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The human body dissipates heat rapidly at low temperatures and it faces the risk of freezing frostbite and even death if it fails to maintain the physiological thermal balance. It is an efficient way of promoting the thermal insulation of the garment to achieve the thermal balance of the human body by changing its opening design. Although many studies have been conducted on the impact of clothing including the style and pattern or the external temperature on heat transfer of clothing most of them focus on one single factor with the combined factors being rarely discussed in depth. This paper discussed the impact of different arrangements and combinations of three main opening designs of clothing including the front flap the cuff and the collar on thermal insulation performance of cold-proof through thermal manikin at various temperatures. The findings of this study are expected to provide significant instructions for consumers and quantitative reference for the opening design of cold-proof clothing. In the experiment the study selected a one-piece suit as the original garment to carry out different opening designs and obtained three types of single-opening clothing namely 2# clothing with a widened and thickened front fly 2 cm wider and 0. 4 cm thicker 3# clothing with tightened cuffs with a binding size of 16 cm and 4# clothing with a tightened collar with a binding size of 30 cm . Such designs are the three main opening designs of cold-proof clothing. The three single-opening designs of 2# - 4# were arranged and combined in order to accurately quantify the influence of each opening and combination design on the overall and local thermal resistance of clothing. Four kinds of multi-opening optimization designs were obtained 5# front fly widening and thickening + cuff tightening 6# front fly widening and thickening + collar tightening 7# cuff tightening + collar tightening and 8# front fly widening and thickening + cuff tightening + collar tightening. The study used a Newton thermal manikin to measure the thermal insulation of 34 separate segments including the total thermal insulation and the local thermal insulation of hand upper arm forearm upper chest lower chest abdomen shoulder upper back mid back and hip. On this basis in order to explore the influence of the temperature on the thermal performance of clothing from the perspective of thermal insulation mechanism four levels of temperatures were selected including 5 ℃ 0 ℃ - 5 ℃ and - 10 ℃. At the same time the software SPSS was used to statistically compare the total thermal resistance of 1# - 4# clothing and 5# - 8# clothing at 5 ℃. The local thermal resistance changes of single-opening and multi-opening garments were shown in bar graphs. Finally the change rates of the overall and local thermal resistance values of at different temperatures were analyzed. The results showed that both the opening design and the temperature have an impact on clothing insulation performance and the former serves as the most important factor followed by the second. Compared with single-opening design the multi-opening design of clothing plays a more important role in promoting the thermal insulation performance of clothing. The thermal resistance increase rate of 8# clothing can reach 7. 20% but the effect of opening design on the thermal insulation performance of clothing is weakened at lower temperatures. In contrast the 8# multi-opening design has a more obvious promoting effect on the improvement of clothing due to the formation of an enclosed environment at 5 ℃. The findings in this paper can provide objective data for the opening design of cold-proof clothing. In order to achieve the thermal function of winter clothing it is necessary to consider factors such as materials and the environment. At the same time the research results can also provide ideas for further analysis of the opening tightening quantity of cold-proof clothing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crop straw was a byproduct of agricultural production and the largest renewable resource on Earth. China was a country with abundant crop straw resources. Lignocellulose was the main component of straw cell wall and a recyclable material resource with great potential in the field of feed. The structure of lignocellulose was tight and complex, and its utilization was difficult. Using biological methods to degrade lignocellulose was a green, safe, and efficient way. This article provided an overview of the composition and structure of lignocellulose, with a focus on the types of microorganisms that degrade lignocellulose in nature, as well as the degradation mechanisms of each component of lignocellulose by microorganisms, so as to provide a reference for the study of biodegradation of lignocellulose and promote the development process of straw feed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a dearth of experiments on the synthesis of binuclear bridging complexes in current experimental textbooks, and limited knowledge exists regarding secondary amine synthesis and Cu(II) oxidation. In this study, drawing from the foundational reactions in organic chemistry theory, two routes were devised to synthesize the target secondary amine ligand. Route 1 is predicated on nucleophilic substitution reactions, while Route 2 involves nucleophilic addition condensation and reduction. Leveraging the principles of coordination chemistry and the conjugated drive effect in organic chemistry, Cu(II), with its weak oxidizing properties, oxidized secondary amines into conjugated aromatic imines (Schiff base) structures. Concurrently, the coordination of Schiff base and the bridging coordination of chloride ions were harnessed to form stable chlorine-bridged binuclear Cu(I) complexes. To suit the experimental teaching conditions in tertiary institutions, a straightforward operational set-up was designed to visually illustrate the identification of copper ion valence states in Cu(I) complexes. The experimental principles herein encompass not only fundamental chemical reaction knowledge but also embody the latest scientific research findings. With mild reaction conditions, intuitive experimental observations, good reproducibility, and high yields, this experiment effectively enhances students' comprehensive experimental operation skills and cultivates their abilities in organic synthesis and coordination chemistry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the 2005-2020 municipal panel data of Jiangsu Province, the entropy method and SFA model are applied to measure the urban resilience and land use efficiency respectively, and the relationship between the two is quantified with the help of the coupled coordination model and the decoupling model, and finally the driving factors of the coordinated development of the two are mined with the help of the Tobit model. The results show that: Urban toughness, land use efficiency and the level of coordination between the two coupled growth development, but the growth rate are gradually slowing down, and in the spatial pattern of evolution of the overall performance of the “south high north low” distribution; urban toughness and land use efficiency coupling is good, belong to the high level of coupling, the overall average value of the degree of coordination of 0.67, belonging to the state of “basic coordination-primary coordination”, and gradually to the intermediate coordination type of cities. The average value of the overall coordination degree is 0.67, which belongs to the basic coordination-primary coordination state, and gradually dominated by cities of intermediate coordination type; the decoupling type of urban toughness and land use efficiency is dominated by the expansion of the negative decoupling, and the synergy enhancement has not been realized, and the growth rate of the land use efficiency is mostly developed with relative lag, and there is a risk of decoupling; From the overall scale of Jiangsu Province, government intervention, population density, industrial structure and scientific and technological inputs significantly promote coordinated development, while fiscal pressure has an inhibiting effect. From the three regional scales, population density, industrial structure and scientific and technological inputs can significantly promote coordinated development, while the rest of the factors are characterized by regional heterogeneity. The scientific development of cities cannot be separated from the healthy synergistic growth of the dual system of “urban resilience and land use”, and the results of the study can provide a certain reference value for the high-quality construction and sustainable development of cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biomass-derived carbon materials have attracted more and more attention as efficient and cheap super--capacitor electrode materials due to their renewability and flexible microstructure tunability. However, the original biomass-derived carbon has the disadvantages of low porosity, low specific surface area and insufficient specific capacitance. The specific surface area, pore structure and conductivity of electrode materials will affect the energy storage performance of supercapacitors. Therefore, how to fabricate electrode materials with high specific capacitance, fast charge and discharge and certain flexibility has become the focus of current research. Tn this paper, the classification and energy storage mechanism of supercapacitors and the preparation methods and research status of biomass-based carbon materials are reviewed. The key performance evaluation parameters of high-quality load electrodes are analyzed, and the influencing factors of their electrochemical performance are systematically discussed. The future development trend is to integrate different types of energy storage devices into composite energy storage devices to meet the needs of various fields. Composite energy storage devices have greatly improved the comprehensive performance of supercapacitors. Therefore, the development of efficient and stable energy storage technology is of great significance for alleviating energy shortage, reducing environmental pollution and promoting sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the level of healthy fitness in preschool children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), to explore the factors influencing healthy fitness in children with ASD, and to provide reference for their comprehensive rehabilitation treatment and home exercise