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151 results on '"[ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering"'

1. Optimal control of physical backwash strategy - towards the enhancement of membrane filtration process performance

Author: Nihel Ben Amar, Jérôme Harmand, Nesrine Kalboussi, Fatma Ellouze, Térence Bayen, Alain Rapaport, Université Tunis El Manar (UTM), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie [Tunis] (INSAT), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Mathématiques, Informatique et STatistique pour l'Environnement et l'Agronomie (MISTEA), Institut Montpelliérain Alexander Grothendieck (IMAG), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Modélisation Mathématique et Numérique dans les Sciences de l'Ingénieur (LAMSIN), Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Tarbes (ENIT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, EuroMed 3+3 'TRESAURE', Université Tunis El Manar ( UTM ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie [Tunis] ( INSAT ), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] ( LBE ), Institut national de la recherche agronomique [Montpellier] ( INRA Montpellier ) -Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier ( Montpellier SupAgro ), Mathématiques, Informatique et STatistique pour l'Environnement et l'Agronomie ( MISTEA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier ( Montpellier SupAgro ), Institut Montpelliérain Alexander Grothendieck ( IMAG ), Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Modélisation Mathématique et Numérique dans les Sciences de l'Ingénieur ( LAMSIN ), ENIT, Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Laboratoire de Modélisation Mathématique et Numérique dans les Sciences de l'Ingénieur [Tunis] (LR-LAMSIN-ENIT), Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Tunis (ENIT), and Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM)-Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM)
Subjects: [ MATH.MATH-OC ] Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], Engineering, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Microfiltration, Ultrafiltration, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, calcul de performance, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Transmembrane pressure, contrôle optimal, General Materials Science, Specific model, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SPI.FLUID]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Reactive fluid environment, membrane de filtration, Physical backwash strategy, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 6. Clean water, Membrane, Process Engineering, [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], 0210 nano-technology, Filtration and Separation, Biotechnologies, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Water production, [ SPI.FLUID ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Reactive fluid environment, Robustness (computer science), Control theory, Optimization and Control, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Optimisation et contrôle, microbiologie, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Génie des procédés, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, business.industry, [ SDV.BIO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Milieux fluides et réactifs, [ SPI.GPROC ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Control engineering, Optimal control, Reactive fluid environment, Optimal control Net water production optimization, mathématiques appliquées, business
Abstract: International audience; In this work, we show how optimal control theory can be used to optimize membrane filtration processes. The objective is to determine the optimal switching between filtration and backwash sequences in order to maximize the net water production per membrane area of microfiltration or ultrafiltration systems over a given period of time. The optimal solutions, whether the backwash flux is constant or variable, have been derived for a membrane filtration process operating at constant transmembrane pressure using a class of filtration models defined only by their qualitative behaviors. The optimal solution is applied in a simulation case study by considering a specific model validated on data recovered from the literature. The robustness of the approach has been evaluated for different disturbances.
Published: 2018
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2. Core-shell LC–MS/MS method for quantification of second generation anticoagulant rodenticides diastereoisomers in rat liver in relationship with exposure of wild rats

Author: Virginie Lattard, Etienne Benoit, Marlène Damin-Pernik, Isabelle Fourel, Rongeurs Sauvages, Risques Sanitaires et Gestion des Populations - UR 1233 (RS2GP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), ISI n°I1301001W 'NEORAMUS' from Bpi France., Rongeurs Sauvages – Risques Sanitaires et Gestion des Populations, INRA, VetAgro Sup ( USC1233/RS2GP ), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -VetAgro Sup ( VAS )
Subjects: Difenacoum, Clinical Biochemistry, Bromadiolone, [ SDV.TOX.ECO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology, 010501 environmental sciences, Sensitivity and Specificity, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Analytical Chemistry, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, chemistry.chemical_compound, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Core-shell LC-MS/MS, Animals, Rodenticide, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Chromatography, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Flocoumafen, 010401 analytical chemistry, Diastereomer, Anticoagulants, Reproducibility of Results, Rodenticides, Stereoisomerism, Cell Biology, General Medicine, Rats, 0104 chemical sciences, Triple quadrupole mass spectrometer, diastereoisomers separation, Anticoagulant rodenticides, Difethialone, rat liver, multi- residue validation, Liver, chemistry, Linear Models, [ CHIM.ANAL ] Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, [SDV.TOX.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology, Brodifacoum, Chromatography, Liquid
Abstract: International audience; Second generation anticoagulant rodenticides (SGARs), pesticides used worldwide to control rodent populations, exist in two diastereoisomer chemical species because they own two stereogenic centers. A core-shell LC-MS/MS multi-residue method for comprehensive quantitative analysis of the diastereoisomers of five SGARs as well as three first generation anticoagulant rodenticide molecules has been fully validated in liver of rats according to a bioanalytical guideline. A core-shell column (superficially porous particles) has been chosen for its ability to separate the diastereomers of bromadiolone, difenacoum, brodifacoum, flocoumafen and difethialone and for its robustness to rat liver extracts. The highly selective chromatographic separation of the diastereoisomers contributes to good signal to noise ratios and then enhances the sensitivity of the method compared to the ones of fully porous columns. An elution gradient has been optimized with 10mM ammonium acetate and acetonitrile as aqueous/organic mobile phase respectively. Triple quadrupole mass detector has been used to achieve specifity and LLOQ from 0.92 to 2.2 ng/g for each diastereoisomer, or first generation anticoagulant rodenticides. Then we evidenced diastereoisomeric ratios in liver of rats issued from not controlled exposure of wild rats (Rattus norvegicus) trapped in a French Parisian park through a campaign of rodent eradication. We compared them to diastereoisomeric ratios in SGARs commercial baits that contain both isomers, and showed that one of the two diastereoiomers had nearly disappeared in liver of rats. The proportions of cis-bromadiolone and trans-difenacoum were really lowered compared to the baits: 5/7 and 9/12 rats had only trans-bromadiolone and cis-difenacoum hepatic residues respectively. Liver persistence of the two diastereoisomers of bromadiolone and difenacoum was different due to differences in their pharmacokinetics in wild rats. The new Core-shell LC-MS/MS method is particularly well adapted for further exploration of diastereoisomers ratios in rodent and predatory wildlife biological samples in order to evaluate ecological consequences of actual baits, to explore new formulated baits with a good balance between efficacity (ability to kill rodents) and diastereoisomers persistence, and hopefully to mitigate exposure of non-target species.
Published: 2017
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3. Desulfotomaculum aquiferis sp. nov. and Desulfotomaculum profundi sp. nov., isolated from a deep natural gas storage aquifer

Author: Sabrina Berlendis, Marie-Laure Fardeau, Magali Ranchou-Peyruse, Bernard Ollivier, David Dequidt, Manon Joseph, Jean-François Lascourrèges, Thomas Aüllo, Michel Magot, Anthony Ranchou-Peyruse, Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie ( MIO ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut des sciences analytiques et de physico-chimie pour l'environnement et les materiaux ( IPREM ), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour ( UPPA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Institut des sciences analytiques et de physico-chimie pour l'environnement et les materiaux (IPREM), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: DNA, Bacterial, 0301 basic medicine, Firmicutes, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 030106 microbiology, Natural Gas, 7. Clean energy, Microbiology, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Groundwater, Phylogeny, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Benzoic acid, chemistry.chemical_classification, Base Composition, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, biology, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Thermophile, Fatty Acids, Fatty acid, Sequence Analysis, DNA, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, 16S ribosomal RNA, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Bacterial Typing Techniques, [ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, chemistry, Biochemistry, Desulfotomaculum, France, Anaerobic bacteria, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [ SDE.ES ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Bacteria
Abstract: International audience; Two novel strictly anaerobic bacteria, strains Bs105(T) and Bs107(T), were isolated from a deep aquifer-derived hydrocarbonoclastic community. The cells were rod-shaped, not motile and had terminal spores. Phylogenetic affiliation and physiological properties revealed that these isolates belong to two novel species of the genus Desulfotomaculum. Optimal growth temperatures for strains Bs105(T) and Bs107(T) were 42 and 45 degrees C, respectively. The estimated G+C content of the genomic DNA was 42.9 and 48.7 mol%. For both strains, the major cellular fatty acid was palmitate (C-16 : 0). Specific carbon fatty acid signatures of Gram-positive bacteria (iso-C-17 : 0) and sulfate-reducing bacteria (C(17 : 0)cyc) were also detected. An insertion was revealed in one of the two 16S rRNA gene copies harboured by strain Bs107(T). Similar insertions have previously been highlighted among moderately thermophilic species of the genus Desulfotomaculum. Both strains shared the ability to oxidize aromatic acids (Bs105(T) : hydroquinone, acetophenone, paratoluic acid, 2-phenylethanol, trans-cinnamic acid, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, benzyl alcohol, benzoic acid 4-hydroxybutyl ester; Bs107(T) : ortho-toluic acid, benzoic acid 4-hydroxybutyl ester). The names Desulfotomaculum aquiferis sp. nov. and Desulfotomaculum profundi sp. nov. are proposed for the type strains Bs105(T) (= DSM 24088(T) = JCM 31386(T)) and Bs107(T) (= DSM 24093(T) = JCM 31387(T)).
Published: 2016
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4. Nitrogen isotopic evidence for a shift from nitrate- to diazotroph-fueled export production in the VAHINE mesocosm experiments

Author: Sophie Bonnet, Thierry Moutin, Nathalie Leblond, Alfredo Martínez-García, Angela N. Knapp, Sarah E. Fawcett, Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie ( MIO ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ), Department of Oceanography, and Faculty of Science
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, National Health Programs, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, lcsh:Life, chemistry.chemical_element, Disaster Planning, Biology, 01 natural sciences, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Mesocosm, South Africa, chemistry.chemical_compound, Water column, Nitrate, lcsh:QH540-549.5, Botany, Phytoplankton, Humans, Mass Casualty Incidents, 14. Life underwater, Societies, Medical, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, lcsh:QE1-996.5, fungi, δ15N, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Nitrogen, lcsh:Geology, lcsh:QH501-531, [ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, chemistry, Environmental chemistry, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Nitrogen fixation, lcsh:Ecology, Diazotroph, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Burns, [ SDE.ES ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society
Abstract: In a coastal lagoon with a shallow, 25 m water column off the southwest coast of New Caledonia, large-volume ( ∼ 50 m3) mesocosm experiments were undertaken to track the fate of newly fixed nitrogen (N). The mesocosms were intentionally fertilized with 0.8 µM dissolved inorganic phosphorus to stimulate diazotrophy. N isotopic evidence indicates that the dominant source of N fueling export production shifted from subsurface nitrate (NO3−) assimilated prior to the start of the 23-day experiments to N2 fixation by the end of the experiments. While the δ15N of the sinking particulate N (PNsink) flux changed during the experiments, the δ15N of the suspended PN (PNsusp) and dissolved organic N (DON) pools did not. This is consistent with previous observations that the δ15N of surface ocean N pools is less responsive than that of PNsink to changes in the dominant source of new N to surface waters. In spite of the absence of detectable NO3− in the mesocosms, the δ15N of PNsink indicated that NO3− continued to fuel a significant fraction of export production (20 to 60 %) throughout the 23-day experiments, with N2 fixation dominating export after about 2 weeks. The low rates of organic N export during the first 14 days were largely supported by NO3−, and phytoplankton abundance data suggest that sinking material primarily comprised large diatoms. Concurrent molecular and taxonomic studies indicate that the diazotroph community was dominated by diatom–diazotroph assemblages (DDAs) at this time. However, these DDAs represented a minor fraction (2 fixation; they were thus not important for driving export production, either directly or indirectly. The unicellular cyanobacterial diazotroph, a Cyanothece-like UCYN-C, proliferated during the last phase of the experiments when N2 fixation, primary production, and the flux of PNsink increased significantly, and δ15N budgets reflected a predominantly diazotrophic source of N fueling export. At this time, the export flux itself was likely dominated by the non-diazotrophic diatom, Cylindrotheca closterium, along with lesser contributions from other eukaryotic phytoplankton and aggregated UCYN-C cells, as well as fecal pellets from zooplankton. Despite comprising a small fraction of the total biomass, UCYN-C was largely responsible for driving export production during the last ∼ 10 days of the experiments both directly ( ∼ 5 to 22 % of PNsink) and through the rapid transfer of its newly fixed N to other phytoplankton; we infer that this newly fixed N was transferred rapidly through the dissolved N (including DON) and PNsusp pools. This inference reconciles previous observations of invariant oligotrophic surface ocean DON concentrations and δ15N with incubation studies showing that diazotrophs can release a significant fraction of their newly fixed N as some form of DON.
Published: 2016
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5. Released coral mucus does not enhance planktonic N2 fixation rates

