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We present our experience with designing and implementing the preparation of a class of fifth-grade students prior to attending an educational concert within the requirements of the official school curriculum. Based on the scientific evidence regarding preference and familiarity with music, the rationale for the lesson plans was to increase the familiarity of the students with the music they would hear in the concert through a variety of activities which met with requirement of the set curriculum. We present key points from our lesson plans as well as the reaction of the students to the lessons. With a background in both music education and mediation, we planned the lessons and created our own materials for the preparation, based on: a) analysis of the repertoire of the educational concert by a woodwind quintet; b) analysis of the requirement of the school curriculum of the Romanian Ministry of Education in the subject Musical education for schools teaching in Hungarian language; c) analysis of some resource materials for teachers, prepared by symphony orchestras for concerts with similar repertoire. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Following the end of his tenure with the Vienna Philharmonic in 1901, Gustav Mahler conducted more concerts than ever outside the imperial capital, including two performances of his Symphony No. 1 as part of the Philharmonic Society of Lemberg's first season in 1903. In Lemberg, today the city of Lviv in western Ukraine, the symphony received an overall favourable and, perhaps unknowingly, perceptive critical reception, in contrast to the notoriously harsh reviews penned by critics in Vienna three years earlier. As a means of exploring such different responses in the centre and on the periphery of the Habsburg empire, I suggest that a common language of pluralities, which Mahler shared with the region of Galicia's quotidian heterogeneity and emerging modernist movements, allowed the Leopolitan public to be ahead of Vienna in their openness to the early modernist modes of expression that would soon dominate European culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Top performers create stage magic through their command of nonverbal communication. While students aspire to the highest levels of performance, they may be unprepared for the intricacies of professional stagecraft. This study trials an experiential learning workshop about optimising nonverbal communication on the concert stage. Five emerging music professionals participated in role-playing exercises on stage entrance and appropriate stage behaviour, and discussed their experiences in the workshop and in interviews. Recordings were transcribed and coded thematically. Participants were able to exaggerate nervous, arrogant and confident stage personas, before imagining their stage entrance to an examination or the Opera House stage. As audience members, they experienced the power of performativity first-hand, and as performers, they grasped experts' approach to stage entrance to enhance performance. Participants gained a sense of autonomy over their stage presentation. These early-career performers advocated the inclusion of stage training as a critical extension to current practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore the issues around the production and design of digital concert streams, we conducted an online survey of n = 1,619 classical concert stream audience members (56,5% females, mean age 49 years). Participants were asked about their preference of various characteristics of digital concert productions, their use of and experience with various stream platforms and their socio-demographics. Considering various media user typologies previously identified in the literature, we were further interested in segmenting the audience via Latent Profile Analysis based on their preference for many different concert stream production features. We identified three distinct profiles, representing different target groups for digital concert stream productions: Digital Concert Purists (34.3% of participants), Undecided and Less Engaged Concert Users (15.2% of participants), and Digital Concert Enthusiasts (50.2% of participants). Different socio-demographic characteristics and music preferences were significantly, albeit only weakly associated with a person's probability of being a member of a certain user group. These results imply that producers of classical concert streams should consider that there are different audience groups that should be addressed differently, especially with regards to conventional and more innovative concert features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the field of rock engineering, the anisotropic failure criterion plays a vital role in predicting the strength of rocks with varying degrees of anisotropy. This study presents jointed rock as a composite material, encompassing both joints and rock blocks. A comprehensive model has been developed for jointed rock, introducing a new parameter denoted as η to account for the influence of joint thickness. Consequently, a predictive strength model that considers the thickness effect of joints has been formulated. Unlike Jaeger's single weak plane failure criterion, which exhibits a characteristic "U" shape, a novel functional model has been proposed. This new model explains the variation in strength concerning the angle of inclination. As a result, a new anisotropic strength criterion for jointed rocks has been