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1,365 results on '"Xiaohui Fan"'

201. Reconstruction of the cell pseudo-space from single-cell RNA sequencing data with scSpace

Author

Jie Liao, Jingyang Qian, Ziqi Liu, Ying Chi, Yanrong Zheng, Xin Shao, Junyun Cheng, Yongjin Cui, Wenbo Guo, Penghui Yang, Yining Hu, Hudong Bao, Qian Chen, Mingxiao Li, Bing Zhang, and Xiaohui Fan

Abstract

Tissues are highly complicated with spatial heterogeneity in gene expression. However, the cutting-edge single-cell RNA-seq technology eliminates the spatial information of individual cells, which contributes to the characterization of cell identities. Herein, we propose single-cell spatial position associated co-embeddings (scSpace), an integrative algorithm to distinguish spatially variable cell subclusters by reconstructing cells onto a pseudo-space with spatial transcriptome references (Visium, STARmap, Slide-seq, etc.). We demonstrated that scSpace can define biologically meaningful cell subpopulations neglected by single-cell RNA-seq or spatially resolved transcriptomics. The use of scSpace to uncover the spatial association within single-cell data, reproduced, the hierarchical distribution of cells in the brain cortex and liver lobules, and the regional variation of cells in heart ventricles and the intestinal villus. scSpace identified cell subclusters in intratelencephalic neurons, which were confirmed by their biomarkers. The application of scSpace in melanoma and Covid-19 exhibited a broad prospect in the discovery of spatial therapeutic markers.

Published
2022

202. A Chandra survey of z ≥ 4.5 quasars

Author

Feige Wang, Jinyi Yang, Joel N. Bregman, Xiaohui Fan, Yuchen Zhang, and Jiang-Tao Li

Subjects
Length scale, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 0103 physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

X-ray observations provide a unique probe of the accretion disc corona of supermassive black holes (SMBHs). In this paper, we present a uniform Chandra X-ray data analysis of a sample of 152 z ≥ 4.5 quasars. We firmly detect 46 quasars of this sample in 0.5–2 keV above 3σ and calculate the upper limits of the X-ray flux of the remaining. We also estimate the power-law photon index of the X-ray spectrum of 31 quasars. 24 of our sample quasars are detected in the FIRST or NVSS radio surveys; all of them are radio-loud. We statistically compare the X-ray properties of our z ≥ 4.5 quasars to other X-ray samples of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) at different redshifts. The relation between the rest-frame X-ray luminosity and other quasar parameters, such as the bolometric luminosity, UV luminosity, or SMBH mass, shows large scatters. These large scatters can be attributed to the narrow luminosity range at the highest redshift, the large measurement error based on relatively poor X-ray data, and the inclusion of radio-loud quasars in the sample. The LX–LUV relationship is significantly sublinear. We do not find a significant redshift evolution of the LX–LUV relation, expressed either in the slope of this relation, or the departure of individual AGNs from the best-fitting αOX–LUV relation (ΔαOX). The median value of the X-ray photon index is Γ ≈ 1.79, which does not show redshift evolution from z = 0 to z ∼ 7. The X-ray and UV properties of the most distant quasars could potentially be used as a standard candle to constrain cosmological models. The large scatter of our sample on the Hubble diagram highlights the importance of future large unbiased deep X-ray and radio surveys in using quasars in cosmological studies.

Published
2021

203. Neuroprotective effects of Ginkgo biloba dropping pills in Parkinson’s disease

Author

Jianbing Zhang, Dingyi Yu, Ting Liu, Xiaohui Fan, Pengli Zhang, Xiaoyan Lu, Junying Li, Qingqing Wang, and Yao-Dan Zhang

Subjects
Parkinson's disease, Antioxidant, medicine.medical_treatment, Pharmaceutical Science, 02 engineering and technology, Pharmacy, RM1-950, Pharmacology, 01 natural sciences, Neuroprotection, Analytical Chemistry, Neuronal damage, Drug Discovery, Electrochemistry, medicine, Ginkgo biloba dropping pills, Cognitive impairment, Dopaminergic neuron, Protein kinase B, Spectroscopy, biology, Chemistry, Ginkgo biloba, 010401 analytical chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Bax/bcl-2, 0104 chemical sciences, Parkinson’s disease, Akt/GSK3β, Original Article, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the world; however, it lacks effective and safe treatments. Ginkgo biloba dropping pill (GBDP), a unique Chinese G. biloba leaf extract preparation, exhibits antioxidant and neuroprotective effects and has a potential as an alternative therapy for PD. Thus, the aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of GBDP in in vitro and in vivo PD models and to compare the chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of GBDP and the G. biloba extract EGb 761. Using liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry, 46 GBDP constituents were identified. Principal component analysis identified differences in the chemical profiles of GBDP and EGb 761. A quantitative analysis of 12 constituents showed that GBDP had higher levels of several flavonoids and terpene trilactones than EGb 761, whereas EGb 761 had higher levels of organic acids. Moreover, we found that GBDP prevented 6-hydroxydopamine-induced dopaminergic neuron loss in zebrafish and improved cognitive impairment and neuronal damage in methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced PD mice. Although similar effects were observed after EGb 761 treatment, the neuroprotective effects were greater after GBDP treatment on several endpoints. In addition, in vitro results suggested that the Akt/GSK3β pathway may be involved in the neuroprotective effects of GBDP. These findings demonstrated that GBDP have potential neuroprotective effects in the treatment of PD., Graphical abstract Image 1, Highlights • GBDP is composed of 46 constituents. • Content of 12 constituents were different between GBDP and EGb 761. • GBDP attenuated neurological deficits in zebrafish and mice PD models. • GBDP prevented PD through anti-apoptosis and Akt/GSK3β signaling pathways. • GBDP might be a potential therapeutic agent for PD.

Published
2021

204. A study of the effects of hydroxyapatite bioceramic extract on Ang/Tie2 system of umbilical vein endothelial cells

Author

Yanyi Liu, Yuan Su, Xiaohui Fan, Xueyang Zhang, and Fei Hu

Subjects
Umbilical Veins, Biomedical Engineering, Biophysics, Health Informatics, Bioengineering, umbilical vein endothelial cells, 02 engineering and technology, Bioceramic, Cell morphology, Umbilical vein, Biomaterials, Andrology, 03 medical and health sciences, Western blot, Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells, medicine, Humans, Cytotoxicity, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, medicine.diagnostic_test, Plant Extracts, Cell growth, Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Cell counting, Receptor, TIE-2, Durapatite, Tie2, Real-time polymerase chain reaction, Ang, embryonic structures, cardiovascular system, hydroxyapatite bioceramics extract, 0210 nano-technology, Research Article, Information Systems
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the effects of hydroxyapatite bioceramic extract on Ang/Tie2 system and cell proliferation of umbilical vein endothelial cells. METHODS: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were used in this research. There are two induvial groups, control group and hydroxyapatite bioceramics extract treatment group. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to evaluate cell proliferation. Western blot and real time quantitative PCR (Q-PCR) were used to evaluate the protein and mRNA expression levels of Ang1, Ang2 and Tie2 in Ang/Tie2 system, respectively. All the results were statistically analyzed by Spss19.0. All data were presented as mean ± standard error of mean (SEM). Student’s t-test was performed to determine the differences among grouped data. RESULTS: Hydroxyapatite bioceramics extract showed no effect on the cell morphology and cell proliferation of HUVECs. Interestingly, we found that both Ang2 and Tie2 protein and mRNA level were markedly increased by hydroxyapatite bioceramics extract. CONCLUSIONS: Hydroxyapatite bioceramic extract showed no cytotoxicity to HUVECs, and might regulate vascular remodeling by mediating Ang/Tie2 system.

Published
2021

205. Prognostic Analysis of Patients with Primary Extranodal Lymphoma: A Retrospective Study

Author

Yanqiu Xu, Feng Zhu, Linyan Xu, Lingling Jiang, Lingling Yin, Kailin Xu, Zhenyu Li, Xiaohui Fan, Hanying Shen, Linlin Nie, and Jieyun Xia

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Multivariate analysis, primary extranodal lymphoma, prognostic analysis, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Lactate dehydrogenase, Internal medicine, performance status, Medicine, Pathological, Original Research, pathological subtype, Performance status, business.industry, Proportional hazards model, Beta-2 microglobulin, lactate dehydrogenase, Retrospective cohort study, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Cancer Management and Research, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Extranodal lymphoma, business, beta 2-microglobulin
Abstract

Hanying Shen,1 Lingling Jiang,1 Linlin Nie,1 Xiaohui Fan,1 Yanqiu Xu,1 Lingling Yin,2 Linyan Xu,1,3 Jieyun Xia,2 Zhenyu Li,1– 3 Feng Zhu,1– 3 Kailin Xu1– 3 1Blood Disease Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, People’s Republic of China; 3Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Feng Zhu; Jieyun XiaDepartment of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99, West Huaihai Road, Quanshan District, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 516 8580 6985Fax +86 516 8580 1527Email frankfeng_2004@126.com; jieyunxia0315@163.comBackground: Originating from extranodal organs or tissues, primary extranodal lymphoma (PENL) acts in different primary sites with diverse clinical performances and PENL has remarkable geographical differences and lacks the relevant reports in each region.Patients and Methods: Two hundred and twenty PENL patients were enrolled, and the relevant clinical and laboratory indicators were analyzed. In addition, statistical methods were applied to analyze the effects of different factors on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of patients.Results: The three most frequent primary sites of PENL are the digestive system, head and neck, and central nervous system. The patients were classified into groups based on their risk status, resulting in low-risk, medium-low-risk, medium-high-risk, and high-risk, and their respective 3-year OS values were calculated, which showed that 121 patients (55%) were in the low-risk group and 3-year OS was 85.2% (25.9% medium-low-risk, 3-year OS 66.6%; 15% medium-high-risk, 3-year OS 61.9%; 4.09% high risk, 3-year OS 45.7%). A multivariate analysis of the Cox regression demonstrated that serum beta 2-microglobulin (β2-MG) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were independent prognostic factors for OS and PFS, respectively. Both the performance status and pathological subtypes were independent prognostic factors for OS and PFS.Conclusion: The correlated independent risk factors such as β2-MG, LDH, performance status, and pathological subtypes, were helpful for effectively determining the prognosis of PENL patients and guiding treatment.Keywords: beta 2-microglobulin, lactate dehydrogenase, performance status, pathological subtype, primary extranodal lymphoma, prognostic analysis

Published
2021

206. New understanding about the relationship between surface ignition and low-carbon iron ore sintering performance

Author

Gan Min, Zhao Yuanjie, Xiaohui Fan, Ji Zhiyun, Haorui Li, Xuling Chen, Haoyu Zhou, and Huang Xiaoxian

Subjects
021110 strategic, defence & security studies, Acicular, Environmental Engineering, Materials science, General Chemical Engineering, Metallurgy, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Sintering, chemistry.chemical_element, Autoignition temperature, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Solid fuel, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Ignition system, chemistry, law, Phase (matter), Environmental Chemistry, Surface layer, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, Carbon, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Surface ignition is the first and also the important step for iron ore sintering, which provides the initial source of energy to trigger the whole reactions. This investigation mainly focused on revealing the relationship between surface ignition and sintering performance, and elucidated the deep mechanism. Results indicate that the quality of sinter in the surface layer can be effectively improved by adjusting the ignition parameters. The preferred ignition parameters include ignition temperature of 1050 °C, ignition duration of 1 min and heat preservation of 1−2 min. The function mechanism of improved sinter quality is attributed to the increased high temperature duration for minerals melting, the enlarged melting zone, and the decreased cooling velocity. These changes facilitate the formation of enough adhesive phase of calcium ferrite, more of which generated in acicular morphology with high mechanical strength. Optimizing the ignition process reduced the solid fuel consumption due to the improved sintering performance, which then decreased the emission of NO and SO2. The research findings are of great significance for providing a guide for the design of desirable ignition system and making further contributions to energy conservation and emission reduction during sintering.