Author: Kimberley A. Lema, Olivier Grosso, Mar Benavides, Mercedes Camps, Sophie Bonnet, David G. Bourne, Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie ( MIO ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Cyanobacteria, Diazotrophs, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Coral, Coral mucus, [SDV.BC.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Subcellular Processes [q-bio.SC], Aquatic Science, Biology, 01 natural sciences, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, 03 medical and health sciences, Pelagic-benthic interactions, Pelagic-benthic, Dissolved organic matter, Marine ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, fungi, technology, industry, and agriculture, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Coral reef, interactions, Plankton, biology.organism_classification, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Mucus, [ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 030104 developmental biology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], 13. Climate action, Nitrogen fixation, Diazotroph, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [ SDE.ES ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society
Abstract: International audience; Dinitrogen (N-2) fixation by prokaryotic microorganisms provides bioavailable nitrogen in oligotrophic marine ecosystems such as coral reefs. The widespread though largely unknown heterotrophic diazotrophs require dissolved organic matter (DOM) for their nutrition. In coral reef ecosystems, DOM-rich mucus released by corals potentially sustains heterotrophic diazotrophic growth and activity. In this study, we investigated the effect of coral mucus on planktonic N-2 fixation in in situ experiments over a seasonal cycle within a New Caledonian lagoon, as well as in in vitro experiments in which the effect of mucus was monitored for 72 h. During the field experiment, N-2 fixation rates ranged between 0.12 and 7.90 nmol N1(-1) d(-1). Despite the highest N-2 fixation being found after mucus release, no significant difference was measured between the seawater surrounding the coral before and after mucus release. Similarly, the addition of mucus during the in vitro experiment enhanced N-2 fixation rates 1.5-fold, but this increase was not significantly different from the control. The abundance of 2 dominant populations of diazotrophs associated with corals and their surrounding seawater environments (unicellular cyanobacteria and rhizobia) found within pure mucus samples was on average 18-fold higher than in the surrounding seawater in the summer period and 400-fold higher in the winter. Our results suggest that although coral mucus does not influence planktonic N-2 fixation, the release of large numbers of diazotrophic cells associated with the mucus likely influences the abundance and diversity of diazotroph populations within the lagoon waters.
Published: 2016
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6. Experiments on lift dynamics and feedback control of a wind turbine blade section

Author: Vincent Jaunet, Caroline Braud, Institut Pprime ( PPRIME ), Université de Poitiers-ENSMA-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de recherche en Hydrodynamique, Énergétique et Environnement Atmosphérique ( LHEEA ), École Centrale de Nantes ( ECN ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de recherche en Hydrodynamique, Énergétique et Environnement Atmosphérique (LHEEA), and École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Lift, Turbine blade, [PHYS.MECA.MEFL]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanics of the fluids [physics.class-ph], Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Computer science, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, 020209 energy, Feedback control, [SPI.FLUID]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Reactive fluid environment, 02 engineering and technology, Turbine, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, law.invention, Lift (force), Aerodynamic force, Control theory, law, [ SPI.FLUID ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Reactive fluid environment, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Trailing edge, Fluidics, Wind turbine, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience; An experimental campaign is performed to the study of feedback lift control applied to a wind turbine blade. A 5-digit NACA profile whose trailing edge is rounded for circulation control purposes is used in combination with fluidic actuation. It is first shown in this article how the modified profile performs, in terms of aerodynamic forces, in both natural and manipulated cases. Then, the dynamics of controlled pressure (and thus lift) establishment is identified. A discussion is given on the speed of lift dynamics in comparison with previous studies and on its ability to overcome lift perturbations due to external perturbations. Finally, a feedback lift control experiment is performed showing the feasibility of such control in a wind turbine environment.
Published: 2018
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7. Uncertainties of Domestic Road Freight Statistics: Insights for Regional Material Flow Studies

Author: Courtonne, Jean-Yves, Longaretti, Pierre-Yves, Dupré, Denis, Sustainability transition, environment, economy and local policy (STEEP ), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Sustainability transition, environment, economy and local policy (STEEP), Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sustainability transition, environment, economy and local policy ( STEEP ), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann ( LJK ), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 ( UPMF ) -Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 ( UPMF ) -Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble ( IPAG ), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble ( OSUG ), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )
Subjects: [ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [STAT.AP]Statistics [stat]/Applications [stat.AP], [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [ STAT.AP ] Statistics [stat]/Applications [stat.AP], [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [ SDE.ES ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering
Abstract: International audience; Freight statistics are at the core of many studies in the field of industrial ecology because they depict the physical inter-dependencies of territories and allow to link worldwide productions and consumptions. Recent studies have been increasingly focusing on subnational scales, often relying on domestic freight data. In this perspective, this article analyses the uncertainties of the French domestic road freight survey, road being by far the most common mode of transport in the country. Based on a statistical analysis of the survey, we propose a model to estimate the uncertainty of any given domestic road transport flow. We also assess uncertainty reduction when averaging the flows over several years, and obtain for instance a 30% reduction for a 3-year average. We then study the impact of the uncertainties on regional material flow studies such as the Economy-Wide Material Flow Analysis of the Bourgogne region. Overall the case studies advocate for a systematic assessment of freight uncertainties, as neither the disaggregation level nor the quantities traded are good enough predictors. This justifies the need for an easy-to-implement estimation model. Finally, basic comparison with the German and Swedish surveys tend to indicate that the main conclusions presented in this article are likely to be valid in other European countries.
Published: 2018
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8. Factors determining the exposure of dairy farmers to thoracic organic dust

Author: Stéphane Jouneau, Laurent Vernhet, Pierre Le Cann, Hugo Pfister, Laurent Madec, Martine Chouvet, Nathalie Costet, Institut de recherche, santé, environnement et travail ( Irset ), Université d'Angers ( UA ) -Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] ( EHESP ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ) -Université des Antilles ( UA ), Département Santé Environnement Travail et Génie Sanitaire ( DSETGS ), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] ( EHESP ), Service de pneumologie, N° 2014/0488, Association Nationale de la Recherche et de la Technologie, ITGA, Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Département Santé Environnement Travail et Génie Sanitaire (DSETGS), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Laboratoire d'étude et de recherche en environnement et santé (LERES), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], and Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )
Subjects: Organic dust, Population, Air Microbiology, Air Pollutants, Occupational, 010501 environmental sciences, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Respirable dust, Toxicology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Occupational Exposure, Humans, education, [ SHS.GESTION ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, [ CHIM.GENI ] Chemical Sciences/Chemical engineering, Respiratory disease, Determinants, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, [SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, 2. Zero hunger, Inhalation Exposure, education.field_of_study, Farmers, Dust, Automatic milking, [ SPI.GPROC ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, [ SDV.SPEE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, 030210 environmental & occupational health, respiratory tract diseases, Endotoxins, Dairying, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, France, Thoracic particles, Dairy farms, [ SDE.ES ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract: International audience; Bronchial respiratory diseases are more common in dairy farmers than in the general population, perhaps because the repeated inhalation of organic dust contributes to the development of these disorders. However, the factors determining the exposure of farmers to particles that can enter the lower bronchial tract and interact with it, i.e. the thoracic fraction of the inhalable dust, remain to be identified.We therefore measured the exposure of dairy farmers to thoracic organic dust and identified the farm features and tasks that increased exposure. We measured thoracic particles (n = 110) and farm characteristics and occupational tasks in 29 Brittany dairy farms. The mean (GM) (geometric standard deviation, GSD) concentration of thoracic dust in air inhaled by farmers was 0.24 mg/m3 (2.8) and the concentrations of endotoxins, Gram-positive bacteria and fungi in the thoracic fraction were 128 EU/m3 (4.0), 960 CFU/m3 (6.3) and 690 CFU/m3 (5.4), respectively. Model-based estimates of the association between exposure, farm features and tasks indicated that manual grain and feed handling and mechanical bedding spreading significantly increased exposure to thoracic dust, endotoxins, bacteria and fungi. Exposure to bacteria and fungi was reduced by cowsheds divided into cubicles, whereas using automatic muck scrappers in alleyway and automatic milking tended to increase exposure to bacteria and endotoxins. Finally, exposure to endotoxin and fungi were reduced by warmer farm buildings and well-ventilated buildings having walls with large openings.In conclusions, major occupational tasks and specific farm features determine the exposure of Breton dairy farmers to thoracic organic dust.
Published: 2018
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9. Combining eco-social and environmental indicators to assess the sustainability performance of a food value chain: A case study

Author: Gwenola Yannou-Le Bris, Gaëlle Petit, Caroline Sablayrolles, AgroParisTech (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - INRA (FRANCE), CentraleSupélec (FRANCE), Ingénierie Procédés Aliments ( GENIAL ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -AgroParisTech-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] ( CNAM ), Chimie Agro-Industrielle ( CAI ), Institut National Polytechnique [Toulouse] ( INP ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Ecole nationale supérieure des ingénieurs en arts chimiques et technologiques, Laboratoire Génie Industriel - EA 2606 ( LGI ), CentraleSupélec, AgroParisTech, Ingénierie, Procédés, Aliments (GENIAL), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Chimie Agro-Industrielle (CAI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole nationale supérieure des ingénieurs en arts chimiques et technologiques-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire Génie Industriel - EA 2606 (LGI), Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle (LCA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Toulouse, and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)
Subjects: Value (ethics), 020209 energy, Strategy and Management, Framework, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, 12. Responsible consumption, Life cycle assessment, 11. Sustainability, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [ SHS.GESTION ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, Life-cycle assessment, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, 2. Zero hunger, Sustainable development, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, [SDV.SA.AEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agriculture, economy and politics, Environmental economics, Categorization, Work (electrical), Sustainability, Indicator, 13. Climate action, Transparency (graphic), Pork value chain, [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, Metrics, Business, Metric (unit), Sciences agricoles
Abstract: International audience; Stakeholders are increasingly demanding transparency on food value chain sustainability performance. Today there is no standard framework to meet this demand and support defining indicators to be used to conduct an overall sustainable performance assessment. This paper mobilizes existing frameworks and indicators to build new sustainable performance metrics for actors willing to work together for their value chain sustainability. Popular methods or tools for assessing dimensions of agrifood products or activities are selected and analyzed to determine how they could contribute to this metric. The analysis aims to distinguish the sustainable development pillars addressed (economic, environmental and/or social), the frames concerned (life cycle thinking or not; multi-actor or not), and the focus of performance measured (drivers, pressures, states, impacts, responses). This categorization is then used to develop a proposal for specifications adapted to food value chain sustainability performance assessment. The applicability of the framework is demonstrated through a case study in a pork agrifood value chain.
Published: 2018
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10. Micropolluants dans les eaux usées : qu'apporte un traitement tertiaire par adsorption sur charbon actif ?

Author: Guillossou , R, Gasperi , Johnny, Le Roux , Julien, Mailler , Romain, Briand , Céline, Vulliet , Emmanuelle, Morlay , Catherine, Nauleau , Fabrice, Rocher , Vincent, Laboratoire Eau Environnement et Systèmes Urbains ( LEESU ), AgroParisTech-École des Ponts ParisTech ( ENPC ) -Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 ( UPEC UP12 ), SIAAP - Direction du Développement et de la Prospective, SIAAP, TRACES - Technologie et Recherche en Analyse Chimique pour l'Environnement et la Santé, Institut des Sciences Analytiques ( ISA ), École normale supérieure - Lyon ( ENS Lyon ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -École normale supérieure - Lyon ( ENS Lyon ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Matériaux, ingénierie et science [Villeurbanne] ( MATEIS ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon ( INSA Lyon ), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ), SAUR - Direction de la Recherche et Développement, SAUR, laboratoire Eau Environnement et Systèmes Urbains (LEESU), AgroParisTech-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Institut des Sciences Analytiques (ISA), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Matériaux, ingénierie et science [Villeurbanne] (MATEIS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Guillossou, Ronan, Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDE] Environmental Sciences, [ SDE ] Environmental Sciences, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDE.IE] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018

11. Utilisation des drones pour la caractérisation des phénomènes d’érosion éolienne des dunes du littoral Atlantique. Exemple des Pays de Monts

Author: Valentin Metereau, Franck Desmazes, Loïc Gouguet, Jérôme Leroux, Manuel Garcin, Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Office National des Forêts (ONF), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) ( BRGM ), and Office National des Forêts - ONF (FRANCE)
Subjects: [ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 05 social sciences, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 0507 social and economic geography, 021107 urban & regional planning, 02 engineering and technology, 050703 geography, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018
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12. Use of deep features for the automatic classification of fish sounds

