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Pseudanthias timanoa Victor, Teitelbaum, & Randall, 2020 Reassigned to the new genus Pyronotoanthias by Gill, 2022.

Pseudanthias albofasciatus (Fowler & Bean, 1930) A junior synonym of Tosana niwae Smith & Pope, 1906. See account for that species from Anderson, 2018 (below)., Published as part of Anderson, William D., 2022, Additions and emendations to the annotated checklist of anthiadine fishes (Percoidei: Serranidae), pp. 567-578 in Zootaxa 5195 (6) on page 572, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5195.6.5, http://zenodo.org/record/7223954, {"references":["Fowler, H. W. & Bean, B. A. (1930) Contributions to the biology of the Philippine Archipelago and adjacent regions. The fishes of the families Amiidae, Chandidae, Duleidae, and Serranidae, obtained by the United States Bureau of Fisheries steamer \" Albatross \" in 1907 to 1910, chiefly in the Philippine Islands and adjacent seas. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, No. 100 (10), i - ix + 1 - 334.","Smith, H. M. & Pope, T. E. B. (1906) List of fishes collected in Japan in 1903, with descriptions of new genera and species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 31 (1489), 459 - 499. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.31 - 1489.459","Anderson, W. D. Jr. (2018) Annotated checklist of anthiadine fishes (Percoidei: Serranidae). Zootaxa, 4475 (1), 1 - 62. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4475.1.1"]}

Pseudanthias xanthomaculatus (Fourmanoir & Rivaton, 1979) Reassigned to the genus Odontanthias; see Odontanthias xanthomaculatus (above), Published as part of Anderson, William D., 2022, Additions and emendations to the annotated checklist of anthiadine fishes (Percoidei: Serranidae), pp. 567-578 in Zootaxa 5195 (6) on page 573, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5195.6.5, http://zenodo.org/record/7223954, {"references":["Fourmanoir, P. & Rivaton, J. (1979) Poissons de la pente recifale externe de Nouvelle-Caledonie et des Nouvelles-Hebrides. Cahiers de l'Indo-Pacifique, 1 (4), 405 - 443."]}

Pseudanthias Bleeker, 1871 Type species Anthias pleurotaenia Bleeker, 1857, by subsequent designation of Bleeker, 1872. Anderson (2018) gave 66 as the number of species in the genus. Recent studies show the number to be 50. This new number is based on eight species, previously assigned to Pseudanthias, being removed by Gill (2022) and reconsidered as members of the genera Mirolabrichthys Herre (three species— evansi, pascalus, tuka) and Nemanthias Smith (five species— bartlettorum, bicolor, dispar, ignitus, regalis), the synonymyzing of two species (albofasciatus; vizagensis), the reassigning of one species (xanthomaculatus) to Odontanthias, the reclassification of eight others (aurulentus, bimarginatus, flavoguttatus, lori, parvirostris, privitera, smithvanizi, unimarginatus) to Gill’s new genus Pyronotanthias, and the addition of three species of Pseudanthias described since the publication of Anderson, 2018., Published as part of Anderson, William D., 2022, Additions and emendations to the annotated checklist of anthiadine fishes (Percoidei: Serranidae), pp. 567-578 in Zootaxa 5195 (6) on page 572, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5195.6.5, http://zenodo.org/record/7223954, {"references":["Bleeker, P. (1871 - 76) Atlas ichthyologique des Indes Orientales Neerlandaises, publie sous les auspices du Gouvernement colonial neerlandais, Tome VII, Percoides I, Priacanthiformes, Serraniformes, Grammisteiformes, Percaeformes, Datniaeformes, 7, pp. 1 - 126, pls. 279 - 320. [text published 1875 - 1876, plates published 1871 - 1875]","Bleeker, P. (1857) Achtste bijdrage tot de kennis der vischfauna van Amboina. Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo- Neerlandicae, 2 (Art. 7), 1 - 102","Bleeker, P. (1872) Revision des especes indo-archipelagiques du groupe des Anthianini. Nederlandsch Tijdschrift voor de Dierkunde, 4, 155 - 169.","Anderson, W. D. Jr. (2018) Annotated checklist of anthiadine fishes (Percoidei: Serranidae). Zootaxa, 4475 (1), 1 - 62. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4475.1.1","Gill, A. C. (2022) Revised definitions of the anthiadine fish genera Mirolabrichthys Herre and Nemanthias Smith, with description of a new genus (Teleostei: Serranidae). Zootaxa, 5092 (1), 41 - 66. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5092.1.2"]}

Pseudanthias emma Gill & Psomadakis, 2018 Holotype: SAIAB 203722, 107 mm SL. Type locality: off Tanintharyi coast, Myanmar, Andaman Sea, Indian Ocean; 11°39.96′ N, 97°16.16′ E, depth 105 meters. Illustration: Gill & Psomadakis, 2018, fig. 1. Counts: D: X, 16. A: III, 7. P: 18. C: 17 (9 + 8). V: 26 (10+ 16). S: 3. GR: 33 (11 + 22). LL: 42. CP: 26. Distribution: known only from the type locality, off Myanmar. Pseudanthias hangapiko Shepherd, Pinheiro, Phelps, P é rez-Matus, & Rocha, 2021 Holotype: CAS 247252, 45.2 mm SL, male. Type locality: Hanga Piko, Rapa Nui (Easter Island), Chile (27°9′12″ S, 109°26′52″ W), depth 83 meters. Illustrations: Shepherd, Pinheiro, Phelps, Pérez-Matus, & Rocha, 2021, figs. 1–3. Counts: D: X, 17. A: III, 8. P: 16 or 17. C: 17 (9 + 8). V: 26 (10+ 16). S: 2. GR: 33 or 34 (11 + 22 or 23). LL: 40 to 43. CP: 16 or 17. Distribution: known only from the type locality, off Hanga Piko, Rapa Nui (Easter Island)., Published as part of Anderson, William D., 2022, Additions and emendations to the annotated checklist of anthiadine fishes (Percoidei: Serranidae), pp. 567-578 in Zootaxa 5195 (6) on page 573, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5195.6.5, http://zenodo.org/record/7223954, {"references":["Gill, A. C. & Psomadakis, P. N. (2018) Pseudanthias emma new species, with notes on a collection of anthiadine serranid fishes from off Myanmar (eastern Indian Ocean). Zootaxa, 4455 (3), 525 - 536. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4455.3.8"]}

Pseudanthias pillai Heemstra & Akhilesh, 2012 Pseudanthias vizagensis Krishna, Rao, & Venu, 2017 Holotype: SAIAB 86517, 119 mm SL, male. Type locality: off Chavakkadu, Kerala, India (10°30′ N, 75°24′ E), depth 150 to 200 meters. Illustration: Heemstra & Akhilesh, 2012:153, fig. 40. Counts: D: X, 16. A: III, 7. P: 19. C: 15. V: 26 (10 + 16). S: 3. GR: 29 (11 + 28). LL: 36 to 38. CP: 20 to 22. Distribution: Indian Ocean off southwestern coast of India.

Pseudanthias vizagensis Krishna, Rao, & Venu, 2017 A junior synonym of Pseudanthias pillai Heemstra & Akhilesh, 2012. See account for that species from Anderson, 2018 (above). Syntypes: 44, 93–97 mm SL. Type locality: off Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India, depth 180 meters. Illustrations: Krishna, Rao, & Venu, 2017:215, figs. 1 & 2. Counts: D: X, 16 or 17. A: III, 7. P: 17. C: 15. V: 26 (10 + 16). GR: 39 or 40 (11 + 28 or 29). LL: 44 or 45. Distribution: Indian Ocean: Bay of Bengal: east coast of India., Published as part of Anderson, William D., 2022, Additions and emendations to the annotated checklist of anthiadine fishes (Percoidei: Serranidae), pp. 567-578 in Zootaxa 5195 (6) on page 573, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5195.6.5, http://zenodo.org/record/7223954, {"references":["Heemstra, P. C. & Akhilesh, K. V. (2012) A review of the anthiine fish genus Pseudanthias (Perciformes: Serranidae) of the western Indian Ocean, with description of a new species and a key to the species. aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology, 18 (3), 121 - 164.","Anderson, W. D. Jr. (2018) Annotated checklist of anthiadine fishes (Percoidei: Serranidae). Zootaxa, 4475 (1), 1 - 62. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4475.1.1"]}

