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Short-lived bromo-, chloro- and iodocarbons from marine and anthropogenic sources contribute to the atmospheric halogen budgets and to ozone depletion in the troposphere and stratosphere. Their spatial variations are poorly known, given the sparse observations of marine and atmospheric concentrations. The distribution and air-sea fluxes of halocarbons need to be quantified in order to clarify the oceanic contributions to future tropospheric and stratospheric ozone chemistry.Here we present the first marine and atmospheric halocarbon dataset from the research cruise SO287-CONNECT (Pan-Atlantic connectivity of marine biogeochemical and ecological processes and the impact of anthropogenic pressures). The transit of RV SONNE from Las Palmas, Spain (departure: 11.12.2021) to Guayaquil, Ecuador (arrival: 11.01.2022) was conducted to decipher the coupling of biogeochemical and ecological processes and their influence on atmospheric chemistry along the transport pathway of water from the upwelling zones off Africa into the Sargasso Sea and further to the Caribbean and the equatorial Pacific. A comprehensive work program, which combined continuous underway and station work, marine and atmospheric measurements and sampling with incubation experiments was conducted.The distribution of short-lived halocarbons, e.g. bromoform (CHBr3), dibromomethane (CH2Br2), methyl iodide (CH3I), and trichloromethane (CHCl3) was highly dynamic in both ocean and atmosphere. We calculate the air-sea exchange of the compounds and relate physical and biological parameters to our observations. Among these are transport processes (e.g. long-range transport, eddies) and we show the varying composition of air and water masses and the potential sources of the compounds. For the first time, we estimate the contribution of the floating macroalgae Sargassum to halocarbon cycling around the North Atlantic gyre and in the Caribbean. The evaluation of the comprehensive data set collected during SO287-CONNECT improves our knowledge on the general role of the great Atlantic Sargassum belt and anthropogenic pollution in elemental biogeochemical cycles, as well as on trace gas exchange across the ocean-atmosphere interface.

This paper considers the importance of academic research projects regarding the integrated master’s degree in Architecture of the University of Beira Interior (UBI), Covilhã, Portugal. Evolution on architectural programs, due to the Bologna Process, oversaw the link between education and research in the young architect’s formation. At UBI, the future architect’s 10th semester (which is the final semester) comprises a dissertation which can be practical (a full design) or an academic research project (connecting theory and practice) as well as a full semester of Project design. A significative number of these final dissertations tackle academical research projects regarding the built heritage. These are interventions combining education and research, theory and practice, ideas, and designs. The Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture of UBI, its staff and students, have developed a concern regarding built heritage. Dissertation themes have focused on traditional aspects of Portuguese architecture and traditional building technologies. This paper brings to discussion a very specific case study. In fact, this reveals a new trend, and a new academic experience, achieved through the connection to the reality. The dissertation research design was being built while the dissertation was being carried out. The traditional Portuguese architecture of the so called "cubist" dwellings of Olhão in Algarve’s region (Portugal), and its traditional building technologies, are the core of the research which conducted to an architectural rehabilitation in Olhão. This kind of research project (linking education and reality) will endow young future architects’ specific skills. These skills are mainly about architectural rehabilitation, in connection with the History of Portuguese Architecture, Building Engineering Physics, traditional construction technologies, and local materials. This paper will tackle this research, focusing on objectives, methodologies, and results, which will be presented, and open to discussion, providing a debate on the results and experiences that outcome from the actual concretization through a real case of rehabilitation design of a “cubist” dwelling in Olhão.

The present work aims to characterize Ria Formosa water quality considering its spatial, and temporal variability at two scales: short-term (among seasons) and long-term to evaluate its evolution over the past 40 years, by comparing six historical datasets with data obtained in this study. To attain these goals, four field surveys under different seasons and/or weather conditions were conducted between 2017 and 2019 at seven sites along the Ria Formosa, covering the water bodies specified for this system. In situ measurements (temperature, salinity, pH and dissolved oxygen) and water sampling for determination of nutrients, chlorophyll a and suspended solids were taken every 2 h at each site, during complete semidiurnal tidal cycles. Moreover, these data were complemented with in situ data acquired at a high frequency (every 15 min) by a real time observational station deployed at an inner area, close to a main channel, where the anthmpogenic pressure is more intense. Data analysis clearly depict a spatial variability pattern along the Ria Formosa, as well as a temporal heterogeneity, influenced by the contribution of precipitation, sediments, wind and water exchanges with the adjacent ocean. Between sampling sites, the lowest variability of water quality parameters occurred at the boundary coastal station, at the main inlet, in permanent connection with the ocean, while the maximum variability was found at both the lagoon edges, mainly due to the shallowness of the water column. Temporally, the highest concentrations of nutrients were obtained during the Wet/rainy conditions survey, under the influence of runoff. The lowest concentrations of nutrients were attained during the Summer, except for phosphate, due to consumption by phytoplankton. Although the sampling frequency along time has been limited, Ria Formosa water quality data from the last 40 years shows a decreasing trend in nutrients concentration and a marginal increase of dissolved oxygen, suggesting a water quality improvement over time, in contrast with other coastal lagoons that are showing a water quality deterioration due to an increasing anthropogenic pressure. Altogether, these are relevant aspects to consider regarding Ria Formosa present and future management, including climate change and anthropogenic pressures susceptibility assessment and to use them within an international context by comparison with other similar systems. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

The pencil cardinal Epigonus denticulatus is a small deep-water fish inhabiting continental slopes usually between 300 m and 600 m depth. We report the first record of E. denticulatus in the Azores archipelago, where one specimen was found floating by fisherman off Faial island. Meristic and morphometric characters are in accordance with those reported for the species and molecular analyses further supported species identity. The record of E. denticulatus as a native species in the Azores, increases the number of Epigonus species in the region for a total of three. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