Author: Cedric Gervaise, Mauro Dalla Mura, Marielle Malfante, Omar Mohammed, Jerome Mars, SIGMAPHY ( GIPSA-SIGMAPHY ), Département Images et Signal ( GIPSA-DIS ), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique ( GIPSA-lab ), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 ( UPMF ) -Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 ( UPMF ) -Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique ( GIPSA-lab ), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 ( UPMF ) -Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 ( UPMF ) -Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), CRISSP ( GIPSA-CRISSP ), Département Parole et Cognition ( GIPSA-DPC ), Chaire CHORUS - Fondation Grenoble-INP, Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology, GIPSA - Signal Images Physique (GIPSA-SIGMAPHY), Département Images et Signal (GIPSA-DIS), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), GIPSA - Cognitive Robotics, Interactive Systems, & Speech Processing (GIPSA-CRISSP), Département Parole et Cognition (GIPSA-DPC), and Mars, Jerome
Subjects: Computer science, Automatic processing, 02 engineering and technology, [ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Convolutional neural network, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 14. Life underwater, Underwater, [SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Signal processing, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, business.industry, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Pattern recognition, [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Feature (computer vision), %22">Fish , 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [SDE.IE] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Artificial intelligence, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Focus (optics), business, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract: International audience; — The work presented in this paper focuses on the environmental monitoring of underwater areas using acoustic signals. In particular, we propose to compare the effectiveness of various feature sets used to represent the underwater acoustic data for the automatic processing of fish sounds We focus on the detection and classification tasks. Specifically, we compare the use of features issued from signal processing presented and validated in [15], [16] to the use of features obtained through deep convolutional neural networks. Experimental results show that the use of signal processing features outperform the deep features in terms of classification accuracy.
Published: 2018

13. Evaluating the value of Bias Correction of High-Resolution Satellite Rainfall Product (CHIRP) to simulate Stream flow into Lake Ziway, Ethiopia

Author: Goshime , Demelash, Absi , Rafik, Ledésert , Béatrice, Haile , Alemseged, Ecole de Biologie Industrielle, Inst. Polytech. St-Louis ( EBI ), Ecole de Biologie Industrielle, Laboratoire de tectonique ( LT ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université de Cergy Pontoise ( UCP ), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Ecole de Biologie Industrielle, Inst. Polytech. St-Louis (EBI), Laboratoire de tectonique (LT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), and Absi, Rafik
Subjects: [SDU.STU.ME] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Meteorology, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SDU.STU.HY] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, [ SDU.STU.ME ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Meteorology, [SDE.IE] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, [SDU.STU.ME]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Meteorology, [ SDU.STU.HY ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [ SDE.ES ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society
Abstract: International audience; Significant lowering has been observed in the Lake Ziway volume, which hinders the lake services for a wide variety of ecosystems. However, the contribution of water withdrawal, land cover change and climate change has not been quantified yet due to scarce data for rainfall-runoff modeling. Hydrological modeling for runoff simulation requires long-term accurate and consistence rainfall data both in space and time. Satellite hydro-meteorological estimate may serve as important inputs for modeling in an area of data scarce and poorly gauged region. In this study, we evaluated the runoff simulation from near-real time, Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation (CHIRP) satellite rainfall product at daily temporal and 0.05 • X 0.05 • spatial resolution for a period from 1984 to 2016. The study area is Lake Ziway watershed situated in Ethiopian Central Rift Valley lakes basin (CRV), Eastern Africa, the highest in a chain of four lakes. As evidenced from other studies, the bias of satellite rainfall estimate must be removed before estimates receive hydrological and water resources applications. We applied a non-linear power bias correction method to obtain bias corrected precipitation using in-situ rainfall data as references. The bias-corrected CHIRP data were used to calibrate and simulate rainfall-runoff using Hydrologiska Byråns Vattenbalansavdelning (HBV) model at Katar and Meki catchments, two major river inflows into the lake. The HBV model revealed very good performance when evaluated using Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency (NSE) and relative volume error (RVE) objective functions for the calibration and validation periods. For calibration period run 1986 to 1991, the value of NSE was 0.78 and 0.65, and the RVE was-2.49 and-4.45 for Katar and Meki catchments respectively. The verification of model performance revealed NSE values of 0.73 and 0.61, and RVE values of 1.93 and 5.56 for both catchments during a period from 1996 to 2000. Simulation result indicates that, Katar and Meki rivers contribute a runoff volume of 614.6MCM (61% for the Katar and 39% for the Meki) to Lake Ziway for the period from 1986 to 2016. On average a change of up to 9% annual Lake runoff volume reduction obtained during simulation over time. Our study shows that bias corrected CHIRP satellite rainfall estimates play a major role in estimating catchment runoff and lake inflows. Further study should incorporate lake level simulation and climate change impact assessment to assess the likely current and future behavior of lake.
Published: 2018

14. Assessing the Performance of In-Stream Restoration Projects Using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Transponders

Author: Bruce MacVicar, Emma Buckrell, André Roy, Margot Chapuis, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering [Waterloo], University of Waterloo [Waterloo], Université Nice Sophia Antipolis - Faculté des Sciences (UNS UFR Sciences), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Études des Structures, des Processus d’Adaptation et des Changements de l’Espace (ESPACE), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geography, University of British Columbia (UBC), Faculty of Arts and Science, Concordia University [Montreal], Université Nice Sophia Antipolis - Faculté des Sciences ( UNS UFR Sciences ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ), Études des Structures, des Processus d’Adaptation et des Changements de l’Espace ( ESPACE ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse ( UAPV ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University of British Columbia ( UBC ), Concordia University [Montreal, Canada], and Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS)
Subjects: RFID transponders, River engineering, lcsh:Hydraulic engineering, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geography, Planning and Development, 0207 environmental engineering, particle mobility, 02 engineering and technology, Aquatic Science, stream restoration, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, sediment transport, lcsh:Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes, lcsh:TC1-978, Radio-frequency identification, [SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, [SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, 020701 environmental engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, Bed load, Hydrology, lcsh:TD201-500, [ SDU.STU.GM ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, Flood myth, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, business.industry, rivers, 6. Clean water, Flooding (computer networking), monitoring, sediment tracking, travel distances, Sample size determination, Environmental science, [ SDU.STU.HY ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, business, Stream restoration, Sediment transport
Abstract: Instream channel restoration is a common practice in river engineering that presents a challenge for research. One research gap is the development of monitoring techniques that allow for testable predictions of sediment transport and supply. Here we use Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) transponders to compare the short-term (1-year) sediment transport response to flood events in a restored and a control reach. The field site is Wilket Creek, an enlarged creek in a fully urbanized catchment without stormwater management control in Toronto, Ontario. The responses to three flooding periods, each of which are at or above the design bankfull discharge, are described. Key results are that (i) particle mobility is lower in the restored reach for all three periods, (ii) full mobility occurs in the control reach during the first two floods while partial mobility occurs in the restored reach, and (iii) the constructed morphology exerted a controlling influence on particle entrainment, with higher mobility in the pools. Log-transformed travel distances exhibit normal distributions when grouped by particle size class, which allows a statistical comparison with power law and other predictive travel-distance relations. Results show that three bedload transport conditions can occur, with partial mobility associated with a mild relation between particle size and travel distance and full mobility associated with either a flat or steep relation depending on the degree of integration of particles in the bed. Recommendations on seeding strategy and sample sizes are made to improve the precision of the results by minimizing confidence intervals for mobility and travel distances. Even in a short term study, the RFID sediment tracking technique allows a process-based assessment of stream restoration outcomes that can be used to justify the instream intervention and plan future attempts to stabilize and enhance the system.
Published: 2015
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15. Application of smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) and pore morphologic model to predict saturated water conductivity from X-ray CT imaging in a silty loam Cambisol

Author: Alfonso Gastelum Strozzi, Francesco Morari, P. Charrier, N. Dal Ferro, Céline Duwig, Patrice Delmas, Universita degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua = Université de Padoue, CCADET, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México ( UNAM ), Laboratoire d'étude des transferts en hydrologie et environnement ( LTHE ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble ( INPG ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble ( OSUG ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), and Université Grenoble Alpes [Saint Martin d'Hères]
Subjects: Cambisol, Materials science, Macropore, Water flow, [ SDV.SA.SDS ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study, 0207 environmental engineering, Soil Science, Mineralogy, Soil classification, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Pore size distribution, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Saturated hydraulic conductivity, Smoothed-particle hydrodynamics, Soil structure, Hydraulic conductivity, Loam, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, [ SDU.STU.HY ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, 020701 environmental engineering, X-ray computed microtomography
Abstract: International audience; 20 This study aims to estimate saturated hydraulic conductivity in a silty loam soil and compare modelled data with 21 experimental ones. The flow characteristics of twelve undisturbed soil cores (5 cm in diameter × 6 cm high) were 22 measured in the laboratory after performing X-ray computed microtomography (microCT) analysis. MicroCT 3D 23 imaging was integrated with an existing pore morphologic model and a numerical simulation based on mesh-24 free smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) to calculate the water flow through the macropore network 25 (pores N 40 μm). Results showed that the proposed SPH method was able to predict hydraulic conductivity of 26 large-sized samples as falling in the range of the experimental ones. By contrast the morphologic model generally 27 underestimated the water flow and was slightly affected by the pore shape. Increasing microCT imaging resolu-28 tion and expanding the variability with other soil types will improve the understanding of the role of micropore 29 size and morphology on water conductivity. 30
Published: 2015
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16. History and influence of the Danube delta lobes on the evolution of the ancient harbour of Orgame (Dobrogea, Romania)

Author: Nick Marriner, David Kaniewski, Guénaëlle Bony, Christophe Morhange, Ingrid Rossignol, Vasilica Lungu, Alexandre Baralis, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Musée du Louvre, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Romanian Academy Research (ROMANIA), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Aix-Marseille Université - AMU (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Collège de France (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - IRD (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université de Franche-Comté (FRANCE), Musée du Louvre (FRANCE), Romanian Academy (ROMANIA), Laboratoire Ecologie fonctionnelle et Environnement - EcoLab (Toulouse, France), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement de géosciences de l'environnement ( CEREGE ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Collège de France ( CdF ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement - ECOLAB ( ECOLAB ), Institut National Polytechnique [Toulouse] ( INP ) -Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées ( OMP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE)
Subjects: Archeology, Environmental change, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Palaeoenvironments, Context (language use), Ingénierie de l'environnement, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, 14. Life underwater, Danube delta, Milieux et Changements globaux, computer.programming_language, Orgame, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Sediment, Lagoon, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Archaeology, Coastal barriers, Coasts, [ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Black Sea, Harbour, Alluvium, Sedimentary rock, Environnement et Société, Progradation, Ancient harbour, computer, Bay, [ SDE.ES ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Geology
Abstract: International audience; On the coast of Northern Dobrogea, south of the Danube delta, the Greek settlement of Orgame was founded in the mid 7th c. BC, probably by Milesian colonists. The ancient city was located on the Cape Dolojman which today overlooks a large lagoon complex. We undertook a chronostratigraphic study to:(i) understand coastal changes around Cape Dolojman since ca. 5000 years BP in connection with the construction of the Danube delta lobes, and (ii) identify potential sediment impacts related to human occupation of the site. Three cores were extracted from the lagoon area. Sedimentological and biological analyses were undertaken to reconstruct the evolution of the coastal palaeoenvironments. The results show a closure of the marine bay around 3500 cal. BP and its transformation into a lagoon environment. The first major environmental change was due to the construction of the lobe St. George I and the formation of the barrier Lupilor. Around 2000 cal. BP, the formation of an intra-lagoonal lobe, the Dunavatz, led to the gradual transformation of the lagoon into a fluvial-dominated system. Paradoxically, lagoon waters today still wash the ancient Greek harbour environment, which has not been totally infilled by alluvial sediments. To understand this paradox, in a context of coastal progradation, we compared and contrasted the geomorphological data with the nearby city of Istros/Histria, which was already landlocked at this time. The location of these two Greek colonies relative to the coastal sediment cell and barriers partly explains their contrasting palaeoenvironmental evolution. Until 2650 cal. BP, the increase in charcoal and organic matter in sedimentary archives is interpreted as an anthropogenic signal for a more extensive use of the vegetation cover following the foundation of the city of Orgame (e.g. for domestic use and funeral rites).
Published: 2015
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17. Mathematical modelling of the ensiling process before biogas production: strengthening the links between biomass storage and anaerobic digestion

