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O objetivo deste artigo é investigar a frequência do aleitamento materno exclusivo (AME) de prematuros ao longo dos 6 primeiros meses de vida, bem como os alimentos mais frequentemente introduzidos às crianças nesse período. Trata-se de estudo de coorte com recém-nascidos prematuros nascidos em uma maternidade de alto risco de Maceió, Alagoas, acompanhados por meio de ligações telefônicas realizadas a cada 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 e 180 dias após o anscimento para avaliação da duração do aleitamento materno, do período em que ocorreu a introdução de outros alimentos e quais alimentos foram introduzidos de forma precoce. A coorte incluiu um total de 132 prematuros. Foi observada uma redução de 67,77% da frequência de AME, com uma prevalência ao final do estudo de 32,23%. Quando detalhados por período de acompanhamento, as prevalência de AME foram de: 91,66% aos 30 dias, 81,81% aos 60 dias, 67,68% aos 90 dias, 58,67% aos 120 dias, 46,28% aos 150 dias e de 32,23% aos 180 dias. Nos prematuros em aleitamento materno misto (AMM), as fórmulas infantis foram os primeiros alimentos introduzidos de forma precoce, seguido do leite de vaca e farináceos.

Evaluating the association between serum uric acid levels and biochemical parameters linked to preeclampsia (PE) severity and to adverse perinatal outcomes.Cross-sectional study. Information about gestational and biochemical parameters were collected before delivery, whereas perinatal outcomes were observed after it. Pregnant women were divided into hyperuricemia-HU (uric acid ≥ 6 mg/dL) or normouricemia (uric acid, 2.6-5.9 mg/dL) groups. Poisson regression models (prevalence ratio-PR; 95% confidence interval-95% CI), multinomial logistic regression (odds ratio-OR; 95% CI), and Pearson's correlation (correlation coefficient-r) were applied by taking into consideration p 0.05 as significance level.The total sample comprised 267 pregnant women with PE. HU was observed in 25.8% of patients; it was associated with black pregnant women (p = 0.014) and with primiparity (p = 0.007). Uric acid levels were higher in early PE cases than in late PE cases (p = 0.013); however, there was no significant difference between mild and severe PE cases (p = 0.121). Uric acid recorded a positive correlation to urea (p 0.001), creatinine (p = 0.002), glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (p 0.001), glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (p = 0.005), ferritin (p = 0.002) and globulin (p = 0.002); as well as negative correlation to platelets (p = 0.035), lactic dehydrogenase (p = 0.039) and albumin (p 0.001). HU was a factor associated with cesarean delivery (p = 0.030), prematurity (p = 0.001), low birth weight (p 0.001) and small for gestational age (p = 0.020).High serum uric acid levels were associated with early-onset PE. Maternal features were correlated to biochemical parameters linked to PE severity and to adverse perinatal outcomes.

Introdução: O aleitamento materno é uma estratégia em que o leite humano se destaca como componente principal na alimentação do lactente, considerado um bioflúido complexo e heterogêneo, com composição superior e inigualável a qualquer outra fonte alimentar láctea. Entretanto, parece que características intrínsecas à progenitora podem alterar a composição nutricional e de compostos bioativos do leite humano. Objetivo: Identificar a composição do leite humano e os possíveis fatores maternos que podem influenciar seus constituintes. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa, com critérios de busca e elegibilidade pré-estabelecidos. Foram realizadas duas buscas distintas, a primeira acerca dos possíveis fatores de risco maternos que poderiam influenciar na composição do leite humano, e a segunda busca, que correspondia a composição do leite humano, ambas utilizando combinação de termos de Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). Depois de finalizada todas as etapas de seleção, os dados foram extraídos dos artigos e tabulados em planilha eletrônica. Resultados e Discussão: Foi possível identificar que o leite materno é composto por calorias, carboidratos simples e compostos, prebióticos, proteínas, ureia, ácido úrico, creatina, carnitina, ácidos nucleicos, nucleotídeos, aminoácidos e peptídeos, além de lipídeos, colesterol e vitaminas lipossolúveis. A respeito desta composição, os fatores maternos identificados como cruciais na alteração nutricional deste leite humano foram idade cronológica materna, o tipo de parto, o sistema imunológico deprimido da progenitora, tratamento medicamentoso, componentes genéticos e nutrição materna. Considerações Finais: Desta forma, pode-se concluir que a saúde da mulher parece exercer influência sobre a composição e compostos bioativos do leite materno, de modo que podem promover, durante esta janela crítica de desenvolvimento, uma programação endógena que poderá se perpetuar durante toda a vida do lactente.

Introdução: O período gestacional descreve um estado fisiológico natural, envolvendo modificações orgânicas, físicas e psicossociais, que devem ser monitoradas por uma equipe multiprofissional, com intuito de auxiliar de forma integral e singular na promoção à saúde, assim como, na prevenção de eventos perinatais adversos. Este cuidado pode ser assegurado no pré- natal, proporcionando qualidade de vida para o binômio materno-infantil. Contudo, apesar dos avanços na assistência pré-natal, os índices acerca da mortalidade materna e neonatal em gestações que desenvolvem pré-eclâmpsia (PE) são preocupantes. Esta é uma patologia sistêmica, multifatorial, heterogênea e que, independentemente dos esforços, sua etiopatogenia permanece sem elucidação, em virtude de sua complexidade. Objetivo: Reunir evidências atuais sobre a PE, desde sua origem, definição, fatores de risco, fisiopatologia, gravidade da doença e desfechos maternos e perinatais adversos. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão com critérios de busca e elegibilidade pré-estabelecidos. Os termos MeSH utilizados foram: (“Preeclampsia” OR “Pregnancy Toxemias” OR “Edema-Proteinuria-Hypertension Gestosis” OR “Hypertension Gestosis”) AND (“Prognosis” OR “prediction” OR “definition” OR “origin” OR “risk factors” OR “pathophysiology” OR “severity” OR “adverse maternal outcomes” OR “adverse perinatal outcomes”). Depois de finalizada todas as etapas de seleção, os dados foram extraídos dos artigos e tabulados em planilha eletrônica. Resultados e Discussão: Após a ampla investigação na literatura científica, foi possível identificar que houve modificações nos parâmetros diagnósticos da PE, sendo a proteinúria um achado facultativo atualmente, isto, quando na presença de outros fatores. Além disto, dentre os fatores de risco apontados, constatou-se a idade cronológia, paridade, etnia, tabagismo, genética, condições sociodemográficas e estado nutricional associados ao desenvolvimento da PE. Também, que seus aspectos fisiopatológicos estão intimamente associados ao aumento do estresse oxidativo e citocinas pró-inflamatórias, com repercussoes nocivas ao binômio materno-fetal. Considerações Finais: Diante do supraelencado, conclui-se que o levantamentos científicos é de suma importância para colaborar com o conhecimento universal, visando contribuir com a tomada de decisões de profissionais de saúde, assim como, com a integração de cuidados à saúde da mulher e da criança.

