8 results on '"Alain Stevanovitch"'
Search Results
2. When a lost 'Petit Prince' meets Antoine de Saint Exupéry: An anthropological case report
- Author
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Lino von Gartzen, Alain Stevanovitch, Eric Bouzaid, Stéfan Tzortzis, Luc Vanrell, Michel Signoli, Annick Martinet, Caroline Costedoat, Philippe Castellano, Pascal Adalian, Anthropologie bio-culturelle, Droit, Ethique et Santé (ADES), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-EFS ALPES MEDITERRANEE-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Police scientifique de Marseille, Institut National de Police Scientifique (INPS), Société Imamadras, Société Immadras, Société Bavaroise D'Archéologie, Société Bavaroise d'Archéologie, Centre d'Etudes des littératures Anciennes et Modernes. UHB (CELAM), Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), UMR 6578 : Anthropologie Bio-Culturelle (UAABC), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)
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Male ,History ,World War II ,[SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology ,Context (language use) ,Ancient history ,DNA, Mitochondrial ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Bone and Bones ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine ,Anthropological study ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences ,German ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Age Determination by Skeleton ,Humans ,030216 legal & forensic medicine ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,Radiometric Dating ,SAINT ,DNA ,History, 20th Century ,Sex Determination by Skeleton ,DNA Fingerprinting ,language.human_language ,Pilots ,Military Personnel ,language ,Forensic Anthropology ,France ,Age Determination by Teeth ,Fountain ,Greeks ,Law ,Microsatellite Repeats - Abstract
This case study reports the anthropological analysis of bones remains discovered on Riou Island (Marseille, France) and the story of two World War II fighter pilots. The discovery of bones on “The Fountain of the Greeks” square on Riou Island occurred in the 1960’s and a first anthropological study described a 35-year-old man, about 1.77 m tall, buried since an estimated period between the 13th and 16th centuries. The case was “closed” and the bones were considered as isolated archaeological remains. Few years later, near the coasts of Riou Island, parts of two planes were discovered. One was from of a German Messerschmitt Bf 109 F-4 of the Luftwaffe piloted by Prince Alexis furst zu Bentheim und Steinfurt, and the other from a French P-38 Lightning F-5 B piloted by Antoine de Saint-Exupery. Therefore, the identification of the skeletal remains mentioned above was then thought to be perhaps one of the two World War II pilots. In this particular context we performed forensic and molecular biology analyses to resolve this identification.
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- 2019
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3. French soldiers who died during both World Wars: from recovery to repatriation
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Yves Desfossés, Michel Signoli, Alain Jacques, Alain Stevanovitch, Frédéric Adam, Caroline Costedoat, Emeline Verna, Anthropologie bio-culturelle, Droit, Ethique et Santé (ADES), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-EFS ALPES MEDITERRANEE-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Police Scientifique (INPS), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), Archéologie et histoire ancienne : Méditerranée - Europe (ARCHIMEDE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Direction régionale des affaires culturelles du Grand Est (Drac Grand Est), Service archéologique de la ville d'Arras, Ville d'Arras, and Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)
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Male ,Identification ,010506 paleontology ,History ,World War II ,Anthropological analysis ,Legislation ,Context (language use) ,01 natural sciences ,Bone and Bones ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine ,03 medical and health sciences ,Politics ,0302 clinical medicine ,Recovery ,Humans ,030216 legal & forensic medicine ,World War I ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Duty of remembrance ,Forensic Sciences ,History, 20th Century ,16. Peace & justice ,DNA Fingerprinting ,Body Remains ,Military Personnel ,Archaeology ,Law ,World Wars ,France ,Repatriation ,Period (music) - Abstract
International audience; The study of human remains from the first and the second World War is important for enhancing our understanding of that historical period. Despite the fact that the period has been well-documented previously, gaps remain, particularly as a result of the destruction of archives. In fact, for just WWI, more than 700,000 soldiers from both sides remain missing. Scientific and political collaborations established in hopes of recovering and identifying soldiers will allow many families understand “what happened” to their loved ones and facilitate the return of the soldiers their homes. In this paper, the recovery of the human remains of French soldiers WWI and WWII will be described through the lens of the legislation in place governing the retrieval and identification of the remains, protocols established for recovery, excavation and analysis, and the dissemination data. These features will be illustrated using three case studies that involve French soldiers who died during WWI. Research of this type is the result of true interdisciplinary and sometimes international, depending on the context, collaboration. The public and academic the dissemination of these archaeological discoveries, both to academics and the public, is crucial and a type of remembrance.
