Search

Introduction: the article reveals how extremism and terrorism are perceived in different mental civilizations: paganism (polytheism), monotheism and scientific worldview, from the standpoint of the legal consciousness of ordinary, canonical and secularethnic groups. The aim is to show that those phenomena which in the modern world are called extremism and terrorism and are subject to criminal punishment were perceived in exactly the opposite way in the mental eras of paganism and monotheism. Research methods: we use analysis of historical information about the phenomena of extremism and terrorism in different eras, related to the civilizational mentality of ethnic groups and peoples; we also use generalization (synthesis) of the information obtained. Results: revealing the attitude toward the phenomena that are now called “extremism” and “terrorism” in different mental civilizations allows us not only to understand the historically determined nature of these phenomena, but also to build an adequate system to counter them by changing existing approaches and methods. Conclusions: modern religious extremists and terrorists representinterests of the religious worldview and the way of life that are leaving the historical arena. Their re-socialization should be carried out taking into account civilizational mentality of religious people, relying primarily on the tolerant capabilities of the Holy Scriptures themselves. In the coming years, against the background of the natural decline of religious extremism and terrorism, there will be a rise of such types of “secular” extremism and terrorism as political, social, racial and linguistic, i.e. all those types of extremism that are listed in Articles 280 and 282 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. In order to counteract these types of extremism, it is necessary, first of all, to develop high legal awareness in citizens; in this regard, it is crucial that educational and psychological services of the Russian Penal System carry out systemwide and purposeful work in this direction. Keywords: extremism; terrorism; monotheism; paganism; scientific worldview; religious wars

This paper attempts to substantiate the need to align the legal consciousness of the world community of nations with the norms of international law and existing legislation in each specific country. In tandem with this, this paper also emphasizes the need to develop scientific thinking and a scientific approach to solving social problems of being in teenagers and young people. Currently, the surge in extremism and terrorism among adolescents and young people is associated not only with the most powerful global integration and migration processes, but also with the transition of humanity from one civilizational mentality to another. In particular, it is connected with the mental transition from religious-based civilizations of paganism and monotheism to the scientific worldview, which is the result of the intellectual activity of people who consider themselves to be superior to religion. As previous norms of behavior become obsolete and irrevocably disappear, and new ones form, the role of all state and public organizations in personality development increases immeasurably, guided by the values of the scientific world and tolerance of diverse opinions, attitudes, behavior and organization of life and leisure. It is no less important that such development strictly follow the laws of each country. The latter applies in particular to migrants whose ideological and legal positions are often anchored in religion which may differ substantively from that of the host country leading to problems in integration.

The cocrystallization of trans-[PtI2(NCN(CH2)5)2] and iodoform (CHI3) yields crystalline adduct trans-[PtI2(NCN(CH2)5)2]∙2CHI3, the structure of which was studied via single-crystal X-ray diffractometry (XRD). In the XRD structure of trans-[PtI2(NCN(CH2)5)2]∙2CHI3, apart from rather predictable C–H∙∙∙I hydrogen bonds (HBs) and C−I∙∙∙I halogen bonds (XBs) with the iodide ligands, we identified C–I∙∙∙Pt metal-involving XBs, where the platinum center functions as an XB acceptor (that includes a metal dz2-orbital) toward the σ-holes of I atoms of CHI3. DFT calculations (PBE-D3/jorge-TZP-DKH with plane waves in the GAPW method) were carried out in the CP2K program for isolated molecules, complex–iodoform clusters, and crystal models with periodic boundary conditions, where the noncovalent nature and the existence of the interactions were confirmed using charge analysis, Wiberg bond indexes, and QTAIM topology analysis of electron density, whereas the philicities of the noncovalent partners were proved using charge analysis, electron localization function, electron density deformation, and one-electron potential projections, as well as electron density/electrostatic potential profiles for cluster models and electrostatic potential surfaces (ρ = 0.001 a.u.) for isolated molecules.

Organic thermoelectric materials have potential for wearable heating, cooling, and energy generation devices at room temperature. For this to be technologically viable, high-conductance (G) and high-Seebeck-coefficient (S) materials are needed. For most semiconductors, the increase inSis accompanied by a decrease inG. Here, using a combined experimental and theoretical investigation, we demonstrate that a simultaneous enhancement ofSandGcan be achieved in single organic radical molecules, thanks to their intrinsic spin state. A counterintuitive quantum interference (QI) effect is also observed in stable Blatter radical molecules, where constructive QI occurs for ameta-connected radical, leading to further enhancement of thermoelectric properties. Compared to an analogous closed-shell molecule, the power factor is enhanced by more than 1 order of magnitude in radicals. These results open a new avenue for the development of organic thermoelectric materials operating at room temperature.