Published
2021

207. An ultra-robust fingerprinting method for quality assessment of traditional Chinese medicine using multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry

Author

Yiyu Cheng, Xiaohui Fan, Jie Liao, Xiaohui Zhang, and Zhenhao Li

Subjects
Multiple reaction monitoring, Normalization (statistics), Mass spectrometry-based fingerprinting, Pharmaceutical Science, 02 engineering and technology, Pharmacy, Derivative, 01 natural sciences, Analytical Chemistry, Traditional Chinese medicine, Robustness (computer science), Drug Discovery, Electrochemistry, Robustness evaluation, Cluster analysis, Equivalence (measure theory), Spectroscopy, Chemistry, business.industry, lcsh:RM1-950, 010401 analytical chemistry, Selected reaction monitoring, Congruence coefficient, Pattern recognition, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, lcsh:Therapeutics. Pharmacology, Principal component analysis, Original Article, Artificial intelligence, 0210 nano-technology, business, Quality assessment
Abstract

Chromatographic fingerprinting has been perceived as an essential tool for assessing quality and chemical equivalence of traditional Chinese medicine. However, this pattern-oriented approach still has some weak points in terms of chemical coverage and robustness. In this work, we proposed a multiple reaction monitoring (MRM)-based fingerprinting method in which approximately 100 constituents were simultaneously detected for quality assessment. The derivative MRM approach was employed to rapidly design MRM transitions independent of chemical standards, based on which the large-scale fingerprinting method was efficiently established. This approach was exemplified on QiShenYiQi Pill (QSYQ), a traditional Chinese medicine-derived drug product, and its robustness was systematically evaluated by four indices: clustering analysis by principal component analysis, similarity analysis by the congruence coefficient, the number of separated peaks, and the peak area proportion of separated peaks. Compared with conventional ultraviolet-based fingerprints, the MRM fingerprints provided not only better discriminatory capacity for the tested normal/abnormal QSYQ samples, but also higher robustness under different chromatographic conditions (i.e., flow rate, apparent pH, column temperature, and column). The result also showed for such large-scale fingerprints including a large number of peaks, the angle cosine measure after min-max normalization was more suitable for setting a decision criterion than the unnormalized algorithm. This proof-of-concept application gives evidence that combining MRM technique with proper similarity analysis metrices can provide a highly sensitive, robust and comprehensive analytical approach for quality assessment of traditional Chinese medicine., Graphical abstract Image 1, Highlights • MRM fingerprints are proposed for quality assessment of traditional medicine. • MRM fingerprints show favorable robustness, coverage and discriminatory capacity. • Similarity analysis methods for such large-scale fingerprints are proposed.

Published
2021

209. NF-κB inhibitor alpha controls SARS-CoV-2 infection in ACE2-overexpressing human airway organoids

Author

Camille R. Simoneau, Pei-Yi Chen, Galen K. Xing, Jennifer M. Hayashi, Irene P. Chen, Mir M. Khalid, Nathan L. Meyers, Taha Y. Taha, Kristoffer E. Leon, Rahul K. Suryawanshi, Maria McCavitt-Malvido, Tal Ashuach, Krystal A. Fontaine, Lauren Rodriguez, Bastian Joehnk, Keith Walcott, Sreelakshmi Vasudevan, Xiaohui Fang, Mazharul Maishan, Shawn Schultz, Jeroen P. Roose, Michael A. Matthay, Anita Sil, Mehrdad Arjomandi, Nir Yosef, and Melanie Ott

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract As SARS-CoV-2 continues to spread worldwide, tractable primary airway cell models that recapitulate the cell-intrinsic response to arising viral variants are needed. Here we describe an adult stem cell-derived human airway organoid model overexpressing the ACE2 receptor (ACE2-OE) that supports robust viral replication while maintaining 3D architecture and cellular diversity of the airway epithelium. ACE2-OE organoids were infected with SARS-CoV-2 variants and subjected to single-cell RNA-sequencing. Interferon-lambda was upregulated in cells with low-level infection while the NF-kB inhibitor alpha gene (encoding IkBa) was consistently upregulated in infected cells, and its expression positively correlated with infection levels. Confocal microscopy showed more IkBa expression in infected than bystander cells, but found concurrent nuclear translocation of NF-kB that IkBa usually prevents. Overexpressing a nondegradable IkBa mutant reduced NF-kB translocation and increased viral infection. These data demonstrate the functionality of ACE2-OE organoids in SARS-CoV-2 research and underscore that the strength of the NF-kB feedback loop in infected cells controls viral replication.

Published
2024
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210. Transcriptome Analysis of Natural Killer Cells in Response to Newcastle Disease Virus Infected Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells

Author

Juanjuan Huang, Tingting Zheng, Ying Liang, Ying Qin, Xing Wu, and Xiaohui Fan

Subjects
Newcastle disease virus, natural killer cell, hepatocellular carcinoma, immunity, cancer therapy, Genetics, Genetics (clinical)
Abstract

When tumor cells are infected by the Newcastle disease virus (NDV), the lysis of tumor cells by natural killer (NK) cells is enhanced, which may be related to the enhanced NK cell activation effect. To better understand the intracellular molecular mechanisms involved in NK cell activation, the transcriptome profiles of NK cells stimulated by NDV-infected hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells (NDV group) and control (NC group, NK cells stimulated by HCC cells) were analyzed. In total, we identified 1568 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the NK cells of the NDV group compared to the control, including 1389 upregulated and 179 downregulated genes. Functional analysis showed that DEGs were enriched in the immune system, signal transmission, cell growth, cell death, and cancer pathways. Notably, 9 genes from the IFN family were specifically increased in NK cells upon NDV infection and identified as potential prognosis markers for patients with HCC. A qRT-PCR experiment was used to confirm the differential expression of IFNG and the other 8 important genes. The results of this study will improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of NK cell activation.

Published
2023

215. A Gravitational-wave Measurement of the Hubble Constant Following the Second Observing Run of Advanced LIGO and Virgo

