293 results on '"varicela"'
Search Results
252. Invasive disease by Streptococcus pyogenes: patients hospitalized for 6 years.
- Author
-
Arias-Constantí V, Trenchs-Sainz de la Maza V, Sanz-Marcos NE, Guitart-Pardellans C, Gené-Giralt A, and Luaces-Cubells C
- Subjects
- Child, Child, Preschool, Cross Infection microbiology, Female, Hospitals, Maternity statistics & numerical data, Hospitals, Pediatric statistics & numerical data, Hospitals, Urban statistics & numerical data, Humans, Infant, Inpatients statistics & numerical data, Intensive Care Units statistics & numerical data, Length of Stay statistics & numerical data, Male, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Spain epidemiology, Tertiary Care Centers statistics & numerical data, Cross Infection epidemiology, Streptococcal Infections epidemiology, Streptococcus pyogenes isolation & purification
- Abstract
Introduction and Objective: The last years an increase of severe cases of invasive disease (ID) due to Streptococcus pyogenes or streptococcus b-hemolytic group A (SGA) had been detected. The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiology and the clinical features of ID due to SGA in a tertiary Pediatric Hospital., Material and Methods: Retrospective study in a Pediatric hospital, of all in-patients with final diagnosis of ID due to SGA during 6 years (2009-2014). To consider ID, SGA had to be isolated in sterile samples; in patients with fascitis necroticans in skin samples or in any sample in patients with the diagnostic of Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (STSS). The SSTS was defined as hypotension and at least 2 of these criteria: renal failure, hepatic failure, acute respiratory distress, tissue necrosis or desquamative erythematous rash. Demographic data, type of infection, risk factors, clinical presentation, analytical data at admission, treatment, need for admission to a pediatric intensive care unit, microbiological data, hospital stay and evolution were collected., Results: Fifty-two (52) cases were included (12/10,000 of all inpatients); 3 years-old was the medium age (p25-75: 1.4-6.9 years); 28 (53.8%) were boys. Fourteen patients (26.9%) had risk factors. Fever was the major symptom (51 patients, 98.1%). The skin lesions were the most frequent clinical manifestations found (21; 40.4%). In 50 (96%) cases, SGA was isolated in at least one sterile sample. Skin and soft tissue infections were diagnosed in 14 patients (26.9%), 14 (26.9%) pneumonias, 12 (23.1%) bones and joints infections, 10 (19.2%) SSTS, 6 (11.5%) occult bacteremia, 4 (7.7%) meningitis and 2 (3.8%) sepsis. Surgery was required in 18 cases (34.6%) and 17 patients (32.7%) needed intensive care. The medium hospital stay was 9.5 days (p25-75: 8-15 days). Three patients presented sequels and one patient died., Conclusion: The ID due to SGA was a rare but serious reason for hospital admission. Skin and soft tissue infections, and pleuroneumonia were the most common forms of ID. The mortality of our sample was low despite the serious clinical manifestations., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier España, S.L.U. and Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
253. Impacto social y económico de la vacunación frente a la varicela a los 15 meses de edad en Castilla y León en 2004
- Author
-
Pérez Rubio, Alberto and Pérez Rubio, Alberto
- Abstract
Producción Científica, Fundamento: La varicela es una enfermedad infecciosa fundamentalmente infantil producida por el virus Herpes Vari- cela Zoster que produce importantes costes sanitarios y socia- les. En 2005 Castilla y León introdujo en su calendario de vacunación infantil la vacuna de la varicela a los niños de once años susceptibles de padecerla. Dicha estrategia no modifica la importante morbilidad que genera en edades inferiores. El objetivode este trabajo es valorar la rentabilidad de la vacuna- ción sistemática frente a la varicela a los niños de 15 meses de edad en Castilla y León. Métodos: Se ha planteado una evaluación económica de coste-beneficio a través de un árbol de decisión. Se estudia una cohorte ficticia de 100.000 niños castellano-leoneses que en el año 2004 cumplieran 15 meses, alos que se les administraría junto a la vacuna triple vírica la de la varicela. El estudio se plantea desde la perspectiva social. El horizonte temporal ele- gido ha sido hasta que la cohorte de estudio cumpliera 15 años, aplicando una tasa de descuento del 3%. Para valorar la incer- tidumbrede algunas variables se ha desarrollado un análisis de sensibilidad. Resultados: El coste-beneficio de la introducción de la vacuna en el calendario de vacunación infantil se cifra en 1,23. Conclusiones: Desde la perspectiva social la estrategia de vacunación frente a la varicela, junto a la triple vírica se mues- tra rentable. La rentabilidad se ve modificada tanto si se intro- duce una segunda dosis de vacuna como si se analizan sólo los costes directos sanitarios, Background: Chicken pox is a mainly childhood contagious disease caused by the Varicella Zoster Virus which gives rise to major healthcare and social costs. In 2005, Castile and Leon added chicken pox vaccine injections to its childhood vaccination schedule for eleven year-olds subject to coming down with this disease. This strategy does not modify the major mobility generated thereby at younger ages. This study is aimed at evaluating the profitability of systematic vaccination for chicken pox in infants 15 months of age in Castile and Leon. Methods: An economic cost-benefit evaluation has been set out by jeans of a decision-making tree. A fictitious cohort of 100,000 children in Castile and Leon having reached 15 months of age in 2004 is studied, to whom the chicken pox vaccine would be administered in conjunction with the mumps, measles, rubella vaccines. This study is approached from the social standpoint. The time horizon selected was that of up until the study cohort was to reach 15 years of age, applying a 3% discount rate. A sensitivity analysis was made for evaluating the uncertainty of some variables... Results: The cost-benefit ratio of adding this vaccine to the childhood vaccination schedule amounts to 1.23. Conclusions: From the social standpoint, administering chicken pox vaccine in conjunction with the mumps, measles, rubella vaccines show itself to be profitable. The profitability is modified both if a second dose of vaccine is added as well as if only the direct healthcare costs are analyzed.
- Published
- 2008
254. Prevalencia de anticuerpos contra varicela en una población de Montevideo, Uruguay
- Author
-
QUIAN, JORGE, RüTTIMANN, RICARDO, and MATRAI, LOREDANA
- Subjects
ANTIBODIES ,CHICKENPOX ,VARICELA ,ANTICUERPO - Abstract
Objetivo primario: determinar la prevalencia de anticuerpos antivaricela-zoster (anti VZV) en una población sana, residente en Montevideo. Objetivo secundario: determinar la prevalencia de anti-VZV, estratificada por variables demográficas. Métodos: estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal y estratificado, entre el 1º de enero y el 30 de mayo de 2000. Diseño no probabilístico, incorporando población sana, que concurrían a extracciones de sangre en dependencias del Ministerio de Salud Pública o del Centro de Asistencia del Sindicato Médico del Uruguay (CASMU). Criterios de inclusión: 1 a 40 años, sanos que se extrajeron sangre por controles, por carné de salud o preoperatorios, no vacunados para varicela (V), y que no hubieran recibido inmunoglobulinas o transfusiones en los últimos 6 meses. Se interrogó sobre historia médica y datos demográficos. Resultados: la prevalencia global fue de 82,1% (798/972) (IC 95% 79,7%-84,5%). A los 4 años, el 61,9% ya había tenido contacto con el VZV. Se observó mayor prevalencia en sujetos con antecedentes personales e intrafamiliares (95,3 y 91,3% vs 67 y 71,5% respectivamente p= 0,00001) Si los antecedentes personales estaban presentes, el 95,8% tuvieron anticuerpos positivos, por lo que el valor predictivo positivo (VPP) fue muy alto. El análisis de regresión logística múltiple, determinó que la edad, el nivel socioeconómico regular o malo y la historia familiar, son predictores independientes de la seroprevalencia para V. Discusión: la prevalencia de anticuerpos anti-VZV fue similar a la de otros países de la región. El VPP del interrogatorio fue muy alto (95,8%) y merece ser tenido en cuenta. Primary objective: to determine the prevalence of anti varicella zoster (anti-VZV) antibodies in healthy population resident in Montevideo. Secondary objective: to determine the prevalence of anti- VZV, stratified by some demographic variables. Methods: descriptive study, performing a transversal and stratified cut, between January 1st. 2000 and May 30th. 2000. A non probabilistic plan was used, including healthy population, attending blood extractions in centers depending on the Public Health Department or in the private Centro de Asistencia del Sindicato Médico del Uruguay (CASMU). Inclusion criteria: age between 1 and 40, healthy, having blood extractions for control, or health certificate, or before surgery, not vaccinated against varicella, and had not received any immunoglobulines nor transfusions in the last 6 months. A questionnaire about medical relevant history was filled as well as demographic data. Results: The global prevalence was 82,1% (798/972) CI 95% 79,7%-84,5%). At the age of 4, 61,9% had already had exposure to the VZV. A higher prevalence was observed in those individuals having personal or familiar antecedents of varicella (95,3% and 91,3%, compared to 67 and 71,5% respectively, p
- Published
- 2004
255. Henoch-Schonlein purpura associated with varicella: A clinical case
- Author
-
Cerda L, Jaime, Fuentes P, Paulina, and Potin S, Marcela
- Subjects
Henoch-Schonlein ,varicella ,varicela ,esteroides ,acyclovir ,aciclovir ,Schonlein-Henoch ,steroids - Abstract
Con el objeto de discutir el rol de la infección por virus varicela zóster (VVZ) como desencadenante inhabitual de Púrpura de Schonlein-Henoch (PSH) se comunica el caso de una paciente de 4 años, con PSH y varicela. La evolución del PSH en esta niña se complica con dolor abdominal intenso, requiriendo terapia esteroidal sistémica. Al quinto día de iniciado el púrpura aparece un exantema vesicular (confirmado como VVZ mediante inmunofluorescencia directa de fluido vesicular). Se agrega Aciclovir endovenoso en forma empírica, dado el riesgo de evolución grave de la infección por VVZ durante el curso de una terapia esteroidal sistémica. Ambas patologías tuvieron una resolución favorable In order to discuss the role of varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection as a potential trigger of Henloch-Schonlein Purpura (HSP) we present the case of a 4 year old boy with HSP and varicella. The clinical course was complicated by severe abdominal pain, requiring systemic steroids. On the 5th day of evolution, a vesicular exanthem appeared (VZV confirmed by direct immunoflouescence). Intravenous acyclovir was used empirically considering the risk of using high dose steroids in the presence of VZV. Both pathologies resolved uneventfully
