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This paper proposes an improved model for the nonlinear behavior of the components of Radio-over-Fiber (RoF) links focusing here on the laser source. In a previous work, it was shown with a flexible new opto-microwave design approach a first behavioral model of RoF links that exploited the hyperbolic tangent function (the so-called tanh model) to model the highpower nonlinearities. Since this was not sufficient to simulate adequately all the nonlinearities, in this work, for the first time in the authors’ knowledge, the improved nonlinear model based on Cann’s model is developed, on an electro optic transducer. Then the amplitude-to-amplitude conversion of the link is better taken into account with the introducing of nonlinear properties of the link at high input power in the model. The new transfer equation includes several parameters that can be adjusted to adapt the model to any of the components, especially the photo-emitters under study, which are the main cause of this type of nonlinear behavior of the system. In particular, this improved model is applied on the state-of-the-art 850 nm GaAs Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL), simulating several Figures of Merit such as the Error-Vector Magnitude (EVM) of a Long Term Evolution (LTE) signal with a Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK)and the output amplitude-modulated power versus input amplitude-modulated power, also called AM/AM curve. This new proposed nonlinear model outperforms other existing behavioral models and its non linear simulation better fits with the measurements. Finally, we conclude that the performance improvement highly depends on the nonlinearity sharpness parameter, depending on the frequency and the bias current.

As the most known and mature technology for radio over fiber is intensity modulation and direct detection technique, we investigate in this paper the phase modulation and interferometric detection as fronthaul transport option for 5G communications. We demonstrate by simulation the link ability to transmit data up to 12.5 Gb/s and determine key parameters to build an optimized link. The system simulation is done through electrical circuit representation of the optoelectronic components.

The joint exploitation of Radio over Fiber (RoF) and Time Modulated Arrays (TMA) is proposed, showing how, particularly within In-Building scenarios, it allows to combine the pervasiveness of the first technique with the beam-steering capability of the second. A cost-effective 3-element RoF-TMA system is presented and investigated, to realize a solution for small offices / private houses (SoHos). It is confirmed that bringing the feed to the antennas through the RoF system keeps the possibility for the TMA to radiate power at different frequencies, in each case with a steerable maximum direction. Referring to mobile signals with RF carriers of few GHz, it is shown that to guarantee, for each of the multiple beams emitted by the TMA, a maximum deviation of 5 from its ideal direction, it is sufficient that among the output branches of the 1:3 optical splitter utilized the length difference is maintained in the range of a few millimeters.

International audience; In this paper, we present a first measurement of Brillouin gain spectrum with dual-frequency solid-state laser. This allows a coherent detection of the Brillouin backscattered spectrum in a frequency range below the hundreds of MHz by fine tuning of the difference between the two cross-polarized fields emitted by the laser. The photodetection at low frequency benefits from the balanced detection technique where high dynamic range measurements are largely available. The narrow linewidth of the cross-polarized filed permits also the direct measurement of the Brillouin spectrum linewidth. The system is demonstrated by measuring the Brillouin frequency shift with temperature when standard single-mode fiber (SMF-28) and large effective area fiber (LEAF) are fully heated. This gives temperature coefficients close to theoretical expectations with values of 1.16 MHz/°C for SMF-28 and 1.15 MHz/°C for LEAF.

International audience; Analog radio-over-fiber technology is gaining interest as a potential candidate for radio signal transport over the future fronthaul section of the 5th generation (and beyond) radio access network. In this paper, we propose a radio-over-fiber fronthaul with intensity modulation in the downlink and phase modulation with interferometric detection in the uplink, for simplified and power efficient remote units. We conduct an experimental investigation and verification of theoretical and simulation models of the performance of the phase-modulated uplink and demonstrate the ability of such an architecture to transport single-channel and multi-channel 5G-type radio waveforms. Experimentally verified data rates of 4.3 Gbps and simulation-based predictions, using a well matched-to-measurements model of the uplink, of 12.4 Gbps are presented, with error-vector magnitude performance well within relevant standard specifications for 64-QAM.

