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目的探讨环保型样本释放剂联合超声波在病理组织切片制备中的应用价值。方法选取2013年2月至2022年12月期间，佛山市中医院送检的2 518病理标本为研究对象，同一标本取材两块，随机分成两组，环保快速组：采用环保型样本释放剂联合超声波的快速模式制作病理组织切片；传统组：采用甲醛、乙醇、二甲苯，按照常规的模式制作切片。比较两组切片的苏木素（HE）染色效果、免疫组织化学（IHC）染色效果和非典型性脂肪瘤性肿瘤/高分化脂肪肉瘤（ALT/WDL）组织切片的MDM2基因检测结果的差异。结果①两组病理组织的蜡块脱水良好、组织硬度适中。两组切片HE染色后，组织切面完整，无裂隙及颤痕、细胞核与细胞质染色对比恰当、透明度佳、染色均匀、无组织掉片。环保快速组的HE染色优良率和HE染色评分均高于传统组，但是差异均无统计学意义（χ2 = 3.125，P1 = 0.070；t = 0.965，P2 = 0.334）。②两组切片IHC染色后，细胞阳性定位准确、呈特异性着色、染色均匀染色强度适中、染色敏感度好、无组织掉片。环保快速组的IHC染色优良率和IHC染色阳性率均低于传统组，但是差异均无统计学意义（χ12 = 2.769，P1 = 0.092；χ22 = 0.800，P2 = 0.375）。③两组WDL组织切片的背景清晰，轮廓分明，染色均匀，细胞清晰可见，细胞核界限清楚，杂交信号在背景荧光下清晰、明亮，无杂信号。两组切片均杂交成功，MDM2均呈阳性扩增。环保快速组杂交成功细胞数低于传统组，但是差异无统计学意义（t = 1.414，P = 0.230）。结论使用环保型样本释放剂联合超声波的组织处理模式，能保障病理组织切片HE染色、IHC染色和MDM2基因检测效果，且更为高效和环保，适合在各级医院中推广使用。

目的探究免疫抑制宿主肺炎患者外周血中淋巴细胞与疾病严重程度的相关性，和不同剂量激素使用方案对重症患者临床结局的影响。方法收集免疫抑制宿主肺炎患者的临床资料，根据ATS/IDSA指南重症肺炎标准，将患者分为重症组和非重症组。采用logistic回归分析筛出与免疫抑制宿主肺炎患者发展为重症肺炎相关的危险因素，并绘制受试者工作曲线（ROC）以评估各危险因素对重症免疫抑制宿主肺炎的预测价值。同时，根据重症组的激素使用情况，将重症患者分为重症+高剂量激素组（泼尼松龙用量≥1 mg·kg-1·d-1或等效剂量激素）、重症+低剂量激素组（泼尼松龙用量＜1 mg·kg-1·d-1或等效剂量激素）、重症+未使用激素组，对比三组患者28 d存活率，以评估激素治疗对重症患者结局的影响。结果重症组淋巴细胞绝对值、T淋巴细胞百分比、T淋巴细胞绝对值、CD4+T淋巴细胞绝对值均低于非重症组患者（P＜0.05）。重症组IL-2、IL-4、IL-6高于非重症组患者，IFN-γ低于非重症组患者（P＜0.05）。logistic 回归分析：CRP及PCT的升高、PT的延长是与免疫抑制宿主肺炎患者发展为重症肺炎相关的独立危险因素，而血小板、T淋巴细胞绝对值的升高为免疫抑制宿主肺炎的独立保护因素。ROC曲线分析显示，相比于其他危险因素，T淋巴细胞绝对值计数对免疫抑制宿主肺炎患者发展至重症的风险评估具有较好的预测价值。当T淋巴细胞绝对值计数低于874.65个/μL，判断重症型的敏感度90.9%，特异度43.5%。曲线下面积（AUC）为0.723［95%CI （0.649，0.797）］。重症+高剂量激素组、重症+低剂量激素组、重症+未使用激素组3组28d存活率分别为45.5%、66.7%、25.0%，重症+低剂量激素组患者28 d存活率高于重症+未使用激素组（P＜0.05）；重症+低剂量激素组患者28 d存活率高于重症+高剂量激素组患者，但差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论外周血T淋巴细胞绝对值的升高为免疫抑制宿主肺炎的独立保护因素，T淋巴细胞绝对值对患者发展为重症肺炎具有良好预测价值。当T淋巴细胞绝对值计数低于874.65个/μL，预测患者发展为重症免疫抑制宿主肺炎的敏感性达90.9%，低剂量激素治疗可提高重症免疫抑制宿主肺炎的28 d存活率。