The ingestion of microplastics (MPs - plastic particles5 mm) by planktivorous organisms represents a significant threat to marine food webs. To investigate how seasonality might affect plastic intake in oceanic islands' ecosystems, relative abundances and composition of MPs and mesozooplankton samples collected off Madeira Island (NE Atlantic) between February 2019 and January 2020 were analysed. MPs were found in all samples, with fibres accounting for 89 % of the particles. MPs and zooplankton mean abundance was 0.262 items/m

Tese apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Doutor em Psicologia do Desenvolvimento,apresentada no ISPA - Instituto Universitário no ano de 2021 A perspetiva organizacional e hierárquica de desenvolvimento socioemocional (Sroufe, 2005; Sroufe et al., 2005) e a investigação longitudinal (e.g., Bornstein et al., 2010; Jones et al., 2015; Trentacosta & Fine, 2010) reconhecem a importância das competências socioemocionais desenvolvidas na infância para a adaptação futura. As potencialidades da intervenção na infância média (Lucas & Soares, 2013) e a necessidade de programas de prevenção universais de menor duração conduziram ao desenvolvimento d’O Mundo dos Intergalácticos. Esta dissertação teve como objetivos: (1) avaliar as perceções dos psicólogos portugueses acerca da aceitabilidade d’O Mundo dos Intergalácticos (estudo empírico I); e (2) avaliar os benefícios da participação n’O Mundo dos Intergalácticos ao nível da redução dos problemas emocionais e comportamentais e da promoção de competências socioemocionais, na perspetiva de pais, professores e crianças (estudos empíricos 2 e 3). O estudo empírico 1 envolveu 19 psicólogos que foram distribuídos em quatro grupos focais. A análise temática dedutiva conduzida por dois investigadores independentes revelou que os psicólogos portugueses percecionaram as dinâmicas, conteúdos e materiais como aceitáveis, sugerindo apenas modificações menores no sentido de: (1) maximizar a generalização de competências, (2) acompanhar os progressos das crianças ao longo do tempo, e (3) atender às especificidades desenvolvimentais e às barreiras práticas ao envolvimento de pais e professores durante a implementação do programa de intervenção. No estudo empírico 2, participaram 11 professores de 171 crianças com idades compreendidas entre os 8 e os 12 anos que preencheram o Teacher’s Report Form, antes e após os seus alunos participarem no novo programa de intervenção. Participaram ainda 43 mães de crianças com idades compreendidas entre os 8 e os 11 anos que completaram o Child Behavior Checklist, em momentos de avaliação análogos aos dos professores. Os resultados mostraram que os professores percecionaram uma redução de magnitude pequena ao nível da psicopatologia geral, dos problemas de internalização e outros problemas (sociais e de atenção) e uma melhoria de magnitude pequena ao nível do rendimento escolar e da felicidade das crianças do pré para o pós-teste. Por sua vez, as mães percecionaram uma redução ao nível da psicopatologia geral e dos problemas externalizantes do pré para o pós-teste. O estudo empírico 3 incluiu 95 crianças com idades compreendidas entre os 8 e os 12 anos, que preencheram a Escala de Depressão, Ansiedade e Stresse para Crianças e a escala Para mim é fácil. Os resultados mostraram que a participação no programa é percecionada como benéfica para a redução da sintomatologia psicopatológica e para a promoção das competências socioemocionais globais pelas crianças mais novas (8-9 anos) e mais velhas (10-12 anos) de ambos os sexos. Os resultados preliminares d’O Mundo dos Intergalácticos são promissores, quer no que se refere à sua aceitabilidade pelos profissionais que trabalham com o público-alvo, quer no que se refere aos seus benefícios, na perspetiva de diferentes informantes. The organizational and hierarchical perspective of socioemotional development (Sroufe, 2005; Sroufe et al., 2005) and longitudinal research (e.g., Bornstein et al., 2010; Jones et al., 2015; Trentacosta & Fine, 2010) recognize the importance of the socioemotional skills developed during childhood for future adaptation. The potentialities of intervention during middle childhood (Lucas & Soares, 2013) and the need for universal prevention programs of shorter duration led to the development of O Mundo dos Intergalácticos. This dissertation aimed to: (1) evaluate the perceptions of Portuguese psychologists about the acceptability of O Mundo dos Intergalácticos (empirical study I); and (2) assess the benefits of participation in O Mundo dos Intergalácticos in terms of reducing emotional and behavioral problems and promoting socioemotional skills, according to the perspectives of parents, teachers and children (empirical studies 2 and 3). Empirical study 1 involved 19 psychologists, who were distributed into four focus groups. Deductive thematic analysis conducted by two independent researchers revealed that Portuguese psychologists perceived the dynamics, contents and materials as acceptable, suggesting only minor modifications to: (1) maximize the generalization of skills, (2) monitor children's progress over time, and (3) address developmental specificities and practical barriers to parents’ and teachers’ involvement during the implementation of the intervention program. In empirical study 2, participants were 11 teachers of 171 children aged between 8 and 12 who completed the Teacher's Report Form, before and after their students participated in the new intervention program. Forty-three mothers of children aged between 8 and 11 years who completed the Child Behavior Checklist also participated in the study, in similar assessment times when compared with teachers. The results showed that the teachers perceived a decrease of small magnitude in general psychopathology, internalizing problems and other problems (social and attention) and an improvement of small magnitude in school performance and levels of happiness of children from pre to the post-test. Conversely, mothers perceived a decrease in general psychopathology and externalizing problems from pre to post-test. Empirical study 3 included 95 children aged 8-12 years, who completed the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale for Children and the Para Mim é Fácil Scale. The results showed that participation in the program is perceived as beneficial in decreasing psychopathological symptoms and promoting global socioemotional skills by younger (8-9 years) and older (10-12 years) children of both sexes. The preliminary results of O Mundo dos Intergalácticos are promising, concerning not only its acceptability by professionals working with the target audience, but also its benefits, from the perspective of different informants.