developed. This criterion also provides a method for determining its parameters using Jaeger's failure theory. To validate the proposed criterion, 189 sets of test results from five distinct types of anisotropic rocks were utilized. The newly developed failure criterion aims to accurately estimate the anisotropic strength of jointed rocks. Moreover, it offers new criteria for evaluating the stability of engineering rock structures, particularly its applicability in predicting the strength of jointed or stratified rock mass exhibiting significant anisotropy. Highlights: A new rock strength empirical model considering the effect of joint thickness has been proposed, where the thickness and strength of joint surfaces have a significant impact on the overall strength. The overall strength of jointed rock mass shows a negative exponential decreasing trend with the increase of joint thickness. The larger the proportion of joint thickness, the closer the overall strength is to the strength of the joint surface. As the confining pressure increases, the anisotropy gradually weakens, and the confining pressure has an inhibitory effect on the anisotropy of the rock. A new empirical triaxial anisotropic failure criterion is proposed according to the variations of strength with θ and stress conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mode selectivity in the prototypical H + CH3D reaction is investigated by the initial state selected time-dependent wave packet method within a ten-dimensional quantum dynamics model. The model is a novel reduced dimensional model for the X + YCZ3 reaction, which allows the CZ3 to break C3V symmetry. The calculated reaction probabilities initially from different reactant vibrational states show that the CH3 stretching modes excitations obviously promote the H-abstraction reaction but have a slight influence on the D-abstraction reaction. In contrast, the CD stretching mode excitation significantly enhances the D-abstraction reaction. For both H- and D-abstraction reactions, the excitation of either the CH3 umbrella bending mode or the CH3 rocking mode shows a promotional effect on the reactivity, while fundamental excitation of the CH3 bending mode has a negligible effect. Impressively, the first-overtone excitation of CH3 bending mode remarkably promotes the H-abstraction reaction, resulting from the 1:2 Fermi coupling between the CH3 symmetric stretching mode and the first overtone of CH3 bending mode. In addition, translational energy is more efficient than vibrational energy in promoting the H-abstraction reaction at low energy, while vibrational energy becomes more efficient for the D-abstraction reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractMetaverse concerts transcend temporal and spatial constraints, emerging as highly sought-after virtual domains on contemporary metaverse platforms. To advance the sustainability of metaverse concerts, this study integrates the SPICE (Metaverse Concert Characteristics) model with the Extended Technology Acceptance Model (ETAM), grounded in the Stimulus-Organism-Response (SOR) theory, introducing media richness to elucidate the characteristics of metaverse concerts. Additionally, we investigate the moderating influence of emotional attachment, contributing a novel dimension to this study. The proposed framework underwent empirical validation through the collection of 521 valid responses, employing a convenience sampling method. The results indicate that concurrence, interoperability, and economic flow wield no direct impact on users’ re-participation intentions, and media richness exhibits no influence on perceived usefulness. Furthermore, the relationships of other variables in the model are positively correlated, and emotional attachment plays a moderating role in the framework. Our findings establish a theoretical underpinning for the sustainable evolution of metaverse concerts, holding practical implications for stakeholders, including managers, users, practitioners, and researchers in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Czech pianist Ludmila Zadrobilkova (1844–1872) began her concert career very early and became known throughout Europe. On tour, she also visited Croatia and Slavonia in 1861 and 1862, where she was extremely well received in the spirit of Slavism, with numerous ovations, flowers and occasional songs which were presented to her in concerts held in Zagreb, Karlovac, Đakovo and Osijek. In this paper, the media coverage of her concerts in the domestic and foreign press of the time is surveyed with the aim of identifying the main elements that contributed to her success. On the other hand, on the basis of archival material, hitherto unknown or neglected elements of her private life are illuminated, such as the period of her life in Osijek from 1866 to 1869. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The critical reception of early nineteenth-century Italian opera has long focused on its supposed cloying sweetness. This sweetness, often framed as amorous, shaped the discourse and affective experiences of primo ottocento opera. Stendhal, for instance, likened Gioachino Rossini's music to lusciously ripe fruit and to sexual arousal. Adolf Bernhard Marx found a concert of Mercadante arias to leave the bitter "aftertaste of lots of sugar." And August Wilhelm Ambros compared Rossini's melodies to gazing into the eyes of a Titian nude. This article proposes that amorous sweetness was associated with the vocal serenade, a genre evocative of sweet melodies and the ardent love of courtship. The musical elements that articulated serenade topics, what Stephen Rumph calls figurae, saturated slow movements of early nineteenth-century Italian opera. These included pizzicato strings, sustained winds, parallel thirds, and modulations to mediant keys. Although these figurae may appear in conjunction with diegetic serenades or topical serenade passages, they also frequently appeared independent of dramatically appropriate amorous situations. This article proposes that a common configuration of serenade figurae acted as a stock orchestral texture. This convention is modeled as a musical construction: the serenade construction. It paired musical structures with the semantic meanings of the serenade. In its evocation of serenading, the serenade construction preserved scripted listening strategies for attending to vocal melodies and their associated affective responses. It consequently regulated the perception of vocal timbre and perceived melodicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The digital humanities have developed in concert with online systems that increase the accessibility and speed of learning. Whereas previously students were immersed in the fluidity of campus life, they have become suspended and drawn-into various streams and currents of digital pedagogy, which articulate new forms of epistemological movement, often operating at speeds outside the lived time and rhythm of human thought. When assessing learning technologies, we have to consider the degree to which they complement the rhythms immanent to human thought, knowledge, investigation, and experimentation. In this paper, we examine learning from a humanities perspective, arguing that reading, writing, and thinking are ways of learning underscored by various genres of movement that segue with or diverge from the movements inherent to digital technologies, especially those deployed in learning systems. Using the work of thinkers such as John Dewey and Michel Serres, we examine the importance of movement in dialogue, where to truly learn involves embedding oneself in the flow of thought, accepting the flexibility of concepts, and aligning oneself with a community of thinkers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pre-Liassic basement of the Biga Peninsula, located in the westernmost part of the Sakarya Zone, consists of metamorphic assemblages that were considered to represent different continental basements in the north and south, and the suture (ophiolitic/mélange) zone(s) between them. The Çetmi mélange, defined as between these continental fragments (the Kazdağ Massif in the south and the Çamlıca Massif in the north) was evaluated as a subduction accretionary mélange of the Intra-Pontide Ocean and it was assumed that a suture passed through this part of the peninsula. This study was carried out on the most widely distributed outcrops of the Çetmi mélange(?) on the northwest flank of the Kazdağ Massif. These units, which are named the Örenli metamorphics, are represented by a succession of low-grade metamorphic volcanic-volcaniclastic rocks and alternating metasedimentary rocks and recrystallized limestones. The tectonostratigraphically lowermost levels of the Örenli metamorphics are a blocky-chaotic assemblage, whereas the uppermost levels are a regular metavolcanic-metapelite succession, which passes upward into the Late Triassic recrystallized limestones, and is cut by very low-grade metamorphic diabase dykes of 165.81 ± 1.55 Ma age. Furthermore, metavolcanic rocks of this succession show a calc-alkaline association of Basalt-Andesite-Dacite-Rhyolite (BADR) pattern in the chemical classification diagram, which is the signature volcanic rock suite of convergent margins. In addition, all the metavolcanic rock samples show a significant enrichment in terms of incompatible elements and LIL elements and negative Nb and Ti anomalies on the MORB normalized multielement spider diagram, which indicates that these rocks characterize high-K calc-alkaline volcanism at the active continental margins. Field relationships, zircon U-Pb geochronology, and geochemical data support that these units, outcropping in the study area, represent a Triassic active continental margin, most probably a fore-arc setting, related to the Paleo-Tethyan subduction, but not the subduction mélange of the Intra-Pontide Ocean. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Habib Syech bin Abdul Qodir Assegaf, a well-known Arab Indonesian singing preacher, transposed to Malaysia a model of performing selawat (praise songs) in Islamic mass concerts that captured public spaces in Indonesia. By 'capture', this article suggests both the sanctification of a physical space and the promotion of a heightened Islamic religiosity within that space. In 2014, Habib Syech performed in a mass concert held in Putrajaya, the administrative capital of Malaysia. This article explores this concert as a form of religious mediation that was facilitated by the transposition to Malaysia of the highly visible public role of descendants of the Prophet in Indonesia as well as Malaysia's political leadership and state agencies. The concert had two historic outcomes. First, it heightened the status of descendants of the Prophet in Malaysia before a massive audience gathered at the location and others watching the live broadcast in distant places. Second, it captured Putrajaya through a mix of selawat, enchantment, charismatic performance, and prayer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we