Pseudanthias paralourgus Gill, Pogonoski, Johnson, & Tea, 2021 Holotype: QM I.38668, 134.0 mm SL, male. Type locality: Australia, Queensland, off Cape Moreton (27°03′ S, 153°33′ E), depth 110 to 114 meters. Illustration: Gill, Pogonoski, Johnson, & Tea, 2021, fig. 2. Counts: D: X, 16. A: III, 7. P: 18 to 20. C: 17 (9 + 8). V: 26 (10+ 16). S: 3. GR: 36 to 39 (10–12 + 26 or 27). LL: 40 to 44. CP: 26 to 28. Distribution: South Pacific, off southeast Queensland, Australia., Published as part of Anderson, William D., 2022, Additions and emendations to the annotated checklist of anthiadine fishes (Percoidei: Serranidae), pp. 567-578 in Zootaxa 5195 (6) on page 573, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5195.6.5, http://zenodo.org/record/7223954

Three new species of anthiadine species are described from specimens trawled from Australian waters. Pseudanthias paralourgus n. sp. is described from five specimens collected off southeastern Queensland. It resembles P. elongatus (Franz, 1910) from Japan to the South China Sea, but differs in male live coloration. The remaining two species are assigned to the genus Tosana Smith & Pope, 1906, which is newly diagnosed to include the two new species and the type species from southern Japan to the South China Sea, T. niwae Smith & Pope, 1906. The two new species, T. dampieriensis n. sp. described from three specimens from off Western Australia and T. longipinnis n. sp. described from 42 specimens from off eastern Australia, differ from each other and from T. niwae in various meristic and morphometric details. Pseudanthias paralourgus co-occurs with T. longipinnis. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial COI yielded a tree with the three Tosana species forming the sister group of a clade consisting of P. paralourgus n. sp., P. elongatus and the type species of Pseudanthias Bleeker, 1871, P. pleurotaenia (Bleeker, 1857). Our preliminary phylogenetic analyses suggest that Pseudanthias comprises a polyphyletic assemblage of species that also includes Nemanthias Smith, 1954, Luzonichthys Herre, 1936, Tosanoides Kamohara, 1953, Odontanthias Bleeker, 1873, and Serranocirrhitus Watanabe, 1949, thus highlighting the need for a revised generic classification of species currently assigned to Pseudanthias.

Pseudanthias hangapikosp. nov. (Teleostei, Serranidae, Anthiadinae) is herein described from three specimens collected from a depth of 83 m in a mesophotic coral ecosystem off Hanga Piko, Rapa Nui (Easter Island), Chile. Pseudanthias hangapikosp. nov. can be distinguished from its congeners in live coloration and by the following combination of characters: dorsal-fin rays X, 17; anal-fin rays III, 8; pectoral-fin rays 16 (left side of one specimen 17); vertebrae 10+16; scales relatively large, two scales above lateral-line to base of fifth dorsal spine, and 16–17 circumpeduncular scales; gill rakers 11+23; and a slender body, with greatest body depth 3.6 (3.4–3.8) in SL. The most similar DNA barcodes (mitochondrial COI gene) are from Pseudanthias ventralis Randall, 1979 and Pseudanthias hawaiiensis Randall, 1979, with 16.8% and 17.0% uncorrected divergence, respectively. This fish is one of four new species that were documented from a pair of technical dives at a single location in Rapa Nui, emphasizing the high number of undescribed species likely still unknown in mesophotic coral ecosystems, especially in geographically remote locations. Pseudanthias hangapikosp. nov. adds to the Rapa Nui ichthyofauna, which hosts the second-highest level of endemism in both shallow and deep-water fishes.

