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The medicinal nature of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) mainly plays a role in regulating the energy and material metabolism of the body. The energy metabolism of the body is also regulated by the nervous and endocrine systems, and the hormones are an important component of the endocrine system to realize the coordinated action. Therefore, the medicinal nature of TCM is inextricably linked with the metabolism of hormones. Hyperthyroidism, qi-yin deficiency syndrome is regarded as the classic heat syndrome category in Chinese medicine, which can be used as model to reflect the mechanism and difference of qi tonifying of ginseng herbs with different medicinal natures. Steroid hormones are synthesized in the adrenal cortex, mitochondria of placental cells, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, and gonads of the human body by the participation of various metabolic enzymes. Meanwhile, most of the patients with hyperthyroidism have adrenocortical dysfunction in the clinic, and the corresponding clinical symptoms are closely related to the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis (HPT), the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA), and the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPG). When hyperthyroidism occurs, the production and release of steroid hormones will be affected to a certain extent. To explore the correlation between the level of steroid hormones and hyperthyroidism, and the ameliorative effects of red ginseng and ginseng leaves of different types of the genus Ginseng on hypermetabolism of hyperthyroidism and the changes of related indexes, a method of ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-QqQ-MS/MS) was established for rapid identification and quantification of chemical components, including adrenaline, androstenedione, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, estriol, progesterone, 17α-hydroxypregnenolone, corticosterone, and cortisol in rat serum. Then, multivariate analysis method, principal component analysis (PCA), and Spearman test were used to analyze the correlation among adrenaline, steroid hormones, and thyroid function. The results showed that the contents of steroid hormone in the serum of the model group of rats decrease to different degrees, compared with the control group, and increase after the administration of different types of ginsengs. Meanwhile, it was proved that the established method has high sensitivity, good reproducibility, high accuracy, and fast analysis, which can screen a large number of steroid hormones in complex samples in a short time, for accurately investigation of the effects of ginsengs on the content of 9 types of steroid hormones in hyperthyroidism rats. The abnormal levels of steroid hormones are related to thyroid hormones. Corticosterone and adrenaline can serve as key indicators for regulating steroid hormone metabolism of TCMs like ginsengs. Testosterone can be used as the biomarker for regulating steroid hormones of the cold nature herbs. Adrenaline and androstenedione can be used as biomarkers for regulating steroid hormones of the warm nature herbs. This method can conveniently, quickly, accurately, and efficiently complete the analysis of target components in samples. The average recoveries of steroid hormones in rat serum range from 88.75% to 106.94%, and the relative standard deviation is less than 1.99%. This can be used for the determination of steroid hormones in rat serum systematically, rapidly, accurately and efficiently, and provides a methodological reference for the analysis and determination of steroid hormones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology is the property of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology Periodical Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to investigate the species diversity of Herpothallon in China and further identify its distribution characteristics and species composition, one hundred and twenty-eight specimens of the lichen genus Herpothallon were collected from many provinces of tropical and subtropical regions of China as part of our field investigations. Identification was carried out using morphological, anatomical and chemical methods. The examined specimens are deposited in the Lichen Section of the Botanical Herbarium, Shandong Normal University (SDNU) and the Herbarium of Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China (KUN) . A total of 12 species of Herpothallon are reported, of which H. australasicum (Elix) Elix & G. Thor, H. granulosum Jagadeesh Ram & G. P. Sinha, H. himalayanum Jagadeesh & G. P. Sinha, H. isidiatum Jagadeesh Ram & G. P. Sinha and H. minutum Jagadeesh are new records for China. Hitherto known species of Herpothallon in China were comprehensively analyzed. The results are as follows: (1) There are two additional species of Herpothallon found in China making a total of 14 and accounting for 29.17% of the known Herpothallon species worldwide. (2) These species belong to five types of geographical elements: Pantropical distribution, Tropical Asia to Tropical Australia distribution, Topical Asia and tropical America disjunctive distribution, Tropical