- Published
- 2004
256. Púrpura de Schonlein-Henoch asociado a varicela: Caso clínico
- Author
-
Paulina Fuentes P, Marcela Potin S, and Jaime Cerda L
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Abdominal pain ,viruses ,esteroides ,Virus diseases ,medicine.disease_cause ,varicella ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Aciclovir ,Exanthem ,integumentary system ,business.industry ,Clinical course ,Varicella zoster virus ,virus diseases ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,medicine.disease ,Dermatology ,Rheumatology ,varicela ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,medicine.symptom ,Vasculitis ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Con el objeto de discutir el rol de la infección por virus varicela zóster (VVZ) como desencadenante inhabitual de Púrpura de Schonlein-Henoch (PSH) se comunica el caso de una paciente de 4 años, con PSH y varicela. La evolución del PSH en esta niña se complica con dolor abdominal intenso, requiriendo terapia esteroidal sistémica. Al quinto día de iniciado el púrpura aparece un exantema vesicular (confirmado como VVZ mediante inmunofluorescencia directa de fluido vesicular). Se agrega Aciclovir endovenoso en forma empírica, dado el riesgo de evolución grave de la infección por VVZ durante el curso de una terapia esteroidal sistémica. Ambas patologías tuvieron una resolución favorable
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
257. Varicela: Indicaciones actuales de tratamiento y prevención
- Author
-
ABARCA V, KATIA
- Subjects
vacuna ,tratamiento ,Varicela ,treatment ,vaccine ,profilaxis ,prophylaxis ,acyclovir ,Varicella ,aciclovir - Published
- 2004
258. Cost-effectiveness of varicella vaccination in Spanish adolescents
- Author
-
Marta Cortés-García, Napoleón Pérez-Farinós, I. Peña-Rey, and Carmen Amela-Heras
- Subjects
Coste-efectividad ,Adolescent ,Cost effectiveness ,Philosophy ,Cost-Benefit Analysis ,Vaccination ,Decision Trees ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Vacunación ,Varicella ,Adolescence ,Chickenpox Vaccine ,Chickenpox ,Varicela ,Spain ,Adolescencia ,Coste efectividad ,Humans ,Humanities - Abstract
Introducción: La varicela es una enfermedad muy contagiosa. En España, en 1996, el 91% de la población de 13 años la había padecido. Las complicaciones son más frecuentes en adultos. El herpes zoster puede reactivarse tras la primoinfección en un 15% de los casos. Se ha autorizado en España una vacuna en mayores de 13 años con serología negativa. Objetivo: Conocer la relación coste-efectividad de vacunar a los individuos susceptibles de la cohorte de 13 años en el año 2001 y realizar una análisis de la sensibilidad de parámetros que lo condicionan. Material y método: Árbol de decisión: programa Decission Analysis by Tree-Age. Las probabilidades y costes se calcularon con Microsof Excel. Para determinar la población se aplicó el porcentaje de susceptibilidad del estudio seroepidemiológico en España al Censo del Instituto Nacional de Estadística de 2001. Las probabilidades se calcularon con el teorema de Bayes aplicando la tasa de incidencia por edad de un país del hemisferio norte. Los datos hospitalarios se obtuvieron del conjunto mínimo de datos básicos (CMBD). Se ha utilizado la efectividad de la vacuna de Estados Unidos, con una efectividad total del 71% y parcial del 24%, representada por una varicela más leve en individuos vacunados (breakthrough). Para determinar los costes, se ha efectuado una consulta directa con diferentes fuentes. Sólo se tiene en cuenta los costes directos. Se les aplica un factor de descuento del 3%. Resultados: La vacunación contra la varicela podría evitar 27.278 casos, y evitar un caso costaría 131 euros al Sistema Nacional de Salud (SNS). Discusión: Ésta es una aproximación del coste de introducir la vacuna de la varicela en el calendario español, desde la perspectiva del pagador; sin embargo, para tomar la decisión se debería tener en cuenta factores hasta el momento desconocidos, como el efecto de la vacuna en la incidencia del herpes zoster. Con los datos disponibles hasta el momento actual, la introducción de la vacuna en la adolescencia parece la estrategia más adecuada, pero se necesita de más estudios sobre el tema. Introduction: Varicella is a highly contagious disease. In Spain, in 1996, 91% of the population aged 13 years old had been infected. The complications of varicella are more frequent in adults. Herpes zoster infection can be reactivated after the initial infection in 15%. A vaccine against varicella has recently been authorized in Spain for use in individuals aged more than 13 years old with negative serology. Objective: To determine the cost-effectiveness of vaccination of the cohort aged 13 years old in 2001 and to perform a sensitivity analysis of the parameters that are affected. Material and method: Tree decision: Decision Analysis by Tree-Age program. Probabilities and costs were calculated using Microsoft Excel. Population size was obtained from the 2001 Census of the National Institute of Statistics to which we applied the percentage of susceptibility from the seroepidemiological study in Spain. Probabilities were calculated by the Bayes Theorem, using the incidence rates by age of a country in the northern hemisphere. Hospital-related data were obtained from the minimum data set. We used the effectiveness of the vaccine licensed in the USA, with a total effectiveness of 71% and a partial effectiveness of 24%, represented by milder varicella in vaccinated individuals (breakthrough varicella). Only direct costs were considered. Costs were obtained by direct consultation of different sources. A discount rate of 3% was used. Results: Varicella vaccination could prevent 27,278 cases of the disease. Prevention of one case would cost the public health system 131 euros. Discussion: This study constitutes an approach to the cost of introducing varicella vaccination in the Spanish vaccination schedule, from the payer's perspective. However, to take a decision, some unknown factors, such as the effect of vaccination on the incidence of herpes zoster, should be assessed. With currently available data, the introduction of vaccination in adolescence would seem to be the best strategy, but further studies are needed.
- Published
- 2004
259. Médicos-Sentinela : relatório das actividades de 2002
- Author
-
Falcão, Isabel Marinho, Falcão, José Marinho, and Pimenta, Zilda
- Subjects
Varicela ,Asma e Consulta Relacionada com Asma ,Notificação ,Utente pede ajuda para alterar situação ou comportamento ,Acontecimentos IRIS ,Incidência ,Síndroma Gripal ,Grupo etário ,Herpes - Abstract
Durante o ano de 2002, colaboraram na rede 166 médicos de Clínica Geral, tendo 7 e 4, respectivamente, iniciado e interrompido a sua participação. Assim, em Dezembro de 2002, no território do Continente, o número de médicos participantes era de 162, o que corresponde a 3,0% do total de Clínicos Gerais que desempenhavam funções em centros de saúde.
- Published
- 2004
260. Varicela: Indicaciones actuales de tratamiento y prevención
- Author
-
ABARCA V,KATIA
- Subjects
vacuna ,tratamiento ,Varicela ,profilaxis ,aciclovir - Published
- 2004
261. Neumonía varicelosa en adultos: 30 casos
- Author
-
Rodríguez Borregán, J. C., Domínguez Artiga, M. J., Miñambres, E., Tejerina Álvarez, E., Holanda Peña, M. S., González Fernández, C., and Quesada Suescun, A.
- Subjects
Adult ,Chickenpox ,Varicela ,Adulto ,Acyclovir ,Aciclovir ,Neumonía varicelosa ,Varicella pneumonia - Abstract
Objetivos: Estudio retrospectivo de los pacientes 15 años que ingresaron en nuestro hospital por neumonía varicelosa en los últimos 10 años. Métodos: Se incluyeron 30 pacientes, 16 varones y 14 mujeres. La edad media era de 32,73 ± 7,67 años (Rango: 15-58). El 90% eran fumadores y 3 estaban embarazadas. La estancia media en el hospital fue de 14,96 ± 12,02 días (Rango: 4-57). Resultados: Ingresaron en UCI 7 pacientes y 2 necesitaron ventilación mecánica. El infiltrado intersticial (70%) y el alveolo-intersticial (23%) fueron los patrones radiológicos más frecuentes. La auscultación pulmonar fue normal en 2/3. Los hallazgos clínicos más frecuentes fueron: fiebre (100%), tos seca (86,6%), disnea (66,6%) y dolor pleurítico (50%). El índice pO2/FiO2 fue ≤300 en 15 casos. El 50% presentaron hiponatremia y el 40% trombopenia. Falleció un paciente, otro evolucionó a una fibrosis pulmonar y tres desarrollaron, posteriormente, asma. Conclusiones: La neumonía varicelosa en adultos suele presentarse en individuos fumadores. Se debe realizar Rx tórax a todos los pacientes adultos con varicela e ingresar las neumonías. El tratamiento de elección es el Aciclovir endovenoso y en enfermos graves puede considerarse la asociación de corticoides. Objectives: During the past 10 years, 30 adults (age 15 years) were treated for varicella pneumonia in our centre. Methods: There were 16 males and 14 females. Ages ranged from 15 to 58 years (mean, 32.73±7.67 years). Twenty-seven patients (90%) were non-pregnant adult smokers and three patients (10%) were pregnant women. The hospital stay ranged from 4 to 57 days (mean, 14.96±12.02 days). Results: Seven patients (23.3%) were managed in the intensive care unit and two patients (6,6%) required mechanical ventilation. The most common radiographic findings were interstitial infiltrates in twenty-one patients (70%) and interstitial-alveolar infiltrates in seven patients (23.3%). Physical examination of the chest did not reveal abnormalities in twenty patients (66,6%). Fifteen patients (50%) were severely hipoxic with pO2/FiO2 ratio less than 300. Twelve patients (40%) presented thrombocytopenia and fifteen (50%) presented hyponatremia. The most frequent clinical features included: fever (100%), dry cough (86.6%), dysnea (66.6%) and chest pain (50%). One patient (3.3%) died. Three patients (10%) developed asthma and one other patient developed pulmonary fibrosis. Conclusions: Smoking is associated with an increase incidence of varicella pneumonia in adults. A chest x-ray should be practised in all cases of varicella in adults and they all should also be admitted to hospital. Intravenous aciclovir is recommended for treatment of varicella pneumonia in adults and in seriously ill patients the association of corticosteroids should be considered.
- Published
- 2003
262. Brote de varicela en Herrera del Duque (Badajoz)
- Author
-
Valadés, F.J., Barrasa, A., Peña, E., Sánchez, J.F., Amela, C., Pachón, I., Herrera, D., Martínez-Navarro, F., and Ramos, J.M.