Pseudanthias pillai Heemstra & Akhilesh, 2012 English Name: Pillai���s anthias Figures 2���11, Table 1 Pseudanthias pillai Heemstra & Akhilesh 2012: 152, figs. 39 & 40 (type locality: off Chavakkadu, Kerala, India); Psomadakis et al. 2019: 397, pl. XXVIII, fig. 215 (Myanmar coast). Pseudanthias sp. Murugan & Namboothri 2012: 107, fig. 2. (Gulf of Mannar, India) Pseudanthias vizagensis Krishna, Rao & Venu 2017: 215, fig. 1 & 2. (type locality: Visakhapatnam, India) Holotype. SAIAB 86517, male, 119 mm SL, off Chavakkadu, Kerala, India depth 150���200 m, Trawl. Paratype. SAIAB 97562, female, 100 mm SL, trawled off Kochi, Kerala, India. Examined material: Pseudanthias pillai. Arabian Sea: CMFRI- GB 31.1.139.44.36.1, 84 mm SL; BNHS MF 91, 94.5 mm SL; CMFRI- GB 31.1.139.44.36.2, 103.6 mm SL; BNHS MF 92, 102.6 mm SL; BNHS MF 93, 93.5 mm SL; all trawled at 120-130 m depth off Kollam, India, south-eastern Arabian Sea, collected at Neendakara harbour, 09 May 2018. Bay of Bengal: CMFRI- GB 31.1.139.44.36.3, 113.2 mm SL; CMFRI- GB 31.1.139.44.36.4, 118.8 mm SL; CMFRI - GB 31.1.139.44.36.5, 112.7 mm SL; BNHS MF 90, 99.6 mm SL; all trawled at 100 m depth off Chennai, India, Bay of Bengal, collected at Chennai fisheries harbour, 30 December 2019. Andaman Sea: SAIAB 208471, 94.8 mm SL, off Ayeyarwady Delta, Myanmar, Andaman Sea, R/V Dr. Fridtjof Nansen, stn.51, trawl, 125 m depth, 03 September 2018. Pseudanthias vizagensis: (only syntypes designated) 89���91 mm TL, 44 specimens, no registration numbers (not deposited in MLR, Andhra University, Andhra Pradesh, India as stated by authors), trawled off Visakhapatnam, depth 180 m, Bay of Bengal, Indian Ocean, February 2013 (details from Krishna et al. 2017). Diagnosis. The following combination of characters distinguishes Pseudanthias pillai from congeners: dorsalfin rays continuous X, 16���17; third dorsal-fin spine longest; lateral-line scales 36���38; no auxiliary scales on body; no papillae on rear edge of orbit; basal part of dorsal and anal-fins with low scaly sheath; pectoral-fin rays 18���19; posterior margin of pectoral-fin rounded, reaching vertical at base of third anal-fin spine; scale rows above lateralline to fifth dorsal-fin spine 2���2��; circumpeduncular scales 19���22; total gill-rakers 36���39; interopercle and subopercle serrated; interorbital and pre���dorsal scales small; females reddish orange to reddish-pink in colour, scales on dorsum usually with a dark green/ brown spot; caudal-fin mostly yellowish (sometimes with pinkish blotches/ specks medially); narrow purple streak below eye, originating from the anterior margin of maxilla and extending to the pectoral-fin base; males reddish pink above lateral-line with yellow and purple horizontal stripes below lateralline; inverted heart-shaped pink spot on the interorbital region; caudal-fin bright pink with narrow yellow band on posterior margin. Description. Detailed measurements are presented in Table 1. Dorsal-fin rays X, 16���17; third dorsal-fin spine longest, slightly longer than fourth, its length0.8���1.0 in 4 th spine length and 2.1���2.8 in HL; fleshy cirrus sometimes present at tips of first five dorsal-fin spines in males; anal-fin rays III, 7; pectoral-fin rays 18���19; pectoral-fin posterior margin rounded, reaching vertical at anal-fin origin to 3 rd anal-fin spine; pelvic-fin pointed or filamentous, reaching base of third anal-fin spine in large males, shorter in females and intersex; lateral-line scales 36���38; scale rows above lateral-line to origin of dorsal-fin 5; scales above lateral-line to fifth dorsal-fin spine 2���2��; gill-rakers on first gill arch 10���11+28���29=38���39. Body slender and laterally compressed, body depth at dorsal-fin origin 2.6���2.9 in SL; body width at gill opening 2.1���2.5 in HL; body width at anal-fin origin 2.7���3.4 in HL and 0.6���0.8 in orbit length; snout shorter than or subequal to orbit diameter (mostly shorter), snout length 4.8���5.7 in HL; orbit diameter 3.5���4.5 in HL; interorbital area convex in females, intersex and small males, and slightly concave in large males; interorbital width sub-equal to or slightly shorter than orbit diameter, its width 3.9���4.6 in HL. ...Continued on the next page Head length 2.5���2.7 in SL; body, head, snout, maxilla, suborbital and interorbital scaly (those in the interorbital region small and closely arranged); dorsal profile of head slightly convex; opercle with 3 flattened spines, middle spine acute, upper spine hidden by scales; preopercle vertical edge with fine serrae, slightly larger serrae at angle, 0���3 minute serrae on lower edge; sub and interopercles smooth. Mouth slightly oblique; tip of lower jaw protrudes slightly beyond tip of upper jaw; maxilla reaching vertical at posterior margin of orbit; lower jaw with band of minute conical teeth; premaxilla with 1���2 pairs of large posteriorly curved teeth anteriorly; posterior edge of maxilla truncate with rounded corners; vomer and palatines with triangular patch of teeth. Dorsal-fin long, spinous dorsal-fin almost naked; basal region of dorsal and anal-fin rays with low and thin scaly membrane sheath (few scales); pre-dorsal length 2.9���3.0 in SL; dorsal-fin base length 1.6���1.7 in SL; dorsalfin origin slightly anterior to pectoral-fin origin; pre-pelvic length 2.4���2.8 in SL; pelvic-fin spine length 2.1���2.7 in HL; pre-anal length 1.5���1.6 in SL; anal-fin insertion anterior to dorsal-fin insertion; first anal-fin spine short, 4.8���5.3 in HL; second anal-fin spine 2.1���2.6 in HL; anal-fin base length 6.1���6.8 in SL; caudal peduncle slender, caudal peduncle depth 2.7���3.1 in HL and 7.0���8.0 in SL; caudal peduncle length 1.6���2.0 in HL and 3.2-4.1 in SL; shape of caudal-fin varies depending on size and life stage, with posterior margin truncate, deeply emarginate, or convex, sometimes with filamentous extensions. Maximum reported size 151.5 mm TL, 119 mm SL. Colouration (when freshly collected at port) Females. Body reddish-orange dorsally becoming reddish-pink ventrally; stomach light pink to whitish; scales on the dorsal half of body usually with dark brownish or olive green spot formed by a cluster of minute melanophores; purple stripe along centre of the posterior half of body and caudal peduncle or several inconspicuous thin purple stripes (Fig. 2); head varies from yellowish (Fig. 2B) to reddish (Fig. 2A); purple stripe on the cheek, originating at ventral margin of eye and running posteriorly to pectoral-fin base; interorbital and pre-dorsal region reddish-pink; eye yellow with black pupil, narrow inconspicuous purple dorsal margin and pinkish ventral margin; spiny dorsal-fin and anterior dorsal-fin soft rays reddish-orange, intermembrane occasionally with olive green or yellowish patches, posterior dorsal-fin soft rays orange with a yellowish tinge; pectoral and pelvic fins pink; basal half of anal fin pinkish, with yellow distal half; caudal-fin yellow, sometimes with small light pinkish spots medially (Figs. 2, 8���11). After preservation pale in color and scales above pectorals with melanophores (Fig. 4). Males. Colours more vivid and beautiful than that of females. Body reddish pink above lateral-line, with yellow and purple horizontal wavy stripes below lateral-line (sometimes broken or scattered); broad yellow saddle originating between head and dorsal-fin origin, extending ventrally behind head to posterior of pectoral-fin base; scales on the dorsal half of body usually with dark brown spot (mostly above lateral-line); stomach whitish to light orange; head with two yellow bands on ventral half, the first from tip of snout running posteriorly through ventral half of eye to pectoral-fin base; the second originating just above posterior half of maxilla, extending posteriorly to opercle margin and slightly onto body; head bands separated by a purplish to reddish pink streak; anterior half of maxilla and snout reddish pink, except for tip of upper jaw which is yellow; interorbital region with an inverted heart-shaped spot bordered by yellow bands; eye yellow with black pupil; pectoral-fin reddish orange, sometimes suffused with yellow; pectoral-fin base yellow with horizontal pinkish stripe on lower third; dorsal-fin yellow with pinkish red basal half on inter-ray membranes; dorsal-fin last two soft rays light orange to reddish; dorsal-fin spines with red filamentous membranes at tip; pelvic-fins yellowish between spinous and soft rays, sometimes pinkish between soft rays one to three, with soft rays three to five whitish; anal-fin yellowish anteriorly, becoming reddish pink posteriorly (sometimes with yellow on inter-ray membranes giving the appearance of spots); caudal-fin bright pink with narrow yellow or orange band on posterior margin (Figs. 5, 8���11). Distribution. Pseudanthias pillai has been recorded off the west coast of India, from Ratnagiri (Arabian Sea) to the central east coast of India, Visakhapatnam (Bay of Bengal) and Myanmar (Andaman Sea) at depths of 100���200 m (Fig. 6). The type locality of Pseudanthias pillai in the original description by Heemstra & Akhilesh (2012) is incorrect and should read as ���Off Chavakkadu, 10��30���N, 75��24���E, Kerala, India, Arabian Sea, depth 150���200 m ���. Remarks. Morphometric and meristic data provided by Krishna et al. (2017) appear to be inaccurate, and thus incompatible for comparison (see Gill & Psomadakis 2018). Other distinguishing characters used by Krishna et al. (2017) in table 1 were: 1) Two orange with yellowish diamond shaped bands are present interorbital region; 2) caudal-fin colour; 3) pelvic-fin colour; 4) caudal-fin shape. However, these are characteristic of P. pillai, at least at certain sizes and life stages. Fresh colour pattern is very important for identification of Pseudanthias species and the comparison of type images (Fig. 7) shows that P. pillai and P. vizagensis are conspecific (also see table 2 in Gill & Psomadakis 2018). However, Heemstra & Akhilesh (2012) did not mention the yellow bands delimiting an inverted heart-shaped pink spot on the interorbital region in P. pillai. This pattern on the anterior region of the head mentioned as a distinguishing character for P. vizagensis by Krishna et al. (2017), is present in most male/intersex specimens of P. pillai examined; in females/smaller specimens the inverted heart-shaped pink spot is absent or less distinct (Figs. 8���10). The colour pattern of specimens described and depicted by Krishna et al. (2017) are those of large-sized males. As demonstrated in the present study, P. pillai is subject to ontogenetic variation with juveniles, females, and intersex having different body colouration and caudal-fin shape with respect to large males (Figs. 2���4, 5, 8���11). The similarities in the male and female colour patterns in some material may indicate that the female has begun to change sex. It is well known that fishes of the genus Pseudanthias are sequential hermaphrodites with females changing their sex to male as they grow, exhibiting ontogenetic variability in colour pattern, sexual dimorphism and morphometry (Katayama 1978; Erisman & Hastings 2011; Heemstra & Akhilesh 2012). In the present study most specimens of 80 mm TL were observed to be female, with those exceeding 100 mm TL representing either male or intersex individuals (Figs. 2���4, 5, 8���11). Contrary to conclusions by Krishna et al. (2017), caudal-fin shape cannot be considered a distinguishing character between species as it varies with sex and size. Male caudal-fin shape of P. pillai varies from lunate to truncate (sometimes with a filamentous upper lobe), or rounded posterior margin with extended upper and lower lobes. Female caudal-fin shape varies from being deeply emarginate or lunate, with or without filamentous extensions on upper and lower lobes (Fig. 11). Species of Pseudanthias often occur in aggregations, with males typically attending large harems of females and immature fish (Anderson et al. 1990; Anderson & Heemstra 2012). The unusual (Fig. 1) catch mentioned by Kishore et al. (2018) might represent an accidental capture of such an aggregation. Pseudanthias pillai closely resembles P. emma, a species described from a single specimen collected off Tanintharyi, Andaman Sea (Myanmar). However, these species can be differentiated based on the description provided by Gill & Psomadakis (2018), with P. pillai having a more slender caudal peduncle (12���14.3 vs. 16.4% SL), larger head (36.7���39.7 vs. 34.3% SL), shorter 3 rd dorsal-fin spine (14.3���18.5 vs. 23.9% SL), and lower number of lower gill rakers (22 vs. 28���29). Furthermore, P. emma differs from P. pillai in colouration by having the sides of the body mostly dominated by orange (vs. orange with bright pink stripes), and the presence of an orange-red blotch on the breast between the bases of pectoral and pelvic-fins (vs. blotch absent). Meristic (pectoral-fin and lateral-line counts) and morphometric (HL, pre-dorsal fin length, greatest body depth) differences between P. vizagensis and P. pillai were reported by Krishna et al. (2017). However, results from the present study further supports the supposition of Gill & Psomadakis (2018) that the claimed differences most probably reflect diverse and or inaccurate counting methodology by Krishna et al. (2017). In the Arabian Sea, P. pillai was trawled along with Nemipterus japonicus (Bloch, 1791), Decapterus russelli (R��ppell, 1830) and Nemipterus randalli Russell, 1986 at 100���120 m depths, with specimens ranging between 85���135 mm TL and 10���45 g in weight (Kishore et al. 2018). In the Andaman Sea, P.pillai was trawled from a depth of 125 m along with Decapterus smithvanizi Kimura, Katahira & Kuriiwa, 2013, Priacanthus hamrur (Fabricius, 1775), Nemipterus sp., Lepidotrigla sp., Pterygotrigla arabica (Boulenger, 1888), Sacura sanguinea Motomura, Yoshida & Vilasri, 2017, Saurida sp. etc. In the Bay of Bengal, P. pillai was trawled from 100 m depth along with Chelidoperca investigatoris (Alcock, 1890), Nemipterus spp., and Parapriacanthus sp., Published as part of Akhilesh, K. V., Kishore, T. G., Muktha, M., Lisher, M. W., Ambarish, Gop P. & Anulekshmi, C., 2020, Pseudanthias vizagensis, a junior synonym of Pseudanthias pillai Heemstra & Akhilesh, 2012 (Perciformes: Serranidae), pp. 135-147 in Zootaxa 4890 (1) on pages 137-145, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4890.1.9, http://zenodo.org/record/4301705, {"references":["Heemstra, P. C. & Akhilesh, K. V. (2012) Review of the anthiine fish genus Pseudanthias (Perciformes: Serranidae) of the western Indian Ocean, with description of a new species and a key to the species. aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology, 18 (3), 121 - 164.","Psomadakis, P. N., Thein, H., Russell, B. C. & Tun, M. T. (2019) Field identification guide to the living marine resources of Myanmar. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. FAO and MOALI, Rome, xvii + 694 pp., 63 colour pls.","Murugan, A. & Namboothri, N. (2012) Finfishes of the Gulf of Mannar-A Field Identification Guide. Dakshin Foundation, Bengaluru, 222 pp.","Krishna, N. M., Rao, G. V. & Venu, D. (2017) Pseudanthias vizagensis sp. nov., a new anthiine fish (Subfamily: Anthiinae), genus Pseudanthias, from India. Journal of Experimental Zoology, India, 20 (1), 213 - 216.","Gill, A. C. & Psomadakis, P. N. (2018) Pseudanthias emma new species, with notes on a collection of anthiadine serranid fishes from off Myanmar (eastern Indian Ocean). Zootaxa, 4455 (3), 525 - 536. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4455.3.8","Katayama, M. (1978) The anthiine fish, Pseudanthias taeniatus, from Hachijo Island and the coast of Izu, Japan. Japanese Journal of Ichthyology, 25 (3), 216 - 218.","Erisman, B. E. & Hastings, P. A. (2011) Evolutionary transitions in the sexual patterns of fishes: insights from a phylogenetic analysis of the seabasses (Teleostei: Serranidae). Copeia, 2011 (3), 357 ‾ 364. https: // doi. org / 10.1643 / CG- 10 - 086","Anderson, W. D. Jr., Parin, N. V. & Randall, J. E. (1990) A new genus and species of anthiine fish (Pisces: Serranidae) from the eastern South Pacific with comments on anthiine relationships. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 103 (4), 922 - 930.","Anderson, W. D. Jr. & Heemstra, P. C. (2012) Review of Atlantic and eastern Pacific anthiine fishes (Teleostei: Perciformes: Serranidae), with descriptions of two new genera. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, 102 (2), 1 - 173.","Kishore, T. G., Ambarish, G. P. & Akhilesh, K. V. (2018) Unusual landings of the anthiine fish, Pseudanthias pillai at Neendakara Fisheries Harbour. Marine Fisheries Information Service; Technical and Extension Series, 236, 32."]}