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- 2020
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4. On the origin of Iberomaurusians: new data based on ancient mitochondrial DNA and phylogenetic analysis of Afalou and Taforalt populations
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Chokri Naouali, Sonia Abdelhak, Eliane Beraud-Colomb, Sana Hsouna, Haifa Jmel, Rym Kefi, Eric Bouzaid, Alain Stevanovitch, Meriem Hechmi, Laboratoire de Génomique Biomédicale et Oncogénétique - Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics Laboratory (LR11IPT05), Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM)-Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM), Laboratoire de police scientifique de Marseille (INPS/LPS13), Institut National de Police Scientifique (INPS), Rym Kefi, Meriem Hechmi, Haifa Jmel, Sana Hsouna and Sonia Abdelhak belong to MEDIGENE Project grant agreement number 279171 (FP7-HEALTH-2011)., and We kindly thank Pr. Henry de Lumley and Pr. Dominique Grimaud-Hervé, Institut de Paléontologie Humaine de Paris, for giving us the authorization to work on the specimens of Taforalt and Afalou. We also thank Cedric Favre for his valuable comments.
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0301 basic medicine ,Mediterranean climate ,MESH: Sequence Analysis, DNA ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,MESH: Africa, Northern ,MESH: DNA, Ancient ,mitochondrial DNA ,030105 genetics & heredity ,MESH: History, Ancient ,Genetic diversity ,MESH: Mediterranean Region ,Africa, Northern ,MESH: Genetic Variation ,History, Ancient ,Phylogeny ,MESH: Phylogeny ,education.field_of_study ,Phylogenetic tree ,Mediterranean Region ,Genetic structure ,MESH: Genome, Mitochondrial ,Gene Flow ,Population ,MESH: Genetics, Population ,Biology ,DNA, Mitochondrial ,White People ,03 medical and health sciences ,Epiplaeolithic ,MESH: European Continental Ancestry Group/genetics ,parasitic diseases ,Genetics ,Humans ,DNA, Ancient ,education ,Molecular Biology ,ancient DNA ,MESH: Gene Flow ,MESH: Humans ,Genetic Variation ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,Before Present ,North Africa ,Archaeology ,Genetics, Population ,030104 developmental biology ,Ancient DNA ,Iberomaurusian ,Genome, Mitochondrial ,MESH: DNA, Mitochondrial - Abstract
International audience; The Western North African population was characterized by the presence of Iberomaurusian civilization at the Epiplaeolithic period (around 20,000 years before present (YBP) to 10,000 YBP). The origin of this population is still not clear: they may come from Europe, Near East, sub-Saharan Africa or they could have evolved in situ in North Africa. With the aim to contribute to a better knowledge of the settlement of North Africa we analysed the mitochondrial DNA extracted from Iberomaurusian skeletons exhumed from the archaeological site of Afalou (AFA) (15,000-11,000 YBP) in Algeria and from the archaeological site of Taforalt (TAF) (23,000-10,800 YBP) in Morocco. Then, we carried out a phylogenetic analysis relating these Iberomaurusians to 61 current Mediterranean populations. The genetic structure of TAF and AFA specimens contains only North African and Eurasian maternal lineages. These finding demonstrate the presence of these haplotypes in North Africa from at least 20,000 YBP. The very low contribution of a Sub-Saharan African haplotype in the Iberomaurusian samples is confirmed. We also highlighted the existence of genetic flows between Southern and Northern coast of the Mediterranean.