Author

G. Pagliaroli, Kevin Barkett, Denis Martynov, Marco Bazzan, C. Ingram, L. Pinard, Nicolas Sanchis-Gual, I. Belahcene, A. K. Y. Li, Archana Pai, F. Paoletti, P. Ruggi, G. Vajente, S. M. Gaebel, C. Kr mer, K. W. Chung, I. Dorrington, I. Di Palma, A. Mullavey, T. J. N. Nelson, Filip Morawski, Xiaohui Fan, Richard O'Shaughnessy, B. Barr, B. D. Lackey, G. Eddolls, A. Cumming, P. Grassia, Kipp Cannon, F. Di Renzo, M. Steinke, Francesco Pannarale, Soichiro Morisaki, D. Ugolini, P. Clearwater, M. Haney, T. A. Callister, Zhihui Du, G. Ciani, Alessandro Bertolini, Olivier Minazzoli, M. Razzano, Mairi Sakellariadou, G. Pillant, S. H. R. Yuen, O. de Varona, A. L. Stuver, R. De Rosa, I. Nardecchia, M. Kasprzack, J. Baird, Frances Hellman, M. B. Shaner, Manel Molina-Ruiz, S. B. Coughlin, Jessica Steinlechner, A. Neunzert, M. Heurs, Reed Essick, S. Kandhasamy, B. Sorazu, A. Kutynia, Andrea Chincarini, T. Z. Summerscales, Tenglin Li, Robert J. McCarthy, Linqing Wen, D. Meacher, Leo Tsukada, E. Z. Hamilton, A. Parida, S. S. Eikenberry, E. Genin, D. Estevez, W. Katzman, B. Grace, S. M. Aronson, M. Llorens-Monteagudo, M. Nery, Ryan Lynch, Ettore Majorana, D. M. Wilken, A. Rocchi, B. Goncharov, R. Birney, P. Ehrens, Paul M. Ricker, E. J. Fauchon-Jones, M. Lormand, William Parker, D. J. Stops, J. S. H. Lee, Felix Wellmann, Shreya Anand, D. Huet, S. H. Huttner, Z. Tornasi, Andrew Melatos, M. Lorenzini, M. Bitossi, J.-G. Ducoin, J. Neilson, G. Bergmann, K. Wette, John J. Oh, Timothy Evans, M. G. Benjamin, E. Payne, Rory Smith, C. Adams, R. M. Blair, D. Sigg, S. W. Ballmer, Z. Yang, D. M. Shoemaker, Michelle E. Walker, J. Eichholz, G. Moreno, H. Inchauspe, J. Liu, A. Pasqualetti, M. Tse, D. M. Macleod, B. L. Swinkels, J. Warner, R. Passaquieti, C. Rajan, O. Durante, N. Krupinski, F. Martelli, Karan Jani, Jade Powell, V. Mangano, H. K. Gulati, David H. Reitze, Rahul Kashyap, C. McIsaac, Nergis Mavalvala, A. K. Lenon, S. Mastrogiovanni, P. A. Altin, Piotr Jaranowski, Florent Robinet, J. Zhang, F. Baldaccini, L. F. Ortega, Jerome Degallaix, R. C. Walet, V. P. Mitrofanov, Rosa Poggiani, V. Frey, T. Sadecki, V. Tiwari, Yann Bouffanais, A. C. Green, C. Casentini, R. Shink, E. Goetz, F. Magaña-Sandoval, J. McIver, Sebastian Khan, B. C. Barish, J. H. Briggs, Mark Hannam, L. Rei, Gijs Nelemans, Tanja Hinderer, Alejandro Torres-Forné, A. K. Zadrożny, P.H. Nguyen, V. Boschi, E. J. Son, M. van Beuzekom, S. Grunewald, R. Prasanna, A. Ain, Shubhanshu Tiwari, G. A. Prodi, R. DeSalvo, V. Kondrashov, F. Frasconi, A. K. Mehta, E. D. Hall, S. Farinon, E. Mejuto Villa, D. Barker, A. Samajdar, Jolien D. E. Creighton, A. Pele, D. Singh, Arunava Mukherjee, Fausto Acernese, J. C. Barayoga, B. F. Neil, R. Flaminio, Richard J. Abbott, D. W. Yeeles, Hartmut Grote, D. C. Vander-Hyde, P. Puppo, W. Del Pozzo, Y. Minenkov, P. Bacon, P. F. Cohadon, H. Heitmann, A. Strunk, N. Kijbunchoo, Piero Rettegno, K. A. Santiago, P. J. Sutton, M. Cieślar, Maria Ilaria Del Principe, P. Raffai, J. C. Bayley, H. Wittel, M. Deenadayalan, G. H. Ogin, T. J. Shaffer, Marcus E. Lower, L. Glover, G. Losurdo, S. Biscoveanu, O. V. Palashov, Sean T. McWilliams, F. Piergiovanni, Chang-Hwan Lee, D. E. Cohen, M. Agathos, J. H. Romie, S. Sitmukhambetov, G. Kuehn, K. Merfeld, M. Ar ne, M. Phelps, Archisman Ghosh, R. G. Ormiston, Andrew Matas, A. Chiummo, K. Holt, M. Mantovani, E. A. Huerta, A. Ramos-Buades, S. L. Danilishin, Tristan Briant, R. K. Lanza, P. Dupej, Sheelu Abraham, Eric B. Flynn, J. Betzwieser, Antoine Heidmann, J. Hanks, A. Sur, H. Overmier, R. Goetz, Tarun Souradeep, J. P. Zendri, L. Sun, C. De Rossi, D. Buskulic, Odylio D. Aguiar, James Healy, P. Brockill, Luca Gammaitoni, R. Fittipaldi, C. Horst, Alberto Vecchio, F. Cipriano, Michael Thomas, R. Tenorio, N. A. Holland, D. Sellers, P. Popolizio, Koji Arai, F. J. Raab, Devon S. Johnson, N. Mukund, L. R. Cominsky, Neil J. Cornish, Colm Talbot, Andreas Freise, M. Davier, Sebastiano Bernuzzi, O. Halim, S. Koley, M. Brinkmann, C. Affeldt, S. Appert, Y. Setyawati, E. J. Sanchez, Nicholas Demos, J. D. Lough, D. Pascucci, H. S. Chen, L. E. H. Datrier, M. Bawaj, R. L. Savage, A. S. Bell, M. Laxen, Anchal Gupta, J. Meidam, M. Gosselin, Riccardo Sturani, M. K. M. Bader, O. Chaibi, Wolfango Plastino, R. Taylor, C. L. Romel, Giovanni Carapella, P. Shawhan, I. Ferrante, Soma Mukherjee, Charalampos Markakis, G. Mo, J. K. Blackburn, C. J. Richardson, F. L. Linde, E. Chassande-Mottin, Sylvain Marsat, Sheila Rowan, B. Gateley, Howard Pan, Aaron Buikema, R. Kirchhoff, B. L. Pearlstone, V. Fafone, Paul D. Lasky, R. K. Hasskew, Jordan Camp, D. Tao, M. Muratore, M. C. Heintze, D. Sentenac, F. Carbognani, Patrick Brady, P. Fulda, J. M. Fishner, Will M. Farr, M. Montani, Nancy Aggarwal, R. Gustafson, A. Grimaldi, J. W. Westhouse, Matthew Pitkin, F. Lin, Tania Regimbau, Serena Vinciguerra, F. Garufi, Chandra Kant Mishra, Joseph D. Romano, R. Bhandare, R. Pedurand, Benno Willke, C. C. Wipf, V. Pierro, M. J. Cowart, I. Dave, Lee McCuller, O. J. Piccinni, Takuya Tsutsui, T. D. Abbott, Zoheyr Doctor, M. Fletcher, B. Hughey, K. W. Tsang, P. J. Veitch, M. Rakhmanov, Surendra Nadh Somala, Gregorio Carullo, R. Xu, C. Buy, M. Oliver, Kazuhiro Agatsuma, T. J. Hansen, N. Bode, Christopher P. L. Berry, T. Harder, Rico K. L. Lo, P. Charlton, Kejia Lee, Patrick Das Gupta, S. E. Barclay, J. L. Willis, M. Eisenmann, Ofek Birnholtz, John A. Clark, Ben Farr, W. S. Kim, Christophe Collette, L. Kuo, H. Yamamoto, J. C. Driggers, A. Schönbeck, B. Rajbhandari, Daniel Wysocki, J. Prasad, A. J. Pedersen, S. B. Anderson, Tim Dietrich, M. Pürrer, S. Kwang, Frank Ohme, Vicky Kalogera, K. Rose, M. Tonelli, E. Katsavounidis, Xiuling Li, R. Gray, Patrick Godwin, M. C. Araya, Srishti Tiwari, S. Frasca, Jonathan Richardson, Tyson Littenberg, Kai Staats, L. Conti, M. Chaturvedi, Yu Huang, Geert Raaijmakers, F. Y. Khalili, R. P. Fisher, A. Allocca, D. I. Jones, Guoying Zhao, Kendall Ackley, R. K. Nayak, S. Raja, H. Y. Chia, Sascha Husa, S. E. Strigin, S. Mitra, M. Granata, H. J. Bulten, Minchuan Zhou, Shao-Jiang Wang, T. D. Creighton, S. E. Gossan, Dániel Barta, G. Venugopalan, Karl Gill, V. Srivastava, M. Fays, S. Barnum, S. C. Tait, K. Shukla, Zifan Zhou, I. A. Bilenko, L. Haegel, D.B. DeBra, David J. Ottaway, C. J. Perez, Matthew Evans, B. D. O'Brien, Marek Szczepanczyk, C. Bradaschia, M. Standke, Deep Jariwala, C. Cahillane, Otto A. Hannuksela, C. Gray, H. Estelles, W. A. Campbell, H. Radkins, A. Bozzi, N. N. Janthalur, L. Wallace, A. Królak, R. Frey, E. A. Muñiz, B. Sassolas, S. Brunett, Monica Colpi, Albino Perego, A. Bisht, M. Boer, J. B. Kanner, Andrew Lundgren, S. Xiao, J. V. Vanheijningen, D. Fiorucci, Zachariah B. Etienne, D. Moraru, E. Floden, Jennifer Watchi, A. K. Prajapati, Gianpietro Cagnoli, A. R. Wade, A. Di Lieto, S. J. Chamberlin, M. Vasúth, C. M. Mow-Lowry, Sergey P. Vyatchanin, Jonathan Cripe, V. Bossilkov, A. Paoli, Ik Siong Heng, A. Rüdiger, R. 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Farinon, S, Farr, B, Farr, W, Fauchon-Jones, E, Favata, M, Fays, M, Fazio, M, Fee, C, Feicht, J, Fejer, M, Feng, F, Fernandez-Galiana, A, Ferrante, I, Ferreira, E, Ferreira, T, Fidecaro, F, Fiori, I, Fiorucci, D, Fishbach, M, Fisher, R, Fishner, J, Fittipaldi, R, Fitz-Axen, M, Fiumara, V, Flaminio, R, Fletcher, M, Floden, E, Flynn, E, Fong, H, Font, J, Forsyth, P, Fournier, J, Vivanco, F, Frasca, S, Frasconi, F, Frei, Z, Freise, A, Frey, R, Frey, V, Fritschel, P, Frolov, V, Fronz, G, Fulda, P, Fyffe, M, Gabbard, H, Gadre, B, Gaebel, S, Gair, J, Gammaitoni, L, Gaonkar, S, Garcia-Quiros, C, Garufi, F, Gateley, B, Gaudio, S, Gaur, G, Gayathri, V, Gemme, G, Genin, E, Gennai, A, George, D, George, J, Gergely, L, Ghonge, S, Ghosh, A, Ghosh, S, Giacomazzo, B, Giaime, J, Giardina, K, Gibson, D, Gill, K, Glover, L, Gniesmer, J, Godwin, P, Goetz, E, Goetz, R, Goncharov, B, Gonzalez, G, Gonzalez Castro, J, Gopakumar, A, Gossan, S, Gosselin, M, Gouaty, R, Grace, B, Grado, A, Granata, M, Grant, A, Gras, S, Grassia, P, Gray, C, Gray, R, Greco, G, Green, A, Green, R, Gretarsson, E, Grimaldi, A, Grimm, S, Groot, P, Grote, H, Grunewald, S, Gruning, P, Guidi, G, Gulati, H, Guo, Y, Gupta, A, Gupta, P, Gustafson, E, Gustafson, R, Haegel, L, Halim, O, Hall, B, Hall, E, Hamilton, E, Hammond, G, Haney, M, Hanke, M, Hanks, J, Hanna, C, Hannam, M, Hannuksela, O, Hansen, T, Hanson, J, Harder, T, Hardwick, T, Haris, K, Harms, J, Harry, G, Harry, I, Hasskew, R, Haster, C, Haughian, K, Hayes, F, Healy, J, Heidmann, A, Heintze, M, Heitmann, H, Hellman, F, Hello, P, Hemming, G, Hendry, M, Heng, I, Hennig, J, Heurs, M, Hild, S, Hinderer, T, Hochheim, S, Hofman, D, Holgado, A, Holland, N, Holt, K, Holz, D, Hopkins, P, Horst, C, Hough, J, Howell, E, Hoy, C, Huang, Y, Hubner, M, Huerta, E, Huet, D, Hughey, B, Hui, V, Husa, S, Huttner, S, Huynh-Dinh, T, Idzkowski, B, Iess, A, Inchauspe, H, Ingram, C, Inta, R, Intini, G, Irwin, B, Isa, H, Isac, J, Isi, M, Iyer, B, Jacqmin, T, Jadhav, S, Jani, K, Janthalur, N, Jaranowski, P, Jariwala, D, Jenkins, A, Jiang, J, Johnson, D, Jones, A, Jones, D, Jones, J, Jones, R, Jonker, R, Ju, L, Junker, J, Kalaghatgi, C, Kalogera, V, Kamai, B, Kandhasamy, S, Kang, G, Kanner, J, Kapadia, S, Karathanasis, C, Karki, S, Kashyap, R, Kasprzack, M, Katsanevas, S, Katsavounidis, E, Katzman, W, Kaufer, S, Kawabe, K, Keerthana, N, Kefelian, F, Keitel, D, Kennedy, R, Key, J, Khalili, F, Khan, I, Khan, S, Khazanov, E, Khetan, N, Khursheed, M, Kijbunchoo, N, Kim, C, Kim, J, Kim, K, Kim, W, Kim, Y, Kimball, C, King, P, Kinley-Hanlon, M, Kirchhoff, R, Kissel, J, Kleybolte, L, Klika, J, Klimenko, S, Knowles, T, Koch, P, Koehlenbeck, S, Koekoek, G, Koley, S, Kondrashov, V, Kontos, A, Koper, N, Korobko, M, Korth, W, Kovalam, M, Kozak, D, Kr mer, C, Kringel, V, Krishnendu, N, Krolak, A, Krupinski, N, Kuehn, G, Kumar, A, Kumar, P, Kumar, R, Kuo, L, Kutynia, A, Kwang, S, Lackey, B, Laghi, D, Lai, K, Lam, T, Landry, M, Lane, B, Lang, R, Lange, J, Lantz, B, Lanza, R, Lartaux-Vollard, A, Lasky, P, Laxen, M, Lazzarini, A, Lazzaro, C, Leaci, P, Leavey, S, Lecoeuche, Y, Lee, C, Lee, H, Lee, J, Lee, K, Lehmann, J, Lenon, A, Leroy, N, Letendre, N, Levin, Y, Li, A, Li, J, Li, K, Li, T, Li, X, Lin, F, Linde, F, Linker, S, Littenberg, T, Liu, J, Liu, X, Llorens-Monteagudo, M, Lo, R, London, L, Longo, A, Lorenzini, M, Loriette, V, Lormand, M, Losurdo, G, Lough, J, Lousto, C, Lovelace, G, Lower, M, Luck, H, Lumaca, D, Lundgren, A, Lynch, R, Ma, Y, Macas, R, Macfoy, S, Macinnis, M, Macleod, D, Macquet, A, Hernandez, I, Magana-Sandoval, F, Magee, R, Majorana, E, Maksimovic, I, Malik, A, Man, N, Mandic, V, Mangano, V, Mansell, G, Manske, M, Mantovani, M, Mapelli, M, Marchesoni, F, Marion, F, Marka, S, Marka, Z, Markakis, C, Markosyan, A, Markowitz, A, Maros, E, Marquina, A, Marsat, S, Martelli, F, Martin, I, Martin, R, Martinez, V, Martynov, D, Masalehdan, H, Mason, K, Massera, E, Masserot, A, Massinger, T, Masso-Reid, M, Mastrogiovanni, S, Matas, A, Matichard, F, Matone, L, Mavalvala, N, Mccann, J, Mccarthy, R, Mcclelland, D, Mccormick, S, Mcculler, L, Mcguire, S, Mcisaac, C, Mciver, J, Mcmanus, D, Mcrae, T, Mcwilliams, S, Meacher, D, Meadors, G, Mehmet, M, Mehta, A, Meidam, J, Villa, E, Melatos, A, Mendell, G, Mercer, R, Mereni, L, Merfeld, K, Merilh, E, Merzougui, M, Meshkov, S, Messenger, C, Messick, C, Messina, F, Metzdorff, R, Meyers, P, Meylahn, F, Miani, A, Miao, H, Michel, C, Middleton, H, Milano, L, Miller, A, Millhouse, M, Mills, J, Milovich-Goff, M, Minazzoli, O, Minenkov, Y, Mishkin, A, Mishra, C, Mistry, T, Mitra, S, Mitrofanov, V, Mitselmakher, G, Mittleman, R, Mo, G, Moffa, D, Mogushi, K, Mohapatra, S, Molina-Ruiz, M, Mondin, M, Montani, M, Moore, C, Moraru, D, Morawski, F, Moreno, G, Morisaki, S, Mours, B, Mow-Lowry, C, Muciaccia, F, Mukherjee, A, Mukherjee, D, Mukherjee, S, Mukund, N, Mullavey, A, Munch, J, Muniz, E, Muratore, M, Murray, P, Nagar, A, Nardecchia, I, Naticchioni, L, Nayak, R, Neil, B, Neilson, J, Nelemans, G, Nelson, T, Nery, M, Neunzert, A, Nevin, L, Ng, K, Ng, S, Nguyen, C, Nguyen, P, Nichols, D, Nichols, S, Nissanke, S, Nocera, F, North, C, Nuttall, L, Obergaulinger, M, Oberling, J, O'Brien, B, Oganesyan, G, Ogin, G, Oh, J, Oh, S, Ohme, F, Ohta, H, Okada, M, Oliver, M, Oppermann, P, Oram, R, O'Reilly, B, Ormiston, R, Ortega, L, O'Shaughnessy, R, Ossokine, S, Ottaway, D, Overmier, H, Owen, B, Pace, A, Pagano, G, Page, M, Pagliaroli, G, Pai, A, Pai, S, Palamos, J, Palashov, O, Palomba, C, Pan, H, Panda, P, Pang, P, Pankow, C, Pannarale, F, Pant, B, Paoletti, F, Paoli, A, Parida, A, Parker, W, Pascucci, D, Pasqualetti, A, Passaquieti, R, Passuello, D, Patil, M, Patricelli, B, Payne, E, Pearlstone, B, Pechsiri, T, Pedersen, A, Pedraza, M, Pedurand, R, Pele, A, Penn, S, Perego, A, Perez, C, Perigois, C, Perreca, A, Petermann, J, Pfeiffer, H, Phelps, M, Phukon, K, Piccinni, O, Pichot, M, Piergiovanni, F, Pierro, V, Pillant, G, Pinard, L, Pinto, I, Pirello, M, Pitkin, M, Plastino, W, Poggiani, R, Pong, D, Ponrathnam, S, Popolizio, P, Porter, E, Powell, J, Prajapati, A, Prasad, J, Prasai, K, Prasanna, R, Pratten, G, Prestegard, T, Principe, M, Prodi, G, Prokhorov, L, Punturo, M, Puppo, P, Purrer, M, Qi, H, Quetschke, V, Quinonez, P, Raab, F, Raaijmakers, G, Radkins, H, Radulesco, N, Raffai, P, Raja, S, Rajan, C, Rajbhandari, B, Rakhmanov, M, Ramirez, K, Ramos-Buades, A, Rana, J, Rao, K, Rapagnani, P, Raymond, V, Razzano, M, Read, J, Regimbau, T, Rei, L, Reid, S, Reitze, D, Rettegno, P, Ricci, F, Richardson, C, Richardson, J, Ricker, P, Riemenschneider, G, Riles, K, Rizzo, M, Robertson, N, Robinet, F, Rocchi, A, Rolland, L, Rollins, J, Roma, V, Romanelli, M, Romano, J, Romano, R, Romel, C, Romie, J, Rose, C, Rose, D, Rose, K, Rosinska, D, Rosofsky, S, Ross, M, Rowan, S, Rudiger, A, Ruggi, P, Rutins, G, Ryan, K, Sachdev, S, Sadecki, T, Sakellariadou, M, Salafia, O, Salconi, L, Saleem, M, Samajdar, A, Sammut, L, Sanchez, E, Sanchez, L, Sanchis-Gual, N, Sanders, J, Santiago, K, Santos, E, Sarin, N, Sassolas, B, Sathyaprakash, B, Sauter, O, Savage, R, Schale, P, Scheel, M, Scheuer, J, Schmidt, P, Schnabel, R, Schofield, R, Schonbeck, A, Schreiber, E, Schulte, B, Schutz, B, Scott, J, Scott, S, Seidel, E, Sellers, D, Sengupta, A, Sennett, N, Sentenac, D, Sequino, V, Sergeev, A, Setyawati, Y, Shaddock, D, Shaffer, T, Shahriar, M, Shaner, M, Sharma, A, Sharma, P, Shawhan, P, Shen, H, Shink, R, Shoemaker, D, Shukla, K, Shyamsundar, S, Siellez, K, Sieniawska, M, Sigg, D, Singer, L, Singh, D, Singh, N, Singhal, A, Sintes, A, Sitmukhambetov, S, Skliris, V, Slagmolen, B, Slaven-Blair, T, Smith, J, Smith, R, Somala, S, Son, E, Soni, S, Sorazu, B, Sorrentino, F, Souradeep, T, Sowell, E, Spencer, A, Spera, M, Srivastava, A, Srivastava, V, Staats, K, Stachie, C, Standke, M, Steer, D, Steinke, M, Steinlechner, J, Steinlechner, S, Steinmeyer, D, Stevenson, S, Stocks, D, Stone, R, Stops, D, Strain, K, Stratta, G, Strigin, S, Strunk, A, Sturani, R, Stuver, A, Sudhir, V, Summerscales, T, Sun, L, Sunil, S, Sur, A, Suresh, J, Sutton, P, Swinkels, B, Szczepanczyk, M, Tacca, M, Tait, S, Talbot, C, Tanner, D, Tao, D, Tapai, M, Tapia, A, Tasson, J, Taylor, R, Tenorio, R, Terkowski, L, Thomas, M, Thomas, P, Thondapu, S, Thorne, K, Thrane, E, Tiwari, S, Tiwari, V, Toland, K, Tonelli, M, Tornasi, Z, Torres-Forne, A, Torrie, C, Toyr, D, Travasso, F, Traylor, G, Tringali, M, Tripathee, A, Trovato, A, Trozzo, L, Tsang, K, Tse, M, Tso, R, Tsukada, L, Tsuna, D, Tsutsui, T, Tuyenbayev, D, Ueno, K, Ugolini, D, Unnikrishnan, C, Urban, A, Usman, S, Vahlbruch, H, Vajente, G, Valdes, G, Valentini, M, Bakel, N, Beuzekom, M, Brand, J, Broeck, C, Vander-Hyde, D, Schaaf, L, Vanheijningen, J, Veggel, A, Vardaro, M, Varma, V, Vass, S, Vasuth, M, Vecchio, A, Vedovato, G, Veitch, J, Veitch, P, Venkateswara, K, Venugopalan, G, Verkindt, D, Vetrano, F, Vicere, A, Viets, A, Vinciguerra, S, Vine, D, Vinet, J, Vitale, S, Vo, T, Vocca, H, Vorvick, C, Vyatchanin, S, Wade, A, Wade, L, Wade, M, Walet, R, Walker, M, Wallace, L, Walsh, S, Wang, H, Wang, J, Wang, S, Wang, W, Wang, Y, Ward, R, Warden, Z, Warner, J, Was, M, Watchi, J, Weaver, B, Wei, L, Weinert, M, Weinstein, A, Weiss, R, Wellmann, F, Wen, L, Wessel, E, Wessels, P, Westhouse, J, Wette, K, Whelan, J, Whiting, B, Whittle, C, Wilken, D, Williams, D, Williamson, A, Willis, J, Willke, B, Winkler, W, Wipf, C, Wittel, H, Woan, G, Woehler, J, Wofford, J, Wright, J, Wu, D, Wysocki, D, Xiao, S, Xu, R, Yamamoto, H, Yancey, C, Yang, L, Yang, Y, Yang, Z, Yap, M, Yazback, M, Yeeles, D, Yu, H, Yuen, S, Zadrozny, A, Zanolin, M, Zelenova, T, Zendri, J, Zevin, M, Zhang, J, Zhang, L, Zhang, T, Zhao, C, Zhao, G, Zhou, M, Zhou, Z, Zhu, X, Zimmerman, A, Zucker, M, Zweizig, J, Laboratoire des matériaux avancés (LMA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Relativiste Théories Expériences Métrologie Instrumentation Signaux (ARTEMIS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (Institut FOTON), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB [Collège de France]), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Collège de France (CdF)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Lumière Matière [Villeurbanne] (ILM), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ESPCI ParisTech, Institut des Hautes Etudes Scientifiques (IHES), IHES, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LIGO Scientific, Virgo, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques (IHES), VIRGO, (Astro)-Particles Physics, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution)), Spectroscopies optiques des matériaux verres, amorphes et à nanoparticules (SOPRANO), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LIGO Scientific Collaboration, Virgo Collaboration, Arène, M., Bécsy, B., Bustillo, J. Calderón, Diaz, J. Casanueva, Cavaglià, M., Cerdá-Durán, P., Cieślar, M., Cordero-Carrión, I., Dálya, G., D’Angelo, B., D’Antonio, S., Deléglise, S., Pozzo, W. Del, de Varona, O., Díaz, M. C., Vivanco, Francisco Hernandez, Fronzè, G., García-Quirós, C., Ghosh, Abhirup, Ghosh, Archisman, González, G., Gupta, Anchal, Hübner, M. T., Kéfélian, F., Kim, Chunglee, Krämer, C., Królak, A., Kumar, Rahul, Kumar, Rakesh, Lück, H., Hernandez, I. Magaña, Magaña-Sandoval, F., Márka, S., Márka, Z., Villa, E. Mejuto, Mukherjee, Arunava, Mukherjee, Subroto, Muñiz, E. A., O’Brien, B. D., Oram, Richard J., O’Reilly, B., O’Shaughnessy, R., Périgois, C., Pinto, I. M., Pürrer, M., Rana, Javed, Rosińska, D., Rüdiger, A., Schönbeck, A., Szczepańczyk, M. J., Tápai, M., Tiwari, Shubhanshu, Tiwari, Srishti, Torres-Forné, A., Töyrä, D., Bakel, N. van, Beuzekom, M. van, Brand, J. F. J. van den, Broeck, C. Van Den, Schaaf, L. van der, Veggel, A. A. van, Vasúth, M., Viceré, A., Weßels, P., Yu, Hang, Yu, Haocun, Zadrożny, A. K., Zadrożny, A., RS: FSE MSP, Grav. waves and fundamental physics, RS: FSE Grav. waves and fundamental physics, Faculty of Science, Gravitation and Astroparticle Physics Amsterdam, Other Research IHEF (IoP, FNWI), IoP (FNWI), and Astroparticle Physics (IHEF, IoP, FNWI)

