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1. Fish and shellfish allergy: Presentation and management differences in the UK and US—analysis of 945 patients

Author

Alla Nakonechna, MD, PhD, Ard van Bergen, PhD, Ariharan Anantharachagan, MD, Dilani Arnold, MD, Nicole Johnston, BS, Kari Nadeau, MD, PhD, Krzysztof Rutkowski, MD, Sayantani B. Sindher, MD, Panida Sriaroon, MD, Iason Thomas, MD, Pavaladurai Vijayadurai, MD, Annette Wagner, MD, and Carla M. Davis, MD

Subjects
Seafood allergy, fish allergy, shellfish allergy, total IgE, fish specific IgE, shellfish specific IgE, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract

Background: Seafood allergy (SA), including allergy to shellfish (crustacean and mollusks) and fish, is among the 4 most common food allergies causing anaphylaxis, but there are limited data showing SA clinical management in different countries. Objective: We sought to characterize a large cohort of patients with fish and shellfish allergy and to facilitate standardization of future care for this increasingly common allergic disease. Methods: We performed a retrospective, observational, noninterventional study from 945 patients from 2015 to 2019 in 7 hospitals in the United States and the United Kingdom to evaluate SA. A chi-square test was used to detect differences in family history, medical history, and current symptoms between patients in 2 countries. Results: Underdiagnosed anaphylaxis in patients with SA was associated with underuse of epinephrine (adrenaline) autoinjectors in both countries. Oral food challenge was used only when skin or serologic test results were negative. Asthma and allergic rhinitis were more common in the US patients with SA, but eczema was more common in UK patients with SA (P < .001). Respiratory, gastrointestinal, and neurological symptoms were higher in UK patients with SA than in US patients with SA (P < .001). Conclusions: In international multicenter cohorts of patients with fish and shellfish allergy, there are opportunities for improvement in management. Physician identification of anaphylaxis, use of diagnostic oral food challenges, and anaphylaxis treatment with epinephrine are areas with significant knowledge gaps in need of improvement in the United Kingdom and the United States. There is an opportunity for the development of unified, standardized diagnostic protocols for SA with distribution for allergists and trainees.

Published
2024
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2. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation outcome in oldest known surviving patients with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome

Author

Ariharan Anantharachagan, MBChB, MRCP, MsC,FRCPath, Sook Yin Loh, MBBCh, MRCP, Siobhan O. Burns, MB PhD, Arian Laurence, PhD, MRCP, FRCPath, Susan Tadros, MBBS, BSc, MRCP, FRCPath, Eleni Tholouli, MD, PhD, Yadanar Lwin, MBBS, MMed (Infn, Imm), FRACP, FRCPA, Nicolas Martinez-Calle, MD, PhD, P. Vaitla, MBBS, MRCP, FRCPath, and Emma C. Morris, PhD, FMedSci

Subjects
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, WAS, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, HSCT, adult, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract

Regardless of their age, adult patients with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome should be considered for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation if clinically indicated.

Published
2024
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3. A National Survey of Hereditary Angioedema and Acquired C1 Inhibitor Deficiency in the United Kingdom

Author

Yong, Patrick F.K., Coulter, Tanya, El-Shanawany, Tariq, Garcez, Tomaz, Hackett, Scott, Jain, Rashmi, Kiani-Alikhan, Sorena, Manson, Ania, Noorani, Sadia, Stroud, Catherine, Symons, Christine, Sargur, Ravishankar, Steele, Cathal, Alachkar, Hana, Anantharachagan, Ariharan, Arkwright, Peter D., Bernatoniene, Jolanta, Bhole, Malini, Brown, Lindsay, Buckland, Matthew, Burns, Siobhan, Chopra, Charu, Darroch, James, Drewe, Elizabeth, Edmonds, Jillian, Ekbote, Anjali, Elkhalifa, Shuayb, Goddard, Sarah, Grosse-Kreul, Dorothea, Gurugama, Padmalal, Hague, Rosie, Herriot, Richard, Herwadkar, Archana, Hughes, Stephen M., Jones, Laura, Lear, Sara, McDermott, Elizabeth, Kham Murng, Sai Hurng, Price, Arthur, Redenbaugh, Vyanka, Richter, Alex, Riordan, Andrew, Shackley, Fiona, Stichbury, Julia, Springett, Debbie, Tarzi, Michael D., Thomas, Moira, Vijayadurai, Pavaladurai, and Worth, Austen

Published
2023
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4. A one-step conservative surgical approach to undiagnosed focal accreta: A case report

Author

Kumaressan Ragunathan, Amin Bahabri, Heidi Hughes-D'Aeth, and Arisudhan Anantharachagan

Subjects
Focal placental accreta, Partial myometrial resection, Surgery, RD1-811, Gynecology and obstetrics, RG1-991
Abstract

Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) refers to abnormal trophoblast invasion into the myometrium. The global prevalence of PAS is rising as the number of caesarean deliveries increases. PAS is associated with higher rates of maternal morbidity and mortality. Although mainstream management has been caesarean hysterectomy, uterine conservative techniques are also used, such as the extirpative technique, leaving the placenta in situ, the triple-P procedure, embolisation, uterine balloon tamponade and methotrexate medication.This case report describes an innovative yet simple and safe technique, namely partial myometrial resection of the focal adherent placenta. Unlike hysterectomy, this technique can preserve fertility. It was performed on an undiagnosed focal placental accreta during a caesarean section with a routine caesarean section theatre set-up and did not require obstetric follow-up after the patient was discharged.This procedure can be considered an option for managing focal placenta accreta.

Published
2023
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5. An atypical presentation of pre-eclampsia (PET) in a patient diagnosed with Guillain-Barré syndrome: A case report

Author

Jue Wang, Amin Bahabri, Patricia Wong, and Arisudhan Anantharachagan

Subjects
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), Pregnancy, Diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM), Pre-eclampsia (PET), Surgery, RD1-811, Gynecology and obstetrics, RG1-991
Abstract

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune neurological disorder with unknown aetiology. Given the incidence of GBS is between 1.2 and 1.9 cases per 100,000 people annually [1], it is extremely rare in pregnancy. We report a case with a challenging diagnosis of pre-eclampsia (PET) in a 34-year-old diabetic primigravida who was diagnosed with GBS at 30 weeks of gestation. At her initial presentation, she complained of progressive weakness of her limbs and facial muscles. This was associated with difficulty swallowing. The diagnosis of GBS was made based on electromyography (EMG) and clinical findings. She was managed conservatively with supportive management and was delivered by lower segment caesarean section at 34 weeks of gestation due to rapidly deteriorating liver function tests (LFTs) in the likely setting of PET.

Published
2023
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6. COVID-19 in patients with primary and secondary immunodeficiency: The United Kingdom experience

Author

Anantharachagan, Ariharan, Arumugakani, Gururaj, Baker, Kenneth, Bahal, Sameer, Bermingham, William, Bhole, Malini, Boules, Evon, Bright, Philip, Burns, Siobhan, Cleave, Betsy, Dempster, John, Devlin, Lisa, Dhalla, Fatima, Drewe, Elizabeth, Duncan, Christopher, Dziadzio, Magdalena, Elkhalifa, Shuayb, Gennery, Andrew, Goddard, Sarah, Grigoriadou, Sofia, Hayman, Grant, Herwadkar, Archana, Huissoon, Aarnoud, Jain, Rashmi, Jolles, Stephen, Johnston, Sarah, Leeman, Lucy, Mahabir, Shanti, MacLochlainn, Dylan, McDermott, Elizabeth, Misbah, Siraj, Morsi, Hadeil, Murng, Sai, Noorani, Sadia, O’Brien, Rachael, Patel, Smita, Price, Arthur, Richter, Alex, Savic, Sinisa, Seneviratne, Suranjith, Shields, Adrian, Shrimpton, Anna, Stroud, Catherine, Vaitla, Prashantha, Verma, Nisha, Shields, Adrian M., Burns, Siobhan O., and Richter, Alex G.

Published
2021
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7. Characterization of the clinical and immunologic phenotype and management of 157 individuals with 56 distinct heterozygous NFKB1 mutations