Elasmobranchs inhabiting depths beyond 200 m are extremely susceptible to overexploitation but are extracted by fisheries around the world either as target species or as bycatch. There is little information available to formulate management strategies to reduce elasmobranch-fishery interactions in the deep sea. In European Union waters, prohibiting the catches of deep-sea elasmobranchs has provided the necessary impetus to study by-catch avoidance of these threatened species. We used over 20 years of fisheries-independent and fisheries-dependent data to model the spatial distribution of 15 species of deep-sea elasmobranchs (12 sharks and 3 rays) captured frequently in the Exclusive Economic Zone of the Azores Archipelago (Mid-Atlantic Ridge) to explore spatial management to reduce unwanted catches of these species. We applied Generalised Additive Models to predict the probability of presence of 15 species, as well as the abundance of 6 of those species, within the Azores EEZ and neighbouring seamounts (up to 2000 m depth), using environmental and operational variables as predictors. Our results identified that depth is most influential in determining the distribution of these sharks and rays, in addition to seafloor topography. Distinctive bathymetric features such as seamounts and ridges were highlighted as areas where the probability of presence of the greatest number of species overlapped. Although not related to habitat, gear type influenced the capture probability of certain species, with the artisanal handline, gorazeira, having lower captures than bottom longline. Our results support using depth-based, area-based, and gear-based tactics to design management measures to reduce elasmobranch bycatch, for more sustainable deep-sea fisheries., SI

Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/ 10.1038/s41598-021-95996-3., Sequence data for UE2298/MS060 can be downloaded from the European Nucleotide Archive (accession number: PRJEB47085). Newly reported present-day mtDNA sequences are deposited into GenBank (MZ920249 - MZ921390). Additional requests should be addressed to: marina.silva@crick.ac.uk; gonzalo.oteo-garcia@hud. ac.uk; m.b.richards@hud.ac.uk., Historical records document medieval immigration from North Africa to Iberia to create Islamic al-Andalus. Here, we present a low-coverage genome of an eleventh century CE man buried in an Islamic necropolis in Segorbe, near Valencia, Spain. Uniparental lineages indicate North African ancestry, but at the autosomal level he displays a mosaic of North African and European-like ancestries, distinct from any present-day population. Altogether, the genome-wide evidence, stable isotope results and the age of the burial indicate that his ancestry was ultimately a result of admixture between recently arrived Amazigh people (Berbers) and the population inhabiting the Peninsula prior to the Islamic conquest. We detect differences between our sample and a previously published group of contemporary individuals from Valencia, exemplifying how detailed, small-scale aDNA studies can illuminate fine-grained regional and temporal differences. His genome demonstrates how ancient DNA studies can capture portraits of past genetic variation that have been erased by later demographic shifts-in this case, most likely the seventeenth century CE expulsion of formerly Islamic communities as tolerance dissipated following the Reconquista by the Catholic kingdoms of the north., We thank the Museo Municipal de Arqueologia y Etnologia de Segorbe for granting access to their collections and the Conselleria d'Educacio, Investigacio, Cultura i Esport de la Generalitat Valenciana for granting the permissions for the study. We thank Lara Cassidy, Valeria Mattiangeli and Dan Bradley for valuable advice and technical support. Part of this work was delivered via the BBSRC National Capability in Genomics and Single Cell Analysis (BBS/E/T/000PR9816) at Earlham Institute by members of the Genomics Pipelines and Core Bioinformatics Groups. We wish to acknowledge the use of the Orion High Performance Computing cluster at the School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield. M.S., G.O.G., A.Fi., P.J., M.G.B.F., K.D., B.Y. were supported by a Leverhulme Doctoral Scholarship awarded to M.B.R. and M.P. P.S., M.B.R., and M.P. acknowledge FCT (Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia) support through project PTDC/EPH-ARQ/4164/2014, partially funded by FEDER funds (COMPETE 2020 project 016899). P.S., A.Br., A.R. and T.R. acknowledge FCT support through project PTDC/SOC-ANT/30316/2017. P.S. acknowledges the "Contrato-Programa" UIDB/04050/2020 and contract CEECINST/0007772018 funded by FCT I.P. A.A., A.O., and A.T. acknowledge the support of the Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research for the projects "Dipartimenti di Eccellenza" Program (2018-2022) -Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani," University of Pavia and PRIN2017 20174BTC4R. The KORA research platform (KORA, Cooperative Research in the Region of Augsburg) was initiated and financed by the Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen -German Research Center for Environmental Health, which is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research and by the State of Bavaria. Furthermore, KORA research was supported within the Munich Center of Health Sciences (MC Health), LudwigMaximilians-Universitat, as part of LMUinnovativ.