Introduction. Despite of almost 30-year world experience in mini-invasive adrenalectomy in non-oncologic pediatric patients, this issue remains not fully understood and systematized in the domestic literature. Material and methods. Our work is based on 67 laparoscopic adrenalectomies performed in 65 patients, aged from 3 months to 17 years, with predominantly benign neoplasms. Despite of a thorough preoperative examination of each patient, we met malignant neoplasms in 7 cases: 4 - adrenocortical cancer and 3 - neuroblastomas (further they were treated by oncologists). Location of the neoplasms was as follows: right-sided - 31, left-sided - 26, bilateral - 8 (6 patients out of them had bilateral simultaneous removal). Average size of the removed formations was 4.65 ± 1.29 cm (maximum 12 cm). Results and discussion. The vast majority of detected adrenal neoplasms are removed. Exceptions may be neoplasms less than 4 cm in diameter with the native density less than 10 HU by computed tomography; however, they should be actively monitored by specialists. If a malignant process is suspected, patients should be examined more thoroughly and should be treated in specialized hospitals. Nowadays, a minimally invasive and safe surgical treatment of neoplasms in the adrenal glands depends on the experience and trainings of surgeons and anesthesiologists, as well as on the equipment in the operating room. A key to the successful treatment of patients with benign adrenal neoplasms is a specific attention to curative peculiarities in such patients as well as an adequate sequence of actions during laparoscopic adrenalectomy in its main stage, namely, ligation of the central adrenal vein.

Biochemical indicators of saliva were studied in 47 patients of the intensive care unit and intensive care unit of a neurosurgical hospital with varying degrees of severity of the disease. The method of gas-liquid chromatography of the acidified substrate of the saliva filtrate determined the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and their reference values for patients without respiratory tract diseases. The threshold values of the concentrations of SCFA and the values of their calculated indices were determined by ROC analysis with the construction of the ROC curve, calculation of the area under the curve (AUC) and the cutoff threshold CutOff. The method of determining reference values of HFA in saliva developed as a result of the study makes it possible to assess the risks of developing an unfavorable course of the disease, optimize treatment tactics and improve the prognosis of the disease.

Authors acknowledge financial support from EPSRC (studentship to HR EP/R513337/1, Grant support to VSO EP/P007554/1, Grant support to TGG EP/L015005/1), The Royal Society (URF to JEL URF150698), and The Wellcome Trust for a multi-user equipment grant (099149/Z/12/Z). In the study of biological structures, pulse dipolar spectroscopy (PDS) is used to elucidate spin–spin distances at nanometre-scale by measuring dipole–dipole interactions between paramagnetic centres. The PDS methods of Double Electron Electron Resonance (DEER) and Relaxation Induced Dipolar Modulation Enhancement (RIDME) are employed, and their results compared, for the measurement of the dipolar coupling between nitroxide spin labels and copper-II (Cu(II)) paramagnetic centres within the copper amine oxidase from Arthrobacter globiformis (AGAO). The distance distribution results obtained indicate that two distinct distances can be measured, with the longer of these at c.a. 5 nm. Conditions for optimising the RIDME experiment such that it may outperform DEER for these long distances are discussed. Modelling methods are used to show that the distances obtained after data analysis are consistent with the structure of AGAO. Publisher PDF

The paper presents the results of a comparative epidemiological study of thermal injury and fatal hypothermia based on the results of consolidated reports of the Bureau of Forensic Medicine of the Moscow Department of Health for 2017-2019. It was analyzed the archival material for three calendar years. It was used a continuous retrospective research method with an assessment of the general aggregate of the death incidence from thermal injury and hypothermia in Moscow in 2017-2019 by means of nonparametric statistical methods. Deaths from thermal injury and hypothermia are the most often accidents. The incidence of this type of death is characterized by ups and downs depending on the season. May, January and December are the most dangerous for burns. A similar pattern, with the exception of May, was noted for hypothermia. It was found that men aged 50-70 and women of 70-90 years old die most often. It was determined that most social characteristics (education, being married, etc.) alter the average age when deaths occur. The results obtained provide statistical justification for further more thorough study of thermal injury and hypothermia.Представлены результаты сравнительного эпидемиологического исследования термической травмы и гипотермии со смертельным исходом по результатам сводных отчетов Бюро судебно-медицинской экспертизы Департамента здравоохранения Москвы за 2017—2019 гг. Провели анализ архивного материала за три календарных года. Использовали сплошной ретроспективный метод исследования с оценкой генеральной совокупности встречаемости смерти от термической травмы и гипотермии на территории Москвы в 2017—2019 гг. и непараметрические методы статистики. Смерть от термической травмы и гипотермии — это чаще всего несчастные случаи. Встречаемость такого вида смерти характеризуется подъемами и спадами в зависимости от времени года. Наиболее опасны для возникновения ожогов май, январь и декабрь. Сходная закономерность, за исключением мая, отмечена и для гипотермии. Установили, что наиболее часто гибнут мужчины в возрасте 50—70 лет и женщины 70—90 лет. Определили, что большинство социальных характеристик (образование, нахождение в браке и т. д.) изменяет средний возраст наступления таких смертей. Полученные результаты дают статистическое обоснование необходимости дальнейшего более тщательного изучения термической травмы и гипотермии.

