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The objective of this paper is to investigate the synchronization for nonlinear time-delayed coupling complex dynamic networks with different dimensional nodes through the use of decentralized dynamic compensation controllers. We propose a nonlinear time-delayed coupling complex dynamic network model with similar nonlinear nodes, whose dimensions admit differences. For this kind of network model, based on Barbalat's lemma, decentralized dynamic compensation controllers are designed for the state synchronization of the coupled nodes under some mathematical conditions. In addition, the synchronization manifold is defined as an invariant manifold, which is regarded as the generalized case of the networks with the same node dynamics. Finally, numerical examples with chaotic and hyperchaotic nodes are presented to verify the effectiveness of our theoretical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Co-digestion promoted biogas production and the maximum OLR tolerance. • Co-digestion reduced ammonia nitrogen inhibition and VFAs accumulation. • Co-digestion enriched key hydrolytic bacteria at high OLRs. • FW and KW co-digestion strengthened the methane metabolic pathway. • FW and GW co-digestion increased ABC transporters abundance. Multisubstrate synergetic anaerobic co-digestion can effectively overcome low efficiency of food waste (FW) mono-digestion. This study investigated the effect of supplementing FW with kitchen waste (KW) or garden waste (GW) on thermophilic dry anaerobic co-digestion. FW-KW and FW-GW co-digestion enhanced biogas production by 24.69 % and 44.96 % at organic loading rate (OLR) of 3 g VS L-1 d-1, and increased OLR tolerance from 3 to 4 g VS L-1 d-1 through mitigating ammonia nitrogen inhibition and volatile fatty acids accumulation. Co-digestion enriched the dominant hydrolytic bacteria Defluviitoga , resulting in an acceleration of substrate hydrolysis. FW-KW co-digestion improved biogas production by increasing gene abundance related to key enzymes in methanogenesis pathways and promoting the conversion of intermediate products into methane. FW-GW co-digestion enhanced biogas production by enriching ABC transporters-associated genes, leading to efficient substrate utilization. This study provides a promising approach for FW treatment with multivariate insights into thermophilic dry anaerobic co-digestion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polysaccharides from fungi have many bioactivities. Previous studies showed that galactomannans from Penicillium oxalicum antagonize galectin-8-mediated activity. Here, two intracellular and two extracellular galactomannans were purified and their structures were comparatively characterized by NMR, partial acid hydrolysis and methylation. All four of them were identified to be galactomannans with similar mannan backbones having 1,2-/1,6-linkages (~3:1) and various amounts of galactofuranan side chains. The interaction of those polysaccharides with galectin-8 was assessed by hemagglutination and biolayer interferometry. These results show that side chains are important for the interaction, and the more the side chains, the stronger the interaction. But the side chains alone did not show act on galectin-8, which indicated that the cooperation between backbone and side chains is another necessary factor for this interaction. Our findings provide important information about structure-activity relationships and the galactofuranose-containing galactomannans might be as potential therapeutic of galectin-8 related diseases. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SUMMARY This paper poses and solves a new problem of state feedback stabilization for a class of high-order stochastic nonlinear systems in which the power order restriction and growth condition are relaxed to a more general form. Based on the ideas of the homogeneous systems theory and the adding of a power integrator technique, a state feedback controller is constructed to ensure that the equilibrium at the origin of the closed-loop system is globally asymptotically stable in probability and that the problem of inverse optimal stabilization in probability is solved. The efficiency of the state feedback controller is demonstrated by a simulation example. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]