Access transport network plays a vital role in actual mobile networks to support the need of high data rates, real time services and spectrum efficiency. The future 5G requires an access network with high performances especially in the mm-wave bands. In this work, we propose a radio-over-fiber architecture based on intensity modulation for the downlink and phase modulation for the uplink. This solution permits to cancel optical sources and reduces electrical consumption in the multiple base stations. We focus our study on the phase modulation and direct detection link by evaluation of the quality of the wireless transmitted signal.

A phase modulated analog optical link is studied using electrical circuit modeling. This link based on Mach–Zehnder interferometer is compared to a classical intensity modulated link. The analog performances are evaluated by circuit representation of optoelectronic and optical components in the electrical domain. The models include noise and nonlinear properties of those components and require careful formulation of simulation parameters. One of the advantages of this approach is that electronic circuits are combined to photonic components to fully analyze the system analog performances like gain, distortion and noise figure. The models can be easily implemented on a well-established electrical domain simulation tools with efficient simulation algorithms dedicated to microwave systems. It is shown that modeling tools are vital for such system design and can be used to performance evaluation of relevant and complex microwave photonic systems.

International audience; This paper presents the design and performance of a single-ended transimpedance amplifier (TIA) for gigabit passive optical networks (GPON) implementing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation format. The circuit is realized using an industrial GaAs integrated technology. Low power consumption and small chip area are the main challenges in the TIA design. On-wafer characterization in terms of S-parameters, noise figure, gain compression and intermodulation are presented and compared to simulated results showing a good agreement. The TIA is linked with a broadband PIN photodiode and introduced in a radio over fiber (RoF) system. The optical link is simulated in a microwave software and characterized in terms of error vector magnitude (EVM) by varying the radio frequency (RF) input power and the laser bias current.

In this paper, we focus on the study of large bandwidth wireless signal transmission following a 60 GHz standard over a multimode fiber link used to cover optical distribution for the last mile. To reduce the multimode effects within the fiber, a single mode fiber is first added to play a role of mode filter, and then replaced by a Mandrel as a filter. Error vector magnitude (EVM) is used as a metrics to analyze the signal degradation. Simulation results are confirmed by measurements. The EVM of the RoF links on single mode fiber, multimode fiber with and without filtering are compared.

SUMMARY We present a new approach for the performance analysis of hybrid fiber/wireless communication systems. This approach is based on a co-simulation using two types of dedicated software: the first is used for RF/wireless systems whereas the second is devoted to optical communication systems. The proposed method enables simultaneous simulation of all elements of the radio-over-fiber link with accurate modeling. A low-cost wireless local area network over a fiber distribution system is implemented in order to validate the results experimentally. Simulation results are in good agreement with experimental measurements in terms of EVM evolution for different link element configurations. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

In this paper, we present the main results of the developed electrical modelling of photonic components allowing simulation at both circuit and system levels of a photonic-microwave link. Distortions on RF analog signal and complex modulated digital signal can be evaluated respectively for defence and telecommunication applications.

In this paper two millimetre-wave (mm-wave) generation techniques involving optical heterodyne detection and the Mach-Zehnder Modulator (MZM) based optical comb technique are investigated. The heterodyne detection system is followed by a second order electrical feedback loop to reduce the phase noise. Simulations are carried out to study the effects of the laser parameters (e.g. RIN, Henry coefficient) on the generated mm-wave signal. The optical comb is made by a single driven MZM. The optimum biasing point is investigated and two lasers with different characteristics are used successively to generate optical comb. The two mm-wave generation methods are compared based on their carrier to noise ratio (CNR) performance.

