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为提高主动配电网（active distribution network，ADN）运行经济性和用户满意度，提出一种考虑需求响应和用户满意度的ADN优化调度方法。综合考虑ADN运行过程中的购电成本、发电成本、维护成本和需求响应成本，建立了以ADN总运行成本最小为目标函数的优化调度模型。利用混沌映射、莱维飞行和收敛因子非线性变化等策略对斑点鬣狗优化算法（spotted hyena optimization，SHO）进行优化，以提高斑点鬣狗算法的优化性能。采用改进斑点鬣狗优化算法 （ISHO） 对ADN优化调度模型进行求解，算例分析结果表明，ISHO算法的优化效果优于其他算法，2种需求响应同时参与系统调度时的ADN总运行成本最小，经济性更好。

利用衰减全反射红外光谱技术，对赛加羚羊等3个物种共49份相关样本进行检测、分析并计算其相关系数，结果：同支羚羊角壳不同取样部位红外光谱相关系数为96.69%—99.43%；不同羚羊角壳相同取样部位红外光谱相关系数为94.24%—99.43%；不同物种角质壳红外光谱相关系数为99.28%—99.47%；羚羊角壳与其骨质芯混合物红外光谱随角骨比例变化，骨质成分越多，其红外光谱与羚羊角壳红外光谱的相关系数越低。由此推断红外光谱因取样部位、个体及物种不同而产生差异，且个体间和取样部位差异甚至大于种间差异，而骨质成分的混入则会对羚羊角的红外光谱产生不可预判的影响，显示ATRFTIR技术应用于羚羊角的鉴别应十分慎重。

To investigate the effects of low-temperature stress on the antioxidant and non-specific immune capacity of crayfish (Procambarus clarkii), we collected hepatopancreas, gills and haemolymph at 4 temperature levels（control：23 ℃, experimental group：9 ℃, 5 ℃, 1 ℃), then measured antioxidant and immune-related enzyme activities and gene expression. The results of antioxidant and immunoenzymatic activities showed a gradual increase in total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC） activity in hepatopancreas and haemolymph of P. clarkii under low temperature stress. The trend of increasing and then decreasing activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) acid phosphatase (ACP） and alkaline phosphatase (AKP） was observed in hepatopancreas and haemolymph. Both malondialdehyde（MDA）contents increased gradually, peaking at 1 ℃ . Catalase（CAT）decreased gradually in the hepatopancreas with an increase followed by a decrease in the haemolymph. Gene expression results showed that mRNA expression of SOD, CAT, and Crustin genes in gills and hepatopancreas of P. clarkii increased and then decreased with decreasing temperatures under low- temperature stress, and the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70） gene mRNA expression does not change significantly in gills with an increase followed by a decrease in hepatopancreas. In summary, oxidative stress occurred in P. clarkii under low-temperature stress, and the antioxidant and immune system responded to low-temperature oxidative damage by increasing the activity of antioxidant and immune enzymes and inducing the high expression of antioxidant and immune genes, to protect cellular activity and maintain normal life activities. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the selection and breeding of low temperature resistant strains of P. clarkii under the integrated rice-crayfish aquaculture model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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SNN has gained widespread attention due to its low power consumption and high-speed computing capabilities on neuromorphic chips. The conversion from DNN to SNN is an effective training method for SNN. However, there are approxima- tion errors in the conversion process, leading to significant performance degradation of the converted SNN under short time steps. Through a detailed analysis of the errors in the conversion process, this paper decomposed them into quantization and pruning errors and asymmetric errors, and proposed an improved adaptive threshold algorithm to balance the threshold of SNN. It used the mean square error(MMSE) to achieve a better balance between quantization and pruning errors. Additionally, this algorithm introduced a dual-threshold memory mechanism based on the IF neuron model to effectively address the asymmetric errors. Experimental results demonstrate that the improved algorithm achieves excellent performance on the CIFAR-10, CIFAR- 100 datasets, and the MIT-BIH arrhythmia dataset. For the CIFAR-10 dataset, it achieves a high accuracy of 93.22% with only. 16 time steps, validating the effectiveness of the algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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