Author: Ruben Teixeira Franco, Pierre Buffière, Rémy Bayard, Déchets Eaux Environnement Pollutions ( DEEP ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon ( INSA Lyon ), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ), Déchets Eaux Environnement Pollutions (DEEP), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)
Subjects: 020209 energy, General Chemical Engineering, Microorganism, Biomass, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Raw material, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [CHIM.GENI]Chemical Sciences/Chemical engineering, Biogas, Anaerobic digestion, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Environmental Chemistry, Stoechio-kinetic model, Ensiling, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Water content, [ CHIM.GENI ] Chemical Sciences/Chemical engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, Mathematical modelling, Chemistry, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [ SPI.GPROC ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, General Chemistry, Pulp and paper industry, Manure, Kinetics, Catch crop
Abstract: International audience; A stoechio-kinetic model describing the evolution of biomass through the ensiling process was developed. The model framework is based on the ADM1 in order to establish a mathematical link between ensiling and anaerobic digestion. Data from ensiling experiments with catch crop and cattle manure were used for model implementation. The model accurately describes the evolution of chemical species under most of storage conditions. Only very few adjusted parameters varied among the tested conditions, notably certain kinetic coefficients. These coefficients depend on the nature and biochemical characteristics of the feedstock. Simulations of the conservation of the biomethane potential were qualitatively consistent with the experimental results. However, additional reactions or inhibitory phenomena should be added to enhance quantitative reliability of this parameter in some cases. Simulations results show that hydrolysis reactions have low kinetic constants during ensiling (0.001-0.012 d-1). Furthermore, different tolerance levels to pH and dryness among microbial populations were identified. Lactic acid bacteria can proliferate at low pH and low moisture content. The remaining fermentative microorganisms, such as clostridial bacteria, are more sensitive to low pH conditions. Moreover, this model illustrates that the conservation of methane potential is positively correlated with the content of easily accessible carbohydrates and total solids in the raw material. This work can be a support tool for the management of resources before anaerobic digestion.
Published: 2018
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18. Graphene oxide impairs the pollen performance of Nicotiana tabacum and Corylus avellana suggesting potential negative effects on the sexual reproduction of seed plants

Author: Lorenzo Fortuna, Mauro Tretiach, Emmanuel Flahaut, Fabio Candotto Carniel, Maurizio Prato, Davide Gorelli, Giampiero Cai, Massimo Nepi, Cecilia Del Casino, Università degli studi di Trieste, Università degli Studi di Siena ( UNISI ), Centre interuniversitaire de recherche et d'ingenierie des matériaux ( CIRIMAT ), Institut National Polytechnique [Toulouse] ( INP ) -Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), CIC BiomaGUNE, Università degli Studi di Siena = University of Siena (UNISI), Centre interuniversitaire de recherche et d'ingenierie des matériaux (CIRIMAT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), CIC BiomaGUNE [Espagne], Candotto Carniel, Fabio, Gorelli, Davide, Flahaut, Emmanuel, Fortuna, Lorenzo, Del Casino, Cecilia, Cai, Giampiero, Nepi, Massimo, Prato, Maurizio, Tretiach, Mauro, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Centro de Investigación Cooperativa en Biomateriales - CIC biomaGUNE (SPAIN), Università degli Studi di Siena - UNISI (ITALY), Università degli studi di Trieste (ITALY), and Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche et d'Ingénierie des Matériaux - CIRIMAT (Toulouse, France)
Subjects: [ SDV.BV ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Materials Science (miscellaneous), Intracellular pH, Nicotiana tabacum, media_common.quotation_subject, graphene, nanomaterials, nanoparticles, pollen, [ SDV.TOX.ECO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology, 02 engineering and technology, Ingénierie de l'environnement, 010501 environmental sciences, medicine.disease_cause, Ecotoxicologie, 01 natural sciences, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Environmental impact, Pollen, medicine, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Ecotoxicity, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, media_common, Graphene oxide, biology, Chemistry, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Reproduction, food and beverages, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, biology.organism_classification, Sexual reproduction, Horticulture, Germination, nanoparticles, Pollen tube, nanomaterial, [SDV.TOX.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology, Elongation, 0210 nano-technology, Biologie végétale, Seed plants
Abstract: The production of graphene based materials (GBMs) is steadily increasing but the effects of the possible release of GBMs in the environment are far from being understood. Graphene oxide (GO) is among the most active GBMs and it causes widely varying effects on the vegetative body of seed plants. However, nothing is known yet about its potential effects on the reproductive process. This study addresses the effects of GO on pollen germination and pollen tube elongation in the model species Nicotiana tabacum and in the non-model species Corylus avellana. In vitro germination experiments were conducted without or with GO (control and treated samples, respectively) at concentrations of 25, 50 and 100 μg mL−1. Pollen germination and tube elongation were affected at GO concentrations ≥50 μg mL−1, decreasing by 20% and 19% in N. tabacum and by 68% and 58% in C. avellana, respectively. GO did not affect the viability of N. tabacum pollen, but doubled the frequency of bent tubes. Microscopy observations of pollen tubes exposed to a cell-permeant, dual-excitation ratiometric pH indicator revealed that GO affected the intracellular pH homeostasis. Further germination experiments on C. avellana conducted by inverting the pH conditions of the control and treated (100 μg GO mL−1) samples demonstrated that the main factor influencing the pollen performance is the acidic properties of GO. This might affect the reproductive process of numerous seed plants thus being relevant from an environmental point of view.
Published: 2018
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19. Erratum to 'Temporal multiscaling characteristics of particulate matter PM 10 and ground-level ozone O 3 concentrations in Caribbean region' [Atmos. Environ. 169 (2017) 22–35]

Author: CALIF , Rudy, Plocoste , Thomas, Laboratoire de Recherche en Géosciences et Énergies ( LaRGE ), and Université des Antilles et de la Guyane ( UAG )
Subjects: ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018
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20. A comprehensive two-phase flow model for unidirectional sheet-flows

Author: Julien Chauchat, Laboratoire des écoulements géophysiques et industriels ( LEGI ), Université de Grenoble-Alpes-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology ( Grenoble INP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire des Écoulements Géophysiques et Industriels [Grenoble] (LEGI ), and Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])
Subjects: Drift velocity, Materials science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, K-epsilon turbulence model, Flow (psychology), [ PHYS.MECA.MEFL ] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanics of the fluids [physics.class-ph], Particle-laden flows, Mechanics, 01 natural sciences, Shields parameter, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matter, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, Rheology, Mixing length model, 0103 physical sciences, Geotechnical engineering, [PHYS.MECA.MEFL]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Fluid mechanics [physics.class-ph], Two-phase flow, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract: In this paper a comprehensive one-dimensional two-phase flow model for sediment transport under sheet-flow conditions is presented. The model is based on the dense granular flow rheology for the intergranular stresses and on a mixing length model for the Reynolds shear stress. A drift velocity model is introduced to represent the vertical dispersion effects. Recent experimental data are used to improve the mixing length model and the numerical model is validated for four configurations. The model is further assessed by comparing the dependence of the sediment transport rate and the sheet layer thickness on the Shields number. The good agreement with experimental data confirms the capability of the model formulation to reproduce unidirectional sheet-flows. The agreement with the latest kinetic theory of granular flows based model demonstrate that the dense granular flow rheology can be used as an alternative approach to kinetic theory in two-phase flow models.
Published: 2018
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21. 5th European Conference on Permafrost, Book of Abstract

Author: Deline , Philip, Bodin , Xavier, Ravanel , Ludovic, Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne ( EDYTEM ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Edited by Philip Deline, Xavier Bodin and Ludovic Ravanel, and Co-editors: Chloé Barboux, Reynald Delaloye, Christophe Lambiel, Florence Magnin, Marco Marcer, Paolo Pogliotti, Philippe Schoeneich
Subjects: [ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [ SDE.ES ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [ SHS.GEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018

22. Promoting ecological restoration in France: issues and solutions

Author: Buisson , Elise, Jaunatre , Renaud, Regnery , Baptiste, Marthe , Lucas, Alignan , Jean François, Heckenroth , Alma, Muller , Isabelle, Bernez , Ivan, Combroux , Isabelle, MOUSSARD , Stéphanie, Glasser , Thibault, JUND , Simon, Lelièvre , Samuel, Malaval , Sandra, VÉCRIN-STABLO , Marie-Pierre, Gallet , Sébastien, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Observatoire Régional de l’Environnement Poitou-Charentes (ORE Poitou-Charentes), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Laboratoire Image, Ville, Environnement (LIVE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groupement d’Intérêt Public Seine-Aval (GIP-Seine-Aval), Département de la Moselle, SINBIO [Siège social], Espaces Verts Sportifs et Forestiers, Conservatoire Botanique National des Pyrénées et Midi-Pyrénées, Institut de Géoarchitecture, Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Brestois des Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IBSHS), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Brest (UBO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU), Laboratoire image, ville et environnement (Strasbourg), Laboratoire Image, Ville, Environnement [Strasbourg] (LIVE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Pôle Régional des Savoirs, SINBIO, Institut Brestois des Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IBSHS), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale ( IMBE ), Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse ( UAPV ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre de Grenoble [IRSTEA], Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture ( IRSTEA ), Observatoire Régional de l’Environnement Poitou-Charentes ( ORE Poitou-Charentes ), Laboratoire Image, Ville, Environnement [Strasbourg] ( LIVE ), Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ), Groupement d’Intérêt Public Seine-Aval ( GIP-Seine-Aval ), Institut Brestois des Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société ( IBSHS ), Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Maison des Sciences de l'Homme de Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques ( IBNM ), and Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS )
Subjects: [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, applied science, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [ SDV.EE.ECO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, compensate or offset impacts on biodiversity, horizontal communication, [ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, mitigation hierarchy, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, knowledge sharing, [ SDE.ES ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society
Abstract: [Departement_IRSTEA]Territoires [TR1_IRSTEA]SEDYVIN; International audience; Ecological restoration has developed greatly over recent decades. Promoting harmonious relationships between scientists and practitioners, between restoration ecology and ecological restoration, is essential to improving restoration projects. These relationships are difficult to achieve at a global scale, although international action remains essential. Therefore, regional and national networks are attempting to take up the challenge. With several European countries planning to create their own network in the coming years, insights from current practice are helpful. Here, we (1) describe the context in which ecological restoration is developing in France and (2) present the French restoration network, Réseau d'Echanges et de Valorisation en Ecologie de la Restauration (REVER). Most public policies related to restoration in France are derived from European Union (EU) directives, such as those on water, ecological networks, biodiversity, and protected species and natural habitat. Restoration can also be undertaken through Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) or subsequent to damage. Following the model of the International Society for Ecological Restoration, the French network for ecological restoration (REVER) aims at accompanying and promoting restoration by facilitating relationships between the various stakeholders: practitioners, scientists, site managers, etc. To encourage exchange of knowledge and experience, REVER manages a website, organizes workshops, and provides links with SER‐Europe and Society for Ecological Restoration International (SERI). This article provides information that will be of interest to other countries trying to meet the Aichi targets of the convention on biological diversity: the restoration of 15% of degraded ecosystems by 2020.
Published: 2018
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23. Emplacements optimaux de rejets pour la recharge de réservoirs hydriques à l’aide d’eaux usées traitées - application au cas d’étude du lac de Jaunay

Author: Crespo Moya, Maria, Orsoni, Julien, Bortoli, Jérôme, Rapaport, Alain, Rousseau, Antoine, Jauzein, Vincent, Université de Montpellier (UM), Mathématiques, Informatique et STatistique pour l'Environnement et l'Agronomie (MISTEA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Vendée Eau, Littoral, Environment: MOdels and Numerics (LEMON), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut Montpelliérain Alexander Grothendieck (IMAG), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Hydrosciences Montpellier (HSM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SAUR - Direction de la Recherche et Développement, SAUR, Labex Numev, ANR-10-LABX-0020,NUMEV,Digital and Hardware Solutions and Modeling for the Environement and Life Sciences(2010), Mathématiques, Informatique et STatistique pour l'Environnement et l'Agronomie ( MISTEA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier ( Montpellier SupAgro ), Université de Montpellier ( UM ), Littoral, Environnement : Méthodes et Outils Numériques ( LEMON ), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée ( CRISAM ), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ), Labex NUMEV, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Littoral, Environnement : Méthodes et Outils Numériques (LEMON), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and ANR: 10-LABX-0020,NUMEV,Digital and Hardware Solutions and Modeling for the Environement and Life Sciences(2010)
Subjects: lac, [ MATH.MATH-OC ] Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], modélisation informatique, water resources management, optimisation multiobjective, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Mécanique des fluides, stratégie optimale, computational modelling, pollutant propagation, wastewater reuse, réutilisation des eaux usées traitées, gestion des ressources en eau, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, mathématiques appliquées, multi-objective optimization, [ SPI.FLUID ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Reactive fluid environment, Optimization and Control, réutilisation des eaux usées, propagation de polluant, modélisation computationnelle, optimisation multi-objectif, Fluids mechanics, Optimisation et contrôle, [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], eaux usées, modélisation
Abstract: In this work, we study optimal strategies of wastewater reuse for refilling a large hydric reservoir (such as lake, pond, lagoon…) which shows an alarming volume reduction due to the human water intake. To grasp the multiple issues to ascertain the appropriate location for the reused water discharge, computational modelling is particularly adapted for testing different conditions (physical, meteorological) and optimizing the system to achieve targets (maximum allowable concentration of pollutant for drinking water and recreational uses). We focus on modelling the distribution of a generic pollutant in the reservoir, which is expected to vary with time and space. The model assumes that the reservoir volume stays constant (because the flow rates at the refilling and removal points are considered to be quasi-identical), the density of the pollutant is smaller than that of the reservoir water (so that the pollutant remains at the top level of the water column) and its dynamics is influenced by two main effects: wind and water currents. The model accounts for the reservoir geometry, the operating conditions of the transfer pipes (input and output) and real data regarding chronicles of wind velocity and river flow. Then, we tackle a multi-optimization problem which aims to find optimal refilling locations which reduce the pollutant concentration at two strategic regions of the reservoir. A Pareto front is presented as a decision-tool to choose the optimal strategy according to different water quality criteria. The methodology has been applied in the case of Jaunay Lake, a water reservoir located on the French western coast., Dans ce travail, nous étudions des stratégies optimales de réutilisation d’eaux usées pour le remplissage d’un grand réservoir d’eau (lac, étang, lagune…), qui montre une réduction de volume alarmante due à la consommation humaine. Afin d’appréhender les multiples difficultés pour déterminer l'emplacement approprié du point de rejet, la modélisation computationnelle est particulièrement adaptée pour tester différentes conditions (physiques, météorologiques) et optimiser le système pour atteindre des cibles (concentration maximale du polluant pour de l'eau potable et des activités récréatives). Nous nous concentrons sur la modélisation de la distribution d'un polluant générique dans le réservoir qui varie en temps et en espace. Le modèle suppose que le volume du réservoir reste constant (en considérant que les débits aux points du rejet et de la prise d’eau sont quasiment identiques). La densité du polluant est supposée inférieure à celle de l'eau (donc le polluant reste à la surface de la colonne d’eau) et sa dynamique est influencée par deux effets principaux: les courants d’eau et le vent. Le modèle tient compte de la géométrie du réservoir, des conditions du pompage (en entrée et en sortie) et des données réelles concernant les chroniques du vent et du débit de la rivière. Ensuite, nous abordons un problème d’optimisation multi-objectifs qui vise à trouver des emplacements optimaux de recharge qui réduisent la concentration du polluant dans deux régions stratégiques du réservoir. Un front de Pareto est présenté comme un outil de décision qui permet de choisir la stratégie optimale en fonction des différents critères sur la qualité de l'eau. La méthodologie a été appliquée dans le cas du Lac de Jaunay, un réservoir d'eau situé sur la côte ouest française.
Published: 2018
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24. Modelling hydrodynamics of horizontal flow steel slag filters designed to upgrade phosphorus removal in small wastewater treatment plants