International audience; Wireless domestic applications involving high data rates are required to work on millimeter wave band. Signal propagation at this frequency range is affected by walls and oxygen absorption which limits communication distances to few meters in one room. Radio coverage can be extended to other rooms by optical links. Performances of such photonic systems are dependent on optoelectronic devices, electrical driving, and receiver circuits. In this paper, radio-over-fiber (RoF) links based on the intensity modulation and direct detection technique are investigated for transmission of a broadband OFDM signal. Direct and external modulations are exploited to analyze system performances according to the ultra wideband (UWB) millimeter-band standard. To avoid component tolerances at high frequencies, an intermediate frequency modulation of the optical transducers is chosen. Optoelectronic and optical components of RoF links are modeled by equivalent electrical circuits with consideration of noise and nonlinearities. These models are validated in system simulation by error vector magnitude evaluation with a measurement setup according to the UWB centimeter-band standard.

International audience; This paper presents performance comparisons of systems based on Radio over Fiber (RoF) links with an intensity modulation-direct detection technique (IM-DD). Measurement and simulation results on systems using direct and external modulations with a MB-OFDM signal are presented. The first band group of the centimeter-wave ultra wideband with a 16 QAM advanced modulation format and a data rate of 480 Mb/s is used to validate system simulation. The error vector magnitude (EVM) and the bit error rate (BER) for digital modulated signals enable to quantify the quality of the received signal. The system simulations are performed with developed equivalent electrical models of optoelectronic components. These models including noise and nonlinearity are validated with static/dynamic responses and noise measurements. Global system simulation is achieved by a co-simulation method in ADS combining envelope simulator and data flow controller for digital signals.

International audience

This paper presents a simulation approach of optical heterodyne systems by using the equivalent circuit representation of a distributed feedback laser (DFB) in the electrical domain. Since the electrical representation of the DFB laser is developed from the rate equations, its characteristics such as non-linearity, relative intensity noise (RIN), and phase noise can be predicted precisely for various biasing conditions. The model is integrated in a heterodyne radio over fiber (RoF) system where two DFB lasers are used to generate a millimeter-wave (mm-wave) signal. An optical phase-locked loop is also introduced to reduce the phase noise on the mm-wave signal. The optical phase noise contribution of individual lasers to the mm-wave signal is evaluated and compared with theoretical results. It is shown that the phase noise of the mm-wave is reduced considerably depending on the loop bandwidth and propagation delay. With the circuit simulation approach proposed, optical and mm-wave phase noises can be studied together with other circuit environments such as parasitic effects and driver circuits.

International audience; The increasing use of optoelectronic devices in high data rate communication systems drives the need of precise electrical circuit modeling which allows the study of important parameters on link performances such as nonlinearity and noise level. In 60 GHz band radio over fiber system, the millimeter-wave signal generation offers simple configuration for the base station. Various techniques have been proposed such as optical heterodyning where the frequency difference between two optical carriers mixed in a photodetector generates the desired electrical carrier. Phase noise and linewidth of the optical sources determine the purity of the generated signal. In this paper, the optical phase noise is integrated into an electrical equivalent model of the laser diode to simulate radio over fiber systems in an electrical simulator. The laser output is represented here in the optical field with both intensity and phase noises. The influence of optoelectronic devices on the modulated analog or complex digital signals can be also analyzed. Two uncorrelated laser diodes are used to generate a millimeter-wave signal. Physical parameters of these lasers are determined from static response and Relative Intensity Noise (RIN) measurements. Phase noise contribution of individual lasers to the millimeter-wave signal is performed and compared with theoretical expectations.

National audience; Le développement de modèles de simulation de liaisons optiques précis, caractérisant les limites de fonctionnement en petit et grand signal, permet de prédire le comportement des systèmes Radio sur Fibre (RoF), en incluant le tunnel optique, la chaîne d'émission RF et le front-end RF de réception. Les performances des liaisons photoniques-microondes exploitant une modulation directe ou externe peuvent être ainsi simulées en termes d'EVM, de SNR et d'ACPR en prenant en compte, d'une part les sources de bruit dans le lien RoF et d'autre part les aspects non linéaires de chaque élément. La validation de ces modèles pour la transmission de signaux Ultra-Large Bande (ULB) sur des modulations numériques complexes est présentée en confrontant les résultats de simulation et de mesure.

