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目的 对比分析药物涂层球囊（drug-coated balloon，DCB）和普通球囊血管成形术治疗症状性颅内动脉粥样硬化性重度狭窄患者的安全性和预后。 方法 回顾性分析2020年3月—2022年4月在青岛大学附属医院进行治疗的症状性颅内动脉粥样硬化性重度狭窄患者，按照治疗方式的不同分为DCB组和普通球囊组。比较两组患者的一般临床资料、疗效和安全性终点，包括围手术期并发症、临床结局和影像随访结果。 结果 研究共纳入49例患者，其中DCB组30例，普通球囊组19例。两组的基线资料、围手术期并发症、术后6个月内再发卒中率、再狭窄率及死亡率差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）；6个月随访DCB组狭窄程度为14.50%（9.55%～23.42%），低于普通球囊组的30.00%（15.42%～37.61%），差异有统计学意义（P＝0.027）。 结论 与普通球囊相比，DCB治疗症状性颅内动脉粥样硬化性重度狭窄是安全的，可以有效降低目标血管再狭窄的进展。 Abstract: Objective To compare the safety and prognosis of drug-coated balloon (DCB) angioplasty and conventional balloon angioplasty in treating symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis. Methods The patients with symptomatic severe intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis who were treated at The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from March 2020 to April 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into the DCB group and the conventional balloon group according to the treatment method. The general clinical data, efficacy, and safety endpoints, including perioperative complications, clinical outcomes, and imaging results during follow-up, were compared between the two groups. Results A total of 49 patients were included in the study, including 30 in the DCB group and 19 in the conventional balloon group. There were no significant differences in baseline data and perioperative complications, as well as stroke recurrence rate, restenosis rate and mortality within 6 months after surgery between the two groups (P>0.05). The DCB group exhibited a lower degree of restenosis at 14.50% (9.55%-23.42%), as compared to 30.00% (15.42%-37.61%) in the conventional balloon group, with a statistically significant difference (P=0.027). Conclusions In comparison to conventional balloon treatment, DCB treatment is considered safe for symptomatic severe intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis and can effectively reduce the progress of target vessel restenosis.

通过临床病史、剖检病变、组织病理学、触片检查和毒素试验方法确诊了1例大林羚(Tragelaphus oryx)肠毒血症。1只15岁大林羚无任何临床症状突然死亡,尸体角弓反张,典型病变为十二指肠和空肠严重出血性肠炎,肠壁变薄,肠管内有较多黑红色血样内容物,肠黏膜呈弥漫性暗红色与黑红色,皱胃黏膜有大小不等的出血性坏死灶。特征性组织学病变为严重的出血性坏死性肠炎、中毒性肝损伤和中毒性肾损伤。十二指肠和空肠黏膜层出血、坏死,多数区域呈均质红染; 肝细胞和肾小管上皮细胞严重变性、散在坏死。在肠黏膜触片上可见散在或成簇分布的单个或成双的革兰阳性粗大的产气荚膜梭菌(Clostridium perfringens)。小白鼠毒素试验结果显示,接种肠内容物后13～18 h试验小白鼠均死亡。

丹顶鹤是我国Ⅰ级重点保护鸟类，对其野化飞行训练行为进行研究，可以为开展野外放归和再引入提供科学依据。本文以扎龙国家级自然保护区内圈养1—4龄亚成体丹顶鹤为研究对象，通过对全年不同季节与不同鹤龄亚成体每次飞行训练持续飞行时间的监测，比较其持续飞行时间的季节性差异和不同鹤龄的组间差异，对每次持续飞行时间与同时段气候因素进行相关分析，并对其冬季的正常飞行与拒绝飞行的气候因素进行比较，以此来探讨扎龙湿地圈养丹顶鹤野化飞行训练效果及影响因素。结果发现，飞行时间的季节性差异极显著（P