Pseudanthias vizagensis Krishna, Rao and Venu, 2017 was described from 44 specimens, collected from Visakhapatnam (Andhra Pradesh), on the Bay of Bengal coast of India, but without clear designation of a holotype. The characters used for differentiating the species from its nearest congener Pseudanthias pillai Heemstra & Akhilesh, 2012, a species currently known only from the northern Indian Ocean, were limited, poor and substantially overlapping. Examination of additional material of P. pillai from the Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal, Andaman Sea, and comparison with the original description and images of P. vizagensis revealed that the latter is a junior synonym of P. pillai. Diagnostic characters are reviewed, additional morphological details and fresh colouration, including sexual dimorphic characters not covered in previous works are provided.

Pseudanthias squamipinnis (Peters 1855) ���Sea goldie Taxonomy. Single record from Lebanon as Pseudanthias squamipinnis (Peters 1855) by Bitar (2013: 592). This record is based on two pictures taken underwater in Beirut (June 2000). The species has never been observed or collected in the Mediterranean afterwards. Distribution. Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, South Africa, Persian Gulf, Socotra, Madagascar, Al- dabra and western Mascarenes east to Society Islands, north to southern Japan, south to Western Australia, New Caledonia, Lord Howe Island and Tonga. Conservation. IUCN: Global (LC: 12 March 2015). Capture and threats: Unknown. Occurrence: Very rare. Non-indigenous species, no conservation action needed., Published as part of Bariche, Michel & Fricke, Ronald, 2020, The marine ichthyofauna of Lebanon: an annotated checklist, history, biogeography, and conservation status, pp. 1-157 in Zootaxa 4775 (1) on pages 138-139, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4775.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3983887, {"references":["Bitar, G. (2013) Sur la presence des poissons exotiques nouveaux de la cote libanaise (Mediterranee orientale). Rapport du Congres de la Commission Internationale Pour l'Exploration Scientifique de la Mer Mediterranee, 40, 592."]}

Anthias albofasciatus Fowler & Bean, known only from the holotype collected east of Hong Kong in the South China Sea, has been considered a valid species of either Anthias or Pseudanthias. The holotype is compared with the holotype of Tosana niwae Smith & Pope from Urado Bay, Shikoku, Japan, as well as non-type specimens from the South China Sea and south-eastern Japan, and shown to be conspecific. Anthias albofasciatus is therefore considered a junior subjective synonym of Tosana niwae.

Pseudanthias pleurotaenia (Bleeker 1857) —Squarespot anthias (Fig. 58) Status at New Ireland. New record, based on specimens photographed on 3 June 2013 during ACIAR Aquarium Survey in Kavieng District (see Teitelbaum et al. 2013: 14, as P. pleurataneia). A specimen photographed at Lissenung Island by Dietmar Amon on 2 Sept. 2006; a video of a specimen taken off southern New Hanover at 3– 47 m depth, St. KR 106, in 2014 (identified by Barry C. Russell). Distribution and habitat. New Ireland: 1, 2.—General distribution: Indonesia east to Marshall Islands and Samoa, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to northern Australia and New Caledonia. Found in groups above steep seaward reef slopes, 6–180 m depth. Marine., Published as part of Andréfouët, Serge, Chen, Wei-Jen, Kinch, Jeff, Mana, Ralph, Russell, Barry C., Tully, Dean & White, William T., 2019, Checklist of the marine and estuarine fishes of New Ireland Province, Papua New Guinea, western Pacific Ocean, with 810 new records, pp. 1-360 in Zootaxa 4588 (1) on page 124, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4588.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2988163, {"references":["Teitelbaum, A., Nahacky, A. & Kinch, J. (2013) A commercial survey of aquarium fish species in the Kavieng Lagoon, New Ireland Province, Papua New Guinea. Report, James Cook University, Townsville, 1 - 21."]}

Pseudanthias huchtii (Bleeker 1857) —Threadfin anthias (Fig. 57) Status at New Ireland. New record, based on a specimen photographed at Lissenung Island, Kavieng District at 20 m depth by Dean Tully on 28 June 2013; a video of a specimen taken at Nubilus Island, off eastern New Hanover, 3–25 m depth, St. KR 90, in 2014 (identified by Barry C. Russell). Distribution and habitat. New Ireland: 1, 2.—General distribution: Eastern Indonesia east to Palau and Solomon Islands, north to Philippines, south to Vanuatu. Lives in schools above coral outcrops, 1–20 m depth. Marine., Published as part of Andréfouët, Serge, Chen, Wei-Jen, Kinch, Jeff, Mana, Ralph, Russell, Barry C., Tully, Dean & White, William T., 2019, Checklist of the marine and estuarine fishes of New Ireland Province, Papua New Guinea, western Pacific Ocean, with 810 new records, pp. 1-360 in Zootaxa 4588 (1) on page 124, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4588.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2988163

