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With the popularity of low⁃dose computed tomography (LDCT) in physical examination and the widespread concern of people about lung diseases after COVID⁃19 outbreak, the detection rate of pulmonary nodules in the population has increased year by year. The clinical cases of early lung cancer and multiple primary lung cancer are increasing, and the necessity of personalized treatment tailored to the diverse detection of pulmonary nodules is highlighted in the diagnosis and treatment process of pulmonary nodules. However, chest CT and traditional bronchoscopy not only have insufficient accuracy in preoperative localization of pulmonary nodules and the diagnosis of benign and malignant pulmonary nodules, but also have significant limitations in the diagnosis and treatment of patients who cannot undergo surgery. The emergence of electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy （ENB） has greatly solved this problem and further improves the diagnosis and treatment process of pulmonary nodules. ENB is a new technology that relies on electromagnetic positioning technology to locate, biopsy, and minimally invasive treatment of pulmonary nodules through bronchoscopy. In this review, we mainly summarize the application and latest progress of ENB in the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary nodules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to provide a theoretical reference for soybean production and variety selection in Xinxiang City by identifying the main agronomic traits and correlation analysis of 15 soybean varieties. Variation analysis, correlation analysis and other data analysis methods were used to comprehensively analyze the 7 agronomic traits of 15 soybean varieties. The effective branches of 15 soybean varieties had the largest coefficient of variation, followed by effective pods per plant with abundant genetic variation, the variation coefficient of the number of main stem nodes was the lowest and the most stable. The average grain weight of a single plant was positively correlated with the number of grains per plant and the number of effective pods per plant, positively correlated with effective branches, and negatively correlated with plant height. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

目的 了解全科医学专业本科生对全科教学的满意程度,分析其可能存在的原因并提出建议. 方法 对某医学高等院校全科医学专业本科共81名学生开展满意度调查,调查问卷以课堂教学质量学生评价 指标为基础,增加社区实践教学评价指标,主要包括教师教学能力, 实践能力培养, 社区教学管理能力, 社区教 学设施及安排, 全科医学基本技能培养5个维度,采用 Likert5 级评分法评估满意程度。结果 全科医学生对 教师教学能力, 实践能力培养和社区教学管理能力3个维度的满意度均较高;对社区教学设施及安排, 全科医 学基本技能培养的满意度相对较低。结论 师资教学能力, 管理水平得到全科医学生较高程度的认可,但在教 学设施, 安排和全科学基本技能培养方面有待提高,学校应提升社区实践教学质量,培养全科医学生的基层服 务能力。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Solar tracking technology has been widely used in large power stations, photovoltaic agriculture, and green building industry. Among them, hybrid tracking can be expected to consider both photoelectric and solar trajectory tracking. However, it is still lacking in the accurate evaluation of different weather conditions, due to the excessively broad control criterion in the solar hybrid tracking using light intensity, and the vague conditions for the weather identification. In this research, a solar hybrid tracking system was designed under complex weather conditions. Moreover, a multi-threshold control criterion was proposed to divide the weather conditions. The tracking characteristics of the system were analyzed under different tracking strategies in the concentrated and non-concentrated environments, combined with the weather conditions. The control criterion was classified into irradiance fluctuation, high irradiance, low and extremely low irradiance weather. As such, the photoelectric and solar trajectory tracking automatically adjusted, or fixed the inclination angle, according to the external weather changes. Firstly, the prototype of a hybrid tracking system was developed for solar power generation. Specifically, the Raspberry Pi 4B controlled by Node-RED was used as the control core, and the signal was divided by the analog switch of CD4052. At the same time, the photoelectric tracking signal and the fixed inclination angle placement signal were outputted by Arduino, whereas, the tracking signal of the solar trajectory was outputted by STM32F407. Three-way parallel control was adopted to avoid interference with each other in the different control strategies. Secondly, a series of tracking tests were carried out to determine the foundation for the switching of the tracking system under concentrated and non-concentrated light conditions. The switching criteria were summarized for the hybrid tracking system since the tracking performance of the system varied depending on the weather and the tracking mode. The irradiance and power generation curves were also determined that the system received under various tracking strategies. A hybrid tracking scheme was developed to investigate the influence of weather on irradiance characteristics, in order to keep tracking the temperature change of battery panels. The irradiance and temperature curves demonstrated that the irradiance was the primary determinant of the variance in PV cell output, while the temperature remained constant. As a result, the hybrid tracking system can be expected to track the high irradiance for higher power production. Finally, the tracking prototype was tested to verify the impact of the criterion program on the hybrid tracking system. The test results showed that the average power generation of a no-concentrated hybrid tracking system on a sunny day was 0.03 and 0.16 W higher than that of photoelectric and solar trajectory tracking. Additionally, the average power generation of the concentrated hybrid tracking system on a sunny day was 0.81, which was 0.03 and 0.55 W higher than that of photoelectric and solar trajectory tracking. Anyway, the experiment verified the feasibility of the developed device. The new criterion can also provide a promising idea for hybrid tracking technology under complex weather. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and purpose: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common subtype of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and its pathogenesis is unclear. Nucleolar protein 8 (NOL8), as one of the RNA-binding protein (RBP), plays a key role in the occurrence and development of many kinds of tumors, however its role in OSCC is not clear. This study aimed to investigate the expression level of NOL8 in OSCC and its effects on the proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of OSCC. Methods: The expression of NOL8 in HNSCC was analyzed online by gene expression profiling interactive analysis 2 (GEPIA2), tumor immune estimation resource (TIMER), the University of Alabama at Birmingham cancer data analysis portal (UALCAN) and the encyclopedia of RNA interactomes (ENCORI). The mRNA expression level of NOL8 in OSCC cells was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RTFQ-PCR). siRNA interference technique was used to knock down the expression of NOL8 in CAL-27 cells to form NOL8 knockdown group (si-NOL8-1, si-NOL8-2) and negative control group. CAL-27 and HN6 cells were overexpressed with NOL8 by lentivirus transfection technique to form NOL8 overexpression group and negative control group. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, scratch healing assay and transwell assay were used to detect the effect of NOL8 expression on the proliferation, migration and invasion of OSCC cells. Western blot assay was used to detect the effect of NOL8 on the expression of EMT-related genes including E-cadherin, vimentin and N-cadherin. The effect of NOL8 on the proliferation of OSCC cells in vivo was examed by xenograft formation assays. Results: The online analysis of GEPIA2, TIMER, UALCAN and ENCORI showed that the expression of NOL8 was higher in HNSCC than in normal tissues, and the expression of NOL8 in OSCC was significantly higher than in normal control cells. The relative expression of NOL8 in CAL-27 cells transfected with si-NOL8-1 and si-NOL8-2 was significantly lower compared with the negative control group. The results of CCK-8 assay, scratch healing assay and transwell assay showed that the proliferative ability, cell migration rate and invasion number of CAL-27 cells were significantly decreased after knockdown of NOL8 expression. The relative expression of NOL8 in CAL-27 and HN6 cells transfected with NOL8 was significantly higher compared with the control group. The proliferative ability, cell migration rate and invasion number of CAL-27 and HN6 cells in the overexpression NOL8 group were significantly higher compared with the negative control group. The results of Western blot showed that in CAL-27 cells, the expression of E-cadherin increased and the expressions of N-cadherin and vimentin decreased after NOL8 knockdown, while in CAL-27 and HN6 cells, the expression of E-cadherin decreased and the expressions of N-cadherin and vimentin increased after NOL8 overexpression. The xenograft formation assays showed that the weight of tumor was significantly higher in NOL8 overexpression group than in NOL8 control group. Conclusion: NOL8 is highly expressed in OSCC and can promote the proliferation, migration and invasion of OSCC, which may be related to the process of EMT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environment conditions have been the most important influencing factors on the rice quality. It is a high demand to determine the positive or negative influences of the climate and weather on the rice quality, in order to effectively improve the added value and market competitiveness of rice. In this study, an evaluation model of rice climatic quality was established to provide the theoretical basis and technical support for the evaluation of the climatic influences on in Anhui Province of China. The key period and optimum temperature were clarified for the formation of rice climatic quality. Then, the rice climatic quality and comprehensive meteorological condition index were constructed using the rice quality data from the regional trials of three sites in the Hefei, Chuzhou, and Fengtai City in Anhui Province of China. Taking the mid-season indica and japonica rice as research objects, the daily meteorological observation data was collected from 2008 to 2018. The weighted summation and computer numerical simulation were carried out to preprocess the rough data. Finally, an evaluation model was established for the climatic quality of rice using regression analysis. The optimal model was then validated using the rice quality data from the sowing experiment by the stages in 2008. The results showed that the six indexes of climatic quality were achieved, including the percentage of head rice, chalkiness, transparency, alkali spreading value, gel consistency, and amylose content. The comprehensive index of meteorological conditions was obtained after the numerical simulation of three elements (average temperature, radiation, and diurnal temperature range). The key periods and optimum temperatures of climatic quality formation were 33 and 36 days after the date of full heading stage, while 24.8℃ and 23.0℃ for the mid-season indica rice and mid-season japonica rice, respectively. Four grades were divided into the “Extra excellent”, “Excellent”, “Good”, and “General” for the climatic quality of the mid-season indica and japonica rice. Therefore, the climatic quality index larger than 3.40 was matched with the “Extra excellent” grade of indica rice. The “Excellent” grade was matched between 3.09 and 3.40, while the “Good” grade was in the range between 2.73 and 3.09. At last, the climatic quality index smaller than 2.73 was matched with the “General” grade of indica rice. Similarly, the climatic quality index for the japonica larger