Mestrado Bolonha em Gestão de Recursos Humanos Nos dias que correm, mediante a volatilidade existente no mercado de trabalho, a garantia de estabilidade e segurança nos empregos, em especial no caso dos jovens adultos graduados tem vindo a decrescer. No presente estudo foi analisada exclusivamente a geração Millennial, nomeadamente jovens adultos graduados que se encontram a trabalhar, focando fatores como a adaptabilidade de carreira, empregabilidade percebida, engagement no trabalho e insegurança no emprego. Com base numa metodologia quantitativa, os dados foram recolhidos através de questionário, tendo-se obtido um total de 216 respostas. Os resultados obtidos indicam que a adaptabilidade de carreira está positivamente relacionada com o engagement e, em simultâneo também apresenta um papel importante na empregabilidade percebida. A empregabilidade percebida, por sua vez, encontra-se positivamente relacionada com o engagement no trabalho. Já a insegurança no emprego, influencia de forma direta e negativa o engagement e a empregabilidade percebida, atuando inclusive como mediador sobre a relação entre empregabilidade percebida e o engagement no trabalho. Através deste estudo foi possível concluir que tanto a adaptabilidade de carreira como a empregabilidade percebida atuam como recursos essenciais nas carreiras dos jovens adultos graduados, visto que estes permitem gerir e planear as transições de carreira, em especial em ambientes e contextos caracterizados pela instabilidade e insegurança no emprego. Consequentemente, estes acabam também por influenciar o aumento de engagement no trabalho. Nowadays, due to the volatility in the labour market, the guarantee of stability and job security, especially for young adult graduates, has been decreasing. In the present study, the Millennial generation was analysed exclusively, more specifically young adult graduates, considering factors such as career adaptability, perceived employability, work engagement, and job insecurity. In view of the above, a quantitative methodology, data were collected via questionnaire, and a total of 216 responses were obtained. The results obtained indicate that career adaptability is positively related to engagement and simultaneously, also plays an important role in perceived employability. Perceived employability, in turn, is positively related to work engagement. Job insecurity, on the other hand, has a direct and negative influence on engagement and perceived employability, even acting as a mediator of perceived employability and work engagement. Through this study it was possible to conclude that both career adaptability and perceived employability act as essential resources in the careers of young adult graduates, since they allow them to manage and plan career transitions, especially in environments and contexts characterized by instability and job insecurity. Consequently, they also end up influencing the increase of work engagement. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Esta dissertação tem como foco a análise do projeto de tandem virtual “Tu cá, tu lá”. O projeto surge da necessidade que senti, enquanto docente de Português Língua Estrangeira, de proporcionar aos estudantes oportunidades de comunicação autêntica na língua alvo e desenvolveu-se com estudantes de duas instituições de ensino superior, nomeadamente o Ghana Institute of Languages, no Gana e a Universidade Pedagógica, em Moçambique. Ao longo deste trabalho descrevemos a conceptualização e implementação do projeto e fazemos a sua análise, com o objetivo de perceber de que forma este tipo de projeto pode contribuir para a aprendizagem de uma língua estrangeira. A pesquisa foi alicerçada teoricamente pelos dois conceitos centrais do projeto: a metodologia tandem e o m-learning. A metodologia tandem implica a interação direta entre pares, nos quais cada membro é nativo/fluente na língua que o outro quer aprender, com o objetivo de se apoiarem mutuamente na aprendizagem da língua-alvo de cada um. O m-learning, ou seja, a aprendizagem através da utilização de tecnologias móveis, foi adotado especialmente devido aos condicionalismos tecnológicos dos contextos do projeto, elegendo-se assim para meio de comunicação entre os pares a plataforma WhatsApp. A análise e discussão dos resultados do projeto foi realizada com dados provenientes de questionários respondidos pelos participantes bem como registos de conversas no WhatsApp e observações realizadas ao longo do projeto. A nossa pesquisa permitiu-nos concluir que o projeto teve sucesso e de forma geral houve bons níveis de envolvimento e participação por parte dos estudantes, apesar dos desafios enfrentados. Consideramos que foram razoavelmente cumpridos os objetivos específicos de aprendizagem a que o projeto se propôs, nomeadamente o desenvolvimento das competências linguísticas, das competências comunicativas interculturais e das competências de autonomia na aprendizagem. No entanto, em nenhuma destas áreas o projeto esgotou todos os seus potenciais de aprendizagem e, por isso, propomos alguns caminhos a seguir para que futuras edições do projeto, ou projetos semelhantes, possam levar ainda mais além o processo de aprendizagem de cada participante. This dissertation focuses on the analysis of the online tandem project “Tu cá, tu lá”. The project is born out of the need, that I’ve observed while teaching Portuguese as a Foreign Language, to provide the students with opportunities for authentic communication in their target language. It was conducted with students from two institutions of higher learning: Ghana Institute of Languages, in Ghana and Universidade Pedagógica, in Mozambique. Throughout this work we describe the development and implementation of the project and proceed to analyse it, with the goal of understanding in which ways this type of project can contribute to the learning of a foreign language. The research is built on the two central concepts in the project: the tandem methodology and m-learning. The tandem methodology is the direct interaction between a pair of students, with each student being a native/fluent speaker of the language that the other wants to learn. The goal here is for the students to support each other in the learning of their target language. M-learning – learning through mobile technologies – was adopted especially due to the technological constraints in the project environment. WhatsApp was therefore adopted as the communication platform between the participants. The analysis and discussion of the project’s results was based on data obtained from questionnaires to the participants as well as WhatsApp conversations, and observations throughout the project. Through our research, we determined that the project was successful and in general we observed good levels of involvement and participation by the students, despite the challenges faced. We consider the specific learning goals of the project (namely: the development of linguistic competencies, intercultural communication competencies and learning autonomy competencies) achieved. However, none of these areas reached their maximum learning potentials. As a result, we propose some pathways that the next editions of this project, or similar projects, can use to further the learning process of each participant.

Submitted by Maria Helena Ribeiro (helena.ribeiro@lisboa.ucp.pt) on 2021-09-20T14:36:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 152119226_Alexandra Tomás_DPDFA.pdf: 2450596 bytes, checksum: 1d064aeb4919db0b26f0db39a609a31c (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-09-20T14:36:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 152119226_Alexandra Tomás_DPDFA.pdf: 2450596 bytes, checksum: 1d064aeb4919db0b26f0db39a609a31c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021-01-26

Tese de mestrado em Biologia Molecular e Genética, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 2020 Submitted by Cristina Manessiez (camanessiez@fc.ul.pt) on 2021-05-12T17:54:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ulfc126243_tm_Patricia_Rodrigues.pdf: 3729485 bytes, checksum: 9a3d088848ad181e9c438aa03499679d (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-05-12T17:55:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ulfc126243_tm_Patricia_Rodrigues.pdf: 3729485 bytes, checksum: 9a3d088848ad181e9c438aa03499679d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020

