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Newcastle disease (ND) is considered a highly transmissible viral disease among birds, especially poultry and it spreads all over the world and causes great losses in the poultry production. Although, vaccines can be used as a way to control the disease, so far there is no approved anti-virus drug for ND. The aim of this study was to evaluate licorice root oil as an antiviral to Newcastle disease virus (NDV). The LaSota strain of NDV was incubated with licorice root oil for one hour and twenty four hours, after which its antiviral activity was measured by performing blood agglutination and RT-PCR tests. Toxicity of licorice root oil was determined by injection into developing chicken embryos with or without the virus. The results revealed that the oil played an effective role in reducing the effectiveness of the virus by destroying the receptors on the viral surface in addition to the inhibition of genet amplification compared to the control group treated with phosphate buffer saline (PBS) only, which gave opposite results. Also, there was no evidence of toxicity seen on the organism as the embryos injected with the oil alone or the oil treated with the virus were in good condition and very similar to those that were not inoculated with anything. In comparison, the injected embryos with the virus only showed signs of disease that did not appear in the other oil-containing groups. These findings show that licorice root oil is a strong potential antiviral agent and can play a role in the elimination of the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Condensation of cefotaxime drug with aromatic aldehydes (Piperonal, 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyd, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy benzaldehyde, 3,4-dihydroxy benzaldehyde and p-phthaldehyde yielded Schiff bases in good yield. Spectroscopic characterization such as, IR and NMR of new compounds have been obtained by using nuclear magnetic resonance 600 MHz. The synthesized compounds were tested against, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus Bacillus cereus and klebsella pneumonia for antibacterial activity. and fungicidal activity against Candida trobicalis Candida albicans, Candida krusi, Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus niger. A new compounds exhibited potent antibacterial and antifungal activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The synthesis of new organic compounds has drawn the attention of organic chemists with the potential for biological and chemotherapeutic activities. New oxime derivative was prepared by 5-Bromo-1H-indole-2,3-dione with hydroxyl amine hydrochloride. In our current study, rat model was used to determine the toxicity of the synthesized compound. The up and down from Dixon has been found to have a body weight LD50 of 1477.2 mg/kg, moderate toxicity. The result of physiological study was showed when the cadmium chloride was injected, there’s a significant decrease in the weight of the body and organs as compared with control group, but when treated animals with new compound alone or after one hour from treated the animals with cadmium chloride there’s changes in the weight of body and body weight organs, also the result was showed when cadmium injection caused significant decrease in all hormones levels as compared with control group. When treated animals with new compound alone or after 1 hour from treated rats with cadmium chloride injection, caused increase in the levels of hormones and in some hormone such as FSH there’s no significant differences as compared with control .Histopathological study showed normal structure of testes, spermatogenesis and normal connective tissue in treated rats with new compound as compared to the control group. While histological changes in section of testes in rats treated with toxic substance showed loss of normal structure of testes, odema, loss both spermatogenesis and connective tissue, also the present histological study showed normal spermatogenesis and connective tissue development in the animals treated with cadmium chloride and after one hour treated with new compound. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experiment was done to examine the effect of sulfanilamide and HSV on hematological and some biochemical parameters in addition histopathological changes in male rabbits, this experiment was carried out on 18 male rabbits, these animal acclimatized for one week before then divided into three groups (6 rabbits in each). First group as control group were given of dimethyl sulphoxide( 0.5 ml) I.P daily, second group were treated withsulfanilamide drug (195 mg/kg) I.P daily, while, third group weregivenof HSV(83.86 mg/kg) I.P daily. The treatment continues for three weeks, the results showed significantly reduction in RBCs, Hb, PCV, this reduction was companied by a significant decrease MCH, MCHC, as well as a significant decrease in Platelet count, while observed significantly increase in AST and ALT activities also a significant increase in total cholesterol, the study produced a significant increase in urea and creatininewhereas significantly decrease in total protein and albumin associateda significant increase in globulin, histopathological study showed congested in portal vein and periportal fibrosis, while in kidney dilated cortical tubules and atrophy glomeruli were noted in the male rabbits treated with sulfanilamide, from our results the group treated with HSV showed improvement in hematological and biochemical parameters, while ameliorated the histopathological changes in liver and kidney were showed. Concluded theadministrationofsulfanilamide cause to several adverse effects while the administration of HSV attenuation of this impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three new ruthenium(II)-arene complexes of the general formula [{(η6-p-cymene)Ru(L)}2](Cl)2), where L are monastrol (L1), ethyl 4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2-thioxo-pyrimidine-5-carboxylate (L2) or its 4-bromophenyl analog (L3), have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, 1H, 13C, and 2-D NMR spectroscopy. The X-ray diffraction study of complex 1 showed the presence of a dicationic diruthenium complex where two thioxopyrimidines act as tridentate μ,κN:κ2S ligand, bridging two Ru ions through the pyrimidine nitrogen and sulfur atoms. All new complexes were evaluated in vitro for their antiviral activity against the replication of HIV-1 and HIV-2 in MT-4 cells using MTT assay. Additionally, complexes 1–3 were screened for their inhibitory activity against the ATPase enzyme and the motor-protein Kinesin Eg5. Complex 1 was found to inhibit microtubule-stimulated ATPase activity of kinesin of IC50 = 30 μM (monastrol, IC50 = 10 μM). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reaction of potassium tellurocyanate (prepared in situ) withN-(1-chloroethylidene)arylamines (i.e., 4-RC6H4N = C(CH3)Cl, where R = H, Cl, CH3and NO2) in DMSO solution gave unexpectedly, after hydrolysis, the correspondingN-(3-(arylamino)butan-2-ylidene)arylamines in 63–78%. Reaction ofN-(3-(arylamino)butan-2-ylidene)arylamines with SOCl2or with Br2resulted in the substitution of a halogen on the aromatic rings. The presence of a water molecule within the structure of the synthesized diimines was rationalized theoretically by Density Functional Theory (DFT). All compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, NMR and mass spectroscopic data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]