- Subjects
Extremadura (Spain) ,Brote ,Varicela ,Extremadura ,Outbreak ,Costes ,Varicella ,Costs - Abstract
Introducción: La varicela es una enfermedad de distribución mundial con una elevada morbilidad y pocas complicaciones, aunque puede presentar cuadros clínicos graves en inmunodeprimidos y adultos sanos. El objeto de este estudio es identificar y describir las características y los costes de un brote epidémico en Extremadura, cuya tasa anual de casos declarados al sistema de Enfermedades de Declaración Obligatoria (EDO) oscila en alrededor de 5 por 1.000 habitantes. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo con búsqueda activa de casos entre los meses de noviembre del año 2000 y marzo de 2001, y de la susceptibilidad de la cohorte escolarizada del colegio de Herrera del Duque (Badajoz). Las definiciones de casos fueron recogidas de los protocolos de la Red de Vigilancia de la comunidad extremeña. La confirmación microbiológica se realizó por aislamiento del virus y por presencia de marcadores IgM e IgG en el suero del enfermo. Se analizaron los costes tangibles directos e indirectos y los no tangibles del brote. Resultados: De los 75 casos identificados, 71 (94,7%) eran niños de entre uno y 9 años, predominando el sexo masculino. La tasa de ataque fue de 18,5 casos por 1.000 habitantes, y del 68,2% en convivientes menores de 10 años. La evolución fue benigna, sin ingresos hospitalarios ni complicaciones. Se encontró un 71,6% de niños susceptibles en los de entre 3 y 8 años. Se analizó una posible agregación temporal de casos en el colegio, obteniéndose un riesgo relativo (RR) de 5,01 (p < 0,001). Se aisló el virus en las 4 muestras de vesículas estudiadas y la serología (IgM) fue positiva en los 9 sueros estudiados. El coste total de brote fue de 927,21 e, con una media de 12,53 e por caso, y 205 días de pérdida escolar. Conclusión: Se confirmó la existencia de un brote de varicela en el colegio de la localidad de Herrera del Duque, con transmisión persona a persona, que afectó a niños de entre uno y 9 años. La elevada susceptibilidad del alumnado, las características de la docencia y las reuniones previas a los carnavales tuvieron un papel determinante en la propagación de la epidemia. El coste estimado para este brote se corresponde con un gasto un 76% menor del producido por la vacunación con una dosis de los 75 casos de este brote. Introduction: Chickenpox is a worldwide disease with high morbidity but few complications, although complications can be sevre in immunocompromised individuals and healthy adults. The annual chickenpox rate declared to the National Notification Disease Surveillance System is approximately 5 cases per 1,000 inhabitants in Extremadura (Spain). The aim of this study was to identify and describe the characteristics and cost of an epidemic outbreak of chickenpox in Extremadura. Methods: Between November 2000 and March 2001, a descriptive study was performed. Cases of chickenpox were actively sought in a cohort of schoolchildren in Herrera del Duque (Badajoz). The protocols of the Monitoring Network of the Autonomous Community of Extremadura was used for case definition. Microbiological confirmation was performed by isolation of the virus and the presence of IgM and IgG markers in serum. We analyzed the direct and indirect tangible costs as well as the intangible costs of the outbreak. Results: Seventy-five cases were identified, of which 94.7% occurred in children aged between 1-9 years, mainly boys. The attack rate was 18.5 cases per 1,000 inhabitants and 68.2% occurred in children aged less than 10 years charing a home. The clinical course was benign, without hospital admissions or complications. A total of 71.6% of children aged between 3 and 8 years were susceptible. A possible temporary aggregation of cases in the school was analyzed and a relative risk of 5.01 (p < 0.0001) was obtained. The virus was isolated in the 4 vesicle samples studied and serology was positive (IgM) in the 9 serum samples studied. The total cost of the outbreak was of 927,21 e, with a mean of 12,53 e per case and 205 school days lost. Conclusion: A chickenpox outbreack was confirmed in Herrera del Duque, with person-to-person transmission, affecting children aged between 1 and 9 years. The high susceptibility of the pupils, the characteristics of teaching, and the meetings prior to the carnivals played a determining role in the transmission of the epidemic. The estimated cost of this outbreak was 76% less than the cost that would have been generated by single-dose vaccination of the 75 individuals who contracted the disease.
- Published
- 2003
263. Síndrome de varicela fetal
- Author
-
Cecilia Silva F. and Rodrigo Salas N
- Subjects
Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pregnancy ,Amniotic fluid ,Lung ,embarazo ,Varicella vaccine ,business.industry ,HVZ ,medicine.disease ,Bilateral Cataracts ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,varicella ,varicela ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Necrotizing enterocolitis ,medicine ,Gestation ,pregnancy ,Complication ,business ,virus varicela-zoster - Abstract
El síndrome de varicela fetal (SVF) es una fetopatía provocada por el virus varicela-zoster (VVZ) antes de las 25 semanas de gestación. Se caracteriza por lesiones en piel con distribución metamérica, hipoplasia de extremidades, alteración ocular y daño neurológico. El diagnóstico es altamente sospechoso en embarazada con varicela y recién nacido (RN) con cuadro clínico característico; puede confirmarse detectando la presencia del VVZ en líquido amniótico, serología específica positiva en el RN y/o herpes zoster postnatal. El daño fetal se puede atenuar o prevenir con el uso de antivirales, inmunoglobulina y vacuna antivaricela. Caso clínico: Nacido a término cuya madre padeció varicela durante el tercer mes de embarazo, presenta una lesión cicatricial facial con hipoplasia de la zona subyacente y cataratas bilaterales entre otras lesiones. La inmunoglobulina G antivaricela fue positiva en la madre y el niño. La tomografía cerebral y estudio TORCH fueron normales, la tomografía de oídos muestra hipoplasia del peñasco derecho. Evolucionó con daño pulmonar por bronconeumonias a repetición, reflujo gastro-esofágico severo, trastorno de succión-deglución y compromiso neurológico. Falleció a los 7 meses de edad por enterocolitis necrotizante y falla multisistémica. Comentario: El SVF es un cuadro poco conocido y mal manejado por equipos perinatológicos, con secuelas graves y que en gran medida puede ser evitado o atenuado. Este ilustrativo caso se suma a otras complicaciones graves por VVZ en edad pediátrica que hacen necesario un debate en políticas de salud para evaluar la incorporación de la vacuna antivaricela al Programa Ampliado de Inmunización Foetal varicella syndrome (FVS) is a foetopathy caused by the Varicella-Zoster virus (HVZ) and is characterised by dermatomal skin lesions, limb hypoplasia, and damage to the eye and central nervous system. FVS is suspected in a pregnant woman, with less than 25 weeks of gestation, infected with HVZ and a neonate with clinical symptoms. FVS can be confirmed by detection of HVZ in the amniotic fluid, serological testing of the newborn and or the presence of HVZ in early childhood. Fetal damage can be attenuated or prevented using antiviral drugs, immunoglobulin or varicella vaccine. Case report: A term neonate was born to a mother affected by chicken-pox during the third month of pregnancy. He had a facial scar with hipoplastic skin surrounding it and bilateral cataracts. IgG anti-varicella was positive for both mother and child, TORCH studies were negative. Cerebral CT was normal, but the right petrous bone was hypoplastic. The child suffered repeated bronchopneumonias with posterior control lung damage, had severe gastro-esophageal reflux, with suction-deglution dysfunction and neurological damage. The child died from necrotizing enterocolitis and multisystem failure at 7 months. Comments: FVS is a less well known complication of HVZ with poor management by perinatal teams. HVZ produces other severe paediatric complications and for these reasons we recommend the inclusion of the varicella vaccine in the Chilean immunization programme
- Published
- 2003
264. Podcijenjenost incidencije varicele – učestalost zahtjeva za liječničkom pomoći
- Author
-
Jurković, Ljiljanka, Katić, Milica, Ožvačić, Zlata, Stojanović-Špehar, Stanislava, and Vinter-Repalust, Nevenka
- Subjects
Varicela ,obiteljska medicina - Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The Netherlands Institute of Primary Health Care (NIVEL), University of Utrecht, conducted an international scientific project "Health Monitoring in Primary Care Based Sentinel Practice Network" in 10 European countries, based upon regular and continuous observations of one or more diseases. Sentinel practice networks have been established to provide data on incidence and other health indicators of the diseases managed predominantly in primary care. Department of Family Medicine of the "Andrija Stampar" School of Public Health, Zagreb Medical School, participated in the research. Information from primary health care is especially useful for diseases mainly diagnosed and treated in primary health care. For self-limiting diseases, varicella for example, there are no other information sources that would include professional judgement and would be available for estimation of incidence and limits of the disease in the community. Varicella is a notifiable disease in Croatia ; however, every infected person does not consult a physician due to a mild or uncomplicated nature of the disease, which may cause underestimation of disease incidence in the community. AIM: Of this research was to establish incidence of varicella as well as incidence of varicella in other family members not seeking help from a physician. METHODS: Data on patients with varicella were retrospectively collected from medical records (incident cases). A prospective data collection registered every new case of varicella in the families related to the incident case during the period of three weeks before or after the incident case (secondary cases). Data on age, gender, and seeking help from a physician were collected. Another prospective data collection registered cases of varicella in the families with children under 15 years of age and with no information on varicella infection in their medical records. Data on age, gender, and seeking help from a physician were collected. RESULTS: From January 1 to June 30, 2000, 19 out of 50 contacted family physicians collected data on 182 children (52.7% boys) suffering from varicella. Most of them, 84 (46.1%), were in the age group 4-6 years ; 70 (38.5%) were in the age group 7-15 years, and 28 (15.4%) were between 1-3 years of age. Another 103 children were registered in the families in the period from three weeks before to three weeks after the first case: 43 (41.7%) in the age group 4-6 years, 32 (31.1%) in the age group 7-15 years, and 28 (27.2%) between 1-3 years of age. Thirteen families had 2 diseased children during that period. In 31 (30.1%) secondary cases no physician was consulted. In 95 investigated families, there were 139 children under 15 years of age with no registered varicella infection ; 69 (49%) of these children had had varicella and 38 (27%) consulted a physician but had not been registered. Most of them, 37 (53.6%), were in the age group 4-6 years ; 19 (27.5%) were in the age group 7-15 years, and 13 (18.9%) between 1-3 years of age. CONCLUSION: Results of this study indicate that a family physician should always actively search for secondary cases of varicella in the families with one reported case of the disease, and register them in medical records. Such records would provide better morbidity registration of the population for which a family physician provides care, especially for uncomplicated, self-limiting diseases
- Published
- 2003
265. Mutilations Due to Medical Disorders in Children
- Author
-
Jorge Palacios, Zinia Serafim, and Maria José Leal
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Mononucleosis ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Púrpura ,Amputação ,Amputation, Surgical ,Necrosis ,Chickenpox ,Gangrena ,Sepsis ,medicine ,Humans ,Chicken Pox ,Child ,Nose ,Gangrene ,Disseminated intravascular coagulation ,business.industry ,Infant ,Septicemia ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Perineum ,Surgery ,Malaria ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Amputation ,Varicela ,HDE CIR PED ,Child, Preschool ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome ,Female ,business ,Purpura fulminans - Abstract
Soft-tissue and bone necrosis, although rare in childhood, occasionally occur in the course of infectious diseases, either viral or bacterial, and seem to be the result of hypoperfusion on a background of disseminated intravascular coagulation. Treatment consists in correction of septic shock and control of necrosis. Necrosis, once started, shows extraordinarily rapid evolution, leading to soft-tissue and bone destruction and resulting in anatomic, functional, psychological, and social handicaps. Ten mutilated children were treated from January 1986 to January 1999 in Hospital de Dona Estefaˆ nia, Lisbon, Portugal. One was recovering from hemolytic-uremic syndrome with a severe combined immunodeficiency, another malnourished, anemic child had malaria, and three had chicken pox (in one case complicated by meningococcal septicemia). There were three cases of meningococcal and two of pyocyanic septicemia (one in a burned child and one in a patient with infectious mononucleosis). The lower limbs (knee,leg, foot) were involved in five cases, the face (ear, nose, lip) in four, the perineum in three, the pelvis (inguinal region, iliac crest) in two, the axilla in one, and the upper limb (radius, hand) in two. Primary prevention is based on early recognition of risk factors and timely correction. Secondary prevention consists of immediate etiologic and thrombolytic treatment to restrict the area of necrosis. Tertiary prevention relies on adequate rehabilitation with physiotherapy and secondary operations to obtain the best possible functional and esthetic result.