O trabalho vem analisar o regime das cláusulas contratuais gerais e dos contratos de adesão e os aspetos jurídicos relevantes que a doutrina debate face ao tema em estudo. No sistema económico que vivemos atualmente, a liberdade contratual e a vontade das partes sofre adversidades, fica sujeita ao poder negocial e económico, ficando-se subjugado a poucas soluções legais e à escassez de alternativas. As condições gerais dos contratos levam, muitas vezes, a que os consumid ores e aderentes desconheçam as cláusulas que constituem o contrato, tornando-se assim alvo das cláusulas abusivas, advindo das potências económicas. A posição passiva dos aderentes face à supremacia económica da contraparte instiga a criação de mecanismos de justiça que impulsionem a tutela da parte mais frágil neste tipo de contratos. A boa-fé vem-se tornar um aliado face à utilização de cláusulas injustificadas e prejudiciais, criando um equilíbrio entre as partes, face ao negócio jurídico que estabelecem. Por vezes, a solução perante a utilização de cláusulas abusivas passa pela sua nulidade e proibição, não obstante em alguns casos, é admitido a redução do contrato, permitindo que o mesmo ainda subsista. Estes tipos de contratos tornaram-se quotidianos, fazem parte da sociedade, todavia, a mesma desconhece os seus direitos face aos mesmos, e vê-se numa posição de subjugação, de desequilíbrio entre as partes. Cabe ao direito criar defesas, formas preventivas, de uma certa forma proibitivas, que venham tutelar o aderente, enquanto parte mais fraca, e assim impedir a concretização de cláusulas proibidas, lutando para a concretização de negócios jurídicos equilibrados e harmoniosos.

Projeto de Intervenção apresentado à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para obtenção de grau de mestre em Didática da Língua Portuguesa Submitted by Rui Teófilo (ruit@eselx.ipl.pt) on 2019-04-29T10:33:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese MDLP_DanielaRibeiro.pdf: 3805295 bytes, checksum: b17b8447beac3f0f85cd9558e33147cb (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2019-04-29T10:33:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese MDLP_DanielaRibeiro.pdf: 3805295 bytes, checksum: b17b8447beac3f0f85cd9558e33147cb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-03-27 N/A

presente estudo avalia o uso mais eficiente da água em três edifícios residenciais do Norte de Portugal, propondo três cenários em cada caso de estudo para redução do consumo de água potável, e fazendo um estudo de viabilidade técnica e económica das soluções apresentadas. Inicialmente definiram-se os dispositivos de utilização que consomem mais água no seu funcionamento: autoclismos, chuveiros e torneiras de lavatório. Com isso, foram identificados certos consumos de água desnecessários e que podem ser solucionados com medidas de eficiência hídrica, recorrendo a dispositivos de utilização certificados pela Associação Nacional para a Qualidade nas Instalações Prediais e com classe de eficiência hídrica igual ou superior a “A”. Para abranger algumas possibilidades de soluções, foram elaborados três cenários idênticos para cada caso de estudo, sendo divididos em: substituição de autoclismos (cenários 1.1, 2.1 e 3.1), substituição de torneiras de lavatório e chuveiros (cenários 1.2, 2.2 e 3.2) e substituição de autoclismos, torneiras de lavatório e chuveiros (cenários 1.3, 2.3 e 3.3). Os cenários 1.3, 2.3 e 3.3, em termos de redução hídrica, são os mais viáveis, e apresentam uma redução do consumo de água de 39,8%, 29,5% e 23,9%, respetivamente. A aplicação destes cenários, fará sentido se for realizada uma candidatura à tipologia 5 do Programa de Apoio a Edifícios mais Sustentáveis, com uma comparticipação de 70% até 500,00 €, estimando-se que o investimento inicial venha a ser de 58,95 €, 58,95 €, 48,62 € e com tempos de retorno do investimento de 0,7; 2,7 e 2,8 anos, respetivamente. Com tudo isto, este trabalho permite concluir que apesar dos consumos de água nos edifícios residenciais estudados não serem elevados, ainda assim, o recurso a pequenas medidas de eficiência hídrica e uma potencial candidatura ao Programa de Apoio a Edifícios mais Sustentáveis, poderão ser uma mais-valia não só em termos de redução hídrica, mas também em termos económicos, com pequenas reduções no valor da fatura de água. The present study evaluates the most efficient use of water in three residential buildings in the North of Portugal, proposing three scenarios in each case study to reduce the consumption of potable water, and making a study of the technical and economic feasibility of the presented solutions. Initially, the devices that use the most water in their operation were defined: toilet flush, showers and taps. As a result, certain unnecessary water consumption was identified, which can be solved with water efficiency measures, using devices certified by the Associação Nacional para a Qualidade nas Instalações Prediais and with a water efficiency class equal to or greater than “A”. To cover some possibilities of solutions, three identical scenarios were elaborated for each case study, being divided into: replacement of toilet flush (scenarios 1.1, 2.1 and 3.1), replacement of taps and showers (scenarios 1.2, 2.2 and 3.2) and replacement of toilet flush, taps and showers (scenarios 1.3, 2.3 and 3.3). Scenarios 1.3, 2.3 and 3.3, in terms of water reduction, are the most viable, and show a reduction in water consumption of 39.8%, 29.5% and 23.9%, respectively. The application of these scenarios will make sense if is made an application to the typology 5 of the Programa de Apoio a Edifícios mais Sustentáveis, with a co-participation of 70% up to € 500.00, with an initial investment estimated of € 58.95, € 58.95, € 48.62 and with return times of 0.7; 2.7 and 2.8 years, respectively. With all this, this work allows us to conclude that although the water consumed in the residential buildings studied are not high, even so, the use of small measures of water efficiency and a potential application to the Programa de Apoio a Edifícios mais Sustentáveis, may be an added value not only in water terms but also economically, with small reductions in the water bill.

Submitted by Maria João Antunes (mariajoao@fd.ul.pt) on 2019-03-01T19:18:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ulfd136341_tese.pdf: 1183803 bytes, checksum: 310b1fa7cbcebe788ccb7eeac3896ff0 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2019-03-01T19:18:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ulfd136341_tese.pdf: 1183803 bytes, checksum: 310b1fa7cbcebe788ccb7eeac3896ff0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-11-09

Este artigo apresenta as principais conclusões de um estudo sobre os discursos de identidade de migrantes de duas vagas migratórias distintas: uma primeira chegada ao Reino Unido nas décadas de 80 e 90, menos escolarizada e com um modo de incorporação centrado na etnicidade; e outra, chegada depois de 2000, mais jovem e tendencialmente mais escolarizada que rejeita os modos de incorporação da geração anterior. Tem por base entrevistas realizadas a emigrantes portugueses residentes em Londres em 2016. This article presents the main conclusions of a study on migrant identity discourses of two distinct migratory waves: A first wave consideres the arrival of Portuguese emigrants into the United Kingdom in the 1980s and 1990s, with a lower level of schooling, and with a mode of incorporation centered on ethnicity; and another, coming after 2000, younger and with higher levels of schooling, that rejects the modes of incorporation of the previous generation. It is based on interviews with Portuguese emigrants living in London in 2016.