The aim of study was to develop a comprehensive assessment of the central and peripheral parts of the nervous system with a determination of degree of severity of alterative changes in comparison with the condition of myocardial contractile apparatus. Own observations on modern methods of morphological study of the cardiac conduction system in the sudden death of young people are presented. Particular attention is paid to the technique of isolating and coloring the nervous structures of sympathetic and parasympathetic parts of the autonomic nervous system, including the medulla oblongata, sinus-atrial and atrial-ventricular nodes, atrioventricular bundle (the His bundle), Purkinje fibers. The features of morphological changes in the nerve structures of the heart, due to various etiological factors are highlighted.Цель исследования — разработка комплексной оценки центральных и периферических отделов нервной системы с определением степени выраженности альтеративных изменений в сопоставлении с состоянием сократительного аппарата миокарда. Приведены собственные наблюдения о современных методах морфологического изучения проводящей системы сердца при внезапной смерти лиц молодого возраста. Особое внимание уделено технике выделения и окрашивания нервных структур симпатической и парасимпатической частей вегетативной нервной системы, в том числе продолговатого мозга, синусно-предсердного и предсердно-желудочкового узлов, предсердно-желудочкового пучка (пучок Гиса), волокон Пуркинье. Выделены особенности морфологических изменений в нервных структурах сердца, обусловленные различными этиологическими факторами.

SHIP2 (SH2-domain containing inositol 5-phosphatase type 2) is a canonical 5-phosphatase, which, through its catalytic action on PtdInsP3, regulates the PI3K/Akt pathway and metabolic action of insulin. It is a drug target, but there is limited evidence of inhibition of SHIP2 by small molecules in the literature. With the goal to investigate inhibition, we report a homologous family of synthetic, chromophoric benzene phosphate substrates of SHIP2 that display the headgroup regiochemical hallmarks of the physiological inositide substrates that have proved difficult to crystallize with 5-phosphatases. Using time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT), we explore the intrinsic fluorescence of these novel substrates and show how fluorescence can be used to assay enzyme activity. The TD-DFT approach promises to inform rational design of enhanced active site probes for the broadest family of inositide-binding/metabolizing proteins, while maintaining the regiochemical properties ofbona fideinositide substrates.

Rationale: Multiple biological effects of short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and the possibility to modify their composition by probiotics and prebiotics is in the focus of attention of researchers and clinicians. However, big studies with assessment of the whole spectrum of SCFA produced by gut microbiome and calculated indexes of their relative content are lacking. Aim: To determine concentrations and ratios of fecal SCFA (functional activity of the gut microbiome) depending on the age of patients without gastrointestinal disorders. Materials and methods : SCFA fecal concentrations were measured by gas liquid chromatography in 6836 patients aged from 1 month to 85 years without any functional or chronic gastrointestinal pathology, infectious diseases and/or obesity. The time periods with homogenous values of the parameters were determined by identification of constant trends of their means (medians) with 1-month accuracy in children below 5 years of age and with 1-year accuracy in the patients above 1 years of age. The results obtained for the chosen time intervals were compared with Mann-Whitney's test at 95% significance level (p < 0.05). Results: We performed descriptive statistics for absolute and relative content of SCFA and their structural indexes. It was shown that the parameters characterizing functional activity of gut microbiome have different critical stages in their age-related changes. For each parameter, 2 or 3 stages of changes were identified that occurred at early age, mainly before the age of two. The final SCFA structure was stable by 2 years and 5 months of age. Total SCFA levels reached those typical for adults by the age of 12. The structural index was most sensitive to integrated changes of the microbiome structure. Conclusion: Age-related characteristics of gut microbiome should be taken into account when performing clinical studies on effectiveness of therapeutic interventions and assessing the parameters in a given patient.

