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The interplay of topology, magnetism, and correlations gives rise to intriguing phases of matter. In this study, through state-of-the-art angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, density functional theory, and dynamical mean-field theory calculations, we visualize a fourfold degenerate Dirac nodal line at the boundary of the bulk Brillouin zone in the antiferromagnet YMn2Ge2. We further demonstrate that this gapless, antiferromagnetic Dirac nodal line is enforced by the combination of magnetism, space-time inversion symmetry, and nonsymmorphic lattice symmetry. The corresponding drumhead surface states traverse the whole surface Brillouin zone. YMn2Ge2 thus serves as a platform to exhibit the interplay of multiple degenerate nodal physics and antiferromagnetism. Interestingly, the magnetic nodal line displays a d-orbital dependent renormalization along its trajectory in momentum space, thereby manifesting Hund's coupling. Our findings offer insights into the effect of electronic correlations on magnetic Dirac nodal lines, leading to an antiferromagnetic Hund nodal line.

The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of freeze treatment on the binding characteristics of fillets to flavor substances in fish soup with pickled mustard greens. The study focused on the effects of freeze-thaw treatment and freeze storage on the physicochemical properties of snakehead myofibrillar protein and its binding characteristics to hexanal, octanal, linalool and myrcene. The results showed that after 7 days of storage, the solubility of myofibrillar protein decreased by about 26% in the freeze-thaw group. Compared with the freeze storage group, the oxidation degree and tertiary structural changes of myofibrillar protein were higher and more soluble aggregates were formed in the freeze-thaw group. The solubility of myofibrillar protein decreased by about 33% in the freeze storage group, which showed a more significant decrease compared to the freeze-thaw treatment (P < 0.05), resulting in more insoluble aggregates. The major force for the aggregation of myofibrillar proteins after freezing was non-covalent bonding. Molecular docking results indicated that linalool, hexanal and octanal could bind to myofibrillar proteins through hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds, while the major driving force for the binding of myrcene to myofibrillar proteins was hydrophobic interaction. Freeze treatment reduced the binding capacity of hexanal and octanal to sulfhydryl groups in myofibrillar proteins through hydrogen bonds, improved the surface hydrophobicity of myofibrillar proteins, but increased the binding ability of myrcene and linalool to myofibrillar proteins. Freeze-thaw treatment increased the binding capacity of myofibrillar proteins to myrcene compared with freeze storage treatment. The results of this research provide a theoretical basis and reference for flavor control of frozen prepared fish soup with pickled mustard greens.

In this research, high-strength stainless steel (HSSS) wires with ECC were used to strengthen the RC columns to take full advantage of two reinforcement materials and increase the ductility, load-carrying capacity, and durability of strengthened columns. To study strengthened columns’ properties under large eccentric compression, seven specimens were devised and examined with various strengthening schemes, initial eccentricity, and reinforcement ratios of longitudinal HSSS wires. The experimental results showed a significant improvement in the performances of RC columns strengthened with HSSS wire-ECC than those RC columns strengthened only with ECC. These improvements included higher load-carrying capacity, better flexibility, excellent cracking control, satisfactory failure patterns, etc. Specifically, the RC column SCH4–0.3 reinforced with HSSS wire-ECC showed an increase in cracking load and peak load by 129.6 % and 120.4 %, respectively, compared to the original reinforced concrete column (ORC). Additionally, compared to the ECC-reinforced RC column, SCH4–0.3 showed increases of 34.8 % and 67.2 % in cracking load and peak load, respectively. In addition, the ductility of RC columns reinforced with HSSS wire-ECC (SCH3–0.4, SCH4–0.4, and SCH5–0.4) was increased by 53 %-78 % compared with ORC columns. Moreover, the cracking and peak loads of the RC column SCH4–0.3 reinforced with HSSS wire-ECC were 129.6 % and 120.4 % higher than those of the ORC column, and 34.8 % and 67.2 % greater than those of the ECC- ECC-strengthened RC column, respectively. In addition, the ductility of RC columns reinforced with HSSS wire-ECC (SCH3–0.4, SCH4–0.4, and SCH5–0.4) was increased by 53 %-78 % than that of unreinforced specimen ORC. The surface cracking of RC columns strengthened with HSSS wire-ECC was also more uniform. As the relative initial eccentricity improved (0.3–0.5), peak and crack loads of reinforced RC columns decreased. The peak loads of specimens SCH4–0.3 and SCH4–0.4 increased by 77 % and 38.8 %, respectively, compared with those of specimen SCH4–0.5. The results showed that the load-carrying capacity and ductility of RC columns strengthened with HSSS wire-ECC were significantly improved. Based on the distribution of strain and destroy form analyses, mechanical mechanism and the calculation procedure of normal section force of RC columns strengthened with HSSS wire-ECC were proposed. The calculated results and the measurement data were consistent and could be applied to reinforcement engineering practice.

A novel emergency steel pier, assembled from market-available profiles, has been developed to address the challenges associated with the ''regular stockpiling and rapid emergency deployment'' of bridge pier repair equipment. These challenges often involve significant labor and financial costs for manufacturing and maintenance. The buckling modes of the columns and pier-girder connections were considered. Using energy methods and plate-shell theory, an analytical formula for the critical load-bearing capacity of the steel pier under emergency conditions was derived. Numerical simulations were conducted for comparison and validation, resulting in an optimized and simplified method for calculating the critical load capacity, which is suitable for engineering applications.The study shows that the critical load-bearing capacity of the emergency steel pier exhibits distinct patterns under the influence of column buckling modes and pier-girder connection methods. In cases where the column is fixed at one end and hinged at the other, or fixed at both ends, the critical load for axisymmetric buckling is affected by factors such as elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, height, radius, wall thickness, and the number of buckling waves. When considering non-axisymmetric buckling, the number of circumferential buckling waves becomes an additional factor. A simplified method for calculating the critical load-bearing capacity was developed. The simplified formula depends only on a correction factor, modified buckling stress, the number of columns, and cross-sectional area. This makes it highly practical for emergency engineering applications.