- Published
- 2003
266. Neumonía varicelosa en adultos: 30 casos
- Author
-
J. C. Rodríguez Borregán, C. González Fernández, E. Miñambres, E. Tejerina Álvarez, A. Quesada Suescun, M.J. Domínguez Artiga, and M.S. Holanda Peña
- Subjects
Mechanical ventilation ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pediatrics ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Adulto ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Physical examination ,medicine.disease ,Chest pain ,Neumonía varicelosa ,Intensive care unit ,Surgery ,law.invention ,Pneumonia ,Varicela ,law ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,medicine.symptom ,Aciclovir ,business ,Hyponatremia ,Asthma - Abstract
Objectives: During the past 10 years, 30 adults (age > 15 years) were treated for varicella pneumonia in our centre. Methods: There were 16 males and 14 females. Ages ranged from 15 to 58 years (mean, 32.73±7.67 years). Twenty-seven patients (90%) were nonpregnant adult smokers and three patients (10%) were pregnant women. The hospital stay ranged from 4 to 57 days (mean, 14.96±12.02 days). Results: Seven patients (23.3%) were managed in the intensive care unit and two patients (6,6%) required mechanical ventilation. The most common radiographic findings were interstitial infiltrates in twenty-one patients (70%) and interstitial-alveolar infiltrates in seven patients (23.3%). Physical examination of the chest did not reveal abnormalities in twenty patients (66,6%). Fifteen patients (50%) were severely hipoxic with pO2/FiO2 ratio less than 300. Twelve patients (40%) presented thrombocytopenia and fifteen (50%) presented hyponatremia. The most frequent clinical features included: fever (100%), dry cough (86.6%), dysnea (66.6%) and chest pain (50%). One patient (3.3%) died. Three patients (10%) developed asthma and one other patient developed pulmonary fibrosis. Conclusions: Smoking is associated with an increase incidence of varicella pneumonia in adults. A chest x-ray should be practised in all cases of varicella in adults and they all should also be admitted to hospital. Intravenous aciclovir is recommended for treatment of varicella pneumonia in adults and in seriously ill patients the association of corticosteroids should be considered.
- Published
- 2003
267. Chickenpox outbreak in Herrera del Duque, Badajoz, Spain
- Author
-
J.M. Ramos, A Barrasa, I. Pachón, F. Martinez-Navarro, J.F. Sánchez, C. Amela, Dionisio Herrera, E. Peña, and F.J. Valadés
- Subjects
Male ,Extremadura (Spain) ,Brote ,Philosophy ,lcsh:Public aspects of medicine ,Vaccination ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Infant ,Outbreak ,lcsh:RA1-1270 ,Varicella ,Costs ,Disease Outbreaks ,Chickenpox ,Varicela ,Spain ,Extremadura ,Child, Preschool ,Humans ,Female ,Costes ,Child ,Humanities - Abstract
ResumenIntroducciónLa varicela es una enfermedad de distribución mundial con una elevada morbilidad y pocas complicaciones, aunque puede presentar cuadros clínicos graves en inmunodeprimidos y adultos sanos. El objeto de este estudio es identificar y describir las características y los costes de un brote epidémico en Extremadura, cuya tasa anual de casos declarados al sistema de Enfermedades de Declaración Obligatoria (EDO) oscila en alrededor de 5 por 1.000 habitantes.MétodosEstudio descriptivo con búsqueda activa de casos entre los meses de noviembre del año 2000 y marzo de 2001, y de la susceptibilidad de la cohorte escolarizada del colegio de Herrera del Duque (Badajoz). Las definiciones de casos fueron recogidas de los protocolos de la Red de Vigilancia de la comunidad extremeña. La confirmación microbiológica se realizó por aislamiento del virus y por presencia de marcadores IgM e IgG en el suero del enfermo. Se analizaron los costes tangibles directos e indirectos y los no tangibles del brote.ResultadosDe los 75 casos identificados, 71 (94,7%) eran niños de entre uno y 9 años, predominando el sexo masculino. La tasa de ataque fue de 18,5 casos por 1.000 habitantes, y del 68,2% en convivientes menores de 10 años. La evolución fue benigna, sin ingresos hospitalarios ni complicaciones. Se encontró un 71,6% de niños susceptibles en los de entre 3 y 8 años. Se analizó una posible agregación temporal de casos en el colegio, obteniéndose un riesgo relativo (RR) de 5,01 (p < 0,001). Se aisló el virus en las 4 muestras de vesículas estudiadas y la serología (IgM) fue positiva en los 9 sueros estudiados. El coste total de brote fue de 927,21 e, con una media de 12,53 e por caso, y 205 días de pérdida escolar.ConclusiónSe confirmó la existencia de un brote de varicela en el colegio de la localidad de Herrera del Duque, con transmisión persona a persona, que afectó a niños de entre uno y 9 años. La elevada susceptibilidad del alumnado, las características de la docencia y las reuniones previas a los carnavales tuvieron un papel determinante en la propagación de la epidemia.El coste estimado para este brote se corresponde con un gasto un 76% menor del producido por la vacunación con una dosis de los 75 casos de este brote.AbstractIntroductionChickenpox is a worldwide disease with high morbidity but few complications, although complications can be sevre in immunocompromised individuals and healthy adults. The annual chickenpox rate declared to the National Notification Disease Surveillance System is approximately 5 cases per 1,000 inhabitants in Extremadura (Spain). The aim of this study was to identify and describe the characteristics and cost of an epidemic outbreak of chickenpox in Extremadura.MethodsBetween November 2000 and March 2001, a descriptive study was performed. Cases of chickenpox were actively sought in a cohort of schoolchildren in Herrera del Duque (Badajoz). The protocols of the Monitoring Network of the Autonomous Community of Extremadura was used for case definition. Microbiological confirmation was performed by isolation of the virus and the presence of IgM and IgG markers in serum. We analyzed the direct and indirect tangible costs as well as the intangible costs of the outbreak.ResultsSeventy-five cases were identified, of which 94.7% occurred in children aged between 1-9 years, mainly boys. The attack rate was 18.5 cases per 1,000 inhabitants and 68.2% occurred in children aged less than 10 years charing a home. The clinical course was benign, without hospital admissions or complications. A total of 71.6% of children aged between 3 and 8 years were susceptible. A possible temporary aggregation of cases in the school was analyzed and a relative risk of 5.01 (p < 0.0001) was obtained. The virus was isolated in the 4 vesicle samples studied and serology was positive (IgM) in the 9 serum samples studied. The total cost of the outbreak was of 927,21 e, with a mean of 12,53 e per case and 205 school days lost.ConclusionA chickenpox outbreack was confirmed in Herrera del Duque, with person-to-person transmission, affecting children aged between 1 and 9 years. The high susceptibility of the pupils, the characteristics of teaching, and the meetings prior to the carnivals played a determining role in the transmission of the epidemic. The estimated cost of this outbreak was 76% less than the cost that would have been generated by single-dose vaccination of the 75 individuals who contracted the disease.
- Published
- 2003
268. Neumonía e insuficiencia renal aguda como complicaciones de la varicela en el adulto
- Author
-
A. Cano Sánchez, F. Sánchez Gascón, E. Rubio Gil, J. Navarro Fuentes, and R. Bernabeu Mora
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Respiratory distress ,business.industry ,viruses ,Clinical course ,virus diseases ,Disease ,medicine.disease ,Pneumonia ,Varicela ,Neumonía ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Insuficiencia renal aguda ,Complication ,business ,Intensive care medicine - Abstract
Varicella is a disease in childhood. When it affects adults, serious complications can develop, the most frequent and most dangerous being pneumonia. Acute renal failure is an exceptional complication which infrequently is reported in relevant current literature. The association of pneumonia with acute renal failure in a patient with varicella is unusual. We report a varicella case in an adult patient who suffered from pneumonia with respiratory distress syndrome and acute renal failure, both of them had a favourable clinical course.
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
269. Neumonía e insuficiencia renal aguda como complicaciones de la varicela en el adulto
- Author
-
Bernabeu Mora, R., Rubio Gil, E., Navarro Fuentes, J., Cano Sánchez, A., and Sánchez Gascón, F.
- Subjects
Acute renal failure ,Varicela ,Neumonía ,Insuficiencia renal aguda ,Pneumonia ,Varicella - Abstract
La varicela es una enfermedad propia de la infancia que puede afectar a adultos con serias complicaciones. La neumonía es la más frecuente y grave. La afectación renal está apenas descrita en la literatura. La presentación conjunta de ambas complicaciones es inusual. Presentamos un caso de varicela en el adulto que desarrolló simultáneamente neumonía con distrés respiratorio e insuficiencia renal aguda que evolucionaron favorablemente. Varicella is a disease in childhood. When it affects adults, serious complications can develop, the most frequent and most dangerous being pneumonia. Acute renal failure is an exceptional complication which infrequently is reported in relevant current literature. The association of pneumonia with acute renal failure in a patient with varicella is unusual. We report a varicella case in an adult patient who suffered from pneumonia with respiratory distress syndrome and acute renal failure, both of them had a favourable clinical course.