provide the first absolute ages for a Big Circle megalithic structure in Jordan, using rock surface luminescence dating of the buried surface of rocks collected from circle J4 in southern Jordan. Five rocks were used for this study. All rocks showed evidence of previous daylight exposure before being used in the construction of the circle. The exposure was sufficient to bleach the latent luminescence signal to a negligible level compared to the subsequent burial dose. Three rocks gave indistinguishable ages, and were last exposed to daylight in 1500 ± 100 BCE; this is very likely to be the date of circle construction. Two others gave younger ages, indicating later disturbance or reworking. These new results provide very strong evidence for construction during the Late Bronze Age, and refute the earlier hypothesis of construction during Umayyad period (661–750 CE) as a hunting trap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How does war affect states' tolerance toward foreign culture? It is well documented by historians that democratic countries, despite their heralded values of liberty and diversity, acquiesce and even promote the practice of cultural intolerance in wartime. The available evidence, however, remains either anecdotal or limited to a specific context, and the extent to which war-induced cultural intolerance persists has so far rarely been examined. In order to investigate the short- and long-term effects of war on the degree of foreign cultural acceptance, this article focuses on patterns of classical music performances before, during, and after the two World Wars, based on a novel dataset assembled from concert program notes of ten renowned symphony orchestras from five countries (Austria, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States) between 1900 and 1960, covering 29,135 concerts and 125,530 pieces. Quantitative analysis suggests that the rate of performing pieces originating from belligerent countries in wartime declines markedly for music written in relatively modern times and that the defeat in wars led to a swift recovery of the exclusionary tendency against former enemy music. These findings demonstrate that states' security concerns and relative power, rather than political regime types, dictate international transaction patterns, including cultural flows across sovereign state borders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acidification, as an effective measure to remove blockages and restore oil well productivity, has received widespread concern. However, conventional acid systems can only be used to unblock near‐wellbore zones and are difficult to act on far‐wellbore reservoirs. In this article, scanning electron microscope, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscope, and X‐ray diffractometer were used to analyze the blockages in the Bai 823 well area, and it was determined that their main components were CaCO3 and FeCO3, which provided the basis for the construction of the unblocking formula. Then, the acid dissolution experiments on the plugging materials showed that the dissolution rate of 10% HCl can reach more than 85% for the scale sample; the acid dissolution experiments on the rock sample showed that the autogenous mud acid has better dissolution performance and better retardation performance for the rock sample, and the effective action time is longer, so it can be used for deeper unplugging of the reservoir. Finally, the process parameters such as the optimal acid concentration, acid dosage, and discharge volume were optimized by establishing the fracture‐matrix acid flow reaction model. Research results indicate that the autogenous mud acid can act on the blockage in the far‐wellbore area to improve the acidification effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The timing for the evolution of the capacity to inscribe the landscape with rock art has global relevance. While this was an in-built capacity when Homo sapiens first colonized the Americas, the heterogeneous distribution of rock art shows that it was a facultative behavior arising under unknown socioecological conditions. Patagonia was the last region to be explored by humans. While its rock art is globally important, it remains largely undated by absolute methods. We report the earliest set of directly radiocarbon-dated rock art motifs from the archaeological site Cueva Huenul 1 (northwestern Patagonia, Argentina), starting at 8.2 thousand years before the present (ka B.P.), predating previous records by several millennia, and encompassing over 3 ka (~130 human generations). This mid-Holocene "rock art emergence" phase overlaps with extremely arid conditions and a human demographic stasis. We suggest that this diachronic rock art emerged as part of a resilient response to ecological stress by highly mobile and low-density populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars were experienced by the ears as much as the eyes, yet the auditory dimensions of these conflicts have received limited attention from historians. This article interrogates the reach and reception of military music in wartime Britain and Ireland by drawing on a wealth of evidence from memoirs, diaries, press reports and regimental archives. It demonstrates that military bands provided sought-after entertainment at myriad public events and staged open-air concerts for socially diverse audiences. The article interprets martial music-making as an important civil-military interface and a potent form of cultural propaganda: a means of