Author: Florent Chazarenc, S. Troesch, Nicolas Roche, C Barca, Yves Andres, Laboratoire de Mécanique, Modélisation et Procédés Propres (M2P2), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Epur Nature SAS, Département Systèmes Energétiques et Environnement (IMT Atlantique - DSEE), IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), European Project: RFSP-CT-2009-00028,SLASORB, Laboratoire de Mécanique, Modélisation et Procédés Propres ( M2P2 ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Ecole Centrale de Marseille ( ECM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Aix-Marseille Université - Institut universitaire de technologie ( IUT AMU ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire ( GEPEA ), Mines Nantes ( Mines Nantes ) -Université de Nantes ( UN ) -Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique ( ONIRIS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Qualité des eaux et prévention des pollutions (UR QELY), Centre national du machinisme agricole, du génie rural, des eaux et forêts (CEMAGREF), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), and IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique)
Subjects: Environmental Engineering, Materials science, 0208 environmental biotechnology, Flow (psychology), Mixing (process engineering), Phosphorus removal, Industrial Waste, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Wastewater, Plug flow with dispersion, 01 natural sciences, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, 12. Responsible consumption, Filter (large eddy simulation), Steel slag filters, Multi-flow path model, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Waste Management and Disposal, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Plug flow, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Environmental engineering, Slag, Phosphorus, [ SPI.GPROC ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, General Medicine, Mechanics, Secondary flow, 6. Clean water, 020801 environmental engineering, Steel, visual_art, Particle-size distribution, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Hydrodynamics, Hydrodynamic model, Dispersion (chemistry), Filtration, Tanks in series
Abstract: International audience; Steel slag filters, if well designed and operated, may upgrade phosphorus removal in small wastewater treatment plants such as stabilization ponds and constructed wetlands. The main objective of this study was to develop a systemic modelling approach to describe changes in the hydraulic performances and internal hydrodynamics of steel slag filters under real dynamic operating conditions. The experimental retention time distribution curves (RTD curves) determined from tracer experiments performed at different times during the first year of operation of two field-scale steel slag filters were analyzed through a three stage process. First, a statistical analysis of the RTD curves was performed to determine statistical parameters of the retention time distribution. Second, classical tanks in series (TIS) and plug flow with dispersion (PFD) models were used to obtain a first evaluation of the dispersion and mixing regime. Finally, a multi-flow path TIS model, based on the assumption of several flow paths with different hydraulic properties, is proposed to accurately describe the internal hydrodynamics. Overall, the results of this study indicate that higher CaO content, round shape, and larger grain size distribution of steel slag may promote plug-like flow rather than dispersion. The results of the multi-flow path TIS model suggest that the internal hydrodynamics of steel slag filters can be primarily described by two main flow paths: (i) a faster main flow path showing higher plug flow, followed by (ii) a slower secondary flow path showing higher dispersion. The results also showed that internal hydrodynamics may change over time as a consequence of physical-chemical phenomena occurring in the filter, including accumulation of precipitates, slag hydration and carbonation, and particle segregation.
Published: 2018
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25. Eddy interaction model for turbulent suspension in Reynolds-averaged Euler–Lagrange simulations of steady sheet flow

Author: Tian-Jian Hsu, Zhen Cheng, Julien Chauchat, Joseph Calantoni, Department of Physical Oceanography ( WHOI ), Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Laboratoire des écoulements géophysiques et industriels ( LEGI ), Université de Grenoble-Alpes-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology ( Grenoble INP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), department of civil and environmental engineering [university of delaware], NRL Stennis Space Center, Naval Research Laboratory ( NRL ), Department of Physical Oceanography (WHOI), Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), Laboratoire des Écoulements Géophysiques et Industriels [Grenoble] (LEGI ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), University of Delaware [Newark], and Naval Research Laboratory (NRL)
Subjects: Materials science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Turbulence, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Flow (psychology), [ PHYS.MECA.MEFL ] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanics of the fluids [physics.class-ph], Reynolds number, Mechanics, 01 natural sciences, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, symbols.namesake, Eddy, 0103 physical sciences, Turbulence kinetic energy, symbols, Suspended load, [PHYS.MECA.MEFL]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Fluid mechanics [physics.class-ph], Suspension (vehicle), Sediment transport, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology
Abstract: A Reynolds-averaged Euler–Lagrange sediment transport model (CFDEM-EIM) was developed for steady sheet flow, where the inter-granular interactions were resolved and the flow turbulence was modeled with a low Reynolds number corrected k − ω turbulence closure modified for two-phase flows. To model the effect of turbulence on the sediment suspension, the interaction between the turbulent eddies and particles was simulated with an eddy interaction model (EIM). The EIM was first calibrated with measurements from dilute suspension experiments. We demonstrated that the eddy-interaction model was able to reproduce the well-known Rouse profile for suspended sediment concentration. The model results were found to be sensitive to the choice of the coefficient, C0, associated with the turbulence-sediment interaction time. A value C 0 = 3 was suggested to match the measured concentration in the dilute suspension. The calibrated CFDEM-EIM was used to model a steady sheet flow experiment of lightweight coarse particles and yielded reasonable agreements with measured velocity, concentration and turbulence kinetic energy profiles. Further numerical experiments for sheet flow suggested that when C0 was decreased to C0 1.0). Additional simulations for a range of Shields parameters between 0.3 and 1.2 confirmed that CFDEM-EIM was capable of predicting sediment transport rates similar to empirical formulations. Based on the analysis of sediment transport rate and transport layer thickness, the EIM and the resulting suspended load were shown to be important when the fall parameter is less than 1.25.
Published: 2018
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26. Assess the local electricity consumption: the case of Reunion island through a GIS based method

Author: Fiona Bénard-Sora, Jean-Philippe Praene, Yatina Calixte, Physique et Ingénierie Mathématique pour l'Énergie, l'environnemeNt et le bâtimenT ( PIMENT ), Université de la Réunion ( UR ), Physique et Ingénierie Mathématique pour l'Énergie, l'environnemeNt et le bâtimenT (PIMENT), Université de La Réunion (UR), and Bénard-Sora, Fiona
Subjects: Geographic information system, 020209 energy, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Energy transition, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Energy policy, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, electricity consumption ratio, lcsh:TK1001-1841, 11. Sustainability, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, building typology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Consumption (economics), [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, business.industry, Environmental economics, Energy planning, GIS, lcsh:Production of electric energy or power. Powerplants. Central stations, Fuel Technology, Work (electrical), 13. Climate action, [SDE.IE] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Business, Electricity, Efficient energy use
Abstract: Succeeding energy transition is the current challenging objective of many remote islands such as Reunion Island to reduce their dependency to fossil resources. To define an efficient energy framework strategy for the territory, it is important to be able to assess the electricity consumption intensity per typology of consumers. A particular attention must be paid on building electricity consumption in energy planning scenarios. This paper proposes to investigate the electricity consumption ratio per square meter per building type which appears as a relevant indicator. The proposed methodology aims at filling the lack of data (ratio kWh/m2/ type of consumers) when this information doesn’t exist for a territory. This type of ratio can be useful in two ways: on the one hand to characterize the building energy demand, and, on the other hand, to understand the consumption mode of the inhabitants. We can therefore provide future energy policy framework in favor of demand-side management what is a key step, a lock to solve for the deployment of sustainable cities. This work calculates electricity consumption ratios per area by using a GIS (Geographic Information System) method, distinguishing the type of building. The case of Reunion Island is studied and four building categories are identified corresponding to the functional characteristics such as industry, administration, companies and residential. The results highlight that residential sector has one of the lowest electricity ratios with a value of 29.84 kWh/m2, but also the highest part of electricity consumption, 45.2%. The different ratio value has been cross validated by estimating municipalities electricity consumption based on the distribution of consumers and the associated ratio.
Published: 2018

27. Graphab. 14 réalisations à découvrir. Actes de la journée 'Retour d’expérience sur Graphab' du 27 juin 2017

Author: Xavier Girardet, céline clauzel, Théoriser et modéliser pour aménager (UMR 6049) (ThéMA), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Laboratoire Dynamiques Sociales et Recomposition des Espaces (LADYSS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Théoriser et modéliser pour aménager (UMR 6049), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Théoriser et modéliser pour aménager ( ThéMA ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Laboratoire dynamiques sociales et recomposition des espaces ( LADYSS ), and Université Panthéon-Sorbonne ( UP1 ) -Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis ( UP8 ) -Université Paris Nanterre ( UPN ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )
Subjects: [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, étude d'impact, écologie du paysage, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, trame verte et bleue, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, aménagement, connectivité écologique, écosystème, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [ SDV.EE.ECO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, [ SHS.GEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, [SDV.EE.ECO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, théorie des graphes, [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SDE.IE] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [ SDE.ES ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018

28. A Wide Adsorption Range Hybrid Material Based on Chitosan, Activated Carbon and Montmorillonite for Water Treatment

Author: Farida Bouyahmed, Fabrice Muller, Mohammed Lahcini, Laurence Reinert, Min Cai, Ratan Kumar Dey, Laurent Duclaux, Hicham Benyoucef, Sandrine Delpeux-Ouldriane, Interfaces, Confinement, Matériaux et Nanostructures ( ICMN ), Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Environnement ( LCME ), Université Grenoble Alpes [Saint Martin d'Hères]-Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), Centre for Applied Chemistry Centre for Nanotechnology, Materials Science and Nano-engineering Department, Université Mohammed VI Polytechnique, Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech], Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 ( ISTO ), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) ( BRGM ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Interfaces, Confinement, Matériaux et Nanostructures ( ICMN), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Environnement (LCME), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biogéosystèmes Continentaux - UMR7327, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC)
Subjects: Thermogravimetric analysis, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Chitosan, lcsh:QD241-441, chemistry.chemical_compound, Adsorption, lcsh:Organic chemistry, biopolymer, zinc cation, medicine, activated carbon, clofibric acid, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Cationic polymerization, General Medicine, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, water treatment, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, metoprolol, 0104 chemical sciences, clay minerals, Montmorillonite, chemistry, Chemical engineering, 13. Climate action, adsorption, [ CHIM.MATE ] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, engineering, Biopolymer, 0210 nano-technology, Hybrid material, Activated carbon, medicine.drug
Abstract: International audience; Numerous adsorbent materials are developed and are able to face specific types of pollution, but none of them can manage the whole pollution. The purpose of this work is to develop a novel hybrid adsorbent, based on chitosan (CS) biopolymer, clay minerals and activated carbon (AC), having complementary adsorption properties and achieving a wide-spectrum water decontamination in a single treatment. Hybrid CS beads, containing dispersed clay and AC, were prepared from dispersions of solid adsorbents in a CS solution and its further coagulation in a basic medium. The porosity and the homogeneity of the hybrid beads were characterized by N 2 adsorption at 77 K and Cryo-Scanning Electron Microscopy respectively. The interaction between CS and clay was characterized using X-ray diffraction. Water content and the amount of each adsorbent in the hydrogel beads were determined by thermogravimetric analysis. Such a composite material was still porous and presented a wide adsorption spectrum. As shown by their adsorption kinetics, hydrophobic anionic clofibric acid (CBA) and cationic metoprolol (MTP) were well adsorbed on AC containing beads (21 and 26 mg/g), respectively. Clays containing beads showed interesting adsorption properties towards cationic Zn 2+ and MTP. The obtained composite beads were able to adsorb all the pollutant types: Zinc cations, and hydrophobic-charged organic molecules, such as pharmaceutical derivatives (clofibric acid and MTP).
Published: 2018
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29. Extreme weather, digital media, and big data: following communication trails to investigate urban communities resilience