guidance. Method: Fifty children in the ASD group and 50 children in the normal group were selected to test the health fitness level using seven indexes: body mass index, 20m round-trip run, tennis long throw, standing long jump, isometric push- up, one-legged stance, and seated forward bend. The differences in health fitness levels between preschool children with ASD and normal children were analyzed using independent samples ttest, and the effects of gender, BMI, average daily sleep time, average daily sedentary time, average daily TPA time, average daily MVPA time, mother's education level, father's education level, family income, and age of child's primary caregiver on health fitness of preschool children with ASD were analyzed using multiple linear regression models. Result: Comparative analysis between groups showed that the ASD group had a much lower tennis ball toss than the normal group (P<0.05), and significantly lower scores in the 20-meter round-trip run, isometric pushups and one-leg stand test than the normal group (P<0.001), while the differences in body mass index, standing long jump and seated forward bend scores were not statistically significant（P>0.05) . Multiple linear regression model analysis showed that the mean daily sleep, Total Physical Activity (TPA), and Moderate to Vigorous Intensity Physical Activity (MVPA) time had a good fit for the 20 m round-trip run (20 m round-trip run=﹣9.561+1.048×average daily sleep time + 0.076×average daily TPA time + 0.066×average daily MVPA time) ；average daily TPA time was well fitted for the isometric push-ups (isometric push-ups=﹣87.625+0.428× average daily TPA time) ；average daily TPA and MVPA times were well fitted for the single-leg stand (average duration of single-leg stand=6.627+0.094×average daily total physical activity time + 0.071×average daily moderate-to-vigorous activity time) . Conclusion: The cardiopulmonary fitness, motor fitness and upper limb muscle fitness of preschool children with ASD are lower than those of normal children, and physical fitness training should be included in the comprehensive rehabilitation intervention program. The longer sleep time, the longer TPA time and the longer MVPA time may suggest the better cardiorespiratory fitness and motor fitness of preschool children with ASD, and the effective duration of sleep time and moderate-to- vigorous physical activity of preschool children with ASD should be enhanced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the effect of irisin on inflammatory response in brain tissue of neonatal rats with hyperbilirubinemia. Method: Sixty-six neonatal SD rats were randomly divided into the normal control group (group A) and the model group (group M) . Hyperbilirubinemia models were established by intraperitoneal injection of bilirubin solution at the age of 7 days and 10 days. After the last injection, 6 rats were randomly selected from group A and M to verify the success of the model establishment, and then group M was randomly divided into group B and group C. Rats in group C were injected with 80 μg/kg irisin solution in lateral ventricles, and the other groups were injected with the same amount of PBS. After the injection into lateral ventricle, groups A, B and C were further divided into three subgroups according to different points of death. Neurobehavioral tests were performed at each time point. Morphology of cortical or hippocampal nerve cells was detected by HE staining, and the concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 were detected by ELISA. Result: At 12h, there was no significant difference in the time of plane righting reflex among the three groups (P>0.05) ；At 24h, the rats in group B and C were longer than those in group A（P>0.05) ；At 48h, group B was longer than group A and C (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between group A and C (P>0.05) . There was no significant difference in tropism test among the three groups at each time point (P>0.05) . Under the HE staining, the cortex neuron structure in group A were clear and complete but the number of hippocampal neurons was reduce；in group B and C, the number of neurons in cortex and hippocampus was decreased, the structure was disordered, and different degrees of pathological damage were observed. Group C was better than group B. Under the ELISA, the concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in group B were higher than those in group A at each time point (P>0.05) ；the concentrations of TNF-α, IL1β and IL-6 in group C were significantly lower than those in group B at each time point (P>0.05) ；the concentration of TNF-α in the brain tissue of group C was higher than that of group A at 12h (P>0.05), and at 24h and 48h were lower than those in group A (P>0.05) ；the concentration of IL-6 in the brain tissue of group C was lower than that of group A at 12h and 24h (P>0.05) ；at 48h, there was no significant difference in the concentration of IL-6 between group C and group A（P>0.05) ；the concentration of IL-1β in the brain tissue of group C was not significantly different from that of group A at the three time points（P>0.05) . Conclusion: Irisin can effectively reduce the release of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in the brain tissue of neonatal rats with hyperbilirubinemia, and play an anti-inflammatory role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To compare the efficacy of ankle arthroscopic microfracture surgery and conventional open surgery in the treatment of osteochondral injury (OLT) of talus. The clinical data of 90 OLT patients who were admitted to Beijing Ditan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from May 2017 to May 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into group A (conventional open surgery, 44 cases ) and group B (ankle arthroscopic microfracture surgery, 46 cases) according to the different surgical methods. The clinical indicators, visual analogue scale (VAS), American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS)score, ankle dorsiflexion-metatarsal flexion activity, imaging evaluation results and complication rate were compared between two groups. The intraoperative blood loss in group B was less than that in group A, and the operation time, walking time and full weight-bearing time were shorter than those in group A (P<0.05). At the final follow-up, the VAS score in group B was lower than that ingroup A, the AOFAS score was higher than that in group A, and the ankle dorsiflexion-plantar flexion activity was greater than that ingroup A (P<0.05). The modified Outer bridge grading and Kellgren-Lawrence grading ratio in two groups were improved at the last follow-up, and the improvement effect in group B was better than that in group A (P<0.05). The incidence of complications in group B was lower than that in group A (P<0.05). Compare with conventional open surgery, ankle arthroscopic microfracture surgery for OLT patients has better efficacy in restoring ankle function, relieving pain and promoting the rehabilitation process, and can also reduce the incidence of complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To study the(*ausal ndationship between ten intakes and the incidence of colorectal cane(江 using two 一 sampler Mcndclian i\.mclonnzation. Methods Using the colomctal cdncex genome - wide association analysis data (GW AS ID： icu - b - 4965) and ten intake genome -賀 ide association analysis data (GW AS ID: ukl)一 h -6066) in the IEU OPEN GW AS public databases, we summarizcxl and scmcncd the two data sets for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) which 胃cm closely r(dat(xl to and independent of ten intakes as instrnm(niti.d variables (IVs), By using MR 一 Egg(江 and irrverse varian(*e weighting in two - sample M(nid(dian randomization, Fiw: methods (IVW), weighted m(xlian method (Weighted Median), simple mod(d (Simple Mode) and w(dglit(xl model (Weighted Mode) w(te used to (lctcnuinc the(*ansal analysis between ten intakes and the incidence of colorectal ennee匚 OR and 95% CI were, iiscxl to (examine the (*ansal relationship between ten intakes and the incidence of colorectal cimcc匚 MR 一 PRESSO was us(xl for outlicr testing. IVW (Co(*hran Q test) and MR 一 Egget (Riick(江 Q test) wcm iiscxl for heterogeneity analysis. Egget -- intercept was ns(xl for pkdotropy test, sensitivity analysis was p(Tfbrm(xl by -- one -- out method, and funned plot was used to analyze the presence of potential bias. Results 39 SNPs were finally in(dnd(xl, and MR 一 PRESSO foiind no outlier SNPs = P = 0. 237 > 0. 05; in terms of (causality determination: IVW (OR = 0. 996, 95% C/：0. 990-1.002, P= 0. 293), MR - E 弊江(OR =0, 992, 95% CI ：0.977 - 1.007, P= 0. 293), Weighted Median (OR =0, 997, 95% CI： 0. 987 - 1,007, P = 0.479), Simple Mode (OR =0, 996, 95% CZ： 0. 976 - 1.017, P = 0. 724), Weighted Mode (OR =0, 996, 95% C/：0. 985 - 1,007, P =0. 473). The nhovc nidts showcxl that there was no (*ausal rdationship het科ccn ten intakes and the incidence of colorectal eaneex. In the heterogeneity test, P = 0. 181 > 0. 05 in Co(*hran Q test and P = 0. 167 > 0. 05 in Ruck(江 Q test. Them was no signili(*ant heterogeneity. The Egget -- intercept test show(xl that P =0, 489 > 0. 05 and was not plciottopic. The leave -- one -- out method was r(mov(xl one by one, and no SNPs significantly affecting the nsidts were fbnncL The funned plot was hnsically symmetrical, indi(*ating that the main nsidts were ndiablct Conclusion There is no cnusal ndationship between t(血 intakes and the incidence of colorectal cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] In view of the absorption and enrichment of heavy metals in agricultural solid waste by earthworms. [Method]This paper regulates the concentrations of Pb, Cr and Cd by adding exogenous heavy metal salts, studies the changes of the physicochemical properties and the total amount of heavy metals in the bait, and analyzes the influence of the concentrations of Pb, Cr and Cd in the bait on the enrichment of heavy metals by earthworms. [Result]The results showed that: after vermicomposting, the contents of TN, TP were significantly increased (P<0. 05), the contents of TK and organic matter were significantly decreased (P< 0. 05), and pH value was not significantly changed (P>0. 05). The concentrations of Pb, Cr and Cd decreased in different degrees compared with those before treatment. The enrichment coefficients of earthworms on Pb, Cr and Cd were 0. 18, 0. 55 and 17. 97, respectively. [Conclusion] Studies have shown that earthworms have different levels of absorption and enrichment of Pb, Cr and Cd in agricultural solid waste. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid development of biotechnology and information technology has brought life sciences into a new era of data explosion. The traditional life science research paradigm struggles to reveal the fundamental rules of complex biological systems from rapidly growing biological big data. As artificial intelligence continues to achieve disruptive breakthroughs in life science, a new paradigm driven by AI is emerging. This study delves into typical examples of life science research driven by AI, proposes the concept and key elements of the new life science research paradigm, elaborates on the cutting-edge of life science research under this new paradigm, and discusses the challenges in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rod-shaped structure of NaGdF: Ybs+, Ers+ nanopowders was created by hydrothermal method using disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (ET)TA-2Na) as chelating agent. By using X-ray diffraction (XRT)), fluorescence spectrometry (PL), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the crystal structure, luminescence intensity, and surface morphology of NaOdF: Yb'+, Er'+ were investigated and quantified. Herein, on the converted luminescence intensity on NaGdFi: Yb'+, Er'+ nanopowders, the impacts of experimental conditions of rare earth precursors, hydrothermal temperature and hydrothermal time were made an effective inquiry. Fluorine and sodium sources' effects on NaGF: Yb"+, Er'+ crystal shape and upconversion luminescence intensity were investigated. Meanwhile, the effects on the morphology and luminescence intensity of the samples were further investigated using the calcination procedure. The results of the experiment indicate that the most optimal luminescence intensity of NaGdFd: Ybs+, Ers+ is obtained from a rod structure that using NHd F and NaOH as fluorine and sodium sources respectively and undergone calcination at 200 °C for 1 hour. As a result, the green luminescence purity, measured through the Commission Internationale de Teclairage (CTE), was significantly improved from 84% to 94.88%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The aims of this sutdy are to explore the effects of different hedgerows on water and salt distribution in surface soil of Taihang Mountains, and to provide theoretical and practical basis for optimal hedgerow layout and soil erosion reduction. [Methods] The hedgerow plots of Mentha haplocalyx Briq., Paeonia lactiflora Pall., Ageratina adenophora Spreng, Artemisia argyi, Physalis alkekengi L. and Houttuynia cordata Thunb in the south slope of Taihang Mountain with a slope of 13° and an altitude of 152 meters were taken as the research objects, and the blank bare land plot was taken as the control, the plant samples and 0—20 cm soil with upper, middle and lower belts in each plot were collected. The differences of plant physiological characteristics and soil water and salt characteristics were compared and analyzed. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis were used to comprehensively evaluate the influence of hedgerows on soil water and salt distribution. [Results]（1） Differences in physiological characteristics of hedgerows were observed. The aboveground, underground and total biomass of Mentha haplocalyx Briq. and Paeonia lactiflora Pall. were higher, while those of Physalis alkekengi L. and Houttuynia cordata Thunb were lower. The root-shoot ratio of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. was the highest（p＜0.05）. The moisture contents of Physalis alkekengi L. and Houttuynia cordata Thunb were higher, while that of Paeonia lactiflora was the lowest.（2） Hedgerows affected soil water salinity on sloping land. Compared with the blank bare land, the average soil bulk density of the middle and lower hedgerows decreased by 9.23% and 7.22%. The average natural water content, saturated water capacity, capillary water capacity and field water capacity in the hedgerow increased by 8.10%, 14.98%, 21.49%, and 19.78%, respectively. The average conductivity under the hedgerow decreased by 9.97%.（3） Hedgerow type and hedgerow position had a cross effect on soil water and salt distribution. Hedgerow type significantly affected natural water content, saturated water holding capacity, capillary water holding capacity, field water holding capacity, soil pH and soil conductivity（p＜0.05）. Hedgerow position significantly affected soil conductivity（p＜0.05）. Plant type×hedgerow position significantly affected natural water content and soil conductivity（p＜0.05）.（4） The physiological characteristics of hedgerows were significantly correlated with soil water and salt. There were significant or extremely significant correlations between underground biomass, root shoot ratio, plant water content and soil water and salt indexes（p＜0.05, p＜0.01）.（5） The order of influence ability of hedgerows on soil water and salt distribution was: Paeonia lactiflora Pall.＞Ageratina adenophora Spreng＞Physalis alkekengi L.＞Houttuynia cordata Thunb＞Mentha haplocalyx Briq.＞Artemisia argyi. [Conclusion] Hedgerows significantly affected the distribution of water and salt in the surface soil of slope land. Paeonia lactiflora Pall. hedgerow had the strongest influence on the distribution of water and salt in the surface soil, while Artemisia argyi was the weakest. Therefore, the hedgerow of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. hedgerow can be preferred to prevent water and salt loss in slope land. If the hedgerow of Artemisia argyi is adopted, the mixed planting mode and reasonable layout should be adopted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To improve the on-site management level of open-pit mines and the computing efficiency of the on-site visualization system of intelligent construction, without changing the overall logic architecture of the on-site visualiza- tion system, the communication mode of all terminal loT probes is changed to 5G communication. A computer network security evaluation algorithm based on particle optimization neural network is studied. The neural network is used to assign values to the particle swarm initialization process, and after the particle swarm optimization convergence is com- pleted, the neural network is used to further reduce the dimensionality of its output results, finally, 4 data warning lev- els are built using the fuzzy decision matrix. The simulation software was used to test the system, and it was found that the algorithm had high comprehensive efficiency in detecting flood attacks, scanning attacks, injection attacks, and internal faults. The application of 5G network security technology effectively reduces the management workload for on-site infrastructure, greatly increasing the throughput of system data and prominently improving the sensitivity of visualiza- tion and network stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the problems that SSA is prone to fall into local optimal and relatively low accuracy during search iteration. This paper proposed an enhanced sparrow search algorithm with multiple strategies (ESSA). At first, ESSA applied Lévy flight and cloud based adaptive weights to refine the original discoverers’ position update equation, which expanded the search range and enriched population diversity of the algorithm. Secondly, ESSA adopted a fuzzy control based adaptive lens imaging strategy to get the reversed position of the current optimal position to enhance the algorithm’s ability to jump out of local optimal. This paper selected 12 test functions from CEC2017 testbed as benchmark to evaluate the performance of ESSA with standard SSA, and other 4 improved sparrow algorithms: ISSA, MSSSA, HSSA, and SHSSA. Experiment result shows that ESSA can achieve the supreme results among evaluated algorithms. This paper also applied ESSA to the 3D UAV path planning problem. The simulation result illustrates that ESSA can also find the supreme 3D paths for UAV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global prevalence of metabolic dysfunction – associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is as high as 25% - 30%. MAFLD is closely associated with the morbidity and mortality of liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, extrahepatic malig- nancies, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular diseases, resulting in substantial burden of diseases. Lifestyle interventions using diet and exercise to achieve weight loss remains a first – line therapy in patients with MAFLD. This article reviews the progress of lifestyle interventions for MAFLD to provide a reference for the treatment of this disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Privacy protection and task allocation are two core issues in spatial crowdsourcing. Based on Euclidean space, most of existing researches use geo-indistinguishability (GeoI) to protect location privacy, while ignoring the underlying road network information, which leads to privacy leakage and utility loss of crowdsourcing workers. In order to protect the location privacy of workers and produce small utility loss, a privacy-preserving batch task allocation algorithm framework for road network is proposed. Firstly, the graph-exponential mechanism optimization problem is proposed, and a greedy algorithm is designed to find the approximate optimal solution. At the same time, the edge server is introduced as the privacy protection agent of workers. Then, the task allocation problem is transformed into a bipartite graph maximum flow problem with the weight of workers􀆳 travel distance, and the optimal solution is obtained by using Kuhn Munkras (KM) algorithm. Finally, the experiment results show that the proposed algorithms significantly improves both privacy protection and utility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The name "flax" is commonly used in various historical records of ancient China, and there have been continuous debates about the specific meaning of "flax". The "flax theorists" believe that due to climate characteristics, sesame cannot be introduced and cultivated in the northwest region of China, so "flax" inevitably refers to flax with better cold resistance. This paper maintains that the term "flax" in historical literature refers to sesame rather than flax. Meanwhile, archaeological achievements in the northwest region of China indicate that sesame may have spread to Xinjiang, China through Central Asia during the pre-Qin period, and have been active in the social and economic life of the northwest region for a long time since then. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as the components of atmospheric pollutants have been potentially harmful to the environment and human health. Swine production, one of the pillar livestock industries, is severely hampered by some air pollution issues, such as the emissions of odor and VOCs. The odor complaints were reported the most, accounting for 12.7% of the whole Chinese livestock industry in 2020, according to the Study "Analysis of National Odor Pollution Complaints in 2018-2020" from the National Ministry of Ecology and Environment. Odor pollution is considered as one of the major environment issues in the large-scale swine production, hindering the sustainable development of the industry. Therefore, it is critical to implement the odor pollution prevention and control measures in the large-scale swine production industry. However, the VOCs, components of the odorous pollutants, vary greatly in the organic molecules in the frequent present of the air, leading to difficulty in mitigation of odor. Generally, the VOCs are the significant precursors of ozone (O3 ) and secondary aerosols (SOA). Once the concentration of VOCs exceeds a certain threshold value, a significant negative impact can be imposed on the environment, as well as human and animal health. Therefore, mitigation measures are essential to reduce the VOC emissions, and their negative impact on the environment and public health. In this review, VOCs emitted from the swine production was introduced from the aspects of characteristics and reduction potential. The types, characteristics, and sources of VOCs from pig farms were elucidated, together with the properties of odor-causing VOCs and detection. The factors that could impact the VOCs concentration were also illustrated, such as ventilation in barn, pig breed and manure cleaning. In addition, different testing methods and standards were selected for the variations in the composition of VOCs. The most common VOCs in swine production were found as the volatile fatty acids (VFA), olefins, alkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, esters, ethers, phenols, indoles, organic sulfur, aldehydes, and ketones. Among them, the VFA, phenol, indole, and organosulfur were the most common odor-causing substances. The sources of VOCs were then analyzed for the efficient odor management. Manure, indoor air, and dust were the three main sources of VOCs in pig barns, which are considered as the primary risk of the environment and human health. The odor annoyance was found to be directly caused in the neighborhood, leading to the formation of ground-level ozone and secondary aerosols when exposed to the air. The detection methods of VOCs generally consisted of the discrete and continuous approaches. The typical VOCs measurement steps of discrete approaches were the sample collection, pre-treatment, and analysis. The commonly used continuous detection instrument was the proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry (PTR-TOF-MS). Finally, the primary VOCs treatment technologies were evaluated from three aspects of VOCs reduction in pig farms: source reduction, process control, and end treatment. Source reduction of VOCs, i.e., adjustments in the feed rations and the additives could improve the physiology and production performance of pigs. Process management of the VOCs reduction was achieved after adjustments in feeding and ventilation systems. The better manure cleaning practices were applied to limit the off-gassing from swine production. End treatment mainly included the VOCs treatment technologies of manure and ambient air treatment. Traditional VOCs treatment technologies were divided into two categories: recycling and degradation treatments. Photocatalytic oxidation, active material adsorption, low temperature plasma technology and degradation methods with the bio filters can be expected to gradually replace the traditional treatments and become the key technologies for the VOCs treatment. The finding can contribute to the more sustainable development in animal husbandry, in order to mitigate the negative environmental and health impacts caused by the VOC emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To construct the auxiliary system of outpatient drug distribution, reduce errors and improve the quality of outpatient pharmaceutical service. Methods The bar code technology was used to independently develop outpatient pharmacy dispensing assistant system. The system design and function are introduced. The practical application effect of the system was evaluated on dispensing errors, efficiency and pharmacist evaluation. Results Based on the special network environment of the hospital, the system integrated the functions of drug check, prescription right management, expiration date management and medication instruction. After using the system, the number of dispensing errors decreased from 84 to 25. The waiting time for patients to receive medicine decreased by 151 seconds. All pharmacists surveyed agreed that auxiliary system was helpful to pharmacists ’ work. Conclusion The system reduced the medication dispensing error in outpatient pharmacy, improved work efficiency and the quality of pharmaceutical care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Recurrent lumbar disc herniation is an adverse event after percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy. Accurately predicting the risk of recurrent lumbar disc herniation after surgery remains a major challenge for spine surgeons. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk factors for recurrent lumbar disc herniation after percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy, and to develop and validate an effective predictive model. METHODS: Clinical data from 365 patients with lumbar disc herniation who underwent percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy at the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from January 1, 2017 to January 1, 2020 were retrospectively collected. Predictors significantly associated with postoperative lumbar disc herniation recurrence were screened according to least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis, and a prediction model was established, followed by internal validation of the model using the enhanced Bootstrap validation method. The performance of the model was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curve and calibration curves. Finally, the clinical utility of the model was analyzed using decision curves and clinical impact curves. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Among the 365 patients included in this study, there were 33 recurrences (9.0%) after percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy. (2) Six factors that were significantly associated with recurrence after percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy were selected by LASSO regression, including age, operative segment, Modic changes, Pfirrmann classification, smoking history, and intense physical work. (3) The bias-corrected curve of the model fitted well with the apparent curve, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.909 and 95% confidence interval of (0.860-0.958). (4) The model has good clinical utility and is useful for clinicians to identify high-risk patients preoperatively and to individualize treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are multiple methylation modifications in eukaryotic mRNA, among which the N6-adenotide methylation (N-methyladenosine, m6A) modification is one of the most common dynamical internal modifications. m6A is the methylation modification that occurs on the sixth nitrogen atom of RNA adenine, which is able to be dynamically added by methyltransferases, removed by demethylases, and recognized by reading proteins. Recently, m6 A methylase components in plant have been identified and found to play important roles in plant embryo development, shoot apical meristem proliferation, flowering, as well as stress resistance. This paper reviews the plant m6A methylase compositions and research progress of function of m6A in plant growth and development and stress resistance, and provides a bioinformatics analysis of m6A enzymes in Brassica napus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Box-behnken design-response surface method (BBD) was used to optimize the extraction conditions of aloin from aloe vera skin by ultrasonic alcohol extraction in order to improve the yield of aloin. The stability of aloin was preliminarily analyzed by single factor test. Extraction time, ultrasonic power, solid-liquid ratio and ethanol concentration were used as the single factors affecting the extraction of aloin. A response surface data model with four factors and three levels was established. The optimal extraction rate was obtained as follows: extraction time of 10 min, power of 700W, liquid-solid ratio of 1:50(g/mL), ethanol concentration 64%, the yield of aloin was 7.215 mg/g. According to the preliminary stability study, the related products are suitable to be stored at low temperature and protected from light. If they are in solution state, in ascorbic acid or citric acid need to be added (pH=5). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the problems of uneven radial force and leakage caused by the high pressure of the double-stage high-pressure internal gear pump, this paper conducts a simulation study on the performance of the double-stage high-pressure internal gear pump based on Fluid simulation. The study found that by increasing the diameter of the suction pipe or increasing the inlet pressure, the cavitation of the suction cavity in the first boost can be effectively controlled; the gap between the crescent plate and the pinion in the double-stage high-pressure internal gear pump, the gap is small, but the oil leakage rate is very high, and the oil leakage can be reduced by adding a floating sleeve or floating side plate; The flow field distribution of the double-stage high-pressure pump is basically unchanged under different pressures. The negative pressure area of the internal field of the double-stage high-pressure pump under different media is different. By setting the static pressure support groove, the unbalanced radial force in the ring gear can be effectively reduced. The research conclusion can provide a theoretical basis for the engineering application of the two-stage high-pressure internal gear pump. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering most studies focused on the maintenance policy optimization but neglected the ordering decision of spare parts, a joint policy of condition-based maintenance and spare part ordering under imperfect maintenance for single-component systems based on the remaining useful life（RUL）was proposed. The control limit policy was used to determine whether to perform minimal maintenance, preventive maintenance or corrective replacement. When the system degradation reaches the preventive maintenance threshold, the imperfect maintenance was carried out. Simultaneously, the RUL was predicted and the preventive replacement threshold and ordering threshold were introduced to decide whether to carry out preventive replacement or order spare parts. Considering the degradation state of systems and the state of spare parts, all the possible update events were analyzed to calculate the occurrence probability of each event, and the cost-time rate model of such a joint policy was constructed by using the renewal award theorem. Finally, the discrete event simulation algorithm was designed to optimize the detection interval and the imperfect maintenance threshold in a numerical example, and the effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm was verified as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new classification model of electrocardiogram (ECG) signal based on particle swarm optimization feature selection (PSOFS) and TSK (Takagi-Sugeno-Kang) fuzzy system was proposed, i.e., parallel ensemble fuzzy neural network based on PSOFS and TSK (PE-PT-FN), which was used for ECG prediction. Each class sample in the training set was randomly sampled, and the samples obtained by randomly sampled were added. Then, the feature selection method PSOFS was carried out independently and parallelly. In PSOFS, particles that were random initial positions represent different feature subsets and converge to the optimal positions after many iterations. Each subset had a corresponding feature subset. Several groups of TSK fuzzy neural network (TSK-FNN) were trained by each feature subset in parallel. Medical researchers could effectively find the correlation between ECG signal data and different types of disease through the interpretability of the fuzzy system and the feature subsets by the PSOFS algorithm. Experiments prove that PE-PT-FN greatly improves the macro-R to 92.35% while retaining interpretability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to clarify the key points of machine learning in surface deformation prediction of shield tunneling, the development background of machine learning was introduced, and the engineering application of machine learning was summarized from the aspects of database establishment, data preprocessing, model framework construction and model evaluation. It was pointed out that the shortcomings of the current relevant research were the lack of professional public database and the uneven quality of engineering data; for engineering with different stratum types, the model was prone to over fitting. At the same time, the further development direction of machine learning in shield tunneling surface deformation prediction was discussed, including the effective combination of algorithms could learn from each other; there was still a large research and application space for feature selection and super parameter optimization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on a large foundation pit excavation project directly above a shield tunnel in Hangzhou, the influence of gabled reinforcement and divisional and block excavation measures on tunnel deformation were analyzed from the perspective of measured data. To study the deformation characteristics of tunnel in the process of divisional and block excavation, the vertical deformation, horizontal deformation and convergence deformation of subway tunnel in each stage during foundation pit excavation were compared, combined with the deformation control value. The analysis results showed that the reinforcement of "door" triaxial mixing pile strengthened the anti-deformation ability of soil and effectively reduced the deformation influence of upper unloading on shield tunnel. The excavation method of divisional and block foundation pit made use of the time-space effect, which greatly reduced the uplift deformation of the tunnel in the process of foundation pit excavation and unloading. The influence of mixing pile construction on the convergence value of tunnel was much greater than that of foundation pit excavation. Light disturbance construction technology could be adopted for similar projects in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Chinese government has planned to hit the carbon emission peak before 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060. In this case, it is a high demand to reduce emissions, especially greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Among them, the livestock industry has been the greatest GHG emission source in agriculture sectors, accounting for 80% of total agricultural non-carbon dioxide emissions. The Emissions Gap Report 2021 has released that the methane emissions can be reduced from fossil fuels and agricultural wastes, further, slowing down global warming in the shortterm. Therefore, a low-carbon livestock industry can also make a great contribution to achieving the carbon neutrality. In this study, a systematic review was made on the agricultural carbon emissions in China, with emphasis on the sources of GHG emissions in animal production systems. Some suggestions were also proposed to reduce the GHG emissions from the livestock and poultry. The carbon emission of the agriculture sector has been the third-largest source of GHG emissions, accounting for about 6.7% of the total emissions in China. The GHG emissions of animal respiration, ruminant intestinal fermentation, and manure are regarded as the direct sources, whereas, the indirect GHG emissions include feed production and processing, the energy consumption of equipment and facilities, as well as animal product processing and transportation. Enteric fermentation has been the largest source of GHG emissions from livestock, according to the global livestock environmental assessment model. Finally, some technologies were also summarized to reduce the GHG emissions from the livestock and poultry. The low-carbon path contained three parts, the source, the process, and the end, according to the whole life cycle of animal husbandry production. Correspondingly, there was a gradual increase in the indirect GHG emissions via energy consumption during the breeding process of livestock and poultry, particularly with the increase in the production and demand of livestock. Moreover, one of the key strategies is necessary to conduct the financial investment and the national incentive mechanism, thereby achieving carbon neutrality. Therefore, this review can greatly contribute to promoting carbon neutrality for the sustainable development of the livestock industry. Four recommendations were made as follows: 1) To monitor the GHG emissions from the livestock industry throughout the entire process and scientifically evaluate GHG emissions and reduction potential of each link; 2) To strengthen the clean production in animal husbandry, including basic and innovative research, further to promote the animal husbandry in a green, low-carbon, and efficient way; 3) To develop the green and low-carbon utilization of manure resources from the livestock and poultry production; and 4) To integrate the modern information technology for the low-carbon emission reduction in the digitally empowered livestock industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to solve the problem that the label semantic wasn’t fully utilized in cross modal hash retrieval method, which led to weak discrimination and low retrieval accuracy of hash code, this paper proposed a hash method named DICH-SSP (discriminant cross-modal hash with semantic similarity preservation). It projected the feature of heterogeneous modalities into a common subspace, and embedded the discriminant information and latent correlation of labels into the common subspace combined with multi-label kernel discriminant analysis. Then, it minimized the quantization error between the common subspace and the hash code to improve the discrimination of the hash code. In addition, this paper constructed the semantic similarity matrix by calculating the similarity between labels. DICH-SSP preserved the semantic similarity into hash codes, which could further improve the retrieval accuracy of hash codes. Extensive experiments on the three benchmark data sets of LabelMe,MIRFlickr-25 k, and NUS-WIDE demonstrate the effectiveness of DICH-SSP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Using the two materials of genipin crosslinking β-tricalcium phosphate and chitosan, we explored an effective and simple synthetic method to form a stable hydrogel material with good biocompatibility. This will lay a foundation for the application of tissue engineering in bone defect repair in the future. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of β-tricalcium phosphate modified chitosan hydrogel on the growth and mineralization of dental pulp stem cells. METHODS: Chitosan and β-tricalcium phosphate were selected as raw materials to construct biomimetic bone tissue engineering hydrogel with different ratios. The physical and chemical properties of the hydrogel were tested, including morphology, porosity and release of calcium in the extract. The human dental pulp stem cells were then co-cultured with hydrogel to observe their growth, adhesion and mineralization. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The chitosan hydrogel with β-tricalcium phosphate was more uniform in pore size and more stable in morphology. The hydrogel could release calcium continuously. (2) The hydrogel added with β-tricalcium phosphate showed good biocompatibility after co-culture with dental pulp stem cells, and was able to induce mineralization of dental pulp stem cells without adding osteogenic inducer. (3) The hydrogel obtained in this experiment has good biocompatibility and certain osteoinductivity, which provides a new idea for the preparation of new tissue engineering materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective：To investigate the effect of irisin on apoptosis of hyperbilirubinemia cells in neonatal rats. Method：Ninety-six newborn SD rats were randomly divided into the control group (N group) and the model group(M group) . The model was established by intraperitoneal injection of bilirubin solution at age 7 and 10 days. After successful modeling, the M group was randomly divided into four groups: T0, T1, T2, T3. Groups T1, T2, and T3 received intracerebroventricular injections of 40, 60, and 80 μg/kg irisin solution, respectively, while the other groups were injected with an equivalent volume of phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solution. After 24 hours, neurobehavioral assessments were conducted, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, terminal - deoxynucleoitidyl transferase mediated Nick end labeling (Tunel) were used to detect the hippocampus pathological changes and apoptosis rate statistics, and Western Blot was used to detect relative expression levels of Bcl-2, Bax and Caspase-3 proteins in hippocampus. Result: After irisin injection, the T3 group required less time needed for planar double positive reflection than the T0, T1, T2 and more than N group （P<0.01)；negative geotaxis reflex time was also less in T3 group compared to T0, T1, T2 groups（P<0.01, P<0.05). HE staining showed nuclear pyknosis, cleavage, and disordered arrangement of hippocampal neurons in the M group. The cell morphology was improved to varying degrees in T1, T2 and T3 groups. Tunel staining showed increased Tunel+ cells throughout the field in M group, sparse distribution in N group and lower apoptosis rates in T3 group compared to T0 and T1 groups （P< 0.05). Western Blot showed no significant difference in the relative expression of Bcl- 2 protein among all groups（P>0.05)；T0 group had higher Bax protein levels compared to the rest of groups （P<0.05), and lower in T3 group compared to T1 group （P<0.05)；The Bcl-2/Bax ratio was lower in T0 group compared to N and T3 group（P<0.05), and lower in T1, T2 groups compared to T3 group （P<0.05)；The expression of Caspase-3 protein were higher in T0 group than that in other groups （P<0.05), lower in N group than T1 group （P<0.05), and higher in T1 group than T3 group（P<0.05). Conclusion：Irisin may reduce the apoptosis of nerve cells by reducing the expression of Bax and Caspase-3 protein and increasing the Bcl-2/Bax ratio, with effects dependent on the injection dose of irisin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Apples are the most widely consumed fruits in dominant agricultural products with the largest planting area in China. However, mechanized pruning of apple trees is still lacking, particularly on the automation and intelligence, due to a high intensity of manual labor in current China. Artificial intelligence techniques for pruning can be expected to greatly improve the photosynthetic efficiency of fruits, thereby to optimize the transport and distribution of nutrients in fruit trees for the better yield and quality. In this study, an intelligent decision support system for pruning apple tree was established using the local point cloud and BP neural network, according to tree shape and artificial intelligent decision making framework. The first fruiting fusiform apple trees were selected as experimental subjects, in order to obtain the actual conditions of tree branches in an apple. The data collection site was selected as the Bakou Fruit Tree Experimental Garden in Beijing, China, and the collection time was autumn 2019. A MESA SR4000 Time of Flight (ToF) depth camera was selected as the data acquisition device. 15 fruit trees with regular shapes were set for data collection, 8 different angles for each tree from which to capture the branch part, and finally a total of 120 datasets were collected. 5 feature values were used to represent the spatial morphology of apple tree branches, where the local point cloud segmentation technique was selected for the 3D skeleton extraction of branches. Specifically, a Harris corner-point detection was conducted to generate the initial candidate points, then to filter the neighboring candidate points by cohesive hierarchy, and thereby extract the 3D skeletal key points by depth hierarchy analysis further to establish the spatial vectors of branches using the line coverage, as well as obtain the 3D spatial morphological feature data of apple tree branches. Thus, a 3D skeletal map of branches was achieved to realize the digital simulation of the real tree branches. A BP neural network using pruning decision was then established to discriminate the competing branches and disturbing branch types (dorsal, centripetal and competing branches) with 3D skeletal maps, while determine whether the branch was cut or not. The learning rate of the system reached 0.85 after training and testing, when the implicit layer node was 10. The pruning decision scheme has a good degree of discrimination for dorsal and centripetal branches, with an accuracy rate of more than 90%. The overall detection rate of interference branches was 85.71%, indicating a high standard level. Taking Python as the programming language, while the Django and TensorFlow as the deep learning framework, a new system was developed with the functions of 3D bone extraction of tree branches, pruning apple tree, and information query of apple tree pruning. The system can realize the digital processing and intelligent pruning of apple trees, providing scientific and reliable tools for mechanized pruning of fruit trees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Chronic soft tissue injury is easy to occur during daily living, sports training, treatment and rehabilitation of various acute and chronic diseases. Chronic soft tissue injury can cause pain. If there is no good treatment for the injured soft tissue, it is easy to develop limb dysfunctions (such as limited joint movements) due to have cicatricial contraction and adhesion, limited human activity and participation ability, affecting the quality of daily life activities. It can also reduce the effect of sports training or rehabilitation treatment for athletes and patients with various acute and chronic diseases. In recent years, the treatment of chronic soft tissue injury by instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization has been widely concerned, which has a positive effect on pain relief after chronic soft tissue injury. This technology has been widely studied abroad, but less in China. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the progress of instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization in the treatment of chronic soft tissue injury. METHODS: PubMed, WanFang, and CNKI were searched. Relevant literature concerning instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization, chronic soft tissue injury and pain was retrieved and summarized. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization has a positive effect on the improvement of pain and joint limitation caused by chronic soft tissue injury. It has been proved that instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization can also improve the soft tissue function of healthy people. Instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization is suggested to be used in clinical treatment and sports training as a means of treatment and prevention. Current basic research on this technology is still insufficient. In the future, in addition to a large number of clinical randomized controlled studies, we should deeply explore its action mechanism to provide theoretical support for clinical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Concentric drum movement is a project that needs many people to work together. The drum is regarded as a hollow cylinder rigid body, and the collision recovery coefficient and rotary inertia model are introduced. At the same time, the optimal concentric cooperation strategy is to maximize the ratio of the rest time of team members and the work done by team members. The strategy optimization models of concentric cooperation under ideal and non-deal conditions are constructed respectively. This paper discusses the effect of different force conditions on the angle of the drum surface and the optimization of the strategy when the angle of the drum surface existed. The results show that there is an angle of the drum surface in the non-ideal state. In order to keep the ball vertical after rebounding, the timing and force of the two members adjacent to the resultant force should be different from the other members who do not participate in the adjustment. The farther the distance between the two members involved in the adjustment, the less the effect on the drum inclination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to develop an NH3 concentration monitoring system based on tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) for real-time and in-situ control the environment of livestock and poultry houses. In an air chamber, an optical path was attached to a butterfly laser with a wavelength of 1512 nm as the light source. NH3 concentration was then detected in livestock poultry houses based on the molecular absorption spectroscopy and wavelength modulation technology. To optimize the performance of TDLAS system, the optimal modulation parameters were determined via tailoring the amplitude and frequency of sawtooth scanning signal and the sinusoidal modulation signal, as well as the phase difference between the input and the reference signals. Moreover, the optimal parameters included the heating temperature in an air chamber, system response time, and the average number of second harmonics. Finally, the concentration calibration experiments were used to verify the performance of TDLAS system. The results showed that the optimal second harmonic shape and amplitude were obtained when the frequency and amplitude of sinusoidal modulation signal were set as 9 kHz and 30 mV, respectively, while the scanning frequency and range of sawtooth scanning signal as 1 Hz and 170-215 mV, respectively, as well the phase difference between the input signal and the reference signal as 50°. The concentration calibration test achieved for the standard gas (N2, NH3). There was a good linear relationship between the different concentrations of NH3 and the amplitude of second harmonic (the correlation coefficient of fitting equation r 2= 0.9958). The response time of detection system was about 42 s, from the start of air chamber self-inflation to the time when the target concentration of 99% was reached. In the response test, the results showed that the appropriate increase in the flow rate of gas can effectively improve the detection efficiency of system. According to the temperature test, too high heating temperature has led to ammonia oxidation, whereas too low heating temperature cannot effectively limit ammonia adsorption in the gas chamber. The adsorption of NH3 reached the lowest level, when the heating temperature was set as 403 K in the chamber. According to Allan variance analysis, the TDLAS system reached the detection limit of 0.038 mg/m3 when the integration time was 10 s. The average number was set to 5 times, indicating a high accuracy during the stable period of detection system. Performance tests were performed on the system under the optimal system parameters, indicating a comprehensive linear error of 1.00%, and a quantitative comprehensive repeated error of 0.51%. In four concentration conditions, the accuracy and stability of detection system were close to that of the acousto-optic spectrum detection, and better than that of the electrochemical detection. The findings demonstrated that the developed system can present highly accurate detection and stable performance, and thereby to serve as the needs of long-term continuous monitoring of NH3 concentration in livestock houses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective This study was to investigate the perioperative safety of cytoreductive surgery (CRS) plus hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) for pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP), and analyze the risk factors of serious adverse events (SAEs). Methods The occurrences of perioperative SAEs were retrospectively analyzed in 254 PMP patients treated with CRS plus HIPEC. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to identify independent risk factors. Results Among the 272 CRS plus HIPEC procedures for 254 PMP patients, a total of 93 (34.2%) perioperative SAEs occurred, including 26 in infection, 22 in digestive system, 17 in respiratory system, 15 in cardiovascular system, 8 in hematological system, and 4 in urinary system. In terms of severity, the vast majority was grade â…¢ with 76 cases, followed by grade â…£ with 13 cases and grade â…¤ with 4 cases. Univariate analysis revealed 3 risk factors of perioperative SAEs: HIPEC regimen (P=0.020), intraoperative red blood cell transfusion volume (P=0.004), and intraoperative blood loss volume (P=0.002). Multivariate analysis by logistic regression model analysis revealed that intraoperative red blood cell transfusion volume was an independent risk factor for perioperative SAEs (OR=1.160, P=0.001). Conclusion In conclusion, the perioperative safety of CRS plus HIPEC was acceptable. Moreover, intraoperative blood loss volume and red blood cell transfusion volume are expected to be reduced in order to prevent SAEs for PMP patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In campus networks, there are a large number of information systems that record the users' daily behavior. By analyzing the daily trajectory information of a large number of users, we can find the behavioral correlation among users, and measure the strength of social relationship among users. Based on the data characteristics of the campus network systemin a Shanghai college, we propose an improved method based on user time series model, which utilizes the shortest time distance to measure the social relationship among users. This method firstly uses the users' behavioral data to generate the time series for users. Based on the time series, it measures the behavioral correlation between two users to quantify the strength of users' social relationship in the real world. Location popularity is used to correct the analysis of the social relationship strength. In the experiment, we apply the method to analyze the data of the campus network system in one Shanghai college, measue the strength of correlation among users, and verify the effectiveness of the method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the influence and mechanism of Danshen Tongluo Jiedu Tang (Salvia Root Collateral-freeing Removing Toxicity Decoction) combined with bone marrow stem cell transplantation (BMSCT) on myocardial fibrosis in rats with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods The bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were isolated and cultured by using whole bone marrow adherence method combined with density gradient centrifugation. The model of AMI was established through ligating the left anterior descending branch (LAD) of coronary artery. The rats were randomly divided into sham-operation group, AMI model group, BMSCT group, Danshen Tongluo Jiedu Tang group (Chinese medicinal group) and Danshen Tongluo Jiedu Tang+BMSCT group (combination group). The model was established in all groups except of sham-operation group, and then Chinese medicinal group and combination group were respectively given orally DTJT and other groups were given orally equivalent saline water once a day for 14 days continuously. The content of collagen in myocardial tissue was observed after Masson staining, and concentration of procollagen type III N-terminal peptide (PⅢP), procollagen type IV N-terminal peptide (PIVP), nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) were detected by using ELISA. The expressions of endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) and thrombomodulin (TM) were detected by using Western blotting assay, and all data was analyzed by using SPSS 19.0 statistical software. Results Compared with sham-operation group, the protein expressions of EPCR and TM decreased, NO level decreased, levels of ET-1, PⅢP and PⅣP increased, and myocardial collagen fiber generation in varying degrees was observed in other groups (P<0.01). The protein expressions of EPCR and TM and NO level increased, and levels of ET-1, PⅢP and PⅣP and myocardial collagen fiber generation decreased in BMSCT group, Chinese medicinal group and combination group compared with AMI group (P<0.01). The protein expressions of EPCR and TM and NO level increased, and levels of ET-1, PⅢP and PⅣP and myocardial collagen fiber generation decreased in Chinese medicinal group compared with BMSCT group (P<0.01). The protein expressions of EPCR and TM and NO level increased, and levels of ET-1, PⅢP and PⅣP and myocardial collagen fiber generation decreased in combination group compared with Chinese medicinal group (P<0.01). Conclusion Danshen Tongluo Jiedu Tang combined with BMSCT can inhibit myocardial fibrosis, and the mechanism may be related to that the protein expressions of myocardial EPCR and TM are up-regulated and vascular endothelial function is protected in AMI rats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Detaenial sigmoid neobladder reconstruction is a standard treatment method for muscle-invasive bladder cancer and some high-risk superficial bladder cancer. It can effectively increase bladder capacity and reduce surgical complications, and is widely used in clinical practice. Objective To investigate the effect of detaenial sigmoid neobladder reconstruction on perioperative treatment, complications and urinary control in overweight and obese male patients with bladder cancer. Methods The clinical data of 39 patients with bladder cancer who underwent detaenial sigmoid neobladder reconstruction were retrospectively analyzed. According to BMI, the patients were divided into the normal weight group (BMI≤25 kg/m²,15 patients) and the overweight and obese group (BMI ＞ 25 kg/m², 24 patients). The operation time, intraoperative blood loss and postoperative hospital stay of the two groups were recorded. All patients were followed up regularly for 12 months after surgery. Postoperative complications, urinary control ability 6 months after surgery and urinary flow dynamics results 6 months after surgery were observed and recorded in both groups. Results The surgery time in the overweight and obese group (331.45 ± 76.43) minutes was significantly longer than that in the normal weight group (291.67 ± 41.65) minutes, and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.006); There were no significant differences in intraoperative bleeding volume and postoperative hospital stay between the two groups; Six cases (25.0%) of postoperative infections and incision complications occurred in the overweight and obese group, but no postoperative infections or incision complications in the normal weight group, and the difference between two groups was statistically significant (P=0.035); There were no significant differences in the maximum capacity of the new bladder, bladder pressure during filling period, maximum urine flow rate, and residual urine volume between two groups; There were no significant differences in postoperative diurnal and nighttime urinary control rates between two groups. Conclusion Total removal of detaenial sigmoid neobladder reconstruction has the advantages of relatively simple operation, short operation time, few complications, and good urodynamic characteristics of postoperative neobladder for the treatment of overweight and obese patients with bladder cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

目的 对比观察醋酸阿比特龙联合泼尼松与多西他赛联合泼尼松治疗转移性去势抵抗性前列腺癌（mCRPC）的临床效果。方法 mCRPC患者62例，30例行醋酸阿比特龙联合泼尼松治疗（阿比特龙组)，32例行多西 他赛联合泼尼松治疗（多西他赛组)。记录前列腺特异抗原（PSA）水平变化、原发灶体积大小变化、骨转移灶情况、转 移淋巴结情况、白细胞水平、肝功能、血钾水平，有无乏力、脱发、胃肠道反应，有无高血压、水钠潴留表现。结果 阿比 特龙组治疗后PSA水平低于多西他赛组，原发病灶、骨转移病灶、转移淋巴结缩小或消失的比例高于多西他赛组（P 均<0. 05)。阿比特龙组中位 PSA无进展生存期长于多西他赛组（P<0. 05)。阿比特龙组乏力、高血压、低血钾的发 生率高于多西他赛组，骨髓抑制、脱发发生率低于多西他赛组（P均<0. 05)。结论 醋酸阿比特龙联合泼尼松较多 西他赛联合泼尼松治疗mCRPC在PSA控制程度、PSA无进展生存率及缩小原发灶、骨转移灶、转移淋巴结等方面效 果更好。两种治疗方式均存在不良反应，常见不良反应有所差异，但3~4级不良反应较少。