Subjects
Gravitació, neutron star: binary, cosmological model, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astronomy, Gravitational Waves, Hubble constant, O2, LIGO, Virgo, detector: network, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, LIGO, dark energy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QC, Physics, Settore FIS/01, Hubble constant, Settore FIS/05, CATALOG, Physical Sciences, symbols, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), DATA RELEASE, COSMOLOGICAL PARAMETERS, FOS: Physical sciences, O2, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, LUMINOSITY FUNCTIONS, gravitational radiation: direct detection, Gravitational-wave astronomy, 1ST, Article, electromagnetic field: production, symbols.namesake, Binary black hole, 0103 physical sciences, DISTRIBUTIONS, K-CORRECTIONS, SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy, Astrophysique, STFC, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Gravitational Waves, Science & Technology, Gravitational wave, Virgo, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, cosmology, gravitational waves, 310 Galaxies and Cosmology, Galaxy, EVOLUTION, Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::520 | Astronomie, Kartographie, gravitational radiation detector, VIRGO, black hole: binary, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], DENSITY, gravitational radiation: emission, Dark energy, Astronomia, ddc:520, galaxy, Gravitational wave astronomy, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Hubble's law
Abstract

This paper presents the gravitational-wave measurement of the Hubble constant (H 0) using the detections from the first and second observing runs of the Advanced LIGO and Virgo detector network. The presence of the transient electromagnetic counterpart of the binary neutron star GW170817 led to the first standard-siren measurement of H 0. Here we additionally use binary black hole detections in conjunction with galaxy catalogs and report a joint measurement. Our updated measurement is H 0 = km s-1 Mpc-1 (68.3% of the highest density posterior interval with a flat-in-log prior) which is an improvement by a factor of 1.04 (about 4%) over the GW170817-only value of km s-1 Mpc-1. A significant additional contribution currently comes from GW170814, a loud and well-localized detection from a part of the sky thoroughly covered by the Dark Energy Survey. With numerous detections anticipated over the upcoming years, an exhaustive understanding of other systematic effects are also going to become increasingly important. These results establish the path to cosmology using gravitational-wave observations with and without transient electromagnetic counterparts., 0, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
2021

216. Scheelite coatings on SiC fiber: Effect of coating temperature and atmosphere

Author

Binbin Wu, Xiaofeng Zhao, Na Ni, Fangwei Guo, Xiaohui Fan, Ping Xiao, and Qi Ding

Subjects
Materials science, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, Atmosphere, chemistry.chemical_compound, stomatognathic system, Coating, 0103 physical sciences, Ultimate tensile strength, Materials Chemistry, Thermal stability, Composite material, 010302 applied physics, Calcium salts, Process Chemistry and Technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, chemistry, Scheelite, Ceramics and Composites, engineering, Degradation (geology), Sic fiber, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

Scheelite coating was deposited on SiC fiber tows from various liquid-phase precursors followed by heat treatments between 900 °C and 1100 °C in different atmospheres. The tensile strength was fully retained for the coated fibers treated at 900 °C in vacuum. Subsequent heat treatment at 1100 °C in Ar had little effect on the fiber strength, which is explained by the excepted good thermal stability between the scheelite coating and SiC fiber. However, larger strength degradation and poor spool ability of coated fibers prepared in Ar/air were found. Assisted oxidation of SiC fiber by calcium salts is suggested to be responsible for the much larger strength degradation of fibers prepared in Ar/air.

Published
2021

217. A complete search for redshift z ≳ 6.5 quasars in the VIKING survey

Author

Paul C. Hewett, Daniel J. Mortlock, Nicholas Cross, Xiaohui Fan, Stephen J. Warren, Feige Wang, Rhys Barnett, Science and Technology Facilities Council, and Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)

Subjects
Physics, education.field_of_study, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, astro-ph.GA, Population, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Lambda, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 01 natural sciences, Galaxy, Redshift, Photometry (optics), Space and Planetary Science, 0201 Astronomical and Space Sciences, 0103 physical sciences, astro-ph.CO, Selection method, education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present the results of a new, deeper, and complete search for high-redshift $6.56.5$ quasars in this field. Additional observations of the other 17 candidates, primarily DESI Legacy Survey photometry and ESO FORS2 spectroscopy, confirm that none is a quasar. This is the first complete sample from the VIKING survey, and we provide the computed selection function. We include a detailed comparison of the BMC method against two other selection methods: colour cuts and minimum-$\chi^2$ SED fitting. We find that: i) BMC produces eight times fewer false positives than colour cuts, while also reaching 0.3 mag. deeper, ii) the minimum-$\chi^2$ SED fitting method is extremely efficient but reaches 0.7 mag. less deep than the BMC method, and selects only one of the four known quasars. We show that BMC candidates, rejected because their photometric SEDs have high $\chi^2$ values, include bright examples of galaxies with very strong [OIII]$\lambda\lambda$4959,5007 emission in the $Y$ band, identified in fainter surveys by Matsuoka et al. This is a potential contaminant population in Euclid searches for faint $z>7$ quasars, not previously accounted for, and that requires better characterisation., Comment: Accepted for MNRAS

Published
2020

218. Importance of intensive mixing on sintering with fine-grained iron ore materials: characterization and function mechanism

Author

Gan Min, Zhang Yixiong, Huang Xiaoxian, Xuling Chen, Xiaohui Fan, and Ji Zhiyun

Subjects
lcsh:TN1-997, Mineralization (geology), Materials science, Iron ore sintering, Mixing (process engineering), Sintering, 02 engineering and technology, Raw material, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, Biomaterials, Granulation, Fine-grained iron ore materials, 0103 physical sciences, lcsh:Mining engineering. Metallurgy, 010302 applied physics, Moisture, Metallurgy, Metals and Alloys, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Iron ore, Ceramics and Composites, engineering, Intensive mixer, 0210 nano-technology, Dispersion (chemistry), Function mechanism
Abstract

This investigation mainly focused on revealing the importance and function mechanism of intensive mixer on sintering performance with 100% fine-grained iron ore materials (the proportion of −0.074 mm exceeding 80%) through both lab-scale tests and statistic analyses. Results indicated that compared with conventional drum mixing, the intensive mixing reduced the proper moisture consumption considerably from 9.25% to 8.75%, while both the granulation effect and sinter product quality achieved a remarkable improvement. Intensive mixer realized the uniform dispersion of moisture, Ca(OH)2 and coarse nuclear particles (>0.5 mm), contributing to improving the utilization of moisture, and benefiting the granulation of fine iron ores through capillary force; the uniform dispersion of Ca(OH)2 benefited the growth of granules, and also improved the mechanical strength due to the binding effect of Ca(OH)2; the uniform dispersion of nuclear particles benefited forming granules mainly within the desirable size range of 3–8 mm. All these improvements optimized the bed permeability and mineralization process of raw materials during sintering process, which were the key factors to the improved sinter performance. The result findings are useful for guiding the application of intensive mixers in practical plants using high-proportion fine-grained iron ore materials.