2008和2009年的3～5月,对扎龙、洪河、兴凯湖3个自然保护区东方白鹳的巢址选择进行了研究,共测量24个巢址。研究表明,人工巢和天然巢在植被类型、巢基牢固度、巢基类型及距树林距离等因子上差异显著,逐步判别分析表明在区分天然巢和人工巢址生境方面有4个因子发挥重要作用,依照贡献值大小依次是:巢基类型、巢间距、距树林距离、巢基牢固度,正确率达91.7%。主成分分析表明,影响巢址选择的主要因子有4种,依次为食物因子、安全因子、取材因子、巢基因子。

卧龙湖保护区是辽宁重要的水鸟迁徙停歇地。从2008年9月至2009年5月,对卧龙湖保护区春秋两季的水鸟迁徙进行了调查。结果表明,该地区迁徙时期的主要种类为豆雁、白鹤、红头潜鸭和白骨顶。秋季迁徙期于9月初开始,10月中旬达到高峰,11月中旬结束;春季迁徙于3月末开始,4月下旬达到高峰,5月初结束。通过比较分析,春季水鸟的迁徙数量明显多于秋季迁徙时期,而且每个迁徙期水鸟种类和数量的变化同温度密切相关。

文章对光突发交换（OBS）网络中的IP流量特性以及汇聚机制进行了深入的研究,通过引入ON/OFF源模型来模拟OBS网络中数据业务的自相似特性,通过对仿真进行分析,验证了ON/OFF理论模型的正确性,最后,利用合成的可控Hurst参数流量源,对几种典型的OBS汇聚算法进行了仿真分析,结果表明,这些汇聚算法对严格自相似性流量的长相关性并没有抑制效果,只是在短时间内对流量具有平滑作用.

光突发交换（OBS）技术比电路交换具有更高的带宽利用率、更低的网络延时,而且比全光分组网更加易于实现,文章针对基于JET资源预留协议的光突发交换网络,在突发汇聚、QoS保证、控制分组和数据分组的具体内容等关键技术上进行了较详细的讨论和研究.

凤头鸊鷉广泛分布于开阔的平原湖泊、江河和沼泽等地带,是环境变化的指示物种。凤头鸊鷉在我国分布较广,数量较多,但近年来数量也呈下降趋势,本文通过对凤头鸊鷉繁殖前期的行为观察得出了在这一时期的日行为节律以及各行为在1 d中的时间分配比例,1 d中以游水行为为主占37.81%,其他行为情况分别是理羽占22.48%、静栖占13.44%、潜水占11.16%、觅食占10.89%、求偶占3.86%、卧巢行为占0.27%,其他行为占0.08%。凤头鸊鷉雌雄个体行为发生的频次无明显差异,只是进入繁殖前期,雌性个体在卧巢行为占很高比例。

【目的】比较大鼠佩戴两种咬合板升高咬合垂直距离（OVD）后脊柱形态的变化。【方法】24只成年Wistar大鼠随机分为C组（对照组）、Full-S组（戴上颌全牙列咬合板）,Post-S组（戴上颌双侧后牙咬合板）。咬合板采用印模和模型技术在体外制作、口内衬垫、调牙合粘接。戴牙后观察大鼠咬合关系及行为、体重变化,并在正位X线片上测量颈椎C4、胸椎T1、T6、T10和腰椎L4中点偏离脊柱中线的距离,侧位片上观察胸椎曲度（θ）角的变化。体重及定点测量数据作统计学分析。【结果】Full-S组大鼠与其他两组比较出现咬合偏斜,生长受抑制;正位片上T10和L4偏离中线值及侧位片上θ角Full-S组显著大于Post-S大鼠组和对照组（P〈0.05）,而Post-S组与对照组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。【结论】全牙列咬合板可能导致大鼠脊柱排列形态的改变;双侧后牙咬合板用于大鼠咬合垂直距离升高对脊柱形态无明显影响。

