[Objective]The pathogen of anthraenose on Cymbidium sinense from Pingbian County, Yunnan and its taxonomic status, pathogenic spectrum, biological characteristics were detected, which would lay foundation to protect wild C. sinense. [Method]Tissue isolation, wounding inoculation, morphological and molecular characteristics were used to detect taxonomic status and pathogenic spectrum the pathogen of anthraenose on C. sinense. In additional, the effects of carbon sources, nitrogen sources, temperature, pH value, light on mycelial growth and conidial production wrere done by grow th rate method and hemoeytometer measurement. [Result ] Twro isolates of anthraenose on Cymbidiurn sinense from Pingbian, Yunnan province were identified as CoUetolrichum gloeosporioides by morphological characteristics, symptoms of re-inoculated on C. sinense and phylogenetic analysis based on ITS rDNA regions. In addition, the pathogen could also infect the leaves of Cypripedium corriLgaliim, C. en-sifolium and C. wenshanense. The most suitable carl)on and nitrogen source for mycelia growth were mannitol and glycine respectively, the most suitable temperature was 30°C , the lethal temperature was 55°C , the most suitable pH value was 8, and the most suitable light was dark. The most suitable carbon and nitrogen source for reproduction spore were maltose and peptone respectively, the most suitable temperature was 35°C , the lethal temperature was 60°C , the most suitable pH value was 7, light didn' t affect the reproduction of spore. [Conclusion ] The pathogen of anthracnose on Cymbidi-um sinense from Pingbian county, Yunnan was Co. gloeosporioi/les, which also infected Cypripedium cormgatum Franch. , C. emifolium (L. ) Sw. , C. wemhanense Y. S. Wu et F. Y. Liu, was well-adapted enviroment. Thus, Gyp. corrugation, C. emifolium, C. wem-hanense should be forbidden to cultivate in Daweishan Mountain in Pingbian County. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]