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- 2017
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5. Results of a collaborative study on DNA identification of aged bone samples
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Judith Zander, Marie Allen, Joanna Vella, Petra Lotz, Ruth Galdies, Alain Stevanovitch, Olivier Cepil, Marion Nagy, Daniel Vanek, Wafa Ali Rashid Al Tayyari, Dina Al Salafi, Hicham El Ossmani, Mishel Stephenson, Jindrich Novotny, Jan Cemper-Kiesslich, Jan Frolík, Jitka Dubska-Votrubova, Greet De Cock, Michel Bottinelli, Francois Guidet, Marguerethe Stenersen, Juliane Strien, Wendy Arguetaa, Magdalena M. Bus, Angie Ambers, Anna Hoefges, Cristian Bogdan Iancu, D.R. Sumita, Ahmed Anwar Al Afeefi, Alessandro Maresca, Hajar Rachid, Jessica Rothe, Bruce Budowle, Martin Pospíšek, Stijn Desmyter, Hamid El Amri, Khudooma Saeed Al Naimi, Khalid Ismaeil Al Hosani, and Sebastian Grün
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Forensic Genetics ,0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Forensic Science ,Bone and Bones ,03 medical and health sciences ,Forensic dna ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,030216 legal & forensic medicine ,Czech Republic ,business.industry ,National museum ,Medical jurisprudence ,DNA ,General Medicine ,DNA Fingerprinting ,Dna identification ,030104 developmental biology ,Multicenter study ,DNA profiling ,Family medicine ,Test performance ,Degraded dna ,business - Abstract
Aim A collaborative exercise with several institutes was organized by the Forensic DNA Service (FDNAS) and the Institute of the Legal Medicine, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic, with the aim to test performance of different laboratories carrying out DNA analysis of relatively old bone samples. Methods Eighteen laboratories participating in the collaborative exercise were asked to perform DNA typing of two samples of bone powder. Two bone samples provided by the National Museum and the Institute of Archaelogy in Prague, Czech Republic, came from archeological excavations and were estimated to be approximately 150 and 400 years old. The methods of genetic characterization including autosomal, gonosomal, and mitochondrial markers was selected solely at the discretion of the participating laboratory. Results Although the participating laboratories used different extraction and amplification strategies, concordant results were obtained from the relatively intact 150 years old bone sample. Typing was more problematic with the analysis of the 400 years old bone sample due to poorer quality. Conclusion The laboratories performing identification DNA analysis of bone and teeth samples should regularly test their ability to correctly perform DNA-based identification on bone samples containing degraded DNA and potential inhibitors and demonstrate that risk of contamination is minimized.
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- 2017
6. Results of a collaborative study on DNA identification of aged bone samples
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Daniel Vanek, Bruce Budowle, Jitka Dubska-Votrubova, Angie Ambers, Jan Frolik, Martin Pospisek, Ahmed Anwar Al Afeefi, Khalid Ismaeil Al Hosani, Marie Allen, Khudooma Saeed Al Naimi, Dina Al Salafi, Wafa Ali Rashid Al Tayyari, Wendy Arguetaa, Michel Bottinelli, Magdalena M. Bus, Jan Cemper-Kiesslich, Olivier Cepil, Greet De Cock, Stijn Desmyter, Hamid El Amri, Hicham El Ossmani, Ruth Galdies, Sebastian Grn, Francois Guidet, Anna Hoefges, Cristian Bogdan Iancu, Petra Lotz, Alessandro Maresca, Marion Nagy, Jindrich Novotny, Hajar Rachid, Jessica Rothe, Marguerethe Stenersen, Mishel Stephenson, Alain Stevanovitch, Juliane Strien, Denilce R. Sumita, Joanna Vella, Judith Zander, Daniel Vanek, Bruce Budowle, Jitka Dubska-Votrubova, Angie Ambers, Jan Frolik, Martin Pospisek, Ahmed Anwar Al Afeefi, Khalid Ismaeil Al Hosani, Marie Allen, Khudooma Saeed Al Naimi, Dina Al Salafi, Wafa Ali Rashid Al Tayyari, Wendy Arguetaa, Michel Bottinelli, Magdalena M. Bus, Jan Cemper-Kiesslich, Olivier Cepil, Greet De Cock, Stijn Desmyter, Hamid El Amri, Hicham El Ossmani, Ruth Galdies, Sebastian Grn, Francois Guidet, Anna Hoefges, Cristian Bogdan Iancu, Petra Lotz, Alessandro Maresca, Marion Nagy, Jindrich Novotny, Hajar Rachid, Jessica Rothe, Marguerethe Stenersen, Mishel Stephenson, Alain Stevanovitch, Juliane Strien, Denilce R. Sumita, Joanna Vella, and Judith Zander
- Abstract
