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本文结合临床预测模型领域专家指出的现有研究中的不恰当做法，介绍了临床预测模型研究中的常见误区，解析了为什么特定的做法会对模型质量产生不良影响，以及如何避免重蹈覆辙。同时，通过评价ChatGPT给出的答案，探讨ChatGPT用于提供方法学指导的可行性。 Abstract: Taking the inappropriate practices in existing research pointed out by a leading expert in clinical prediction models as examples, this paper introduced common misunderstandings in clinical prediction model research, explained why specific practices will jeopardize the model quality, and how to avoid repeating the same mistakes in future studies. The feasibility of using ChatGPT to provide methodological guidance is discussed by evaluating the answers given by ChatGPT.

应对气候变化、解决环境污染、加快能源转型已日益成为全球共识，全球能源互联网为加快全球能源转型提供了解决方案。为系统了解全球能源互联网在各国的发展成效和进程，提出了全球能源互联网发展指数，从电力互联、绿色低碳和能源经济社会环境协调发展三个维度系统反映各个国家能源电力系统发展水平。采用了对数极差法对传统数据标准化方法进行了改进，改进的方法相比传统极差法对统计国家数量多、数据离散程度大的情况具有更好的适用性。最后分析了经济发展、绿色低碳发展及电力互联发展的相关性及区域分布特征和规律，以期为各国政府、国际组织、企业、研究咨询机构等制定政策、规划研究、投资咨询提供基础性和前瞻性参考。

目的 探索神经外科脑血管病方向博士专业学位与专科医师培训衔接培养的方案，找到最优化的 培训模式，保证教育目标实现。 方法 分析北京天坛医院神经外科衔接培养的优点及当前存在的问题，探讨这些问题的深层次原 因，结合脑血管病专业组自身特点，寻求解决办法。 结果 研究者在对政策进行详细解读后，对未来的教学工作进行预判，制定相关预案。经过前期一 系列具体实践，提升了教学团队培养经验，强化了师资素质，升级了教学软硬件水平，为顺利衔接做 好保障。 结论 神经外科脑血管病方向博士专业学位与专科医师培训衔接是一个全新的培养模式，需要医 教人员共同努力，不断地解决遇到的新问题，才能保证两种培训的衔接工作平稳开展。 Abstract: Objective To explore the integration of cultivation for medical professional doctor degree and specialists training in cerebrovascular neurosurgery, and find an optimal training pattern to achieve the education goals of both training systems. Methods The advantages and problems of current integration cultivation was analyzed, and the underlying causes of these problems were investigated, so as to find a satisfactory solution in view of the characteristics of cerebrovascular neurosurgery. Results After analyzing the relevant policy in depth, we made a preliminary judgment on the future training work and drew up the corresponding plans. Through a series of concrete practice, our teaching team accumulated better training experience, the capacity of teachers were strengthened, and the levels of teaching software and hardware were enhanced, all of which ensured the smooth integration of cultivation. Conclusions The integration of doctor degree cultivation and specialists training program in cerebrovascular neurosurgery is a new training pattern, which requires concerted efforts of medical and education personnels. In the process of implementation, problems would be continuously discovered and properly solved, which would make this work go on well.

BACKGROUND: Heart rate variability biofeedback is a respiratory training method that uses slow and deep breathing at the resonant frequency to induce rhythmic, high-amplitude oscillations in the cardiovascular system, thereby stimulating and exercising the autonomic and baroreflex. However, current studies have not systematically reviewed how heart rate variability biofeedback modulates the autonomic function and produces effects. There is a lack of public understanding of the mechanism of heart rate variability biofeedback, and its application progress and scheme are not fully understood. OBJECTIVE: To review the existing experimental studies on the effects of heart rate variability biofeedback on symptoms in different populations at home and abroad and to introduce the mechanisms and advances in the application of heart rate variability biofeedback to modulate the autonomic nervous system. METHODS: “Heart rate variability biofeedback, resonance breathing, heart rate variability, autonomic nerve, breathing training, chronic diseases, mental illness, biofeedback” were used as Chinese or English keywords to search in CNKI, WanFang Database, PubMed, and Web of Science. A total of 72 core related papers were included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The body’s oscillation system and resonance system are essential for the effectiveness of heart rate variability biofeedback. Oscillations reflect the response to external stimuli and self-regulating reflex systems, while resonances involve synchronous oscillations that result in higher amplitude operations. The balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves is crucial for maintaining a stable internal environment. Autonomic nervous system disorders are associated with reduced heart rate variability and are closely linked to the progression of related diseases. Heart rate variability biofeedback utilizes the resonance characteristics of the cardiovascular system, inducing rhythmic high-amplitude oscillations by employing deep slow breathing at the resonance frequency. This method improves the regulatory function of the sympathetic and parasympathetic system reflexes and enhances the balance regulation between the two systems. Two major mechanisms of cardiovascular system resonance are the baroreflex closed-loop pathway and respiratory sinus arrhythmia. These mechanisms, along with the unique delay of baroreflex, result in a 0° phase angle oscillation between heart rate and respiration and a 180° phase angle oscillation between blood pressure and respiration during breathing at the resonant frequency rhythm. Periodically stimulating the human cardiovascular oscillation system through this method is an easy-to-operate and effective training approach. Currently, heart rate variability biofeedback