inculcating patriotism and asserting the sonic supremacy of the established order in a revolutionary age. But it also reveals that military music provoked irritation, controversy and distress, not least by generating noise complaints and exacerbating sectarianism in Ireland. The article concludes by considering the role of British regimental music-making in overseas colonies and foreign theatres of operations, arguing that it functioned as a form of soft power that underpinned imperial authority, aided diplomacy and eased relations with local inhabitants. An intrusive symptom of large-scale military mobilization, martial music shaped civilian attitudes and soundscapes while profoundly influencing broader musical culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zircon from four plutons of peralkaline granites and quartz-bearing syenites, differing in geotectonic positions, petrological and mineralogical compositions, and contents of volatile and trace elements, was studied using SEM, CL, and EPMA with the intention to define typical textural and chemical features of zircon from peralkaline rocks. In strongly peralkaline Na-pyroxene-bearing rocks represented by the Khan Bogd and Khalzan Buregte plutons (Mongolia), the primary zircon is scarce or missing. Most zircon grains are secondary, originating in hydrothermal stage from primary Zr silicates. They often form globular or radial aggregates. Chemical compositions of zircon in these rocks typically show high contents of Y, moderate contents of REE (thus high Y/Yb values) together with low contents of U and Th and low analytical totals. In mildly peralkaline mica-bearing rocks represented by Ivigtut stock (Groenland) and Madeira pluton (Brazil), the exclusive primary Zr mineral is zircon, mostly of orthomagmatic origin. Its analytical totals approach 100 wt%, enrichment in HREE, resulting in low Y/Yb values, is typical. Zircon populations from two types of peralkaline granitoids can be distinguished from each other and from zircon from S-type granites based on combination of the Zr/Hf, Y/Yb, and U/Th values, or on the Y-Hf-P ternary diagram. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent advancements in quantitatively estimating the thickness of Earth's crust in the geologic past provide an opportunity to test hypotheses explaining the tectonic evolution of southern Tibet. Outstanding debate on southern Tibet's Cenozoic geological evolution is complicated by poorly understood Mesozoic tectonics. We present new U‐Pb geochronology and trace element chemistry of detrital zircon from modern rivers draining the Gangdese Mountains in southern Tibet. Results are similar to recently published quantitative estimates of crustal thickness derived from intermediate‐composition whole rock records and show ~30 km of crustal thinning from 90 to 70 Ma followed by thickening to near‐modern values from 70 to 40 Ma. These results extend evidence of Late Cretaceous north–south extension along strike to the west by ~200 km, and support a tectonic model in which an east–west striking back‐arc basin formed along Eurasia's southern margin during slab rollback, prior to terminal collision of India with Eurasia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding joints is becoming increasingly important in South Korea owing to the development of plans for high-level waste disposal. This study examined drill cores to assess the morphology of joints in five areas with different rock types. The depths and dip angles of 14,169 joints were measured, and the joints were then classified based on their dip angles. Joint spacings within each set were statistically analyzed and fitted to five statistical distribution models: double Weibull, exponential, generalized log-logistic, gamma, and lognormal. Results for each given type of rock showed similar dip angles but varying depths. The observed joint spacings were most accurately fitted using the lognormal distribution. The results of this study will provide insights into the distributions of joints in South Korea and can be used in numerical modeling and stability assessments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, leading music artists have been performing significantly fewer shows, in part due to growing concerns for their wellbeing, but also because of rising energy cost, environmental issues, and industry consolidation. As a result, many cities now host much fewer top ‘headliners’ artists and bands than before. This study investigates what being effectively ‘left off’ tours means for cities. Proceeding from industry data, it first quantifies the decline in the number of stops for large tours between 2010 and 2019, and shows that many North American cities increasingly find themselves on the outside looking in. It then provides insights drawn from interviews with city officials on both the negative and positive impacts of this trend. Namely, this study suggests that hosting fewer shows results in economic, cultural and reputational losses, yet also enable cities to grow a stronger local scene, design better policies, and develop distinctive new offerings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the life and artistic endeavors of pianist Victoria Boshko (1887–1977), whose contributions to the music world have been overlooked despite her significant impact during the 1920s. It aims to shed light on Boshko's life, upbringing, education, and career trajectory, emphasizing her journey from humble beginnings to becoming a prominent figure on the U.S. concert stage.