than 3.36 was matched with the “Extra excellent” grade. Specifically, the ranges between 3.08 and 3.36, 2.68 and 3.08, and smaller than 2.68 were matched with the “Excellent”, “Good”, and “General” grades, respectively. The model validation showed that the 80% accuracy of climatic quality was achieved in the mid-season indica and japonica rice. The climatic quality grade was mainly one grade lower than the actual one. The difference between the climatic and the actual quality of rice was attributed to the different evaluation indices and impact factors. Therefore, the climatic quality of rice can be expected to serve as an excellent indicator of the actual quality. In summary, the climatic quality of rice can be evaluated by meteorological factors, such as the average temperature, radiation, and diurnal temperature range during the rice growth period. The improved evaluation model can also be used to evaluate the climatic quality of mid-season indica and japonica rice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explore the elevation gradient distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon and active carbon components ( readily oxidizable carbon and dissolved carbon) in the forest surface( 0-10 cm) of the Taibai Mountain in Qinling Mountains, and elucidate the influencing factors of the elevation gradient pattern, a standard sample plot was placed every 50 m along the northern slope of Taibai Mountain, and the contribution of influencing factors to the soil organic carbon and active carbon components was determined by path analysis. The results show that the soil organic carbon, dissolved carbon, and readily oxidizable carbon contents increased as the altitude increased. The soil organic carbon, dissolved carbon, and readily oxidizable carbon content were significantly different between various climate zones, with the greatest amount in the sub frigid zone, followed by the cold temperate, temperate, and warm temperate zones, respectively. Vegetation zone is also one of the factors affecting the soil organic carbon, dissolved carbon, and readily oxidizable carbon contents. It was observed that content was greatest at alpine meadow, followed by the alpine coniferous forest, birch forest belt, mixed forest belt, quercus acacia, and low mountain mixed belt, respectively. The content of soil organic carbon, readily oxidizable carbon and dissolved carbon are closely related to soil temperature, litter biomass, soil bulk density, and clay content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the base force element method(BFEM) and the principle of complementary energy,a6? node spatial solid unit was proposed for spacial geometrically nonlinear calculation,and the Euler angles were used to describe the displacement. MATLAB was used to program and simulate the elastic large deformation problem of typical beam and plate structures. The calculation results show that,the finite element model based on the BFEM and the complementary energy principle has good calculation accuracy for the spatial geometrical? ly nonlinear components. Compared with the traditional finite element method,the model has the characteris? tics of smaller mesh size effects and stronger anti?distortion ability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the problem that the existing redactable signature schemes can' t express all the revision constraints, this paper designed a fully constrainable redactable signature scheme which could express all revision constraints by means of Merkel tree and quasi exchange hash function, and formally defined and proved the unforgeability,privacy and fully constrain of the scheme. At the same time, through analysis and comparison, the signature space of the proposed scheme is small, and has the ability of complete revision constraint. It is suitable for scenarios with strict restrictions on revision operation and small storage space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For biometric systems, intra-class variations may lead to degradation of recognition performance. This paper defined representativity and irreplaceability to evaluate the value of templates, and proposed two biometric template selection methods. The first algorithm was to maximize the pass-fail information,another one was to maximize the irreplaceable weights. According to the indicator of equal error rate, the experimental results on datasets from different biometric traits demonstrate the superiority. The proposed approaches can improve the performance of biometric systems by decreasing the false rejection rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the value of baseline HBsAg quantification in predicting HBsAg clearance in pegylated interferon α-2 b(PEG-INFα-2 b)-treated chronic hepatitis B(CHB) patients with a low level of HBsAg.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for 51 HBeAg-negative CHB patients who achieved HBV DNA<20 IU/ml after nucleos(t) ide analogue(NA) treatment,had a normal level of alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and an HBsAg quantification of>0.05 IU/ml and<1500 IU/ml,and received sequential PEG-INFα-2 b treatment in Hepatobiliary Hospital of Jilin from March 2016 to September 2018.The clinical data of serum HBsAg quantification,anti-HBs quantification,HBV DNA quantification,and ALT level were collected at baseline and at weeks 12,24,36,and48 of treatment.At week 48 of treatment,19 patients with HBsAg clearance were enrolled as response group,and 32 patients without HBsAg clearance were enrolled as non-response group.The Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between two groups,and the receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve was used to analyze the value of baseline HBsAg quantification in predicting HBsAg clearance at week 48 of treatment.Results At week 48 of treatment,19 patients(37.25%) achieved HBsAg clearance,among whom 7(7/19,36.84%) had a baseline HBs Ag quantitation of ≤10 IU/ml,9(9/19,47.37%) had a baseline HBs Ag quantitation of>10 IU/ml and ≤100 IU/ml,1 had a baseline HBs Ag quantitation of>100 IU/ml and ≤500 IU/ml,1 had a baseline HBs Ag quantitation of>500 IU/ml and ≤1000 IU/ml,and 1 had a baseline HBs Ag quantitation of>1000 IU/ml and ≤1500 IU/ml;8 patients(15.69%) achieved HBs Ag seroconversion,among whom 4 had an anti-HBs level of>10 IU/L and ≤100 IU/L,3 had an anti-HBs level of>100 IU/L and ≤500 IU/L,and 1 had 500 IU/L.The response group had a significantly lower baseline HBs Ag quantitation than the non-response group [16.38(2.25-61.62) IU/ml vs 363.73(110.14-927.72) IU/ml,Z=-4.442,P<0.001].At weeks12 and 24 of treatment,both groups had an increase in serum ALT level,and there was a significant difference between the response group and the non-response group [week 12:82.00(55.00-123.00) U/L vs 49.00(34.00-65.00) U/L,Z=-2.286,P=0.005;week24:78.00(46.00-88.00) U/L vs 48.08(29.79-71.75) U/L,Z=-2.617,P=0.009].At weeks 12 and 24 of treatment,the response group had a significantly greater reduction in HBs Ag than the non-response group [week 12:91.77%(49.62%-99.28%) vs44.03%(15.75%-68.90%),Z=-3.312,P=0.001;week 24:99.00%(98.00%-100.00%) vs 77.94%(37.02%-89.60%),Z=-5.100,P<0.001].The patients were followed up for 24 weeks after drug withdrawal,and the results showed that all 19 patients with HBs Ag clearance achieved sustained response and 7 patients achieved HBs Ag seroconversion.The ROC curve analysis showed that baseline HBs Ag quantification predicted HBs Ag clearance rate at week 48 of treatment,with an optimal predictive value of 86.36 IU/ml,an area under the ROC curve of0.875(95% confidence interval:0.764-0.986),a sensitivity of 84.4%,and a specificity of 84.2%.The positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 84.21% and 84.37%,respectively.Conclusion In CHB patients with a low level of HBs Ag(≤100 IU/ml) treated by NAs,sequential PEG-INFα-2 b treatment can significantly improve HBs Ag clearance and seroconversion and help with HBs Ag clearance at week48 of treatment especially in those with a significant reduction in HBs Ag and a significant increase in ALT in the early stage of treatment.Baseline HBs Ag quantification<86.36 IU/ml can predict HBs Ag clearance at week 48 of treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the relationship between serum amyloid A (SAA), cholinesterase (CHE), apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) levels and cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods: 103 AD patients who were treated in our hospital from December 2020 to May 2023 were selected as case group, and 80 healthy volunteers who underwent physical examination in our hospital during the same period were selected as control group. The levels of serum SAA, CHE and ApoA1 in two groups were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The cognitive function in two groups was evaluated by Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Serum SAA, CHE, ApoA1 levels and MMSE, MoCA scores were compared between two groups. AD patients were divided into mild group, moderate group and severe group according to the MMSE score, the levels of serum SAA, CHE and ApoA1 in mild group, moderate group and severe group were observed and compared. The correlation between serum SAA, CHE, ApoA1 levels and MMSE score were analyzed by Pearson test. The serum SAA in case group was higher than that in control group, and the serum CHE and ApoA1 levels were lower than those in control group (P<0.05). The scores of MoCA and MMSE in case group were lower than those in control group (P<0.05). Results: The serum SAA levels in severe group and moderate group were higher than those in mild group, and severe group was higher than that of moderate group (P<0.05). The levels of serum CHE and ApoA1 in severe group and moderate group were lower than those in mild group, and severe group was lower than that of moderate group (P<0.05). Pearson test analysis showed that serum CHE, ApoA1 and MMSE scores were positively correlated, and serum SAA and MMSE scores were negatively correlated (P<0.05). Conclusions: The abnormal increase of serum SAA and the abnormal decrease of serum CHE and ApoA1 levels in AD patients may be relate to the occurrence of cognitive dysfunction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To study the correlation between the polymorphism of myeloperoxidase-463G/A gene and essential hypertension of Yi nationality in Yunnan Province. Methods The PCR-RFLP technique was used to detect the MPO-463G/A gene polymorphism in 86 Yi hypertensive patients and 100 normal Yi people in Shuanghe Township and Yunnan Province collected by the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from January 2007 to November 2008. The frequencies of the GG, GA, and AA genotypes and the G and A allele frequencies were calculated, followed by association analysis. Results The genotype frequencies of MPO gene-463G/A polymorphism in EH group and control group GG were 66.28%，52.00%，GA+AA were 33.72%, 48.00%, respectively. The frequencies of allele G were 79.65% and 69.50%, and the frequencies of allele A were 20.35% and 30.50%, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in genotype frequency and gene frequency between the two groups（P < 0.05）. The genotype frequencies of GG and GA+AA were 74.50% and 49.30% in female EH group and 25.50% and 50.70% in femal control group. The allele frequencies of G and A were 85.50% and 69.00% in EH group and 14.50% and 31.00% in control group. The differences were statistically significant（P < 0.05）. The frequency of A gene in female EH group was significantly lower than that in female control group. There was no significant difference in genotype frequency and gene frequency between EH group and control group in Yi male（P > 0.05）. Conclusion MPO gene-463G/A polymorphism is related to essential hypertension in Yunnan