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The aim of the present paper is to approach the matter of water quality by resorting to the metod of multicriterial mathematical programming. MicrosoftExcel enables the simulation of a mathematical model. Furthermore, we have also created a file in the C++ software, in view of the simulation process, applicable to numberless properties of water quality. The case study presents the simulation of a multicriterial analysis of water quality in Sibiu county. This particular study shows the means of obtaining more information about water quality, subsequent to the analysis of its characteristics resorting to statistical analysis-specific software, e.g. SPSS 16 software. Given the increase of drinking water worldwide by tens of percentage points in cca two decades, the author(s) consider(s) that an approach to the quality management of drinking water should represent a key priority of society.

Pandemics have always posed a great problem in the history of the world, leading to fatal dangers, which is why mathematicians have been challenged to bring their contribution to the management of pandemics, by applying their theoretical paradigms in describing, studying, and forecasting their evolution. Compartmental models, i.e. exponential systems, have been remarkable for studying the spread of epidemics. This paper has three objectives: to purpose a generalization of the SEIRV (Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Recovered-Vaccinated) model for studying the spread of an epidemics and simulation; to present conditions of existence for a solution to the purposed generalized SEIRV model, and to calculate the reproduction number in certain state conditions of the analyzed dynamic system. The conclusions are that, generally, mathematical models with many parameters can be used to forecast epidemics with better accuracy, also, the elements from the theory of fixed points for multivalued operators can be used for the analysis of epidemics.

Technology and the use of software in the educational process are becoming increasingly more important in recent times. This article aims to demonstrate how to use the program Maple to solve some mathematical problems and in the process of teaching mathematics. This program isn't only a computing environment, but also a useful tool for teachers and students, for lectures, training, projects, etc. The author presents how Maple can be used to calculate some trigonometric polynomials and how to create some graphical representations in this program. Trigonometric polynomials and Fourier trigonometric series are tools of numerical methods and mathematical analysis and are used by engineers in the numerical processing of electric signals and images. Calculating the coefficients of trigonometric polynomials with traditional methods could take a long time, which is why programs such as Maple could help students, professors, engineers, etc. to calculate them faster. There are multiple programs (Derive, MathCad, Mathematica, SPSS, WinQSB, GeoGebra, C++, Python, Maxima, Scilab, Axiom, Geometer's Sketchpad, TKSolver, Bertini, MuPAD, CoCoA, Macaulay2, SageMath, Singular, Simulink, GraphThing, Graph Interface(GRIN), Delphi, Java, etc.) specialized in solving mathematical problems, however, in this article, the author has chosen Maple as an example of a program with a very wide academic distribution. The author created new abstract examples, aiming to contribute to the specialty literature by creating new examples of how to use Maple. The article recommends the use of Maple and other related programs for assisted instruction in the teaching and learning of mathematics, for particular cases of numerical methods and graphs respectively; and notes the need for the education system to integrate blended teaching and learning methods, in which computer programs are used together with traditional teaching methods, to improve the teaching process for mathematics.

Analysis of the role and implications of the funds coming from the European Union have on the national economy is very complex and complicated at the same time, because of the multitude of issues and indicators that this process shapes and drives, depending on the source of funding, the modality of funding and on the destination for which it has been allocated. Using mathematical models to assess the impact of European funding on the national economy is paramount valuable as it brings important information that can be used by policy makers in decision making sewage inputs and financial resources, in view of adopting optimal economic policy

The fixed point theory is essential to various theoretical and applied fields, such as variational and linear inequalities, the approximation theory, nonlinear analysis, integral and differential equations and inclusions, the dynamic systems theory, mathematics of fractals, mathematical economics (game theory, equilibrium problems, and optimisation problems) and mathematical modelling. This paper presents a few benchmarks regarding the applications of the fixed point theory. This paper also debates if the results of the fixed point theory can be applied to the mathematical modelling of quality.

The scientific substantiations of quality have been applied to models that pertain to mathematical statistics, the probability theory, the information theory, fuzzy systems, graphic methods, time series, and algebraic and numerical methods. To these, this article aims to present a new method of applying mathematical modelling in an economy based on knowledge, by using the concept of the definite integral, the composite function, and mathematical optimisation. The research methods used in the realisation of this article are bibliographic research, creation of new models, and problem-solving. Mathematical modelling, the simulation of the quality of life, etc. are methods and techniques of both theoretical and practical scientific approach, which are likely to lead to a better understanding of the role of quality in this field, as well as leading to the sustainable development of quality by providing new practical solutions to achieve a quality, always superior to the one obtained previously. In this article, the author presents some personal contributions to the scientific approach to quality, through modelling and simulation of the quality of life, and management of the quality of life in an economy based on knowledge.