Author

Adhya, Zoe, Alachkar, Hana, Anantharachagan, Ariharan, Antrobus, Richard, Arumugakani, Gururaj, Ashford, Sofie, Astle, William J., Attwood, Anthony, Bacchelli, Chiara, Batista, Joana, Baxendale, Helen E., Bethune, Claire, Bibi, Shahnaz, Bleda, Marta, Boardman, Barbara, Booth, Claire, Bradley, John R., Breen, Gerome, Brown, Matthew, Browning, Michael J., Brownlie, Mary, Buckland, Matthew S., Burns, Siobhan O., Burren, Oliver S., Carss, Keren, Chambers, John, Chandra, Anita, Brod, Naomi Clements, Clifford, Hayley, Cooper, Nichola, Daugherty, Louise C., Davies, E.G., Davies, Sophie, Davis, John, Deacock, Sarah, Deevi, Sri V.V., Dempster, John, Devlin, Lisa A., Dewhurst, Eleanor F., Downes, Kate, Drewe, Elizabeth, Duarte, Daniel, Edgar, J. David M., Edwards, Karen, Egner, William, El-Shanawany, Tariq, Erwood, Marie, Fletcher, Debra, Fox, James, Frary, Amy J., Frontini, Mattia, Furnell, Abigail, Gaspar, H. Bobby, Ghurye, Rohit, Gilmour, Kimberly C., Gleadall, Nicholas S., Goddard, Sarah, Gordins, Pavels, Gräf, Stefan, Grassi, Luigi, Greene, Daniel, Grigoriadou, Sofia, Hackett, Scott, Hague, Rosie, Haimel, Matthias, Harper, Lorraine, Hayman, Grant, Herwadkar, Archana, Hu, Fengyuan, Hughes, Stephen, Huissoon, Aarnoud P., James, Roger, Jolles, Stephen, Jolley, Jennifer, Jones, Julie, Karim, Yousuf, Kasanicki, Mary A., Kelleher, Peter, Kempster, Carly, Kiani, Sorena, Kingston, Nathalie, Klein, Nigel, Kostadima, Myrto, Kreuzhuber, Roman, Kuijpers, Taco W., Kumararatne, Dinakantha, Laffan, James, Allen, Hana Lango, Lear, Sara E., Linger, Rachel, Longhurst, Hilary, Lorenzo, Lorena E., Lyons, Paul A., Maimaris, Jesmeen, Manson, Ania, Mapeta, Rutendo, Martin, Jennifer, McCarthy, Mark I., McDermott, Elizabeth M., McKinney, Harriet, Meacham, Stuart, Megy, Karyn, Millar, Hazel, Mistry, Anoop, Morrisson, Valerie, Murng, Sai H.K., Nasir, Iman, Nejentsev, Sergey, Noorani, Sadia, Oksenhendler, Eric, Ouwehand, Willem H., Papadia, Sofia, Penkett, Christopher J., Petersen, Romina, Ponsford, Mark J., Qasim, Waseem, Quinn, Ellen, Quinti, Isabella, Raymond, F. Lucy, Rayner-Matthews, Paula J., Richter, Alex, Samani, Nilesh, Samarghitean, Crina, Sanchis-Juan, Alba, Sargur, Ravishankar B., Savic, Sinisa, Seneviratne, Suranjith L., Sewell, W.A. Carrock, Seyres, Denis, Shackley, Fiona, Shamardina, Olga, Simeoni, Ilenia, Simpson, Michael A., Smith, Kenneth G.C., Staines, Simon, Staples, Emily, Stark, Hannah, Stauss, Hans, Steele, Cathal L., Stephens, Jonathan, Stirrups, Kathleen E., Thaventhiran, James E., Thomas, David, Thomas, Moira J., Thomas, Patrick, Thrasher, Adrian J., Tilly, Tobias, Titterton, Catherine, Treadaway, Paul, Tuna, Salih, Turro, Ernest, Urniaz, Rafal, von Ziegenweidt, Julie, Walker, Neil, Watt, Christopher, Welch, Steven B., Whitehorn, Deborah, Willcocks, Lisa, Wood, Nicholas, Wood, Yvette, Workman, Sarita, Worth, Austen, Yates, Katherine, Yeatman, Nigel, Yong, Patrick F.K., Young, Timothy, Yu, Ping, Zlamalova, Eliska, Lorenzini, Tiziana, Fliegauf, Manfred, Klammer, Nils, Frede, Natalie, Proietti, Michele, Bulashevska, Alla, Camacho-Ordonez, Nadezhda, Varjosalo, Markku, Kinnunen, Matias, de Vries, Esther, van der Meer, Jos W.M., Ameratunga, Rohan, Roifman, Chaim M., Schejter, Yael D., Kobbe, Robin, Hautala, Timo, Atschekzei, Faranaz, Schmidt, Reinhold E., Schröder, Claudia, Stepensky, Polina, Shadur, Bella, Pedroza, Luis A., van der Flier, Michiel, Martínez-Gallo, Mónica, Gonzalez-Granado, Luis Ignacio, Allende, Luis M., Shcherbina, Anna, Kuzmenko, Natalia, Zakharova, Victoria, Neves, João Farela, Svec, Peter, Fischer, Ute, Ip, Winnie, Bartsch, Oliver, Barış, Safa, Klein, Christoph, Geha, Raif, Chou, Janet, Alosaimi, Mohammed, Weintraub, Lauren, Boztug, Kaan, Hirschmugl, Tatjana, Dos Santos Vilela, Maria Marluce, Holzinger, Dirk, Seidl, Maximilian, Lougaris, Vassilios, Plebani, Alessandro, Alsina, Laia, Piquer-Gibert, Monica, Deyà-Martínez, Angela, Slade, Charlotte A., Aghamohammadi, Asghar, Abolhassani, Hassan, Hammarström, Lennart, Kuismin, Outi, Helminen, Merja, Freeman, Alexandra F., Cook, Matthew, Bakhtiar, Shahrzad, Christiansen, Mette, Cunningham-Rundles, Charlotte, Patel, Niraj C., Rae, William, Niehues, Tim, Brauer, Nina, Syrjänen, Jaana, Seppänen, Mikko R.J., Tuijnenburg, Paul, Warnatz, Klaus, and Grimbacher, Bodo

Published
2020
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10. Loss-of-function nuclear factor κB subunit 1 (NFKB1) variants are the most common monogenic cause of common variable immunodeficiency in Europeans

Author

Adhya, Zoe, Alachkar, Hana, Anantharachagan, Ariharan, Antrobus, Richard, Arumugakani, Gururaj, Bacchelli, Chiara, Baxendale, Helen, Bethune, Claire, Bibi, Shahnaz, Boardman, Barbara, Booth, Claire, Browning, Michael, Brownlie, Mary, Burns, Siobhan, Chandra, Anita, Clifford, Hayley, Cooper, Nichola, Davies, Sophie, Dempster, John, Devlin, Lisa, Doffinger, Rainer, Drewe, Elizabeth, Edgar, David, Egner, William, El-Shanawany, Tariq, Gaspar, Bobby, Ghurye, Rohit, Gilmour, Kimberley, Goddard, Sarah, Gordins, Pavel, Grigoriadou, Sofia, Hackett, Scott, Hague, Rosie, Harper, Lorraine, Hayman, Grant, Herwadkar, Archana, Hughes, Stephen, Huissoon, Aarnoud, Jolles, Stephen, Jones, Julie, Kelleher, Peter, Klein, Nigel, Kuijpers, Taco, Kumararatne, Dinakantha, Laffan, James, Lango Allen, Hana, Lear, Sara, Longhurst, Hilary, Lorenzo, Lorena, Maimaris, Jesmeen, Manson, Ania, McDermott, Elizabeth, Millar, Hazel, Mistry, Anoop, Morrisson, Valerie, Murng, Sai, Nasir, Iman, Nejentsev, Sergey, Noorani, Sadia, Oksenhendler, Eric, Ponsford, Mark, Qasim, Waseem, Quinn, Ellen, Quinti, Isabella, Richter, Alex, Samarghitean, Crina, Sargur, Ravishankar, Savic, Sinisa, Seneviratne, Suranjith, Sewall, Carrock, Shackley, Fiona, Simeoni, Ilenia, Smith, Kenneth G.C., Staples, Emily, Stauss, Hans, Steele, Cathal, Thaventhiran, James, Thomas, Moira, Thrasher, Adrian, Welch, Steve, Willcocks, Lisa, Workman, Sarita, Worth, Austen, Yeatman, Nigel, Yong, Patrick, Ashford, Sofie, Bradley, John, Fletcher, Debra, Hammerton, Tracey, James, Roger, Kingston, Nathalie, Ouwehand, Willem, Penkett, Christopher, Raymond, F Lucy, Stirrups, Kathleen, Veltman, Marijke, Young, Tim, Brown, Matthew, Clements-Brod, Naomi, Davis, John, Dewhurst, Eleanor, Erwood, Marie, Frary, Amy, Linger, Rachel, Martin, Jennifer, Papadia, Sofia, Rehnstrom, Karola, Astle, William, Attwood, Antony, Bleda, Marta, Carss, Keren, Daugherty, Louise, Deevi, Sri, Graf, Stefan, Greene, Daniel, Halmagyi, Csaba, Haimel, Matthias, Hu, Fengyuan, Matser, Vera, Meacham, Stuart, Megy, Karyn, Shamardina, Olga, Titterton, Catherine, Tuna, Salih, Turro, Ernest, Yu, Ping, von Ziegenweldt, Julie, Furnell, Abigail, Mapeta, Rutendo, Staines, Simon, Stephens, Jonathan, Whitehorn, Deborah, Rayner-Matthews, Paula, Watt, Christopher, Tuijnenburg, Paul, Burns, Siobhan O., Jansen, Machiel H., Carss, Keren J., Biasci, Daniele, Kiani-Alikhan, Sorena, Longhurst, Hilary J., Seneviratne, Suranjith L., de Bree, Godelieve J., Tool, Anton T.J., van Leeuwen, Ester M.M., Ebberink, Eduard H.T.M., Meijer, Alexander B., Thrasher, Adrian J., Thaventhiran, James E., and Kuijpers, Taco W.

Published
2018
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14. Outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with primary and secondary immunodeficiency in the UK

Author

Katie Townsend, Evon Boules, Rachael O’Brien, Sai Murng, Smita Y. Patel, Helen Baxendale, Siraj A. Misbah, Ariharan Anantharachagan, Aarnoud Huissoon, Richard Herriot, Andrew R. Gennery, Kenneth F Baker, David M. Lowe, Lucy Leeman, Suzanne Elcombe, Alex G. Richter, Grant Hayman, Philip D Bright, Moira Thomas, Sarah Goddard, Magdalena Dziadzio, Prashantha M. Vaitla, Sameer Bahal, Betsy Cleave, Dylan James Mac Lochlainn, Elizabeth McDermott, Malini Bhole, Anna Shrimpton, Sujoy Khan, Nisha Verma, William H. Bermingham, Sinisa Savic, Anthony Williams, Gururaj Arumugakani, Lavanya Diwakar, Elizabeth Drewe, James Laffan, Lucy Cliffe, Catherine Stroud, Stephen Jolles, A Herwadkar, Siobhan O. Burns, Adrian M Shields, Shanti Mahabir, Scott Hackett, Sofia Grigoriadou, Sarah Johnston, John Dempster, Hadeil Morsi, Peter Lane, Sadia Noorani, Arthur Price, Tasneem Rahman, Fatima Dhalla, Christopher J A Duncan, Lisa Devlin, Harichandrana Ghanta, Fiona Moghaddas, Charu Chopra, Suranjith Senevirantne, Shuayb Elkhalifa, and Rashmi Jain

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, inborn errors of immunity, hypogammaglobulinemia, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Immunology, AcademicSubjects/MED00730, secondary immunodeficiencies, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, Antibodies, Viral, Dexamethasone, Secondary immunodeficiency, AcademicSubjects/MED00160, Internal medicine, Medicine, Immunology and Allergy, Humans, In patient, COVID-19 Serotherapy, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, Immunization, Passive, Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes, COVID-19, lymphopenia, Antibodies, Neutralizing, United Kingdom, COVID-19 Drug Treatment, Drug Combinations, business, AcademicSubjects/MED00010, AcademicSubjects/MED00690, Research Article, primary immunodeficiencies
Abstract

Purpose To define the burden of morbidity and mortality arising from COVID-19 in individuals with primary (PID) and secondary immunodeficiency (SID) in the United Kingdom. Methods In March 2020, the United Kingdom Primary Immunodeficiency Network (UKPIN) established a registry of cases to collate the outcomes of individuals with PID and SID following SARS-CoV-2 infection and treatment. Anonymised demographic data, pre-SARS-CoV-2 infection lymphocyte counts, co-morbidities, targeted treatments and outcomes were collected. Three groups were analysed in further detail: individuals with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), individuals with any PID, including CVID, receiving immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IgRT) and individuals with secondary immunodeficiency. Results A total of 310 cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection in individuals with PID or SID have now been reported in the UK. The overall mortality within the cohort was 17.7% (n = 55/310). Individuals with CVID demonstrated an infection fatality rate (IFR) of 18.3% (n = 17/93), individuals with PID receiving IgRT had an IFR of 16.3% (n = 26/159) and individuals with SID, an IFR of 27.2% (n = 25/92). Individuals with PID and SID, had higher inpatient mortality and died at a younger age than the general population. Increasing age, low pre-SARS-CoV-2 infection lymphocyte count and the presence of common co-morbidities increased the risk of mortality in PID. Access to specific COVID-19 treatments in this cohort was limited: only 22.9% (n = 33/144) of patients admitted to hospital received dexamethasone, remdesivir, an anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody-based therapeutic (e.g. REGN-COV2 or convalescent plasma) or tocilizumab as a monotherapy or in combination. Dexamethasone, remdesivir and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody-based therapeutics appeared efficacious in PID and SID. Conclusion Compared to the general population, individuals with PID or SID are at high risk of mortality following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Increasing age, low baseline lymphocyte count and the presence of co-morbidities are additional risk factors for poor outcome in this cohort.