- Published
- 2002
270. Varicela complicada con fascitis necrotizante: Importancia de un diagnóstico oportuno
- Author
-
PREGO, JAVIER, SEHABIAGUE, GRACIELA, DE LEONARDIS, DANIEL, and GUTIéRREZ, CARMEN
- Subjects
INFECCIONES ESTREPTOCóCICAS ,FASCIITIS, NECROTIZING ,FASCIITE NECROSANTE ,FASCITIS NECROTIZANTE ,CHICKENPOX ,INFECÇÕES ESTREPTOCÓCICAS ,STREPTOCOCCAL INFECTIONS ,VARICELA - Abstract
Se presentan los casos clínicos de dos niños preescolares previamente sanos que, cursando varicela en período de estado, presentan como complicación infecciosa fascitis necrotizante por estreptococo beta-hemolítico del grupo A, con evolución fatal. Se exponen las dificultades en el diagnóstico precoz de fascitis necrotizante en etapas tempranas de la enfermedad. Se enfatiza en los aspectos clínicos que ayudan a un diagnóstico y tratamiento oportunos, de los cuales depende una evolución favorable. Apresentam-se os casos clínicos de duas crianças pequenas, previamente sadias que, cursando varicela, apresentam como complicação infecciosa fasciite necrosante por estreptococo beta - hemolítico do grupo A, com evolução fatal. Expoem-se as dificuldades no diagnóstico precoce de fasciite necrosante nas primeiras etapas da doença. Enfatiza-se nos aspectos clínicos que ajudam a um diagnóstico e tratamento precoces, dos quais depende uma evolução favorável. They are shown the clinical cases of two first childhood previously healthy, who having varicella in activity show as an infectious complication, necrotizing fasciitis by beta-hemolytic group A streptococcal, with fatal evolution. They are shown the difficulties in the precocious diagnostic of necrotizing fasciitis in early steps of the illness. It is made the emphasis in the clinical aspects that help the precocious diagnostic and treatment, whose depend an advantageous evolution.
- Published
- 2001
271. Seroepidemiología de la varicela en Brasil: Resultados de un estudio prospectivo transversal
- Author
-
Sue Ann Costa Clemens, Ralf Clemens, Tania Azevedo, José Carlos Da Fonseca, Themis Reverbel da Silveira, and Anamaria Cavalcante e Silva
- Subjects
Varicela ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,epidemiology ,Varicella ,epidemiología - Abstract
Objetivos: La varicela tiene consecuencias más graves en adolescentes y adultos. Relatos recientes de Europa y Asia muestran un número creciente de adolescentes y adultos jóvenes seronegativos. Como son pocos los datos sobre la prevalencia de antiVZV en Brasil y con el objetivo de definir estrategias para la inmunización contra la varicela, realizamos un estudio de seroprevalencia para el VZV (virus varicela Zoster) en diferentes partes de Brasil. Método: Este estudio seroepidemiológico transversal y poblacional fue realizado en cuatro diferentes regiones de Brasil. La población estudiada fue estratificada por sexo, edad y situación socioeconómica. Fueron analizados por el método Elisa anticuerpos IgG, antiVZV. Resultados: Fueron incluidos en el estudio 3 879 individuos de 1 a 40 años. La tasa de seropositivos de antiVZV en todos los grupos etarios y centros en Brasil fue de 85,4%. Se evidenció una fuerte correlación con la edad. Especialmente en el sureste y sur la seroprevalencia fue menor en el grupo etario de 1-5 años (44,5% y 57,8%, respectivamente. En la región norte esta tasa fue de 88,9%. Conclusiones: En la preadolescencia una proporción substancial de la población brasileña es susceptible a la varicela y una parte considerable de adolescentes y adultos jóvenes se mantienen seronegativos y, consecuentemente, en riesgo Objectives: Varicella has more serious consequences in adolescents and adults. Recent reports from Europe and Asia show an increasing number of adolescents and young adults being seronegative. As there is only limited data on varicella zoster virus (VZV) seroprevalence in Brazil and to facilitate the strategy for varicella vaccination we conducted a VZV seroprevalence study in Brazil. Methods: This population-based, cross sectional seroepidemiology study was performed in 4 different regions of Brazil. The studied population was stratified according to gender, age and socioeconomic status. VZV IgG antibodies were analyzed by ELISA. Results: 3,879 subjects aged 1Œ40 years were included into the study. The overall anti-VZV seropositivity rate across all age groups and centers in Brazil was 85.4%. There was a strong age relationship. Especially in the South East and South seroprevalence was low in the age group 1-5 years (44.5% and 57.8%, respectively) while in the North the rate was 88.9%. Overall, Varicella infection was independent of the socioeconomic level, but in the youngest age groups (1-10 years) seroprevalence rates were significantly lower in the high/medium socioeconomic class for most regions. Clinical history of chickenpox correlates well with anti-VZV seropositivity with a predictive value of 95.1% Conclusions: In preadolescence a substantial proportion of the Brazilian population is susceptible to Varicella infection, and a considerable part of the adolescents and young adults remain VZV-seronegative and are thus also at risk
- Published
- 2001
272. Fasceíte Necrosante Pós Varicela
- Author
-
Gonçalves, E, Furtado, F, Estrada, J, Vale, MC, Pinto, M, Santos, M, Moura, G, and Vasconcelos, C
- Subjects
Varicela ,Streptococcus Beta Hemolítico A ,HDE UCI PED ,Fasceíte Necrosante - Abstract
A fasceíte necrosante é uma infecção pouco frequente, caracterizada por um envolvimento rapidamente progressivo das fascias e tecido celular subcutâneo. Os AA apresentam três casos clínicos de fasceíte necrosante que têm como características comuns: antecedentes próximos de varicela, sinais inflamatórios repidamente progressivos com marcado álgico, compromisso sistémico sugestuvo de síndrome de choque tóxico e isolamento de Streptococcus beta - hemolítico do grupo A (dois dos três casos): Um precoce diagnóstico diferencial com celulite, antibioterapia de largo espectro, suporte hemodinâmico intensivo e, sobretudo, rápido e extenso desbridamento cirúrgico, são determinantes fundamentais no prognóstico desta patologia, com elevada mortalidade.
- Published
- 2001
273. Soroepidemiology of Varicella in Brazil : results of a prospective, cross-sectional study
- Author
-
Azevedo, Tania, Fonseca, José Carlos Ferraz da, Silva, Anamaria Cavalcante, Silveira, Themis Reverbel da, and Clemens, Ralf
- Subjects
Varicela ,Estudos transversais ,Estudos soroepidemiológicos ,Epidemiology ,Varicella - Abstract
Objetivos: A varicela tem conseqüências mais graves em adolescentes e adultos. Recentes relatos da Europa e da Ásia mostram um número crescente de adolescentes e adultos jovens soronegativos. Como são poucos os dados sobre a prevalência de anti-VZV no Brasil e com o objetivo de definir estratégias para a imunização contra a varicela, realizamos um estudo de soropreval ência para o VZV (vírus varicela zoster) em diferentes partes do Brasil. Métodos: Este estudo soroepidemiológico, transversal e populacional foi realizado em quatro diferentes regiões do Brasil. A população estudada foi estratificada por sexo, idade e situação socioeconômica. Anticorpos Ig G, anti-VZV foram analisados pelo método ELISA. Resultados: Foram incluídos no estudo 3.879 indivíduos de 1 a 40 anos. A taxa de soropositividade do anti-VZV em todos os grupos etários e centros no Brasil foi de 85,4 %. Evidenciou-se uma forte correlação com a idade. Especialmente no Sudeste e Sul, a soroprevalência foi menor no grupo etário de 1-5 anos (44,5% e 57,8%, respectivamente). Na região Norte esta taxa foi de 88,9%. No geral, a infecção pelo VZV foi independente do nível socioecon ômico, entretanto nos grupos etários jovens (1-10 anos) a soropreval ência foi significativamente menor nas classes alta/média, na maioria das regiões. A história clínica de varicela se correlacionou com a soropositividade anti-VZV, tendo um valor preditivo de 95,1%. Conclusões: Na pré-adolescência, uma proporção substancial da população brasileira é susceptível à varicela e uma parcela considerável de adolescentes e adultos jovens permanecem soronegativos e, conseqüentemente, em risco. Objectives: Varicella has more serious consequences in adolescents and adults. Recent reports from Europe and Asia show an increasing number of adolescents and young adults being seronegative. As there is only limited data on varicella zoster virus (VZV) seroprevalence in Brazil and to facilitate the strategy for varicella vaccination we conducted a VZV seroprevalence study in Brazil. Methods: This population-based, cross sectional seroepidemiology study was performed in 4 different regions of Brazil. The studied population was stratified according to gender, age and socioeconomic status. VZV IgG antibodies were analyzed by ELISA. Results: 3,879 subjects aged 1.40 years were included into the study. The overall anti-VZV seropositivity rate across all age groups and centers in Brazil was 85.4%. There was a strong age relationship. Especially in the South East and South seroprevalence was low in the age group 1-5 years (44.5% and 57.8%, respectively) while in the North the rate was 88.9%. Overall, Varicella infection was independent of the socioeconomic level, but in the youngest age groups (1-10 years) seroprevalence rates were significantly lower in the high/medium socioeconomic class for most regions. Clinical history of chickenpox correlates well with anti- VZV seropositivity with a predictive value of 95.1% Conclusions: In preadolescence a substantial proportion of the Brazilian population is susceptible to Varicella infection, and a considerable part of the adolescents and young adults remain VZVseronegative and are thus also at risk.