National audience

National audience

International audience; This paper studies a microwave photonic link built as an IM/DD or intensity modulation-direct detection semiconductor laser system. The radiofrequency gain and 1 dB compression point of the link are both simulated with a modelling approach and compared to measurements. The electrical model of the electro-optic transducer, a distributed feedback laser, is first presented. Taking into account the nonlinearities and noise sources, it is developed on the commercial electrical software Advanced Design System. Owing to this accurate model, the impact of the relaxation oscillation frequency is presented on the system nonlinearity characteristic as for example the input 1 dB compression point. The comparison of simulated results to measured ones confirms the accuracy of this model.

International audience; The operation of a microwave photonic link is thoroughly investigated both theoretically and experimentally. To this aim, we have developed a simulation tool based on an accurate physical model embedded in a radio frequency (RF) chain simulator. The theoretical predictions are tested on an intensity modulation-direct detection (IMDD) link we have specifically developed to this purpose. Our simulation tool takes into account both optical and electrical characteristics of the link components including the laser dynamics and impedance matching networks. It thus enables an accurate understanding of the different physical and electrical phenomena governing the link's performances even under unusual operation conditions. Specifically, we were able to isolate an unusual behavior and to confirm it experimentally. It is thereby clear that the noise figure of a microwave optical link can be lower than the electrical losses, such as a mismatched output passive electrical network. This state is reached when the optical losses are high enough and when the link's output impedance is mismatched, too.

International audience; The great interest of optical fiber links in communicating systems especially in ultra-wide band (UWB) communications has grown up in the last decade and requires co-simulation for mixed circuits design exploiting both optical and microwave domains. In this paper, we report an original modeling method of an electro-absorption modulator associated with a distributed-feedback laser to simulate an optical transmitter of an UWB over fiber system. Large signal optoelectronic device models can be developed and implemented in a high-frequency simulator, such as advanced design system-Ptolemy to analyze the performances of fiber radio links and study the impact of the transmitter characteristics. This specific simulation way, taking into account precisely electrical characteristics of both electrical and optical circuits, links two different frequency domains by coupling electrical and optical modules in the same system simulator. Therefore, a complete simulation of an UWB multi-band orthogonal frequency division multiplexing signal transmission over fiber with an external modulator is investigated.

International audience; This paper investigates hybrid fiber-radio networks for in-building distribution of ultrawideband (UWB) signals, in order to extend UWB radio coverage area. An original multipoint to multipoint UWB-over-fiber system, proposed in the frame of BILBAO project, is presented and discussed. System link gain and noise figure are evaluated through theoretical analysis. A simulation model is used to study the impact of E/O transceivers nonlinearity on UWB signals. Experimental results show good agreement with simulation results. A high data rate file transfer, with UWB radio propagation and transmission over 100 m of multimode fiber, has been also successfully demonstrated.

Single side band (SSB) or suppression carrier (SC) techniques are especially useful in radio on fiber communication systems. These techniques are used to eliminate the effect of the dispersion of the fiber. In this paper, we present a detailed study of a design of a new single side band suppression carrier modulator (SSB-SC) in which the basic element is a Bragg photonic micro cavity. This new scheme is composed of a dual Mach-Zehnder modulator (D-MZM) and a standard Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM). Also, we analyze the feasibility of this integrated modulator with a Silicon on Insulator (SOI) technology. The COMSIS 1 optical simulator has been used to analyze the optical operation of the modulator. Macleod one Dimensional (1-D) optical simulator 2 is required to calculate the transmission and reflection spectra in the planar Fabry-Perot (F-P) double micro cavity with deep Si/SiO 2 Bragg reflectors.

When a laser is directly modulated in amplitude by a microwave frequency, the low frequency noise of the laser is transposed around this frequency as amplitude and phase 1/F noises. A model of laser including these noises is described and compared to measurements of phase noise. This model can be used either to simulate an optical link in microwaves or the measurement equipment characterising the laser. This simulation is done with a non linear frequency domain simulator like ADS.