Yi women and is a susceptibility gene for hypertension in Yi women. The expression of the A allele at this locus has a protective effect during the development of EH in Yi women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Potato processing industry is an important carrier for implementing potato staple food strategy, which was launched in 2015 in mainland China. Ulanqab City located in Inner Mongolia, which is one of the main producing areas of potato and located in the North of China. Ulanqab City is a prominent leader of China’s potato production and is often referred to as “China’s Potato Capital”. Based on a survey among potato processing companies and factories in Ulanqab City, the current study analyzed the factors that influenced the development of Chinese potato processing industry from a perspective of industrial integration. First, vertical cooperation based on contracts between farmers and processors has still lagged by now, and therefore efficient, intensified and large-scale planting haven’t yet been formed in the Ulanqab City. Second, processing in a lower level, lacking of recycling and reusing of wastes and insufficient utilizing of by-products, seasonal overcapacity, and periodic idling of processing equipments were common problems faced by the surveyed potato processing enterprises. Furthermore, compared with the potato enterprises in developed countries, those in China fall behind in processing equipments, production technologies and management concepts. Third, higher logistics costs, the underdevelopment of cold-chain logistics, lacking of financial supports, the change of foreign exchange rates and the implement and enforce of international trade control had great influence on the development of potato processing industry. In addition, the proposal of “potato staple food strategy” offers a new opportunity and points the way for the development of the potato processing industry. Potato staple food strategy involves the potato processing industry and its upstream and downstream industries. The potato farmers’ responses to the policy will surely promote the development of potato production technology and provide quality raw materials for the processing industry. The research institutes, incentive by the guidance of the potato staple food strategy, will do more research in the related fields of technologies and policy. Most importantly, the strategy will bring more changes for the potato processing industry and thus boom the industry. Also, more Chinese consumers will accept potato products as staple food with the implementation of the strategy and thus increase the demands of potatoes from the source. Thus, the strategy is undoubtedly the driving force behind the rapid development of the potato processing industry in China. In terms of policies, it is urgent and of vital importance to put the potato staple food strategy into practice. Specifically, first, the government agencies should treat the production of potato as those of staple crops, such as wheat and rice, and offer rational subsidies for the planting of potato. Second, the government agencies should provide more supports to the potato processing companies. Third, the government agencies should increase research and develop investment in the potato planting areas for more sustainable production and ecological protection. Finally, the Chinese government agencies at all levels should attach importance to the top-level designing before formulating relative policies, by focusing on the coordinated development of the primary, secondary and tertiary industry and therefore promoting a healthy and sustainable development of the Chinese potato industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the problems that the numbers of nodes in hidden layers of ELM neural network are in need of manual setting, and the over-fitting phenomenon is easy to appear, resulting in a reduction in the network generalization, an EM_ELM algorithm was proposed to improve ELM neural network based on error minimization. The feasibility was proved in theory which could improve the prediction accuracy and generalization of ELM neural network. Meanwhile, the algorithm was also applied into the model of FAST node displacement prediction and conducted simulation finally. The results show that although EM_ELM neural network is not sufficient in training time to a certain degree, it is still proper in real-time requirement. Besides, its prediction accuracy and generalization capabilities are enhanced, which is just a proof in the effectiveness and feasibility of the improved algorithm, thereby further illustrating that the EM_ELM neural network is more suitable for FAST node displacement prediction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a novel Frequency Hopping(FH) communication scheme for communication between a satellite and ground station based on the Beidou time service and satellite ephemeris is proposed. Satellite orbits are predicted by the SGP4 model based on satellite ephemeris and the propagation delay and Doppler shift are estimated. The estimated results are used for pre-correction and compensation at the ground station. Results show that t propagation delay estimation accuracy is better than 300 ns. so the FH rate reaches 20 000 Hops/s with a cost of 1 o. The normalized Doppler shift error is less than 1×10-8, the proposed method can operate under low SNR conditions or strong jamming, as it does not rely on the pilot or sync head. This optimized scheme has lower complexity and better anti-jamming capability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes with non-hodgkin lymphoma and evaluate the prognosis. Methods: The clinical date of 1 case of patient with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) who was diagnosed as anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) at he same time was retrospectively reviewed, the diagnosis and treatment procedure were summarized and the prognosis was evaluated. Results: With the diagnosis of ALCL, the patient's condition had no significant progression after symptomatic treatment of chemotherapy, as the ALK was positive, we considered the prognosis was poor, suggested hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Conclusion: The case of myelodysplastic syndromes with non-hodgkin lymphoma was very rare at home and aboard, the method of treatment was still needed further research at present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Kidney CT image with poor quality shows similar gray scale to that of surrounding tissues on abdominal CT images. Therefore, it is difficult to segment the kidney accurately by traditional image segmentation method. OBJECTIVE: To assist the diagnosis of renal diseases and improve the accuracy of renal segmentation in CT images based on an improved geodesic active contour model. METHODS: Based on the comparative analysis of various traditional medical image segmentation algorithms, a kidney segmentation algorithm based on the improved geodesic active contour model was designed. The region of interest was delineated according to prior knowledge, and the initial contour of the kidney was obtained during the pretreatment stage. Based on the geodesic active contour model of the level set method, the boundary response of the kidney region was enhanced and the improved edge indicator function was used to make the contour curve evolution result closer to the real target boundary. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The mean Dice coefficient and mean overlap degree of 328 two-dimensional CT images of the kidney were 0.974 9 and 0.907 1, respectively, which were improved compared with other level set methods. Experimental results show that this model can improve the segmentation accuracy and efficiency of the kidney region in abdominal CT images. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Intestinal mucosal renewal is a key physiological process to maintain body homeostasis, and stem cells at the crypt base are the driving force for intestinal epithelial proliferation and differentiation. Silent information regulator (SIRT) is involved in the regulation of cell gene repair, metabolism, energy balance, and lifespan. Research on its role in intestinal epithelial homeostasis has gradually become a hot spot. Intestinal organoids are formed by 3D culture of single crypt stem cells, which can present the intestinal epithelial renewal and repair process after damage in vitro. It is the latest model for studying intestinal mucosal renewal. OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the characteristic changes of intestinal mucosal morphology, intestinal organoid formation and its transcriptomics in a SIRT6 genespecific knockout (SIRT6-i/-i) mouse model. METHODS: The Cre-loxp method was used to establish the SIRT6-i/-i mouse mode. Paraffin sections of small intestine tissue were prepared to observe the pathological changes using hematoxylin-eosin staining, and the expression of intestinal stem cell marker Lgr5 and Paneth cell marker Lyso was detected by immunohistochemistry. The intestinal organoid SIRT6-i/-i mouse model was constructed in vitro, SIRT6 protein expression in intestinal organoids was detected by western blot assay, and the protein expression of Lgr5, cytokeratin 20 and mucin 2 in intestinal organoids was detected by immunofluorescence staining. The intestinal tissue was used for transcriptome sequencing, and the characteristic changes of the transcriptome in the mouse model were analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the control group, SIRT6-i/-i mouse intestinal mucosa showed sparse and shortened villi, shallower crypts, increased number of goblet cells, significantly decreased number of Paneth cells, and significantly reduced expression of Lgr5 and Lyso. The expression of SIRT6 protein in the SIRT6-i/-i mouse organoid was significantly reduced. The budding rate of organoids and the expression of Lgr5 were reduced, while the expression of absorption epithelial cell marker cytokeratin 20 and goblet cell marker mucin 2 increased obviously. Transcriptome results showed that there were 846 differentially expressed genes between the control and model mouse intestine, including 438 up-regulated genes and 408 down-regulated genes. The top five differentially expressed genes enriched in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway were chemical carcinogens, drug metabolism, retinoic acid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, and steroid biosynthesis. And the differentially expressed genes in the top five pathways focusing on the Cyp450 family included Cyp2c29, Cyp2c65, Cyp3a11, and Cyp3a25. To conclude, SIRT6 gene deletion can lead to the imbalance of intestinal stem cell proliferation and differentiation, and the mechanism may be related to the metabolic regulation pathways of SIRT6. Regulating cytochrome P450 family by SIRT6 is closely related to the homeostasis of intestinal mucosal renewal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To establish and improve the bi-direction referral system of Fudan Pediatric Medical Alliance in Songjiang District, Shanghai, and to improve the efficiency and quality of pediatric referral. Methods Based on the platform of Fudan Pediatric Medical Alliance, the basic characteristics, referral types and diseases of patients referred by Songjiang District Central Hospital to Children’s Hospital of Fudan University from Mar 2019 to Dec 2020 were analyzed through cross-sectional survey. We analyzed and compared the disease distribution characteristics of referral cases, numbers of actual visits and lost visits, and effective referral rate between 2020 and 2019. Results From 2019 to 2020, a total of 306 children were referred to Children’s Hospital. The minimum age of the children referred was 1 hour after birth, and the maximum age was 14 years and 2 months. Preschool children aged 1-6 and school-age children older than 6 were the main ones, accounting for 36. 