is mainly applied in the fields of mental illness, chronic disease, and sports. However, the intervention mechanism and efficacy are unclear, the intervention content, frequency and duration are varied, and there are limited review studies on the intervention methods tailored to different types of individuals. As a non-drug and non-invasive intervention, heart rate variability biofeedback can significantly increase heart rate variability, regulate the balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves, and improve the stability and adaptability of the autonomic nervous system. In the future, it is suggested to investigate the mechanisms and potential applications of the pathways of the heart rate variability biofeedback that induce cardiovascular resonance. It is also recommended to incorporate long-term follow-ups to assess the sustained value of heart rate variability biofeedback in various fields. This would provide new directions and strategies for the comprehensive treatment of complex diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective This investigation sought to delineate the associations among colorectal adenomatous polyps, diabetes, and biomolecules involved in glucose metabolism. Method Data were collected from 40 patients who underwent endoscopic polypectomy at the Endoscopy Department of Shandong Cancer Hospital between June 2019 and September 2021. This cohort included 27 patients with inflammatory polyps and 13 with adenomatous polyps. We assessed fasting insulin (Fins), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and the mRNA expressions of fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF-19) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in the polyp tissues. Both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to ascertain the determinants influencing the emergence of adenomatous polyps. From these analyses, a predictive nomogram was constructed to forecast the occurrence of adenomatous polyps, and evaluations on the discriminative capacity, calibration, and clinical utility of the model were conducted. Results The adenomatous polyp group exhibited markedly elevated levels of glucose, insulin, FGF-19, and IGF-1, with respective concentrations of (8.67±2.70) mmol/L, (12.72±7.69) μU/L, 2.20±1.88, and 1.36±0.69. These figures were significantly higher compared to the inflammatory polyp group, which showed levels of (5.51±0.72) mmol/L, (5.49±2.68) μU/L, 0.53±0.97, and 0.41±0.46, respectively, P= 0.001. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that the relative expression of IGF-1 served as an independent risk factor for the development of colorectal adenomatous polyps (OR=5.622, 95% CI: 1.085-29.126). The nomogram displayed a C-index of 0.849, indicating substantial discriminative capability. The calibration curve affirmed the model's accuracy in aligning predicted probabilities with actual outcomes, and the clinical decision curve demonstrated thepractical clinical applicability of the model. Conclusions There was a significant correlation between the occurrence of colorectal adenomatous polyps and glucose metabolic pathways. Individuals with diabetes showed a higher propensity to develop such polyps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Science Technology & Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Technology Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Automobile Technology & Material is the property of Automobile Technology & Material Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Atomic Energy Science & Technology is the property of Editorial Board of Atomic Energy Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Mytilus is one of bivalves with great economic and ecological values. The innate immune defense of Mytilus shows great significance in the study of marine biological immunology. Hemolymph is the main immune tissue for Mytilus. The Nanopore full-length transcriptome of Mytilus coruscus hemocytes, and the serum differential proteomics based on SDS-PAGE analysis were performed to identify key proteins involving in the immune response of Mytilus hemolymph in response of different bacteria and fungi stresses. A total of 44 proteins were identified in the serum induced by different microorganisms. Among them, 26 proteins showed significant differential expression level in response to different microbial stresses, and their functions were involved in protein folding protection, cell autophagy and apoptosis regulation, reactive oxygen species production, energy metabolism regulation, cell detoxification, and immune regulation. The changes in expression levels of these proteins varied in response to different bacterial and fungal stresses, suggesting that Mytilus has different immune response strategies to different bacterial and fungal stresses. The results provide a new scientific basis for understanding the differential immune mechanism of Mytilus innate immune system in response to different types of microbial invasion, as well as the screening of specific biomarker proteins for microbial infection, and provide ideas for the healthy development and disease prevention of shellfish aquaculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Application Research of Computers / Jisuanji Yingyong Yanjiu is the property of Application