BACKGROUND: Research has demonstrated a close association between ferroptosis and vascular dementia. Tongmai Kaiqiao Pill has a certain effect on improving the cognitive function of vascular dementia patients, but its mechanism is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To explore the interventional effects and molecular mechanisms of Tongmai Kaiqiao Pill for vascular dementia based on the regulation of ferroptosis by the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)/glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) signaling pathway. METHODS: Among eighty-four SD male rats, 12 rats were used as the sham-operated group, and the rest of them were prepared as a model of vascular dementia by the modified 2-VO method, and then randomly divided into the model group, the Tongmai Kaiqiao Pills high-, moderate-, and low-dosage (27. 6, 13. 8, and 6. 9 g/kg) groups, the combined group (Tongmai Kaiqiao Pill high-dosage+ML385, 20 mg/kg), and the donepezil hydrochloride group (0. 45 mg/kg). The drug was given once a day by intragastric administration. The combined group was also intraperitoneally injected Nrf2 inhibitor ML385, once a day, for 4 weeks. Morris water maze was used to detect the learning memory ability of rats. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the histopathological changes in the hippocampus of rats in each group. Colorimetric assay was used to detect the content of reduced glutathione, ferrous ion (Fe2+), and malondialdehyde in the serum of rats. Prussian blue staining was used to detect the iron deposition in the hippocampal tissue of rats. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the ultrastructural changes of mitochondria in rat hippocampal tissues. Western blot assay was used to detect the protein expression levels of Nrf2, HO-1, GPX4, XCT, and ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1) in rat hippocampal tissues. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In comparison to the sham operation, rats in the model group exhibited a significantly prolonged latency period (P＜0. 05) and a reduced number of platform crossings (P＜0. 05). Additionally, the hippocampal tissues of these rats displayed loosely organized structure, deeply stained cell nuclei, and solidified or lysed chromatin. Ferri ions aggregated in CA1 region. There were atrophied mitochondria with dissolved cristae and thickened mitochondrial membranes. Fe2+, malondialdehyde, and reduced glutathione levels in rat serum were found to be elevated (P＜0. 05). A significant reduction in the expression of GPX4, HO-1, XCT, Nrf2, and FTH1 proteins was detected in the hippocampus (P＜0. 05). Compared to the model group, the average escape latency of the rats was significantly reduced following intervention with Tongmai Kaiqiao Pills and donepezil hydrochloride (P＜0. 05), with an increased number of platform crossings (P＜0. 05). Hippocampal neurons showed significant recovery. Notably, iron aggregation in the CA1 region was significantly reduced, and mitochondrial structure and function were improved. There were significant reductions in Fe2+and malondialdehyde levels, while the levels of GPX4, HO-1, XCT, Nrf2, and FTH1 in rat hippocampal tissues, and reduced glutathione in serum were significantly increased (P＜0. 05). The high-dose Tongmai Kaiqiao Pills exhibited a treatment effect comparable to that of donepezil hydrochloride (P＞0. 05), with a significant prolongation of water maze escape latency (P＜0. 05), a reduced number of platform crossings (P＜0. 05), and insignificant neuronal pathological changes in the CA1 area. However, the combined group showed increased iron deposition, elevated malondialdehyde and Fe2+levels in blood serum (P＜0. 05), reduced glutathione content (P＜0. 05), hippocampal tissue mitochondrial atrophy, and reduced expression of Nrf2, XCT, HO-1, GPX4, and FTH1 proteins (P＜0. 05). Within a certain range, higher doses of Tongmai Kaiqiao Pills demonstrated a more pronounced effect, comparable to the efficacy of high-dose donepezil hydrochloride. It is concluded that Tongmai Kaiqiao Pills have been shown to mitigate histopathological changes in the rat hippocampus and enhance cognitive function in rats with vascular dementia. The mechanism of action is likely associated with the suppression of ferroptosis through the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1/GPX4 signaling pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic, nonspecific inflammatory disease limited to the colorectal mucosa and submucosa, which recurs repeatedly and is difficult to cure. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have shown that Chinese herbal monomers and compound recipes are capable of regulating Toll-like receptor 4 / nuclear transcription factor-κB (TLR4/NF-κB), nucleotide-binding oligomerisation structural domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), Janus kinase/transcription activating factor 3 (JAK/STAT3), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/ Akt), neurogenic site gap homologue (Notch), adenylate-activated protein kinase / mammalian target of rapamycin (AMPK/m-TOR), signaling pathways to inhibit inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, as well as repairing intestinal barrier to reduce UC symptoms and improve intestinal function. The paper systematically summarized the content of the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of UC based on the signaling pathway, with a view to providing a new theoretical basis for the treatment of UC with TCM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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BACKGROUND: Targeted therapy based on nuclear transcription factor kappa B signaling pathway to explore neuroinflammation is increasingly worth exploring, and the advantages of Chinese medicine such as many targets, wide range, rich mechanisms, and few side effects have great potential in the treatment of various diseases. OBJECTIVE: Based on the nuclear transcription factor kappa B signaling pathway, this paper systematically expounded and summarized the research progress of kaempferol, safflower yellow, baicalin, and triptolide in the treatment of neuroinflammation after spinal cord injury. METHODS: Search terms “spinal cord injury, inflammation, anti-inflammatory, traditional Chinese medicine monomer, monomeric compound, NF-κB signaling pathway, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols, esters, alkaloids” were searched in CNKI and PubMed databases. Totally 67 articles were finally included. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The role of nuclear transcription factor kappa B signaling pathway in the nervous system is complex and diverse, which can regulate neutrophils, microglia, astrocytes, and macrophages, and mediate the occurrence and development of inflammation after injury. (2) The effects of traditional Chinese medicine monomers such as baicalin on the degradation of nuclear transcription factor kappa B inhibitory protein, the inhibition of phosphorylation process by safflowerin on nuclear transcription factor kappa B signaling pathway, and the inhibition of kaempferol on nuclear transcription factor kappa B signaling pathway p65 nuclear translocation can reduce the impact of inflammatory response on the body, thereby promoting the recovery of neurological function. (3) The nuclear transcription factor kappa B signaling pathway can promote inflammation and immune cell migration and activation in the early stage of injury, and can promote the repair of injury site and the occurrence of fibrosis in the middle and late stages of injury. Appropriate activation of the nuclear transcription factor kappa B signaling pathway can promote the release of inflammatory factors, improve the antioxidant capacity of cells, and promote the activation of immune cells, but the over-activated nuclear transcription factor kappa B signaling pathway can easily lead to the occurrence and continuation of chronic inflammation and the inhibition of apoptosis. (4) Future research can further explore how to accurately regulate the activation level of nuclear transcription factor kappa B signaling pathway, how to achieve precise intervention for nervous system inflammation and injury, and can also focus on the preparation of traditional Chinese medicine monomers and the mechanism of action of traditional Chinese medicine monomers on signaling pathways, in order to provide more effective treatment strategies for the rehabilitation and functional recovery of neurological diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Preliminary clinical observations found that Jiawei Chunze Decoction is an effective formula for clinical treatment of urinary retention after spinal cord injury. Animal experiments have found that the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway is closely related to the degree of bladder dysfunction. OBJECTIVE: To further investigate the effects of Jiawei Chunze Decoction on bladder function and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in rats with urinary retention. METHODS: Sixty female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group, Jiawei Chunze Decoction low-dose group, Jiawei Chunze Decoction high-dose group and agonist group. In the sham operation group, the spinal cord was exposed but not transected. In the other groups, the modified Hassan Shaker spinal cord transection method was used to prepare the model of sacral medullary injury. At 24 hours after modeling, the sham operation group and model group were intragastrically given equal volume of normal saline, Jiawei Chunze Decoction low-dose and high-dose groups were given Jiawei Chunze Decoction granules containing 