Using the concept of w-distance we will investigate some existence, uniqueness and Ulam-Hyers stability results for fixed point problems concerning ?-?-weakly contractive operators. Starting at the results of P. Amiri, S. Rezapour, N. Shahzad [1] the presented theorems extend and generalize several results concerning a w-distance.

The goal of the present study is to increase the intelligibility of macroeconomic phenomena triggered by governmental intervention in economy by means of fiscal policies. During cyclical movements, fiscal policy can play an important role in order to help stabilise the economy. But discretionary policy usually implies implementation lags and is not automatically reversed when economic conditions change. In contrast, automatic fiscal stabilisers (SFA) ensure a prompter, and self-correcting fiscal response. The present study aims to tackle the topic of discretionary vs nondiscretionary characteristic of fiscal stabilisers (SF). In this context, the scope of the research undertaking is to launch a scientific debate over the definitions of the concepts of non-automatic fiscal stabilisers (SfnA) and SFAs. We describe how we can quantify the discretionary and non-discretionary character of the fiscal policy, by the analysis of the structure of the conventional budget balance (SBc), budget balance associated with the current GDP. In the final part of this article, we propose a quantitative equilibrium model for establishing the mathematical prerequisites for an SF to become automatic. Likewise, on the basis of the proposed mathematical model we have performed a qualitative analysis of the influence factors.

It is known that for the scientific substantiation of quality management have been applied models that pertain to mathematical statistics, the probability theory, the information theory, fuzzy systems, graphic methods, time series, and algebraic and numerical methods. The models are designed to identify certain flaws and to prevent failures, but also to develop goals based on the implementation of the proposed solutions. The models are recommendations for the identification of opportunities to improve the quality management of human resource training and to make changes in the attitudes and actions performed by the management of organizations. This paper sets forth a new result that use the concept of global indicator.

The aim of this paper is to present aspects of mathematical modeling for the hierarchization of study programs from universities, based on several quality characteristics. The tools used pertain to multicriterial optimization, to the different methods of assessing importance coefficients, to the utility theory, the fuzzy formalism, and to the fuzzy simple additive weighting method. The conclusion is that multicriterial decision-making methods can be efficiently used in assessing the quality of study programs, noting that, just like other methods from the decision theory, the multicriterial decision-making methods highlight aspects of problems differently, therefore, there can be no comparison or competitiveness between them, and choosing one over the other is up to the decision-maker.

The quality of services in the local public administration in Romania is a subject of high actuality in the context of the ever changing modern society, of making activities more efficient, aligning them to the international standards of democracy foundation in Romania (Androniceanu , in Noutaţi in managementul public, 1992; Baltador, in Managementul capacitaţii admininistrative in administraţia publica locala, 2005; Comsa, in Masurarea performanţei municipiilor resedinţa de judeţ din România in furnizarea serviciilor publice locale in perioada 2003–2005, 2006; Raboca, in Masurarea satisfacţiei clienţilor serviciilor publice, 2008). The mathematical modelling can be used successfully in this field too, at least through the quantifications that can be done with the help of the aggregated indicators. The scope of the article is to identify, describe and evaluate the services quality indicators in the local public administration and mathematical models in a society based on optimal communication of institutions with the citizens and to propose solutions in order to prevent and limit deficiencies in this communication. The research models were: the management theory, mathematical modelling and simulation. The results are made out of two global indicators for the quantification of the services quality in the local public administration, from justifying their composition by using the multi-criteria optimization and the simulation example in the SPSS16 software, for the statistical analysis of the defined indicators. The two types of global indicators that are proposed for quantifying the quality of the services in the local public administration can be used for both precise analysis, as well as estimations regarding the evolution of the quality level within the mentioned services or for establishing conclusions and measure plans regarding improving the quality of services in the local public administration. The scientific foundation of quality and quality management in the field of services in the local public administration together with an application of a study represent another part of this scientific paper. Using the group of quality indicators and the SWOT analysis previously proposed, by dividing this group into sub-groups corresponding to the four components of the Deming cycle, it was created and proposed a mathematical programming solution, which offers an optimal solution for the evaluation and improvement of services in the local public administration.