【目的】研究人血管内皮细胞在建立NOD/SCID小鼠白血病微血管中的作用。【方法】NOD/SCID小鼠分3组:A空白对照组,B注射EC组,C建立白血病模型后注射EC组。通过免疫组化对NOD/SCID小鼠骨髓的血管生成及全身肿瘤负荷情况进行评价。【结果】C组骨髓微血管密度明显大于A、B组,白血病新生的微血管分支多紊乱,管腔较不规则,血管形态幼稚。【结论】用人血管内皮细胞成功建立NOD/SCID小鼠白血病微血管生成模型,可用于抗白血病血管生成及相关实验的研究。

【目的】构建携带大鼠脑源性神经营养因子（brain derived neurotrophic factor，BDNF）目的基因的复制缺陷型重组腺病毒，并初步检测其体外表达目的基因的能力。【方法】提取大鼠脑组织总RNA，使用RT—PCR方法扩增BDNF目的基因并将其克隆入pMD18-T Simple载体测序，将测序完全正确的BDNF目的基因克隆入pShuttle2中，然后利用体外连接法将BDNF目的基因克隆入Adeno—X^TM腺病毒骨架中。Lipofectamine^TM 2000法转染HEK293细胞包装携带BDNF目的基因的重组腺病毒，少量提取重组腺病毒DNA检测证实为复制缺陷型BDNF基因重组腺病毒后大量扩增。蛋白电泳及Western blot法初步检测BDNF目的基因在HEK293细胞中的表达。【结果】成功构建了携带大鼠BDNF目的基因的复制缺陷型重组腺病毒。并证实其在HEK293细胞中可高水平表达BDNF目的基因。【结论】利用体外连接法可方便、快捷地构建携带BDNF目的基因的复制缺陷型重组腺病毒，并可在体外高水平表达表达其所携带的目的基因。

【目的】探讨再生障碍性贫血（再障）儿童TCR Vβ24个亚家族T细胞克隆性及其与HLA—DRB1＊15的关系。【方法】再障儿童17例（SAA14例，MAA3例），采用RT—PCR和基因扫描分析外周血或骨髓TCR Vβ24个亚家族基因的表达和克隆性，SSP—PCR检测HLA—DR。【结果】再障儿童外周血T细胞仅表达4—22个Vβ亚家族，而正常儿童外周血T细胞几乎表达所有Vβ亚家族。12例（包括初诊SAA4例，CR4例，复发1例和MAA3例）再障儿童存在不同程度T细胞克隆性增殖，但个体间差异较大，正常外周血和骨髓均为多克隆性T细胞。5例HLA—DRB1＊15（＋）患儿中4例（80％）有寡克隆T细胞，而12例HLA—DRB1＊15（-）患儿中仅3例（25％）见寡克隆T细胞，两组比较差异具有显著意义（P〈0．05）。伴寡克隆T细胞的6例S从儿童经免疫抑制治疗后达CR；不伴寡克隆T细胞的5例SAA儿童接受免疫抑制治疗，其中CRI例，PR2例、无效1例，死亡1例。【结论】大多数再障儿童存在T细胞克隆性增殖，寡克隆T细胞多见于SAA，尤其是HLA—DRB1＊15（＋）的SAA儿童。TCR VβT细胞克隆的检测对进一步了解再障免疫功能状态、预测免疫抑制治疗效果具有一定的参考价值。

【目的】探讨含人脐血(umbilical cord blood，UCB)来源的间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells，MSCs)联合造血生长因子(hematopoietic growth factors，HGFs)体系扩增后的脐血造血细胞在NOD／SCID小鼠体内植入及重建小鼠造血的能力。【方法】①用含女性胎儿脐血MSCs(UCBMSCs)及HGFs组合的无血清扩增体系体外扩增男性新生儿UCB CD34~+细胞。②收获扩增第6天的UCB细胞，经尾静脉移植给亚致死量照射后的雌性NOD／SCID小鼠。③动态观察移植后小鼠生存情况及外周血象的恢复。④移植后8周，流式细胞仪检测存活小鼠骨髓中人CD45~+、CD45~+CD33~+、CD45~+CD41~+、CD45~+CD3~+和CD45~+CD19~+细胞含量；PCR法检测移植小鼠外周血中人Y染色体表达。【结果】①非扩增组小鼠存活率为60％，扩增组存活率为90％。②动态观察发现：扩增组白细胞和血红蛋白于移植后第20天恢复，PLT于移植后第40天恢复，明显短于非扩增组。③移植后8周，两组小鼠外周血中人Y染色体检测均为阳性，扩增组和非扩增组小鼠骨髓中人CD45+细胞的含量分别为18.5％±8.3％和16.5％±5.7％，差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。④移植后8周，扩增组小鼠体内CD45~+CD33~+和CD45~+CD41a~+细胞的百分率均高于非扩增组，但CD45~+CD3~+、CD45~+CD19~+细胞百分比均低于非扩增组。【结论】①含人UCBMSCs体系扩增后的UCB细胞具有NOD／SCID小鼠体内植入并重建小鼠造血的能力，似不具有提高小鼠体内植入率的作用。②扩增后的UCB移植可显著促进移植后小鼠造血恢复，提高小鼠存活率。③扩增后的UCB移植主要促进小鼠髓系及巨核系的植入，但对淋巴系的植入有抑制作用。