Published
2020

220. Novel fluorescence biosensor custom-made for protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B detection based on titanium dioxide-decorated single-walled carbon nanohorn nanocomposite

Author

Tingting Feng, Shuzhu Yan, Shanshan Hou, and Xiaohui Fan

Subjects
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1, Titanium, Biosensing Techniques, Peptides, Instrumentation, Spectroscopy, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Carbon, Analytical Chemistry, Nanocomposites
Abstract

This paper presents a new fluorescent approach for the detection of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) based on titanium dioxide-decorated single-wall carbon nanohorns (TiO

Published
2022

221. Submillimetre galaxies in two massive protoclusters at z = 2.24: witnessing the enrichment of extreme starbursts in the outskirts of HAE density peaks

Author

Yuheng Zhang, Xian Zhong Zheng, Dong Dong Shi, Yu Gao, Helmut Dannerbauer, Fang Xia An, Xinwen Shu, Zhen-Kai Gao, Wei-Hao Wang, Xin Wang, Zheng Cai, Xiaohui Fan, Min Fang, Zhizheng Pan, Wenhao Liu, Qinghua Tan, Jianbo Qin, Jian Ren, Man Qiao, Run Wen, and Shuang Liu

Subjects
Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

Submillimetre galaxies represent a rapid growth phase of both star formation and massive galaxies. Mapping SMGs in galaxy protoclusters provides key insights into where and how these extreme starbursts take place in connections with the assembly of the large-scale structure in the early Universe. We search for SMGs at 850$\,\mu m$ using JCMT/SCUBA-2 in two massive protoclusters at $z=2.24$, BOSS1244 and BOSS1542, and detect 43 and 54 sources with $S_{850}>4\,$mJy at the $4\sigma$ level within an effective area of 264$\,$arcmin$^2$, respectively. We construct the intrinsic number counts and find that the abundance of SMGs is $2.0\pm0.3$ and $2.1\pm0.2$ times that of the general fields, confirming that BOSS1244 and BOSS1542 contain a higher fraction of dusty galaxies with strongly enhanced star formation. The volume densities of the SMGs are estimated to be $\sim15-$30 times the average, significantly higher than the overdensity factor ($\sim 6$) traced by H$\alpha$ emission-line galaxies (HAEs). More importantly, we discover a prominent offset between the spatial distributions of the two populations in these two protoclusters -- SMGs are mostly located around the high-density regions of HAEs, and few are seen inside these regions. This finding may have revealed for the first time the occurrence of violent star formation enhancement in the outskirts of the HAE density peaks, likely driven by the boosting of gas supplies and/or starburst triggering events. Meanwhile, the lack of SMGs inside the most overdense regions at $z\sim2$ implies a transition to the environment disfavouring extreme starbursts., Comment: 16pages, 11figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS

Published
2022

222. Single-cell analysis reveals a pathogenic cellular module associated with early allograft dysfunction after liver transplantation

Author

Zheng Wang, Xin Shao, Kai Wang, Xiaoyan Lu, Li Zhuang, Xinyu Yang, Ping Zhang, Penghui Yang, Shusen Zheng, Xiao Xu, and Xiaohui Fan

Abstract

Liver transplantation (LT) is the standard therapy for patients with end-stage liver disease. Although LT technology has markedly progressed in recent decades, early allograft dysfunction (EAD) exacerbates the current organ shortage and impacts the prognosis of recipients. However, understanding of cellular characteristics and molecular events contributing to EAD is limited. Here, a large single-cell transcriptomic atlas of transplanted livers collected from four patients is constructed, including 58,243 cells, which are classified into 14 cell types and 29 corresponding subtypes with known markers, including liver parenchymal cells and non-parenchymal cells with different cell states. Compared to the pre-LT livers, graft remodeling is noted in the post-LT livers, with marked changes in several immune cells in either cell ratios or cell states. More importantly, an EAD-associated pathogenic cellular module is identified, consisting of mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, granzyme B (GZMB)+ granzyme K (GZMK)+ natural killer (NK) cells, and S100A12+ neutrophils, all of which are elevated in EAD patient after LT. This cellular module is also verified in two independent datasets. Collectively, these results reveal the cellular characteristics of transplanted livers and the EAD-associated pathogenic cellular module at the single-cell level, offering new insights into the EAD occurrence after LT.

Published
2022

224. Splenic Diffuse Red Pulp Small B-Cell Lymphoma with Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage: A Case Report and Literature Review

Author

Depeng Li, Yanqiu Xu, Lingling Yin, Kailin Xu, Zhenyu Li, Tingting Qiu, Feng Zhu, Jieyun Xia, Cai Sun, Linyan Xu, Xiaomin Zhong, and Xiaohui Fan

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Enteroscopy, Chemotherapy, Vincristine, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, CHOP, medicine.disease, Anus, Gastroenterology, Hematochezia, Lymphoma, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Internal medicine, medicine, medicine.symptom, business, Rare disease, medicine.drug
Abstract

Background Splenic diffuse red pulp small B-cell lymphoma (SDRPSBCL) is rare and accounts for less than 1% of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. As the first or accompanying symptoms of SDRPSBCL, gastrointestinal hemorrhage (GIH) is rather unusual. Patients and methods We reported on a patient with SDRPSBCL complicated with GIH. According to the enteroscopy, pathological sections of spleen and intestine, immunohistochemistry and other related laboratory examinations, the patient was diagnosed as SDRPSBCL (stage IVb) complicated with colon and rectal ulcers. The clinical manifestations were hematochezia, unformed stool, continuous anal pain and poor quality of life. Subsequently, the patient was treated by six cycles of CHOP (cyclophosphamide + doxorubicin + vincristine + hydroprednisone) regimens. The clinical features, diagnosis and treatment were analyzed retrospectively and the relevant literatures were reviewed. Results After the first course of chemotherapy, the patient did not have any more bloody stool and the stool was shaped. After six cycles of chemotherapy, the patient's anus was no longer painful and he has been in complete remission according to the result of positron emission tomography CT. Conclusion Through analysis of this case, we could elucidate that after the primary disease was alleviated, the bleeding degree of digestive tract was relieved, which provided the basis for the clinical treatment of this rare disease.

Published
2020

225. Strong and tough HfC-HfB2 solid-solution composites obtained by reactive sintering with a SiB6 additive

Author

Hao Wei, Ping Xiao, Yao Yao, Xiaohui Fan, Xiaofeng Zhao, Yi Guo, Huangyue Cai, and Na Ni

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Toughness, Materials science, Process Chemistry and Technology, Composite number, Sintering, 02 engineering and technology, Plasma, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Flexural strength, visual_art, 0103 physical sciences, Materials Chemistry, Ceramics and Composites, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Ceramic, Composite material, 0210 nano-technology, Composite microstructure, Solid solution
Abstract

HfC-HfB2 composite ceramics were successfully reactively spark plasma sintered with a unique SiB6 additive. The incorporation of the SiB6 not only promotes the densification of HfC (up to ~99%), but also significantly enhances the toughness from 4.3 ± 0.5 MPa m1/2 to 14.2 ± 1.4 MPa m1/2. The flexural strength of the HfC-HfB2 composite ceramics was simultaneously improved to 529 ± 48 MPa, which is about 1.4 times higher than that of HfC. This improvement is attributed to the dense composite microstructure comprising an in-situ formed HfB2 and a solid solution of Si and O in HfC and HfB2 grains.

Published
2020

226. Strength retention in scheelite coated SiC fibers: Effect of the gas composition and pre-heat treatment

Author

Xiaofeng Zhao, Xiaohui Fan, Fangwei Guo, Binbin Wu, Na Ni, and Ping Xiao

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Materials science, Fractography, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Corrosion, Stress (mechanics), chemistry.chemical_compound, stomatognathic system, chemistry, Coating, Scheelite, 0103 physical sciences, Ultimate tensile strength, Materials Chemistry, Ceramics and Composites, engineering, Gas composition, Composite material, Stress corrosion cracking, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

Scheelite coating was deposited on SiC fiber tows from various liquid-phase precursors at 1100℃. Strength degradation of SiC fiber was found after fiber coating which was found to be caused by the stress corrosion as a result of gases generated from the decomposition of by-products remaining in the coating. A new and simple method of low temperature pre-heat treatment was adopted to eliminate the stress corrosion in the fiber coating process and to isolate the effect of different types of gases on the stress corrosion cracking of fibers. The tensile strength and fractography of samples with and without pre-heat treatment were compared. Furthermore, the effect of gas composition on the strength degradation of SiC fiber was also investigated through the control experiments.

Published
2020

227. A thirty-four billion solar mass black hole in SMSS J2157–3602, the most luminous known quasar

Author

Xiaohui Fan, Christopher A. Onken, Jinyi Yang, Fuyan Bian, Feige Wang, and Christian Wolf

Subjects
Physics, Solar mass, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 01 natural sciences, Redshift, Luminosity, Black hole, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), 0103 physical sciences, Emission spectrum, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract

From near-infrared spectroscopic measurements of the MgII emission line doublet, we estimate the black hole (BH) mass of the quasar, SMSS J215728.21-360215.1, as being (3.4 +/- 0.6) x 10^10 M_sun and refine the redshift of the quasar to be z=4.692. SMSS J2157 is the most luminous known quasar, with a 3000A luminosity of (4.7 +/- 0.5) x 10^47 erg/s and an estimated bolometric luminosity of 1.6 x 10^48 erg/s, yet its Eddington ratio is only ~0.4. Thus, the high luminosity of this quasar is a consequence of its extremely large BH -- one of the most massive BHs at z > 4., 7 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS

Published
2020

228. Preliminary calibration results for Jason-3 and Sentinel-3 altimeters in the Wanshan Islands

Author

Wanlin Zhai, Xiaohui Fan, Chuntao Chen, Zhen Tian, Jianhua Zhu, and Longhao Yan

Subjects
business.industry, Microwave radiometer, Sea-surface height, Oceanography, Geodesy, Geoid, Calibration, Global Positioning System, Environmental science, Tide gauge, Altimeter, business, Zenith, Water Science and Technology
Abstract

We present preliminary calibration results for Jason-3 and Sentinel-3A altimeters that we set up in the Wanshan Islands in Guandong Province, China. Two campaigns were carried out in 2018, from March 8 to April 16 and from November 3 to December 11, 2018. Three GPS reference stations and tide gauges were established on the islands of Zhiwan, Dangan, and Wailingding during the campaigns. The in-situ sea surface height (SSH) of the altimeter footprint was determined using the tide gauge. The tidal and geoid connection between the tide gauge locations and the altimeter footprints were computed with the NAO.99Jb tidal prediction system and the EGM 2008 geoid, respectively. The data of the tide gauges were defined using the GPS buoy and GPS reference stations during the campaigns. The results show that the waveform of the altimeters was slightly contaminated by the small islands. The bias associated with Jason-3 and Sentinel-3A amounted to approximately +20.7±49.7 mm and +30.1±39.4 mm, respectively, which agreed well with the results from other in-situ calibration fields. This indicates that the Wanshan area was very suitable as an in-situ calibration/validation field. The wet zenith delay (WZD) determined from the Microwave Radiometer (MWR) and the GPS measurements differed from each other for the Jason-3 and Sentinel-3A by -6.6±7.4 mm and 0±6.8 mm, respectively.