- Published
- 1999
274. Cálculo de la población susceptible ante una nueva campaña de vacunación frente a la varicela
- Author
-
J.A. Navarro-Alonso, J.J. Pérez-Martín, L. Fernández-Sáez, and P J Bernal-González
- Subjects
Medicine(all) ,Inmunización masiva ,Adolescent ,Philosophy ,Susceptibilidad a enfermedades ,Health Promotion ,General Medicine ,Chickenpox Vaccine ,Chickenpox ,Varicela ,Humans ,Disease Susceptibility ,Cartas De Investigación ,Child ,Family Practice ,Humanities - Abstract
INTRODUCCIÓN: El Consejo Interterritorial ha recomendado recientemente la vacunación frente a la varicela en preadolescentes susceptibles(1). Esta estrategia es la que permite una mayor disminución de la morbimortalidad originada por la varicela(2) sin disminuir la circulación del virus, puesto que dicha disminución podría llevar a un aumento del herpes zoster en los adultos(3). La estrategia de la Región de Murcia es vacunar a todos los preadolescentes susceptibles a la vez que se administra la segunda dosis de hepatitis B. OBJETIVOS: Determinar con un error de ± 5% el número de dosis necesarias para vacunar a las personas susceptibles de la cohorte de 10 años de edad de la Región de Murcia. DISEÑO: Encuesta descriptiva trasversal postal, con recaptación telefónica de los no respondedores durante el primer mes. Se seleccionó aleatoriamente del Registro de vacunas de la Región de Murcia (con cobertura universal) una muestra de 450 niños de 10 años. Se envió por correo a sus padres un cuestionario en el que se les preguntaba sobre la historia de varicela clasificada en sí, no y dudoso. En el mismo envío se incluyó un sobre de respuesta prefranqueado. Se estableció contacto telefónico con los que no respondieron durante el primer mes. Se definió como «susceptibles» a los niños cuyos padres contestaban que sus hijos no habían pasado la varicela o no estaban seguros, y «no susceptibles» a los que declaraban haber pasado la varicela. El período del estudio fue marzo-junio de 2005. Los datos se analizaron con Epi-Info versión 2002. RESULTADOS: La tasa de respuesta fue del 84,4% tras la recaptación telefónica. Los susceptibles fueron el 27,6% (intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95%, 23,3-32,5) y los no susceptibles de vacunación el 72,4% (IC del 95%, 67,5-76,7). Estratificando por la forma de obtención de la respuesta (correo frente a teléfono), no se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (tabla 1). El número de dosis necesarias para vacunar a los susceptibles teniendo en cuenta los efectivos de la cohorte y la cobertura esperada es de 3.051. DISCUSIÓN: Nuestros resultados muestran un número de dosis para vacunar a esta cohorte mayor de lo esperado. Basándonos en la población susceptible de 10-14 años del «Estudio seroepidemiológico: situación de las enfermedades vacunables en España, 1996»(4), el número de dosis que es necesario adquirir es de 1.005. En función del valor predictivo negativo (VPN) calculado en otros países para este grupo de edad(5,6), cabría esperar que este número de dosis se duplicara, puesto que no se incluye la serología; sin embargo, nuestros resultados implican más del triple de dosis. Estos resultados pueden deberse a un menor VPN en nuestro medio, a que la muestra seleccionada haya sido de individuos de 10 años (en el límite inferior de la población de 10-14 años) o a una combinación de ambas. No se han detectado diferencias significativas respecto al medio de contestación (postal frente a telefónica), lo que aporta mayor robustez al estudio. Aunque el número de susceptibles puede disminuir hasta que se les vacune el próximo mes de noviembre, nuestro trabajo muestra que son necesarios un mayor número de dosis y de esfuerzos logísticos de los previstos inicialmente. [Image: see text]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
275. Surto de varicela entre imigrantes venezuelanos alojados em abrigos e ocupações no estado de Roraima, 2019: um estudo descritivo
- Author
-
Sérgio Murilo Coelho de Andrade, Maria Isabella Claudino Haslett, Juliane Maria Alves Siqueira Malta, Ernesto Isaac Montenegro Renoiner, Adriana Regina Farias Lucena, Francieli Fontana Sutile Fantinato, Valdirene Oliveira Cruz, Christiane Silva da Costa, and Elizabeth David dos Santos
- Subjects
Varicela ,Imunização ,Surtos de Doenças ,Vacinação ,Estudos Descritivos ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Resumo Objetivo Descrever o surto de varicela entre imigrantes venezuelanos em abrigos e ocupações nos municípios de Pacaraima e Boa Vista, Roraima, Brasil, e as medidas de controle implementadas. Métodos Estudo descritivo do tipo ‘série de casos’, realizado entre 21 de novembro e 13 de dezembro de 2019, sobre banco de dados secundários da investigação do surto disponibilizado pela Coordenação-Geral do Programa Nacional de Imunizações. Na análise descritiva, utilizaram-se medidas de frequência simples e relativa e foram calculadas medidas de tendência central e dispersão. Resultados Dos 9.591 imigrantes, detectaram-se 38 casos ativos e 1.459 suscetíveis à varicela. Dos casos ativos, 23 eram do sexo feminino e a faixa etária mais acometida foi a de menores de 9 anos (17 casos). Conclusão Identificaram-se pessoas suscetíveis a varicela na investigação; foram adotadas ações de imunização que controlaram a transmissão, evitando casos graves, óbitos e sobrecarga da rede de assistência à saúde local.
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
276. [Decrease in the incidence of chickenpox in the Community of Madrid after universal childhood immunization. Years 2001-2015].
- Author
-
García Comas L, Latasa Zamalloa P, Alemán Vega G, Ordobás Gavín M, Arce Arnáez A, Rodero Garduño I, Estirado Gómez A, and Marisquerena EI
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Chickenpox prevention & control, Chickenpox Vaccine, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Incidence, Infant, Male, Spain epidemiology, Time Factors, Urban Health, Chickenpox epidemiology, Vaccination Coverage statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Objective: Varicella vaccine was recommended in the Community of Madrid (CM) at 15months of age between November 2006 and December 2013. The objective was to describe the impact of vaccination on the incidence of varicella in the CM during the period 2001-2015., Design: A descriptive study of cases of varicella reported to the Sentinel Physician Network of the CM and the cases recorded in the Minimum Basic Data Set at hospital discharge was carried out. Total incidence of cases and of hospital admissions were calculated, as well as specific incidence by age and sex., Results: The incidence was 94.0% lower between 2012 and 2013 than between 2001 and 2003. Between 2014 and 2015 the incidence was 61.8% higher than between 2012 and 2013. The highest incidence was observed in children aged 0 to 4years except for 2010-2014, which was exceeded by the incidence in children aged 5 to 9. The trend in hospital admissions was also decreasing, with the highest incidence in children aged 0 to 1year, followed by 1-4years., Conclusions: There has been a significant decrease in the incidence of cases and of hospital admissions by varicella in all age groups after the recommendation to vaccinate at 15months of age, which is compatible with the effectiveness of a dose and its ability to produce immunity group. The withdrawal of this recommendation between 2014 and 2015 has led to an increase in the incidence., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
277. Neumonía varicelosa en el adulto: estudio de 17 casos
- Author
-
C Roy Escarda, N Vicente Tierno, F García Martín, and M Reimundo Díaz-Fierros
- Subjects
Medicine(all) ,Varicela ,business.industry ,Treatment outcome ,Neumonía ,Medicine ,General Medicine ,Enfermedades infecciosas ,Cartas De Investigación ,business ,Neumonía varicelosa ,Family Practice ,Humanities - Abstract
OBJETIVO: Revisar las características clinicoterapéuticas y evolutivas de los pacientes diagnosticados de neumonía varicelosa en los últimos 9 años en un hospital. DISEÑO: Estudio descriptivo. EMPLAZAMIENTO: Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Valladolid. PARTICIPANTES: Se incluyó en el estudio a los pacientes > 18 años de edad que ingresaron durante el período comprendido entre el 1 de enero de 1996 y el 30 de septiembre de 2004 y que al alta habían sido diagnosticados de neumonía varicelosa. Dicho diagnóstico se basó en criterios clinicorradiológicos en el curso de una varicela, definida por la aparición de un exantema vesiculoso generalizado en el contexto de un síndrome febril. MEDICIONES PRINCIPALES: Recogimos los siguientes datos: edad, sexo, días de estancia en el hospital y en la unidad de cuidados intensivos, antecedentes personales y contacto reciente con la enfermedad, radiología, clínica, auscultación pulmonar, paO(2), complicaciones, tratamiento y evolución(1-3). RESULTADOS: De los 19 pacientes incluidos en el registro con el diagnóstico de neumonía varicelosa no se pudo encontrar las historias de 2 por distintos motivos, por lo que se estudió a 17 pacientes (tabla 1). La edad media de los pacientes era de 33,3 ± 4,2 años. La presentación de la neumonía varicelosa fue más frecuente (70,6%) durante los meses templados (mayo-septiembre), con una estancia media hospitalaria de 12,18 ± 7,5 días (rango, 6-75). Refería contacto previo con la varicela el 64,7% de los pacientes. Únicamente uno de los pacientes no era fumador. El patrón radiológico más característico era el infiltrado reticulonodular (8 casos). En la auscultación pulmonar, 9 pacientes tenían crepitantes, 1 roncus y sibilancias y en los casos restantes era normal. Hubo 4 casos (23,5%) con paO(2) < 60 mmHg. Las alteraciones analíticas más frecuentes fueron trombopenia y aumento de GOT/GPT, presentándose ambas en 7 pacientes.Todos recibieron acyclovir por vía oral y/o intravenosa, con una evolución satisfactoria en todos los casos. DISCUSIÓN Y CONCLUSIONES: La neumonía varicelosa es la complicación más frecuente (15%) de la primoinfección por el virus de la varicela zoster en el adulto, con una mortalidad en el adulto sano del 10-30%(1,2). Es necesario hacer un seguimiento de los pacientes adultos que desarrollan varicela, ya que en caso de presentar sintomatología respiratoria e hipoxemia en el curso de ésta, el aciclovir presenta escasa toxicidad y con su administración intravenosa parece evidente una mejoría clínica y de la cifra de plaquetas más precoz(1,2,4).
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
278. Epidemiology characteristics of chickenpox hospitalizations at Peru Children's Hospital, 2001-2011
- Author
-
Sonia Farfán-Ramos, Edwin Miranda-Choque, Lizzet Lara-Levano, and Sara Barrientos-Zulca
- Subjects
chickenpox ,lcsh:R5-920 ,lcsh:R ,lcsh:Medicine ,Enfermedad estacional ,Geography ,varicela ,hospitalización ,Seasonal disturbance ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,lcsh:Medicine (General) ,Humanities ,hospitalization ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Objetivo: Determinar las variabilidad estacional de hospitalizaciones por varicela. Diseño: Serie de casos. Institución: Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño (INSN) del Perú. Participantes: Niños hospitalizados por varicela. Intervenciones: Se estudió las hospitalizaciones por varicela de niños atendidos en el INSN del Perú desde el año 2001 hasta el 2011, país sin implementación de la vacunación contra la varicela; se identificó a los pacientes de la oficina de estadística. Principales medidas de resultados: Variabilidad estacional de hospitalizaciones de los niños atendidos por varicela. Resultados: Se estudió a 1 566 niños hospitalizados por varicela, siendo la mediana de edad de 2 años 6 meses, 46,4% (727/1 466) de sexo femenino, mediana de estancia hospitalaria seis días (RIQ:9,4). El grupo etario más afectado fue de 0 a 2 años, correspondiendo al 55% (864/1 566). En la curva de frecuencias de hospitalizaciones por varicela por meses evidenciamos la distribución estacional, con una tendencia al incremento cada vez mayor por año. Las hospitalizaciones por varicelas con al menos alguna complicación correspondieron a 68,5%(1 073/1 566). El porcentaje de fallecidos fue 0,83% (13/1 493). Conclusiones: Las hospitalizaciones por varicela en el INSN es una causa importante de morbilidad, con una tendencia estacional, siendo más frecuente en los meses de noviembre a febrero, con el incremento cada vez mayor por año y supone una importante carga económica. Objective: To determine the epidemiology of chickenpox hospitalizations. Design: Case series study. Setting: National Institute of Child Health, Lima, Peru. Participants: Children with chickenpox. Interventions: Children hospitalized for chickenpox from 2001 to 2011 at Peru’s National Institute of Child Health (INSN) -country without routine vaccination against this infection-were identified from the statistical office data. Main outcome measures: Seasonal variability of children hospitalized with chickenpox. Results: We studied 1 566 children hospitalized for chickenpox, with mean age 2 years 6 months; 46.4% (727/1 466) were female, median hospital stay was 6 days (IQR: 9.4). The most affected group was 0 to 2 years corresponding to 55% (864/1 566). There was seasonal distribution in months’ frequency with annual increasing trend. Cases of chickenpox with some complication were 68.5% (1 073/1 566), and 0.83% (13/1 493) died. Conclusions: Hospitalizations for chickenpox in the INSN is a major cause of morbidity, with seasonal trend, more frequent from November to February, with tendency to annual increase; it represents a significant economic burden.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
279. Infección por virus varicela zoster en enfermedad de Hodgkin del niño en estadios avanzados III y IV
- Author
-
Maria Olga Delgado S, Maria Soledad Wenzel A, and Paola Zolezzi R
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Chickenpox ,integumentary system ,business.industry ,viruses ,Follow up studies ,virus diseases ,herpes zoster ,Disease ,medicine.disease ,Gastroenterology ,Virus ,Clinical evidence ,varicela ,Internal medicine ,Induction therapy ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,medicine ,Neoplasm staging ,enfermedad de Hodgkin ,virus varicela zoster ,business ,inmunosupresion ,Pneumonitis - Abstract
Over a 10-year period, among 22 children with Hodgkin's disease (stages III and IV), 10 (45.5%) developed varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection, varicella in 8 cases (36.4%) and herpes zoster (HZ) in 3 (13.6%) (one patient had varicella and six months later). Three patients with varicella had significant pneumonitis, one of them showed clinical evidence of dissemination and died. Two patients had localized HZ and one had disseminated HZ without visceral involvement. All cases of VZV infections occurred in the first year of treatment: the primary infection presented while patients were under induction therapy and the secondary one after radiotherapy.