Objetivo: Investigar a prevalência de sarcopenia de acordo com as categorias de índice de massa corporal (IMC) em mulheres com lúpus eritematoso sistêmico assistidas por um hospital de ensino de Maceió, Alagoas. Métodos: Análise transversal com pacientes selecionadas por conveniência, que incluiu dados socioeconômicos, demográficos, clínicos, antropométricos e de sarcopenia. A avaliação antropométrica incluiu IMC, circunferências corpóreas, pregas cutâneas, análise de bioimpedância e percentual de gordura. A sarcopenia foi avaliada segundo os critérios diagnósticos propostos pelo European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People-EWGSOP (2019), que inclui um protocolo de triagem SARC-F, a força muscular, a quantidade muscular e o desempenho físico. Foi aplicado o teste de qui-quadrado de Pearson, adotando nível de significância de p < 0,05 e intervalo de confiança de 95%. Resultados: 62,8% das mulheres apresentaram excesso de peso, seguidas de 32,5% com eutrofia e 4,6% com desnutrição. Não foi detectada sarcopenia em nossa amostra. Contudo a triagem SARC-F apontou 17,5% possíveis casos de sarcopenia, enquanto 21,4% das pacientes tiveram provável sarcopenia de acordo com o critério de baixa força de preensão manual (FPM). Ainda, uma parcela da amostra apresentou redução de desempenho físico, sem diferenças estatísticas de acordo com as categorias de IMC. Ainda, 66,6% das mulheres com provável sarcopenia e todas aquelas triadas pelo SARC-F para sarcopenia, apresentaram excesso de peso. Conclusão: O desempenho, a força muscular diminuída e o elevado excesso de peso são alertas para a diminuição de funcionalidade muscular, ficando claro a necessidade do cuidado precoce desta população, bem como adaptações do instrumento avaliativo de sarcopenia para o LES.

Objective:The aim of the current study is to assess the validity and reproducibility of a FFQ focused on pregnant women living in Northeastern Brazil.Design:Three 24-hour-dietary recalls (24 hR) and two FFQ were applied at 15-d intervals between research stages in order to confirm the validity and reproducibility of the FFQ. Validity assessment was based on Pearson’s correlation coefficient (PCC) or Spearman’s correlation coefficient (SCC) between FFQ and the mean of three 24 hR (the 24 hR was used as reference standard), whereas reproducibility assessment was based on the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) among FFQ, and P < 0·05 was set as significance level.Setting:Public health network of a capital city in Northeastern Brazil.Participants:Overall, 100 pregnant women were included in the study.Results:The PCC or SCC adopted in the validity analysis recorded the recommended values (from 0·4 and 0·7) for energy (0·44; P < 0·001), carbohydrate (0·40; P < 0·001), vitamins B2 (0·40; P < 0·001), B5 (0·40; P < 0·001), E (0·47; P < 0·001), B12 (0·48; P < 0·001), phosphorus (0·92; P < 0·001), Mg (0·81; P < 0·001), Se (0·70; P < 0·001), cholesterol (0·64; P < 0·001), saturated (0·76; P < 0·001), polyunsaturated (0·73; P < 0·001) and monounsaturated fats (0·87; P < 0·001) and fibres (0·77; P < 0·001). Mg (0·72; P < 0·001), Fe (0·65; P < 0·001), lipid (0·56; P < 0·001) and energy (0·55; P < 0·001) presented ICC within the recommended reproducibility values.Conclusions:The FFQ developed in the current study is a useful tool to assess the usual food intake of pregnant women.

Introdução: Estudos têm demonstrado que gestantes com pré-eclâmpsia (PE) apresentam maiores alterações no perfil lipídico quando comparadas a gestantes sem a doença, o que pode levar a desfechos perinatais adversos. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a prevalência de dislipidemia em gestantes com PE e sua relação com desfechos perinatais adversos. Método: Estudo transversal realizado em uma capital do Nordeste do Brasil, em 2017, com gestantes com PE e seus recém-nascidos por meio da aplicação de formulário padronizado para coleta de dados socioeconômicos, obstétricos, estilo de vida, antropométricos e perinatais e avaliação do perfil lipídico [colesterol total (TC), lipoproteína de alta densidade (HDL), lipoproteína de baixa densidade (LDL) e triglicerídeos (TG)]. A regressão de Poisson foi utilizada para avaliar a associação da dislipidemia (variável de desfecho) com a presença de desfechos perinatais (variáveis independentes), quando a magnitude das associações foi expressa em razão de prevalência (RP) e seus respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%), com p

Background and aims To analyze the prevalence of hyperferritinemia in pregnant women with preeclampsia and its association with adverse perinatal outcomes. Methods A cross-sectional study carried out in 2017 with a convenience sample of pregnant women with preeclampsia attended at a high-risk maternity hospital in Alagoas, Brazil. Socioeconomic, lifestyle, clinical and biochemical data were collected through a structured questionnaire. Type of delivery, gestational age, weight and length at birth, and Apgar score were analyzed as outcome variables. Women were dichotomized according to the serum ferritin level (150 ng/mL). Poisson regression models were used to analyze the effect of hyperferritinemia on the outcome variables. Estimates were presented as prevalence ratio with 95% confidence intervals (PR [95% CI]). Results Based on the Fisher’s exact statistical teste and in the proportions of the neonatal outcome (birth weight), with a statistical significance of 5%, the statistical power of the sample studied was 83%. Two hundred six pregnant women with preeclampsia were recruited, which 8.74% presented hyperferritinemia. Except for ferritin level, there were no differences in C-reactive protein (CRP), hemoglobin, Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase (GOT) and Pyruvic Glutamic Transaminase (PGT) levels between women with or without hyperferritinemia. After adjusting for potential confounders, hyperferritinemia was associated with low birth weight (2.19 [2.13–3.89 95%CI]), low birth length (7.76 [2.52–23.8 95% CI]) and being born small for gestational age (3.14 [1.36–7.28 95% CI]). Conclusion In the presence of hyperferritinemia, preeclampsia patients were associated with a higher rate of unfavorable neonatal outcomes.