Published
2023

16. Autosomal Dominant STAT6 Gain of Function Causes Severe Atopy Associated with Lymphoma.

Author

Minskaia, Ekaterina, Maimaris, Jesmeen, Jenkins, Persephone, Albuquerque, Adriana S., Hong, Ying, Eleftheriou, Despina, Gilmour, Kimberly C., Grace, Richard, Moreira, Fernando, Grimbacher, Bodo, Adhya, Zoe, Alachkar, Hana, Anantharachagan, Ariharan, Antrobus, Richard, Arumugakani, Gururaj, Bacchelli, Chiara, Baxendale, Helen, Bethune, Claire, Bibi, Shahnaz, and Boardman, Barbara

Subjects
STAT proteins, MONONUCLEAR leukocytes, ATOPY, CELLULAR signal transduction, PEANUT allergy, FOLLICULAR lymphoma
Abstract

The transcription factor STAT6 (Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 6) is a key regulator of Th2 (T-helper 2) mediated allergic inflammation via the IL-4 (interleukin-4) JAK (Janus kinase)/STAT signalling pathway. We identified a novel heterozygous germline mutation STAT6 c.1255G > C, p.D419H leading to overactivity of IL-4 JAK/STAT signalling pathway, in a kindred affected by early-onset atopic dermatitis, food allergy, eosinophilic asthma, anaphylaxis and follicular lymphoma. STAT6 D419H expression and functional activity were compared with wild type STAT6 in transduced HEK293T cells and to healthy control primary skin fibroblasts and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). We observed consistently higher STAT6 levels at baseline and higher STAT6 and phosphorylated STAT6 following IL-4 stimulation in D419H cell lines and primary cells compared to wild type controls. The pSTAT6/STAT6 ratios were unchanged between D419H and control cells suggesting that elevated pSTAT6 levels resulted from higher total basal STAT6 expression. The selective JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor ruxolitinib reduced pSTAT6 levels in D419H HEK293T cells and patient PBMC. Nuclear staining demonstrated increased STAT6 in patient fibroblasts at baseline and both STAT6 and pSTAT6 after IL-4 stimulation. We also observed higher transcriptional upregulation of downstream genes (XBP1 and EPAS1) in patient PBMC. Our study confirms STAT6 gain of function (GOF) as a novel monogenetic cause of early onset atopic disease. The clinical association of lymphoma in our kindred, along with previous data linking somatic STAT6 D419H mutations to follicular lymphoma suggest that patients with STAT6 GOF disease may be at higher risk of lymphomagenesis. 245 words. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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17. First case series of clozapine induced hypogammaglobulinaemia in England

Author

T Tan, A Herwadkar, Ariharan Anantharachagan, S Drinkwater, P Vijayadurai, H. Alachkar, T Garcez, J. Darroch, and Shuayb Elkhalifa

Subjects
Antibody deficiency, Clinical immunology, Immunoglobulin levels, business.industry, General Medicine, North west, Immunology, Medicine, In patient, business, Signalling pathways, Drug toxicity, Clozapine, medicine.drug
Abstract

Evidence is emerging that clozapine can adversely affect immunoglobulin levels. We present a case series of 17 clozapine-treated patients referred to clinical immunology centres in the north west of England with otherwise-unexplained hypogammaglobulinaemia. This adds to existing evidence and suggests that clozapine can cause clinically significant antibody deficiency that will sometimes require specialist intervention. We speculate that this putative drug toxicity could be mediated via interaction with PI3K (phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase) signalling pathways involved in the development and homeostasis of B cells. It may be advisable to monitor immunoglobulin levels in patients being treated with clozapine.

Published
2021
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20. Practical challenges for functional validation of STAT1 gain of function genetic variants.

Author

Albuquerque, Adriana S, Maimaris, Jesmeen, McKenna, Alexander J, Lambourne, Jonathan, Moreira, Fernando, Workman, Sarita, Megy, Karyn, Simeoni, Ilenia, Lango Allen, Hana, NIHR BioResource-Rare Disease Consortium, Adhya, Zoe, Alachkar, Hana, Anantharachagan, Ariharan, Antrobus, Richard, Arumugakani, Gururaj, Bacchelli, Chiara, Baxendale, Helen, Bethune, Claire, Bibi, Shahnaz, and Boardman, Barbara

Subjects
GENETIC variation, STAT proteins, PELVIC inflammatory disease, MONONUCLEAR leukocytes
Published
2023
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21. Fish and shellfish allergy: Are they different in different countries?

Author

Nakonechna, Alla, primary, van Bergen, Ard, additional, Anantharachagan, Ariharan, additional, Arnold, Dilani, additional, Johnston, Nicole, additional, Nadeau, Kari, additional, Rutkowski, Chris, additional, Sindher, Sayantani, additional, Sriaroon, Panida, additional, Thomas, Iason, additional, Vijayadurai, Pavaladurai, additional, and Wagner, Annette, additional

Published
2022
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22. Outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with primary and secondary immunodeficiency in the UK

Author

Shields, Adrian M, primary, Anantharachagan, Ariharan, additional, Arumugakani, Gururaj, additional, Baker, Kenneth, additional, Bahal, Sameer, additional, Baxendale, Helen, additional, Bermingham, William, additional, Bhole, Malini, additional, Boules, Evon, additional, Bright, Philip, additional, Chopra, Charu, additional, Cliffe, Lucy, additional, Cleave, Betsy, additional, Dempster, John, additional, Devlin, Lisa, additional, Dhalla, Fatima, additional, Diwakar, Lavanya, additional, Drewe, Elizabeth, additional, Duncan, Christopher, additional, Dziadzio, Magdalena, additional, Elcombe, Suzanne, additional, Elkhalifa, Shuayb, additional, Gennery, Andrew, additional, Ghanta, Harichandrana, additional, Goddard, Sarah, additional, Grigoriadou, Sofia, additional, Hackett, Scott, additional, Hayman, Grant, additional, Herriot, Richard, additional, Herwadkar, Archana, additional, Huissoon, Aarnoud, additional, Jain, Rashmi, additional, Jolles, Stephen, additional, Johnston, Sarah, additional, Khan, Sujoy, additional, Laffan, James, additional, Lane, Peter, additional, Leeman, Lucy, additional, Lowe, David M, additional, Mahabir, Shanti, additional, Lochlainn, Dylan James Mac, additional, McDermott, Elizabeth, additional, Misbah, Siraj, additional, Moghaddas, Fiona, additional, Morsi, Hadeil, additional, Murng, Sai, additional, Noorani, Sadia, additional, O’Brien, Rachael, additional, Patel, Smita, additional, Price, Arthur, additional, Rahman, Tasneem, additional, Seneviratne, Suranjith, additional, Shrimpton, Anna, additional, Stroud, Catherine, additional, Thomas, Moira, additional, Townsend, Katie, additional, Vaitla, Prashantha, additional, Verma, Nisha, additional, Williams, Anthony, additional, Burns, Siobhan O, additional, Savic, Sinisa, additional, and Richter, Alex G, additional

Published
2022
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23. Outcomes Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Patients With Primary and Secondary Immunodeficiency in The United Kingdom

Author

Shields, Adrian M, primary, Anantharachagan, Ariharan, additional, Arumugakani, Gururaj, additional, Baker, Kenneth, additional, Bahal, Sameer, additional, Baxendale, Helen, additional, Bermingham, William, additional, Bhole, Malini, additional, Boules, Evon, additional, Bright, Philip, additional, Chopra, Charu, additional, Cliffe, Lucy, additional, Cleave, Betsy, additional, Dempster, John, additional, Devlin, Lisa, additional, Dhalla, Fatima, additional, Diwakar, Lavanya, additional, Drewe, Elizabeth, additional, Duncan, Christopher, additional, Dziadzio, Magdalena, additional, Elcombe, Suzanne, additional, Elkhalifa, Shuayb, additional, Gennery, Andrew, additional, Ghanta, Harichandrana, additional, Goddard, Sarah, additional, Grigoriadou, Sofia, additional, Hackett, Scott, additional, Hayman, Grant, additional, Herriot, Richard, additional, Herwadkar, Archana, additional, Huissoon, Aarnoud, additional, Jain, Rashmi, additional, Jolles, Stephen, additional, Johnston, Sarah, additional, Khan, Sujoy, additional, Laffan, James, additional, Lane, Peter, additional, Leeman, Lucy, additional, Lowe, David M., additional, Mahabir, Shanti, additional, Lochlainn, Dylan James Mac, additional, McDermott, Elizabeth, additional, Misbah, Siraj, additional, Moghaddas, Fiona, additional, Morsi, Hadeil, additional, Murng, Sai, additional, Noorani, Sadia, additional, O’Brien, Rachael, additional, Patel, Smita, additional, Price, Arthur, additional, Rahman, Tasneem, additional, Senevirantne, Suranjith, additional, Shrimpton, Anna, additional, Stroud, Catherine, additional, Thomas, Moira, additional, Townsend, Katie, additional, Vaitla, Prashantha, additional, Verma, Nisha, additional, Williams, Anthony, additional, Burns, Siobhan O., additional, Savic, Sinisa, additional, and Richter, Alex G., additional

Published
2021
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24. Publisher Correction:Whole-genome sequencing of a sporadic primary immunodeficiency cohort (Nature, (2020), 583, 7814, (90-95), 10.1038/s41586-020-2265-1)