National audience; Le projet FUI8 ORIGIN (Optical Radio Infrastructure for Gigabit/s Indoor Network) s'adresse au marché du Réseau Local Domestique (RLD) en proposant une infrastructure bas coût qui combine l'efficacité de la fibre optique pour la diffusion radio avec les avantages d'une transmission sans fils. Les premières réalisations et les tests réussis sont présentés dans ce papier.

The use of distributed sensors fiber optic delivering information in each point of the fiber is an important tool for large-scale structures surveillance strategies in civil engineering. The spontaneous Brillouin scattering phenomenon (or stimulated) in the field of sensors optical fiber is subject to strong scientific inquiry since the 1990s. The proposed industrial solutions are based on the spectral analysis of the Stokes wavelength backscattered along the length of the fiber. Thus, a B-OTDR device (Brillouin Optical Time-Domain Reflectometer) can perform a measurement of the shift of the Brillouin frequency (of the order of 11GHz around 1.55 µm) with a metric spatial resolution and sensitivity of the strain measurements and temperature respectively of about 10 µm/m and 0.5 °C, but at a high cost (about 100k€) which limits their use. This thesis is oriented towards the study of a monitoring system based on the use of a bi-frequency bi-polarization source, which would make it possible to remedy the drawbacks of conventional systems and have equivalent performances with state of the art solutions, L’utilisation de capteurs distribués à fibres optiques délivrant une information en chaque point de la fibre constitue un outil majeur des stratégies de surveillance de structures à grande échelle en génie civil. Le phénomène de diffusion Brillouin spontanée (ou stimulée), dans le domaine des capteurs à fibres optiques, fait l’objet d’une forte investigation scientifique depuis les années 1990. Les solutions industrielles proposées reposent sur l’analyse spectrale de l’onde Stokes rétrodiffusée tout le long de la fibre. Ainsi, un dispositif B-OTDR (Brillouin Optical Time-Domain Reflectometer) peut réaliser une mesure du décalage de la fréquence Brillouin (de l’ordre de 11 GHz autour de 1.55 µm) avec une résolution spatiale métrique et une sensibilité des mesures de déformation et de température respectivement de l’ordre de 10 µm/m et 0.5°C, mais pour un coût élevé (de l’ordre de 100 k€), ce qui limite leur utilisation.Les travaux de cette thèse sont orientés vers l’étude d’un système de surveillance reposant sur l’utilisation d’une source optique bi-fréquence bi-polarisation, qui permettrait de remédier aux inconvénients des systèmes conventionnels et ayant des performances équivalentes avec les solutions à l’état de l’art

The use of distributed sensors fiber optic delivering information in each point of the fiber is an important tool for large-scale structures surveillance strategies in civil engineering. The spontaneous Brillouin scattering phenomenon (or stimulated) in the field of sensors optical fiber is subject to strong scientific inquiry since the 1990s. The proposed industrial solutions are based on the spectral analysis of the Stokes wavelength backscattered along the length of the fiber. Thus, a B-OTDR device (Brillouin Optical Time-Domain Reflectometer) can perform a measurement of the shift of the Brillouin frequency (of the order of 11GHz around 1.55 µm) with a metric spatial resolution and sensitivity of the strain measurements and temperature respectively of about 10 µm/m and 0.5 °C, but at a high cost (about 100k€) which limits their use. This thesis is oriented towards the study of a monitoring system based on the use of a bi-frequency bi-polarization source, which would make it possible to remedy the drawbacks of conventional systems and have equivalent performances with state of the art solutions; L’utilisation de capteurs distribués à fibres optiques délivrant une information en chaque point de la fibre constitue un outil majeur des stratégies de surveillance de structures à grande échelle en génie civil. Le phénomène de diffusion Brillouin spontanée (ou stimulée), dans le domaine des capteurs à fibres optiques, fait l’objet d’une forte investigation scientifique depuis les années 1990. Les solutions industrielles proposées reposent sur l’analyse spectrale de l’onde Stokes rétrodiffusée tout le long de la fibre. Ainsi, un dispositif B-OTDR (Brillouin Optical Time-Domain Reflectometer) peut réaliser une mesure du décalage de la fréquence Brillouin (de l’ordre de 11 GHz autour de 1.55 µm) avec une résolution spatiale métrique et une sensibilité des mesures de déformation et de température respectivement de l’ordre de 10 µm/m et 0.5°C, mais pour un coût élevé (de l’ordre de 100 k€), ce qui limite leur utilisation.Les travaux de cette thèse sont orientés vers l’étude d’un système de surveillance reposant sur l’utilisation d’une source optique bi-fréquence bi-polarisation, qui permettrait de remédier aux inconvénients des systèmes conventionnels et ayant des performances équivalentes avec les solutions à l’état de l’art

