is leading to nanotechnological innovations impacting the clean renewable energy economy. Many environmentally friendly energy sources are considered clean since they produce minimal pollution and greenhouse gas emissions; however, not all are renewable. This manuscript focuses on experimental achievements where nanophysics helps reduce the operating costs of clean renewable energy by improving efficiency indicators, thereby ensuring energy sustainability. Improving material properties at the nanoscale, increasing the active surface areas of reactants, achieving precise control of the physical properties of nano-objects, and using advanced nanoscale characterization techniques are the subject of this in-depth analysis. This will allow the reader to understand how nanomaterials can be engineered with specific applications in clean energy technologies. A special emphasis is placed on the role of such signs of progress in hydrogen production and clean storage methods, as green hydrogen technologies are unavoidable in the current panorama of energy sustainability.

Published
2024
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