Objective. To compare redox imbalance and inflammation biomarkers in umbilical cords from pregnancies with and without preeclampsia (PE) and to analyse their relationships with perinatal outcomes. Methods. A controlled cross-sectional study was conducted in Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil, that involved pregnant women with PE and a group of women without the disease, through the application of a standardized questionnaire. After delivery, umbilical cord samples were collected to measure antioxidant defense, products from oxidative damage, and inflammation biomarkers such as myeloperoxidase (MPO), interleukin- (IL-) 6, IL-8, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Statistical analyses were performed using Stata version 13.0 software and IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 20.0, adopting a 95% confidence level ( α = 0.05 ), with the chi-square test, the Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney test, and the multinomial and Poisson regression tests. Results. One hundred PE pregnant women and 50 women without the disease were studied. The umbilical cords from PE pregnancies showed higher levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) ( p ≤ 0.001 ), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) ( p = 0.016 ), and malondialdehyde (MDA) ( p = 0.028 ) and lower levels of IL-6 ( p = 0.030 ) and TNF-α ( p ≤ 0.001 ) than the other group, with some associations among these biomarkers with perinatal outcomes. Conclusion. The higher levels of GSH and GPx, in addition to the lower levels of IL-6 and TNF-α, found in the PE umbilical cord, may result from adaptive mechanisms to maintain the oxidative and inflammatory balance; however, despite these changes, the damage to the cell membranes was not minimized, as the MDA level was higher in women with PE than in women without the disease. This implies that a redox imbalance is present, confirming that other physiological and adaptive mechanisms are being activated to preserve foetal health. Therefore, the present work unveils an important role of the umbilical cord in controlling redox imbalance and inflammation in PE pregnancies. Our results reinforce the necessity for continuous research on GSH as a protective compound for the perinatal outcome, especially in PE women.

Objectives: to compare the adverse perinatal outcomes in pregnancies of adolescents and elderly women of public health network. Methods: a cross-sectional study carried out with pregnant women at the extremes of reproductive age according to the classification of the Brazilian Ministry of Health (adolescents those aged ≤19 years and those who were older than 35 years) and their newborns. Socioeconomic data (income, schooling, occupation and marital status), as well as clinical (diseases), anthropometric (maternal BMI) and perinatal (gender, weight, length, Apgar and gestational age) data were collected, and Poisson regression in hierarchical model was performed, with the results in Ratio of Prevalence (PR) and its respective Confidence Interval at 95% (95% CI). Results: when comparing adolescent and elderly women, 38.7% vs 54.6% (PR=0.71, CI=0.54-0.94, p=0.002) were observed, respectively, cesarean deliveries; 37.8% vs 25.2% (PR=0.83, CI=0.58-1.19, p=0.332) preterm births; 16.6% vs 20.5% (RP=1.07, CI=0.78-1.46, p=0.666) births of small infants for gestational age (SGA); 18.0% vs 15.3% (RP=1.01, CI=0.69-1.47, p=0.948) births of large-for-gestational-age newborns (LGA); 32.2% vs 34.7% (RP=1.08, CI=0.82-1.42, p=0.578), low birth weight infants and 28.5% vs 42.9% (RP=1.18, CI=0.91-1.54, p=0.201) with high birth length. Conclusions: When compared with adolescent women, pregnant women of advanced age presented a higher frequency of cesarean deliveries. Resumo Objetivos: comparar os resultados perinatais adversos em gestações de adolescentes e mulheres em idade avançada de rede pública de saúde. Métodos: estudo transversal realizado com gestantes nos extremos de idade reprodutiva segundo classificação do Ministério da Saúde do Brasil (adolescentes aquelas com idade ≤19 anos e em idade avançada aquelas com idade ≥35 anos) e seus recém-nascidos. Foram coletados dados socioeconômicos (renda, escolaridade, ocupação e situação conjugal), clínicos (presença de doenças), antropométricos (IMC materno) e perinatais (sexo, peso, comprimento, Apgar e idade gestacional), e realizada regressão de Poisson em modelo hie-rarquizado, com resultados em Razão de Prevalência (RP) e respectivo Intervalo de Confiança a 95% (IC95%). Resultados: quando comparadas gestantes adolescentes e aquelas em idade avançada, foram observados, respectivamente: 38,7% vs 54,6% (RP=0,71; IC=0,54-0,94; p=0,002) partos cesarianos; 37,8% vs 25,2% (RP=0,83; IC=0,58-1,19; p=0,332) nascimentos de pré-termos; 16,6% vs 20,5% (RP=1,07; IC=0,78-1,46; p=0,666) nascimentos de recém-nascidos pequenos para idade gestacional; 18,0% vs 15,3% (RP=1,01; IC=0,69-1,47; p=0,948) nascimentos de recém-nascidos grandes para a idade gestacional; 32,2% vs 34,7% (RP=1,08; IC=0,82-1,42; p=0,578)recém-nascidos com baixo peso ao nascer e28,5% vs 42,9% (RP=1,18; IC=0,91-1,54; p=0,201) com comprimento elevado ao nascer. Conclusões: as gestantes em idade avançada quando comparadas com as adolescentes apresentaram maior frequência de partos cesarianos.

Introduction Oxidative stress (OS) is the basis of several diseases. Preeclampsia (PE) is a multisystemic syndrome, considered one of the major causes of maternal and fetal mortality. The placenta is considered the main anatomical pathogenetic substrate for the disease, being the placental OS a likely critical pathway in the pathogenesis of PE. This meta-analysis aimed to verify whether there is OS in the preeclamptic placenta and which markers are altered in this condition. Methods The search was conducted in the following databases: MEDLINE (via PubMed), Lilacs and Scopus. Relevant studies were identified until May 2020. The quality of the studies was evaluated according to the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Results From the 3998 screened records, 43 were finally included in the systematic review, and 23 in the meta-analysis. The biomarkers evaluated were related to cell and macromolecules' damage, such as malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG), lipid peroxides, isoprostane, total oxidant status (TOS), carbonylated proteins and some of the reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), like hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide. It was also related to antioxidant activity, both enzymatic, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase and total antioxidant status, and non-enzymatic, through quantification of reduced glutathione, vitamin C and E, zinc and copper. Conclusion It was observed that there was OS in the preeclamptic placentas, based on results, like lower activity of some of the enzymes of the antioxidant system (SOD and GPx) as well as the increase in oxidative damage markers (MDA and lipid peroxide), corroborating literature data.