We propose a low cost full-silicon optical links utilizing 650 – 850 nm propagation wavelengths. The creation of large-scale opto-electronic integrated circuits and optical data “highways” inCMOS integrated circuitry, utilizing Si CMOS compounds, have been envisioned and hold much promise [1] - [3] The latest attempts for realizing optoelectronic systems in CMOS technology have until now mainly been focused on utilizing wavelengths at 1550 nm [4] - [6], mainly because of the ease of design and fabrication of waveguides in this wavelength regime. However, no effective high-speed optical sources and Si detectors are available at this 1550nmwavelength. Today solutions to overcome the problem are mostly focused on the integration of group III-V elements based optical sources on Silicon through molecular bonding [7a] – [7b]. If optical sources, detectors, waveguides, and sensors could be realized on the same Si CMOS chip at, say, 750 nm wavelength, various low power consuming, light and miniature on-chip-based micro-photonic systems can be designed and realized. While Silicon optical sources may not yet be at the required performance level for very-high speed communications, the low cost “all silicon”opto-electronic systems still remain a great grail. These sources could lead as well to new field that could be appropriately named “Si photonic microsystems” opening the route to new sensing applications and products especially for the medical, biomedical optics, optical interconnect and bio-photonics field. These systems also do not require ultrahigh frequency bandwidths to transmit, and the emission powers of our avalanche Si light-emitting diodes(LEDs) may be sufficient to sustain the operation of such systems. This PhD thus deals with low cost SiGe/Si optical links using Microwave-Photonics devices such as, Bipolar integrated SiAvLED, Silicon Nitride and Silicon Oxide optical waveguides, SiGeHPTs, Si and SiGe/Si LEDs. It focuses on the combined integration of micron-scale optical sources, optical waveguides and detectors on the same chip to form a complete communication link for various applications involving short wavelength links (750nm to 950nm). The progress provided by this PhD to previous works could be synthesized as below:• Optical source, waveguide and the detector were all integrated and aligned on the same chip, in an industrial based technology, to form complete on-chip micro-optical links at750nm wavelength, with a SiGe radio frequency (RF) 0.35µm bipolar process.• A series of second generation of on-chip optical communication links of 50µm length, utilizing 650 – 850 nm propagation wavelengths, have been designed and realized inSiGe. Micron dimensioned optical sources, waveguides and detectors were all integrated ion the same chip to form a complete communication on-chip micro-optical links. Avalanche based Si LEDs (Si Av LEDs), Schottky contacting, TEOS densification strategies, Silicon-Nitride based waveguides, and state of the art SiGe bipolar detector technologies were used as key design strategies.• R-soft simulation software (Beam Prop) was used as a mathematical capable simulation tool to model various Silicon-Nitride optical waveguide structures, before the designing, the fabrication, characterization and testing of the device. Various device structures were modeled, simulation iterations were performed on several optical waveguide designed structures before the device design, and the devices were tested experimentally.