Pseudanthias dispar (Herre 1955) —Redfin anthias (Fig. 56) Status at New Ireland. New record, based on specimens photographed on 2 June 2013, first dive, during ACIAR Aquarium Survey at Kavieng (see Teitelbaum et al. 2013: 14). Specimens photographed at Lissenung Island by Dietmar Amon on 14 June 2007 and 8 July 2008; a video of a specimen taken at Tungelo Island, off southeastern New Hanover, at 3–46 m depth, St. KR 104, in 2014 (identified by Barry C. Russell). Distribution and habitat. New Ireland: 1, 2.— Christmas Island (eastern Indian Ocean) east to Line Islands and Samoa, north to Yaeyama Islands, south to northern Australia. In large aggregations above the upper edge of steep coral reef slopes, 1–32 m depth. Marine., Published as part of Andréfouët, Serge, Chen, Wei-Jen, Kinch, Jeff, Mana, Ralph, Russell, Barry C., Tully, Dean & White, William T., 2019, Checklist of the marine and estuarine fishes of New Ireland Province, Papua New Guinea, western Pacific Ocean, with 810 new records, pp. 1-360 in Zootaxa 4588 (1) on page 123, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4588.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2988163, {"references":["Teitelbaum, A., Nahacky, A. & Kinch, J. (2013) A commercial survey of aquarium fish species in the Kavieng Lagoon, New Ireland Province, Papua New Guinea. Report, James Cook University, Townsville, 1 - 21."]}

Pseudanthias fasciatus (Kamohara 1955) —Striped anthias Status at New Ireland. New record, based on NTUM 11316 (1 specimen, 75.2 mm SL, St. CP 4490-19, northwest of New Hanover), and NTUM 11289 (1 specimen, 43.5 mm SL, St. DW 4487-4, off northwest coast of New Hanover). Distribution and habitat. New Ireland: 1.—General distribution: Indonesia east to Tonga, north to southern Japan, south to Queensland (Australia). Solitary or in small groups in deep lagoon and seaward reefs, 20–155 m depth. Marine., Published as part of Andréfouët, Serge, Chen, Wei-Jen, Kinch, Jeff, Mana, Ralph, Russell, Barry C., Tully, Dean & White, William T., 2019, Checklist of the marine and estuarine fishes of New Ireland Province, Papua New Guinea, western Pacific Ocean, with 810 new records, pp. 1-360 in Zootaxa 4588 (1) on page 123, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4588.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2988163

Pseudanthias tuka (Herre & Montalban 1927) —Purple anthias Status at New Ireland. New record, based on specimens photographed on 3–5 June 2013 during ACIAR Aquarium Survey in Kavieng District (see Teitelbaum et al. 2013: 14); a video of a specimen taken off Nubilus Island, off southeastern New Hanover, at 3–32 m depth, St. KR 88, in 2014 (identified by Barry C. Russell). Distribution and habitat. New Ireland: 1, 2.—General distribution: Indonesia east to Philippines and Solomon Islands, north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia. Found in groups above seaward reef slopes, 7–120 m depth. Marine., Published as part of Andréfouët, Serge, Chen, Wei-Jen, Kinch, Jeff, Mana, Ralph, Russell, Barry C., Tully, Dean & White, William T., 2019, Checklist of the marine and estuarine fishes of New Ireland Province, Papua New Guinea, western Pacific Ocean, with 810 new records, pp. 1-360 in Zootaxa 4588 (1) on page 126, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4588.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2988163, {"references":["Teitelbaum, A., Nahacky, A. & Kinch, J. (2013) A commercial survey of aquarium fish species in the Kavieng Lagoon, New Ireland Province, Papua New Guinea. Report, James Cook University, Townsville, 1 - 21."]}

Pseudanthias squamipinnis (Peters 1855) —Scalefin anthias Status at New Ireland. New record, based on specimens observed at Nusa Island, Kavieng District, 1–27 m depth, St. T 8, on 1 Nov. 2006, by Gerald R. Allen. Distribution and habitat. New Ireland: 2.—General distribution: Red Sea, East and South Africa, Madagascar, Aldabra and western Mascarenes east to Society Islands, north to southern Japan, south to Western Australia, New Caledonia, Lord Howe Island and Tonga. Found in coastal, lagoon and seaward coral reefs, 1–20 m depth. Marine., Published as part of Andréfouët, Serge, Chen, Wei-Jen, Kinch, Jeff, Mana, Ralph, Russell, Barry C., Tully, Dean & White, William T., 2019, Checklist of the marine and estuarine fishes of New Ireland Province, Papua New Guinea, western Pacific Ocean, with 810 new records, pp. 1-360 in Zootaxa 4588 (1) on page 125, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4588.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2988163

Pseudanthias randalli (Lubbock & Allen 1978) —Randall's anthias Status at New Ireland. New record, based on specimens observed at Bauddisson Island, Kavieng District, 1–50 m depth, St. T 4, on 31 Oct. 2006, by Gerald R. Allen. Distribution and habitat. New Ireland: 2.—General distribution: Indonesia east to Marshall Islands and perhaps Johnston Atoll, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to New Caledonia. Found near steep dropoffs, 15–120 m depth. Marine., Published as part of Andréfouët, Serge, Chen, Wei-Jen, Kinch, Jeff, Mana, Ralph, Russell, Barry C., Tully, Dean & White, William T., 2019, Checklist of the marine and estuarine fishes of New Ireland Province, Papua New Guinea, western Pacific Ocean, with 810 new records, pp. 1-360 in Zootaxa 4588 (1) on page 125, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4588.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2988163

Pseudanthias mica Allen & Erdmann, 2012 Holotype: MZB 20600, 56.1 mm SL, male. Type locality: Suangi, off southwestern Lembata Island, Indonesia (08��34.111' S, 123��13.452' E), depth 52 meters. Illustrations: Allen & Erdmann, 2012:1106 (fig.1), 1107 (fig. 2), 1108 (fig. 3). D: X, 15 to 17. A: III, 7. P: 17 to 19. C: 15. V: 26. GR: 29 to 36 (9 to 11 + 20 to 25). LL: 36 to 38. CP: 23 or 24. Distribution: off Lembata Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia., Published as part of William D. Anderson, Jr., 2018, Annotated checklist of anthiadine fishes (Percoidei: Serranidae), pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4475 (1) on page 43, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4475.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1453283, {"references":["Allen, G. R. & Erdmann, M. V. (2012) Reef fishes of the East Indies. Fols. I - III. Tropical Reef Research, Perth, 855 pp. [Vol. I: pp. i - x + 1 - 424, end note; Vol. II: 425 - 855; Vol. III: preface, map, contents and 857 - 1260; including Appendix 1 (new species descriptions) and Appendix II (addendum)]"]}

Pseudanthias lori (Lubbock & Randall, 1976) Anthias lori Lubbock & Randall, in Fourmanoir & Laboute, 1976 Holotype: MNHN 1976–0001, 52.9 mm SL. Type locality: Point Mackau, Maré Island, Loyalty Islands, depth 50 meters. Illustrations: Allen & Erdmann, 2012:296; Kuiter, 2004:68, figs. A–E. D: X, 16 or 17 (usually 16). A: III, 7 or 8 (usually 7). P: 16 to 18 (usually 17 or 18). C: 15 (8 + 7). V: 26 (10 + 16). S: 2 or 3. GR: 8 or 9 + 21 to 24. LL: 49 to 52. CP: 25 to 28. Distribution: Indo–Pacific: Malaysia and Indonesia, east to Palau and Tuamotu Islands, and south to northern Australia., Published as part of William D. Anderson, Jr., 2018, Annotated checklist of anthiadine fishes (Percoidei: Serranidae), pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4475 (1) on page 42, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4475.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1453283, {"references":["Lubbock, R. & Randall, J. E. (1976) In: Fourmanoir, P. & Laboute, P. (Eds.), Poissons des mers tropicales. Nouvelle Caledonie, Nouvelles Hebrides. Les editions du Pacifique, Papeete, pp. 1 - 376.","Fourmanoir, P. & Laboute, P. (1976) Poissons des mers tropicales. Nouvelle Caledonie, Nouvelles Hebrides. Les editions du Pacifique, Papeete, 376 pp.","Allen, G. R. & Erdmann, M. V. (2012) Reef fishes of the East Indies. Fols. I - III. Tropical Reef Research, Perth, 855 pp. [Vol. I: pp. i - x + 1 - 424, end note; Vol. II: 425 - 855; Vol. III: preface, map, contents and 857 - 1260; including Appendix 1 (new species descriptions) and Appendix II (addendum)]","Kuiter, R. H. (2004) Basslets, hamlets, and their relatives: A comprehensive guide to selected Serranidae and Plesiopidae. The Marine Fish Families Series. TMC Publishing, Chorleywood, 216 pp., many color figs."]}

