158 results on '"Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage"'
Search Results
2. Research Conducted at University of Virginia Health System Has Updated Our Knowledge about Hypertension (Treatment of Hypertension: a Review)
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Life style -- Health aspects ,Behavior modification -- Usage ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Hypertension -- Complications and side effects -- Care and treatment ,Health - Abstract
2023 MAR 18 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Obesity, Fitness & Wellness Week -- Research findings on Cardiovascular Diseases and Conditions - Hypertension are discussed in [...]
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- 2023
3. KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline: Blood Pressure Management for Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
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Robbins, Karen C.
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Chronic kidney failure -- Care and treatment ,Practice guidelines (Medicine) ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Blood pressure -- Measurement ,Health - Abstract
Articles Reviewed Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Blood Pressure Work Group. (2021). KDIGO 2021 clinical practice guideline for the management of blood pressure in chronic kidney disease. Inter national [...]
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- 2021
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4. Blood pressure-lowering treatment for the prevention of cardiovascular events in patients with atrial fibrillation: An individual participant data meta-analysis
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Pinho-Gomes, Ana-Catarina, Azevedo, Luis, Copland, Emma, Canoy, Dexter, Nazarzadeh, Milad, Ramakrishnan, Rema, Berge, Eivind, Sundström, Johan, Kotecha, Dipak, Woodward, Mark, Teo, Koon, Davis, Barry R., Chalmers, John, Pepine, Carl J., and Rahimi, Kazem
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Stroke (Disease) -- Risk factors -- Prevention ,Atrial fibrillation -- Complications and side effects ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Heart failure -- Risk factors -- Prevention ,Biological sciences - Abstract
Background Randomised evidence on the efficacy of blood pressure (BP)-lowering treatment to reduce cardiovascular risk in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effects of BP-lowering drugs in patients with and without AF at baseline. Methods and findings The study was based on the resource provided by the Blood Pressure Lowering Treatment Trialists' Collaboration (BPLTTC), in which individual participant data (IPD) were extracted from trials with over 1,000 patient-years of follow-up in each arm, and that had randomly assigned patients to different classes of BP-lowering drugs, BP-lowering drugs versus placebo, or more versus less intensive BP-lowering regimens. For this study, only trials that had collected information on AF status at baseline were included. The effects of BP-lowering treatment on a composite endpoint of major cardiovascular events (stroke, ischaemic heart disease or heart failure) according to AF status at baseline were estimated using fixed-effect one-stage IPD meta-analyses based on Cox proportional hazards models stratified by trial. Furthermore, to assess whether the associations between the intensity of BP reduction and cardiovascular outcomes are similar in those with and without AF at baseline, we used a meta-regression. From the full BPLTTC database, 28 trials (145,653 participants) were excluded because AF status at baseline was uncertain or unavailable. A total of 22 trials were included with 188,570 patients, of whom 13,266 (7%) had AF at baseline. Risk of bias assessment showed that 20 trials were at low risk of bias and 2 trials at moderate risk. Meta-regression showed that relative risk reductions were proportional to trial-level intensity of BP lowering in patients with and without AF at baseline. Over 4.5 years of median follow-up, a 5-mm Hg systolic BP (SBP) reduction lowered the risk of major cardiovascular events both in patients with AF (hazard ratio [HR] 0.91, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.83 to 1.00) and in patients without AF at baseline (HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.88 to 0.93), with no difference between subgroups. There was no evidence for heterogeneity of treatment effects by baseline SBP or drug class in patients with AF at baseline. The findings of this study need to be interpreted in light of its potential limitations, such as the limited number of trials, limitation in ascertaining AF cases due to the nature of the arrhythmia and measuring BP in patients with AF. Conclusions In this meta-analysis, we found that BP-lowering treatment reduces the risk of major cardiovascular events similarly in individuals with and without AF. Pharmacological BP lowering for prevention of cardiovascular events should be recommended in patients with AF., Author(s): Ana-Catarina Pinho-Gomes 1, Luis Azevedo 2, Emma Copland 3, Dexter Canoy 3,4, Milad Nazarzadeh 3, Rema Ramakrishnan 3, Eivind Berge 5,6, Johan Sundström 7, Dipak Kotecha 8, Mark Woodward [...]