AimA collaborative exercise with several institutes was organized by the Forensic DNA Service (FDNAS) and the Institute of the Legal Medicine, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic, with the aim to test performance of different laboratories carrying out DNA analysis of relatively old bone samples. MethodsEighteen laboratories participating in the collaborative exercise were asked to perform DNA typing of two samples of bone powder. Two bone samples provided by the National Museum and the Institute of Archaelogy in Prague, Czech Republic, came from archeological excavations and were estimated to be approximately 150 and 400 years old. The methods of genetic characterization including autosomal, gonosomal, and mitochondrial markers was selected solely at the discretion of the participating laboratory. ResultsAlthough the participating laboratories used different extraction and amplification strategies, concordant results were obtained from the relatively intact 150 years old bone sample. Typing was more problematic with the analysis of the 400 years old bone sample due to poorer quality. ConclusionThe laboratories performing identification DNA analysis of bone and teeth samples should regularly test their ability to correctly perform DNA-based identification on bone samples containing degraded DNA and potential inhibitors and demonstrate that risk of contamination is minimized.
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- 2017
7. Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Diversity in a Sedentary Population from Egypt
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R P Gayraud, Rym Kefi, François Paris, F El-Chenawi, J.-L. Spadoni, Eliane Beraud-Colomb, André Gilles, Eric Bouzaid, and Alain Stevanovitch
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Genetics ,Mitochondrial DNA ,education.field_of_study ,Haplotype ,Population ,Haplogroup L3 ,Biology ,DNA, Mitochondrial ,humanities ,Haplogroup ,Genetics, Population ,Haplotypes ,Evolutionary biology ,Genetic structure ,Humans ,Egypt ,Restriction fragment length polymorphism ,education ,Exercise ,Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ,Genetics (clinical) ,Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup - Abstract
The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) diversity of 58 individuals from Upper Egypt, more than half (34 individuals) from Gurna, whose population has an ancient cultural history, were studied by sequencing the control-region and screening diagnostic RFLP markers. This sedentary population presented similarities to the Ethiopian population by the L1 and L2 macrohaplogroup frequency (20.6%), by the West Eurasian component (defined by haplogroups H to K and T to X) and particularly by a high frequency (17.6%) of haplogroup M1. We statistically and phylogenetically analysed and compared the Gurna population with other Egyptian, Near East and sub-Saharan Africa populations; AMOVA and Minimum Spanning Network analysis showed that the Gurna population was not isolated from neighbouring populations. Our results suggest that the Gurna population has conserved the trace of an ancestral genetic structure from an ancestral East African population, characterized by a high M1 haplogroup frequency. The current structure of the Egyptian population may be the result of further influence of neighbouring populations on this ancestral population.
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- 2004
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8. Application de la technique de PCR en temps réel à l’étude de l’ADN ancien
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Jean Louis Spadoni, Rym Kefi, Alain Stevanovitch, Bertrand Mafart, and Eliane Beraud-Colomb
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Theria ,biology ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Western europe ,General Engineering ,Art ,biology.organism_classification ,Molecular biology ,media_common - Abstract
Resume L’utilisation de la technique de PCR en temps reel a ete testee pour la premiere fois dans l’etude de l’ADN ancien (ADNa). Les conditions optimales d’amplification determinees ont permis d’obtenir, en une seule PCR, un produit d’amplification en quantite suffisante pour etre directement sequence. Outre la verification de l’authenticite de l’ADNa, nous avons compare deux methodes de traitement de l’os : le scalpel et l’ethanol. Les specimens traites a l’ethanol presentaient un meilleur rendement en ADN. Pour la realisation de ce travail, nous avons analyse la region HVSI de la D-loop mitochondriale de cinq squelettes humains, exhumes du site archeologique de Notre-Dame-du-Bourg. Pour citer cet article : R. Kefi et al., C. R. Palevol 2 (2003) 125–132.
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- 2003
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