Author: Vicari, Rosa, Delanoë, Alexandre, Tchiguirinskaia, Ioulia, Schertzer, D, Vicari, Rosa, Hydrologie, Météorologie et Complexité (HM&Co), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC), Institut des Systèmes Complexes - Paris Ile-de-France (ISC-PIF), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Curie [Paris]-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École polytechnique (X)-École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), Hydrologie, Météorologie et Complexité ( HM&Co ), École des Ponts ParisTech ( ENPC ), Institut des Systèmes Complexes - Paris Ile-de-France ( ISC-PIF ), and École normale supérieure - Cachan ( ENS Cachan ) -Université Panthéon-Sorbonne ( UP1 ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -École polytechnique ( X ) -INSTITUT CURIE-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )
Subjects: [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SDE.IE] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [ SDE.ES ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering
Abstract: International audience; Nowadays when extreme weather affects a urban area, huge amounts of digital data are spontaneously produced by the local community on the Internet. These " digital trails " can provide an insight on the interactions existing between climate related risks and the social perception of these risks. This research aims at testing how unstruc-tured Big Data exploration techniques can be employed to monitor these interactions and assess their impact on a city resilience. More specifically, advanced text mining and network representation are used in this work to investigate digital communication patterns in terms of communication frequency, the audience size, as well as the quality of communications, i.e. if disseminated information is understood and accepted. Four corpora of Web communications data related to urban flood events were extracted: press news covering the June 2016 Seine River flood; press news covering the October 2015 Alpes-Maritimes flood; tweets on the Seine River flood; 2003-2017 Public Authorities documents on climate related risk management strategies in Paris Region. The analysis of the corpora involved an iteration between manual and automated extraction of hundreds of key-terms, network representations based on key-terms co-occurrences, automated cluster visualisation based on adjacency matrix. Visual observation of the network coupled to quantitative analysis of its nodes and edges allowed to obtain an in-depth understanding of the most prominent topics and actors, as well as of the connections and clusters that characterise each corpus. Through a comparison of the four corpora, it was possible to observe how these patterns change in the context of two different weather extreme events, in a short term perspective (in the journalistic and the social media spheres) and in a long term perspective (in the policy making sphere). These analysis illustrate that digital research can bring out the most debated issues in a community, identify the stakeholders that have the capacity to influence the public opinion and the community attitudes towards an issue, policy, project or action. If the analysis is repeated at different time scales and in many locations, it is possible to examine how social construction of reality evolves over time and in various urban contexts. This approach allows to make the link between a short term assessment that focuses on crisis information management and a long term assessment that apprehends the slow evolution of collective memory and representation of climate related threats. This research involved a collaboration with Institut deSystèmes Complexes Paris Île-de-France and it was supported by Veolia in the framework of the Chair Hydrology for Resilient Cities.
Published: 2018

30. Equilibrium modeling of the beach profile on a macrotidal embayed low tide terrace beach

Author: Clara Lemos, France Floc’h, Marissa Yates, Nicolas Le Dantec, Vincent Marieu, Klervi Hamon, Véronique Cuq, Serge Suanez, Christophe Delacourt, Laboratoire Géosciences Océan (LGO), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Brest (IFREMER Centre de Bretagne), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Hydraulique Saint-Venant / Saint-Venant laboratory for Hydraulics (Saint-Venant), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre d'Etudes et d'Expertise sur les Risques, l'Environnement, la Mobilité et l'Aménagement (Cerema)-EDF R&D (EDF R&D), EDF (EDF)-EDF (EDF), Centre d'Etudes et d'Expertise sur les Risques, l'Environnement, la Mobilité et l'Aménagement - Equipe-projet HA (Cerema Equipe-projet HA), Centre d'Etudes et d'Expertise sur les Risques, l'Environnement, la Mobilité et l'Aménagement (Cerema), Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Brest (UBO), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG - Brest), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), INSU - Service National d'Observation (SNO) DYNALIT, ANR-10-LABX-0019,LabexMER,LabexMER Marine Excellence Research: a changing ocean(2010), ANR-10-CEPL-0001,COCORISCO,COnnaissance, COmpréhension et gestion des RIsques COtiers(2010), Laboratoire Géosciences Océan ( LGO ), Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer ( IUEM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ), Laboratoire d'Hydraulique Saint-Venant / Saint-Venant laboratory for Hydraulics ( Saint-Venant ), École des Ponts ParisTech ( ENPC ) -Centre d'Etudes et d'Expertise sur les Risques, l'Environnement, la Mobilité et l'Aménagement ( Cerema ) -EDF R&D ( EDF R&D ), EDF ( EDF ) -EDF ( EDF ), Centre d'Etudes et d'Expertise sur les Risques, l'Environnement, la Mobilité et l'Aménagement - Direction Eau Mer et Fleuves ( Cerema Direction Eau Mer et Fleuves ), Centre d'Etudes et d'Expertise sur les Risques, l'Environnement, la Mobilité et l'Aménagement ( Cerema ), Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques ( EPOC ), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers ( OASU ), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Brest ( UBO ), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique ( LETG - Brest ), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique ( LETG ), Université de Caen Normandie ( UNICAEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ) -Université d'Angers ( UA ) -Université de Nantes ( UN ) -École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Université de Rennes 2 ( UR2 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Caen Normandie ( UNICAEN ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), ANR-10-LABX-0019/10-LABX-0019,LabexMER,LabexMER Marine Excellence Research: a changing ocean ( 2010 ), and ANR-10-CEPL-0001,COCORISCO,COnnaissance, COmpréhension et gestion des RIsques COtiers ( 2010 )
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Equilibrium model, Intertidal zone, Forcing (mathematics), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Oceanography, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, Cross-shore processes, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Macrotidal, [ SDE ] Environmental Sciences, 14. Life underwater, [SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Wave power, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, [ SDU.STU.GM ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Elevation, Intertidal profile, Equilibrium modeling, Water level, Terrace (geology), Inflection point, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Low tide terrace, Geology
Abstract: International audience; Eleven-year long time series of monthly beach profile surveys and hourly incident wave conditions are analyzed for a macrotidal Low Tide Terrace beach. The lower intertidal zone of the beach has a pluriannual cycle, whereas the upper beach profile has a predominantly seasonal cycle. An equilibrium model is applied to study the variation of the contour elevation positions in the intertidal zone as a function of the wave energy, wave power, and water level. When forcing the model with wave energy, the predictive ability of the equilibrium model is around 60% in the upper intertidal zone but decreases to 40% in the lower intertidal zone. Using wave power increases the predictive ability up to 70% in both the upper and lower intertidal zones. However, changes around the inflection point are not well predicted. The equilibrium model is then extended to take into account the effects of the tide level. The initial results do not show an increase in the predictive capacity of the model, but do allow the model free parameters to represent more accurately the values expected in a macrotidal environment. This allows comparing the empirical model calibration in different tidal environment. The interpretation of the model free parameter variation across the intertidal zone highlights the behavior of the different zones along the intertidal beach profile. This contributes to a global interpretation of the four model parameters for beaches with different tidal ranges, and therefore to a global model applicable at a wide variety sites.
Published: 2018
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31. Une méthode multi-objective incrémentale pour la sectorisation de grands réseaux d'eau

Author: Edo Abraham, Olivier Piller, Idel Montalvo, Denis Gilbert, Environnement, territoires et infrastructures (UR ETBX), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management [Delft], Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), IngeniousWare GmbH, Environnement, territoires et infrastructures ( UR ETBX ), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture ( IRSTEA ), and Delft University of Technology ( TU Delft )
Subjects: Engineering, Mathematical optimization, Distribution networks, 0208 environmental biotechnology, Geography, Planning and Development, QUALITE DE L'EAU, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, water quality, 01 natural sciences, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], pressure, Design objective, Pressure management, RESEAU DE DISTRIBUTION D'EAU, [MATH]Mathematics [math], water distribution system, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, Civil and Structural Engineering, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, business.industry, OPTIMISATION, [INFO.INFO-RO]Computer Science [cs]/Operations Research [cs.RO], PRESSION, 6. Clean water, 020801 environmental engineering, Convex optimization, business, optimization
Abstract: International audience; This paper considers the sectoring of a large water distribution network into district metered areas (DMAs) and simultaneously optimizes rehabilitation of the network with new pipes, control valves, and storage tanks. Because available water resources are much lower in the dry season, both the design and operational settings are optimized to satisfy water-demand, water-quality, and pressure constraints, as well as efficiency indices under stringent conditions. Because of the heterogeneity of the multiple decision variables and the complicated way they interact through the multiple objectives (some complimentary and some conflicting), it is not possible to fully automate the simultaneous sectorization, rehabilitation, and operational optimization. Therefore, a multistage approach is used where engineering judgment and network graph simplification and visualization tools are used to find a good feasible solution that serves as a first guess for further optimization of sectors and operational settings, to achieve feasible solutions with better cost of implementation, demand similarity among DMAs, and better pressure uniformity in operations. A multiobjective agent swarm optimization framework is used to iteratively change the sectors at the boundaries. For the final configuration, sequential linear programming is used to find optimal valve and pump settings.
Published: 2017
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32. Optimisation des pratiques de gestion des déchets agricoles en lien avec leur valorisation par méthanisation

Author: Teixeira Franco , Ruben, Déchets Eaux Environnement Pollutions ( DEEP ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon ( INSA Lyon ), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ), Université de Lyon, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon, Pierre Buffière, and Rémy Bayard
Subjects: Fumier de bovin, Déchets agricoles, Cattle manure, Stockage, Agricultural wastes, Anaerobic Digestion, Storage, [ SPI.GPROC ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Potentiel bio-méthanogène, [ CHIM ] Chemical Sciences, Modelling, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Catch crops, Méthanisation, Modélisation, Biomasse, Ensiling, Biochemical methane potential, Cultures à vocation énergétique, Biomass, Ensilage, [ CHIM.GENI ] Chemical Sciences/Chemical engineering
Abstract: Like other European countries, France is currently mobilizing for the energy recovery of its agricultural wastes by anaerobic digestion. Nevertheless, the production of these resources undergoes several fluctuations throughout the year. Consequently, in order to allow the continuous supply of biogas plants, these raw materials must be often stored for long periods (several months).This thesis focuses on the optimization of agricultural wastes management practices before anaerobic digestion. Different storage conditions were studied, notably the open-air storage and ensiling, with the aim of improving the conservation of the biochemical methane potential and optimizing the conversion of organic matter during anaerobic digestion.An original experimental methodology was developed and implemented for the multiphasic characterization of biomass at different stages of its management and storage, including analysis on the different biochemical fractions and bioavailability of carbon for anaerobic digestion. First, this methodology was applied to the preparation and long-term storage of catch crops. This evidenced a major advantage of using ensiling rather than open-air storage for the preservation of biomass and methane potential. Second, long-term storage trials were conducted for cattle manure. These experiments highlighted the poor conservation of manure and the benefits of co-substrates in the improvement of storage performances under ensiling conditions. To explain the major mechanisms that occur during the ensiling process, a modelling approach was used to synthesize and interpret the results. Finally, this research work led to the identification of good conservation practices for the major feedstocks of agricultural biogas plants.; A l’instar d’autres pays européens, la France se mobilise actuellement pour la valorisation énergétique de ses déchets agricoles par méthanisation. Néanmoins, la production d’une partie de ces ressources n’est pas constante toute au long de l’année. En conséquence, afin de permettre l'approvisionnement continu des installations de biogaz, elles doivent être conservées parfois pendant de longues périodes (plusieurs mois).Cette thèse porte sur l’optimisation des pratiques de gestion des ressources agricoles avant méthanisation. Différentes conditions de stockage ont été étudiées, en particulier le stockage aérobie ainsi que l’ensilage, dans l’optique de l’amélioration de la conservation du potentiel bio-méthanogène et de l’optimisation de la conversion de la matière organique lors de la méthanisation.Grâce à une méthode expérimentale originale, la caractérisation multiphasique des déchets à différents stades de leur gestion a été mise en oeuvre, à la fois sur les compartiments biochimiques et sur la biodisponibilité du carbone pour la méthanisation. Dans une première partie, la préparation et le stockage de cultures intermédiaires à vocation énergétique ont été étudiés au laboratoire. Les résultats obtenus ont permis de démontrer l’avantage majeur de l’ensilage plutôt que le stockage à l’air libre pour la conservation du pouvoir méthanogène. Deuxièmement, des essais de stockage de longue durée ont été réalisés pour des fumiers de bovin. Ces expériences ont permis de mettre en évidence la mauvaise conservation des fumiers et l’intérêt de l’utilisation de co-substrats pour améliorer la performance du stockage en conditions d’ensilage. Afin d’expliquer les mécanismes majeurs qui se produisent au cours de l’ensilage, une approche de modélisation a été utilisée pour synthétiser et interpréter les résultats. Ces travaux de recherche ont permis d’identifier les bonnes pratiques de gestion pour les intrants de méthanisation agricole afin d’optimiser au mieux la conservation des ressources.
Published: 2017