Objective To compare redox and inflammatory markers between normal and PE-derived placentas and to evaluate the relationship between placental redox imbalance markers and perinatal outcomes in pregnancies with PE. Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the maternity hospital of a university hospital in Maceio-Alagoas, Brazil, in 2017, including women diagnosed with PE and healthy pregnant women and their conceptuses. After screening, standardized questionnaires containing socioeconomic, clinical, obstetric and anthropometric data were applied. After delivery, placental samples were collected for quantification of biomarkers of redox imbalance (catalase – CAT; malondialdehyde – MDA; hydrogen peroxide – H2O2; superoxide dismutase – SOD; reduced glutathione – GSH; oxidized glutathione – GSSG; and their ratio – GSH/GSSG) and inflammation (myeloperoxidase – MPO; interleukin (IL)-6; IL-8; IL-10; and tumor necrosis factor-alpha – TNF-α). All biomarkers were evaluated via linear regression with adjustments of variables with measures of weight, length, head circumference (HC), chest circumference (CC) and gestational age of newborns at birth, considering p Results A total of 100 pregnant women with PE and 50 healthy pregnant women were studied. Higher placental levels of catalase (p = 0.018), SOD (p = 0.031), the GSH/GSSG ratio (p = 0.019) and IL-6 (p = 0.010) and lower GSSG (p = 0.001) were observed in pregnant women with PE than in the control group. Positive associations between placental GSH levels and body weight, HC, CC and gestational age at birth (p Conclusion PE-derived placentas had high concentrations of some antioxidants (enzymes and thiols), which might be a compensation mechanism against oxidative stress. Placental GSH levels were the only biomarker, among the studied ones, related positively with beneficial perinatal outcomes, suggesting that this endogenous antioxidant plays an important role in maintaining the health of the conceptus and women with PE.

This study analyzed the role of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) in the food and nutritional profile of pregnant women's diet. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in a representative sample of pregnant women attending primary healthcare units in Maceió, capital of the State of Alagoas, Brazil. Food consumption was assessed with the application of two 24-hour food recalls on nonconsecutive days, and the consumption items were grouped according to the NOVA classification. Overall estimates were expressed as absolute dietary consumption (mean calorie intake) and relative consumption (percentage of total energy intake according to food groups and consumption items). Analysis of variance was used to compare mean energy and nutrient intake according to food groups. The association between quintiles of the energy share from UPFs (exposure variable) and (1) consumption items and food groups, (2) percentage of total energy from macronutrients, and (3) micronutrient density was analyzed via adjusted linear regression models. Mean energy intake in pregnant women was 1,966.9Kcal/day, 22% of which from UPFs. A direct relationship was observed between the percentage of energy from UPFs and total energy consumption (β = 228.78Kcal; SE = 21.26). In addition, an increase in the share of UPFs was associated with a statistically significant reduction in the intake of protein, fiber, magnesium, iron, potassium, zinc, selenium, folate, and vitamins D and E, as well as in the consumption of traditional foods such as protein, beans, roots, and tubers. Our data thus indicate that the consumption of UPFs reduces the overall nutritional and food quality of diet in pregnant women.Este trabalho analisou a contribuição dos alimentos ultraprocessados (AUP) no perfil alimentar e nutricional da dieta de gestantes. Trata-se de um estudo transversal conduzido com uma amostra representativa de gestantes usuárias de unidades básicas de saúde de Maceió, Alagoas, Brasil. O consumo alimentar foi avaliado pela aplicação de dois recordatórios de 24 horas em dias não consecutivos e os itens de consumo agrupados segundo a classificação NOVA. As estimativas gerais foram expressas no consumo alimentar absoluto (média de ingestão calórica) e relativo (percentual da ingestão energética total segundo grupos de alimentos e itens de consumo). Análises de variâncias foram utilizadas para comparar as médias do consumo energético e de nutrientes, segundo grupos alimentares. A associação entre os quintis de contribuição energética dos AUP (variável de exposição) e (1) itens de consumo e grupos alimentares, (2) contribuição percentual para o total de energia de macronutrientes e (3) densidade de micronutrientes foi analisada por meio de modelos ajustados de regressão linear. O consumo médio de energia das gestantes foi de 1.966,9Kcal/dia, sendo 22% proveniente dos AUP. Observou-se relação direta entre a contribuição energética dos AUP na dieta e o consumo energético total (β = 228,78Kcal; EP = 21,26). Ainda, o aumento da participação de AUP implicou a redução estatisticamente significativa da ingestão de proteínas, fibras, magnésio, ferro, pótassio, zinco, selênio, folato e vitaminas D e E, assim como o consumo de alimentos tradicionais, como arroz, feijão, raízes e tubérculos. Portanto, nossos dados apontam que o consumo de AUP reduz a qualidade global (nutricional e alimentar) da dieta de gestantes.Este estudio analizó la contribución de los alimentos ultraprocesados (AUP) al perfil alimentario y nutricional de la dieta de gestantes. Se trata de un estudio transversal, realizado con una muestra representativa de gestantes usuarias de unidades básicas de salud de Maceió, Alagoas, Brasil. El consumo alimentario se evaluó mediante la aplicación de dos recordatorios de 24 horas en días no consecutivos y los ítems de consumo agrupados según la clasificación NOVA. Las estimaciones generales fueron expresadas en el consumo alimentario absoluto (media de ingestión calórica) y relativo (porcentaje de la ingestión energética total según grupos de alimentos e ítems de consumo). Se utilizaron análisis de variancias para comparar las medias del consumo energético y de nutrientes, según grupos alimentarios. La asociación entre los quintiles de contribución energética de los AUP (variable de exposición) y (1) ítems de consumo y grupos alimentarios, (2) porcentaje de contribución para el total de energía de macronutrientes y (3) se analizó la densidad de micronutrientes mediante modelos ajustados de regresión lineal. El consumo medio de energía de las gestantes fue 1.966,9Kcal/día, siendo un 22% proveniente de los AUP. Se observó una relación directa entre la contribución energética de los AUP en la dieta y el consumo energético total (β = 228,78Kcal; EP = 21,26). Asimismo, el aumento de la participación de AUP implicó la reducción estadísticamente significativa de la ingestión de proteínas, fibras, magnesium, hierro, potasio, zinc, selenio, folato y vitaminas D y E, así como en el consumo de alimentos tradicionales como: arroz, frijoles, raíces y tubérculos. Por tanto, nuestros datos apuntan que el consumo de AUP reduce la calidad global (nutricional y alimentaria) de la dieta de gestantes.