Published
2020

229. Flexible and robust YAG-Al2O3 composite nanofibrous membranes enabled by a hybrid nanocrystalline-amorphous structure

Author

Fangwei Guo, Xiaohui Fan, Na Ni, Jiang Juan, Xiaofeng Zhao, and Ping Xiao

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Materials science, Composite number, Sintering, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Microstructure, 01 natural sciences, Electrospinning, Amorphous solid, Membrane, visual_art, 0103 physical sciences, Ultimate tensile strength, Materials Chemistry, Ceramics and Composites, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Ceramic, Composite material, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

A flexible and robust YAG-Al2O3 composite nanofibrous membrane was fabricated by a combination of sol-gel and electrospinning methods, then a sintering at 900 °C. The effects of Al2O3 on the microstructure and mechanical performance of YAG nanofibrous membranes were investigated. The YAG nanofibrous membrane is brittle but the composite membranes exhibit a brittle-to-flexible transformation as the Al2O3 content reaches 30 wt.%, which can be attributed to an optimized dense hybrid microstructure consisting of finer YAG grain size surrounded by amorphous Al2O3. The YAG-30 wt.% Al2O3 nanofibrous membrane sintered at 900 °C shows a tensile strength of 3.52±0.31 MPa, three times of that of pure Al2O3 sintered at the same temperature. The membrane still presents a decent flexibility with a tensile strength of 0.75±0.25 MPa after sintering at 1000 °C, which is at least 100 °C higher than the sintering temperature of most reported ceramic nanofibrous membranes.

Published
2020

230. New avenues for systematically inferring cell-cell communication: through single-cell transcriptomics data

Author

Xiaohui Fan, Xiaoyan Lu, Huajun Chen, Xin Shao, and Jie Liao

Subjects
ligand-receptor interaction, Cell signaling, Computer science, network biology, Single cell transcriptomics, Communication studies, Cell Communication, Review, Biochemistry, single-cell RNA sequencing, Drug Discovery, Animals, Humans, RNA-Seq, physical contact-dependent communication, cell-cell communication, Structure (mathematical logic), QH573-671, QP501-801, Cell Biology, Cellular phenotype, Data science, Animal biochemistry, Multicellular organism, Workflow, chemical signal-dependent communication, Single-Cell Analysis, Cytology, Transcriptome, Biological network, Biotechnology
Abstract

For multicellular organisms, cell-cell communication is essential to numerous biological processes. Drawing upon the latest development of single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq), high-resolution transcriptomic data have deepened our understanding of cellular phenotype heterogeneity and composition of complex tissues, which enables systematic cell-cell communication studies at a single-cell level. We first summarize a common workflow of cell-cell communication study using scRNA-seq data, which often includes data preparation, construction of communication networks, and result validation. Two common strategies taken to uncover cell-cell communications are reviewed, e.g., physically vicinal structure-based and ligand-receptor interaction-based one. To conclude, challenges and current applications of cell-cell communication studies at a single-cell resolution are discussed in details and future perspectives are proposed.

Published
2020

231. Measurement of the sea surface using a GPS towing-body in Wanshan area

Author

Wanlin Zhai, Xiaohui Fan, He Wang, Chuntao Chen, Longhao Yan, Jianhua Zhu, and Chaofei Ma

Subjects
Ground track, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Buoy, business.industry, Sea-surface height, Aquatic Science, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Oceanography, Geodesy, 01 natural sciences, Assisted GPS, Global Positioning System, Tide gauge, Satellite, Altimeter, business, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Wanshan area has been chosen to be the specified field to calibrate and validate (Cal/Val) the HY-2 altimeter and its follow-on satellites. In March 2018, an experiment has been conducted to determine the sea surface height (SSH) under the HY-2A ground track (Pass No. 203). A GPS towing-body (GPS-TB) was designed to measure the SSH covering an area of about 6 km×28 km wide centered on the HY-2A altimeter satellite ground track. Three GPS reference stations, one tide gauge and a GPS buoy were placed in the research area, in order to process and resolve the kinematic solution and check the precision of the GPS-TB respectively. All the GPS data were calculated by the GAMIT/GLOBK software and TRACK module. The sea surface was determined by the GPS-TB solution and the tide gauge placed on Zhiwan Island. Then the sea surface of this area was interpolated by ArcGIS 10.2 with ordinary Kriging method. The results showed that the precision of the GPS-TB is about 1.10 cm compared with the tide gauge placed nearby, which has an equivalent precision with the GPS buoy. The interpolated sea surface has a bias of −1.5–4.0 cm with standard deviation of 0.2–2.4 cm compared with the checking line. The gradient of the measured sea surface is about 1.62 cm/km along the HY-2 orbit which shows a good agreement compared with the CLS11 mean sea surface (MSS). In the Cal/Val of satellites, the sea surface between the tide gauge/GPS buoy and the footprint of altimeter can be improved by this work.

Published
2020

232. Continuous alumina fiber-reinforced yttria-stabilized zirconia composites with high density and toughness

Author

Xuewu Li, Na Ni, Xiaohui Fan, Ping Xiao, Chuanwei Li, and Xiaofeng Zhao

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Toughness, Materials science, Composite number, Spark plasma sintering, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Fracture toughness, Flexural strength, Coating, 0103 physical sciences, Materials Chemistry, Ceramics and Composites, engineering, Cubic zirconia, Composite material, 0210 nano-technology, Yttria-stabilized zirconia
Abstract

Continuous alumina fiber-reinforced yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) composites with a LaPO4 fiber coating were fabricated by slurry infiltration and spark plasma sintering (SPS). The LaPO4 coating was deposited on the reinforcement alumina fabrics by a modified sol-gel method. The YSZ slurry with good dispersion and stability was prepared by optimizing the pH value, dispersant addition and ball milling time. The fabricated composite with a high density of ∼ 92 % has a good flexural strength of 277 ± 43 MPa, and a superior fracture toughness of 15.93 ± 0.75 MPa·m1/2 exhibiting a non-brittle failure behavior. It was found that the LaPO4 coating reduced the residual stress near the fiber/matrix interface to 131 ± 41 MPa, which was 369 ± 63 MPa in the composite without the fiber coating. The LaPO4 coating renders a weak interphase to improve the composite toughness by activating several toughening mechanisms including crack deflection, fiber debonding and pullout, and delamination behavior.

Published
2020

233. Insight into the application of hydrogen-rich energy in iron ore sintering: Parameters optimization and function mechanism

Author

Ji Zhiyun, Haorui Li, Xiaohui Fan, Gan Min, Haoyu Zhou, Qian Liu, Huang Xiaoxian, and Xuling Chen

Subjects
021110 strategic, defence & security studies, Environmental Engineering, Materials science, Hydrogen, business.industry, General Chemical Engineering, Metallurgy, Fossil fuel, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Sintering, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, Calcium ferrite, 010501 environmental sciences, Research findings, 01 natural sciences, chemistry, Thermal, Environmental Chemistry, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, Iron ore sintering, business, Energy (signal processing), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

H2-rich gas has been widely regarded as a promising energy to substitute fossil energy in iron ore sintering process for CO2 reduction. This investigation mainly focused on researching the influences of H2-rich gas injection parameters over sintering bed on sintering performance, and elucidated the potential function mechanism through both experiment and numerical simulation. Results indicated that increasing injection concentration and prolonging injection time within a proper range improved sinter quality, and the recommended value was 0.6∼0.8 % and 8 min, respectively. Injecting H2-rich gas at earlier sintering stages achieved greater improvement in sintering quality compared with the ones injecting at later sintering stages, and the recommended injection area was 5∼13min. Both experiment and numerical simulation results indicated that injecting H2-rich improved the thermal patterns of sintering bed, with extended high-temperature areas for increasing the generation of high-strength calcium ferrite. Especially when injecting H2-rich gas under the recommended parameters, the heat distribution in sintering bed was optimized and the sintering quality of upper sintering layer was obviously improved. Finally, an injection method for guiding the industrial application with its essence to inject H2-rich at earlier sintering stages was proposed. The research findings provide a promising way for the efficient utilization of clean energy in iron ore sintering plants.

Published
2020

234. Process control technology of low NOx sintering based on coke pretreatment

Author

Gan Min, Wang Zhaocai, Xiaohui Fan, Zhou Zhi'an, and He Guoqiang

Subjects
Flue gas, Materials science, Metallurgy, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Metals and Alloys, General Engineering, Sintering, 02 engineering and technology, Coke, engineering.material, Granulation, 020401 chemical engineering, Iron ore, engineering, Slurry, 0204 chemical engineering, NOx, 021102 mining & metallurgy, Lime
Abstract

Process control is an effective approach to reduce the NOx emission from sintering flue gas. The effects of different materials adhered on coke breeze on NOx emission characteristics and sintering performance were studied. Results showed that the coke breeze adhered with the mixture of CaO and Fe2O3 or calcium ferrite significantly lowers the NOx emission concentration and conversion ratio of fuel-N to NOx. Pretreating the coke with the mixture of lime slurry and iron ore fines helped to improve the granulation effect, and optimize the carbon distribution in granules. When the mass ratio of coke breeze, quick lime, water and iron ore fines was 2:1:1:1, the average NOx emission concentration was decreased from 220 mg/m3 to 166 mg/m3, and the conversion ratio of fuel-N was reduced from 54.2% to 40.9%.

Published
2020

236. Lyman continuum escape fraction in Ly α emitters at z ≃ 3.1

Author

Xiaohui Fan and Fuyan Bian

Subjects
Physics, education.field_of_study, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Population, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Redshift, Galaxy, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Equivalent width, Dwarf galaxy
Abstract

We measure the Lyman continuum (LyC) escape fraction in 54 faint Lyman-alpha emitters (LAEs) at $z$ ≃ 3.1 in the GOODS-South field. With the average magnitude of R = 26.7 AB (MUV = −18.8 and L ≃ 0.1L*), these galaxies represent a population of compact young dwarf galaxies. Their properties are likely to resemble those in the galaxies responsible for reionizing the Universe at $z$ > 6. We do not detect LyC emission in any individual LAEs in the deep HST F336W images, which covers the rest-frame 820 Å. We do not detect the LyC emission of these LAEs in the stacked F336W images either. The 3σ upper limit of LyC escape fractions is $f_{\rm esc}\lt 14\!-\!32{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$. However, the high Ly α rest-frame equivalent width (EW), low stellar mass, and UV luminosity of these LAEs suggest that they should have $f_{\rm esc}\gt 50{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$. The low LyC escape fraction from this work and other stacking analyses suggests that the LyC-leaking galaxies with $f_{\rm esc}\gt 50{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ at $z$ = 2–3 do not follow the relation between fesc and UV luminosity and Ly α EW derived from typical galaxies at similar redshifts. Therefore, the UV luminosity and Ly α EW are not the best indicators for the LyC escape fraction.

Published
2020

237. Insight into a novel technique to regulate the emission profile of hazardous PM2.5 during iron ore sintering process

Author

Zhang Yixiong, Huang Binbin, Gan Min, Zhao Yuanjie, Xuling Chen, Xiaohui Fan, and Ji Zhiyun

Subjects
Novel technique, 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, Flue gas, Environmental Engineering, Materials science, General Chemical Engineering, Metallurgy, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Sintering, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Hazardous waste, Steel mill, Scientific method, Environmental Chemistry, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, Iron ore sintering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Iron ore sintering is an important emission source of PM2.5, the efficient control of which benefits green iron & steel manufacturing. The emission profile of PM2.5 and hazardous elements was investigated and the relationship between them was revealed, and then a novel method was developed to regulate PM2.5 emissions. Results showed that both PM2.5 and hazardous elements K, Na, Pb and Cl presented high-concentration emission at later sintering stages, during which hazardous elements were the main components of PM2.5. This phenomenon implied that the emission of PM2.5 throughout sintering process was accompanied by hazardous elements. Based on this property, a novel method based on regulating the removal and conversion area of hazards was developed to adjust PM2.5 emission profile, through controlling the distribution of special iron ores with higher contents of hazards in sintering bed. Distributing special iron ores in bottom sintering layer realized the high-concentration intensive emission of PM2.5 within a narrow area during the later sintering stages, where the emitted mass proportion of PM2.5 increased from 47.9% to 77.6%. The changed emission profile of PM2.5 make it possible to achieve the efficient and economic emission reduction as the part of flue gas needing deep purification was considerably decreased.