33. Towards better traceability of field sampling data

Author: Plumejeaud-Perreau , Christine, Linyer , Hector, Pignol , Cécile, Cipière , Sébastien, Quinton , eric, Ancelin , Julien, Heintz , Wilfried, Damy , Sylvie, Raoul , Francis, Clemens , Anne, Dujardin , Florence, Moal , Françoise Le, Montargès-Pelletier , Emmanuelle, Bretagnolle , Vincent, LTSER Zone Atelier Plaine & Val de Sèvre, LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMR 7266 (LIENSs), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LTSER Zone Atelier Alpes, Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux (UR EABX), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Domaine expérimental de Saint-Laurent-de-la-Prée (ST LAURENT DE LA PREE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Dynamiques Forestières dans l'Espace Rural (DYNAFOR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Zone Atelier Bassin du Rhône, Zone Atelier Basson du Rhône, École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMRi 7266 (LIENSs), LTSER «Zone Atelier Plaine & Val de Sevre» [France], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Terre et Environnement de Lorraine (OTELo), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Terre et Environnement de Lorraine (OTELo), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMR 7266 ( LIENSs ), Université de La Rochelle ( ULR ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne ( EDYTEM ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux ( UR EABX ), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture ( IRSTEA ), Domaine expérimental de Saint-Laurent-de-la-Prée ( ST LAURENT DE LA PREE ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Dynamiques Forestières dans l'Espace Rural ( DYNAFOR ), Institut National Polytechnique [Toulouse] ( INP ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers - Rhône-Alpes ( CNAM Rhône-Alpes ), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] ( CNAM ), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] ( ECOBIO ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -INEE-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes ( OSUR ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux ( LIEC ), Université de Lorraine ( UL ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), and Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 ( CEBC )
Subjects: [ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [ SDE.ES ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society
Abstract: Poster; International audience; Ensuring traceability of field experimental data or laboratory sampling data to conduct reproducible research is a challenge at the present time. Between the time when geolocalized specimens (biotic or abiotic) are taken, and the time the resulting data ends up in analysis published within a study, many manual operations take place and may generate errors. The French LTSER have joined forces at the national level to propose a solution as generic as possible to this problem of monitoring of the samples and the data associated with them. Compared to existing solutions (such as Laboratory Information Management Systems), we target a robust labeling solution adapted to outdoor working conditions, with the management of stocks and movements of samples. We designed and realized a prototype tested from end to end, using an open source software (https://github.com/Irstea/collec), cheap Zebra printers (mobile or not) and raspberries as devices. This solution provides sufficient flexibility for the wide variety of existing protocols. Its strength is the record of all contextual data associated with the samples, which constitute important parameters of the subsequent analyzes. At last, not only traceability is guaranteed, but also a gain of time and a rationalization of the storage of samples that will induce a return on investment.
Published: 2017

34. Phytodesalination of road runoff by a halophytic plant: Atriplex hortensis

Author: Colin , Carole, Suaire , Rémi, Durickovic , Ivana, Framont-Terrasse , Lucie, Leblain , Jean-Yves, De Rouck , Anne-Claire, Centre d'Etudes et d'Expertise sur les Risques, l'Environnement, la Mobilité et l'Aménagement - Direction Est ( Cerema Direction Est ), Centre d'Etudes et d'Expertise sur les Risques, l'Environnement, la Mobilité et l'Aménagement ( Cerema ), Centre d'Etudes et d'Expertise sur les Risques, l'Environnement, la Mobilité et l'Aménagement - Direction Nord-Picardie ( Cerema Direction Nord-Picardie ), Centre d'Etudes et d'Expertise sur les Risques, l'Environnement, la Mobilité et l'Aménagement - Direction Est (Cerema Direction Est), Centre d'Etudes et d'Expertise sur les Risques, l'Environnement, la Mobilité et l'Aménagement (Cerema), Centre d'Etudes et d'Expertise sur les Risques, l'Environnement, la Mobilité et l'Aménagement - Equipe-projet TEAM (Cerema Equipe-projet TEAM), and Centre d'Etudes et d'Expertise sur les Risques, l'Environnement, la Mobilité et l'Aménagement - Direction Nord-Picardie (Cerema Direction Nord-Picardie)
Subjects: [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2017

35. Simultaneous records of current and 380-km distant electric field of a bipolar lightning flash

Author: Amirhossein Mostajabi, Vladimir A. Rakov, Marcos Rubinstein, Davide Pavanello, Gerhard Diendorfer, Mario Paolone, Farhad Rachidi, Mohammad Azadifar, Hannes Pichler, Wolfgang Schulz, Electromagnetic Compatibility Laboratory ( EMC LAB ), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne ( EPFL ), University of Applied Sciences of Western Switzerland, Österreichischer Verband für Elektrotechnik ( OVE ), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering [Florida] ( ECE ), University of Florida [Gainesville], Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Distributed Energy Systems Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), European Project : 737033,LLR, Electromagnetic Compatibility Laboratory (EMC LAB), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Österreichischer Verband für Elektrotechnik (OVE), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering [Gainesville] (UF|ECE), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Institute of Applied Physics of RAS, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), and European Project: 737033,LLR
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], Physics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Meteorology, Field (physics), [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, business.industry, Ionospheric reflection, 01 natural sciences, Lightning, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Pulse (physics), Flash (photography), Optics, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], Electric field, 0103 physical sciences, Reflection (physics), Waveform, business, lightning, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; In this paper, we present and discuss simultaneous records of current and wideband electric field waveforms at 380 km distance from the strike point associated with an upward bipolar flash initiated from the Säntis Tower. The flash contains 23 negative strokes and one positive stroke. The height of the ionospheric reflection for the positive pulse was inferred to be about 94.9 km, a value which is significantly higher than for negative pulses of this same flash, which range from 73 to 81 km. It is also found that the ratio of the peak field to the current peak is about two times smaller for the positive pulse compared to negative pulses. This difference can be attributed to a lower return stroke speed for the positive stroke compared to that for negative strokes, and also to the fact that the enhancement of the electric field due to the presence of the tower and the mountain might be more significant for negative pulses, which are characterized by faster risetimes, than for the positive pulse. Keywords—Bipolar lightning flash, simultaneous current and field measurement, ionospheric reflection, field-to-current conversion factor
Published: 2017
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36. Caractérisation des Eaux Ménagères domestiques et de 3 filières de traitement associées Rapport d'étude de suivi in situ

Author: BRUN , Florent, Merotto , Christophe, Torrent , Bastien, Campan , Célia, Réseau de l'Assainissement Ecologique ( RAE ), Agence de l'Eau Adour-Garonne (FRANCE), Réseau de l'Assainissement Ecologique, Pôle d'Eco-Assainissement des Baronnies Provençales, Réseau de l'Assainissement Ecologique (RAE), and Agence de l'Eau Adour-Garonne
Subjects: [ SDE ] Environmental Sciences, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering
Published: 2017

37. Restauration de la connectivité écologique : proposition méthodologique pour une localisation optimisée des passages à faune

Author: Girardet , Xavier, Théoriser et modéliser pour aménager (UMR 6049) (ThéMA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Xavier Girardet, Céline Clauzel, Théoriser et modéliser pour aménager ( ThéMA ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Théoriser et modéliser pour aménager (UMR 6049), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)
Subjects: [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [ SDV.EE.ECO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, [ SHS.GEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, [SDV.EE.ECO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SDE.IE] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [ SDE.ES ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: National audience
Published: 2017

38. Évaluation de l'impact potentiel d'une infrastructure sur la connectivité des mares

Author: Xavier Girardet, céline clauzel, Théoriser et modéliser pour aménager (UMR 6049) (ThéMA), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Laboratoire Dynamiques Sociales et Recomposition des Espaces (LADYSS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Xavier Girardet, Céline Clauzel, Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Théoriser et modéliser pour aménager ( ThéMA ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Laboratoire dynamiques sociales et recomposition des espaces ( LADYSS ), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne ( UP1 ) -Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis ( UP8 ) -Université Paris Nanterre ( UPN ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Théoriser et modéliser pour aménager (UMR 6049), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)
Subjects: [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [ SDV.EE.ECO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, [ SHS.GEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, [SDV.EE.ECO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SDE.IE] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [ SDE.ES ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: National audience
Published: 2017

39. Quantifier la contribution des espaces verts d'entreprise aux connectivités écologiques d'Île-de-France

Author: Serret, Hortense, Raymond, Richard, Foltête, Jean-Christophe, Clergeau, Philippe, Simon, Laurent, Machon, Nathalie, EWHA Womans University (EWHA), Laboratoire Dynamiques Sociales et Recomposition des Espaces (LADYSS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Théoriser et modéliser pour aménager (UMR 6049) (ThéMA), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la COnservation (CESCO), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Xavier Girardet, Céline Clauzel, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), EWHA Womans University ( EWHA ), Laboratoire dynamiques sociales et recomposition des espaces ( LADYSS ), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne ( UP1 ) -Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis ( UP8 ) -Université Paris Nanterre ( UPN ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Théoriser et modéliser pour aménager ( ThéMA ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la COnservation ( CESCO ), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle ( MNHN ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Théoriser et modéliser pour aménager (UMR 6049), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)
Subjects: [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [ SDV.EE.ECO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, [ SHS.GEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, [SDV.EE.ECO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SDE.IE] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [ SDE.ES ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2017

40. Création et réhabilitation de passages à faune favorables à plusieurs espèces : cas d'étude dans le Grésivaudan

Author: céline clauzel, Anne Mimet, Jean-Christophe Foltête, Laboratoire Dynamiques Sociales et Recomposition des Espaces (LADYSS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Synthesis Centre for Biodiversity Sciences, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Théoriser et modéliser pour aménager (UMR 6049) (ThéMA), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Xavier Girardet, Céline Clauzel, Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Théoriser et modéliser pour aménager (UMR 6049), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire dynamiques sociales et recomposition des espaces ( LADYSS ), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne ( UP1 ) -Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis ( UP8 ) -Université Paris Nanterre ( UPN ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Théoriser et modéliser pour aménager ( ThéMA ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and MOELLIC, Béatrice
Subjects: [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, passage à faune, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [ SHS.ENVIR ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [ SDV.EE.ECO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, [ SHS.GEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Grésivaudan, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, [SHS.ENVIR] Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, [ SHS ] Humanities and Social Sciences, [SDV.EE.ECO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SDE.IE] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [ SDE.ES ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2017

41. Prise en compte des réseaux écologiques dans le choix du tracé d'une infrastructure de transport

Author: Girardet , Xavier, Théoriser et modéliser pour aménager ( ThéMA ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Xavier Girardet, Céline Clauzel, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Théoriser et modéliser pour aménager (UMR 6049), Théoriser et modéliser pour aménager (UMR 6049) (ThéMA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)
Subjects: [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [ SDV.EE.ECO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, [ SHS.GEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, [SDV.EE.ECO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SDE.IE] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [ SDE.ES ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society
Abstract: National audience
Published: 2017

42. Individual choices influence on value chain sustainability

Author: Petit , G, Yannou-Le Bris , G, Trystram , G., Ingénierie, Procédés, Aliments (GENIAL), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Laboratoire Génie Industriel - EA 2606 (LGI), CentraleSupélec, AgroParisTech, Ingénierie Procédés Aliments ( GENIAL ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -AgroParisTech-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] ( CNAM ), and Laboratoire Génie Industriel - EA 2606 ( LGI )
Subjects: [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, [ SHS.GESTION ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2017

43. Mesure agro-environnementales soutenir la lutte contre le campagnol terrestre à l’échelle du paysage

Author: PERROT , ELODIE, Girardet , Xavier, Territoires (Territoires), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-AgroParisTech-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Théoriser et modéliser pour aménager (UMR 6049) (ThéMA), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Xavier Girardet, Céline Clauzel, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Mainet, Helene, Territoires - UMR 1273 (Territoires), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), UMR Territoires - Clermont Auvergne ( UMR Territoires ), AgroParisTech-VetAgro Sup ( VAS ) -Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture ( IRSTEA ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Clermont Auvergne ( UCA ) -Institut national de la recherche agronomique [Auvergne/Rhône-Alpes] ( INRA Auvergne/Rhône-Alpes ), Théoriser et modéliser pour aménager ( ThéMA ), and Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC )
Subjects: [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [ SHS.GEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [ SDV.EE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SDE.IE] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [ SDE.ES ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2017