14.4 and 28.8 g/kg, respectively, via intragastric administration for 4 weeks, and the agonist group was treated with an intraperitoneal injection of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway agonist 740Y-P at a dose of 0.02 mg/kg. After 4 weeks of treatment, the maximum bladder capacity, leakage point pressure and bladder compliance of rats in each group were detected by urine flow dynamics. The minimum bladder contraction tension and frequency of rats in each group were detected by detrusor pull test. The pathological changes of the rat bladder in each group were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The concentrations of GRP78, CHOP and Caspase-12 in serum were detected by ELISA, and the mRNA and protein expressions of PI3K, Akt, GRP78, CHOP and Caspase-12 in bladder tissues were detected by RT-PCR and western blot, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the sham operation group, the maximum bladder volume, bladder compliance and minimum systolic tension of rats in the model group were increased (P < 0.05), and the leakage point pressure and bladder contraction frequency were decreased (P < 0.05); serum GRP78, CHOP, and Caspase-12 levels were also increased (P < 0.05). The arrangement of bladder epithelial cells in the model group was disordered, and there was monocyte infiltration between cells, tissue edema, and detrusor tract atrophy. The mRNA and protein expressions of PI3K and Akt in bladder tissues were significantly decreased in the model group compared with the sham operation group, while those of GRP78, CHOP and Caspase-12 were increased (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, the maximum bladder volume, bladder compliance and minimum systolic tension of rats were decreased in the Jiawei Chunze Decoction low-dose, high-dose and agonist groups after 4 weeks of intervention (P < 0.05), while the leakage point pressure and bladder contraction frequency were increased (P < 0.05); serum GRP78, CHOP, Caspase-12 levels were decreased (P < 0.05). The bladder epithelial cells in the three intervention groups were distributed evenly, arranged neatly, with less inflammatory cell infiltration and fuller detrusor muscle bundle. Compared with the model group, the mRNA and protein expressions of PI3K and Akt were increased in the three intervention groups, while those of GRP78, CHOP and Caspase-12 were decreased (P < 0.05). The Jiawei Chunze Decoction high-dose group was better than the Jiawei Chunze Decoction low-dose group and shared the similar results with the agonist group. To conclude, Jiawei Chunze Decoction can improve the bladder function of rats with urinary retention after spinal cord injury, and the mechanism may be related to reducing the occurrence of endoplasmic reticulum stress in bladder tissue through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, and then alleviating apoptosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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To investigate the optimal fishmeal and fish oil replacement levels in grow-out stage snakehead （initial body mass 150 g）, Channa striata, we first explored the optimal fishmeal replacement level by substituting 0%, 17%, 33%, 50%, 67%, and 83% of fishmeal 65 （65%-protein fishmeal） with poultry meal respectively, resulting in six iso-nitrogenous and iso-lipidic experimental diets. The diets were fed to fish to apparent satiation twice daily for 8 weeks. Subsequently, we evaluated the optimal level of fish oil substitution by replacing 0%, 13%, 25%, 38%, 50%, and 63% of fish oil with soy lecithin, resulting in six iso-nitrogenous and iso-lipidic experimental diets. The diets were also fed to fish to apparent satiation twice daily for 8 weeks. Results showed replacing fishmeal 65 with poultry meal had no significant effects on the growth performance, body indices, nutrient apparent digestibility, or body composition of snakehead fish（ P> 0. 05）. Substituting fish oil with soy lecithin did not significantly influence the growth performance, body indices, or body composition of the fish （P>0. 05）, nor did it affect the apparent digestibility of dry matter and crude protein （P>0. 05）; however, a minor significant reduction in the apparent digestibility of crude lipids （~2%） was observed when fish oil substitution levels reached or exceeded 38% （P<0. 05）. Results on growth, feed utilization, and body composition indicate that poultry meal can replace up to 83% of fishmeal 65 and soy lecithin up to 63% of fish oil in diets for grow-out stage snakehead. This study fills the research gap in the substitution of fishmeal and fish oil during the grow-out phase of Channa striata, offering valuable data for optimizing commercial feed composition and reducing costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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