• Best performances of the designed on-chip optical links show a conversion loss as low as30dB from source to detector with up to 500MHz in cut off frequency. The good alignment and the good efficiency of each device are then clearly achieved. Higher frequency performances are also envisaged from preliminary measurements, Nous proposons des liaisons optiques en Silicium à faible coût utilisant des longueurs d'onde de propagation de 650 à 850 nm. La création de circuits intégrés optoélectroniques à grande échelle et de bus de données optiques au sein même des circuits intégrés, utilisant des composés Silicium CMOS, ont été envisagées présentant une voie prometteuse [1] - [3]. Dans les dernières tentatives de réalisation de systèmes optoélectroniques en CMOS, les technologies était principalement orientée sur l'utilisation des longueurs d'onde à 1550 nm [4] - [6], principalement en raison de la facilité de conception et de fabrication des guides d'ondes dans ce régime de longueur d'onde. Cependant, aucune source optique rapide efficace et aucun photo-détecteur Si ne sont disponibles à cette longueur d'onde de 1550 nm. Aujourd'hui, les solutions pour surmonter le problème sont principalement axées sur l'intégration de sources optiques basées sur des éléments du groupe IIIV reportés sur Silicium par liaison moléculaire [7a] - [7b].Si la source optique, le détecteur, les guides d'ondes et les capteurs pouvaient être réalisés sur la même puce CMOS Silicium, par exemple à une longueur d'onde de 750 nm, divers systèmes micro-photoniques sur puces, légers et miniaturisés, pourraient être conçus et réalisés. Alors que les sources optiques au Silicium ne sont peut-être pas encore au niveau de performance requis pour les communications à très haut débit, les systèmes optoélectroniques "tout-Silicium" à faible coût restent encore un excellent point de départ. Ces sources pourraient également conduire à un nouveau champ qui pourrait s'appeler «microsystèmes photoniques Si» ouvrant la voie à de nouvelles applications et produits notamment pour l'optique médicale, biomédicale, les interconnexions optiques et la biophotonique. Ces systèmes ne nécessitent de bande passante à très haute fréquence pour émettre, et les puissances d'émission de nos diodes électroluminescentes (LED) à avalanche peuvent être suffisantes pour assurer le fonctionnement de tels systèmes. Ce travail de thèse de doctorat traite donc des liaisons optiques SiGe / Si à faible coût en utilisant des dispositifs Photonique-Microondes tels que une source à Diode Electro-Luminescente (DEL) à avalanche en Silicium (SiAvLED) et Silicium-Germanium intégrée en technologie bipolaire, des guides d'ondes optiques en Nitrure de Silicium et en Oxyde de Silicium, des phototransistors bipolaires à hétérojonction (HPT) SiGe. Ce travail se concentre sur l'intégration combinée de sources optiques à l'échelle micrométrique, de guides d'ondes optiques et de détecteurs sur une même puce pour former une liaison de communication complète pour diverses applications iv impliquant des liaisons de courte longueur d'onde (750 nm à 950 nm). Les progrès fournis par ce travail par rapport aux travaux antérieurs pourraient être synthétisés comme suit:• La source optique, le guide d'ondes et le détecteur ont tous été intégrés et alignés sur la même puce, dans une technologie industrielle RF bipolaire SiGe 0,35μm, pour former une liaison optique ou optique micro-onde complète sur puce à la longueur d'onde de 750 nm.• Une série de liaisons de communication optique de deuxième génération de 50μm de longueur, utilisant des longueurs d'onde de propagation de 650 à 850 nm, a été conçue et réalisée en technologie SiGe bipolaire également. Des sources optiques, des guides d'ondes et des détecteurs de dimensions micrométriques ont tous été intégrés sur la même puce pour former une communication complète sur les liaisons micro-optiques. Des LED Si à base d'avalanche (Si Av LED), des contacts Schottky, des stratégies de densification TEOS, des guides d'ondes à base de Nitrure de Silicium et des technologies de détection bipolaire SiGe de pointe ont été utilisées comme stratégies de conception clés.• Le logiciel de simulation R-soft (Beam Prop) a été utilisé comme outil de simulation