44. Public outreach, participatory communication, and communication impact assessment in Paris flood resilience policies

Author: Vicari , Rosa, Tchiguirinskaia , Ioulia, Schertzer , D, Hydrologie, Météorologie et Complexité ( HM&Co ), École des Ponts ParisTech ( ENPC ), and Vicari, Rosa
Subjects: [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SDE.IE] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [ SDE.ES ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering
Abstract: International audience; Adverse social impacts can reduce the intended benefits of a project aimed to reduce flood risks, and can threaten its viability if they are severe enough. In some other cases, the diverse impacts may mutually counterbalance each other, by furthermore strengthening and amplifying the social resilience. Social changes include those associated with the phenomenon known as the social construction of reality. In the case of proposed actions that involve controversy, attitudes and perceptions toward a proposed policy change are one of the variables that must be considered in determining the significance of impacts. This research entails an analysis of public authorities strategic documents developed during the last ten years in the context of strengthening Paris flood resilience. The review highlights a clear trend to encourage citizen participation and to share responsibilities with the population. This trend does not only express a political will to apply the principle of subsidiarity and decentralise risk management, it also springs from a growing awareness among public institutions of the impact that social construction of the reality can have. Hence the communication between local governments and citizens, especially a two-ways dialogue (i.e. participatory communication), has become a keystone of resilience strategies since it facilitates mutual understanding, shared goals identification and cooperation. More and more frequently flood resilience projects entail a communication strategy or focus on communication actions. However not all these project identify clear communication objectives, target audiences or monitor communication impact. Measuring communication indicators allows decision makers to compare the costs of communication actions with the economic, environmental, social, and sanitary costs of non-action. Those metrics also help to set up clear communication objectives at the beginning of a project, to evaluate and improve management capacities, to increase transparency and stakeholder involvement during and after a project. This research is being undertaken in partnership with Veolia.
Published: 2017

45. Mapping media representation of the Seine river flood to assess the impact of communication on Paris resilience

Author: Vicari, Rosa, Tchiguirisnkaia, Ioulia, Schertzer, D, Hydrologie, Météorologie et Complexité ( HM&Co ), École des Ponts ParisTech ( ENPC ), Veolia, Chair Hydrology for Resilient Cities, and Vicari, Rosa
Subjects: [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SDE.IE] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [ SDE.ES ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2017

46. Wave propagation through dense vertical cylinder arrays: Interference process and specific surface effects on damping

Author: Fabrice Gouaud, Julien Touboul, Gwendoline Arnaud, Bernard Molin, Vincent Rey, Damien Sous, Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie ( MIO ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Recherche sur les Phénomènes Hors Equilibre ( IRPHE ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Ecole Centrale de Marseille ( ECM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), ACRI-IN, acri, Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche sur les Phénomènes Hors Equilibre (IRPHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)
Subjects: [ SDU.OCEAN ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, specific surface, Materials science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Wave propagation, vertical cylinder array, Ocean Engineering, 01 natural sciences, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Cylinder (engine), law.invention, [SPI.MECA.MEFL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Fluids mechanics [physics.class-ph], Physics::Fluid Dynamics, [ SDE ] Environmental Sciences, Optics, Wave flume, law, 0103 physical sciences, attenuation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, porous structure, damping, business.industry, Laminar flow, Mechanics, experiments, Dissipation, Wavelength, wave flume, [ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Drag, [ SPI.MECA.MEFL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Fluids mechanics [physics.class-ph], business, Porous medium, reflection
Abstract: International audience; The purpose of this research work is to study the effect of specific surface s, the fluid–solid contact surface per volume unit, on the wave energy dissipation by porous structures consisting in dense arrays of emergent vertical cylinders. Experiments have been carried out in a 10 m long wave flume. Three cylinder diameters D are considered in order to study the effects of the specific surface while keeping the porosity constant. In a first series, the length of the porous zone is kept constant for the three cylinder diameters tested. The measurements, which include various wave teepness conditions, demonstrate the role of specific surface s on both wave attenuation and interference processes. The larger the specific surface is, the stronger the wave damping is. Damping is found to be almost proportional to 1/D when laminar, turbulent and inertial effects are of same order. Results are compared to numerical calculations based on either a constant rate of wave damping within the porous medium per unit wavelength or a quadratic damping developed using a force expression based on the work of [26]. This latter model, calibrated with drag and inertia coefficients, shows a good agreement with measurements. In a second series, both porous length and water depth are kept proportional to the cylinder diameter for the three diameters. Scale effects are then discussed and underline the importance of the flow regime within the porous medium.
Published: 2017
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47. Development of a High-Pressure Bubbling Sampler for Trace Element Quantification in Natural Gas

Author: Isabelle Le Hécho, Hervé Carrier, Hervé Garraud, Maxime Cachia, Guilhem Caumette, Brice Bouyssiere, Institut des sciences analytiques et de physico-chimie pour l'environnement et les materiaux (IPREM), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Fluides Complexes et leurs Réservoirs (LFCR), TOTAL FINA ELF-Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique Bio-Inorganique et Environnement (LCABIE), Transport et Infrastructures Gaz France (TIGF), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), TIGF the Conseil Régional d’Aquitaine (20071303002PFM) theFonds Européen de Développement Économique et Régional (FEDER, 31486/08011464) i, Institut des sciences analytiques et de physico-chimie pour l'environnement et les materiaux ( IPREM ), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour ( UPPA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Thermodynamique et Energétique des fluides complexes ( TEFC ), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour ( UPPA ) -TOTAL SA-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique Bio-Inorganique et Environnement ( LCABIE ), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour ( UPPA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour ( UPPA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), TIGF, Conseil Regional d'Aquitaine (20071303002PFM), and FEDER 31486/08011464
Subjects: 020209 energy, General Chemical Engineering, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Analytical chemistry, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Metal, chemistry.chemical_compound, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Natural gas, Nitric acid, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, business.industry, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Permanganate, Sulfuric acid, Volumetric flow rate, Mercury (element), [ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Fuel Technology, chemistry, visual_art, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, visual_art.visual_art_medium, [ CHIM.ANAL ] Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, trace element quantification natural gas high pressure bubbling, Metalloid, business
Abstract: International audience; A high-pressure bubbling sampler has been developed to trap and preconcentrate metals and metalloids from natural gas. This high-pressure sampler was designed to work at pressures up to 100 bar and be directly plugged into distribution and transportation networks. It consists of three vials in series, which contain 50 mL of metal trapping solution and the gas flows at the network pressure with a flow rate up to 40 L/min. The trapping solutions for mercury and other metals are permanganate/sulfuric acid or nitric acid/hydrogen peroxide according to standards EN 13211 and EN 14385. The sampler design, development, and validation steps are presented in this work. First, the trapping vials were tested in the laboratory, where argon gas was spiked with mercury at two different pressures that represented the distribution and transportation networks. The results show that more than 96% of the metal was trapped from the gas phase into the solution for both tested pressures. Moreover, more than 90% of the trapped metal was found in the first vial, which shows the good efficiency of the traps. Finally, the high-pressure bubbling sampler was tested in three field campaigns of natural gas sampling from a transportation network at 60 bar. Each sampling was performed for 5 days with a flow rate of 20 L/min, which makes a total volume of 140 Nm3 of sampled gas. The gas flowed through three vials of 50 mL, which makes a final preconcentration factor of 3 × 106. The trapping solutions were analyzed for trace metal concentrations using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The concentrations were 10–1 ng/Nm3 for barium, from 10–1 to 5 ng/Nm3 for tin, from 0.9 to 10 ng/Nm3 for arsenic and copper, and from 1 to 101 ng/Nm3 for aluminum, selenium, and zinc. The efficiency of the traps and the low measured concentrations make this high-pressure bubbling sampler a useful tool for trace element analyses in natural gas
Published: 2017
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48. Inhibitory effects of sodium azide on microbial growth in experimental resuspension of marine sediment

Author: Marianne Quéméneur, Léa Cabrol, Benjamin Misson, Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Microorganismes : Génome et Environnement (LMGE), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie ( MIO ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Microorganismes : Génome et Environnement ( LMGE ), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 ( UBP ) -Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I ( UdA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), and Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), DNA, Bacterial, Geologic Sediments, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 010501 environmental sciences, Bacterial growth, Biology, qPCRcytometly, [ SDV.MP.BAC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Inhibitory postsynaptic potential, 01 natural sciences, Microbiology, Polymerase Chain Reaction, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Flow cytometry, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Sodium azide (NaN3), medicine, Marine sediment, Sodium Azide, Molecular Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Inhibition, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, medicine.diagnostic_test, Bacteria, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Sterilization, [ SDV.BIO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, biology.organism_classification, Flow Cytometry, Plankton, Microbial growth, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Culture Media, [ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Environmental chemistry, Sodium azide, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: Sodium azide (NaN3) was evaluated as inhibitor of microbial growth and activity in marine sediment resuspensions by monitoring the abundance of free-living and sessile bacteria using both flow cytometry and qPCR methods. Results show that 50 mM of NaN3 strongly inhibits bacterial growth under natural and enriched resource conditions.
Published: 2017
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49. Root Characteristics of Herbaceous Species for Topsoil Stabilization in Restoration Projects

Author: Gilardelli , Federica, Vergani , Chiara, Rodolfo , Gentili, Anne , Bonis, Pierre , Chanteloup, Sandra , Citterio, Chiaradia , Enrico A., Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca [Milano], Bern University of Applied Sciences ( BFH ), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] ( ECOBIO ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -INEE-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes ( OSUR ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie ed Ambientali, Università degli studi di Milano [Milano], and Province of Brescia (Lombardy, Italy)
Subjects: topsoil stability, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Bromus erectus, Anthyllis vulneraria, root reinforcement, Stachys recta, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering
Abstract: International audience; Quarries are highly heterogeneous and constraining environments because of man-induced disturbances associated with soil erosion and shallow mass movements. Recognizing the importance of plant root systems to overcome stability problems, we investigated the contributions of three different herbaceous species typical of calcareous grasslands, that is, Anthyllis vulneraria, Bromus erectus and Stachys recta, to the stability of the superficial layers of dump deposits at limestone quarries in the Botticino extractive basin (Lombardy, Italy). We analysed (i) the root mechanical properties and root diameter distributions of the selected species and estimated (ii) the lateral root reinforcement they can provide through the fibre bundle model. To assess the effective contribution of a species to the topsoil stabilization, we implemented the results obtained in a stability model based on the ordinary method of slices. Our results showed that using species such as B.erectus and S.recta with a density of 100 plants per square metre guarantees a better stability of the superficial layers.
Published: 2017
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50. Particle Filter-Based Model for Online Estimation of Demand Multipliers in Water Distribution Systems under Uncertainty

Author: Do, N.C., Simpson, A.R., Deuerlein, J.W., Piller, O., University of Adelaide, 3S Consult GmbH, Environnement, territoires et infrastructures (UR ETBX), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Environnement, territoires et infrastructures ( UR ETBX ), and Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture ( IRSTEA )
Subjects: [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, water supply, assessment, statistical uncertainty, ALIMENTATION EN EAU, MODELISATION, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, modelling, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], INCERTITUDE, ESTIMATION, METHODE DE MONTE-CARLO, RESEAU DE DISTRIBUTION D'EAU, TEMPS REEL, [MATH]Mathematics [math], water distribution system
Abstract: International audience; Accurate modeling of water distribution systems is fundamental for planning and operating decisions in any water network. One important component that directly affects model accuracy is knowledge of nodal demands. Conventional models simulate flows and pressures of a water distribution network either assuming constant demand at nodes or using a short-term sample of demand data. Given the stochastic behavior of water demand, this assumption usually leads to an inadequate understanding of the full range of operational states in the water system. Installation of sensor devices in a network can provide information about some components in the system. However, the requirement for a reliable water distribution model that can assist with understanding of real-time events over the entire water distribution system is still an objective for hydraulic engineers. This paper proposes a methodology for the estimation of online (near-real-time) demand multipliers. A predictor-corrector approach is developed that (1) predicts the hydraulic behaviors of the water network based on a nonlinear demand prediction model; and (2) corrects the prediction by integrating online observation data. The standard particle filter and an improved particle-filter method that incorporates the evolutionary scheme from genetic algorithms into the resampling process to prevent particle degeneracy, impoverishment, and convergence problems, are investigated to implement the predictor-corrector approach. Uncertainties of model outputs are also quantified and evaluated in terms of confidence intervals. Two case studies are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed particle-filter model. Results show that the model can provide a reliable estimate of demand multipliers in near-real-time contexts.
Published: 2017
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