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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Arquitetura, com a especialização em Arquitetura apresentada na Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre. Através da observação do estado da cidade torna-se clara a quantidade de áreas urbanas que aguardam por uma reestruturação. A fragmentação do tecido urbano do Vale de Alcântara resulta do abandono das antigas estruturas industriais. Estes lugares constituem uma oportunidade para valorizar o património industrial. A antiga zona industrial surgiu neste contexto após o terramoto de 1755, acontecimento que marcou e potenciou o desenvolvimento e consequente transformação do panorama rural, que até então se vivia em Alcântara. A proposta desenvolvida propõe a consolidação do local entre a LX Factory e o terreno do grupo SIL, caracterizado como um vazio urbano e composto por edifícios de carácter patrimonial, e pretende destacar a memória do lugar. Uma premissa a ter em conta aquando do desenvolvimento do plano urbano é garantia de que um espaço público é devolvido às pessoas, dada a escassez de espaços públicos qualificados na cidade. O elemento, à escala arquitetónica, foca-se nas preexistências industriais da antiga fábrica da Sidul. A estratégia de requalificação procura elaborar formas de adaptação de novos volumes edificados à estrutura existente. É neste momento que este elemento constituinte do património industrial deixa de ser um constrangimento para a ampliação do edifício e passa a ser um elemento essencial na definição do lugar. O diálogo entre o passado e o presente é evidenciado através das materialidades e formas adotadas no decorrer do desenvolvimento desta intervenção. ABSTRACT: By observing the state of the city, it becomes clear the number of urban areas awaiting restructuring. The fragmentation of Alcântara valley’s urban fabric results from the abandonment of the old industrial structures. Thus, these places constitute an opportunity to prize industry’s heritage. The old industry area arises in the context after the 1755’s earthquake, an event that determined and enhanced the further development, as well as the subsequent transformation of the rural panorama lived in Alcântara until then. The developed proposal suggests the consolidation of the area between LX Factory and SIL group’s land. Characterised by urban emptiness and composed by patrimonial character’s buildings, the present proposal aims to emphasize the memory of this place. A premise to be taken into account throughout the development of the urban plan is the guarantee that a public space is returned to people, given the scarcity of qualified public spaces in the city. On the architectural scale, the element focuses on the old Sidul factory industrial pre-existences. The requalification strategy seeks to develop ways of adapting new volumes built to the existing structure. At this moment, this industrial heritage’s element ceases to be a constraint to the enlargement of the building, therefore becoming an essential asset in the local essence. A dialogue between the past and the present is evidenced through the materialities, as well as the forms adopted in the course of the development of this intervention. N/A

Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Arquitetura, com a especialização em Arquitetura apresentada na Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre. Submitted by Inês Monteiro (inesmonteiro@fa.ulisboa.pt) on 2019-02-21T16:41:08Z No. of bitstreams: 2 documento definitivo - escrito.pdf: 68308836 bytes, checksum: e698f50d67a417d65894d79ce5f675cb (MD5) documento definitivo - paineis (anexo).pdf: 550903112 bytes, checksum: 5441c9ff3cdf6360a5e8b5d0508bbc1d (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2019-02-21T16:41:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 documento definitivo - escrito.pdf: 68308836 bytes, checksum: e698f50d67a417d65894d79ce5f675cb (MD5) documento definitivo - paineis (anexo).pdf: 550903112 bytes, checksum: 5441c9ff3cdf6360a5e8b5d0508bbc1d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-07-24 N/A

Objectives: The aim of this study was to validate and determine the reliability of the Portuguese version of the Summated Xerostomia Inventory. Background: Many conditions such as head and neck radiation, autoimmune diseases or polypharmacy are characterised by hyposalivation which can affect oral and sys- temic quality of life. As such, this condition must be assessed, and the English version of the Xerostomia Inventory has been increasingly used to determine the severity of dry mouth perception. Materials and methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study, which employed volunteers suffering from hyposalivation after local ethical committee clearance. Each patient signed an informed consent and responded to the Portuguese version of the questionnaire in the form of an interview. This was repeated again after 2 weeks. A standard single question provided a validity check. Data were analysed using Cronbach's α to test its reliability and total and interitem correlation, and intraclass correlation to determine its internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Significance was set at .05. Results: A sample of 103 volunteers was recruited. Cronbach's α was .84 and .87 for the first and second test administrations, respectively. The intraclass correlation coef- ficient value for the test-retest reliability was .93, and scores for the individual items ranged from .79 to .90. The correlation between the total score of the questionnaire and standard single dry mouth question was .66, indicating a very good correlation. Conclusion: Demonstrating excellent psychometric properties, the Summated Xerostomia Inventory (Portuguese Version) is a valid tool for quantifying Xerostomia in a dry mouth-afflicted population.