Published
2020

238. De novoanalysis of bulk RNA-seq data at spatially resolved single-cell resolution

Author

Jie Liao, Jingyang Qian, Yin Fang, Zhuo Chen, Xiang Zhuang, Ningyu Zhang, Xin Shao, Yining Hu, Penghui Yang, Junyun Cheng, Yang Hu, Lingqi Yu, Haihong Yang, Jinlu Zhang, Xiaoyan Lu, Li Shao, Dan Wu, Yue Gao, Huajun Chen, and Xiaohui Fan

Abstract

Uncovering the tissue molecular architecture at single-cell resolution could help better understand organisms’ biological and pathological processes. However, bulk RNA-seq can only measure gene expression in cell mixtures, without revealing the transcriptional heterogeneity and spatial patterns of single cells. Herein, we introduce Bulk2Space (https://github.com/ZJUFanLab/bulk2space), a deep learning framework-based spatial deconvolution algorithm that can simultaneously disclose the spatial and cellular heterogeneity of bulk RNA-seq data using existing single-cell and spatial transcriptomics references. The use of bulk transcriptomics to validate Bulk2Space unveils, in particular, the spatial variance of immune cells in different tumor regions, the molecular and spatial heterogeneity of tissues during inflammation-induced tumorigenesis, and spatial patterns of novel genes in different cell types. Moreover, Bulk2Space is utilized to perform spatial deconvolution analysis on bulk transcriptome data from two different mouse brain regions derived from our in-house developed sequencing approach termed Spatial-seq. We have not only reconstructed the hierarchical structure of the mouse isocortex but also further annotated cell types that were not identified by original methods in the mouse hypothalamus.

Published
2022

239. Inhibiting the activation of MAPK (ERK1/2) in stressed Müller cells prevents photoreceptor degeneration

Author

Shaoxue Zeng, Ting Zhang, Yingying Chen, Joshua Chu-Tan, Kaiyu Jin, So-Ra Lee, Michelle X Yam, Michele C. Madigan, Nilisha Fernando, Adrian Cioanca, Fanfan Zhou, Meidong Zhu, Junjun Zhang, Riccardo Natoli, Xiaohui Fan, Ling Zhu, and Mark C Gillies

Subjects
Mice, MAP Kinase Signaling System, Ependymoglial Cells, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein, Retinal Degeneration, Medicine (miscellaneous), Animals, Humans, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous), Transcription Factors
Published
2022

240. Molecular gas in z ~ 6 quasar host galaxies

Author

Roberto Decarli, Antonio Pensabene, Bram Venemans, Fabian Walter, Eduardo Bañados, Frank Bertoldi, Chris L. Carilli, Pierre Cox, Xiaohui Fan, Emanuele Paolo Farina, Carl Ferkinhoff, Brent A. Groves, Jianan Li, Chiara Mazzucchelli, Roberto Neri, Dominik A. Riechers, Bade Uzgil, Feige Wang, Ran Wang, Axel Weiss, Jan Martin Winters, and Jinyi Yang

Subjects
ISM galaxies, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, evolution galaxies, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), galaxies, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, star formation quasars, emission lines, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, high-redshift galaxies
Abstract

We investigate the molecular gas content of z~6 quasar host galaxies using the IRAM / Northern Extended Millimeter Array. We target the 3mm dust continuum, and the line emission from CO(6-5), CO(7-6), [CI]2-1 in 10 infra-red-luminous quasars that have been previously studied in their 1mm dust continuum and [CII] line emission. We detect CO(7-6) at various degrees of significance in all the targeted sources, thus doubling the number of such detections in z~6 quasars. The 3mm to 1mm flux density ratios are consistent with a modified black body spectrum with a dust temperature $T_{dust}$~47 K and an optical depth $\tau_{\nu}$=0.2 at the [CII] frequency. Our study provides us with four independent ways to estimate the molecular gas mass, $M_{H2}$, in the targeted quasars. This allows us to set constraints on various parameters used in the derivation of molecular gas mass estimates, such as the mass per luminosity ratios $\alpha_{CO}$ and $\alpha_{[CII]}$, the gas-to-dust ratio $\delta_{g/d}$, and the carbon abundance [C]/H2. Leveraging either on the dust, CO, [CI], or [CII] emission yields mass estimates of the entire sample in the range $M_{H2}$~$10^{10}$ to $10^{11}$ M$_{\odot}$. We compare the observed luminosities of dust, [CII], [CI], and CO(7-6) with predictions from photo-dissociation and X-ray dominated regions. We find that the former provide better model fits to our data, assuming that the bulk of the emission arises from dense ($n_H>10^4$ cm$^{-3}$) clouds with a column density $N_{H}$~$10^{23}$ cm$^{-2}$, exposed to a radiation field with intensity $G_0$~$10^3$ (in Habing units). Our analysis reiterates the presence of massive reservoirs of molecular gas fueling star formation and nuclear accretion in $z$~6 quasar host galaxies. It also highlights the power of combined 3mm and 1mm observations for quantitative studies of the dense gas content in massive galaxies at cosmic dawn., Comment: 13 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A

Published
2022

241. ALMA 200 pc imaging of a z~7 quasar reveals a compact, disk-like host galaxy

Author

Fabian Walter, Marcel Neeleman, Roberto Decarli, Bram Venemans, Romain Meyer, Axel Weiss, Eduardo Bañados, Sarah E. I. Bosman, Chris Carilli, Xiaohui Fan, Dominik Riechers, Hans–Walter Rix, and Todd A. Thompson

Subjects
Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

We present 0".035 resolution (~200 pc) imaging of the 158 um [CII] line and the underlying dust continuum of the z=6.9 quasar J234833.34-305410.0. The 18 h ALMA observations reveal extremely compact emission (diameter ~1 kpc) that is consistent with a simple, almost face-on, rotation-supported disk with a significant velocity dispersion of ~160 km/s. The gas mass in just the central 200 pc is ~4x10^9 M_sun, about a factor two higher than that of the central supermassive black hole. Consequently we do not resolve the black hole's sphere of influence, and find no kinematic signature of the central supermassive black hole. Kinematic modeling of the [CII] line shows that the dynamical mass at large radii is consistent with the gas mass, leaving little room for a significant mass contribution by stars and/or dark matter. The Toomre-Q parameter is less than unity throughout the disk, and thus is conducive to star formation, consistent with the high infrared luminosity of the system. The dust in the central region is optically thick, at a temperature >132 K. Using standard scaling relations of dust heating by star formation, this implies an unprecedented high star formation rate density of >10^4 M_sun / yr / kpc^2. Such a high number can still be explained with the Eddington limit for star formation under certain assumptions, but could also imply that the central supermassive black hole contributes to the heating of the dust in the central 110 pc., Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal

Published
2022
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242. Paving the way for Euclid and JWST via probabilistic selection of high-redshift quasars

Author

Riccardo Nanni, Joseph F Hennawi, Feige Wang, Jinyi Yang, Jan-Torge Schindler, and Xiaohui Fan

Subjects
Space and Planetary Science, galaxies, quasars, supermassive black holes, Astronomy and Astrophysics, active, early Universe, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We introduce a probabilistic approach to select 6 ≤ $z$ ≤ 8 quasar candidates for spectroscopic follow-up, which is based on density estimation in the high-dimensional space inhabited by the optical and near-infrared photometry. Densities are modelled as Gaussian mixtures with principled accounting of errors using the extreme deconvolution (XD) technique, generalizing an approach successfully used to select lower redshift ($z$ ≤ 3) quasars. We train the probability density of contaminants on 1902 071 7-d flux measurements from the 1076 deg2 overlapping area from the Dark Energy Camera Legacy Survey (DECaLS) ($z$), VIKING (YJHKs), and unWISE (W1W2) imaging surveys, after requiring they dropout of DECaLS g and r, whereas the distribution of high-$z$ quasars are trained on synthetic model photometry. Extensive simulations based on these density distributions and current estimates of the quasar luminosity function indicate that this method achieves a completeness of $\ge 56{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ and an efficiency of $\ge 5{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ for selecting quasars at 6 < $z$ < 8 with JAB < 21.5. Among the classified sources are 8 known 6 < $z$ < 7 quasars, of which 2/8 are selected suggesting a completeness $\simeq 25{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$, whereas classifying the 6 known (JAB < 21.5) quasars at $z$ > 7 from the entire sky, we select 5/6 or a completeness of $\simeq 80{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$. The failure to select the majority of 6 < $z$ < 7 quasars arises because our quasar density model is based on an empirical quasar spectral energy distribution model that underestimates the scatter in the distribution of fluxes. This new approach to quasar selection paves the way for efficient spectroscopic follow-up of Euclid quasar candidates with ground-based telescopes and James Webb Space Telescope.

Published
2022

243. Long dark gaps in the Ly β forest at z < 6: evidence of ultra-late reionization from XQR-30 spectra

Author

Yongda Zhu, George D. Becker, Sarah E. I. Bosman, Laura C. Keating, Valentina D’Odorico, Rebecca L. Davies, Holly M. Christenson, Eduardo Bañados, Fuyan Bian, Manuela Bischetti, Huanqing Chen, Frederick B. Davies, Anna-Christina Eilers, Xiaohui Fan, Prakash Gaikwad, Bradley Greig, Martin G. Haehnelt, Girish Kulkarni, Samuel Lai, Andrea Pallottini, Yuxiang Qin, Emma V. Ryan-Weber, Fabian Walter, Feige Wang, Jinyi Yang, Zhu, Y., Becker, G. D., Bosman, S. E. I., Keating, L. C., D'Odorico, V., Davies, R. L., Christenson, H. M., Banados, E., Bian, F., Bischetti, M., Chen, H., Davies, F. B., Eilers, A. -C., Fan, X., Gaikwad, P., Greig, B., Haehnelt, M. G., Kulkarni, G., Lai, S., Pallottini, A., Qin, Y., Ryan-Weber, E. V., Walter, F., Wang, F., Yang, J., Zhu, Yongda, Becker, George D., Bosman, Sarah E. I., Keating, Laura C., D’Odorico, Valentina, Davies, Rebecca L., Christenson, Holly M., Bañados, Eduardo, Bian, Fuyan, Bischetti, Manuela, Chen, Huanqing, Davies, Frederick B., Eilers, Anna-Christina, Fan, Xiaohui, Gaikwad, Prakash, Greig, Bradley, Haehnelt, Martin G., Kulkarni, Girish, Lai, Samuel, Pallottini, Andrea, Qin, Yuxiang, Ryan-Weber, Emma V., Walter, Fabian, Wang, Feige, and Yang, Jinyi

Subjects
IGM, Lyman-alphaforest, Astronomy and Astrophysics, thermal state, redshift, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, optical depth, Reionization, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, Space and Planetary Science, hydrogen reionization, evolution, High-redshift galaxies, Quasar absorption line spectroscopy, intergalactic medium, luminosity function, transmission spike, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present a new investigation of the intergalactic medium (IGM) near reionization using dark gaps in the Lyman-$\beta$ (Ly$\beta$) forest. With its lower optical depth, Ly$\beta$ offers a potentially more sensitive probe to any remaining neutral gas compared to commonly used Ly$\alpha$ line. We identify dark gaps in the Ly$\beta$ forest using spectra of 42 QSOs at $z_{\rm em}>5.5$, including new data from the XQR-30 VLT Large Programme. Approximately $40\%$ of these QSO spectra exhibit dark gaps longer than $10h^{-1}{\rm Mpc}$ at $z\simeq5.8$. By comparing the results to predictions from simulations, we find that the data are broadly consistent both with models where fluctuations in the Ly$\alpha$ forest are caused solely by ionizing ultraviolet background (UVB) fluctuations and with models that include large neutral hydrogen patches at $z, Comment: 17 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ. The Figure set and machine readable table are available at https://ydzhuastro.github.io/lyb.html

Published
2022

244. Deep XMM-Newton observations of an x-ray weak broad absorption line quasar at z = 6.5

Author

Jinyi Yang, Xiaohui Fan, Feige Wang, Giorgio Lanzuisi, Riccardo Nanni, Massimo Cappi, George Chartas, Mauro Dadina, Roberto Decarli, Xiangyu Jin, Charles R. Keeton, Bram P. Venemans, Fabian Walter, Ran Wang, Xue-Bing Wu, Minghao Yue, and Ann Zabludoff

Subjects
Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

We report X-ray observations of the most distant known gravitationally lensed quasar, J0439+1634 at $z=6.52$, which is also a broad absorption line (BAL) quasar, using the XMM-Newton Observatory. With a 130 ks exposure, the quasar is significantly detected as a point source at the optical position with a total of 358$^{+19}_{-19}$ net counts using the EPIC instrument. By fitting a power-law plus Galactic absorption model to the observed spectra, we obtain a spectral slope of $\Gamma=1.45^{+0.10}_{-0.09}$. The derived optical-to-X-ray spectral slope $\alpha_{\rm{ox}}$ is $-2.07^{+0.01}_{-0.01}$, suggesting that the X-ray emission of J0439+1634 is weaker by a factor of 18 than the expectation based on its 2500 Angstrom luminosity and the average $\alpha_{\rm{ox}}$ vs. luminosity relationship. This is the first time that an X-ray weak BAL quasar at $z>6$ has been observed spectroscopically. Its X-ray weakness is consistent with the properties of BAL quasars at lower redshift. By fitting a model including an intrinsic absorption component, we obtain intrinsic column densities of $N_{\rm{H}}=2.8^{+0.7}_{-0.6}\times10^{23}\,\rm{cm}^{-2}$ and $N_{\rm{H}}= 4.3^{+1.8}_{-1.5}\times10^{23}\,\rm{cm}^{-2}$, assuming a fixed $\Gamma$ of 1.9 and a free $\Gamma$, respectively. The intrinsic rest-frame 2--10 keV luminosity is derived as $(9.4-15.1)\times10^{43}\,\rm{erg\,s}^{-1}$, after correcting for lensing magnification ($\mu=51.3$). The absorbed power-law model fitting indicates that J0439+1634 is the highest redshift obscured quasar with a direct measurement of the absorbing column density. The intrinsic high column density absorption can reduce the X-ray luminosity by a factor of $3-7$, which also indicates that this quasar could be a candidate of intrinsically X-ray weak quasar., Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, 1 table; Accepted for publication in ApJL