High‐voltage electric pulse drilling technology has the advantages of high rock‐breaking efficiency, low energy consumption for rock breaking, and good quality of well wall, which is a new and efficient potential rock‐breaking method. In this paper, we constructed a numerical simulation model of rock electric breakdown and realized the whole process of rock breaking and plasma channel generation by high‐voltage electric pulse. The results of the study showed that the change of magnetic field has a large influence on the formation of plasma channels inside the rock, and under the self‐magnetic field environment, the plasma channels inside the rock show branching, and the maximum penetration depth and maximum damage depth are higher than those under the non‐magnetic field environment. In the external magnetic field environment, the plasma channels gradually tend to develop "downward" (inside the rock), and the temperature distribution of the plasma channels inside the rock is more concentrated. In the presence of a magnetic field, the speed and degree of freedom of charged particles are limited. In an external magnetic field environment, the charged particles cause fewer particles to deviate, and the particles show a "downward" accumulation phenomenon. The research in this paper can provide certain theoretical and technical guidance for the development of electric pulse rock‐breaking technology and provide reference for the development and parameter optimization of electric pulse rock‐breaking tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on recent activities and future plans in the Western Division of the Organization of American Kodály Educators (OAKE). Topics include the successful levels program in Arizona with roughly 20 students in total for Levels 1 and 2, a well-attended fall workshop featuring Carrie Nicholas from the "Music Teacher Coffee Talk" podcast, and the implementation of hybrid options for workshops to accommodate both local and remote attendees.

The article offers information on the author's journey to connect music literacy to choral repertoire in her teaching. Topics include strategies for integrating music literacy into choir rehearsals, such as simplifying and controlling what singers see, working from the known to the unknown, and focusing on depth instead of breadth.

The article offers information on re-imagining song lists in the Kodály-inspired music room, focusing on diversifying repertoire in a sustainable and inclusive way. Topics include the challenges of problematic song histories, tools from Kodály training for addressing these challenges, and stages in the journey of diversifying repertoire, such as assessing curriculum, setting aside problematic songs, and learning from culture bearers.

The article offers information on the preparation and practice of rhythmic and melodic elements in Kodály-inspired instruction. Topics include the theoretical connections between educational theory and pedagogical practice, the importance of developmentally appropriate repertoire in a spiral curriculum, and the instructional sequence for conceptual learning in Kodály-inspired teaching.

The article offers information on the 50th Anniversary of OAKE conference, focusing on reflective classroom practices and dynamic developments in music education. Topics include session topics, keynote speakers, such as Joan Litman, mini-conference presentations by Susanna Saw, the Participant Choir rehearsal and performance, opportunities to sing with Coty Raven Morris, National Choir concerts featuring renowned conductors, and a session on the Kodály-inspired classroom with Jo Kirk.

As the depth of mineral exploration increases, integrated geophysical methods are increasingly playing a crucial role in prospecting deep structures at the district scale. The Nanling-Xuancheng ore district is the eighth ore district in the middle-lower Yangtze metallogenic belt in China. To reveal the deep structure of the mining district, this study mainly focuses on regional high-precision gravity and magnetic data and integrates the interpretation of magnetotelluric and reflection seismic data from a key area. By using a 2.5D joint inversion method with prior information constraints, new insights into the deep structures, tectonic deformation, and magmatic activity are obtained. Structurally, the Nanling-Xuancheng ore district presents a structural pattern of "two uplifts and two depressions" composed of multi-level thrust-overturned and folds formed by Mesozoic depressions, which has a three-layer structure in the vertical direction (shallower than 10 km). Tectonically, the main faults in the study area trend NW, which intersect with NE-trending and EW-trending faults to form a branching structure from deep to shallow. The fault intersections provide pathways for magma intrusion. The distribution of deep-seated concealed magmatic rocks shows the characteristic pattern of "a primary magma source spawning multiple subsidiary intrusion". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In rock masses, there might be structural nonstationarity in the joint morphology that influences the shear behavior of rock joints. However, research into this effect is seldom reported. In this study, shear tests on artificial rock joints that contained stationary morphology and different nonstationary features were conducted. The experimental results showed that nonstationarity has a significant effect on the shear properties of rock joints. Under the action of lower normal stress levels, the peak shear strength of joints increased with the increase in the nonstationary angle, and it was easy for the slip behavior along the nonstationary trend to occur. Under higher normal stress levels, the damage to big areas in the upper and lower joint blocks, especially on the left and right ends of the joint surfaces, readily appeared. In this case, the nonstationary characteristics tended to be the main factor that controlled the damage to joints. The analysis revealed that after subtracting the nonstationary angle, the peak friction angles of the joints with nonstationarity were close to the peak friction angles of the joints with stationary morphology and provided the same normal stress. Therefore, the nonstationary angle and stationary joint morphology were separately