Pseudanthias georgei (Allen, 1976) Anthias georgei Allen, 1976 Holotype: WAM P25205–001, 79.5 mm SL. Type locality: ca. 40 nautical miles west of Bernier Island, Western Australia (24°59' S, 112°27' E), depth 71 fathoms (130 meters). Illustration: Allen, 1976:27, fig. 2. D: X, 16. A: III, 7. P: 18. GR: 10 or 11+ 23 to 26. LL: 39 or 40. Distribution: eastern Indian Ocean off Western Australia., Published as part of William D. Anderson, Jr., 2018, Annotated checklist of anthiadine fishes (Percoidei: Serranidae), pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4475 (1) on page 40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4475.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1453283

Pseudanthias smithvanizi (Randall & Lubbock, 1981) Anthias (Mirolabrichthys) smithvanizi Randall & Lubbock, 1981 Holotype: BPBM 15606, 58.2 mm SL, male. Type locality: outer reef slope on west side of Alite Reef, off Malaita, Solomon Islands, depth 60 meters. Illustrations: Kuiter, 2004:70, figs. A –C; Randall & Lubbock, 1981:14, fig. 8 (A & B). D: X, 15 to 17 (usually 16). A: III, 7 or 8 (rarely 8). P: 16 to 18 (rarely 18). C: 15 (8 + 7). V: 26 (10 + 16). S: 2. GR: 6 to 9 + 20 to 24. LL: 44 to 48. CP: 23 to 25. Distribution: Indo–west Pacific., Published as part of William D. Anderson, Jr., 2018, Annotated checklist of anthiadine fishes (Percoidei: Serranidae), pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4475 (1) on page 47, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4475.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1453283, {"references":["Randall, J. E. & Lubbock, R. (1981) A revision of the serranid fishes of the subgenus Mirolabrichthys (Anthiinae: Anthias), with description of five new species. Contributions in Science (Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County), 333, 1 - 27.","Kuiter, R. H. (2004) Basslets, hamlets, and their relatives: A comprehensive guide to selected Serranidae and Plesiopidae. The Marine Fish Families Series. TMC Publishing, Chorleywood, 216 pp., many color figs."]}

Pseudanthias engelhardi (Allen & Starck, 1982) Anthias engelhardi Allen & Starck, 1982 Holotype: AMS I.22632–005, 76.2 mm SL, male. Type locality: Escape Reef, Great Barrier Reef, depth 58 meters. Illustrations: Allen & Starck, 1982:48, figs. 2 & 3; Kuiter, 2004:36, figs. A–G. D: X, 16. A: III, 7. P: 17. GR: 10 or 11 + 24 or 25. LL: 42 to 45. Distribution: western South Pacific., Published as part of William D. Anderson, Jr., 2018, Annotated checklist of anthiadine fishes (Percoidei: Serranidae), pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4475 (1) on page 39, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4475.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1453283, {"references":["Allen, G. R. & Starck II, W. A. (1982) The anthiid fishes of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia, with the description of a new species. Revue francaise d'Aquariologie Herpetologie, 9 (2), 47 - 56.","Kuiter, R. H. (2004) Basslets, hamlets, and their relatives: A comprehensive guide to selected Serranidae and Plesiopidae. The Marine Fish Families Series. TMC Publishing, Chorleywood, 216 pp., many color figs."]}

Pseudanthias cichlops (Bleeker, 1853) Serranus cichlops Bleeker, 1853 Holotype: RMNH 5460. Type locality: Priaman (Pariaman), Sumatra, Indonesia. D: X, 16. A: III, 7. P: 18 or 19. GR: 10 or 11 + 26 to 29. LL: 41 to 43. Distribution: Indonesia: known only from the type locality., Published as part of William D. Anderson, Jr., 2018, Annotated checklist of anthiadine fishes (Percoidei: Serranidae), pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4475 (1) on page 37, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4475.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1453283, {"references":["Bleeker, P. (1853) Diagnostische beschrijvingen van nieuwe of weinig bekende vischsoorten van Sumatra. Tiental V - X. Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indie, 4 (2), 243 - 302."]}

Pseudanthias hutomoi (Allen & Burhanuddin, 1976) Anthias hutomoi Allen & Burhanuddin, 1976 Holotype: LON NCIP 3493, 51.0 mm SL. Type locality: Seleman Bay, Seram, Maluku Islands, Indonesia, depth 54 meters. Illustrations: Kuiter, 2004:44, figs. A –C (below). D: X, 13 to 15. A: III, 7. P: 16 or 17. GR: 34 to 36. LL: 43 to 47. Distribution: western Pacific: Brunei, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea to Philippines., Published as part of William D. Anderson, Jr., 2018, Annotated checklist of anthiadine fishes (Percoidei: Serranidae), pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4475 (1) on page 41, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4475.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1453283, {"references":["Allen, G. R. & Burhanuddin (1976) Anthias hutomoi, a new species of serranid fish from Indonesia (Perciformes, Serranidae). Marine Research in Indonesia, 16, 45 - 50.","Kuiter, R. H. (2004) Basslets, hamlets, and their relatives: A comprehensive guide to selected Serranidae and Plesiopidae. The Marine Fish Families Series. TMC Publishing, Chorleywood, 216 pp., many color figs."]}

Pseudanthias sheni Randall & Allen, 1989 Holotype: WAM P.29660–001, 96.0 mm SL, male. Type locality: base of drop-off, northeast end of Mermaid Reef, Rowley Shoals, Western Australia (17°02' S, 119°38' E), depth 46 meters. Illustrations: Randall & Allen, 1989:73 (fig. 1), 74 (figs. 2 & 3), 77 (figs. 4 & 5). D: X, 17 or 18. A: III, 7. P: 17 to 19. C: 15. V: 26 (10 + 16). S: 3. GR: 10 to 12 + 25 to 28. LL: 45 to 49. CP: 26 to 28. Distribution: eastern Indian Ocean: offshore reefs of northern Western Australia.

Pseudanthias manadensis (Bleeker, 1856) Anthias manadensis Bleeker, 1856 Holotype: RMNH 5456. Type locality: Manado, Sulawesi, Indonesia. Illustration: Kuiter, 2004:38, fig. at bottom of p. D: X, 17?. A: III, 7? P: 19? Distribution: known from a single specimen collected off Manado, Sulawesi, Indonesia., Published as part of William D. Anderson, Jr., 2018, Annotated checklist of anthiadine fishes (Percoidei: Serranidae), pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4475 (1) on page 43, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4475.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1453283, {"references":["Bleeker, P. (1856) Beschrijvingen van nieuwe of weinig bekende vischsoorten van Manado en Makassar, grootendeels verzameld op eene reis naar den Molukschen Archipel in het gevolg van den Gouverneur Generaal Duymaer van Twist. Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neerlandicae, 1 (6), 1 - 80.","Kuiter, R. H. (2004) Basslets, hamlets, and their relatives: A comprehensive guide to selected Serranidae and Plesiopidae. The Marine Fish Families Series. TMC Publishing, Chorleywood, 216 pp., many color figs."]}