Author

Thaventhiran, James E.D., Lango Allen, Hana, Burren, Oliver S., Rae, William, Greene, Daniel, Staples, Emily, Zhang, Zinan, Farmery, James H.R., Simeoni, Ilenia, Rivers, Elizabeth, Maimaris, Jesmeen, Penkett, Christopher J., Stephens, Jonathan, Deevi, Sri V.V., Sanchis-Juan, Alba, Gleadall, Nicholas S., Thomas, Moira J., Sargur, Ravishankar B., Gordins, Pavels, Baxendale, Helen E., Brown, Matthew, Tuijnenburg, Paul, Worth, Austen, Hanson, Steven, Linger, Rachel J., Buckland, Matthew S., Rayner-Matthews, Paula J., Gilmour, Kimberly C., Samarghitean, Crina, Seneviratne, Suranjith L., Sansom, David M., Lynch, Andy G., Megy, Karyn, Ellinghaus, Eva, Ellinghaus, David, Jorgensen, Silje F., Karlsen, Tom H., Stirrups, Kathleen E., Cutler, Antony J., Kumararatne, Dinakantha S., Chandra, Anita, Edgar, J. David M., Herwadkar, Archana, Cooper, Nichola, Grigoriadou, Sofia, Huissoon, Aarnoud P., Goddard, Sarah, Jolles, Stephen, Schuetz, Catharina, Boschann, Felix, Abbs, Stephen, Adhya, Zoe, Adlard, Julian, Afzal, Maryam, Ahmed, Irshad, Ahmed, Munaza, Ahmed, Saeed, Aitman, Timothy J., Alachkar, Hana, Alamelu, Jayanthi, Alikhan, Raza, Allen, Carl E., Allen, Louise, Allsup, David J., Alvi, Arif, Ambegaonkar, Gautam, Anantharachagan, Ariharan, Ancliff, Philip, Anderson, Julie, Antrobus, Richard, Armstrong, Ruth, Arno, Gavin, Arumugakani, Gururaj, Arya, Rita, Ashford, Sofie, Astle, William J., Attwood, Anthony, Austin, Steve, Aydinok, Yesim, Ayub, Waqar, Babbs, Christian, Bacchelli, Chiara, Baglin, Trevor, Bakchoul, Tamam, Bariana, Tadbir K., Barratt, Jonathan, Barwell, Julian, Baski, John, Bates, Rachel W., Batista, Joana, Baynam, Gareth, Bennett, David L., Bethune, Claire, Bhatnagar, Neha, Bibi, Shahnaz, Bierzynska, Agnieszka, Biss, Tina, Bitner-Glindzicz, Maria A.K., Bleda, Marta, Blesneac, Iulia, Boardman, Barbara, Boddana, Preetham, Bogaard, Harm J., Booth, Claire, Boyce, Sara, Bradley, John R., Brady, Angela, Breen, Gerome, Brennan, Paul, Brewer, Carole, Briley, Annette, Brown, Richard, Browning, Michael J., Brownlie, Mary, Bryson, Christine J., Buchan, Rachel J., Buck, Jackie, Bueser, Teofila, Diz, Carmen Bugarin, Burns, Siobhan O., Calleja, Paul, Carmichael, Jenny, Carr-White, Gerald, Carss, Keren J., Casey, Ruth, Chalmers, Elizabeth, Chambers, Jenny, Chambers, John, Chan, Melanie M.Y., Chan, Melissa V., Cheng, Floria, Chinn, Ivan K., Chinnery, Patrick F., Chitre, Manali, Chong, Sam, Christian, Martin T., Church, Colin, Clement, Emma M., Brod, Naomi Clements, Clifford, Hayley, Clowes, Virginia E., Coghlan, Gerry, Colby, Elizabeth, Cole, Trevor R.P., Collins, Janine H., Collins, Peter W., Condliffe, Robin, Cook, H. Terence, Cook, Stuart, Cookson, Victoria, Corris, Paul A., Creaser-Myers, Amanda, Crisp-Hihn, Abigail, Curry, Nicola S., Da Costa, Rosa, Danesino, Cesare, Daniels, Matthew J., Darby, Damaris, Daugherty, Louise C., Davies, E. G., Davies, Sophie, Davis, John, de Bree, Godelieve J., Deacock, Sarah, Deegan, Patrick B., Dempster, John, Dent, Timothy, Deshpande, Charu, Devlin, Lisa A., Dewhurst, Eleanor F., Dixit, Anand K., Dixon, Peter H., Doffinger, Rainer, Dolling, Helen, Dormand, Natalie, Downes, Kate, Drazyk, Anna M., Drewe, Elizabeth, Duarte, Daniel, Dutt, Tina, Edwards, Karen E., Egner, William, Ekani, Melanie N., El-Shanawany, Tariq, Elkhalifa, Shuayb, Elston, Tony, Emmerson, Ingrid, Erber, Wendy N., Erwood, Marie, Estiu, Maria C., Evans, Dafydd Gareth, Evans, Gillian, Everington, Tamara, Eyries, Mélanie, Favier, Remi, Firth, Helen V., Fitzpatrick, Maggie M., Fletcher, Debra, Flinter, Frances A., Fox, James C., Frary, Amy J., French, Courtney E., Freson, Kathleen, Frontini, Mattia, Furie, Bruce, Gale, Daniel P., Gall, Henning J., Gardham, Alice, Gaspar, H. Bobby, Gattens, Michael, Ghali, Neeti, Ghataorhe, Pavandeep K., Ghio, Stefano, Ghofrani, Hossein Ardeschir, Ghurye, Rohit, Gibbs, J. Simon R., Gilbert, Rodney D., Girerd, Barbara, Girling, Joanna C., Gissen, Paul, Gorman, Kathleen M., Gosal, David, Graf, Stefan, Grassi, Luigi, Greenhalgh, Alan J., Greenhalgh, Lynn, Greinacher, Andreas, Gresele, Paolo, Griffiths, Philip G., Griffiths, Sian, Grozeva, Detelina, Hackett, Scott J., Hadden, Robert D.M., Hadinnapola, Charaka, Hague, Rosie, Hague, William M., Haimel, Matthias, Hall, Matthew, Halmagyi, Csaba, Hammerton, Tracey, Hanson, Helen L., Harkness, Kirsty, Harper, Andrew R., Harper, Lorraine, Harris, Claire, Harrison, Claire, Hart, Daniel, Hassan, Ahamad, Hayman, Grant, Heemskerk, Johan W.M., Hegde, Shivaram, Henderson, Alex, Henderson, Robert H., Hensiek, Anke, Henskens, Yvonne M.C., Hodgson, Joshua, Hoffman, Jonathan, Holden, Simon, Holder, Muriel, Horvath, Rita, Houlden, Henry, Houweling, Arjan C., Howard, Luke S., Hu, Fengyuan, Hudson, Gavin, Hughes, Sean, Hughes, Stephen, Huis in ‘t Veld, Anna E., Humbert, Marc, Hurles, Matthew E., Hurst, Jane A., Irvine, Val, Izatt, Louise, James, Roger, Jeevaratnam, Praveen, Johnson, Mark, Johnson, Sally A., Jolley, Jennifer D., Jones, Bryony, Jones, Julie, Josifova, Dragana, Jurkute, Neringa, Karim, Yousuf M., Karoshi, Mahantesh A., Kasanicki, Mary A., Kazkaz, Hanadi, Kazmi, Rashid, Keeling, David, Kelleher, Peter, Kelly, Anne M., Kempster, Carly, Kennedy, Fiona, Kiani, Sorena, Kiely, David G., Kingston, Nathalie, Kinsey, Sally, Klein, Nigel, Klima, Robert, Knox, Ellen, Kostadima, Myrto A., Kovacs, Gabor, Koziell, Ania B., Kreuzhuber, Roman, Krishnakumar, Deepa, Kuijpers, Taco W., Kumar, Ajith, Kurian, Manju A., Laffan, James, Laffan, Michael A., Lalloo, Fiona, Lambert, Michele P., Lawman, Sarah H.A., Lawrie, Allan, Layton, D. Mark, Lear, Sara E., Lees, Melissa M., Lentaigne, Claire, Levine, Adam P., Lewington, Andrew J.P., Li, Wei, Liesner, Ri, Liu, Bin, Longhurst, Hilary, Lorenzo, Lorena E., Louka, Eleni, Hadeler, Silvia Lucato, Lyons, Paul A., Macdougall, Malcolm, Machado, Rajiv D., MacKenzie Ross, Robert V., Mackillop, Lucy H., MacLaren, Robert, Madan, Bella, Magee, Laura, Mahdi-Rogers, Mohamed, Maher, Eamonn R., Makris, Mike, Mangles, Sarah, Manson, Ania, Manzur, Adnan, Mapeta, Rutendo, Marchbank, Kevin J., Mark, Patrick B., Marks, Stephen, Markus, Hugh S., Marschall, Hanns Ulrich, Marshall, Andrew, Martin, Jennifer M., Masati, Larahmie, Mathias, Mary, Matser, Vera, Matthews, Emma L., Maw, Anna, Maxwell, Heather, McAlinden, Paul, McCarthy, Mark I., McDermott, Elizabeth M., McGowan, Simon J., McJannet, Coleen, McKinney, Harriet, Meacham, Stuart, Mead, Adam J., Castello, Ignacio Medina, Meehan, Sharon, Mehta, Sarju, Mercer, Catherine L., Michaelides, Michel, Michell, Anna C., Milford, David, Millar, Carolyn M., Millar, Hazel, Mistry, Anoop, Moenen, Floor, Moledina, Shahin, Montani, David, Moore, Anthony T., Moore, Jason, Morrell, Nicholas W., Morrisson, Valerie, Mozere, Monika, Muir, Keith W., Mumford, Andrew D., Murng, Sai H.K., Nasir, Iman, Nejentsev, Sergey, Newnham, Michael, Ng, Joanne, Ngoh, Adeline, Noorani, Sadia, Noori, Muna, Nurden, Paquita, O’Sullivan, Jennifer M., Obaji, Samya, Okoli, Steven, Oksenhendler, Eric, Olschewski, Andrea, Olschewski, Horst, Ong, Albert C.M., Ong, Kai Ren, Oram, Helen, Ormondroyd, Elizabeth, Othman, Shokri, Ouwehand, Willem H., Pantazis, Antonis, Papadia, Sofia, Papandreou, Apostolos, Park, Soo Mi, Parker, Alasdair P.J., Parry, David, Parsons, Georgina, Pasi, K. John, Paterson, Joan, Payne, Jeanette H., Peacock, Andrew J., Peerlinck, Kathelijne, Pepke-Zaba, Joanna, Perry, David, Petersen, Romina, Piechowski-Jozwiak, Bartlomiej, Pinto, Fernando, Polwarth, Gary J., Ponsford, Mark J., Prasad, Sanjay, Prokopenko, Inga, Psaila, Beth, Pyle, Angela, Qasim, Waseem, Quinn, Ellen, Quinti, Isabella, Raina, Sanjay, Ranganathan, Lavanya, Rankin, Julia, Rankin, Stuart, Rao, Anupama, Raymond, F. Lucy, Rehnstrom, Karola, Reid, Evan, Reilly, Mary M., Renton, Tara, Revel-Vilk, Shoshana, Rhodes, Christopher J., Rice, Andrew S.C., Richards, Emma E., Richards, Mike, Richardson, Sylvia, Richter, Alex, Robert, Leema, Roberts, Irene, Rondina, Matthew T., Rosser, Elisabeth, Rothwell, Peter, Roughley, Catherine, Roy, Noemi B., Rue-Albrecht, Kevin, Sadeghi-Alavijeh, Omid, Saleem, Moin A., Salmon, Richard M., Samani, Nilesh J., Sambrook, Jennifer G., Sandford, Richard, Santra, Saikat, Satchell, Simon C., Savic, Sinisa, Scelsi, Laura, Schotte, Gwen, Schulman, Sol, Schulze, Harald, Scott, Richard, Scully, Marie, Searle, Claire, Seeger, Werner, Sewell, W. A.Carrock, Seyres, Denis, Shackley, Fiona, Shamardina, Olga, Shapiro, Susan E., Sharma, Pankaj, Shehata, Hassan A., Shipley, Deborah, Shtoyerman, Rakefet, Sibson, Keith, Side, Lucy, Simpson, Michael, Sims, Matthew C., Sinha, Manish D., Sivapalaratnam, Suthesh, Skytte, Anne Bine, Smith, Kenneth G.C., Snape, Katie, Sneddon, Linda, Sohal, Aman, Soubrier, Florent, Southgate, Laura, Southwood, Mark, Splitt, Miranda, Staines, Simon, Stark, Hannah, Stauss, Hans, Steele, Cathal L., Stein, Daniel, Stein, Penelope E., Stock, Sophie, Stubbs, Matthew J., Suntharalingam, Jay, Swietlik, Emilia M., Symington, Emily, Tait, R. Campbell, Talks, Kate, Tan, Rhea Y.Y., Taylor, Gordon B., Thachil, Jecko, Themistocleous, Andreas C., Thomas, David C., Thomas, Ellen, Thomas, Patrick, Thompson, Dorothy A., Thomson, Kate, Thrasher, Adrian J., Thys, Chantal, Tilly, Tobias, Tischkowitz, Marc, Titterton, Catherine, Todd, John A., Toh, Cheng Hock, Tool, Anton T.J., Toshner, Mark R., Traylor, Matthew, Treacy, Carmen M., Treadaway, Paul, Trembath, Richard C., Trippier, Sarah, Tuna, Salih, Turek, Wojciech, Turro, Ernest, Upton, Paul D., Urniaz, Rafal, Vale, Tom, Van Geet, Chris, van Zuydam, Natalie, Vandersteen, Anthony M., Vazquez-Lopez, Marta, Veltman, Marijcke W.M., Vogt, Julie, von Ziegenweidt, Julie, Noordegraaf, Anton Vonk, Vora, Ajay, Vries, Minka J.A., Wakeling, Emma L., Walker, Neil, Walker, Suellen M., Walsh, Roddy, Wanjiku, Ivy, Ware, James S., Warner, Timothy Q., Wassmer, Evangeline, Watkins, Hugh, Watson, Henry G., Watt, Christopher, Waugh, Dean, Webb, Nick, Webster, Andrew R., Wei, Wei, Welch, Angela, Welch, Steven B., Werring, David, Wessels, Julie, Westbury, Sarah K., Westwood, John Paul W., Wharton, John, Whitehorn, Deborah, Whitworth, James, Wilkins, Martin R., Willcocks, Lisa, Williams, David J., Williamson, Catherine, Wong, Edwin K.S., Wood, Nicholas, Wood, Yvette, Woods, Christopher Geoffrey, Woodward, Emma R., Workman, Sarita, Wort, Stephen J., Yates, Katherine, Yeatman, Nigel, Yong, Patrick F.K., Young, Timothy, Yu, Ping, Yu-Wai-Man, Patrick, Zlamalova, Eliska, Pulmonary medicine, ACS - Pulmonary hypertension & thrombosis, and ACS - Atherosclerosis & ischemic syndromes