We give an alternative proof of Mironov’s results on commuting self-adjoint operators of rank 2. Mironov’s proof is based on Krichever’s complicated theory of the existence of a high-rank Baker–Akhiezer function. In contrast to Mironov’s proof, our proof is simpler but the results are slightly weaker. Note that the method of this article can be extended to matrix operators. Using the method, we can construct the first explicit examples of matrix commuting differential operators of rank 2 and arbitrary genus.

Two new cobalt bis-iminopyridines, [Co(DDP)(H2O)2](NO3)2 (1, DDP = cis-[1,3-bis(2-pyridinylenamine)] cyclohexane) and [Co(cis-DDOP)(NO3)](NO3) (2, cis-DDOP = cis-3,5-bis[(2-Pyridinyleneamin]-trans-hydroxycyclohexane) electrocatalyse the 4-proton, 4-electron reduction of acetonitrile to ethylamine. For 1, this reduction occurs in preference to reduction of protons to H2. A coordinating hydroxyl proton relay in 2 reduces the yield of ethylamine and biases the catalytic system back towards H2.

Biochemical indicators of saliva were studied in 47 patients of the intensive care unit and intensive care unit of a neurosurgical hospital with varying degrees of severity of the disease. The method of gas-liquid chromatography of the acidified substrate of the saliva filtrate determined the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and their reference values for patients without respiratory tract diseases. The threshold values of the concentrations of SCFA and the values of their calculated indices were determined by ROC analysis with the construction of the ROC curve, calculation of the area under the curve (AUC) and the cutoff threshold CutOff. The method of determining reference values of HFA in saliva developed as a result of the study makes it possible to assess the risks of developing an unfavorable course of the disease, optimize treatment tactics and improve the prognosis of the disease.

Surgery remains the primary step in the localized forms of breast cancer. To date a growing number of women in the world could be provided with organ-preserving operations (OPO). At large tumor size in relation to the volume of the breast mastectomy is needed. Neoadjuvant therapy can allow a surgeon to perform OPO. However considering the original size of tumor and the knowledge that the greatest number of local recurrences of breast cancer occur within the bed of primary tumor it is logical to settle additional radiation dose to the bed in addition to the standard external beam radiotherapy. In patients with cN- prior neoadjuvant therapy it is possible to perform sentinel lymph node biopsy in order to improve functional results.

This review outlines the recent theoretical and computational developments for the prediction of motional electron paramagnetic resonance spectra with introduced spin probes from molecular dynamics simulations. The methodology is illustrated with applications to thermotropic and lyotropic liquid crystals at different phases and aggregate states.

Reaction of (η5-(S)-2-(4-methylethyl)oxazolinylcyclopentadienyl)(η4-tetraphenylcyclobutadiene)cobalt with [IrCp*Cl2]2 in acetonitrile with KPF6 and KOt-Bu resulted in S,Sp,SIr and S,Rp,RIr configured acetonitrile and Cp* coordinated cationic iridacycles (d.r. up to 4.8 : 1 – kinetic control), the planar chiral configuration dictating the configuration of the pseudo-tetrahedral iridium-based stereogenic centre. Addition of water to the cycloiridation reaction resulted in an increase in yield (up to 78%) at the cost of diastereoselectivity. Use of the corresponding substrate containing a t-Bu rather than an i-Pr substituted oxazoline gave exclusively the S,Sp,SIr diastereoisomer, and under the same conditions (S)-2-ferrocenyl- 4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)oxazoline cycloiridated to give only the S,Sp,SIr diastereoisomer. Substitution reactions of the title complexes at iridium proceeded with retention of configuration, a computational study revealing the proposed coordinatively unsaturated intermediate of a dissociative mechanism to display a relatively weak Co-Ir interaction, and a pronounced steric effect as the basis of stereocontrol.