Pseudanthias venator Snyder, 1911 Holotype: USNM 68230, 80.8 mm SL. Type locality: Kagoshima, Japan. Illustrations: Masuda et al., 1984:pl. 122, figs. I & J (fide Randall & Hutomo, 1988:671). D: X, 16. A: III, 7. P: 17 or 18. C: 15 (8 + 7). V: 26 (10 + 16). S: 3. GR: 10 to 12 + 23 to 27. LL: 41 to 45. CP: 23. Distribution: western North Pacific: off Japan., Published as part of William D. Anderson, Jr., 2018, Annotated checklist of anthiadine fishes (Percoidei: Serranidae), pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4475 (1) on page 49, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4475.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1453283, {"references":["Snyder, J. O. (1911) Descriptions of new genera and species of fishes from Japan and the Riu Kiu Islands. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 40 (1836), 525 - 549.","Masuda, H., Amaoka, K., Araga, C., Uyeno, T. & Yoshino, T. (Eds.) (1984) The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, xxii + 437 pp. (text), pls. 1 - 370. (atlas).","Randall, J. E. & Hutomo, M. (1988) Redescription of the Indo - Pacific serranid fish Pseudanthias bimaculatus (Smith). Copeia, 1988 (3), 669 - 673."]}

Pseudanthias unimarginatus Randall, 2011 Holotype: BPBM 22924, 52.6 mm SL, male. Type locality: Mauritius, west coast, reef about 2 miles north of Flic en Flac, depth 53 meters. Illustrations: Heemstra & Akhilesh, 2012:161 (fig. 54), Randall, 2011:87, pl. 2, figs. A & B. D: X, 16. A: III, 7. P: 18. V: 26 (10 + 16). S: 2. GR: 33 or 34 (8 or 9 + 25). LL: 43. CP: 23. Distribution: western Indian Ocean, off Mauritius., Published as part of William D. Anderson, Jr., 2018, Annotated checklist of anthiadine fishes (Percoidei: Serranidae), pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4475 (1) on page 48, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4475.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1453283, {"references":["Heemstra, P. C. & Akhilesh, K. V. (2012) A review of the anthiine fish genus Pseudanthias (Perciformes: Serranidae) of the western Indian Ocean, with description of a new species and a key to the species. aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology, 18 (3), 121 - 164."]}

Pseudanthias calloura Ida & Sakaue, 2001 Holotype: NSMT���P 57228, 75.4 mm SL, male. Type locality: southwestern reef of Koror Island, Palau, rocky drop-off, depth 56 meters. Illustrations: Ida & Sakaue, 2001:266, figs. 1���3; Kuiter, 2004:31, figs. A���C (above). D: X, 16. A: III, 7. P: 19. C: 15 (8 + 7). V: 26 (11 + 15). S: 2 or 3. GR: 9 or 10 + 22 to 24. LL: 51 to 53. CP: 29 or 30. Distribution: western Pacific: Palau., Published as part of William D. Anderson, Jr., 2018, Annotated checklist of anthiadine fishes (Percoidei: Serranidae), pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4475 (1) on page 37, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4475.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1453283, {"references":["Ida, H. & Sakaue, J. (2001) Pseudanthias calloura (Teleostei: Perciformes), a new serranid fish from Palau, Central Pacific. Ichthyological Research, 48 (3), 263 - 268. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10228 - 001 - 8144 - 3","Kuiter, R. H. (2004) Basslets, hamlets, and their relatives: A comprehensive guide to selected Serranidae and Plesiopidae. The Marine Fish Families Series. TMC Publishing, Chorleywood, 216 pp., many color figs."]}

Pseudanthias nobilis (Franz, 1910) Anthias nobilis Franz, 1910 Syntypes: ZSM [old collection], 3 syntypes destroyed in WWII (Neumann, 2006:280). Type locality: Misaki, Japan. Illustrations: Kuiter, 2004:29, figs. A–G; Kuiter & Debelius, 2006:290, 2 figs. (bottom of p.). D: X, 17. A: III, 7. LL: 43 to 45. Distribution: western North Pacific: Japan., Published as part of William D. Anderson, Jr., 2018, Annotated checklist of anthiadine fishes (Percoidei: Serranidae), pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4475 (1) on pages 43-44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4475.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1453283, {"references":["Franz, V. (1910) Die japanischen Knochenfische der Sammlungen Haberer und Doflein. (Beitrage zur Naturgeschichte Ostasiens.). Abhandlungen der math. - phys. Klasse der K. Bayer Akademie der Wissenschaften, Supplement 4 (1), 1 - 135, pls. 1 - 11.","Neumann, D. (2006) Type catalogue of the ichthyological collection of the Zoologische Staatssammlung Munchen. Part I. Historic type material from the \" Old Collection \", destroyed in the night 24 / 25 April 1944. Spixiana, Munchen, 29 (No. 3), 259 - 285.","Kuiter, R. H. (2004) Basslets, hamlets, and their relatives: A comprehensive guide to selected Serranidae and Plesiopidae. The Marine Fish Families Series. TMC Publishing, Chorleywood, 216 pp., many color figs.","Kuiter, R. H. & Debelius, H. (2006) World atlas of marine fishes. IKAN-Unterwasserarchiv, Frankfurt, vi + 720 pp, many color figs,"]}

Pseudanthias charleneae Allen & Erdmann, 2008 Holotype: NCIP 6322, 75.3 mm SL, male. Type locality: Gayebi Reef (02��08.246' S, 135��11.729' E), Tydeman Reefs, Cenderawasih Bay, Papua Province, Indonesia, depth 56 meters. Illustrations: Allen & Erdmann, 2008:141���143, figs.1���4; Kuiter, 2004:43, figs. A���C (below, as Pseudanthias sp. 3). D: X, 16. A: III, 7. P: 17 or 18. C: 15. V: 26 (10 + 16). S: 3. GR: 37 (11 + 26). LL: 47. CP: 28. Distribution: Bali and Papua Province, Indonesia., Published as part of William D. Anderson, Jr., 2018, Annotated checklist of anthiadine fishes (Percoidei: Serranidae), pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4475 (1) on page 37, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4475.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1453283, {"references":["Allen, G. R. & Erdmann, M. V. (2008) Pseudanthias charleneae, a new basslet (Serranidae: Anthiinae) from Indonesia. aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology, 13 (3 & 4), 139 - 144.","Kuiter, R. H. (2004) Basslets, hamlets, and their relatives: A comprehensive guide to selected Serranidae and Plesiopidae. The Marine Fish Families Series. TMC Publishing, Chorleywood, 216 pp., many color figs."]}

Pseudanthias vizagensis Krishna, Rao, & Venu, 2017 Syntypes: 44, 93��� 97 mm SL. Type locality: off Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India, depth 180 meters. Illustrations: Krishna et al., 2017:215, figs. 1 & 2. D: X, 16 or 17. A: III, 7. P: 17. C: 15. V: 26 (10 + 16). GR: 39 or 40 (11 + 28 or 29). LL: 44 or 45. Distribution: Indian Ocean: Bay of Bengal: east coast of India., Published as part of William D. Anderson, Jr., 2018, Annotated checklist of anthiadine fishes (Percoidei: Serranidae), pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4475 (1) on page 49, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4475.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1453283, {"references":["Krishna, N. M., Rao, V. G. & Venu, D. (2017) Pseudanthias vizagensis sp. nov., a new anthiine fish (Subfamily: Anthiinae), genus Pseudanthias, from India. Journal of Experimental Zoology, India, 20 (1), 213 - 216, figs. (A), 1 & 2."]}

Pseudanthias hypselosoma Bleeker, 1877 Holotype: whereabouts unknown. Type locality: New Guinea. Illustrations: Bleeker, 1878: pl. II, fig. 2; Heemstra & Akhilesh, 2012:147 (fig. 30), 148 (fig. 31); Kuiter, 2004:39, figs. A���G. D: X, 16 or 17. A: III, 7. P: 18 to 20. C: 15. V: 26 (11 + 15). S: 3. GR: 10 to 13 + 26 to 30. LL: 44 to 47. CP: 22 to 25. Distribution: Indo���west Pacific., Published as part of William D. Anderson, Jr., 2018, Annotated checklist of anthiadine fishes (Percoidei: Serranidae), pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4475 (1) on page 41, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4475.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1453283, {"references":["Bleeker, P. (1877) [De Heer Bleeker ... vischsoorten van Nieuw-Guinea, van Singapore, China, Japan en Mauritius.]. Processen-verbaal van de gewone vergaderingen der Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen; Afdeeling Natuurkunde 1877 - 1878, No. 4, 2 - 3. [in report on the meeting of 27 Oct. 1877.]","Bleeker, P. (1878) Quatrieme memoire sur la faune ichthyologique de la Nouvelle-Guinee. Archives neerlandaises des sciences exactes et naturelles, 13, 35 - 66, pls. 2 & 3.","Heemstra, P. C. & Akhilesh, K. V. (2012) A review of the anthiine fish genus Pseudanthias (Perciformes: Serranidae) of the western Indian Ocean, with description of a new species and a key to the species. aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology, 18 (3), 121 - 164.","Kuiter, R. H. (2004) Basslets, hamlets, and their relatives: A comprehensive guide to selected Serranidae and Plesiopidae. The Marine Fish Families Series. TMC Publishing, Chorleywood, 216 pp., many color figs."]}