Abstract

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Published
2020
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25. Non-specific lipid transfer protein allergy in United Kingdom

Author

Pavaladurai Vijayadurai, Roweida Sammour, and Ariharan Anantharachagan

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Allergy, Non specific, business.industry, Immunology, MEDLINE, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, Young adult, Bioinformatics, business, medicine.disease, Plant lipid transfer proteins
Published
2019
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28. Physiology

Author

Anantharachagan, Arisudhan, primary, Sarris, Ippokratis, additional, and Ugwumadu, Austin, additional

Published
2011
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29. Endocrinology

Author

Anantharachagan, Arisudhan, primary, Sarris, Ippokratis, additional, and Ugwumadu, Austin, additional

Published
2011
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30. Microbiology

Author

Anantharachagan, Arisudhan, primary, Sarris, Ippokratis, additional, and Ugwumadu, Austin, additional

Published
2011
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31. Biochemistry

Author

Anantharachagan, Arisudhan, primary, Sarris, Ippokratis, additional, and Ugwumadu, Austin, additional

Published
2011
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33. Anatomy

Author

Anantharachagan, Arisudhan, primary, Sarris, Ippokratis, additional, and Ugwumadu, Austin, additional

Published
2011
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34. Genetics

Author

Anantharachagan, Arisudhan, primary, Sarris, Ippokratis, additional, and Ugwumadu, Austin, additional

Published
2011
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35. Research tools

Author

Anantharachagan, Arisudhan, primary, Sarris, Ippokratis, additional, and Ugwumadu, Austin, additional

Published
2011
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37. Immunology

Author

Anantharachagan, Arisudhan, primary, Sarris, Ippokratis, additional, and Ugwumadu, Austin, additional

Published
2011
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39. COVID-19 in patients with primary and secondary immunodeficiency: The United Kingdom experience

Author

Shields, Adrian M., primary, Burns, Siobhan O., additional, Savic, Sinisa, additional, Richter, Alex G., additional, Anantharachagan, Ariharan, additional, Arumugakani, Gururaj, additional, Baker, Kenneth, additional, Bahal, Sameer, additional, Bermingham, William, additional, Bhole, Malini, additional, Boules, Evon, additional, Bright, Philip, additional, Burns, Siobhan, additional, Cleave, Betsy, additional, Dempster, John, additional, Devlin, Lisa, additional, Dhalla, Fatima, additional, Drewe, Elizabeth, additional, Duncan, Christopher, additional, Dziadzio, Magdalena, additional, Elkhalifa, Shuayb, additional, Gennery, Andrew, additional, Goddard, Sarah, additional, Grigoriadou, Sofia, additional, Hayman, Grant, additional, Herwadkar, Archana, additional, Huissoon, Aarnoud, additional, Jain, Rashmi, additional, Jolles, Stephen, additional, Johnston, Sarah, additional, Leeman, Lucy, additional, Mahabir, Shanti, additional, MacLochlainn, Dylan, additional, McDermott, Elizabeth, additional, Misbah, Siraj, additional, Morsi, Hadeil, additional, Murng, Sai, additional, Noorani, Sadia, additional, O’Brien, Rachael, additional, Patel, Smita, additional, Price, Arthur, additional, Richter, Alex, additional, Seneviratne, Suranjith, additional, Shields, Adrian, additional, Shrimpton, Anna, additional, Stroud, Catherine, additional, Vaitla, Prashantha, additional, and Verma, Nisha, additional

Published
2021
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40. Characterization of the clinical and immunologic phenotype and management of 157 individuals with 56 distinct heterozygous NFKB1 mutations

Author

Lorenzini, Tiziana, primary, Fliegauf, Manfred, additional, Klammer, Nils, additional, Frede, Natalie, additional, Proietti, Michele, additional, Bulashevska, Alla, additional, Camacho-Ordonez, Nadezhda, additional, Varjosalo, Markku, additional, Kinnunen, Matias, additional, de Vries, Esther, additional, van der Meer, Jos W.M., additional, Ameratunga, Rohan, additional, Roifman, Chaim M., additional, Schejter, Yael D., additional, Kobbe, Robin, additional, Hautala, Timo, additional, Atschekzei, Faranaz, additional, Schmidt, Reinhold E., additional, Schröder, Claudia, additional, Stepensky, Polina, additional, Shadur, Bella, additional, Pedroza, Luis A., additional, van der Flier, Michiel, additional, Martínez-Gallo, Mónica, additional, Gonzalez-Granado, Luis Ignacio, additional, Allende, Luis M., additional, Shcherbina, Anna, additional, Kuzmenko, Natalia, additional, Zakharova, Victoria, additional, Neves, João Farela, additional, Svec, Peter, additional, Fischer, Ute, additional, Ip, Winnie, additional, Bartsch, Oliver, additional, Barış, Safa, additional, Klein, Christoph, additional, Geha, Raif, additional, Chou, Janet, additional, Alosaimi, Mohammed, additional, Weintraub, Lauren, additional, Boztug, Kaan, additional, Hirschmugl, Tatjana, additional, Dos Santos Vilela, Maria Marluce, additional, Holzinger, Dirk, additional, Seidl, Maximilian, additional, Lougaris, Vassilios, additional, Plebani, Alessandro, additional, Alsina, Laia, additional, Piquer-Gibert, Monica, additional, Deyà-Martínez, Angela, additional, Slade, Charlotte A., additional, Aghamohammadi, Asghar, additional, Abolhassani, Hassan, additional, Hammarström, Lennart, additional, Kuismin, Outi, additional, Helminen, Merja, additional, Allen, Hana Lango, additional, Thaventhiran, James E., additional, Freeman, Alexandra F., additional, Cook, Matthew, additional, Bakhtiar, Shahrzad, additional, Christiansen, Mette, additional, Cunningham-Rundles, Charlotte, additional, Patel, Niraj C., additional, Rae, William, additional, Niehues, Tim, additional, Brauer, Nina, additional, Syrjänen, Jaana, additional, Seppänen, Mikko R.J., additional, Burns, Siobhan O., additional, Tuijnenburg, Paul, additional, Kuijpers, Taco W., additional, Warnatz, Klaus, additional, Grimbacher, Bodo, additional, Adhya, Zoe, additional, Alachkar, Hana, additional, Anantharachagan, Ariharan, additional, Antrobus, Richard, additional, Arumugakani, Gururaj, additional, Ashford, Sofie, additional, Astle, William J., additional, Attwood, Anthony, additional, Bacchelli, Chiara, additional, Batista, Joana, additional, Baxendale, Helen E., additional, Bethune, Claire, additional, Bibi, Shahnaz, additional, Bleda, Marta, additional, Boardman, Barbara, additional, Booth, Claire, additional, Bradley, John R., additional, Breen, Gerome, additional, Brown, Matthew, additional, Browning, Michael J., additional, Brownlie, Mary, additional, Buckland, Matthew S., additional, Burren, Oliver S., additional, Carss, Keren, additional, Chambers, John, additional, Chandra, Anita, additional, Brod, Naomi Clements, additional, Clifford, Hayley, additional, Cooper, Nichola, additional, Daugherty, Louise C., additional, Davies, E.G., additional, Davies, Sophie, additional, Davis, John, additional, Deacock, Sarah, additional, Deevi, Sri V.V., additional, Dempster, John, additional, Devlin, Lisa A., additional, Dewhurst, Eleanor F., additional, Downes, Kate, additional, Drewe, Elizabeth, additional, Duarte, Daniel, additional, Edgar, J. David M., additional, Edwards, Karen, additional, Egner, William, additional, El-Shanawany, Tariq, additional, Erwood, Marie, additional, Fletcher, Debra, additional, Fox, James, additional, Frary, Amy J., additional, Frontini, Mattia, additional, Furnell, Abigail, additional, Gaspar, H. Bobby, additional, Ghurye, Rohit, additional, Gilmour, Kimberly C., additional, Gleadall, Nicholas S., additional, Goddard, Sarah, additional, Gordins, Pavels, additional, Gräf, Stefan, additional, Grassi, Luigi, additional, Greene, Daniel, additional, Grigoriadou, Sofia, additional, Hackett, Scott, additional, Hague, Rosie, additional, Haimel, Matthias, additional, Harper, Lorraine, additional, Hayman, Grant, additional, Herwadkar, Archana, additional, Hu, Fengyuan, additional, Hughes, Stephen, additional, Huissoon, Aarnoud P., additional, James, Roger, additional, Jolles, Stephen, additional, Jolley, Jennifer, additional, Jones, Julie, additional, Karim, Yousuf, additional, Kasanicki, Mary A., additional, Kelleher, Peter, additional, Kempster, Carly, additional, Kiani, Sorena, additional, Kingston, Nathalie, additional, Klein, Nigel, additional, Kostadima, Myrto, additional, Kreuzhuber, Roman, additional, Kumararatne, Dinakantha, additional, Laffan, James, additional, Lear, Sara E., additional, Linger, Rachel, additional, Longhurst, Hilary, additional, Lorenzo, Lorena E., additional, Lyons, Paul A., additional, Maimaris, Jesmeen, additional, Manson, Ania, additional, Mapeta, Rutendo, additional, Martin, Jennifer, additional, McCarthy, Mark I., additional, McDermott, Elizabeth M., additional, McKinney, Harriet, additional, Meacham, Stuart, additional, Megy, Karyn, additional, Millar, Hazel, additional, Mistry, Anoop, additional, Morrisson, Valerie, additional, Murng, Sai H.K., additional, Nasir, Iman, additional, Nejentsev, Sergey, additional, Noorani, Sadia, additional, Oksenhendler, Eric, additional, Ouwehand, Willem H., additional, Papadia, Sofia, additional, Penkett, Christopher J., additional, Petersen, Romina, additional, Ponsford, Mark J., additional, Qasim, Waseem, additional, Quinn, Ellen, additional, Quinti, Isabella, additional, Raymond, F. Lucy, additional, Rayner-Matthews, Paula J., additional, Richter, Alex, additional, Samani, Nilesh, additional, Samarghitean, Crina, additional, Sanchis-Juan, Alba, additional, Sargur, Ravishankar B., additional, Savic, Sinisa, additional, Seneviratne, Suranjith L., additional, Sewell, W.A. Carrock, additional, Seyres, Denis, additional, Shackley, Fiona, additional, Shamardina, Olga, additional, Simeoni, Ilenia, additional, Simpson, Michael A., additional, Smith, Kenneth G.C., additional, Staines, Simon, additional, Staples, Emily, additional, Stark, Hannah, additional, Stauss, Hans, additional, Steele, Cathal L., additional, Stephens, Jonathan, additional, Stirrups, Kathleen E., additional, Thomas, David, additional, Thomas, Moira J., additional, Thomas, Patrick, additional, Thrasher, Adrian J., additional, Tilly, Tobias, additional, Titterton, Catherine, additional, Treadaway, Paul, additional, Tuna, Salih, additional, Turro, Ernest, additional, Urniaz, Rafal, additional, von Ziegenweidt, Julie, additional, Walker, Neil, additional, Watt, Christopher, additional, Welch, Steven B., additional, Whitehorn, Deborah, additional, Willcocks, Lisa, additional, Wood, Nicholas, additional, Wood, Yvette, additional, Workman, Sarita, additional, Worth, Austen, additional, Yates, Katherine, additional, Yeatman, Nigel, additional, Yong, Patrick F.K., additional, Young, Timothy, additional, Yu, Ping, additional, and Zlamalova, Eliska, additional