9% and 41. 8%, respectively. According to the characteristics of patients' condition, a three-classified referral process of newborns, critically ill children and specialized diseases was established, including 234 cases of specialized diseases (76. 5%), 44 cases of critically ill diseases (14. 4%) and 28 cases of newborns (9. 2%) . There was no significant difference in gender, age distribution and referral type between 2020 and 2019 (P>0. 05) . In 2019, 101 cases were actually referred, with an effective referral rate of 65. 6%. After improving the integrated management system of referral registration, follow-up and feedback, 122 cases were actually referred in 2020, with an effective referral rate of 80. 3%, which was significantly higher than that in 2019 (P=0. 004) . The top three sub specialties with the largest demand for pediatric referral were emergency internal medicine, neurology, infection department and pediatric surgery (tied for third) . Conclusion The disease based classified referral system can provide the most timely and efficient high-quality medical services for children. Through the integrated bi-directional referral system of 'referral registration, follow-up, feedback', the effective referral rate in Songjiang District Central Hospital were significantly improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the low accuracy of fault diagnosis due to the difficulty in extracting fault features of rolling bearings under strong noise background, a bearing fault diagnosis method was proposed based on wavelet transform, improved singular value decomposition multi-stage denoising algorithm and support vector machine model. Firstly, wavelet denoising was used to reduce the initial noise of the original signal and eliminate part of the random noise. Then, the improved singular value decomposition（SVD） was used for secondary denoising of the signal. The denoising was completed through three steps: improving the phase space matrix reconstruction method, putting forward a new method to determine the effective rank order of singular value, and optimizing the one-dimensional signal extraction scheme by using kurtosis. Finally, 10 effective features were extracted and simulated in MATLAB with support vector machine. The influence of different features on diagnosis results was analyzed and the comparison between the proposed method and other methods was made. The results show that the multi-stage noise reduction algorithm can reduce the background noise under the working state of bearings and make the characteristic frequency more obvious. At the same time, the fault identification accuracy of the SVM classifier can reach 98.3%, which can effectively identify the location and severity of faults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agricultural drought and flood disasters occur most frequently in the Huaihe River Basin of China, accounting for 80% of the total loss of grain production. Taking the Huaihe River Basin as the study area, this study aims to dynamically monitor the spatial and temporal pattern of farmland drought and flood for the main food crops, thereby improving the rational allocation for the regional water resources at the timeliness and precision level. The daily meteorological observation and soil moisture data were collected at the 173 meteorological stations from 1971 to 2020. The budget of farmland water was optimized to calculate the Standardized Antecedent Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SAPEI), according to the relevant characteristics of regional soil and main planting crops. The timeliness and refinement level of SAPEI was satisfied with the commercial requirements for the surface dry and wet changes in most areas, considering the farmland water balance and rational assessment of the drought and flood at multiple time/space scales. The applicability of SAPEI was finally evaluated on the temporal and spatial characteristics of farmland drought and flood over the past 50 years. The results showed that the probability distribution fitting of three parameter log-logistic was applicable to the SAPEI in the study area. The annual SAPEI showed an upward trend as a whole, indicating that the drought slowed down. There was a downward trend with an abrupt change in 1992 from the normal to the drought during the growth period of winter wheat. There were also some outstanding positive and negative fluctuations during the growth period of single cropping rice. For example, the SAPEI had achieved a minimum of -0.921 in 1978, where the continuous drought appeared from spring to autumn in the planting area of single cropping rice in the southern study area. More importantly, the precipitation was generally only half of water demand, where the yield of rice decreased significantly, indicating a very serious drought. There was an upward trend during the growth period of summer maize, where the index was continuously greater than 0 from 2001 to 2010, indicating an outstanding wet period. In addition, there was a moderate trend of drought at most stations in the spatial distribution. A case study showed that the SAPEI truly represented the daily changes of surface farmland drought and flood, 93% of the samples with the Kappa coefficient over 0.6, indicating better consistency. Consequently, the SAPEI can be applied to daily dynamically monitor the service of farmland drought and flood, thereby timely preventing and reducing the impacts of the farmland drought and flood on the crops in the Huaihe River Basin. This finding can also provide a strong reference for the decision-making on disaster prevention and reduction measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cold water fish skin gelatin (FSGltn) was chosen as the main material, wherein catechol groups (CAT) were linked through quantitative modification to prepare a catechol-modified gelatin (CAT-FSGltn). Then CAT-FSGltn and dextran dialdehyde (DDA) were mixed in situ to prepare a tissue adhesive (CAT-FSGltn/DDA) with good adhesion in a wet environment. It was found that the gelation time of CAT-FSGItn/DDA was within 60 s. The fully crosslinked CAT-FSGltn/DDA hydrogel showed minimal mass loss after being immersed in PBS solution for over 80 h. When adhered to a rubber film resembling the tissue membrane, the hydrogel CAT-FSGltn/DDA demonstrated an ability to withstand stretching up to twice its initial length without fracturing. An in vitro model was used to evaluate the compressive strength of the tissue adhesive. The compressive strength of CAT-FSGltn/DDA was observed to reach 105.7 mmHg, surpassing the human diastolic pressure. The results indicated that CAT-FSGltn/DDA possessed both strong cohesion and adhesion. Tissue sections showed that CAT-FSGltn/DDA cured for 30 min was closely attached to the casing surface, and the hydrogel/casing interface remained intact after the water flow impact. Cell experiments showed that the survival rate of L929 cells was more than 80%, CAT-FSGltn/DDA hydrogel had good biocompatibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The aims of this study are to reveal the variation characteristics of soil anti-scourability of different types of agricultural land in the Anning River arid valley, and to elucidate the main soil factors affecting soil anti-scourability of agricultural land in the Anning River arid Valley, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of soil erosion in the agricultural land. [Methods] Eucalyptus economic forest(EEF), potato cultivated land(PCL), pastoral land(GL), abandoned land(AL) and green pepper garden(GPG) were taken as the research objects, the undisturbed soil flume scour method was used for soil anti-scour tests, and soil samples were collected to determine soil properties. Pearson correlation and stepwise regression analysis between soil anti-scour coefficient and soil properties were carried out. [Results](1) During the 15 min flushing process, the sediment content of runoff decreased sharply with the extension of flushing time and then leveled off and stabilized. The anti-impact coefficient increased with the increase of scour time, and the logarithm, inverse function or linear function could be used to fit the relationship. The flushing resistance of the five selected types of agricultural soils decreased in the order: GL＞EEF＞GPG＞ AL＞PCL.(2) The soil properties of agricultural land were mainly affected by human activities. The soil properties of GL and EEF were good, AL and PCL were poor, and GPG was in between, and the stability of agglomerates showed the sequence: GPG＞GL＞EEF＞AL＞PCL.(3) Correlation and stepwise regression analysis showed that soil impact resistance was mainly influenced by soil mechanical composition and water-stable agglomerates, and the optimal regression equation was described as: soil impact resistance coefficient=84.016-1.135×＜0.25 mm water-stable agglomerates-7.413×clay particles. [Conclusion] This study shows that the soil resources of cultivated land in the arid valley area of the Anning River are seriously endangered by tillage and the soil quality is seriously reduced, and the soil resistance and soil properties of garden land are relatively poor, so the attention and protection of cultivated land and garden land resources should be strengthened. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the daily meteorological data of 35 national meteorological observation stations in Dabie Mountains from 1971 to 2020, the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of spring frost disaster for tea plant were analyzed with trend surface interpolation and ArcGIS technology. According to the theory of natural disasters risk, the risk of hazard-formation factors, the exposure of hazard-formation environments, the vulnerability of hazard-affected bodies and the capability of hazard prevention and mitigation were taken as the evaluation factors, the weighted comprehensive evaluation method was used to construct the comprehensive risk assessment model of spring frost disaster. The risk zoning had been carried out based by the means of ArcGIS technology. The results showed that: (1) the number of occurrence days of spring frost in different grades decreased significantly from 1971 to 2020, with the average number of occurrence days of total, slight, moderate and severe spring frost being 9.6, 5.2, 3.0 and 1.4d respectively, and the climatic tendency rates being -1.45, -0.61, -0.54 and -0.30d·10y-1. The number of occurrence days was positively correlated with altitude and latitude, and the downward trend of the number of occurrence days in the northern region was much more obvious than that in the southern region. (2) The high risk, medium risk and low risk areas of tea spring frost disaster accounted for 16.67%, 41.88% and 41.45% of the total area in the study region respectively. The high-risk areas were mainly located in the high mountainous regions with an altitude of more than 600m in Jinzhai, Yuexi, Huoshan, Yingshan and Xinyang, as well as scattered shady slopes (northern slopes); the medium-risk areas were mainly located in the mountainous region with an altitude of less than 600m and most of the low-altitude region at the northern foot of Dabie Mountains, and scattered shady slope (north slope) in the low-altitude region at the southern foot of Dabie Mountains; the low-risk region were mainly located in the low-altitude region at the southern foot of Dabie Mountains, and scattered sunny slope (south slope) in the low-altitude areas at the northern foot of Dabie Mountains. The refined assessment of the risk of tea spring frost could provide reference for optimizing the layout of the tea industry and enhancing disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities in Dabie Mountains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To study the raising dust law of coal dust with different sizes in open coal yard, the experimental device of coal dust raising dust was set up according to the basic principles of wind tunnel experiment and similar simulation experiment, and the dust phenomenon and law of dust pile composed of different sizes under different conditions of open coal yard were studied. The method of least squares and Goss-Newton is used to analyze the experimental data regression. The experimental results show that the dust amount of coal dust increases first and then decreases with the increase of particle size, and when the particle size of coal dust is close to 0.23mm, the dust volume of coal dust is the largest, and the particle size of coal dust is less than that of coal dust. Regression analysis concluded the mathematical relationship between the dust content of the conical coal dust with different water content with the average particle size in the 0~0.23mm and the static coal dust in different wind speed conditions. The mass moisture content of dust is guaranteed to be more than 6%, the environmental wind speed of coal dust is less than 4m/s, and the secondary dust of coal dust can be effectively reduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AIM: To investigate the expression of syntaxin binding protein 4 (STXBP4) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and its effects on the malignant biological behavior of OSCC cells. METHODS: (1) The TIMER, GEPIA2, UALCAN, ENCORI, GEO and HPA databases were used to comprehensively study the expression of STXBP4 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) tissues at mRNA and protein levels. The mRNA and protein expres⁃ sion levels of STXBP4 in OSCC cell lines were detected by qPCR and Western blot, respectively. (2) The expression of STXBP4 in SCC-9 cells was down-regulated by small interfering RNA (siRNA), and knockdown (si-STXBP4-1, si-STXBP4-2 and si-STXBP4-3) groups and negative control (si-NC) group were established. Overexpression of SCAL-27 cells was achieved by lentivirus transfection, and overexpression (LV-STXBP4) group and negative control (LV-NC) group were established. The viability, colony formation and migration of OSCC cells were examined by CCK-8, plate colony formation, and Transwell assays, respectively. Western blot was used to detect the expression of epithelial-mesen⁃ chymal transition (EMT)-related proteins. (3) By establishing a subcutaneous xenograft tumor model in nude mice, we in⁃ vestigated the effect of STXBP4 on the proliferation of OSCC cells in vivo. RESULTS: (1) Analysis of the TIMER, GE⁃ PIA2, UALCAN, ENCORI and GEO databases revealed that HNSCC tissues had higher STXBP4 mRNA levels than nor⁃ mal tissues. Immunohistochemical staining from HPA database showed that STXBP4 protein in HNSCC tissues was higher than that in normal oral mucosa tissues. In contrast to normal oral mucosa cells, STXBP4 was highly expressed in 5 OSCC cell lines (P<0. 05). (2) The relative expression of STXBP4 in SCC-9 cells transfected with si-STXBP4-1, si-STXBP4-2 and si-STXBP4-3 was significantly lower than that in si-NC group (P<0. 01). Compared with si-NC group, knockdown of STXBP4 resulted in decreased proliferation and migration of SCC-9 cells (P<0. 05). The CAL-27 cells transfected with LV-STXBP4 had considerably higher STXBP4 level than the cells in LV-NC group (P<0. 01), and had markedly better proliferation and migration abilities than those in LV-NC group (P<0. 01). The protein expression of N-cadherin decreased and that of E-cadherin increased after STXBP4 expression was knocked down, while STXBP4 overexpression exerted the opposite effects (P<0. 05). (3)In vivo, overexpression of STXBP4 increased the volume and weight of xenograft tumors in nude mice (P<0. 05). CONCLUSION: High expression of STXBP4 promotes the proliferation and migration of OSCC cells, and its effect on the migration behavior of OSCC cells may be related to EMT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study the effects of fermented feed on the growth performance and intestinal structure of cherry valley ducks, a total of 360 1- day- old male cherry valley ducks were randomly divided into three groups with four replicates per group and 30 ducks per replicates in this research. Ducks in the control group were fed with normal diet, while the experimental groupsⅠ and Ⅱ were fed with normal diet supplemented with 5% and 10% fermented feed, respectively. The ducks were raised using two-stage diets for 42 days. The results showed that the average daily gain of the experimental groupⅠ was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05), and the feed weight ratio was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the length of the duodenum, ileum, cecum and rectum in the experimental groupⅠ had increased (P>0.05), and the length of the jejunum in the experimental groups were significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). The villus height in the duodenum, jejunum and ileum of the experimental group Ⅰ was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). The supplementation of fermented feed was beneficial to increase the crypt depth, but there was no significant difference between the experimental groups and the control group (P>0.05). In terms of villus height/crypt depth, there was no significant difference among the groups (P>0.05). Therefore, supplementation with 5% fermented feed could reduce the feed weight ratio significantly, increase body weight gain, improve intestinal structure, and be beneficial for the healthy growth of cherry valley ducks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: There is still controversy whether human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can maintain their biological characteristics, energy metabolism patterns, and multidirectional differentiation potential after long-term expression in vitro. Further comprehensive and systematic research is needed. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of long-term expansion in vitro on the biological characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells. METHODS: Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells cultured to passage 5, 10, and 15 in vitro. MTT assay was used to detect cell proliferation ability. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell cycle. The multi-differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells was detected by inducing to adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation. Cell migration and invasion abilities were detected by scratch test and Transwell assay. The mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis function were analyzed using energy metabolism analyzer. The cell senescence was detected by senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining. The expression levels of p21, p16, and p53 proteins were detected by western blot assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells at passages 5, 10, and 15 grew adherently; the volume of passage 15 mesenchymal stem cells increased and its proliferation ability decreased; the percentage of S-phase cells decreased (P < 0.05). With the increase of culture passages, the migration and invasion abilities decreased gradually (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the differentiation potential, demonstrated by adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenesis induction. The ability of oxidative phosphorylation of mitochondria and glycolysis decreased gradually (P < 0.05). The number of senescence-associated β-galactosidase-positive cells increased with the increase of passages (P < 0.05), and the expression of senescence protein p21, p16, and p53 increased gradually (P < 0.05). The results indicated that the biological characterization of mesenchymal stem cells changed after long-term in vitro expansion. Mesenchymal stem cells cultured over 10 passages may have a reduced activity due to increasing senescence. Therefore, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells cultured less than 10 passages are suitable for clinical research/therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

上颌后牙缺失后多种原因造成牙槽嵴的快速吸收,从而导致该区域垂直骨量不足,使后期种植 修复难度上升。解决垂直骨量不足的常见术式为上颌窦提升,其中上颌窦内提升作为一种骨增量手术并发症 相对较小,手术时间较短,增加了患者的舒适感,受到许多医师和患者的青睐。目前,上颌窦内提升术越来越广 泛用于临床,该文主要对新型上颌窦内提升手术方法及其生物材料的应用进行了综述。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a crime that threatens public safety and social stability, child trafficking has attracted widespread attention from all sectors of society. Few studies have been conducted on child trafficking, especially in the literature review conducted from the perspective of comparison between China and abroad, which makes it difficult to fully reveal the system and development of current research. This study clarifies the thematic structure and development of child trafficking in China and abroad, based on the "Web of ScienceTM Core Collection" and CNKI data sources, using CiteSpace software. Specifically, the study comparatively examines the progress of child trafficking studies in China and abroad since 2000 and analyzes future development trends from the time of publication, regional and subject distribution, research institutions, and keyword co-occurrence. We hope that this work provides a relatively complete and objective understanding for innovative future research. The results indicate that: (1) the research on child trafficking started earlier abroad, and the theoretical system and research methods are relatively mature. From 2000 to 2020, a total of 215 articles were published in Web of Science, showing two stages of fluctuating and rapid growth, and USA ranks first worldwide. There are 46 core articles published in CNKI, showing two stages of initial exploration and fluctuating growth overall, with a relatively slow growth rate in China. More studies are distributed in the fields of social studies, psychology, pediatrics, family studies and criminology in abroad, while domestic studies are mainly distributed in the field of law, criminology and sociology. In recent years, the research in the field of geography has risen rapidly, and there is ample room for development. (2) Due to the differences in regional environment and national conditions, international child trafficking is part of a study on human trafficking, which is mainly for the purpose of exploitation, including direct and indirect exploitation, involving various topics such as commercial sexual exploitation, labor exploitation, trafficking human organs, child marriage trafficking, and other types of trafficking. Commercial trafficking and sexual exploitation are the main research hotspots of child trafficking. Child trafficking in China is usually discussed in combination with the trafficking of women, focusing on the provincial trafficking for the purpose of adoption, and "family control" and "lured adoption" are common ways of committing crimes. The legal policy and social reasons surrounding child trafficking are hot topics of concern. (3) With the increase in interdisciplinary integration, child trafficking involves suicide risk and well-being, rehabilitation and return to society, child protection and trafficking prevention and control measures, which have become popular topics abroad. The theme of domestic child trafficking has extended from focusing on legal policies and social reasons to spatial-temporal patterns, influencing factors, resettlement, and social integration. In the future, how to integrate the relevant parties involved in child trafficking (criminals, victims or guardians, and other people) with the spatio-temporal environment (social environment, built environment, and surrounding people flow environment), and explore the evolution of geographical factors and the spatio-temporal activity trajectory of child trafficking from the perspective of criminal geography? It is important to deeply analyze the occurrence mechanism of child trafficking from the interactive perspective of time, space, and humans. How to make full use of the modern technological means to track and combat child trafficking in practice, to contribute to the prevention and management of this issue at home and abroad, constitutes a key question. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore the sleep disorders characteristics in patients with epilepsy, and to analyze the relationship between insomnia symptoms and cognitive function, anxiety and depression. A total of 120 patients with epilepsy who were admitted to our hospital from February 2018 to June 2020 were included as the research subjects (epilepsy group), and they were divided into insomnia group (ISI score ≥ 15 scores) and non-insomnia group (ISI score < 15 scores) according to the total score of insomnia severity index scale (ISI). Another 50 healthy subjects were selected as the healthy control group, the characteristics of sleep disorders in epilepsy patients were discussed, and the relationship between insomnia symptoms and cognitive function and anxiety and depression was analyzed. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Scale (PSQI) score (4.45±1.26) scores, ISI score (12.35±5.63) scores and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) score (6.32±3.54) scores in epilepsy group were higher than those in healthy control group (3.11±1.03) scores, (9.62 ±5.14) scores and (5.12 ±3.06) scores, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The patients with epilepsy with insomnia accounted for 19.17% (23/120), and without insomnia accounted for 80.83% (97/120) respectively. There were significant differences in the disease course, ISI score and seizure type between the epilepsy with insomnia group and without insomnia group (P＜ 0.05). The Montreal cognitive assessment scale (MoCA) total score in epilepsy with insomnia group was lower than that in the without insomnia group, Beck depression inventory Edition 2 (BDI-Ⅱ) score, Beck anxiety inventory (BAI) score were higher than those in the without insomnia group, the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the total ISI score of epilepsy patients was negatively correlated with the total MOCA score (P＜0.05), and the BDI-Ⅱ score, BAI score were positively correlated (P＜0.05). Most patients with epilepsy have sleep disorder, and cognitive function, anxiety and depression symptoms are closely related to insomnia symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using one-way variance analysis (ANOVA) and Kriging spatial interpolation, the influences of Tamarix chinensis to the soil nutrients distribution along the direction of plant community succession Suaeda salsa Community, Suaeda salsa-Tamarix Community and Tamarix chinensis Community in the estuary wetland of the Yellow River delta were studied. The results indicate that the contents of soil organic matter (SOM) and available nitrogen (AN) are increased along the direction of community succession. The content of available phosphorus (AP) in JC is the highest and the lowest in CL; the content of available potassium (AK) in CL is the highest and the lowest in JC. Vertically, with the increase of soil depth, the content of AP is decreased in all of the three communities, the varying trends of SOM, AN and AK are different among the three communities. In the direction of plant community succession, the range of N limitation in the surface layer of soil is decreased gradually, in contrast, the range of P limitation in the bottom layer is increased gradually. The average enrichment rate of nutrients under the crown of Tamarix chinensis in all of the three plant communities is higher than that of the crown edge mid the development degree of "fertile island" in CL is higher than that of JP, but the effect of "fertile island" under JC is not obvious. In addition, the enrichment degree of different nutrients under the crown of Tamiarix chinensis is different from each other. For instance, enrichment rate of AK is higher than AP. JC has the highest enrichment rate on various nutrient indices in the layer of 30-50 cm and it is much higher than that of JP and CL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: The optic nerve has been widely used as a main carrier for promoting or inhibiting axon regeneration in the central nervous system. OBJECTIVE: To review the research progress in the mechanism of optic nerve regeneration METHODS: PubMed, CNKI, and WanFang database were searched for relevant studies using the keywords of “optic nerve, axon regeneration, retinal ganglion cell” in English and Chinese, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Although retinal ganglion cells in adults show no capacity to regenerate their axons following optic nerve damage, in the past several decades, studies have shown that retinal ganglion cells have the potential to partially regenerate axons under proper conditions. Recently, some degree of regeneration has been achieved through a segment of peripheral nerve grafted to the optic nerve, or the optic nerve itself by factors associated with intraocular inflammation, or by applying trophic factors, blocking suppressors of axon growth or altering levels of the intracellular signaling pathway. Combinatorial treatments that include two or more of these factors enable some retinal ganglion cells to regenerate axons from the eye through the entire length of the optic nerve and across the optic chiasm. In some cases, regenerating axons have been shown to innervate the appropriate central target areas and elicit postsynaptic responses. Thus, progress in optic nerve regeneration holds promise not only for visual restoration but also for improving outcomes after injury to other parts of the mature central nervous system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hyperspectral imaging system can widely be expected to acquire a set of sample images within certain spectral bands in each pixel at the same time. In this study, a rapid detection was proposed for the myoglobin content in pork samples using spectral images and deep learning. The pork was placed under the cold storage conditions at 4°C, where a total of 250 pork samples were settled at different times (0, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 h). A hyperspectral imager was used to collect the pork hyperspectral images (400 to 1 000 nm). ENVI5.3 software was also selected to determine the region of interest (ROI) in the hyperspectral images, thereby to extract the full-band average spectrum and principal component image of ROI. Subsequently, a savitzky-golay (SG) filter was used to denoise the spectral information for the curve smoothness and spectral resolution. A convolutional auto encoder (CAE) was utilized to extract spectral depth features. A prediction model was finally established for the content of deoxymyolglobin (DeoMb), oxymyoglobin (OxyMb) and metmyoglobin (MetMb) in the pork samples. The results showed that the determination coefficients of test datasets were 0.923 8, 0.920 3, and 0.909 2, and the root mean square errors (RMSE) were 0.033 4, 0.619 7, and 0.809 1, respectively. Furthermore, the image information of adjacent wavelengths was highly correlated against the image extraction and storage. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was utilized to reduce the dimension of hyperspectral images for better storage and processing. As such, the images under all bands were linearly combined to form a principal component image in the ENVI5.3 software. The first three principal component images represented 90.62% of the original hyperspectral image, where the contribution rate of the first principal component was 88.50%, indicating the most information. Therefore, the first principal component image was selected for the subsequent image extraction. The first principal component image was unified to the size of 16×16 pixels, and then converted into a 768-dimensional column vector for the extraction of image depth features using a convolutional encoder. DeoM, OxyMb, and MetMb content prediction models were established using image depth features, in which the determination coefficients of test datasets were 0.772 1, 0.828 7, and 0.825 4, while the RMSE of prediction were 0.105 8, 1.302 7, and 1.566 7. The spectral and image features were fused at the data level, and then the fusion data was input into the CAE to extract the deep fusion features. The DeoMb, OxyMb and MetMb content prediction models were also established using the fusion depth features. The determination coefficients of test datasets were 0.964 5, 0.973 2, and 0.958 5, while the RMSE of prediction were 0.015 8, 0.226 6, and 0.381 6. Obviously, the determination coefficients of test dataset were improved, while the RMSE were reduced, compared with the individual image and spectrum information. Partial least square regression (PLSR) and support vector machine regression (SVR) prediction models were also established to further verify the relationship between the graph-spectrum fusion feature and pork myoglobin. It was found that the determination coefficients of the test dataset were greater than 0.85. Consequently, the convolutional autoencoder can be expected to extract the deep fusion features of image and spectral information. Moreover, the fusion features can better reflect the internal and external information of pork. The CNN regression model using the fusion features can also be used to improve the prediction accuracy. This finding can provide a new better way to detect the myoglobin content in pork using hyperspectral imaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to explore the temperature changes of grain piles in underground grain silos during storage. The research object was taken as a corn grain pile with 23% high moisture content and a weight of 15 tons, while the underground grain silo with an inner diameter of 3m and a height of 5 m. Firstly, the change of temperature field was analyzed experimentally under static storage conditions. Secondly, the multi-physics software COMSOL was selected to simulate the grain bins with the same size, boundary conditions and height using the theory of heat transfer in porous media. The actual pile height was also utilized to fully consider the influence of grain respiration on the distribution of temperature field in the pile during simulation. A comparison between numerical simulation and experimental data was made to investigate the influence of different initial grain temperature, grain type and loading season on the temperature field in the warehouse. The results show that the grain respiration was strong during the static storage stage. Specifically, the grain pile started to heat up at the bottom, and gradually formed a high-temperature heat core with 22.5 ℃ locating on the place, where was 1m radial and 2m axial from the physical core. Then, the position of heat core moved gradually to the middle and upper part of grain pile, and finally stabilized at the place where was 1m below the grain loading line, resulting in the obvious stratification in the temperature of grain pile. Furthermore, the spatial domain of air temperature descended from 15.1 to 12.2 ℃ in the bin at ambient temperature. The temperature changes of grain layers in the whole experiment chamber were almost unaffected by the air domain temperature, except the fourth layer of grain stack. More importantly, there was a great increase in the temperature of grain pile under various initial grain temperature (5, 15, 25 and 35 ℃). Specifically, the final temperatures of grain pile in the silo were 9.5 and 16.8 ℃, with an temperature increase of 4.5 ℃ and 1.8 ℃, when the initial grain temperatures were 5 and 15 ℃, respectively. The peak values of stack temperature in the silo were 19.2, 26.3 and 41.1 ℃, when the initial grain temperatures were 17.9, 25 and 35 ℃, respectively. There was the highest increase of temperature was 6.1 ℃ for the grain pile in the warehouse, when the initial grain temperature was 35 ℃. Nevertheless, the temperature declined after the peak. Among five kinds of grain pile (corn, rapeseed, soybean, wheat, and rice), the highest increase in the average temperature was 1.6 ℃ in the rapeseed pile, whereas, the lowest increase was 1.2 ℃ in the corn pile. External environment temperature in different seasons (spring: 17th April to 10th May; Summer: 17th July to 9th August; Autumn: 17th October to 9th November; Winter: 17th January to 9th February) presented little effect on the grain pile temperature in the silo, indicating that the temperature of grain pile in the silo behaved a consistent trend of change under different seasonal conditions. Consequently, the finding can provide a sound reference for practical engineering during storage of high moisture grain in underground silos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