Published
2022

245. Rapid detection of fluoroquinolone residues in aquatic products based on a gold-labeled microwell immunochromatographic assay

Author

Jiaxu Xiao, Hongfei Yang, Liangni Qin, Jixiang Liang, Long Li, Xiaohui Fan, and Dapeng Peng

Subjects
Food Science
Abstract

Objectives Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are widely used in aquaculture, and their residues have caused many problems threatening human health. Here, this study aims to develop a colloidal gold immunochromatographic strip based on gold-labeled microwells to screen the residues of FQs on site. Materials and methods The Protein A Magarose Beads affinity chromatography method was adopted to purify the ascites against FQs. By using a strategy of heterologous coating antigen, different coating antigens are applied to detect FQs. The gold-labeled microwell immunochromatographic assay was used to improve the sensitivity of the test strip by the advanced reaction of antigen and antibody. Results The antibodies were verified to be of high purity up to 99%, and the titer reached 1:1 024 000. The combination (enoxacin-OVA and the antibody) detected the 4 banned FQs (pefloxacin, PEF; norfloxacin, NOR; lomefloxacin, LOM; ofloxacin, OFL) with the 50% inhibiting concentration (IC50) values ranging from 1.3 to 2.1 ng/mL and cross-reactions ranging from 67.3% to 106.1%. The analysis of spiked crucian carp, silver carp, grass carp, and shrimp samples showed that the limit of detection for PEF, NOR, LOM, and OFL was 4 μg/kg. A comparative study with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) demonstrated that the assay provided an effective screening tool for the rapid detection of FQs residues. Conclusions The results indicated that the test strip can realize full coverage recognition of the 4 banned FQs and has good accuracy, specificity, reproducibility, and stability; therefore, they are more suitable for rapid detection of FQs in aquatic products.

Published
2022

246. The interstellar medium distribution, gas kinematics, and system dynamics of the far-infrared luminous quasar SDSS J2310+1855 at $z=6.0$

Author

Yali Shao, Ran Wang, Axel Weiss, Jeff Wagg, Chris L. Carilli, Michael A. Strauss, Fabian Walter, Pierre Cox, Xiaohui Fan, Karl M. Menten, Desika Narayanan, Dominik Riechers, Frank Bertoldi, Alain Omont, and Linhua Jiang

Subjects
Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We present ALMA sub-kpc- to kpc-scale resolution observations of the [CII], CO(9-8), and OH$^{+}$\,($1_{1}$--$0_{1}$) lines along with their dust continuum emission toward the FIR luminous quasar SDSS J231038.88+185519.7 at $z = 6.0031$. The [CII] brightness follows a flat distribution with a Sersic index of 0.59. The CO(9-8) line and the dust continuum can be fit with an unresolved nuclear component and an extended Sersic component with a Sersic index of ~1. The dust temperature drops with distance from the center. The effective radius of the dust continuum is smaller than that of the line emission and the dust mass surface density, but is consistent with that of the star formation rate surface density. The OH$^{+}$\,($1_{1}$--$0_{1}$) line shows a P-Cygni profile with an absorption, which may indicate an outflow with a neutral gas mass of $(6.2\pm1.2)\times10^{8} M_{\odot}$ along the line of sight. We employed a 3D tilted ring model to fit the [CII] and CO(9-8) data cubes. The two lines are both rotation dominated and trace identical disk geometries and gas motions. We decompose the circular rotation curve measured from the kinematic model fit to the [CII] line into four matter components (black hole, stars, gas, and dark matter). The quasar-starburst system is dominated by baryonic matter inside the central few kiloparsecs. We constrain the black hole mass to be $2.97^{+0.51}_{-0.77}\times 10^{9}\,M_{\odot}$; this is the first time that the dynamical mass of a black hole has been measured at $z\sim6$. A massive stellar component (on the order of $10^{9}\,M_{\odot}$) may have already existed when the Universe was only ~0.93 Gyr old. The relations between the black hole mass and the baryonic mass of this quasar indicate that the central supermassive black hole may have formed before its host galaxy. [Abridged version. Please see the full abstract in the manuscript.], Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A

Published
2022
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248. Exploring the Radio Spectral Energy Distribution of the Ultraluminous Radio-quiet Quasar SDSS J0100+2802 at Redshift 6.3

Author

Yuanqi Liu, Ran Wang, Emmanuel Momjian, Jeff Wagg, Xiaolong Yang, Tao An, Yali Shao, Chris L. Carilli, Xue-Bing Wu, Xiaohui Fan, Fabian Walter, Linhua Jiang, Qiong Li, Jianan Li, Qinyue Fei, Fuxiang Xu, Liu, Y [0000-0001-9321-6000], Wang, R [0000-0003-4956-5742], Momjian, E [0000-0003-3168-5922], Yang, X [0000-0002-4439-5580], An, T [0000-0003-4341-0029], Shao, Y [0000-0002-1478-2598], Carilli, CL [0000-0001-6647-3861], Wu, XB [0000-0002-7350-6913], Fan, X [0000-0003-3310-0131], Walter, F [0000-0003-4793-7880], Jiang, L [0000-0003-4176-6486], Li, Q [0000-0002-3119-9003], Li, J [0000-0002-1815-4839], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
Space and Planetary Science, 5101 Astronomical Sciences, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 51 Physical Sciences, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

We report deep Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) observations of the optically ultraluminous and radio-quiet quasar SDSS J010013.02 + 280225.8 (hereafter J0100+2802) at redshift $z=$6.3. We detected the radio continuum emission at 1.5 GHz, 6 GHz, and 10 GHz. This leads to a radio power-law spectral index of $\alpha = -0.52\pm0.18$ ($S \propto \nu^{\alpha}$). The radio source is unresolved in all VLA bands with an upper limit to the size of $0.2^{\prime \prime}$ (i.e., $\sim$ 1.1 kpc) at 10 GHz. We find variability in the flux density (increase by $\sim 33\%$) and the spectral index (steepened) between observations in 2016 and 2017. We also find that the VLA 1.5 GHz flux density observed in the same year is 1.5 times that detected with the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) in 2016 at the same frequency. This difference suggests that half of the radio emission from J0100+2802 comes from a compact core within 40 pc, and the rest comes from the surrounding few kpc area which is diffuse and resolved out in the VLBA observations. The diffuse emission is four times brighter than that would be expected if driven by star formation. We conclude that the central active galactic nucleus is the dominant power engine of the radio emission in J0100+2802., Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal

Published
2022

249. Chemical abundance of z ~ 6 quasar broad-line regions in the XQR-30 sample

Author

Samuel Lai, Fuyan Bian, Christopher A Onken, Christian Wolf, Chiara Mazzucchelli, Eduardo Bañados, Manuela Bischetti, Sarah E I Bosman, George Becker, Guido Cupani, Valentina D’Odorico, Anna-Christina Eilers, Xiaohui Fan, Emanuele Paolo Farina, Masafusa Onoue, Jan-Torge Schindler, Fabian Walter, Feige Wang, Jinyi Yang, Yongda Zhu, Lai, Samuel, Bian, Fuyan, A Onken, Christopher, Wolf, Christian, Mazzucchelli, Chiara, Ba(~(n))ados, Eduardo, Bischetti, Manuela, I Bosman, Sarah E, Becker, George, Cupani, Guido, D'Odorico, Valentina, Eilers, Anna-Christina, Fan, Xiaohui, Paolo Farina, Emanuele, Onoue, Masafusa, Schindler, Jan-Torge, Walter, Fabian, Wang, Feige, Yang, Jinyi, and Zhu, Yongda

Subjects
quasars emission lines, galaxies high-redshift, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, quasars, abundances galaxies, galaxies active, FOS: Physical sciences, galaxies abundances, active galaxies, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, high-redshift, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), galaxies, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, galaxies abundance, emission lines, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

The elemental abundances in the broad-line regions of high-redshift quasars trace the chemical evolution in the nuclear regions of massive galaxies in the early universe. In this work, we study metallicity-sensitive broad emission-line flux ratios in rest-frame UV spectra of 25 high-redshift (5.8 < z < 7.5) quasars observed with the VLT/X-shooter and Gemini/GNIRS instruments, ranging over $\log(M_{\rm{BH}}/M_{\odot})= 8.4-9.8$ in black hole mass and $\log(L_{\rm{bol}}/\rm{erg\, s}^{-1})= 46.7-47.7$ in bolometric luminosity. We fit individual spectra and composites generated by binning across quasar properties: bolometric luminosity, black hole mass, and blueshift of the \civ\, line, finding no redshift evolution in the emission-line ratios by comparing our high-redshift quasars to lower-redshift (2.0 < z < 5.0) results presented in the literature. Using Cloudy-based locally optimally-emitting cloud photoionisation model relations between metallicity and emission-line flux ratios, we find the observable properties of the broad emission lines to be consistent with emission from gas clouds with metallicity that are at least 2-4 times solar. Our high-redshift measurements also confirm that the blueshift of the CIV emission line is correlated with its equivalent width, which influences line ratios normalised against CIV. When accounting for the CIV blueshift, we find that the rest-frame UV emission-line flux ratios do not correlate appreciably with the black hole mass or bolometric luminosity., MNRAS accepted, 24 pages, 17 figures, 4 tables

Published
2022

250. Hydrogen reionization ends by z = 5.3

Author

Sarah E I Bosman, Frederick B Davies, George D Becker, Laura C Keating, Rebecca L Davies, Yongda Zhu, Anna-Christina Eilers, Valentina D’Odorico, Fuyan Bian, Manuela Bischetti, Stefano V Cristiani, Xiaohui Fan, Emanuele P Farina, Martin G Haehnelt, Joseph F Hennawi, Girish Kulkarni, Andrei Mesinger, Romain A Meyer, Masafusa Onoue, Andrea Pallottini, Yuxiang Qin, Emma Ryan-Weber, Jan-Torge Schindler, Fabian Walter, Feige Wang, Jinyi Yang, Bosman, S. E. I., Davies, F. B., Becker, G. D., Keating, L. C., Davies, R. L., Zhu, Y., Eilers, A. -C., D'Odorico, V., Bian, F., Bischetti, M., Cristiani, S. V., Fan, X., Farina, E. P., Haehnelt, M. G., Hennawi, J. F., Kulkarni, G., Mesinger, A., Meyer, R. A., Onoue, M., Pallottini, A., Qin, Y., Ryan-Weber, E., Schindler, J. -T., Walter, F., Wang, F., and Yang, J.

Subjects
large-scale structure of universe, absorption line [quasars], first star, quasars, first stars, Dark age, Astronomy and Astrophysics, absorption lines, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, Space and Planetary Science, reionization, intergalactic medium, large-scale structure of Universe, dark ages, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The presence of excess scatter in the Ly-$\alpha$ forest at $z\sim 5.5$, together with the existence of sporadic extended opaque Gunn-Peterson troughs, has started to provide robust evidence for a late end of hydrogen reionisation. However, low data quality and systematic uncertainties complicate the use of Ly-$\alpha$ transmission as a precision probe of reionisation's end stages. In this paper, we assemble a sample of 67 quasar sightlines at $z>5.5$ with high signal-to-noise ratios of $>10$ per $\leq 15$ km s$^{-1}$ spectral pixel, relying largely on the new XQR-30 quasar sample. XQR-30 is a large program on VLT/X-Shooter which obtained deep (SNR $>20$ per pixel) spectra of 30 quasars at $z>5.7$. We carefully account for systematics in continuum reconstruction, instrumentation, and contamination by damped Ly-$\alpha$ systems. We present improved measurements of the mean Ly-$\alpha$ transmission over $4.93.5 \sigma$). Our results indicate that reionisation-related fluctuations, whether in the UVB, residual neutral hydrogen fraction, and/or IGM temperature, persist in the intergalactic medium until at least $z=5.3$ ($t=1.1$ Gyr after the Big Bang). This is further evidence for a late end to reionisation., Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Full measurement datasets are available on the first author's website

Published
2022

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