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This study shows that remdesivir and dexamethasone combination therapy can be considered as a suitable treatment choice for pregnant women infected with COVID‐19. It is worth mentioning that more studies are required to evaluate the efficacy and side effects of remdesivir monotherapy and its combination with dexamethasone during pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cancer is one of the most serious human health issues. Drug therapy is the major common way to treat cancer. There is a growing interest in using natural compounds to overcome drug resistance, adverse reactions, and target specificity of certain types of drugs that may affect several targets with fewer side effects and be beneficial against various types of cancer. In this regard, the use of herbal medicines alone or in combination with the main anticancer drugs is commonly available. Berberine (BBR), a nature‐driven phytochemical component, is a well‐known nutraceutical due to its wide variety of pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, and hypolipidemic. In addition, BBR exerts anticancer activities. In present article, we summarized the information available on the therapeutic effects of BBR and its mechanisms on five types of the most prevalent gastrointestinal cancers, including esophageal, gastric, colorectal, hepatocarcinoma, and pancreatic cancers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women worldwide. It is believed that Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is responsible for 100% of cervical cancers. 200 HPV genotypes have been identified to date, of which 13--15 are high-risk HPV genotypes infecting the genital area. 218 females suffering from high-risk HPV infection and showing a negative cytology test were selected in a retrospective cross-sectional study and divided into two groups: 1. HPV 16/18 (121 women) and 2. Other highrisk HPV (OHrHPV) (97 women). The demographic and clinical data were collected from Motahari clinic, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, between September 2020 and January 2023. The collected data were analyzed using IBM SPSS software version 26. Data analysis was carried out using chi-square, t-test, and Mann-Whitney, and p < 0.05 was defined as being statistically significant for all the aforementioned tests. The mean age for the HPV 16/18 and OHrHPV groups were 35.27 ± 7.698 and 36.58 ± 8.756, respectively. The most prevalent HPV genotype was HPV type 16 (n = 96) in the population, followed by HPV type 18 (n = 25) and HPV type 31 (n = 17). The HPV 16/18 group had 15 high-grade colposcopy results, while only four similar results were observed in the OHrHPV group (p value = 0.031). The most prevalent HPV genotype in patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2 and CIN3 was HPV16. The cytology test failed to identify over 4% of the lesions in the OHrHPV group. Direct referral for colposcopy in the OHrHPV group results in the identification of missed diagnosed lesions and lost to follow-up patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Key Clinical Message: Choriocarcinoma of the fallopian tube is extremely rare and highly susceptible to early metastasis. Clinical manifestations of ectopic pregnancy and choriocarcinoma are the same, and all patients with ectopic pregnancy should be evaluated for choriocarcinoma based on histopathological findings. Adjuvant chemotherapy (after surgery) is the proposed treatment for tubal choriocarcinoma. Choriocarcinoma is a malignant epithelial tumor of the chorionic villi that often manifests after a normal or molar pregnancy. The primary tubal choriocarcinoma associated with ectopic pregnancy is extremely rare and can be misdiagnosed as an ectopic pregnancy since symptoms including vaginal bleeding, amenorrhea, elevated beta‐human chorionic gonadotropin (BHCG) levels, and pelvic pain are shared. A 34‐year‐old G4P3003 woman presented with a one‐week history of vaginal bleeding and right lower abdominal pain, which had intensified a day before admission. Clinical and paraclinical examinations pointed to a ruptured tubal pregnancy; hence, an emergency laparotomy was performed, and a right salpingectomy was carried out on the patient. However, a nonsignificant decline in BHCG level was observed, and histological examination revealed tubal choriocarcinoma; hence, a metastasis workup was carried out, yet no metastasis was detected. Six sessions of chemotherapy consisting of Etoposide, Methotrexate, Dactinomycin, Cyclophosphamide, and Vincristine (EMA‐CO) were administered without complication, in such a way that the BHCG level normalized after three sessions of chemotherapy. Evaluations after 1 year from the completion of chemotherapy revealed that the patient had no subsequent problems. Choriocarcinoma of the fallopian tube is extremely rare and highly susceptible to early metastasis. Clinical manifestations of ectopic pregnancy and choriocarcinoma are the same, and all patients with ectopic pregnancy should be evaluated for choriocarcinoma based on histopathological findings. Metastasis workup should be considered for all individuals with choriocarcinoma. Adjuvant chemotherapy (after surgery) is the proposed treatment for tubal choriocarcinoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Key Clinical Message: To date, there have been disparate reports regarding borderline forms of Brenner tumors, while research on concomitant mucinous proliferation is even more irregular; however, it has been observed that proper diagnosis and treatment have proven to have a favorable prognosis on the aforementioned tumor. Brenner tumor is a rare epithelial ovarian neoplasm responsible for 2%–3% of all ovarian tumors. These tumors are usually asymptomatic and can usually be found incidentally in pathological studies. They can also manifest themselves as abdominal pain or abnormal uterine bleeding. A 41‐year‐old female with a history of anemia referred to the hospital suffering from abdominal pain for at least 1 month before the referral period. Physical examination revealed a mobile palpable mass in the left lower abdomen. Ultrasound and pelvic computed tomography scan (CT scan) revealed a left ovarian complex cyst. Left salpingo‐oophorectomy was performed on the patient, and the cyst was removed. Pathological findings revealed an atypical proliferative Brenner tumor with mucinous metaplasia. To date, there have been disparate reports regarding borderline forms of Brenner tumors, while research on concomitant mucinous proliferation is even more irregular; however, it has been observed that proper diagnosis and treatment have proven to have a favorable prognosis on the aforementioned tumor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The principal etiology of mortality in COVID-19 patients is the systemic pro-inflammatory processes which may lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome. Hematologic indices are reachable representatives of inflammation in patients with COVID-19 infection. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the potential predictive value of these inflammatory indices in the in-hospital mortality of ICU-admitted COVID-19 patients. The studied indexes included AISI, dNLR, NLPR, NLR, SII, and SIRI. Method: 315 COVID-19 patients admitted to ICU managed in Imam Khomeini Hospital of Urmia, Iran, during the last 6 months of 2020 were retrospectively enrolled in the study and divided into two subgroups based on their final outcome, discharge or death. Results: Total leucocyte count (TLC), absolute neutrophil count (NLC), urea, Cr, RDW, AISI, dNLR, NLPR, NLR, SII, and SIRI were drastically elevated in the dead patients (P < 0.05). The optimal cut-off points for AISI (378.81), dNLR (5.66), NLPR (0.03), NLR (5.97), SII (1589.25), and SIRI (2.31) were obtained using ROC curves. NLR and SII had the highest sensitivity (71.4%) and specificity (73.6%), respectively. Patients with above-cut-off levels of ISI, dNLR, NLPR, NLR, and SII had lower average survival time. Age (OR = 1.057, CI95%: 1.030–1.085, p < 0.001) and dNLR (OR = 1.131, CI95%: 1.061–1.206, p < 0.001) were the independent predictors for mortality in the studied COVID-19 patients based on multivariate logistic regression. Conclusion: Age and dNLR are valuable predictive factors for in-hospital death of ICU-admitted COVID-19 patients. Besides, other indices, AISI, NLPR, NLR, SII, and SIRI, may have an additional role that requires further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Key Clinical Message: The study describes the successful treatment of a rare type of arteriovenous malformation (AVM) in the sole using hybrid surgery, which consists of open resection and embolization. Moreover, the possibility of utilizing ultrasound during examination in addition to angiography for the diagnosing of AVM of the sole is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]