为了给深化工程堆积体土壤侵蚀影响因素研究及工程堆积体水土流失防治提供参考，基于近１０ ａ 来工程堆积体土壤侵蚀 研究成果相关文献的查阅，对其影响因素进行了梳理和系统分析，系统分析总结了工程堆积体土壤侵蚀的主要影响因素，发现工程 堆积体坡面的产流、产沙受到土壤类型及砾石含量、降雨及上游平台来水情况、不同的坡体形态、坡面措施等因素的影响。尽管工 程堆积体的坡面侵蚀研究已经取得了一定的成果，但是受研究方法和技术条件所限，关于工程堆积体的研究还存在一些问题和不 足，需要进一步深入研究：①工程堆积体内部的水沙运移规律，水土流失与土壤类型及砾石含量、降雨及上游来水因素、坡体形态因 素、坡面措施等因素之间的关系有待进一步研究；②降雨与上游平台来水的交互作用；③各种因素共同作用下对堆积体坡面产流、 产沙的影响，是今后研究的重点和难点；④坡面防护措施的效果，尤其各类防护措施的综合防护效果研究，这对于工程堆积体的水 土流失防治至关重要。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: There is no effective treatment for retinal degenerative diseases, among which the loss of photoreceptor cells, dysfunction and loss of photoreceptor cells are the main causes of retinal degenerative diseases. Photoreceptor cell transplantation as a promising cell replacement therapy is the main research direction today. OBJECTIVE: To review the progress of photoreceptor cell replacement in the treatment of retinal degeneration. METHODS: PubMed, CNKI and Wanfang databases were searched. The Chinese keywords were “photoreceptor cells, retina, transplantation” and the English keywords were “photoreceptors, retina, transplantation”. After preliminary screening by reading the titles and abstracts, the articles with low relevance to the subject were excluded, and a total of 62 articles were finally included for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The transplantation of exogenous cells into the retinal degeneration environment to replace the photoreceptors lost in advanced retinal degeneration has shown great advantages and provided a new therapeutic strategy for the diseases of retinal degeneration. However, standardized cell screening protocols for clinical use are still not perfect, which is an important challenge for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Grain productivity mainly depends on the radiation use efficiency (RUE) of crops. The RUE can be defined as the relationship between the accumulation of biomass related to the light intercepted by the crop. It is necessary to clarify the relationship between crop photosynthesis, light interception ability, and RUE, in order to improve the utilization efficiency of crop resource, further to adjust planting structure. Additionally, the Northeast China, as an important major grain producing area, is playing a critical role in national food security. Taking maize, spring wheat, soybean, millet, and potato in Lishu county of Jilin province in Northeast China as research materials, 2 a field experiments were conducted to investigate the photosynthetic characteristics, light interception, and RUE of five main crops in different growing periods. The crops were first planted in the traditional way, where the cultivation and management were commonly used in the local area. A LI-6400XT portable photosynthesis and fluorescence system was used to measure the diurnal changes of net photosynthetic rate in the vegetative and reproductive growth stages. The light response curve was fitted to obtain the main parameters of light response. A linear light quantum analyzer was selected to measure the light interception of different parts in the key growth period. The light interception and bioaccumulation were used to calculate the utilization efficiency of light energy in different growth periods, whereas, the photosynthetic ally active effective radiation and bioaccumulation were used to calculate that in the whole growing season. The results showed that the maximum net photosynthetic rates of maize and millet were higher than 28 μmol/(m²·s) at the vegetative and reproductive growth stages, indicating significantly higher than those of soybean, spring wheat, and potato. The diurnal variation curve of net photosynthetic rate for soybean and potato showed a single peak curve, where the peak appeared in the morning. Maize and millet showed a high light saturation point, and a low light compensation point of each crop leaf, where the suitable range of light intensity for photosynthesis was higher than that of other crops. Maize and millet also obviously dominated in the net photosynthetic rate curve and main light response parameters of various crops in the vegetative and reproductive growth stages. The light interception ability of maize, soybean and millet was significantly better than that of other crops, but the planting density can be appropriately reduced to avoid the influence on the development of middle and lower leaves of crops. Nevertheless, the increase of planting density can contribute to improve the light interception ability in the population of potato and wheat. In the transition period from vegetative to reproductive growth stage, the maximum light interception was found in the upper part of crops, indicating an important impact on the improvement of crops RUE. The RUE of potato, maize and millet in the whole growing season was significantly higher than that of wheat and soybean, whereas, that in the transition period from vegetative to reproductive growth was higher than that in other growth periods. Therefore, it is recommended that potato, maize, and millet can be planted preferentially on the adjustment of planting structure using RUE and yield. The finding can provide valuable information to formulate more reasonable and effective planting structure, according to resource utilization efficiency in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics of nitrogen leaching from tobacco fields in order to understand the differences of nitrogen leaching from farmlands and tobacco fields. A long-term positioning experiment was conducted in Kaiyang county, Guizhou province of China (107°06′40″E, 26°52′24″N). In this area, the soil texture is silt loam. The mean rainfall is 1 129.9-1205.9 mm. Two cropping system were included. One was rotation (tobacco-winter fallow-maize) and the other one was continuous cropping (tobacco-winter fallow-tobacco). Four treatments with rotation cropping system were set up: no fertilizer (CK), chemical fertilizer (NPK), chemical fertilizer with manure (NPK + M), chemical fertilizer with bio-organic fertilizer (NPK + BM). One treatment with continuous cropping was also set up: chemical fertilizer with continuous cropping (NPK + L). The experiments were carried out in the fields from 2015 to 2017. In 2015, the leaching barrels were buried into the soils at 90-cm depth in the fields for monitoring leaching solution from the soils. The leaching solution was collected each a month for determination of inorganic N and total N. The organic N, net N leaching rate and apparent N leaching rate were calculated. The results showed that the annual leaching amount of inorganic nitrogen was 3.62-6.08 kg/hm², and the net leaching rate was 0.09%-3.29%. The leaching loss of inorganic nitrogen mainly occurred during the growing season of tobacco fields, especially in May to June, which accounts for 40.33%-65.86% of the total leaching amount. The nitrogen in leaching solution were mainly in organic form. During the growing season of tobacco, the inorganic nitrogen accounted for 27.82%-33.39% of the total leaching nitrogen, and organic nitrogen accounted for 66.61%-72.18% of the total leaching nitrogen. Rainfall was a main factor affecting the nitrogen leaching from tobacco fields, and the monthly leaching amount of inorganic nitrogen was nonlinearly related to the monthly rainfall. Application of chemical fertilizer resulted in a significant increase of leaching inorganic nitrogen. Organic fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer decreased the leaching amount of soil solution. The amounts of soil leaching solution in chemical fertilizer + manure and chemical fertilizer + bio-organic fertilizer treatment were lower than that in chemical fertilizer treatment. Bio-manure combined with chemical fertilizer significantly reduced leaching of inorganic nitrogen, and its inorganic nitrogen leaching amount was decreased by 39.44% compared with chemical fertilizer treatment. Compared with the treatment of rotation, the continuous cropping treatment significantly reduced soil water leaching and reduced the net leaching rate of nitrogen fertilizer by 59.57% (P<0.05). To sum up, under the current conventional management of flue-cured tobacco, the leaching intensity of inorganic nitrogen in the tobacco field in the rainfed agricultural area is not high. The results could provide valuable information for formulating suitable strategies of fertilization management in tobacco fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective　To establish a quality evaluation method for Shengmai injection with antioxidant and antiinflammatory effects as indicators. Methods　Using water-soluble vitamin E (Trolox) and N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (LNAME) as control drugs, using trinitrophenyl-hydrazine (DPPH) method and nitric oxide (NO) detection kit, the anti-oxidation effect and the inhibition ability of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NO release from mononuclear macrophage RAW264.7 were measured. The sample was converted into the corresponding concentration of the control drug to control and evaluate its methodological and biological effects. Results　Each batch of samples had good anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidation effects with high precision and good repeatability. There was no significant difference in the anti-inflammation capacity among batches of. Samples 2 and 8 were significant differences from other samples in anti-inflammatory ability. Conclusion　The established method can accurately evaluate the anti-oxidant and anti- inflammatory effects of Shengmai injection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Northeast China is an important grain production area of China. The maize planting is increasing recently. In this study, we explored the production capacity of the other crops in order to provide valuable information for laying out more reasonable and effective planting structure in the Northeast China. 