The main purpose of this paper is efficiency analysis as well as its quantification in the case of emerging capital markets, by building a new measure of market efficiency. The basic assumption of such markets is the lack of correlation between returns, and therefore the existence of low entropy, the lack of randomness, manifestation of fractality and long-term memory, integrated into a single measure, will indicate the distancing from the state of efficient market. This paper proposes five different estimates (for informational entropy, run test, Hurst exponent, long-term correlation coefficient and fractal dimension) to construct a new measure of market efficiency based on a deviation from the ideal state (expressed by the efficient market). The Capital Market Efficiency Exponent is estimated for nine emerging capital markets and, for comparison, for three developed capital markets, at different stages of development over a 16-year time span.

The process of quality management consists of several stages defined by specific verbs. Some experts have named the stages after the following verbs[1,2,3]: to forecast and to plan, to organize, to direct, to control (Fayol), to plan, to do, to check, to act (Deming); to design, to implement, to manufacture, to deliver; to design, to supply, to control, to assess; to develop, to inspect, to control, to improve or to enhance; to establish quality policies and quality objectives, to establish strategies for quality planning, to determine strategies for quality control, to establish quality assurance policies, to establish policies in the field of quality improvement. In this work we will show that a model of improving the quality management process could be defined starting from the following verbs: to identify needs, to program, to construct, to verify. We will also define a new quality indicator in the Oprean-Bucur model. We applied the models for a course of the Faculty of Engineering from Sibiu, Romania.

The paper proposes the detailing of the concept of "Research School", which encourage the maximization of the performance, both in the doctoral studies and also in the scientific research. The multi-criteria programming is used for the classification of the Romanian Research Schools in the field of engineering sciences. The application, realized through the method of multi-criteria programming in the field of evaluation and ranking of the research schools, will highlight that an optimum decision may be made through modelling and simulation in this field, with the information provided by Microsoft Excel, regarding the selection of a research school as being the closest to performance or excellence, and also regarding the ranking of the research schools. REFERENCES 1. European Commision, EUR 24187, 2010, Assessing Europes's University - Based Research - Expert Group on

Global macro economical context, forced the researchers and organization from food industry, to focus more on identifying and developing of new alternative methods that might lead to a good performance in crisis conditions. These new methods aim a cost optimization, reduction of the environmental impact and the increase of customer satisfaction, while all the organizations pursue the sustainability of their own business.The method presented in this paper, confirms the efforts of the researchers and organizations in food industry. In this study, food quality was defined throughout attributive and quantitative dimensions in order to establish a correlation between them. Sensory method it is proposed as an alternative in the educational system with the purpose of training the future specialists for sustainable development of the society.

The relationship between the degree of taxation, the activity of firms and the performance measured by the ability to achieve positive results and to ensure a financial equilibrium has been an important issue in the debate in a great deal of research, but in most of them, the analyses were reported according to a set of factors (inclusive the fiscal degree). This paper comprises an empirical investigation to identify the effects of the degree of taxation on financial stability and the balance of enterprises. An analysis of the degree of taxation and of the economic growth rate in Romania was made in the first part, and, after that, empirical analyzes were conducted on how the volume of taxes, the capital structure and other indicators influences the level of value added as well as the volume of fiscal pressure and the duration of payment of tax liabilities. Using data on the level of macroeconomic taxation, as well as information on financial equilibrium indicators at the level of some representative companies in the field of rubber and plastic processing listed on the stock exchange, a model of the existing relationships between a series of indicators related to financial equilibrium and economic growth rate, fiscal pressure and profitability was produced, using statistical analyses based upon multiple regressions and simulations in SPSS software. The main conclusions show that taxes and fees influence the financial positions of firms by changes in the volume and structure of the capital used, the level of profit/loss, as well as financial equilibrium, at the level of solvency and liquidity. Also, the results extend the understanding of the importance the tax administration in creating added value, ensuring financial equilibrium and good performance in the context of the sustainable development of companies.