Objectives: to analyze the factors associated with the birth of small for gestational age (SGA)infants, in a Northeastern Brazilian capital. Methods: a cross-sectional study was carried out with 331 pregnant women and their newborns attending the public health network in the city of Maceió, in 2014. Maternal antenatal data were collected (socioeconomic, lifestyle, clinical and nutritional) as well as data of the newborns (gestational age, mode of delivery, sex, birth weight and length), after delivery. Birth weight was classified according to the INTERGROWTH-21st curves, being considered SGA those below the 10th percentile according to gestational age and gender. The results were analyzed by Poisson regression using a hierarchical model and were expressed as prevalence ratios (PR) and their respective 95% confidence intervals (CI95%). Results: it was verified that 5.1% of the newborns were SGA. Regarding the associated factors, after adjustment of the hierarchical model, the variable working outside the home was associated with the endpoint studied [PR = 0.14; (CI95% = 0.02-0.75); p=0.022]. Conclusions: it was verified a low frequency of SGA infants in the evaluated population. The fact that the mother works outside the home proved to be a protective factor for this condition. Resumo Objetivos: analisar os fatores associados ao nascimento de recém-nascidos pequenos para a idade gestacional (PIG), em uma capital do Nordeste brasileiro. Métodos: estudo transversal realizado com 331 gestantes e seus recém-nascidos atendidos na rede pública de saúde do município de Maceió, em 2014. Foi realizada a coleta de dados maternos antes do parto (socioeconômicos, de estilo de vida, clínicos e nutricionais) e após o parto os dados dos recém-nascidos (idade gestacional no momento do parto, via de parto, sexo, peso e comprimento ao nascer). O peso ao nascer foi classificado segundo as curvas do INTERGROWTH-21st, sendo considerados PIG aqueles abaixo do percentil 10 de acordo com a idade gestacional e o sexo. Os resultados foram analisados por regressão de Poisson, com emprego de modelo hierarquizado, sendo expressos como razões de prevalência [RP] e seus respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%). Resultados: foi constatado que 5,1% dos recém-nascidos eram PIG. Quanto aos fatores associados, após ajuste do modelo hierarquizado, permaneceu-se associada ao desfecho estudado a variável trabalhar fora do lar [RP=0,14; (IC95%=0,02-0,75); p=0,022]. Conclusões: foi verificada baixa frequência de recém-nascidos PIG na população avaliada. O fato da mãe trabalhar fora do lar mostrou-se como fator protetor para esta condição.

Aims To determine whether oral antioxidant therapies, of various types and doses, are able to prevent or treat women with preeclampsia. Data synthesis The following databases were searched: MEDLINE, CENTRAL, LILACS, and Web of Science. Inclusion criteria were: a) randomized clinical trials; b) oral antioxidant supplementation; c) study in pregnant women; d) control group, treated or not with placebo. Papers were excluded if they evaluated antioxidant nutrient supplementation associated with other non-antioxidant therapies. Data were extracted and the risk of bias of each study was assessed. Heterogeneity was analyzed using the Cochran Q test, and I2 statistics and pre-specified sensitivity analyses were performed. Meta-analyses were conducted on prevention and treatment studies, separately. The primary outcome was the incidence of preeclampsia in prevention trials, and of perinatal death in treatment trials. Twenty-nine studies were included in the analysis, 19 for prevention and 10 for treatment. The antioxidants used in these studies were vitamins C and E, selenium, l -arginine, allicin, lycopene and coenzyme Q10, none of which showed beneficial effects on the prevention of preeclampsia (RR: 0.89, CI 95%: [0.79–1.02], P = 0.09; I2 = 39%, P = 0.04) and other outcomes. The antioxidants used in the treatment studies were vitamins C and E, N-acetylcysteine, l -arginine, and resveratrol. A beneficial effect was found in intrauterine growth restriction. Conclusions Antioxidant therapy had no effects in the prevention of preeclampsia but did show beneficial effects in intrauterine growth restriction, when used in the treatment of this condition.

Introdução: A albuminúria é um importante marcador para o aumento da morbimortalidade em obesos e um parâmetro de rastreio para alterações renais precoces. No entanto, poucos estudos associam o impacto da obesidade na albuminúria. Objetivo: Comparar a albuminúria e fatores de risco para doença renal crônica com a obesidade. Métodos: Estudo transversal com obesos, maiores de 18 anos, sem diagnóstico de doença renal crônica, alocados de acordo com o Índice de Massa Corporal, nos grupos A (30-39,99 kg/m² e 40-49 kg/m²) e B (≥50 kg/m² e ≥60kg/m²). A avaliação renal ocorreu através da aferição de albuminúria, ureia e creatinina. Também foram avaliados perfil lipídico, inflamatório e glicêmico. Foram realizados os testes qui-quadrado, t student, Mann-Whitney e correlação de Spearman, com auxílio do software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Os resultados foram analisados considerando nível de significância com p40 anos apresentaram maior prevalência de hipertensão. Os níveis séricos diminuídos de HDL e aumentados de PCR quando relacionados ao Índice de Massa Corporal apresentaram p

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar a insegurança alimentar e os seus fatores associados em gestantes atendidas pela rede pública de saúde de uma capital do nordeste brasileiro. Estudo transversal, realizado com gestantes que residiam em Maceió, e que eram atendidas pela rede pública de saúde municipal, das quais foram coletados dados socioeconômicos, antropométricos e realizadas medidas de hemoglobina e glicemia capilar e aferição da pressão arterial. A insegurança alimentar foi avaliada através da Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar e sua associação com os fatores de risco foi testada por meio de análise de regressão de Poisson, com os resultados expressos pela Razão de Prevalência e Intervalo de Confiança de 95%. Foram analisadas 363 gestantes, com prevalência de insegurança alimentar de 42,7%, sendo 8,0% delas em insegurança grave. Houve associação da insegurança alimentar com: hiperglicemia materna e níveis pressóricos maternos elevados. Foi elevada a prevalência de insegurança alimentar em gestantes atendidas pela rede pública de saúde de uma capital do nordeste brasileiro, estando associada à hiperglicemia materna e a níveis pressóricos elevados. Os resultados precisam ser vistos para que sejam realizadas mais ações que garantam o direito à alimentação adequada a essa população. Abstract The scope of this article is to evaluate food insecurity and its associated factors among pregnant women attended in the public health network of a northeastern Brazilian capital. It is a cross-sectional study with pregnant women living in the capital of the State of Maceió who were attended by the public municipal health network, from which socioeconomic, anthropometric and hemoglobin and blood glucose and blood pressure measurement data were collected. Food insecurity was assessed using the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale and its association with the risk factors was tested using Poisson regression analysis, with the results assessed using the Prevalence Ratio and 95% Confidence Interval. Analysis was conducted on 363 pregnant women with a prevalence of food insecurity of 42.7%, of which 8% had severe insecurity. There was an association of food insecurity with maternal hyperglycemia and high maternal blood pressure levels. The prevalence of food insecurity was high among pregnant women attended in the public health network of a northeastern Brazilian capital, being associated with maternal hyperglycemia and high blood pressure. The results should be studied such that more actions are implemented to ensure the right to adequate food for this population group.