【目的】探索建立小剂量( 1×106) 人急性红白血病K562 细胞株的NOD/SCID 小鼠动物模型及通过 流式细胞仪对NOD/SCID 小鼠的肿瘤负荷情况进行评价的可行性。【方法】实验组NOD/SCID 小鼠分别经尾静 脉接种K562 细胞1×106、5×106, 比较不同剂量接种实验组小鼠的生存时间、组织病理改变及通过流式细胞术 对NOD/SCID 小鼠体内的肿瘤标记进行检测。【结果】1×106 及5×106 K562 细胞接种的NOD/SCID 小鼠的生存 时间分别为( 30.3±4.3) d 和(22.2±3.7)d; 其外周血、骨髓及肝、肺组织匀浆中均可发现不同比例的肿瘤细胞; 通 过流式细胞术检测5×106 K562 细胞接种组NOD/SCID 小鼠外周血、肝匀浆中人CD13 表达水平显著高于1× 106 接种组, 而肺匀浆的CD13 表达水平两组无显著性差异。【结论】小剂量( 1×106) K562 细胞NOD/SCID 小 鼠动物模型的建立是完全可行的,这有助于降低实验成本。

【目的】评价造血干细胞移植(HSCT)治疗儿童白血病的疗效及合并症。【方法】非血缘相关脐血移植(UDUCBT) 治疗儿童白血病5 例(AM L 4 例, HR-ALL 1 例);同胞外周血造血干细胞移植(allo-PBSCT)治疗CML 及HR-ALL 各1 例;自体外周血造血干细胞移植(auto-PBSCT)治疗AML 2 例。UD-UCBT 中4 例为HLA 5/6 相合, 1 例为全相合。输入的脐 血(UCB)平均有核细胞数(NC)为6.29 ×107/ kg , CFU-GM 为0.17 ×105/ kg , CD34+细胞数为4.6×105/kg 。预处理主要以马 利兰(Bu)、环磷酰胺(CY)、氟达拉宾(Flu)和马法兰(Mel)等组成的方案。【结果】4 例可评价的UD-UCBT 患儿中3 例完全植 入, 1 例未植入者自体造血恢复, 2 例allo-PBSCT 患儿均完全植入。UCBT 后外周血中性粒细胞绝对计数(ANC)≥0.5 ×109/ L 的中位时间为+21 d , 血小板(PLT)≥20 ×109/ L 的中位时间为+40 d。2 例allo-PBSCT 患儿外周血ANC ≥0.5 ×109/L 的 中位时间分别为+10 d 和+12 d, PLT≥20×109/L 的中位时间为+11 d 和+14 d。3 例植入的UCBT 者2 例分别发生Ⅰ 度和 Ⅲ 度aGVHD。2 例allo-PBSCT 患儿分别发生Ⅱ 度和Ⅲ 度aGVHD。随访25 个月, 2 例auto-PBSCT 患儿均复发。allo-HSCT 7 例中2 例复发, 2 例死于移植合并症, 3 例无病存活至今。【结论】HSCT 是治疗白血病的有效手段, 但对供体选择、移植时疾 病状态及移植后的免疫治疗均为移植是否成功及降低复发的关键因素, 值得深入探讨。 关键词:中图分类号 文献标识码:A 文章编号:

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This study aimed to estimate the optimal light conditions for indoor cultivation of juvenile tiger puffer (Takifugu rubripes), The juvenile fish were exposed to five irradiance of green light (G1: 300 mW/ m², G2: 500 mW/ m², G3: 750 mW/ m², G4: 1 000 mW/ m² and G5: 1 500 mW/ m²), white light (W) and dark (D) for 60 days. At the end of the experiment, the retinal structure of the juvenile fish was observed, and measurements were taken for retinal thickness, expression of visual protein genes, and changes in antioxidant enzyme activity. The results showed that different irradiance of green light had no significant effect on the retinal structure of juvenile fish. Different degrees of melanin migration occurred in the retina of all treatment groups. Melanin granules were more aggregated in the G1 and D groups, while in the G4 and G5 treatment groups, the density of melanin granules was relatively high. The total retinal thickness (TT) decreased with increased green light irradiance. The ratio of the thickness of each retinal layer to the total thickness was further analyzed. The results showed that the changes in retinal thickness showed different trends among different regions, with the G3 group having the highest proportion of the photoreceptor layer (PRos/ is/ TT) (P<0. 05). The proportion of the outer plexiform layer (OPL/ TT) was significantly higher than those in other groups except G1 (P<0. 05). The proportion of outer nuclear layer (ONL/ TT) of juvenile fish in the G2 and G3 groups was significantly higher than that in the G1 and G4 groups (P < 0. 05). There was no significant difference in the proportion of pigment epithelium (RPE/ TT) and ganglion cell layer (GCL/ TT) among different treatment groups (P>0. 05). Regarding the expression of opsin genes, Rod opsin expression was the highest in groups exposed to white light (W)and dark conditions (D)(P<0. 05). SWS2 expression in the G3 group was the highest (P<0. 05). The expression of Opsin3 was the highest in the W group and the G5 group (P<0. 05). For antioxidant enzymes, the activities of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPX) in the green light treatment groups increased regularly with the increase of light irradiance, and there was no extreme decrease. In view of the effects of different light irradiance on retinal thickness and oxidative stress in eye tissues of juvenile tiger puffer in this study, it is recommended to use a white-colored cultivation substrate and green light in indoor cultivation environments. Additionally, it is advised to control the light irradiance within the range of 500 to 750 mW/ m². [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The new potato variety 'Jiangshu 2' was developed from a cross between 'Шyкpoнa' (female) and 'Латона.' (male) through sexual hybridization and selection by the Experimental Farm, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences. In 2022, the registration of non-major crop varieties was completed, with the name of 'Jiangshu 2' and the registration number of GPD Potato (2022) 650095. 'Jiangshu 2' is a new medium-early maturing variety for fresh consumption and chip processing. Its growth duration is 78 days. The plant type is upright and the plant height is about 70 cm. It has round tuber with red skin, yellow flesh, smooth skin, shallow eyes and short stolons. For this variety, the number of tuber per plant is 3 with a mean tuber weight of 237 g, and the marketable tuber percentage is 83.70%. It has 21.70% dry matter, 15.60% starch, 2.03% crude protein, 12.10 mg/100 g vitamin C and 0.43% reducing sugar. Taste quality is good. Production trials over several locations from 2017 to 2018 showed that the yield of 'Jiangshu 2' was 2 528 kg/667m2, increased by 25.65% when compared with that (2 012 kg/667m2 ) of the control 'Kexin 1'. 'Jiangshu 2' is resistant to potato virus X (PVX), moderately resistant to potato virus Y (PVY), but susceptible to late blight. This variety is suitable for spring planting in all ecological areas of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and the area with high altitude. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Based on the land use data of Fujian Province in 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2020, we analyzed the spatiotemporal change characteristics of land use types, the spatial differentiation of cold and hot spots under the sea-land gradient using the buffer gradient zone method, and the reasons for spatial differentiation of land use change. The results showed that: 1) the area changes of main land use types had different trends with increased distance from the coastline in the past 30 years. Among them, the change of cultivated land and urban and rural construction land area showed a gradient trend of continuous decrease, and the changes in the area between them within 20 km from the coastline were the largest, which were -1,317.12 and 1,799.8 km2, respectively. The change of forestland and grassland area showed a trend of "decreasing, increasing and decreasing" and concentrated in the 140-240 km gradient zone; 2) from the perspective of conversion types, the proportion of the first 10 land use types changed mainly from cultivated land and grassland to forest and from cultivated, forest, and grassland to urban and rural construction land in the following order: coastal gradient zone (44.23%), transitional gradient zone (37.31%), and inland gradient zone (15.03%). Regarding spatial distribution, the decrease in cultivated land and the increase in urban and rural construction land were mainly distributed in the coastal gradient zone, while the grassland decrease and woodland increase were mainly distributed in the transition and inland gradient zones; 3) from the perspective of the comprehensive dynamic degree, the comprehensive dynamic degree within 20 km from the coastline was the highest (0.75%) in the past 30 years, and the degree of change was the most severe. Concerning a single dynamic degree, the dynamic degree of urban and rural construction land showed a gradient change that first increased and then decreased, and its rate of change was much higher than that of other types; 4) land use change has significant spatial heterogeneity under the land-sea gradient, and taking the year 2000 as the time boundary, the hot spots showed the spatial aggregation characteristics of "transferring from inland areas to coastal areas" and from "more in the north and less in the south" to "more in the south and less in the north". The characteristics of land-sea gradient differentiation of land use change are closely related to regional development strategies and ecological environment construction policies at different stages of Fujian Province from 1990 to 2020. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]