The aim of the present study is to define quality entropy as well as to illustrate some of its properties. The simulation of the mathematical model for quality entropy shall be performed by means of specialized software for mathematical problem simulation, such as Microsoft Excel that we have employed for this particular study. Our aim is to prove that quality entropy may be expanded to the notions of Markov source of quality and Bernoulli source of quality, by analogy with the Markov and Bernoulli sources employed in information theory. Likewise, the present study delineates some aspects regarding tolerance to quality entropy. The subject of entropy and its application of the management of quality has been approached by other authors as well (Dinu and Voda, Revista Calitatea-acces la succes, anul 8(4): 60–61, 2007; Dinu, Revista Calitatea-acces la succes, anul 8(5): 62–63, 2007; Georgescu-Roegen, Legea Entropiei si Procesul Economic, 1979; Stamatiu, Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Quality, Reability and Maintainabilty, 2000; Stamatiu, Proceeding of the 18th International Conference on Quality, Reliability and Maintainability, 2002). Through our transdisciplinary approach, we would like to contribute to the development of this subject.

In this paper we present an optimization problem solving, problem that is mathematically shaped as a linear programming problem. This is made with the purpose of finding an optimal solution which is also a sustainable one. In the present and future society, it is clear that nothing can be done honestly, but only in the sense of a professional and sustainable thinking (Konrad, C., 2011, pp.202-217, Petrescu, I., 2006, p.1). To think sustainable can also mean “to be calculated”, in popular language “to choose wisely”, all for achieving the proposed project, being careful to using non-renewable resources, to pollution, to protection for human resource, etc. Of course that the logical and precise language of Mathematics can help us formulate these issues as rigorous as possible. The problem addressed in this article was simulated in WinQSB software.

The xylanases are widely used in breadmaking with positive effects on bread quality but how they act in doughs is not fully understand yet. The aim of this study is to determine how different xylanolytic preparations modify the rheology of dough prepared from low and high extraction flours and the correlation between the rheological changes induced in dough and the viscosity and xylan content of flour extracts. Four flours, two white and two black, and three xylanolytic preparation was used in study. The rheological characteristics of dough were measured with the Extensograph. The xylan content and viscosity of flour extracts with xylanase were determined. In doughs from white flours xylanases increased the energy, maximum resistance and extensibility while in doughs from black flours decreased the energy and maximum resistance and increased the extensibility. The extensographic effects of xylanases were compared with their capacity to modify the viscosity and xylan content of aqueous flours extracts. The changes of extensographic indicators are well correlated with the changes of xylan content of extracts for white flour while for black flour correlations were observed with the changes of extracts viscosity. The capacity of xylanases to modify the viscosity of extract and convert the insoluble xylans in soluble xylans could be used to predict the performance of xylanases.

The aim of the paper is the study of the fine spectre for a class of Cesaro generalized operators, Rhaly operators, when those operators are defined on the spaces lp, p > 1.

In this paper we have synthetized more geometric inequalities at which we can give unconventional solutions. The applications and some solutions are selected from the bibliography attached to this paper. We consider that the solutions that we can give to the presented inequalities are interesting and can be used also in other cases. The applications are divided into three categories. For the first category will be used Jensen’ s inequality. For second class, will transform the inequalities in optimization problems with restrictions. And to the third category, will be used in the proofs, the vectorial calculation. 47-57 amelia.bucur@ulbsibiu.ro lopezbjl@mexico.com

This paper is an application of paper Oprean and Bucur (Qual Quant 47(6):3403–3409, 2013) in which we defined, modeled and simulated the quality entropy of a product, service or process at the time point “t”. The application refers to the analysis of the quality entropy of academic programs of study considered fundamental, and that we have defined as “key programs of study”.

The evaluation of the quality and quantity of research results in higher education, both at an institutional and an individual level, has become a must in today’s competitive environment. Universities use sets of indicators validated at national or international level, in order to measure research results and to set goals, but sometimes they need specific systems that are more appropriate in order to reach their strategic objectives. Based on the system of evaluation used by a Romanian medium-sized university, in the first part of the case study from this article, it is mathematically proven that the measurement itself has a great impact on the research results’ dynamics because of the changing behaviour of the academic staff. The model could be applied and customized to any set of indicators used by different universities, and our results prove that a good set of indicators could be a useful tool to increase research performance and to achieve specific goals and strategic objectives in universities. In the second part of the case study, we tried to answer the following question: From a set of indicators used to quantify research activity in higher education, which ones are critical indicators? In order to find an answer to this question, we used the topic of hierarchization of the research indicators in higher-education as a multiple-criteria decision-making problem. The criteria used in the case study are funding from the state budget and from other sources, and national and international visibility of the research results.