Asia distribution, and Endemic to China. (3) Herpothallon species in China grows mainly in the altitude ranging 300 m to 2 500 m. (4) Most of these species are mainly corticolous with a few being foliicolous, saxicolous and muscicolous in China. The results of initial filed work indicate that this group is distributed sporadically in some mountainous forests in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, and indicate that a higher biodiversity of Herpothallon in South China, changes in substrate and altitude also have important effects on the distribution of Herpothallon in China, which are important for the understanding of the genus composition and the protection of lichen diversity of Herpothallon in China. We plan to carry out further surveys and studies on this genus to provide more detailed and reliable data that can make species definition more objective and establish a more reliable classification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A method of ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-QqQ-MS/MS) was developed to determine the contents of deoxycholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, hyodeoxycholic acid, cholic acid, glycinecholic acid, taurocholic acid, tauroporic deoxycholic acid, taurocholic acid in the serum of rats with hyperthyroidism and each administration group. The separation of compounds was carried out on an Agilent zorbax SB-C18 column (100 mm×2.1 mm×1.8 μm). The mobile phase was 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid in the water, the flow rate was 0.4 mL/min, the injection volume was 5 μL. The mass spectrometry was determined by electrospray ionization in negative ion mode, and was scanned by multiple response monitoring mode. The ion scanning range was m/z 50-1 000, with a capillary voltage of 3.5 kV, ion source temperature of 150 ℃, atomization gas flow rate of 50 L/h, desolvation gas flow rate of 800 L/h, desolvation temperature of 250 ℃. Multivariate analysis method of principal component analysis (PCA) was used to analyze the content of bile acids in each group, which identified the nature of ginseng and biomarkers of bile acids that regulated the cold and hot nature of ginseng. Spearman was used to analyze the correlation between bile acid level and thyroid function. The results showed that the calibration curves of 8 bile acids were linear in the quantitative range. The average recoveries of bile acid isotopes ranged from 82.71% to 104.05% and the coefficients of variation were all less than 15%. Compared with the blank control group, the contents of deoxycholic acid, goose deoxycholic acid, porcine deoxycholic acid, and cholic acid in the serum of hyperthyroidism rats decreased, and the content of primary bile acid-cholic acid increased after administration of Phellodendrina chinense and ginseng leaves. The cholic acid, deoxycholic acid, and goose deoxycholic acid can be used as the biomarkers for regulating bile acids in cold and cool nature herbs, and glycine cholic acid, deoxycholic acid, and taurocholic acid can be used as the biomarkers for regulating bile acids in warm nature herbs. The level of thyroxine (T4) was negatively correlated with deoxycholic acid. The level of tri-iodothyronine (T3) was negatively correlated with porcine deoxycholic acid, glycine cholic acid, taurocholic acid, taurocholic acid, and taurocholic acid. The UPLC-QqQ-MS/MS method has the advantages of simple operation, high sensitivity, and strong multiplexing detection capability, which can be used to determine the content of serum bile acid. The abnormal level of bile acid is associated with thyroid hormone to a certain extent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology is the property of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology Periodical Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University (Social Sciences) is the property of Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University (Social Sciences) Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The nickel-rich ternary cathode material LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) has excellent discharge capacity, which is the favorite to succeed as the next new cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries. However, it has problems such as serious Li+/Ni2+ mixed discharge, and rapid capacity fading caused by poor structural stability. In order to solve these problems, accelerate the application process of ternary cathode materials in new energy vehicle. LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) ternary cathode material coated with LiZr2 (PO4)3 (LZPO) was obtained by wet coating method, and the structure and electrochemical performance of LZPO coating on NCM811 ternary cathode material were studied in this paper. The results show that the NCM811 coated with 1% LZPO possess the most stable structure, and the best electrochemical performance. The first cycle discharge capacity at 0. 1 C rate is 210. 16 mAh/g, which is much higher than that of the pristine NCM811 material (201. 01 mAh/g); the capacity retention rate after 200 cycles is 79. 4%, which is better than that of pristine NCM811 (60. 0%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)