Published
2020
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41. Whole-genome sequencing of a sporadic primary immunodeficiency cohort

Author

Thaventhiran, James E.D., Lango Allen, Hana, Burren, Oliver S., Rae, William, Greene, Daniel, Staples, Emily, Zhang, Zinan, Farmery, James H.R., Simeoni, Ilenia, Rivers, Elizabeth, Maimaris, Jesmeen, Penkett, Christopher J., Stephens, Jonathan, Deevi, Sri V.V., Sanchis-Juan, Alba, Gleadall, Nicholas S., Thomas, Moira J., Sargur, Ravishankar B., Gordins, Pavels, Baxendale, Helen E., Brown, Matthew, Tuijnenburg, Paul, Worth, Austen, Hanson, Steven, Linger, Rachel J., Buckland, Matthew S., Rayner-Matthews, Paula J., Gilmour, Kimberly C., Samarghitean, Crina, Seneviratne, Suranjith L., Sansom, David M., Lynch, Andy G., Megy, Karyn, Ellinghaus, Eva, Ellinghaus, David, Jorgensen, Silje F., Karlsen, Tom H., Stirrups, Kathleen E., Cutler, Antony J., Kumararatne, Dinakantha S., Chandra, Anita, Edgar, J. David M., Herwadkar, Archana, Cooper, Nichola, Grigoriadou, Sofia, Huissoon, Aarnoud P., Goddard, Sarah, Jolles, Stephen, Schuetz, Catharina, Boschann, Felix, Abbs, Stephen, Adhya, Zoe, Adlard, Julian, Afzal, Maryam, Ahmed, Irshad, Ahmed, Munaza, Ahmed, Saeed, Aitman, Timothy J., Alachkar, Hana, Alamelu, Jayanthi, Alikhan, Raza, Allen, Carl E., Allen, Louise, Allsup, David J., Alvi, Arif, Ambegaonkar, Gautam, Anantharachagan, Ariharan, Ancliff, Philip, Anderson, Julie, Antrobus, Richard, Armstrong, Ruth, Arno, Gavin, Arumugakani, Gururaj, Arya, Rita, Ashford, Sofie, Astle, William J., Attwood, Anthony, Austin, Steve, Aydinok, Yesim, Ayub, Waqar, Babbs, Christian, Bacchelli, Chiara, Baglin, Trevor, Bakchoul, Tamam, Bariana, Tadbir K., Barratt, Jonathan, Barwell, Julian, Baski, John, Bates, Rachel W., Batista, Joana, Baynam, Gareth, Bennett, David L., Bethune, Claire, Bhatnagar, Neha, Bibi, Shahnaz, Bierzynska, Agnieszka, Biss, Tina, Bitner-Glindzicz, Maria A.K., Bleda, Marta, Blesneac, Iulia, Boardman, Barbara, Boddana, Preetham, Bogaard, Harm J., Booth, Claire, Boyce, Sara, Bradley, John R., Brady, Angela, Breen, Gerome, Brennan, Paul, Brewer, Carole, Briley, Annette, Brown, Richard, Browning, Michael J., Brownlie, Mary, Bryson, Christine J., Buchan, Rachel J., Buck, Jackie, Bueser, Teofila, Diz, Carmen Bugarin, Burns, Siobhan O., Calleja, Paul, Carmichael, Jenny, Carr-White, Gerald, Carss, Keren J., Casey, Ruth, Chalmers, Elizabeth, Chambers, Jenny, Chambers, John, Chan, Melanie M.Y., Chan, Melissa V., Cheng, Floria, Chinn, Ivan K., Chinnery, Patrick F., Chitre, Manali, Chong, Sam, Christian, Martin T., Church, Colin, Clement, Emma M., Brod, Naomi Clements, Clifford, Hayley, Clowes, Virginia E., Coghlan, Gerry, Colby, Elizabeth, Cole, Trevor R.P., Collins, Janine H., Collins, Peter W., Condliffe, Robin, Cook, H. Terence, Cook, Stuart, Cookson, Victoria, Corris, Paul A., Creaser-Myers, Amanda, Crisp-Hihn, Abigail, Curry, Nicola S., Da Costa, Rosa, Danesino, Cesare, Daniels, Matthew J., Darby, Damaris, Daugherty, Louise C., Davies, E. G., Davies, Sophie, Davis, John, de Bree, Godelieve J., Deacock, Sarah, Deegan, Patrick B., Dempster, John, Dent, Timothy, Deshpande, Charu, Devlin, Lisa A., Dewhurst, Eleanor F., Dixit, Anand K., Dixon, Peter H., Doffinger, Rainer, Dolling, Helen, Dormand, Natalie, Downes, Kate, Drazyk, Anna M., Drewe, Elizabeth, Duarte, Daniel, Dutt, Tina, Edwards, Karen E., Egner, William, Ekani, Melanie N., El-Shanawany, Tariq, Elkhalifa, Shuayb, Elston, Tony, Emmerson, Ingrid, Erber, Wendy N., Erwood, Marie, Estiu, Maria C., Evans, Dafydd Gareth, Evans, Gillian, Everington, Tamara, Eyries, Mélanie, Favier, Remi, Firth, Helen V., Fitzpatrick, Maggie M., Fletcher, Debra, Flinter, Frances A., Fox, James C., Frary, Amy J., French, Courtney E., Freson, Kathleen, Frontini, Mattia, Furie, Bruce, Gale, Daniel P., Gall, Henning J., Gardham, Alice, Gaspar, H. Bobby, Gattens, Michael, Ghali, Neeti, Ghataorhe, Pavandeep K., Ghio, Stefano, Ghofrani, Hossein Ardeschir, Ghurye, Rohit, Gibbs, J. Simon R., Gilbert, Rodney D., Girerd, Barbara, Girling, Joanna C., Gissen, Paul, Gorman, Kathleen M., Gosal, David, Graf, Stefan, Grassi, Luigi, Greenhalgh, Alan J., Greenhalgh, Lynn, Greinacher, Andreas, Gresele, Paolo, Griffiths, Philip G., Griffiths, Sian, Grozeva, Detelina, Hackett, Scott J., Hadden, Robert D.M., Hadinnapola, Charaka, Hague, Rosie, Hague, William M., Haimel, Matthias, Hall, Matthew, Halmagyi, Csaba, Hammerton, Tracey, Hanson, Helen L., Harkness, Kirsty, Harper, Andrew R., Harper, Lorraine, Harris, Claire, Harrison, Claire, Hart, Daniel, Hassan, Ahamad, Hayman, Grant, Heemskerk, Johan W.M., Hegde, Shivaram, Henderson, Alex, Henderson, Robert H., Hensiek, Anke, Henskens, Yvonne M.C., Hodgson, Joshua, Hoffman, Jonathan, Holden, Simon, Holder, Muriel, Horvath, Rita, Houlden, Henry, Houweling, Arjan C., Howard, Luke S., Hu, Fengyuan, Hudson, Gavin, Hughes, Sean, Hughes, Stephen, Huis in ‘t Veld, Anna E., Humbert, Marc, Hurles, Matthew E., Hurst, Jane A., Irvine, Val, Izatt, Louise, James, Roger, Jeevaratnam, Praveen, Johnson, Mark, Johnson, Sally A., Jolley, Jennifer D., Jones, Bryony, Jones, Julie, Josifova, Dragana, Jurkute, Neringa, Karim, Yousuf M., Karoshi, Mahantesh A., Kasanicki, Mary A., Kazkaz, Hanadi, Kazmi, Rashid, Keeling, David, Kelleher, Peter, Kelly, Anne M., Kempster, Carly, Kennedy, Fiona, Kiani, Sorena, Kiely, David G., Kingston, Nathalie, Kinsey, Sally, Klein, Nigel, Klima, Robert, Knox, Ellen, Kostadima, Myrto A., Kovacs, Gabor, Koziell, Ania B., Kreuzhuber, Roman, Krishnakumar, Deepa, Kuijpers, Taco W., Kumar, Ajith, Kurian, Manju A., Laffan, James, Laffan, Michael A., Lalloo, Fiona, Lambert, Michele P., Lawman, Sarah H.A., Lawrie, Allan, Layton, D. Mark, Lear, Sara E., Lees, Melissa M., Lentaigne, Claire, Levine, Adam P., Lewington, Andrew J.P., Li, Wei, Liesner, Ri, Liu, Bin, Longhurst, Hilary, Lorenzo, Lorena E., Louka, Eleni, Hadeler, Silvia Lucato, Lyons, Paul A., Macdougall, Malcolm, Machado, Rajiv D., MacKenzie Ross, Robert V., Mackillop, Lucy H., MacLaren, Robert, Madan, Bella, Magee, Laura, Mahdi-Rogers, Mohamed, Maher, Eamonn R., Makris, Mike, Mangles, Sarah, Manson, Ania, Manzur, Adnan, Mapeta, Rutendo, Marchbank, Kevin J., Mark, Patrick B., Marks, Stephen, Markus, Hugh S., Marschall, Hanns Ulrich, Marshall, Andrew, Martin, Jennifer M., Masati, Larahmie, Mathias, Mary, Matser, Vera, Matthews, Emma L., Maw, Anna, Maxwell, Heather, McAlinden, Paul, McCarthy, Mark I., McDermott, Elizabeth M., McGowan, Simon J., McJannet, Coleen, McKinney, Harriet, Meacham, Stuart, Mead, Adam J., Castello, Ignacio Medina, Meehan, Sharon, Mehta, Sarju, Mercer, Catherine L., Michaelides, Michel, Michell, Anna C., Milford, David, Millar, Carolyn