The quarrying of marble, a well-known ornamental stone, has a substantial positive impact on Portugal's economy, but it also generates large environmental impacts. The amount of waste produced during quarrying can be as much as 80% of all stone/soil extracted. That waste is then dumped near the quarry, where it accumulates indiscriminately because a viable alternative for its disposal has not yet been found. In this context, solutions must be found that can transform this waste into a by-product and restore some of its economic value. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the influence of the replacement of primary aggregates (PA) with marble aggregates. No additions or admixtures were used, as those could change the fresh or hardened properties of the resulting concrete and disguise the influence of the replacement under study. This evaluation required the production of three concrete families. The conventional primary aggregates (PA; basalt, granite and limestone) were replaced in the three families by coarse marble aggregates (CMA) at ratios of 20%, 50% and 100% of the total volume of aggregates. These mixes were tested in the concrete's fresh state for workability and density and in its hardened state for compressive strength, water absorption by capillarity and immersion, carbonation and chloride penetration. The results indicate that there are no significant differences between a concrete produced using CMA and one made with PA in terms of durability, making the use of this waste as concrete aggregate perfectly feasible. The mechanical properties of the concrete made with CMA were assessed in the scope of concurrent work also performed at the Instituto Superior Tecnico (Lisbon, Portugal).

O Estágio Curricular II faz parte do plano de estudos do Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas que teve a duração total de 700 horas. Assim sendo, realizei esta parte da Unidade Curricular na Farmácia de Macieira em Macieira de Rates do Concelho de Barcelos. O Estágio tem como objetivo pôr em prática os conhecimentos adquiridos durante o curso, assim como a aquisição de novos conhecimentos de natureza prática e que permitam o estudante adquirir competências para o exercício da profissão Farmacêutica. Na Farmácia Comunitária é importante ter a perceção do papel relevante que o farmacêutico desempenha, assim como do funcionamento da farmácia e da relação Farmacêutico-Utente. Durante o Estágio foram observadas e desenvolvidas todas atividades características do dia-a-dia de uma Farmácia Comunitária, desde a receção, aprovisionamento, atendimento ao público e procedimentos de faturação. Desenvolvi ainda um trabalho complementar na Farmácia de Macieira no âmbito desta unidade curricular sobre a Higiene Oral.

Introdução: A diversidade de requisitos na inscrição nos infantários e a variabilidade de conduta perante um caso de doença são situações comuns. Objetivos: Conhecer as práticas dos infantários do distrito de Leiria, relativas ao processo de inscrição e à atuação em caso de doença. Comparar os resultados entre creches e jardins de infância, instituições privadas e públicas e avaliar a conformidade com a legislação em vigor. Métodos: Estudo analítico transversal, que decorreu de novembro 2013 a fevereiro 2014, com colheita de dados através da aplicação de um questionário anónimo e confidencial, dirigido ao responsável de cada instituição. O tratamento estatístico foi realizado no SPSS 20.0® (α, Portuguese Journal of Pediatrics, Vol. 47 No. 2 (2016)

Background and aims: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and venous thromboembolism (VTE) are vascular traits sharing common modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. These vascular pathologies have known nuclear-encoded genetic risk factors and the mitochondrial DNA may account for part of the missing heritability. To determine if PAD and VTE have a dual genetic control (mitochondrial and nuclear), we hereby investigated the association of mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms and haplogroups with these vascular traits.Methods: The association of mitochondrial single nucleotide polymorphisms (mtSNPs) and haplogroups was tested in 1652 PAD cases and 1629 controls from the eMERGE PAD genome-wide association study (GWAS), and 1241 VTE cases and 1278 controls from the GENEVA GWAS of venous thrombosis (dbGaP accession numbers phs000203. v1. p1 and phs000289. v2. p1, respectively).Results: 66 and 72 mtSNPs passed quality control filters and were tested for association with PAD and VTE, respectively. Significant evidence of population stratification could not be detected in both datasets. Three mtSNPs (m. 477T > C, m. 9667A > G, and m. 10915T > C) were nominally associated (3.01 x 10(-3) A was nominally associated (pa = 4.14 x 10(-2)) with VTE. None of the nine major mitochondrial haplogroups were associated with either PAD or VTE.Conclusion: Unlike other vascular diseases such as stroke and diabetes, these results suggest that common mitochondrial variants individually or in combination do not play a major role in PAD and VTE susceptibility. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Innate immune signaling is critical for the development of protective immunity. Such signaling is, perforce, tightly controlled. Lipoxins (LXs) are eicosanoid mediators that play key counterregulatory roles during infection. The molecular mechanisms underlying LX-mediated control of innate immune signaling are of interest. In this study, we show that LX and aspirin (ASA)-triggered LX (ATL) inhibit innate immune signaling by inducing suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) 2–dependent ubiquitinylation and proteasome-mediated degradation of TNF receptor–associated factor (TRAF) 2 and TRAF6, which are adaptor molecules that couple TNF and interleukin-1 receptor/Toll-like receptor family members to intracellular signaling events. LX-mediated degradation of TRAF6 inhibits proinflammatory cytokine production by dendritic cells. This restraint of innate immune signaling can be ablated by inhibition of proteasome function. In vivo, this leads to dysregulated immune responses, accompanied by increased mortality during infection. Proteasomal degradation of TRAF6 is a central mechanism underlying LX-driven immune counterregulation, and a hitherto unappreciated mechanism of action of ASA. These findings suggest a new molecular target for drug development for diseases marked by dysregulated inflammatory responses.

Relatório da Prática de Ensino Supervisionada, Mestrado em Ensino do Português no 3º ciclo do Ensino Básico e Ensino Secundário e de Espanhol nos Ensinos Básico e Secundário, Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto de Educação, 2016 Submitted by Biblioteca FPIE-ULisboa (bibliorul@fpie.ulisboa.pt) on 2017-05-11T09:25:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ulfpie051315_tm.pdf: 5144627 bytes, checksum: 8613bc4ba9779d61ce35896bf1b75f29 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-11T09:26:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ulfpie051315_tm.pdf: 5144627 bytes, checksum: 8613bc4ba9779d61ce35896bf1b75f29 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016

Submitted by Maria Helena Ribeiro (helena.ribeiro@lisboa.ucp.pt) on 2020-01-29T10:08:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertaçao - Versao Final - Patrícia Ganhao.pdf: 740873 bytes, checksum: 53cecf93c8cefa3fe0caf2f473c5cd75 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Maria Helena Ribeiro (helena.ribeiro@lisboa.ucp.pt) on 2020-01-29T10:08:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertaçao - Versao Final - Patrícia Ganhao.pdf: 740873 bytes, checksum: 53cecf93c8cefa3fe0caf2f473c5cd75 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2020-01-29T10:08:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertaçao - Versao Final - Patrícia Ganhao.pdf: 740873 bytes, checksum: 53cecf93c8cefa3fe0caf2f473c5cd75 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-06