To assess whether there is a risk of kidney disease during the postpartum period of women who had preeclampsia (PE).Observational trials were searched in the PubMed, Science Direct, Clinical trials, Cochrane, LILACS and Web of Science databases. The data extracted from the studies were systematized, and the risk of bias was evaluated for each of them. Meta-analyses were performed with studies that evaluated chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD), pooling the natural logarithms of the adjusted risk measures and the confidence intervals of each study in a random effects model.Of the 4149 studies evaluated, 35 articles were included in the review, of which 3 of the CKD and 6 of the ESRD presented the necessary outcomes to compose the meta-analysis. A formal registration protocol was included in the PROSPERO database (number: CRD42019111821). There was a statistically significant difference between the development of CKD (hazard ratio (HR): 1.82, confidence interval to 95% (95% CI): 1.27-2.62, P 0.01) and ESRD (HR: 3.01, confidence interval to 95% (95% CI): 1.92-4.70, P 0.01) in postpartum women affected by PE.PE was considered a risk factor for the onset of CKD and ESRD in the postpartum period. Thus, more research is needed to clarify the underlying mechanisms of this association, and to assist in determining the most appropriate and effective clinical conduct to prevent and/or treat such complications.

The occurrence of hypertensive syndromes during pregnancy leads to high rates of maternal-fetal morbidity and mortality. Amongst them, preeclampsia (PE) is one of the most common. This review aims to describe the relationship between oxidative stress and inflammation in PE, aiming to reinforce its importance in the context of the disease and to discuss perspectives on clinical and nutritional treatment, in this line of research. Despite the still incomplete understanding of the pathophysiology of PE, it is well accepted that there are placental changes in pregnancy, associated with an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species and the antioxidant defence system, characterizing the placental oxidative stress that leads to an increase in the production of proinflammatory cytokines. Hence, a generalized inflammatory process occurs, besides the presence of progressive vascular endothelial damage, leading to the dysfunction of the placenta. There is no consensus in the literature on the best strategies for prevention and treatment of the disease, especially for the control of oxidative stress and inflammation. In view of the above, it is evident the important connection between oxidative stress and inflammatory process in the pathogenesis of PE, being that this disease is capable of causing serious implications on both maternal and fetal health. Reports on the use of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compounds are analysed and still considered controversial. As such, the field is open for new basic and clinical research, aiming the development of innovative therapeutic approaches to prevent and to treat PE.

Summary Objective: To analyze the relation of abdominal obesity on cardiovascular risk in individuals seen by a clinic school of nutrition, classifying them based on Framingham score. Methods: Cross-sectional study, conducted at the nutrition clinic of a private college in the city of Maceió, Alagoas. We included randomly selected adults and elderly individuals with abdominal obesity, of both sexes, treated from August to December of 2009, with no history of cardiomyopathy or cardiovascular events. To determine the cardiovascular risk, the Framingham score was calculated. All analyzes were performed with SPSS software version 20.0, with p

Background Individuals who were born prematurely (PT), with low birth weight (LBW), or small for gestational age (SGA) appear to present a set of permanent changes that make them more susceptible to develop chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCD) in adult life. Aim Investigating the association between PT birth, LBW or SGA at birth and CNCD incidence in adult life. Methods Systematic review with meta-analysis of studies available in three databases - two of them are official (PubMed and Web of Science) and one is gray literature (OpenGrey) - based on pre-established search and eligibility criteria. Results Sixty-four studies were included in the review, 93.7% of them only investigated one of the exposure variables (46.7% LBW, 35.0% PT and 18.3% SGA at birth), whereas 6.3% investigated more than one exposure variable (50.0% LBW and PT; 50.0% SGA and PT). There was association among all exposure variables in the following outcomes: cardiometabolic (CMD) and glycidic metabolism (GMD) disorders, changes in body composition and risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MS). Female sex was identified as risk factor in the exposure-outcome association. Eighteen (18) articles were included in the meta-analysis. There was positive association between LBW and incidence of CMD (OR: 1.25 [95%CI: 1.11; 1.41]; 07 studies), GMD (OR: 1.70 [95%CI: 1.25; 2.30]; 03 studies) and MS (OR: 1.75 [95%CI: 1.27; 2.40]; 02 studies) in adult life. PT was positively associated with CMD (OR: 1.38 [95%CI: 1.27; 1.51]; 05 studies). Conclusions LBW and PT are associated with CMD and GMD development, as well as with the risk of developing MS in adult life.

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar a prevalência e os fatores associados à ausência de aleitamento materno na alta hospitalar em uma maternidade pública de Maceió, Alagoas, Brasil. Estudo transversal realizado com puérperas sob alta hospitalar assistidas na maternidade do hospital universitário da capital. Foram calculadas razões de prevalência (RP) e respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%) por regressão de Poisson com emprego de modelo hierarquizado. Aproximadamente 20% das puérperas não estavam amamentando. Hábito tabagista na gravidez [RP = 5,20; (IC95% = 1,75-15,33); p = 0,003]; intercorrências na gestação [RP = 3,50; (IC95% = 1,04-11,77); p = 0,042] e falta de informações sobre aleitamento materno no pré-natal [RP = 5,44; (IC95% = 1,78-16,67); p = 0,003] foram fatores desfavoráveis à amamentação. A prática de aleitamento materno dentro da maternidade está aquém do ideal. Evidencia-se a importância do pré-natal, visando fornecer orientações quanto à prevenção do tabagismo na gestação e aconselhamento sobre aleitamento materno, com atenção especial àquelas puérperas que tiveram intercorrências na gestação. Abstract This article sets out to evaluate the prevalence and associated factors with the lack of breastfeeding upon discharge from hospital in a public maternity facility in Maceio, Alagoas, Brazil. It involved a cross-sectional study performed with women who had recently given birth at the moment of discharge from the maternity ward of a university hospital in the capital. Prevalence ratios (PR) and confidence intervals of 95% (CI95%) were calculated by Poisson regression with the use of a hierarchical model. Approximately 20% of mothers did not breastfeed. Smoking during pregnancy [PR = 5.20; (CI95% =1.75 to 15.33), p = 0.003]; complications during pregnancy [PR =3.50; (CI95% =1.04 to 11.77), p = 0.042] and insufficient information about breastfeeding during prenatal care [PR = 5.44; (CI95% 1.78 to 16.67); p = 0.003] were the major negative factors associated with the lack of breastfeeding. Breastfeeding in the maternity ward was lower than ideal. Guidelines on smoking prevention and encouragement of breastfeeding must be highlighted during prenatal care, especially for women with complications during pregnancy.