- Published
- 1990
280. Varicefla-zoster infection in children with advanced Hodgkin's disease
- Author
-
Zolezzi R, Paola, Soledad Wenzel A, Maria, and Delgado S, Maria Olga
- Subjects
chickenpox ,integumentary system ,varicela ,viruses ,immunosupression ,virus diseases ,enfermedad de Hodgkin ,herpes zoster ,virus varicela zoster ,Hodgkin's disease ,varicella zoster virus ,inmunosupresion ,infection - Published
- 1990
281. [Seroprevalence of varicella-zoster virus antibodies after the recent introduction of the universal childhood immunisation schedule in the Community of Madrid].
- Author
-
García-Comas L, Ordobás Gavín M, Sanz Moreno JC, Ramos Blázquez B, Gutiérrez Rodríguez MA, and Barranco Ordóñez D
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Chickenpox Vaccine administration & dosage, Child, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, Immunization Schedule, Infant, Middle Aged, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Antibodies, Viral blood, Chickenpox Vaccine immunology, Herpesvirus 3, Human immunology
- Abstract
Background and Objective: In November 2006, the Community of Madrid included the chickenpox vaccine into the immunisation schedule for children from 15 months of age. This was withdrawn in January 2014. Seroprevalence of antibodies to the virus is estimated after the first 2-3 years from the inclusion of the vaccine, and as well as its evolution since 1999., Material and Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on the target population consisting of residents in the Community of Madrid between 2 and 60 years of age. Measurement of IgG antibodies was performed using an ELISA technique. Seroprevalence was estimated according to sociodemographic characteristics using multiple logistic regressions. The results are compared with previous surveys. Also, the seroprevalence and geometric mean of the antibody according immunisation status and history of the disease are presented. The confidence level used is 95%., Results: A total of 4,378 subjects were included, with a response rate of 69%. The estimated seroprevalence was 95.3% (95% CI: 94.6% - 95.9%). Over 90% of children from the age of 10 have antibodies. The seroprevalence was higher in people with less education. The seroprevalence of immunity vaccine exceeds 90% in the first year after vaccination, but in the second year decreased to 82.6% (95% CI 56.0 - 94.7). Significant differences, attributable to universal vaccination, were found compared to previous surveys., Discussion: Continued surveillance is needed in order to assess the impact of the withdrawal of the recommendation to vaccinate at 15 months., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier España, S.L.U. and Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
282. Varicella zoster virus related deaths and hospitalizations before the introduction of universal vaccination with the tetraviral vaccine.
- Author
-
de Martino Mota A and Carvalho-Costa FA
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Distribution, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Brazil epidemiology, Chickenpox Vaccine administration & dosage, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine administration & dosage, Middle Aged, Program Evaluation, Retrospective Studies, Seasons, Time Factors, Vaccines, Combined administration & dosage, Young Adult, Chickenpox mortality, Chickenpox prevention & control, Herpes Zoster mortality, Herpes Zoster prevention & control, Herpesvirus 3, Human, Hospitalization statistics & numerical data, Immunization Programs statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Objective: To characterize varicella zoster virus-related deaths and hospitalizations in Brazil before universal vaccination with the tetravalent (measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella) vaccine, attempting to collect baseline data on varicella morbidity and mortality in order to evaluate the impact of the varicella vaccination program., Methods: Varicella-associated mortality data were evaluated between 1996 and 2011 and varicella zoster virus-associated hospitalizations between 1998 and 2013. Data were gathered from the Informatics Department of the Unified Health System, considering the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, code B01. All age groups were assessed. Varicella-specific mortality rates were calculated and seasonality of varicella-zoster virus-associated hospitalizations was described., Results: There were 2334 varicella deaths between 1996 and 2011, 19.3% in infants aged less than 1 year and 36% in children from 1 to 4 years. In infants under 1 year, varicella mortality rates reached 3.2/100,000/year. In children aged 1-4 years, varicella mortality rates reach 1.64/100,000/year. Average annual mortality rates for varicella in Brazil are 0.88/100,000 in infants under 1 year and 0.40/100,000 in children aged 1-4 years. The total number of hospitalizations associated with varicella zoster virus was 62,246 from 2008 to 2013. Varicella-associated hospitalizations have a seasonal distribution in children, peaking in November. In the elderly, monthly averages of herpes zoster-associated hospitalizations present no significant seasonal variation., Conclusions: Varicella is associated, in the pre-vaccine period, to significant morbidity and mortality in Brazil. The universal vaccination program is expected to decrease the disease burden from varicella., (Copyright © 2016 Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
283. [Hospital admissions due to varicella in a tertiary hospital].
- Author
-
Guzmán Laura KP, Periañez Vasco A, Falcón Neyra MD, and Croche Santander B
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Chickenpox complications, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Retrospective Studies, Tertiary Care Centers, Chickenpox epidemiology, Patient Admission statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Introduction: Varicella (chickenpox) can cause serious complications and admission to hospital. Several countries included the varicella vaccine in their immunization schedules., Material and Methods: A descriptive and retrospective study of hospitalizations due to varicella and its complications was conducted in a referral center from 2005 to 2011., Results: A total of 1192 children with varicella were seen in the emergency room, of which 99 (8.5%) required admission. The annual incidence of admissions due to varicella and varicella complications was, 19.4 and 15.3 cases per 100,000 children under 14 years, respectively. Complications were more common in children under 5 years (79.5%), and with no underlying disease (78.2%). Infection of skin and soft tissue was the most common complication (62%). The mean hospital stay was 4.5 days (SD 4)., Conclusions: Varicella causes high morbidity, and is more frequent in absolute terms in healthy children under 5 years of age. Therefore, routine vaccination recommended by the Immunization Advisory Committee should be mandatory., (Copyright © 2013 Asociación Española de Pediatría. Published by Elsevier Espana. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
284. Varicella zoster virus in bell's palsy: a prospective study
- Author
-
Santos, Mônica Alcantara de Oliveira, Caiaffa Filho, Hélio H, Vianna, Melissa Ferreira, Almeida, Andressa Guimarães do Prado, and Lazarini, Paulo Roberto
- Subjects
integumentary system ,viruses ,paralisia facial ,virus diseases ,facial paralysis ,herpes zoster ,prospective studies ,bell's palsy ,stomatognathic diseases ,estudos prospectivos ,varicella ,varicela ,paralisia de bell - Abstract
Embora a paralisia de Bell seja o tipo mais frequente de paralisia facial periférica,sua causa ainda é objeto de inúmeros questionamentos. A reativação do vírus varicela zoster tem sido considerada uma das principais causas da paralisia de Bell, porém, os poucos trabalhos que estudam a prevalência do VVZ como agente etiológico da PB são japoneses, o que determina características geográficas e populacionais bastante díspares de nossa população. OBJETIVOS: Verificar a frequência do vírus varicela zoster em saliva de indivíduos com PB, pela técnica de PCR. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Estudo prospectivo com 171 pacientes com PFP, sendo 120 pacientes portadores de paralisia de Bell, com até uma semana de evolução, sem uso prévio de drogas antivirais. O grupo controle foi composto de 20 adultos sadios. Nestes indivíduos foram coletadas três amostras de saliva em semanas consecutivas, para pesquisa de DNA viral pela técnica de PCR. RESULTADOS: O vírus varicela zoster foi encontrado em amostras de saliva de dois pacientes com paralisia de Bell (1,7%). Nenhum vírus foi identificado no grupo controle. CONCLUSÃO: Foi verificada frequência de 1,7% para vírus varicela zoster em amostras de saliva de pacientes com paralisia de Bell, pela técnica de PCR. Although Bell's palsy is the major cause of acute peripheral facial palsy, its pathogenesis remains unknown. Reactivation of the varicella zoster virus has been implicated as one of the main causes of Bell's palsy, however, studies which investigate the varicella zoster virus reactivation in Bell's palsy patients are mostly Japanese and, therefore, personal and geographic characteristics are quite different from our population. AIMS: To determine varicella zoster virus frequency in saliva samples from patients with Bell's palsy, using PCR. MATERIAL AND METHOD: One hundred seventy one patients with acute peripheral facial palsy were prospectively enrolled in this study. One hundred twenty were clinically diagnosed with Bell's palsy, within one week of onset of the disease and no previous anti-viral therapy. We had 20 healthy adults as controls. Three saliva samples were collected from patients and controls at initial examination and at one and two weeks later. The detection of the varicella zoster virus DNA was performed using PCR. RESULTS: Varicella zoster virus was detected in two patients (1.7%). The virus was not identified in saliva samples from the controls. CONCLUSIONS: Varicella zoster virus was detected in 1.7% of saliva samples from patients with Bell's palsy, using PCR.