Of the many biophysical techniques now being brought to bear on studies of membranes, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) of nitroxide spin probes was the first to provide information about both mobility and ordering in lipid membranes. Here, we report the first prediction of variable temperature EPR spectra of model lipid bilayers in the presence and absence of cholesterol from the results of large scale fully atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Three types of structurally different spin probes were employed in order to study different parts of the bilayer. Our results demonstrate very good agreement with experiment and thus confirm the accuracy of the latest lipid force fields. The atomic resolution of the simulations allows the interpretation of the molecular motions and interactions in terms of their impact on the sensitive EPR line shapes. Direct versus indirect effects of cholesterol on the dynamics of spin probes are analysed. Given the complexity of structural organisation in lipid bilayers, the advantage of using a combined MD‐EPR simulation approach is two‐fold. Firstly, prediction of EPR line shapes directly from MD trajectories of actual phospholipid structures allows unambiguous interpretation of EPR spectra of biological membranes in terms of complex motions. Secondly, such an approach provides an ultimate test bed for the up‐to‐date MD simulation models employed in the studies of biological membranes, an area that currently attracts great attention.

We report the first application of fully atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to the prediction of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra of spin labelled DNA. Models for two structurally different DNA spin probes with either the rigid or flexible position of the nitroxide group in the base pair, employed in experimental studies previously, have been developed. By the application of the combined MD-EPR simulation methodology we aimed at the following. Firstly, to provide a test bed against a sensitive spectroscopic technique for the recently developed improved version of the parmbsc1 force field for MD modelling of DNA. The predicted EPR spectra show good agreement with the experimental ones available from the literature, thus confirming the accuracy of the currently employed DNA force fields. Secondly, to provide a quantitative interpretation of the motional contributions into the dynamics of spin probes in both duplex and single-strand DNA fragments and to analyse their perturbing effects on the local DNA structure. Finally, a combination of MD and EPR allowed us to test the validity of the application of the Model-Free (M-F) approach coupled with the partial averaging of magnetic tensors to the simulation of EPR spectra of DNA systems by comparing the resultant EPR spectra with those simulated directly from MD trajectories. The advantage of the M-F based EPR simulation approach over the direct propagation techniques is that it requires motional and order parameters that can be calculated from shorter MD trajectories. The reported MD-EPR methodology is transferable to the prediction and interpretation of EPR spectra of higher order DNA structures with novel types of spin labels.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are small cationic proteins that are able to destabilize a lipid bilayer structure through one or more modes of action. In this study, we investigate the processes of peptide aggregation and pore formation in lipid bilayers and vesicles by the highly cationic AMP, Chrysophsin-3 (chrys-3), using coarse-grained molecular dynamics (CG-MD) simulations and potential of mean force calculations. We study long 50 μs simulations of chrys-3 at different concentrations, both at the surface of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and palmitoyloleoylphosphatidylcholine (POPC) bilayers, and also interacting within the interior of the lipid membrane. We show that aggregation of peptides at the surface, leads to pronounced deformation of lipid bilayers, leading in turn to lipid protrusions for peptide : ligand ratios > 1 : 12. In addition, aggregation of chrys-3 peptides within the centre of a lipid bilayer leads to spontaneous formation of pores and aggregates. Both mechanisms of interaction are consistent with previously reported experimental data for chrys-3. Similar results are observed also in POPC vesicles and mixed lipid bilayers composed of the zwitterionic lipid palmitoyloleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (POPE) and the negatively charged lipid palmitoyloleoylphosphatidylglycerol (POPG). The latter are employed as models of the bacterial membrane of Escherichia coli.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are small cationic proteins that are able to destabilize a lipid bilayer structure through one or more modes of action. In this study, we investigate the processes of peptide aggregation and pore formation in lipid bilayers and vesicles by the highly cationic AMP, Chrysophsin-3 (chrys-3), using coarse-grained molecular dynamics (CG-MD) simulations and potential of mean force calculations. We study long 50 μs simulations of chrys-3 at different concentrations, both at the surface of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and palmitoyloleoylphosphatidylcholine (POPC) bilayers, and also interacting within the interior of the lipid membrane. We show that aggregation of peptides at the surface, leads to pronounced deformation of lipid bilayers, leading in turn to lipid protrusions for peptide : ligand ratios1 : 12. In addition, aggregation of chrys-3 peptides within the centre of a lipid bilayer leads to spontaneous formation of pores and aggregates. Both mechanisms of interaction are consistent with previously reported experimental data for chrys-3. Similar results are observed also in POPC vesicles and mixed lipid bilayers composed of the zwitterionic lipid palmitoyloleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (POPE) and the negatively charged lipid palmitoyloleoylphosphatidylglycerol (POPG). The latter are employed as models of the bacterial membrane of Escherichia coli.