Objective To evaluate the intake of antioxidant nutrients by pregnant women being cared for in the Brazilian public health system and associated factors. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out with pregnant women cared for in the public health system in the city of Maceió, Brazil, in 2014, including 385 pregnant women and their newborns, and the collection of maternal information (socioeconomic, personal, prenatal, dietary and anthropometric data), and after the babies’ birth (gestational age, birth weight and length). Food intake was assessed by two 24-hour dietary reminders per pregnant woman with subsequent adjustments by the Estimated Average Requirement method. Data were processed and Pearson’s correlation was used to evaluate associations, considering p

PURPOSE: To evaluate the factors associated with anemia among pregnant women receiving public health care in a capital city in Northeastern Brazil.METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on a sample of 428 patients obtained on the basis of the estimated prevalence of anemia during pregnancy (50%), a 95% confidence interval (95%CI), an error of 5% and a sample loss of 20%. Pregnant women who lived in the city and were served by the municipal public health network were considered to be eligible for the study. Socioeconomic, lifestyle, clinical and anthropometric data and dietary iron intake were obtained, and capillary hemoglobin was determined. Anemia was identified as a hemoglobin level

International audience; The aim of this work was to investigate the mechanism of action of 2-ferrocenyl-1,1-diphenylbut-1-ene (1) on HL-60 human leukemia cells. While inactive against noncancerous cells, 1 provoked a concentration-dependent decrease in viable tumor cells, primarily via apoptosis, as evidenced by analysis of cell morphology, activation of caspases3 and 7, increased DNA fragmentation, and externalization of phosphatidylserine. Necrosis was observed only at the highest tested concentration (4M). Compound 1 interfered with the cell cycle, causing an accumulation of cells in the G(1)/G(0) phase. Interaction of 1 with dsDNA and ssDNA was observed by differential pulse voltammetry and confirmed by hyperchromicity in the UV/Vis spectra of dsDNA, with an interaction constant of 2x10(4)M(-1). Both the organic analogue 1,1,2-triphenylbut-1-ene (2) and ferrocene were inactive against cancer and noncancer cell lines and did not react with DNA. These results reinforce the idea that the hybrid strategy of conjugating ferrocene to the structure of tamoxifen derivatives is advantageous in finding new substances with antineoplastic activity.

This article sets out to evaluate the prevalence and associated factors with the lack of breastfeeding upon discharge from hospital in a public maternity facility in Maceio, Alagoas, Brazil. It involved a cross-sectional study performed with women who had recently given birth at the moment of discharge from the maternity ward of a university hospital in the capital. Prevalence ratios (PR) and confidence intervals of 95% (CI95%) were calculated by Poisson regression with the use of a hierarchical model. Approximately 20% of mothers did not breastfeed. Smoking during pregnancy [PR = 5.20; (CI95% =1.75 to 15.33), p = 0.003]; complications during pregnancy [PR =3.50; (CI95% =1.04 to 11.77), p = 0.042] and insufficient information about breastfeeding during prenatal care [PR = 5.44; (CI95% 1.78 to 16.67); p = 0.003] were the major negative factors associated with the lack of breastfeeding. Breastfeeding in the maternity ward was lower than ideal. Guidelines on smoking prevention and encouragement of breastfeeding must be highlighted during prenatal care, especially for women with complications during pregnancy.O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar a prevalência e os fatores associados à ausência de aleitamento materno na alta hospitalar em uma maternidade pública de Maceió, Alagoas, Brasil. Estudo transversal realizado com puérperas sob alta hospitalar assistidas na maternidade do hospital universitário da capital. Foram calculadas razões de prevalência (RP) e respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%) por regressão de Poisson com emprego de modelo hierarquizado. Aproximadamente 20% das puérperas não estavam amamentando. Hábito tabagista na gravidez [RP = 5,20; (IC95% = 1,75-15,33); p = 0,003]; intercorrências na gestação [RP = 3,50; (IC95% = 1,04-11,77); p = 0,042] e falta de informações sobre aleitamento materno no pré-natal [RP = 5,44; (IC95% = 1,78-16,67); p = 0,003] foram fatores desfavoráveis à amamentação. A prática de aleitamento materno dentro da maternidade está aquém do ideal. Evidencia-se a importância do pré-natal, visando fornecer orientações quanto à prevenção do tabagismo na gestação e aconselhamento sobre aleitamento materno, com atenção especial àquelas puérperas que tiveram intercorrências na gestação.

Background: Preeclampsia has been associated with several risk factors and events. However, it still deserves further investigation, considering the multitude of related factors that affect different populations. Objective: To evaluate the maternal factors and adverse perinatal outcomes in a cohort of pregnant women with preeclampsia receiving care in the public health network of the city of Maceió. Methods: Prospective cohort study carried out in 2014 in the public health network of the city with a sample of pregnant women calculated based on a prevalence of preeclampsia of 17%, confidence level of 90%, power of 80%, and ratio of 1:1. We applied a questionnaire to collect socioeconomic, personal, and anthropometric data, and retrieved perinatal variables from medical records and certificates of live birth. The analysis was performed with Poisson regression and chi-square test considering p values < 0.05 as significant. Results: We evaluated 90 pregnant women with preeclampsia (PWP) and 90 pregnant women without preeclampsia (PWoP). A previous history of preeclampsia (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.57, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.47 - 1.67, p = 0.000) and black skin color (PR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.00 - 1.33, p = 0.040) were associated with the occurrence of preeclampsia. Among the newborns of PWP and PWoP, respectively, 12.5% and 13.1% (p = 0.907) were small for gestational age and 25.0% and 23.2% (p = 0.994) were large for gestational age. There was a predominance of cesarean delivery. Conclusion: Personal history of preeclampsia and black skin color were associated with the occurrence of preeclampsia. There was a high frequency of birth weight deviations and cesarean deliveries. Resumo Fundamento: A pré-eclâmpsia tem sido associada a vários fatores de risco e eventos. No entanto, esta doença é merecedora de mais investigações, tendo em vista a multiplicidade de fatores relacionados que acometem diferentes populações. Objetivo: Avaliar os fatores maternos e os resultados perinatais adversos em uma coorte de gestantes com pré-eclâmpsia da rede pública de saúde de Maceió. Métodos: Estudo de coorte prospectivo realizado em 2014 na rede pública de saúde do município com uma amostra de gestantes calculada com base na prevalência de pré-eclâmpsia de 17%, nível de confiança de 90%, poder de 80% e razão de 1:1. Foi aplicado um questionário para coleta de dados socioeconômicos, pessoais e antropométricos, e obtidas variáveis perinatais de prontuário e da declaração de nascido vivo. Análise realizada com regressão de Poisson e teste do qui-quadrado, considerando p < 0,05 como significativo. Resultados: Foram estudadas 90 gestantes com pré-eclâmpsia (GCP) e 90 gestantes sem pré-eclâmpsia (GSP). História prévia de pré-eclâmpsia (razão de prevalência [RP] = 1,57, intervalo de confiança de 95% [IC 95%] 1,47-1,67, p = 0,000) e cor da pele negra (RP = 1,15, IC 95% 1,00-1,33, p = 0,040) estiveram associadas à ocorrência de pré-eclâmpsia. Entre os recém-nascidos das GCP e GSP, 12,5% e 13,1%, respectivamente, eram pequenos para a idade gestacional (p = 0,907) e 25,0% e 23,2%, respectivamente, eram grandes para a idade gestacional (p = 0,994). Houve predomínio da via de parto cesariana. Conclusão: História pessoal de pré-eclâmpsia e cor da pele negra estiveram associadas à ocorrência de pré-eclâmpsia. Houve elevadas frequências de desvios de peso ao nascer e da via de parto cesariana.