but fully considered to describe the peak dilatancy angle. Using the proposed model for the peak dilatancy angle, a new criterion for the peak shear strength of joints that contained nonstationary features was established. Comparisons of the new criterion with the published criteria when estimating the peak shear strength of rough rock joints showed that the new criterion has a good prediction accuracy for rock joints with nonstationarity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To study the stress distribution characteristics of the surrounding rock of the gob-side coal–rock roadway in a gently inclined coal seam under the influence of excavation and mining disturbance, a physically similar simulation experiment was carried out. With an infrared thermal imager and professional infrared thermal analysis software (SmartView 4.3), the 2D and 3D temperature fields of the detection object were obtained, the numerical simulations were conducted, and the stress state of the surrounding rock was indirectly analyzed. The results indicated that during the excavation disturbance stage, the stress mainly occurred at the coal pillar side. When the coal pillar widths gradually decreased from 10 to 3 m, the stress monitoring value of the surrounding rock showed that the change process was "rising, decreasing, then rising again," and the increase of the stress level of the surrounding rock was the greatest when the width was 8 m. With the increase of mining disturbance intensity, the coal pillar yielded instability gradually, and the stress concentration area of the surrounding rock gradually shifted from the initial coal pillar side to the lower solid coal side. Under the influence of excavation and mining disturbance, the range of relatively high or low temperatures of the surrounding rock was basically consistent with the large and small area distribution of the stress monitoring value during the surrounding rock stress concentration and transfer. This showed that the method of indirect analysis of the surrounding rock stress state based on infrared temperature detection was highly feasible. The numerical simulation results showed that under the influence of excavation and mining disturbance, the stress distribution of the surrounding rock was basically consistent with the infrared temperature field detection results during the surrounding rock stress concentration and transfer. Our research conclusions provide a scientific basis and theoretical guidance for the deformation mechanism and control technology of the surrounding rock of gob-side coal–rock roadways in a gently inclined coal seam. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CLASSICAL MUSIC IS CHARACTERIZED BY ITS standardized practices and established patterns of audience behavior. Recent advancements in digital musical instrument (DMI) and mobile technology may potentially offer a means by which the art form can further evolve. This paper presents a study that aims to examine the audience's perception of classical music concerts performed by ensembles using DMI mobile apps and tablets. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including a questionnaire survey administered to audiences (N = 141) attending a classical music concert featuring repertoire performed by DMI mobile apps ensembles, as well as semi-structured interviews conducted with a subset of participants (n = 13). The survey results revealed significant, strong, and positive correlations between participants' enjoyment of listening to classical music, frequency of attending classical music concerts, expectancy, and authenticity. The interviews addressed relevant issues, such as differences in ensemble and instrumental practices, timbral quality, and the capabilities of DMI mobile apps. While there were negative perceptions regarding expressive body movements, emotional expression, and interaction among performers, positive feedback regarding the use of DMI mobile apps affirmed the potential to introduce innovative pedagogical approaches in school music education, cultivate a younger audience base, and bring fresh ideas to this genre. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the strength characteristics, deformation characteristics and damage characteristics of three kinds of specimens, namely, surrounding rock, cemented paste backfill (CPB) and a surrounding rock-CPB combination, were studied by uniaxial compression testing using rice husk ash and slag as cementing materials, and the mechanical properties of the combination specimens with different height ratios were also analyzed. The results showed that the surrounding rock specimens were the strongest, followed by the composite body, and the CPB was the weakest. The relationship between different height ratios of the assemblage and the cut line modulus was found according to the fitted curves. The CPB specimens and the surrounding rock specimens showed ductile damage, while the assemblage specimens showed brittle damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study of 132 audience members of three classical public concerts (all three staged the same chamber music pieces by Ludwig van Beethoven, Brett Dean, and Johannes Brahms) had the goal of analyzing the physiological and motor responses of audiences. It was assumed that the music would induce synchronous physiology and movement in listeners (induction synchrony). In addition to hypothesizing that such synchronies would be present, we expected that they were linked to participants' aesthetic experiences, their affect and personality traits, which were assessed by questionnaires before and after the concerts. Clear evidence was found of physiological synchrony (heart rate, respiration rate, skin conductance response) as well as movement synchrony of the audiences, whereas breathing behavior was not synchronized. Thus the audiences of the three concerts resonated with the music, their music perception was embodied. There were links between the bodily synchrony and aesthetic experiences: synchrony, especially heart-rate synchrony, was higher when listeners felt moved emotionally and inspired by a piece, and were immersed in the music. Personality traits were also associated with the individual contributions to induction synchrony. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]