Research of Computers Edition and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Journal of Diagnosis & Therapy on Dermato-venereology is the property of Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The YOLOv5s-FCS network for traditional steel materials, which addresses issues such as false positives, false negatives, and low accuracy in detecting certain types of defects, is presented in this article. Firstly, the CBF convolution module is constructed using the FReLU activation function to enhance the network's spatial resolution capability and optimize detection accuracy. Secondly, a coordinate attention mechanism is embedded into the neck part of the network to enhance its feature fusion capability, enabling the extraction of more rich feature information. Finally, the SIoU loss replaces the YOLOv5s loss function to improve the regression accuracy of the predicted box. Through ablation experiments and visualization comparisons on the NEU-DET dataset, it is demonstrated that the mAP value of the YOLOv5s-FCS network reaches 0.747, representing an improvement of 8.3% compared to the original YOLOv5s network, 11.8% compared to the YOLOv3 network, 4.2% compared to the YOLOXs network, and 1.4% compared to the YOLOv6s network, thus demonstrating the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explore the response law of lining under blasting vibration and the stress distribution state under blasting load when the blasting source gradually approaches the existing tunnel, combined with the Xishan Tunnel Project in Ouhai District, Wenzhou City, the safety of intersecting tunnels during the construction of new tunnel blasting was studied based on the blasting monitoring data and numerical simulation results at the construction site. The research findings indicate that vibration velocity is primarily influenced by the distance to the blasting center and the amount of explosive charge used. Specifically, as the blasting center distance decreases and the amount of explosive charge increases, the peak vibration velocity becomes higher. The blasting center distance determines the location of the peak lining speed within the tunnel. Simultaneously, this peak speed location corresponds to the point of maximum tensile stress. As the blasting center distance decreases, the critical point shifts from the arch waist position to the foot of the arch. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Feed Industry is the property of Liaoning Provincial Institute of Agricultural Mechanization and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Stroke is the property of Chinese Journal of Stroke Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Shanghai Ocean University is the property of Editorial Department of Journal of Shanghai Ocean University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Engineering Mechanics / Gongcheng Lixue is the property of Engineering Mechanics Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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【Objective】To improve the softwood cutting technology system for Carya illinoensis (Wangench.) K. Koch,and identify the endogenous substances affecting cutting root development.【Methods】Three Carya illinoensis (Wangench.) K. Koch varieties,Caddo,Jinhua and Mahan,were used as experimental materials to study the rooting rate and root effect index of cuttings under different hormone types,shading rates,humidity levels,and container conditions through four-factor four-level orthogonal test. The changes in soluble sugar content,soluble protein content,IAA content,ABA content,IAA/ABA,POD activity,and SOD activity with the root effect index were analyzed.【Results】The order of influence of various factors on the cuttings′ rooting rate of Carya illinoensis (Wangench.) K. Koch were humidity level=shading rate>types of hormone>container conditions. Cuttings under IBA treatment,0 or 60% shading rate and 60%

Objective To study the effect of drinking carbohydrate drinks before cesarean section on mothers and neonates, and to explore the application value of drinking carbohydrate drinks before cesarean section. Methods The clinical data of 206 singleton women who underwent selective cesarean section in Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University from Jun 2020 to Jun 2021 were retrospectively studied. Patients were divided into enhanced recovery after delivery (ERAD) group and control group according to whether drinking carbohydrate drinks before cesarean section. A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze the effect of preoperative carb drinks on preoperative fluid supplementation, postoperative rehabilitation and neonatal prognosis. Results Among patients who fasted for less than 12 hours, the ERAD group had a lower fluid supplementation rate and a smaller average fluid supplementation volume compared to the control group (P<0.05). The ERAD group had a lower rate of prokinetic agent using after surgery (P<0.05). Among women without a history of abdominal surgery, the ERAD group had less blood loss 24 hours after surgery( P<0.05). There were no significant differences in postoperative fever rate, incidence of nausea and vomiting, time of first flatus, neonatal apgar score, exit observation room neonatal blood, and neonatal neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission rate between the two groups. Among newborns with high-risk factors for hypoglycemia, the ERAD group had lower enter observation room neonatal blood compared to the control group, and a higher incidence of hypoglycemia (P<0.05). Conclusion Oral intake of carbohydrate drinks before cesarean section may be beneficial in reducing fluid supplementation before elective cesarean section, promoting postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery, and reducing postoperative bleeding. However, it may be related to the occurrence of neonatal hypoglycemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Railway Investigation & Surveying is the property of Railway Investigation & Surveying Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering is the property of Chongqing University of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Automobile Technology & Material is the property of Automobile Technology & Material Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica is the property of Acta Materiea Compositae Sinica Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology. Social Sciences Edition / Haerbin Gongye Daxue Xuebao. Shehui Kexue Ban is the property of Harbin Institute of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering is the property of Chongqing University of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Wool Textile Journal is the property of National Wool Textile Science & Technology Information Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Electrochemical mass spectrometry is an important technique for studying the mechanism of electrochemical reactions. Mass spectrometry has the advantages of high detection sensitivity, high detection throughput and high specificity, which enables simultaneous acquisition of qualitative and quantitative informations for multiple components, making it highly valuable in the monitoring of electrochemical reaction products and the identification of intermediates. In general, electrolyte is necessary for electrochemical reaction. However, these electrolyte salts are detrimental to mass spectrometry analysis as they not only cause condensation in the mass spectrometry inlet, leading to blockage, but also impede the signal of the target analyte or form adduct ions with target analyte, resulting in a complex mass spectrum and increased analytical challenges. It is of great significance to develop a mass spectrometry method to real-time obtain trace organic components in high concentration buffer salt solutions. Therefore, a novel atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (APCI-MS) method was developed for online analysis of trace organic components in high concentration buffer salt solutions, and a small volume flow electrolytic cell, stable performance, and simple structure were fabricated for on-line electrochemical reaction, which employed Pt, Pt and Ag/AgCl as working electrode, counter electrode and reference electrode, respectively. After combination of the APCI-MS and flow electrolytic cell, an electrochemical mass spectrometry device and method for on-line analysis of the electrochemical process in high concentration buffer salt solutions were constructed. As a proof of concept application, the device and method were used to on-line and real-time study the electrochemical oxidation process of dopamine in phosphate buffer salt solutions. The experimental results showed that the APCI-MS method can efficiently remove the inorganic salts in solutions on-line by on-line thermal deposition, while the organic components can be ionized by APCI for mass spectrometry detection. The results of dopamine electrochemical oxidation analysis showed that dopamine was not oxidized under the oxidation potential at 0 V, and only the protonated dopamine m/z 154 [M+H]+ was obtained. When the oxidation potential was +0.3 V, in addition to the protonated dopamine, the protonated peak m/z 150 [M+H]+ of dopachrome was generated by losing 4e- from dopamine, and the protonated peak m/z 303 [M+H]+ of the adduct dopachrome and dopamine formed by the intermolecular hydrogen bonding were also obtained. When the oxidation potential increased to +0.6 V, the contents of oxidation products m/z 150 and m/z 303 were further increased. The results demonstrated that this method has great application potential in studying the electrochemical reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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目的 探讨血浆 C/EBP 同源蛋白 (CHOP) 、N-乙酰神经氨酸 (Neu5Ac) 水平与急性心肌梗死 (AMI) 患者经 皮冠状动脉介入治疗 (PCI) 术后预后的关系。方法 选取 146 例 AMI 患者为 AMI 组, 根据预后情况分为预后不良组 和预后良好组, 另选取同期 50 例体检健康者为对照组。酶联免疫吸附法检测血浆 CHOP、Neu5Ac。建立 AMI 患者 PCI 后预后不良的多因素 Logistic 回归模型, 绘制血浆 CHOP、Neu5Ac 水平预测 AMI 患者 PCI 后预后不良的受试者工 作特征 (ROC) 曲线。结果 与对照组比较, AMI 组血浆 CHOP、Neu5Ac 水平升高 (P 均<0. 05) 。随访 1 年, 146 例 AMI 患者预后不良发生率为 25. 34% (37/146) 。多因素 Logistic 回归分析显示, AMI 患者 PCI 后预后不良的独立危险因素 为 KILLIP 分级≥Ⅲ级和 CHOP、Neu5Ac (P 均<0. 05), 独立保护因素为左心室射血分数高 (P<0. 05) 。ROC 曲线分析 结果显示, 血浆 CHOP、Neu5Ac 和 CHOP 联合 Neu5Ac 预测 AMI 患者 PCI 后预后不良的曲线下面积分别为 0. 777、 0. 781、0. 854, CHOP 联合 Neu5Ac 预测 AMI 患者 PCI 后预后不良的曲线下面积高于单独指标检测 (P 均<0. 05) 。结 论 AMI 患者血浆 CHOP、Neu5Ac 水平升高, 与 PCI 后预后不良独立相关, 血浆 CHOP 联合 Neu5Ac 预测 AMI 患者 PCI 后预后不良的价值较高, 有望成为 AMI 患者 PCI 后预后辅助预测指标。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]