OBJETIVO: o presente estudo visou relacionar o grau de disfagia com o consumo alimentar de indivíduos com mucopolissacaridose II (MPS II). MÉTODO: foram incluídos indivíduos com MPS II do departamento de genética da Universidade Estadual de Alagoas e excluídos aqueles com outros tipos de mucopolissacaridoses, bem como que estivessem em uso de via alternativa de alimentação. Realizadas avaliações antropométrica, dietética, fonoaudiológica para disfagia, clínica otorrinolaringológica e a videoendoscopia da deglutição. RESULTADOS: foram estudados 07 indivíduos, do gênero masculino, entre 5 e 14 anos de idade, dos quais mais de 50% faziam uso de anti-hipertensivo e 42,8% manifestavam a forma grave da doença. Seis deles apresentaram déficit de altura/ idade e mais de 70% encontravam-se obesos segundo o Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC). Foi observada disfagia em cinco deles, com média diária de consumo calórico de 920,15 ± 244,09 calorias, contra 1264,94 ± 106,85 calorias para aqueles sem disfagia, com variação intra-individual significativamente maior no grupo de portadores de disfagia (p < 0,05). Além disso, os indivíduos sem disfagia apresentaram consumo alimentar mais elevado de carboidratos, proteínas e lipídios. Já para os micronutrientes, com exceção da média de consumo diária de ferro e vitamina E, todos os outros avaliados apresentaram médias diárias de consumo maiores no grupo sem disfagia (p < 0,05). CONCLUSÃO: foi observada uma elevada frequência de disfagia nos portadores de MPS II estudados, e isso foi associado ao baixo consumo alimentar calórico e desequilíbrio na proporção e quantidade de macronutrientes e de parte dos micronutrientes. PURPOSE: this study aimed to relate the degree of dysphagia and food consumption of individuals with mucopolysaccharidosis II (MPS II). METHOD: it was included individuals with MPS II of the genetics department at the State University of Alagoas and excluded those with other types of mucopolysaccharidosis and in use of alternative way of supply. There were performed anthropometric, dietetic, speech therapy for dysphagia,clinical evaluation and otorrinolarigologic videoendoscopy swallowing. RESULTS: there were studied 07 individuals, male, between 5 and 14 years old: from them, more than 50% were taking anti-hypertensive and 42.8% had the severe form of disease. Six had serious deficit height / age and over 70% were obese according to Body Mass Index (BMI). Dysphagia was observed in five subjects, with daily average caloric intake 920.15 ± 244.09 calories, against 1264.94 ± 106.85 calories for those without such changes, with significantly greater intraindividual variation in the group of patients with dysphagia (p

International audience; The antiproliferative effects of twenty-eight tetrasubstituted olefins bearing a ferrocenyl group, including six never-reported compounds, were evaluated against SF-295 (human glioblastoma), HCT-8 (human colon cancer), MDA-MB-435 (human melanoma) and HL-60 (human promyelocytic leukemia) using the MTT test. IC(50) values were determined for twenty-three active compounds and of these, ten compounds had IC(50) values lower than 2 mu M on one or more cell lines. Of all the compounds, only two produced significant amounts of ROS on HL-60 cells, and ROS production and growth inhibition could not be correlated. The ten most antiproliferative compounds were tested for their hemolytic activity on mouse erythrocytes. Five compounds showing high antiproliferative activity and low hemolytic activity were thus identified for further study. (C) 2011 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Methanolic extract powders of acerola, passion fruit and pineapple industrial residues, including pulp, seeds and peel, altogether (except for acerola) devoid of seeds, were screened for antioxidant capacity. The total phenolic contents (TPCs) of the extract powders were compared with their radical-scavenging activities (RSA) against both DPPH • and superoxide anion ( O 2 • - ) radicals, and their protective effect against liposome peroxidation, triggered by peroxyl radical. Lipid peroxidation was followed by the fluorescence decay of the probe, 4,4-difluoro-5-(4-phenyl-1,3-butadienyl)-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene-3-undecanoic acid (C11-BODIPY581/591). The TPCs of acerola, passion fruit and pineapple extract powders were (94.6 ± 7.4); (41.2 ± 4.2) and (9.1 ± 1.3) mg of gallic acid equivalents g−1 of dry extract, respectively. Acerola showed the best RSA- DPPH • scores, whereas passion fruit was more protective on the RSA- O 2 • - system. Together with the protective effects against lipid peroxidation (rate of BODIPY decay), which were similar for acerola and passion fruit extracts, these data suggest that the methanolic extracts of acerola and passion fruit residues may be useful as antioxidant supplements, particularly the acerola extract, due to its high phenolic content.

Growing knowledge on the health-promoting impact of antioxidants in everyday foods, combined with the assumption that a number of common synthetic preservatives may have hazardous side effects has led to increased investigations in the field of natural antioxidants, principally those found in plants. Food industries normally discard plant residues that could benefit the human health and diminish undesirable environmental impact. Once estimated the content of antioxidants in these residues, advantageous economical and social alternatives to the discard are possible, for example, their use for preparation of nutraceuticals to be offered to low-income populations. We present here a broad, although not complete, account of the continuously growing knowledge on the antioxidant capacity of whole fruits, seeds and peels, cereals, vegetal oils and aromatic plants, at several physical forms, as well as a description of the usual methods for evaluating their antioxidant capacity and examples of agroindustrial processes that could be harnessed for the production of antioxidant supplement food, along with research perspectives in the area.

Introduction and Objective: Oxidative stress appears to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Evidence suggests that adequate intake of antioxidants can modulate this condition. The objective of this study was to assess the intake of antioxidant nutrients and coefficients of variation in pregnant women with preeclampsia. Methods: In a cross-sectional study in the public health network of the city of Maceió, Brazil, a dietary survey was performed consisting of 24-hour food recalls, with subsequent adjustment of nutrients using the estimated average requirement as the cutoff point, and a questionnaire on frequency of consumption of antioxidants. Results: We studied 90 pregnant women with preeclampsia (PWP) and 90 pregnant women without preeclampsia (PWoP) with mean ages of 25.8±6.7 years and 24.1±6.2 years (p=0.519), respectively. A low mean intake of antioxidants (vitamin A, selenium, zinc and copper) was observed in both PWP and PWoP, although intakes of vitamin A (p=0.045) and selenium (p=0.008) were higher in PWoP. In addition, we observed high coefficients of variation in nutrient intakes in both groups, which were higher for vitamin C (p