M., Millar, Hazel, Mistry, Anoop, Moenen, Floor, Moledina, Shahin, Montani, David, Moore, Anthony T., Moore, Jason, Morrell, Nicholas W., Morrisson, Valerie, Mozere, Monika, Muir, Keith W., Mumford, Andrew D., Murng, Sai H.K., Nasir, Iman, Nejentsev, Sergey, Newnham, Michael, Ng, Joanne, Ngoh, Adeline, Noorani, Sadia, Noori, Muna, Nurden, Paquita, O’Sullivan, Jennifer M., Obaji, Samya, Okoli, Steven, Oksenhendler, Eric, Olschewski, Andrea, Olschewski, Horst, Ong, Albert C.M., Ong, Kai Ren, Oram, Helen, Ormondroyd, Elizabeth, Othman, Shokri, Ouwehand, Willem H., Pantazis, Antonis, Papadia, Sofia, Papandreou, Apostolos, Park, Soo Mi, Parker, Alasdair P.J., Parry, David, Parsons, Georgina, Pasi, K. John, Paterson, Joan, Payne, Jeanette H., Peacock, Andrew J., Peerlinck, Kathelijne, Pepke-Zaba, Joanna, Perry, David, Petersen, Romina, Piechowski-Jozwiak, Bartlomiej, Pinto, Fernando, Polwarth, Gary J., Ponsford, Mark J., Prasad, Sanjay, Prokopenko, Inga, Psaila, Beth, Pyle, Angela, Qasim, Waseem, Quinn, Ellen, Quinti, Isabella, Raina, Sanjay, Ranganathan, Lavanya, Rankin, Julia, Rankin, Stuart, Rao, Anupama, Raymond, F. Lucy, Rehnstrom, Karola, Reid, Evan, Reilly, Mary M., Renton, Tara, Revel-Vilk, Shoshana, Rhodes, Christopher J., Rice, Andrew S.C., Richards, Emma E., Richards, Mike, Richardson, Sylvia, Richter, Alex, Robert, Leema, Roberts, Irene, Rondina, Matthew T., Rosser, Elisabeth, Rothwell, Peter, Roughley, Catherine, Roy, Noemi B., Rue-Albrecht, Kevin, Sadeghi-Alavijeh, Omid, Saleem, Moin A., Salmon, Richard M., Samani, Nilesh J., Sambrook, Jennifer G., Sandford, Richard, Santra, Saikat, Satchell, Simon C., Savic, Sinisa, Scelsi, Laura, Schotte, Gwen, Schulman, Sol, Schulze, Harald, Scott, Richard, Scully, Marie, Searle, Claire, Seeger, Werner, Sewell, W. A.Carrock, Seyres, Denis, Shackley, Fiona, Shamardina, Olga, Shapiro, Susan E., Sharma, Pankaj, Shehata, Hassan A., Shipley, Deborah, Shtoyerman, Rakefet, Sibson, Keith, Side, Lucy, Simpson, Michael, Sims, Matthew C., Sinha, Manish D., Sivapalaratnam, Suthesh, Skytte, Anne Bine, Smith, Kenneth G.C., Snape, Katie, Sneddon, Linda, Sohal, Aman, Soubrier, Florent, Southgate, Laura, Southwood, Mark, Splitt, Miranda, Staines, Simon, Stark, Hannah, Stauss, Hans, Steele, Cathal L., Stein, Daniel, Stein, Penelope E., Stock, Sophie, Stubbs, Matthew J., Suntharalingam, Jay, Swietlik, Emilia M., Symington, Emily, Tait, R. Campbell, Talks, Kate, Tan, Rhea Y.Y., Taylor, Gordon B., Thachil, Jecko, Themistocleous, Andreas C., Thomas, David C., Thomas, Ellen, Thomas, Patrick, Thompson, Dorothy A., Thomson, Kate, Thrasher, Adrian J., Thys, Chantal, Tilly, Tobias, Tischkowitz, Marc, Titterton, Catherine, Todd, John A., Toh, Cheng Hock, Tool, Anton T.J., Toshner, Mark R., Traylor, Matthew, Treacy, Carmen M., Treadaway, Paul, Trembath, Richard C., Trippier, Sarah, Tuna, Salih, Turek, Wojciech, Turro, Ernest, Upton, Paul D., Urniaz, Rafal, Vale, Tom, Van Geet, Chris, van Zuydam, Natalie, Vandersteen, Anthony M., Vazquez-Lopez, Marta, Veltman, Marijcke W.M., Vogt, Julie, von Ziegenweidt, Julie, Noordegraaf, Anton Vonk, Vora, Ajay, Vries, Minka J.A., Wakeling, Emma L., Walker, Neil, Walker, Suellen M., Walsh, Roddy, Wanjiku, Ivy, Ware, James S., Warner, Timothy Q., Wassmer, Evangeline, Watkins, Hugh, Watson, Henry G., Watt, Christopher, Waugh, Dean, Webb, Nick, Webster, Andrew R., Wei, Wei, Welch, Angela, Welch, Steven B., Werring, David, Wessels, Julie, Westbury, Sarah K., Westwood, John Paul W., Wharton, John, Whitehorn, Deborah, Whitworth, James, Wilkins, Martin R., Willcocks, Lisa, Williams, David J., Williamson, Catherine, Wong, Edwin K.S., Wood, Nicholas, Wood, Yvette, Woods, Christopher Geoffrey, Woodward, Emma R., Workman, Sarita, Wort, Stephen J., Yates, Katherine, Yeatman, Nigel, Yong, Patrick F.K., Young, Timothy, Yu, Ping, Yu-Wai-Man, Patrick, Zlamalova, Eliska, Wellcome Trust, Thaventhiran, James [0000-0001-8616-074X], Lango Allen, Hana [0000-0002-7803-8688], Burren, Oliver [0000-0002-3388-5760], Rae, William [0000-0003-0095-2514], Zhang, Zinan [0000-0003-3831-2272], Megy, Karyn [0000-0002-2826-3879], Johnson, Kathleen [0000-0002-6823-3252], Smith, Kenneth [0000-0003-3829-4326], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, University of St Andrews. School of Medicine, University of St Andrews. Statistics, University of St Andrews. Sir James Mackenzie Institute for Early Diagnosis, University of St Andrews. Cellular Medicine Division, Ege Üniversitesi, Experimental Immunology, Graduate School, AII - Inflammatory diseases, Infectious diseases, APH - Aging & Later Life, APH - Global Health, Paediatric Infectious Diseases / Rheumatology / Immunology, ARD - Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Pulmonary medicine, ACS - Pulmonary hypertension & thrombosis, Human genetics, APH - Quality of Care, ACS - Atherosclerosis & ischemic syndromes, Biochemie, RS: Carim - B03 Cell biochemistry of thrombosis and haemostasis, Faculteit FHML Centraal, MUMC+: DA CDL Algemeen (9), RS: GROW - R3 - Innovative Cancer Diagnostics & Therapy, MUMC+: MA Hematologie (9), Interne Geneeskunde, and Promovendi CD

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 2/genetics, Genome-wide association study, VARIANTS, Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid, medicine.disease_cause, Genome, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, RARE, QR180 Immunology, Primary Immunodeficiency Consortium for the NIHR Bioresource, Genetics, Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 2, Multidisciplinary, Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 1 Protein/genetics, GENETIC-VARIATION, RNA-Binding Proteins, Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases/diagnosis, ASSOCIATION, Penetrance, Multidisciplinary Sciences, DEFICIENCY, QR180, Science & Technology - Other Topics, Female, General Science & Technology, Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases, Transcription Factors/genetics, Genomics, COMMON VARIABLE IMMUNODEFICIENCY, QH426 Genetics, Biology, Article, Actin-Related Protein 2-3 Complex, 03 medical and health sciences, Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 1 Protein, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, SUPPRESSOR, Actin-Related Protein 2-3 Complex/genetics, medicine, Humans, QH426, Whole genome sequencing, Science & Technology, Whole Genome Sequencing, Common variable immunodeficiency, DAS, Bayes Theorem, Immune dysregulation, Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid/genetics, medicine.disease, RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics, STAT1 MUTATIONS, 030104 developmental biology, Primary immunodeficiency, IUIS PHENOTYPIC CLASSIFICATION, GAIN, 030215 immunology, Genome-Wide Association Study, Transcription Factors
Abstract