2-year experiments were conducted in Lishu county of Jilin Province in 2016 and 2017. Crop treatments by water treatments were designed. Crops included soybean, wheat, millet and potato and 2 water treatments included irrigation and rain-fed method. The crops were planted in traditional way. The crop yield and soil water content were measured. The water consumption was calculated based on water balance equation. The water deficit rate was defined as the percentage of difference of precipitation and water requirement and water consumption. Water requirement was calculated based on potential evapotranspiration of FAO formula and crop coefficient. The water use efficiency was calculated based precipitation, irrigation and their sum. Then the yield and water use efficiency were converted into energy in order to compare different crops. Economic benefit of these 4 crops under different water treatments were compared. The results showed that compared to historical average, the year of 2016 was wet year and the year of 2017 was normal year. In the wet year, the precipitation was rich during the early and middle stages of crops while it was scarce during the early and late stages of the crops. The crop water requirements were higher than or equaled to in the wet year than in normal year. The wheat-buckwheat had the highest crop water consumption in 2016 while the potato had the lowest water consumption. During the initial stage, most of the crops had surplus precipitation. By the middle stage, most of them started to show shortage of precipitation. For the whole growth period, the water deficit of potato was the highest and that of the millet was the lowest. The potato had higher production capacity (over 100 000 GJ/hm2 under rain-fed treatment) than the other crops. The production capacity of the other crops was not significantly different (P>0.05). Irrigation could only improve production capacity of potato. However, the impact of irrigation on potato production capacity was different in different precipitation patterns. In normal year, the increase of production capacity of potato was much higher than the wet year. In addition, the water use efficiency of production capacity of potato was higher than the others. The irrigation water use efficiency of potato could be more than 20 GJ/mm, far higher than the other crops. Thus, the economic benefit of water use based on production capacity of potato was also the highest. Compared to the soybean and wheat-buckwheat, the millet was higher in the economic benefit of water use based on production capacity in wet year. Therefore, potato and millet had greater advantages than soybean and spring wheat in planting structure adjustment based on crop production capacity, the precipitation use efficiency in production capacity, irrigation water use efficiency in production capacity, agricultural water use efficiency in production capacity and economic coefficient in Lishu county of Jilin province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Currently, the specific pathological mechanism of intervertebral disk degeneration, especially the tissue alteration at nano-scale, is still unknown. OBJECTIVE: To establish a rat model of intervertebral disk degeneration in the caudal vertebrae and to explore the biomechanical alteration of collagen fibrils of annulus fibrosus at nano-scale induced by needle puncture and abnormal mechanical loading. METHODS: Eight adult Sprague-Dawley male rats were chosen and the coccygeal vertebral discs from C5-11 were located under anesthesia. The Co5-Co6 segments were set as normal group. The Co6-Co7 segments were subjected to needle puncture (needle-puncture group). The Co7-Co10 segments were drilled percutaneously by four parallel K-wires and the wires were fixed with self-made braces to make the Co8-Co9 segments under a constant compression environment. The Co8-Co9 segments were set as abnormal compression group. The Co10-Co11 segments were set as adjacent group. Sagittal T2-weighted MRI scanning of the rat caudal vertebrae was performed at 4 weeks after treatment. Hematoxylin-eosin and safranin O/Fast green staining of the intervertebral disc was also performed, and the inner and outer layers of the annulus fibrosus were observed using atomic force microscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The MRI signals in the abnormal compression group and needle-puncture group were significantly lower than those in the normal and adjacent groups (P < 0.05), while the MRI signals in normal and adjacent groups showed no significant difference. (2) Histological analysis revealed similarity in the normal and adjacent groups. In the needle-puncture group, the annulus fibrosus on the puncture site arranged disorderly, thickened and bulged inward into the nucleus pulposus, resulting in an unclear boundary between the annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus. The number of nucleus pulposus cells on the puncture side was dramatically reduced and vacuole-like structure disappeared. In the abnormal compression group, nucleus pulposus area remarkably decreased, the number of nucleus pulposus cells reduced and vacuole-like structure in the nucleus pulposus disappeared. Boundaries between the nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus remained clear. (3) Under the atomic force microscope, the elastic modulus of collagen fibrils in the outer layer was higher than that in the inner layer (P < 0.05). The elastic modulus of collagen fibrils in the adjacent and abnormal compression groups was similar to that in the normal group, while the elastic modulus of collagen fibrils in the needle-puncture group was higher than that in the normal and abnormal compression groups (P < 0.01). To conclude, these results reveal that the needle-puncture, which differs from the abnormal compression, can induce remarkable stiffening of collagen fibrils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) can compact to form aggregates during chondrogenic differentiation, but whether the formation of aggregation is a prerequisite for chondrogenic induction is not yet documented. OBJECTIVE: To observe the morphological characteristics of BMSCs differentiating into chondrocytes. METHODS: BMSCs were cultured in vitro and passage 6 cells were used for the following experiments. Cells were induced in serum-free LG-DMEM medium as control group or in complete chondrogenic induction medium containing transforming growth factor β3 as induction group for 14 days. Cellular morphology during differentiation process was observed by inverted microscope. Chondrocyte-specific markers, including type II collagen, aggrecan and chondrogenic transcription factor SOX9, were evaluated by immunofluorescence, toluidine blue staining and quantitative RT-PCR. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the control group, the cells began to lose the typical morphology at day 3 of chondrogenic induction, and then compacted to form mono-layered aggregates and multi-layered aggregates at days 7 and 14, respectively. The aggregates were positive for immunofluorescence and toluidine blue staining, while no staining was detected in the single cells. qRT-PCR results also confirmed the mRNA expression of type II collagen, aggrecan and SOX9 in the cells after chondrogenic induction. Therefore, these abovementioned results suggest that the formation of aggregation in BMSCs can be one of morphological markers of chondrogenic differentiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To establish chromatographic fingerprint for Wenjing Tang by HPLC-DAD . Methods The fingerprint was determined by Waters Xselect HSS T3 column (4 .6 mm×250 mm ,5fμm) with acetoniteile-0 .1% formic acid solution as mobile phase for gradient elution . The temperature of column was 25 °C at a flow rate of 0 .8 ml • min-1. The detective wavelength was set at 254 nm and ammonium glycyrrhizinate was selected as the reference peak. The HPLC fingerprints of 10 batches of Wenjing Tang were analyzed and the similarity was evaluated with Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of Traditional Chinese Medicine .Results There were 39 common peaks in the HPLC fingerprints of Wenjing Tang and 6 common peaks were determined by the relative time of the standard substance. The similarities of 10 batches were all above 0.98 and the deviations among these batches are very small. Conclusion The HPLC-DAD fingerprint method for Wenjing Tang is accurate , stable and reliable. The fingerprint is the characteristic of the overall chemical components in Wenjing Tang . It can be used as an effective method for the quality control of Wenjing Tang . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To evaluate the short-term prediction of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) and other cardiovascular risk biomarkers in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). Methods We conducted a cohort survey in 296 consecutive MHD patients whose clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. Before MHD, hs-cTnT and other relative cardiovascular biomarkers were detected. The end point (all-cause death) and time of occurring were recorded in the next 13 months. The differences between survival and all-cause death were analyzed by t-test, Mann-Whitney test and χ2 test. The best two percentile cutoff point was calculated by X-tile and the survival rate was calculated by Kaplan-Meier Logistic regression analysis was applied to analyze the odd ratio between high risk and non-high risk hs-cTnT group. Non-high risk group was divided into intermediate risk and low risk group based on the 99th percentile of hs-cTnT in healthy population, to further evaluate its short-term prediction value for MHD patients. The short-term significance of hs-cTnT was proved to be independently associated with all-cause death by Logistic regression analysis. Results The mean value of serum hs-cTnT in survival group was 0.05 (0.03~0.07) ng/mL, while in the death group it was 0.07 (0.04~0.14) ng/mL, which had statistical significance (P=0.027). The best two percentile cutoff of hs-cTnT in MHD patients was 0.1 ng/mL. The survival rate in high risk group (hs-cTnT>0.1 ng/mL) is lower than it in non-high risk group (hs-cTnT≤0.1 ng/mL) (76.67% vs.96.62%,P<0.05). The odd ratios for high risk group and non-high risk group was 7.288 (P<0.001). Moreover, further grouping the non-high risk group by hs-cTnT=0.014 ng/mL, intermediate risk group (hs-cTnT>0.014 ng/mL) group has lower survival rate than low risk group (hs-cTnT≤0.014 ng/mL), while there wasn’t any death case occurred in the low risk group. Conclusions Hs-cTnT is an independent risk factor to all-cause death. Thus hs-cTnT can be a strong indicator of short-term prediction and prognostic evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the utilization of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in the patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTE-ACS) in the former General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, and also to evaluate its rational utilization. Methods: A retrospective analysis was made on such indicators as application rate, duration of medication on the average per person, drug categories, frequency of medication (DDDs), use density (UD) and drug utilization index (DUI) of PPIs in NSTE-ACS patients of the hospital from January 2013 to June 2015. Rationality of PPIs application was also evaluated in accordance with the European and US guidelines. Results: Anti-platelet therapy was given to all the 129 patients, of whom 122 received dual anti-platelet therapy (DAPT ). There were 49 patients with moderate or high risks of CRUSADE bleeding scores, accounting for 37.98%, and bleeding risk was (11.00 ± 3.88)%. The application rate, the drug category, the duration of medication on the average per person, UD and DUI of PPIs were 90.70%, (1.32 ± 0.57), (7.05 ± 4.63) days, 129.15 DDDs and 1.71, respectively. For the application rate and DDDs, the top 3 were pantoprazole, esomeprazole and lansoprazole, and for DUI the top 3 were omeprazole, esomeprazole and pantoprazole. There was excessive use of PPIs in most patients. Conclusion: For the application of PPIs in the NSTE-ACS patients of the hospital, many problems existed, such as high rate of application, improper selection of drug categories and excessive utilization of drugs, which should be brought under control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]