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
285. Ectima gangrenoso en pediatría
- Author
-
Juan P Rojas, Guillermo González, Yuly Andrea Muñoz, and Juan Manuel López
- Subjects
Microbiology (medical) ,business.industry ,lcsh:RM1-950 ,medicine.disease ,Varicella ,Molecular biology ,Ectima gangrenoso ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,Ecthyma gangrenosum ,Infectious Diseases ,lcsh:Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,Varicela ,Superinfection ,Sobreinfección ,medicine ,Pharmacology (medical) ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,business - Abstract
ResumenEl ectima gangrenoso es una infección poco frecuente de la piel, conocida con una característica lesión causada principalmente por la Pseudomoma aeruginosa, pero que también se puede presentar por otro tipo de bacterias del tipo Staphylococcus aureus o el Streptococcus beta hemolítico del grupo A (S. beta hemolítico del grupo A), entre otros. Esta entidad se asocia frecuentemente con inmunodeficiencias primarias y secundarias. Las lesiones, clínicamente, se presentan como máculas eritematovioláceas, descamativas que rápidamente evolucionan a papulovesículas, ampollas hemorrágicas y costrosas que dejan unas úlceras profundas en sacabocado con fondo necrótico. La mortalidad es alta, entre 40 y 75% de los individuos inmunológicamente comprometidos.Se describe el caso de una niña de 5 años que inicialmente presentó varicela y luego una sobreinfección por S. aureus ocasionando un cuadro clínico de un ectima gangrenoso; al diagnóstico se llega por la clínica, cultivos y biopsias de piel. Se realizó manejo con aciclovir, clindamicina y cefepime endovenoso, con buena y rápida respuesta de la paciente.AbstractEcthyma gangrenosum (EG) is a rare infection of the skin, known as a characteristic lesion caused by Pseudomoma aeruginosa, but also can occur from other types of bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus or beta hemolytic group, among others. This condition is often associated with primary and secondary immunodeficiencies. The lesions present clinically as scaly, erythematous violacious macules that rapidly evolve into papule-vesicles, bleeding and crusty blisters leaving a deep punch ulcer with a necrotic base. Mortality is high, between 40% and 75% of immunologically compromised individuals.We describe the case of a girl of 5 years of age who initially presented chickenpox and then superinfection with Staphylococcus aureus, causing a clinical picture of EG. The diagnosis was reached based on symptoms, cultures and skin biopsies. Management was achieved with acyclovir, intravenous clindamycin and cefepime, with a good and quick response by the patient.
286. Mielitis Transversa Aguda como complicación de la Varicela. Presentación de Caso
- Author
-
Miguel Angel Serra Valdes, Juan Carlos Laurencio Espinosa., and Jorge Luis Valdés Fuster.
- Subjects
lcsh:R5-920 ,Mielitis transversa aguda ,Mielitis postinfecciosa ,Varicela ,complicaciones ,lcsh:Public aspects of medicine ,enfermedades autoinmunes ,lcsh:RA1-1270 ,adulto ,lcsh:Medicine (General) ,diagnóstico - Abstract
Introducción: El virus de la Varicela es causante de varias complicaciones en el curso de la misma, entre ellas la Mielitis transversa. Su mecanismo es auto inmune. El 30 % de los casos evoluciona de forma crónica con serias secuelas invalidantes. Objetivo: Presentar un caso del cual no existe reporte en la literatura nacional y muy poco internacional. Revisión de la literatura actualizada. Presentación del caso: Mujer de 45 años sin antecedentes patológicos y con 15 días de evolución con Varicela. Las manifestaciones clínicas neurológicas que aparecieron, la respuesta terapéutica y la evolución del caso corroboraron el diagnóstico. Se realizó RMN, estudio del LCR y velocidad de conducción nerviosa. Conclusiones: Es una complicación muy poco frecuente. Con diagnóstico temprano y terapéutica oportuna la evolución puede ser favorable. Se recomienda tener presente la misma ante el aumento de la incidencia de Varicela en los últimos meses tanto en niños como en adultos.ABSTRACT Introduction: Chickenpox virus causes several clinical complications during the course of the disease; among them is transverse Myelitis. Its mechanism is auto immune and 30% is reported to evolve to a chronic presentation with invalidating consequences. Objective: To show a patient with an acute transverse Myelitis as a complication of the course of the chickenpox in an adult. Case Presentation: We show a 45 years old female, without previous history of a disease and 15 days of evolution of the chickenpox. The clinical neurological manifestations supported by the study of the Cerebrospinal Fluid, the images of the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance , the speed of the nervous conduction, the response to the therapeutics and its evolution support the diagnosis. Conclusions: Transverse Myelitis is a non-frequent complication of chickenpox in adults, with an early diagnosis and an appropriate treatment, the evolution could be positiveKey Words: Auto immune diseases, Post infectious Myelitis, Acute Transverse, Chickenpox, adult, complications, diagnosis
287. Gastric varicella: two cases in cancer patients
- Author
-
Carlos Sánchez Sánchez, Patricia Romero Cara, Senador Morán Sánchez, Laura Sevilla Cáceres, Pilar Martínez García, Violeta María Sastre Lozano, and María Torregrosa Lloret
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Abdominal pain ,viruses ,Stomach Diseases ,Acyclovir ,Disease ,Antiviral Agents ,Gastroenterology ,Virus ,Inmunosupresión ,Blood cancer ,Immunocompromised Host ,03 medical and health sciences ,High morbidity ,Chickenpox ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,lcsh:RC799-869 ,integumentary system ,business.industry ,virus diseases ,General Medicine ,Gastric lesions ,Middle Aged ,Abdominal Pain ,Varicela ,Hematologic Neoplasms ,Gastritis ,Female ,lcsh:Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Skin lesion - Abstract
Gastric involvement with the varicella-zoster virus is an uncommon clinical condition where early suspicion and diagnosis are important to prevent the consequences deriving from its high morbidity and mortality, which in immunocompromised patients oscillate between 9% and 41% according to the various series. Two cases of gastric involvement with the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) in two patients with blood cancer are reported below. Gastric lesions are usually preceded by typical papulovesicular skin lesions. When gastric involvement is the first symptom of the disease its diagnosis and management may be delayed, which may entail severe consequences for immunocompromised patients. It is therefore that we suggest its inclusion in the algorithm for immunocompromised patients with abdominal pain and ulcer-like endoscopic lesions.
288. El suero de convaleciente concentrado en las enfermedades infecciosas, con especial aplicación al tifo exantemático, a la parotiditis, al sarampión y a la varicela
- Author
-
Macchiavello, A. and Macchiavello, A.
- Abstract
Después de los ensayos de prevención del Tifo Exantemático realizadas utilizando suero de convalecientes, el método fué prácticamente abandonado por sus resultados inconstantes y por la escasa potencia de los sueros. Igual cosa puede decirse respecto a las propiedades curativas, aun menores que las preventivas. Evidentemente, el suero de convalecientes tifosos se muestra menos activo que el de convalecientes de otras enfermedades infecciosas, como sarampión, parotíditis, etc. (1 a 4). En 1935, Zinsser y Castañeda logran obtener suero de caballo hiperinmune contra el Tifo, el mismo que pudo ser concentrado aprovechando la fracción globulínica isoluble en agua. Con este suero, los autores citados logran proteger contra el Tifo experimental del cobayo, variedad mejicana, y con el suero concentrado, los mismos investigadores, con Hager, logran, posteriormente, protección contra el virus del Tifo europeo experimental. (5, 6, 7). Varela y Parada, comprueban lo primero y Macchiavello, lo último, en gran número de experiencias de lo que nosotros designamos como sero-proteccíón (suero inyectado por distinta vía y no necesariamente al mismo tiempo que el virus, y, principalmente, sin que haya habido contacto previo entre ambos) (7 a 8). Bustamante, Varela y Bosque Pichardo, y luégo, los dos primeros autores con Ríos Negri, comprueban el valor preventivo del suero de Harvard contra el tifo mejicano del hombre y Macchiavello en Valparaíso, 1937, contra el tifo epidémico europeo (9, 10, 11).
- Published
- 1943
289. Essai sur les anomalies de la variole et de la varicelle : avec l'histoire analytique de l'épidémie éruptive qui a régné a Montpellier en 1816
- Author
-
Bérard, F, Lavit, M. de, Bérard, F, and Lavit, M. de
- Abstract
https://patrimoniodigital.ucm.es/r/thumbnail/604679, https://books.google.com/books/ucm?vid=UCM5308592039&printsec=frontcover&img=1
290. Influencia de la varicela y sarampión el curso de la meningitis TBC: En tratamiento
- Author
-
GUSTIN KAIRUZ, MAZUDE and E. HOWARD, JORGE
- Subjects
chickenpox ,meningitis tuberculosa ,varicela ,tuberculous meningitis ,measles ,sarampión - Published
- 1954
291. Vacunaciones preventivas en la infancia
- Author
-
SEPULVEDA R, DARIO
- Subjects
chickenpox ,Vacunas ,rabia ,Vaccines ,tiphus ,tuberculosis ,tifus ,varicela ,rabies - Published
- 1950
292. MédicosSentinela : relatório de actividades 2010
- Author
-
Branco, Maria João, Silva, Susana, Batista, Inês, Nunes, Baltazar, and Carlos Matias Dias
- Subjects
Agressão ,Acidente ,Cuidados de Saúde ,Herpes ,Estados de Saúde e de Doença ,Lesão Autoinfligida ,Varicela ,Interrupção Voluntária da Gravidez ,Acidente Vascular Cerebral ,Síndroma Gripal ,Diabetes Mellitus ,Médicos-Sentinela ,Enfarte Agudo do Miocárdio ,Consulta relacionada com Ombro Doloroso - Abstract
A Rede Médicos-Sentinela (MS) é constituída por médicos de Medicina Geral e Familiar (MGF) cuja atividade profissional é desenvolvida, na sua maioria, em Centros de Saúde do Serviço Nacional de Saúde. No ano em análise identificaram-se 49 Médicos– Sentinela cuja prática se desenvolvia, dispersa por 26 Unidades de Saúde Familiar.
293. Varicela, afectación palmo-plantar y neumonía
- Author
-
Magallanes Gamboa, Jeffrey O., Álvaro Ochoa Ramírez, Verónica Notario Barba, Almudena Herrero Domingo, and Fernando Marcos Sánchez
- Subjects
Varicela ,Neumonía ,Exantema - Abstract
RESUMEN La varicela es una enfermedad propia de la infancia; su presentación en adultos es muy poco frecuente y suele asociarse a cuadros de mayor gravedad y afectación sistémica. Se presenta como un exantema generalizado de diseminación centrípeta, pruriginoso y pleomórfico, de predominio facial y troncular, que respeta las extremidades. La neumonía es la complicación extracutánea más frecuente y la principal causa de hospitalización en este grupo etario. La afectación palmo-plantar es excepcional y suele estar asociada a enfermedad diseminada en pacientes con importante comorbilidad o algún tipo inmunosupresión. Presentamos el caso de un paciente de 71 años que presenta enfermedad varicelosa diseminada, caracterizada por neumonía y afectación palmo-plantar, en el contexto de tratamiento con corticoides.
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.