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To study the allele distributions of SNPs in CYP19A1 gene and the association between these SNPs with glucose metabolism of middle-aged and elderly Hui and Han populations in urban area of Ningxia, China. Methods We used cluster sampling method to recruit 1850 subjects from Hui and Han middle-aged and elderly people in Yinchuan communities, Ningxia. SNPs genotyping was performed; fasting blood glucose and fast insulin were measured among the subjects. The correlation of aromatase gene single nucleotide polymorphism with glucose metabolism was investigated. Results The distributions of genotypes and alleles of the 3 SNPs in the CYP19A1 gene did not differ significantly between Hui and Han groups. Among Han males and females, CC and CG genotypes of rs10519299 were associated with higher glucose levels compared with GG genotype (P =0.028, P=0.018, respectively). Only among those Hui males who had AG or GG genotype of rs2414096 were associated with higher glucose levels compared those with AA genotype (P=0.014). Significant difference in insulin resistance index was associated with different genotypes of rs10046, rs10519299 and rs2414096 among Han males (P=0.024, P=0.003, P=0.003). After adjusting several confounders, we found that the genotypes of rs10519299 were also related to insulin resistance index (P=0.014). Among the Hui males, GG genotype of rs10519299 was associated with a lower risk of diabetes (OR=0.163,P=0.012). Conclusion There is no ethnic difference in genotypic distributions of these 3 SNPs in the CYP19A1 gene in the studied Han and Hui populations, but CYP19A1 polymorphism was associated with glucose metabolism among middle-aged and elderly Hui and Han populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of the whole genome sequencing technology, a growing number of long non-coding RNAs have been discovered and gradually become new research highlights. LncRNA HULC（highly up-regulated in liver cancer）is one of non-coding RNAs that abnormally upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma while involved in the regulation of various malignant biological behaviors including tumor cell proliferation, anti-apoptosis, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. With the deepening of the study, HULC was found dysregulated in various digestive neoplasms, including gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer and many others, and different molecule mechanisms have been demonstrated to be involved in tumor progression. To sum up, it is expected to become the new biomarker and accurate molecular target of therapy. This review briefly presented the relevance between HULC and digestive neoplasms together with the underlying regulatory mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The water quality of aquaculture is a key factor concerning the economic benefits of aquaculture and the quality of aquatic products. In recent years, with the development of economy, the discharge of industrial wastewater and domestic sewage has greatly increased, resulting in environmental pollution, for example, the water quality of aquaculture ponds has been polluted. In order to achieve the goal of high yield and safe breeding at the same time of environmental protection and energy conservation, scholars have paid attention to the rapid and accurate acquisition of aquaculture water quality information, which was the important research content of the smart agriculture and agricultural Internet of Things. Water quality monitoring technology based on spectral analysis is an important development direction of aquaculture water quality monitoring. Compared with traditional chemical analysis, electrochemical analysis and chromatographic analysis methods, spectral analysis technology is more simple and convenient, consumes a small quantity of reagents, and is reproducible. This article summarizes and sorts the existing domestic and foreign research literatures, and systematically analyzes and discusses the important parameters of water quality monitoring, data preprocessing methods, feature band extraction, and detection model algorithms based on spectroscopy. This article reviews the COD (chemical oxygen demand) water quality monitoring methods, total nitrogen water quality monitoring methods, total phosphorus water quality monitoring methods, heavy metal water quality monitoring methods, covering traditional chemical methods and spectral analysis methods of these parameters. This article compares and analyzes the spectral method and the traditional methods. We find that compared with the traditional water quality monitoring methods, the spectral technology is non-invasive, rapid rapid monitoring, repeatable and accurate. The sensitive spectral bands of the above parameters are summarized. The data preprocessing algorithm includes Savitzky-Golay smoothing, wavelet analysis, and multivariate scatter correction, the feature band extraction algorithm includes continuous projection algorithm, no-information variable elimination algorithm, and principal component analysis, and the model includes partial least squares algorithm, least squares algorithm, and artificial neural network. The advantages, disadvantages and scopes of application of these algorithms are summarized and compared. The spectrum detection process of these algorithms is analyzed. Among them, a detailed review of the application of model algorithms in water quality monitoring is conducted, and the prediction results of each water quality prediction model algorithm are statistically analyzed. The results show that online aquaculture water quality testing will be the focus of research. Multi-parameter monitoring is the development direction of aquaculture water quality monitoring. For the processing of spectral data, the combination of multiple data processing algorithms will still dominate. Nonlinear modeling will become the mainstream method for water quality data analysis of aquaculture and will become the mainstream method for the application of spectral technology to water quality detection of aquaculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

目的分析双心护理干预在冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病（简称冠心病）经皮冠状动脉介入术（PCI）治疗患者中的临床应用意义。方法采用随机数字表法将2018年于该院行 PCI 治疗的冠心病患者88例分为观察组和对照组，对照组采用常规护理，观察组采用双心护理干预。比较分析患者心理健康状况和护理满意度。结果干预后，观察组焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表评分均明显低于对照组（P＜0.05）；患者对护理服务的非常满意率、总满意度明显高于对照组，而不满意率则明显低于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论双心护理干预对冠心病 PCI 治疗患者心理健康状况的改善和护理满意度的提升具有十分重要的应用意义。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

目的探讨和分析基于无缝隙护理管理模式的干预策略在慢性心理衰竭患者中的应用价值。方法选取2018年1—12月该院收治的慢性心力衰竭患者92例,采用随机数字表法分为观察组(47例)和对照组(45例)。对照组给予一般常规护理,观察组在一般常规护理基础上加用基于无缝隙护理管理模式的干预策略。比较和分析2组患者功能恢复情况和生活质量情况。结果与对照组比较,观察组患者心功能为Ⅰ级比率明显提高,心功能为Ⅱ级比率21.28%(10/47)明显降低,简明健康状况调查问卷中生理功能、生理职能、躯体疾病、一般健康状况、精力、社会功能、情感职能、精神健康评分均明显提高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于无缝隙护理管理模式的干预策略对慢性心力衰竭患者心功能的恢复及生活质量的提升均具有重要意义。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is an important task to evaluate the nonstationarity of hydrological process, which is the basis of hydrological analysis and calculation, hydrological simulation and forecast, and many other hydrological works under the influence of environmental change. In this study, the method for testing the stationarity of stochastic components in hydrological time series is proposed. It is firstly to separate deterministic and stochastic components of hydrological series by discrete wavelet transform. Then, choose a appropriate equation to describe the stochastic components, and calculate suitable lag orders using both the Akaike information criterion (AIC) and Bayesian information criterion (BIC) information criterion. Finally, use the unit root test method to test the stationarity of stochastic components. Results of both synthetic and observed series analysis show that periodicity and trend of series have great influence on the stationary test of random components. With the increase of signal-to-noise ratio, the accuracy of the results is worse. Compared with other tranditional methods dealing with series derectly, the proposed method can firstly accurately separate and remove those deterministic components and overcome the interference of the above factors, so it is more effective than traditional KPSS and PP methods, based on the former we can obtain more accurate stationary test results of hydrological series. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of the arrangement of thermoelectric cooler （TEC） on the natural convection characteristics of air in the cooling chamber of airborne avionics is studied by experimental research and numerical simulation. The results show that when the air is cooled, its temperature decreases while its density increases, and it begins to sink at a slow speed. Its motion form gradually transitions from deformation to rotation. It is more beneficial to the development of flow field to arrange all the TECs at the top of the chamber. However, when the air sinks to the bottom of the cooling chamber, it is easy to produce oscillation solutions, fork flow and secondary flow, and the flow enters the chaotic state. Through comparative analysis of six design cases, the best arrangement of TEC in the cooling chamber of the airborne avionics with the minimum temperature inhomogeneity coefficient and the lowest average air temperature is given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research related to fatigue life assessment of turbine attachment was introduced. The progress, shortcomings, and development trends of existing research were discussed in terms of multi-field load analysis, crack initiation life assessment, crack propagation analysis, and test techniques, respectively, focusing on the methods for assessing the service life and damage tolerance of turbine attachment. The results show that the existing analysis and test methods can basically achieve the fatigue life assessment of turbine attachment, but due to various limitations, the engineering applicability needs to be improved. It is necessary to conduct research on robust reduction order methods for load analysis, life assessment methods based on physical mechanisms and data-driven, crack growth simulation under variant loading amplitude, and test techniques in complex thermomechanical environments, and to develop a system to support the fatigue life assessment and validation of turbine attachment in advanced aero-engine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study on etiology and pathogenesis of coronary heart disease / thoracic obstruction has been carried on for a long time, and the understanding of TCM concept of blood stasis, heat and toxin was deeper and wider. A large quantity of clinical trials have proved that one of key pathogenesis of coronary heart disease / thoracic obstruction is the toxin induced by accumulation of blood stasis and heat, which damages heart blood or nutrient. In detail, the evil of blood stasis and heat were blocked or accumulated in human bodies to generate the toxic materials called toxin, which can damage collaterals of heart, burn out nutriment-blood of heart, block vessels of heart, and in the end, cause coronary heart disease / thoracic obstruction. Undoubtedly, the therapy of activating blood, clearing heat from the nutritive level, removing toxic substances has positive effectiveness. This article explains the relationship between the evil of blood stasis, heat and toxin with the occurrence and progress of coronary heart disease / thoracic obstruction, and discuss the theoretical basis of TCM therapy mentioned above directed at the evils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]