The Airy beam has attracted great attention since it was proposed in 2007 due to its novel properties, such as non-diffraction, self-healing, and self-acceleration. However, the spin angular momentum (SAM), which is an intrinsic nature of light, has rarely been studied by the Airy beam. Here, we propose a kind of binary circular Airy beam (BCAB) with space-variant polarizations and vortex phases and study the SAM evolution of the BCAB during propagation. We find the effects of appearance and annihilation of SAM during the propagation of BCAB, and the SAM can be further manipulated by adjusting the initial phase and polarization distribution of BCAB. Moreover, the optical tube, optical needle, and optical cage carrying different SAMs are achieved in propagation, which can be applied in various regions, such as optical trapping and manipulation. The BCAB significantly enriches the family of structured light and provides a flexible control scheme of SAM, which can further promote the application of SAM in many fields.

Abstract This study by Okuno et al. successfully identified eight exo‐miRNAs through exosome‐based discovery and established an exo‐miRNA‐based liquid biopsy assay for predicting therapeutic response in metastatic gastric cancer (mGC). Exosomes, a subpopulation of extracellular vesicles originating from endosomes, play a crucial role in this context. Liquid biopsy, analyzing blood for circulating tumor cells, extracellular vesicles, or cell‐free nucleic acid, has revolutionized cancer diagnosis and monitoring. It significantly contributes to early detection, staging, and relapse detection in various cancers. Numerous studies have highlighted the clinical significance of miRNA and lncRNA within extracellular vesicles. The authors developed a response‐prediction model for chemo‐responsiveness in mGC patients. This study's model predicts responses robustly, demonstrating its potential efficacy in clinical practice. It offers a non‐invasive and accessible method for therapeutic response prediction, crucial for precision medicine in mGC. Successful translation of these findings into clinical applications promises substantial benefits for patient care.

Lily is an important cut flower worldwide and prefers cool environments. The high summer temperature in China affects the quality and quantity of cut lily–flower production. In this study, the heat stress transcription factor HsfA2 was cloned from two cultivated commercial varieties, Lilium longiflorum 'White Heaven' and Lilium oriental 'Siberia', which have different responses to heat stress. An actin-interacting protein 3 (AIP3) domain was found in LlHsfA2 of Lilium longiflorum 'White Heaven' but did not appear in LoHsfA2 of Lilium oriental 'Siberia' using prediction from the simple modular architecture research tool (SMART) website. The genes LlACTIN and LoACTIN were cloned, and their amino acid sequences were found to be the same, so they were named LACTIN. There was an interaction between LlHsfA2 and LACTIN, whereas this interaction did not occur between LoHsfA2 and LACTIN based upon the bimolecular fluorescence complementary (BiFC) experiments. The silenced plants of LlHsfA2 and LACTIN were sensitive to heat stress treatment using barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV) induced gene silencing in 'White Heaven', and LoHsfA2 silenced plants were also sensitive in 'Siberia'. In contrast, LACTIN silenced plants in 'Siberia' were normal. The expressions of LlHsfA2 or LACTIN were reduced in the LACTIN or LlHsfA2 silenced 'White heaven' plants, whereas the expressions of LoHsfA2 or LACTIN were normal in the LACTIN or LoHsfA2 silenced 'Siberia' plants. In conclusion, the diversity of protein interactions between HsfA2 and ACTIN may affect the distinctness of the heat stress response in different lily varieties, which provides new knowledge for further study on the heat stress response in lily.

Abstract Supplier selection is of great significance and role, which influence the quality of major product development, and economic security and life safety. However, there exists a variety of uncertain information as a result of evaluation experts’ strong subjective consciousness and complexity of decision environment in the process of supplier selection evaluation. To deal with these problems, by exploiting gray incidence analysis, cloud models and TOPSIS, we establish a multi-attribute decision-making supplier selection method for complex product based on gray group clustering and improved criteria importance through intercriteria correlation, and then a case verifies the validity and feasibility of the proposed method. The results show that (1) the proposed model can provide a better portrayal of the uncertainty of the evaluation process in terms of both the fuzziness of the semantic concept and the randomness of the affiliation degree, while taking into account the differences between the evaluated solution and the positive and negative ideal solutions. (2) The proposed model can fully voice the decision-maker’s attitude on the basis of available information, allowing the decision-making process to be better tailored to reality by taking into account the ambiguity and randomness of the evaluation process.

Abstract Imaging-based spatial transcriptomics techniques provide valuable spatial and gene expression information at single-cell resolution. However, their current capability is restricted to profiling a limited number of genes per sample, resulting in most of the transcriptome remaining unmeasured. To overcome this challenge, we develop ENGEP, an ensemble learning-based tool that predicts unmeasured gene expression in spatial transcriptomics data by using multiple single-cell RNA sequencing datasets as references. ENGEP outperforms current state-of-the-art tools and brings biological insight by accurately predicting unmeasured genes. ENGEP has exceptional efficiency in terms of runtime and memory usage, making it scalable for analyzing large datasets.