The presence of Africans in Britain has been recorded since Roman times, but has left no apparent genetic trace among modern inhabitants. Y chromosomes belonging to the deepest-rooting clade of the Y phylogeny, haplogroup (hg) A, are regarded as African-specific, and no examples have been reported from Britain or elsewhere in Western Europe. We describe the presence of an hgA1 chromosome in an indigenous British male; comparison with African examples suggests a Western African origin. Seven out of 18 men carrying the same rare east-Yorkshire surname as the original male also carry hgA1 chromosomes, and documentary research resolves them into two genealogies with most-recent-common-ancestors living in Yorkshire in the late 18th century. Analysis using 77 Y-short tandem repeats (STRs) is consistent with coalescence a few generations earlier. Our findings represent the first genetic evidence of Africans among 'indigenous' British, and emphasize the complexity of human migration history as well as the pitfalls of assigning geographical origin from Y-chromosomal haplotypes.

The DAZ gene, a contributing factor in infertility, lies on the human Y chromosome's AZFc region, whose deletion is a common cause of spermatogenic failure. Y chromosome binary polymorphisms on the non-recombining Y (NRY) region, believed to be a single occurrence on an evolutionary scale, were typed in a sample of fertile and infertile men with known DAZ backgrounds. The Y single-nucleotide polymorphisms (Y-SNPs) with low mutation rates are currently well characterized and permit the construction of a unique phylogeny of haplogroups. DAZ haplotypes were defined using single-nucleotide variant (SNV)/sequence tagged-site (STS) markers to distinguish between the four copies of the gene. The variation of 10 Y chromosome short tandem repeat (STRs) was used to determine the coalescence age of DAZ haplotypes in a comparable time frame similar to that of SNP haplogroups. An association between DAZ haplotypes and Y chromosome haplogroups was found, and our data show that the DAZ gene is not under selective constraints and its evolution depends only on the mutation rate. The same variants were common to fertile and infertile men, although partial DAZ deletions occurred only in infertile men, suggesting that those should only be used as a tool for infertility diagnosis when analysed in combination with haplogroup determinations.

This work reports on the synthesis of CrO2 thin films by atmospheric pressure CVD using chromium trioxide (CrO3) and oxygen. Highly oriented (100) CrO2 films containing highly oriented (0001) Cr2O3 were grown onto Al2O3(0001) substrates. Films display a sharp magnetic transition at 375 K and a saturation magnetization of 1.92 µB/f.u., close to the bulk value of 2 µB/f.u. for the CrO2.

A total of 553 Y-chromosomes were analyzed from mainland Portugal and the North Atlantic Archipelagos of Acores and Madeira, in order to characterize the genetic composition of their male gene pool. A large majority (78-83% of each population) of the male lineages could be classified as belonging to three basic Y chromosomal haplogroups, R1b, J, and E3b. While R1b, accounting for more than half of the lineages in any of the Portuguese sub-populations, is a characteristic marker of many different West European populations, haplogroups J and E3b consist of lineages that are typical of the circum-Mediterranean region or even East Africa. The highly diverse haplogroup E3b in Portuguese likely combines sub-clades of distinct origins. The present composition of the Y chromosomes in Portugal in this haplogroup likely reflects a pre-Arab component shared with North African populations or testifies, at least in part, to the influence of Sephardic Jews. In contrast to the marginally low sub-Saharan African Y chromosome component in Portuguese, such lineages have been detected at a moderately high frequency in our previous survey of mtDNA from the same samples, indicating the presence of sex-related gene flow, most likely mediated by the Atlantic slave trade.

The Y-chromosome haplogroup composition of the population of the Cabo Verde Archipelago was profiled by using 32 single-nucleotide polymorphism markers and compared with potential source populations from Iberia, west Africa, and the Middle East. According to the traditional view, the major proportion of the founding population of Cabo Verde was of west African ancestry with the addition of a minor fraction of male colonizers from Europe. Unexpectedly, more than half of the paternal lineages (53.5%) of Cabo Verdeans clustered in haplogroups I, J, K, and R1, which are characteristic of populations of Europe and the Middle East, while being absent in the probable west African source population of Guiné-Bissau. Moreover, a high frequency of J* lineages in Cabo Verdeans relates them more closely to populations of the Middle East and probably provides the first genetic evidence of the legacy of the Jews. In addition, the considerable proportion (20.5%) of E3b(xM81) lineages indicates a possible gene flow from the Middle East or northeast Africa, which, at least partly, could be ascribed to the Sephardic Jews. In contrast to the predominance of west African mitochondrial DNA haplotypes in their maternal gene pool, the major west African Y-chromosome lineage E3a was observed only at a frequency of 15.9%. Overall, these results indicate that gene flow from multiple sources and various sex-specific patterns have been important in the formation of the genomic diversity in the Cabo Verde islands.

Histoplasma capsulatum is a fungus found intracellularly in neutrophils and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), suggesting that it is capable of evading damage and survives inside these cells. In this study, we report that neutrophils from H. capsulatum-infected mice, and human neutrophils and mononuclear cells exposed to H. capsulatum presented less apoptosis than those from noninfected animals or cells exposed to medium only. Moreover, cells harvested from infected animals are resistant to apoptosis induced by dexamethasone - a proapoptotic stimulant. We also show that neutrophils harvested from infected mice and PBMCs from humans exposed to the fungus had a greatly decreased Mac-1 expression. We conclude that H. capsulatum induces an antiapoptotic state on leucocytes, which correlates with decreased cell-surface Mac-1 expression. These facts may represent an escape mechanism for the fungus by delaying cell death and allowing the fungus to survive inside leucocytes.