Carbonate neoplasms are the characteristic feature of the black soil profile. The study of morphological and micromorphological characteristics and chemical composition gives an idea of the black soil genesis and serves as the diagnostic feature of classification units of them. The study of migration carbonate in the chernozem are of great scientific and practical interest (Afanasyeva, 1996). Nowadays the issues of migration carbonates, as well as the extent of the manifestation of this process in the soil profile need further researching, which is important as carbonates has one of the main role in basic soil processes, in particular, they affect the concentration and activity of calcium ions in the soil solution, the composition of the soil absorbing complex and pH in the soil solution. Carbonate neoplasms contribute to the formation of strong coagulation structures, which increases soil fertility and harvest agricultural crops, provides resistance against the wind, prevents reduction of the upper fertile soil layer, increases mobility of some chemical elements and improves such physical characteristics of soil as density, permeability and porosity (Goncharova, 1983). The aim of our work was to study the content of calcium carbonate in the soil profile of the test section 201–L under of the acacia plantations crops of forest ecosystems and to determine of their distribution in the soil genetic horizons. According to the aim of our work of we has the following tasks: to give a general characterization of carbonates of calcium in Chernozem usual, to perform sampling of the genetic horizons of the soil profile of test section 201–L, to determine the content of carbonates by conventional gravimetric methods; to study the features of the content of carbonates in soil profiles of test section 201–L; to conduct statistical processing of the obtained data; to formulate conclusions of the performed research. Soil samples were selected according to the standard technique in genetic horizons of the soil profile on three times (Fedorets, 2009). Determination of the percentage content of carbonates in the soil was performed by the gravimetric method, which is based on weight loss of soil due to discharge of CO2 during the destruction of carbonates with acid. It should be noted that the method can be applied in the case of the carbonates content up to 70 % (Travleev et al., 2009). The average coefficient of variation of carbonates of calcium content in genetic horizons of the soil profile is 77.5 %. This is quite a high rate, so as General it is considered that if the value of the coefficient of variation is less than 33 %, the result is considered homogeneous if more than 33 %, it is inhomogeneous. Based on this observation, we conclude that carbonate calcium has inhomogeneous redistribution of genetic horizons of test section 201–L. Regarding the reliability of the obtained data, we can see that the standard error calculations for each of the horizons does not exceed 0,34, which in turn confirms the accuracy of the our data. According to our calculations the lowest content of calcium carbonate is 1.47 % in the first horizon, and biggest – 16,07 % in the genetic horizon Ph (70–90 cm). These results are extending the current understanding of the processes of formation and distribution of calcium carbonate in the genetic horizons of the soil profile of the Chernozem ordinary. The data of percentage of calcium carbonate may be used in the solution of the question of the genesis, evolution and classification of soils, the obtained data can serve as the basis of the research the conditions of pedogenesis under the influence of natural climatic fluctuations and anthropogenic factors.

The detection of grade II-III central obesity on a corpse in conjunction with the identification of two additional criteria (such as arterial hypertension and impaired glucose tolerance) provides, if combined with the autopsy data (including the visual reduction of muscular mass, the increased total amount of the adipose tissue, gynecomastia in men together with hypertrophied abdominal adipose tissue accumulation, decreased face and body pilosis), a basis for diagnostics of metabolic syndrome (MS). The objective parameters for this purpose are waist circumference measurements, corpse weight and height, the degree of visceral obesity, narrowing of the renal arteries as a result of their compression by the surrounding adipose tissue, and accumulation of epicardial fat confirmed by the results of the biochemical analysis. The signs of plasmorrhagia combined with fibrinoid degeneration of the vascular walls in the microcirculatory bed make it possible to suspect, with a high degree of probability, the development of hypertensive crisis that may result in a sudden death of the patients presenting with metabolic syndrome.Определение на трупе центрального ожирения II-III степени и двух дополнительных критериев: артериальная гипертензия, нарушение толерантности к глюкозе, данные вскрытия трупа (визуальное уменьшение мышечной массы; увеличение количества общей жировой ткани; гинекомастия у мужчин в сочетании с гипертрофией жировой ткани в области живота; уменьшение количества волос на лице и теле) может служить основанием для диагностирования метаболического синдрома. Объективизирующими показателями являются: измерение окружности талии, взвешивание трупа, измерение его роста, выраженность висцерального ожирения, сужение почечных артерий за счет сдавления последних их жиром, увеличение эпикардиального жира, подтвержденные биохимическими данными. Признаки плазматического пропитывания с фибриноидными изменениями стенок сосудов микроциркуляторного русла позволяют со значительной долей вероятности высказаться о гипертоническом кризе, способствующем наступлению смерти при метаболическом синдроме.