Pseudanthias taira Schmidt, 1931 Syntypes: ZIN 23235 (4), 83.0��� 102 mm TL (?). Type locality: Kominato, Amami-oshima Island, Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Illustration: Masuda et al., 1984, pl. 348���I; Schmidt, 1931, pl. 3, fig. 2. D: X, 11 to 13. A: III, 6 or 7. P: 18 or 19. GR:? + 22 to 25. LL: 48 to 50. Distribution: western North Pacific: Japan: Ryukyu Islands., Published as part of William D. Anderson, Jr., 2018, Annotated checklist of anthiadine fishes (Percoidei: Serranidae), pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4475 (1) on page 47, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4475.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1453283, {"references":["Schmidt, P. J. (1931) Fishes of the Riu-Kiu Islands. Transactions of the Pacific Committee of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1, 19 - 156, pls. 1 - 6.","Masuda, H., Amaoka, K., Araga, C., Uyeno, T. & Yoshino, T. (Eds.) (1984) The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, xxii + 437 pp. (text), pls. 1 - 370. (atlas)."]}

Pseudanthias ignitus (Randall & Lubbock, 1981) Anthias (Mirolabrichthys) ignitus Randall & Lubbock, 1981 Holotype: BPBM 18858, 58.3 mm SL, male. Type locality: lagoon reef, Villingili, North Male Atoll, Maldive Islands, depth 25 meters. Illustrations: Kuiter, 2004:71, figs. A –F; Randall & Lubbock, 1981:15, fig. 12. D: X, 16 or 17. A: III, 7. P: 19 or 20. C: 15 (8 + 7). V: 26 (10 + 16 or 11 + 15). S: 1. GR: 10 to 12 + 22 to 25. LL: 53 to 58. CP: 29 to 33. Distribution: Indian Ocean: Maldives and Andaman Sea to Sumatra (Indonesia)., Published as part of William D. Anderson, Jr., 2018, Annotated checklist of anthiadine fishes (Percoidei: Serranidae), pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4475 (1) on page 42, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4475.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1453283, {"references":["Randall, J. E. & Lubbock, R. (1981) A revision of the serranid fishes of the subgenus Mirolabrichthys (Anthiinae: Anthias), with description of five new species. Contributions in Science (Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County), 333, 1 - 27.","Kuiter, R. H. (2004) Basslets, hamlets, and their relatives: A comprehensive guide to selected Serranidae and Plesiopidae. The Marine Fish Families Series. TMC Publishing, Chorleywood, 216 pp., many color figs."]}

Pseudanthias randalli (Lubbock & Allen, 1978) Anthias randalli Lubbock & Allen, 1978 Holotype: BMNH 1977.1.21.1, 69.7 mm SL, male. Type locality: large cave on vertical drop-off, Baring, Olango Island, Cebu Strait, Philippines, depth 40 meters. Illustrations: Kuiter, 2004:60, figs. A–G; Lubbock & Allen, 1978:262, figs. 1 & 2, 264, pl.1. D: X, 15 to 17 (usually 16). A: III, 7 or 8 (usually 7). P: 16 to 18 (usually 17). C: 15 (8 + 7). V: 26 (10 + 16). S: 3. GR: 8 to 10 + 22 to 24. LL: 38 to 46 (most frequently 41 to 43). CP: 21 to 23 (usually 22). Distribution: eastern Indian Ocean, western and central Pacific: Indonesia east to Marshall Islands and perhaps Johnston Atoll, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to New Caledonia., Published as part of William D. Anderson, Jr., 2018, Annotated checklist of anthiadine fishes (Percoidei: Serranidae), pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4475 (1) on page 46, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4475.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1453283, {"references":["Lubbock, R. & Allen, G. R. (1978) A distinctive new Anthias (Teleostei: Serranidae) from the western Pacific. Records of the Western Australian Museum, 6 (2), 259 - 268.","Kuiter, R. H. (2004) Basslets, hamlets, and their relatives: A comprehensive guide to selected Serranidae and Plesiopidae. The Marine Fish Families Series. TMC Publishing, Chorleywood, 216 pp., many color figs."]}

Pseudanthias oumati Williams, Delrieu-Trottin, & Planes, 2013 Holotype: USNM 409433, 57.6 mm SL, female. Type locality: French Polynesia, Marquesas Islands, Fatu Hiva, south of Baie Hanavave (Baie des Vierges) at tip of Pointe Matautu, depth 50 to 55 meters. Illustration: Williams, et al., 2013:175, fig. 9. D: X, 16. A: III, 7. P: 18. C: 15 (8 + 7). V: 26 (10 + 16). S: 3. GR: 38 (10 + 28). LL: 43. CP: 27. Distribution: South Pacific: French Polynesia: Marquesas Islands., Published as part of William D. Anderson, Jr., 2018, Annotated checklist of anthiadine fishes (Percoidei: Serranidae), pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4475 (1) on page 44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4475.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1453283, {"references":["Williams, J. T., Delrieu-Trottin, E. & Planes, S. (2013) Two new fish species of the subfamily Anthiinae (Perciformes, Serranidae) from the Marquesas. Zootaxa, 3647 (1), 167 - 180."]}

Pseudanthias dispar (Herre, 1955) Mirolabrichthys dispar Herre, 1955 Holotype: UW 10628, 49 mm SL. Type locality: Gizo Island, Solomon Islands. Illustrations; Kuiter, 2004:72 & 73, figs, A–I; Randall & McCosker, 1982:61, figs. 3 & 4. D: X, 16 to 18. A: III, 7 or 8. P: 18 to 21. C: 15 (8 + 7). V: 26 (10 + 16 or 11 + 15). S: 1. GR: 9 to 12 + 22 to 26. LL: 55 to 63. Distribution: Christmas Island (eastern Indian Ocean) to Line Islands (central Pacific)., Published as part of William D. Anderson, Jr., 2018, Annotated checklist of anthiadine fishes (Percoidei: Serranidae), pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4475 (1) on page 38, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4475.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1453283, {"references":["Herre, A. W. C. T. (1955) Remarks on the fish genus Mirolabrichthys, with description of a new species. Copeia, 1955 (3), 223 - 225. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1440465","Kuiter, R. H. (2004) Basslets, hamlets, and their relatives: A comprehensive guide to selected Serranidae and Plesiopidae. The Marine Fish Families Series. TMC Publishing, Chorleywood, 216 pp., many color figs.","Randall, J. E. & McCosker, J. E. (1982) Two new serranid fishes of the genus Anthias from the central Pacific. Journal of Aquariculture, 2 (3), 59 - 69."]}

Pseudanthias pulcherrimus (Heemstra & Randall, 1986) Anthias pulcherrimus Heemstra & Randall, 1986 Lectotype: SAIAB 86492, 73 mm SL, male (selected by Heemstra & Akhilesh, 2012:154). Type locality: off Wolmar, west coast of Mauritius, depth 56 meters. Illustrations: Heemstra & Akhilesh, 2012:155, figs. 42 & 43. D: X, 15 or 16. A: III, 7 or 8. P: 17 to 20. C: 15 (8+ 7). V: 26 (10 + 16). S: 2 or 3. GR: 9 to 11 + 23 to 27. LL: 40 to 46. Distribution: Indian Ocean: widespread from South Africa to the Andaman Islands., Published as part of William D. Anderson, Jr., 2018, Annotated checklist of anthiadine fishes (Percoidei: Serranidae), pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 4475 (1) on page 45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4475.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1453283, {"references":["Heemstra, P. C. & Randall, J. E. (1986) Family No. 166: Serranidae. In: Smith, M. M. & Heemstra, P. C. (Eds.), Smiths' Sea Fishes. Macmillan South Africa, Johannesburg, pp. 509 - 537.","Heemstra, P. C. & Akhilesh, K. V. (2012) A review of the anthiine fish genus Pseudanthias (Perciformes: Serranidae) of the western Indian Ocean, with description of a new species and a key to the species. aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology, 18 (3), 121 - 164."]}