Primary immunodeficiency (PID) is characterized by recurrent and often life-threatening infections, autoimmunity and cancer, and it poses major diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Although the most severe forms of PID are identified in early childhood, most patients present in adulthood, typically with no apparent family history and a variable clinical phenotype of widespread immune dysregulation: about 25% of patients have autoimmune disease, allergy is prevalent and up to 10% develop lymphoid malignancies1–3. Consequently, in sporadic (or non-familial) PID genetic diagnosis is difficult and the role of genetics is not well defined. Here we address these challenges by performing whole-genome sequencing in a large PID cohort of 1,318 participants. An analysis of the coding regions of the genome in 886 index cases of PID found that disease-causing mutations in known genes that are implicated in monogenic PID occurred in 10.3% of these patients, and a Bayesian approach (BeviMed4) identified multiple new candidate PID-associated genes, including IVNS1ABP. We also examined the noncoding genome, and found deletions in regulatory regions that contribute to disease causation. In addition, we used a genome-wide association study to identify loci that are associated with PID, and found evidence for the colocalization of—and interplay between—novel high-penetrance monogenic variants and common variants (at the PTPN2 and SOCS1 loci). This begins to explain the contribution of common variants to the variable penetrance and phenotypic complexity that are observed in PID. Thus, using a cohort-based whole-genome-sequencing approach in the diagnosis of PID can increase diagnostic yield and further our understanding of the key pathways that influence immune responsiveness in humans. © 2020, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited., Wellcome Trust, WT: 104807/Z/14/Z University College London, UCL: 100140/Z/12/Z, 107212/Z/15/Z, MR/L019027, 203141/Z/16/Z, 091157/Z/10/Z Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, BMBF: 01ZX1306A University of Cambridge 201250/Z/16/Z 01ZX1709 Seventh Framework Programme, FP7 NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG: EXC 2167-390884018 Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation United Kingdom, JDRF: 9-2011-253, 5-SRA-2015-130-A-N National Institute for Health Research, NIHR: RG65966 Medical Research Council, MRC: RG95376, MR/L006197/1 Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, GOSH, Acknowledgements The NBR-RD PID Consortium is part of the NIHR BioResource, for which funding was provided by the NIHR (NIHR, grant number RG65966). We acknowledge the participation of all NIHR BioResource volunteers, and thank the NIHR BioResource centre and staff for their contribution. J.E.D.T. is supported by the Medical Research Council (MRC) (RG95376 and MR/L006197/1); A.J.T. is supported by the Wellcome Trust (104807/Z/14/Z) and the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust and University College London; K.G.C.S. is supported by the MRC (programme grant MR/L019027) and is a Wellcome Investigator; A.J.C. was supported by the Wellcome Trust (091157/Z/10/Z, 107212/Z/15/Z, 100140/Z/12/Z, 203141/Z/16/Z), JDRF (9-2011-253, 5-SRA-2015-130-A-N), NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre; E.E. has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-COFUND) under grant agreement number 609020-Scientia Fellows; E.R. is supported by the Wellcome Trust (201250/Z/16/Z); D.E. is supported by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) within the framework of the e:Med research and funding concept (SysInflame grant 01ZX1306A; GB-XMAP grant 01ZX1709) and funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG; German Research Foundation) under Germany’s Excellence Strategy (EXC 2167-390884018). The NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) is a partnership between Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Cambridge, funded by the NIHR. This research was co-funded by the support listed above and the NIHR Cambridge BRC.

Published
2020
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42. Diagnosis of a Lymphoenteric Fistula by Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography/Computed Tomography Lymphoscintigraphy

Author

Ariharan Anantharachagan

Subjects
medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Fistula, Protein losing enteropathy, Case Report, Computed tomography, General Medicine, Single-photon emission computed tomography, medicine.disease, Small Bowel, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, medicine, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Imaging technique, Nuclear medicine, business, Emission computed tomography
Abstract

Protein losing enteropathy can present as an immunodeficiency. This report describes a rare cause of protein losing enteropathy due to a lymphoenteric fistula and how a novel use of a pre-existing combined imaging technique of single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography lymphoscintigraphy helped in making the diagnosis.

Published
2020
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43. Loss-of-function nuclear factor κB subunit 1 (NFKB1) variants are the most common monogenic cause of common variable immunodeficiency in Europeans

Author

Tuijnenburg, P., Lango Allen, H., Burns, S.O., Greene, D., Jansen, M.H., Staples, E., Stephens, J., Carss, K.J., Biasci, D., Baxendale, H., Thomas, M., Chandra, A., Kiani-Alikhan, S., Longhurst, H.J., Seneviratne, S.L., Oksenhendler, E., Simeoni, I., de Bree, G.J., Tool, A.T.J., van Leeuwen, E.M.M., Ebberink, E.H.T.M., Meijer, A.B., Tuna, S., Whitehorn, D., Brown, M., Turro, E., Thrasher, A.J., Smith, K.G.C., Thaventhiran, J.E., Kuijpers, T.W., Adhya, Z., Alachkar, H., Anantharachagan, A., Antrobus, R., Arumugakani, G., Bacchelli, C., Bethune, C., Bibi, S., Boardman, B., Booth, C., Browning, M., Brownlie, M., Burns, S., Clifford, H., Cooper, N., Davies, S., Dempster, J., Devlin, L., Doffinger, R., Drewe, E., Edgar, D., Egner, W., El-Shanawany, T., Gaspar, B., Ghurye, R., Gilmour, K., Goddard, S., Gordins, P., Grigoriadou, S., Hackett, S., Hague, R., Harper, L., Hayman, G., Herwadkar, A., Hughes, S., Huissoon, A., Jolles, S., Jones, J., Kelleher, P., Klein, N., Kuijpers, T., Kumararatne, D., Laffan, J., Allen, H.L., Lear, S., Longhurst, H., Lorenzo, L., Maimaris, J., Manson, A., McDermott, E., Millar, H., Mistry, A., Morrisson, V., Murng, S., Nasir, I., and Nejentsev, S.

Abstract

Background: The genetic cause of primary immunodeficiency disease (PID) carries prognostic information. Objective: We conducted a whole-genome sequencing study assessing a large proportion of the NIHR BioResource–Rare Diseases cohort. Methods: In the predominantly European study population of principally sporadic unrelated PID cases (n = 846), a novel Bayesian method identified nuclear factor κB subunit 1 (NFKB1) as one of the genes most strongly associated with PID, and the association was explained by 16 novel heterozygous truncating, missense, and gene deletion variants. This accounted for 4% of common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) cases (n = 390) in the cohort. Amino acid substitutions predicted to be pathogenic were assessed by means of analysis of structural protein data. Immunophenotyping, immunoblotting, and ex vivo stimulation of lymphocytes determined the functional effects of these variants. Detailed clinical and pedigree information was collected for genotype-phenotype cosegregation analyses. Results: Both sporadic and familial cases demonstrated evidence of the noninfective complications of CVID, including massive lymphadenopathy (24%), unexplained splenomegaly (48%), and autoimmune disease (48%), features prior studies correlated with worse clinical prognosis. Although partial penetrance of clinical symptoms was noted in certain pedigrees, all carriers have a deficiency in B-lymphocyte differentiation. Detailed assessment of B-lymphocyte numbers, phenotype, and function identifies the presence of an increased CD21lowB-cell population. Combined with identification of the disease-causing variant, this distinguishes between healthy subjects, asymptomatic carriers, and clinically affected cases. Conclusion: We show that heterozygous loss-of-function variants in NFKB1 are the most common known monogenic cause of CVID, which results in a temporally progressive defect in the formation of immunoglobulin-producing B cells.

Published
2018

44. 1917 Comparison of Training Techniques in Gynecological Endoscopy in Various Parts of the World

Author

Latha Chaturvedula, HL Lee, L Mettler, Rajeev Singh, K Majumder, V Koothan, V.P. Singh, and A Anantharachagan

Subjects
Medical education, business.industry, education, Psychological intervention, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medicine, Training methods, business, Gynecological endoscopy, Training (civil), Endoscopic training
Abstract

Study Objective Endoscopy has improved in safety and utility over the years and is now part of standard Gynecological management. But Endoscopy has a learning curve and this may be steep in some instances. The role of systematic training is to improve the safety and efficacy of surgery and patient outcome. Problem Question Does Endoscopic training match the expectations of trainees and trainers, and is it currently being done in a systematic, safe, and effective manner with adequate supervision? Design Comparative analysis of training in Gynecological Endoscopy. This study compared and contrasted various centers in different countries worldwide, along with surveys of users and a review of literature in the field Setting The survey attempts to identify the strengths and deficiencies of different methods of training and make suggestions for improvement so that future surgeons and patients are benefitted. Patients or Participants Trainees and trainers in Gynecological Endoscopy in various centers around the world. Interventions N/A Measurements and Main Results Trainees worldwide are extremely keen to develop Endoscopic skills during their training. While some centers have an excellent & structured training, many don't, and there doesn't seem to be well defined standards (even within the same country in many cases) which trainees should aim to achieve. There is a huge variation in resources available, utilization, assessment of training, levels of involvement and supervision among centers and countries. Conclusion While very limited number of centers were assessed, this study contrasts the various training methods used in different centers, trainee expectations and suggests ways to improve training worldwide There is an urgent need to improve opportunities for training in this exciting and fast developing field while also maintaining standards and supervision to ensure safety of patients and development of skilled and safe surgeons for the future.

Published
2019
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47. New approach to investigate Common Variable Immunodeficiency patients using spectrochemical analysis of blood

Author

Callery, Emma, Medeiros-De-morais, Camilo De lelis, Paraskevaidi, Maria, Brusic, Vladimir, Vijayadurai, Pavaladurai, Anantharachagan, Ariharan, Martin, Francis L, Rowbottom, Anthony W., Callery, Emma, Medeiros-De-morais, Camilo De lelis, Paraskevaidi, Maria, Brusic, Vladimir, Vijayadurai, Pavaladurai, Anantharachagan, Ariharan, Martin, Francis L, and Rowbottom, Anthony W.

Abstract

Common variable immune deficiency (CVID) is a primary immunodeficiency disease, characterized by hypogammaglobulinemia, recurrent infections and various complications. The clinical heterogeneity of CVID has hindered identification of an underlying immune defect; diagnosis relies on clinical judgement, alongside evidence-based criteria. The lack of pathognomonic clinical or laboratory features leads to average diagnostic delays of 5 years or more from the onset. Vibrational spectroscopic techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy have recently gained increasing clinical importance, being rapid-, non-invasive and inexpensive methods to obtain information on the content of biological samples. This has led us to apply FTIR spectroscopy to the investigation of blood samples from a cohort of CVID patients; revealing spectral features capable of stratifying CVID patients from healthy controls with sensitivities and specificities of 97% and 93%, respectively for serum, and 94% and 95%, respectively for plasma. Furthermore we identified several discriminating spectral biomarkers; wavenumbers in regions indicative of nucleic acids (984 cm−1, 1053 cm−1, 1084 cm−1, 1115 cm−1, 1528 cm−1, 1639 cm−1), and a collagen-associated biomarker (1528 cm−1), which may represent future candidate biomarkers and provide new knowledge on the aetiology of CVID. This proof-of-concept study provides a basis for developing a novel diagnostic tool for CVID.

Published
2019

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