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- 2021
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5. Use of Antihypertensive Drugs May Increase Risk for Psoriasis
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Psoriasis -- Drug therapy ,Dermatology -- Formulae, receipts, prescriptions ,Dermatologic agents -- Usage ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Health - Abstract
HealthDay News — Antihypertensive drugs are associated with an increased risk for psoriasis, according to a review and meta-analysis published online October 6 in the British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. [...]
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- 2021
6. Cardiovascular disease risk profile and management practices in 45 low-income and middle-income countries: A cross-sectional study of nationally representative individual-level survey data
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Peiris, David, Ghosh, Arpita, Manne-Goehler, Jennifer, Jaacks, Lindsay M., Theilmann, Michaela, Marcus, Maja E., Zhumadilov, Zhaxybay, Tsabedze, Lindiwe, Supiyev, Adil, Silver, Bahendeka K., Sibai, Abla M., Norov, Bolormaa, Mayige, Mary T., Martins, Joao S., Lunet, Nuno, Labadarios, Demetre, Jorgensen, Jutta M. A., Houehanou, Corine, Guwatudde, David, Gurung, Mongal S., Damasceno, Albertino, Aryal, Krishna K., Andall-Brereton, Glennis, Agoudavi, Kokou, McKenzie, Briar, Webster, Jacqui, Atun, Rifat, Bärnighausen, Till, Vollmer, Sebastian, Davies, Justine I., and Geldsetzer, Pascal
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Developing countries -- Health aspects ,Cardiovascular diseases -- Risk factors -- Care and treatment ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Blood pressure -- Regulation ,Biological sciences - Abstract
Background Global cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden is high and rising, especially in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Focussing on 45 LMICs, we aimed to determine (1) the adult population's median 10-year predicted CVD risk, including its variation within countries by socio-demographic characteristics, and (2) the prevalence of self-reported blood pressure (BP) medication use among those with and without an indication for such medication as per World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Methods and findings We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of nationally representative household surveys from 45 LMICs carried out between 2005 and 2017, with 32 surveys being WHO Stepwise Approach to Surveillance (STEPS) surveys. Country-specific median 10-year CVD risk was calculated using the 2019 WHO CVD Risk Chart Working Group non-laboratory-based equations. BP medication indications were based on the WHO Package of Essential Noncommunicable Disease Interventions guidelines. Regression models examined associations between CVD risk, BP medication use, and socio-demographic characteristics. Our complete case analysis included 600,484 adults from 45 countries. Median 10-year CVD risk (interquartile range [IQR]) for males and females was 2.7% (2.3%-4.2%) and 1.6% (1.3%-2.1%), respectively, with estimates indicating the lowest risk in sub-Saharan Africa and highest in Europe and the Eastern Mediterranean. Higher educational attainment and current employment were associated with lower CVD risk in most countries. Of those indicated for BP medication, the median (IQR) percentage taking medication was 24.2% (15.4%-37.2%) for males and 41.6% (23.9%-53.8%) for females. Conversely, a median (IQR) 47.1% (36.1%-58.6%) of all people taking a BP medication were not indicated for such based on CVD risk status. There was no association between BP medication use and socio-demographic characteristics in most of the 45 study countries. Study limitations include variation in country survey methods, most notably the sample age range and year of data collection, insufficient data to use the laboratory-based CVD risk equations, and an inability to determine past history of a CVD diagnosis. Conclusions This study found underuse of guideline-indicated BP medication in people with elevated CVD risk and overuse by people with lower CVD risk. Country-specific targeted policies are needed to help improve the identification and management of those at highest CVD risk., Author(s): David Peiris 1,*, Arpita Ghosh 2,3, Jennifer Manne-Goehler 4, Lindsay M. Jaacks 5, Michaela Theilmann 4, Maja E. Marcus 6, Zhaxybay Zhumadilov 7, Lindiwe Tsabedze 8, Adil Supiyev 9, [...]
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- 2021
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7. Preventive Oral Treatment of Episodic Migraine: An Overview
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Ranganathan, Lakshmi, Ramamurthy, Guhan, and Kanthimathinathan, Shunmugasundaram
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Antidepressants -- Usage ,Migraine -- Drug therapy -- Prevention ,Anticonvulsants -- Usage ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Oral medication -- Usage ,Health - Abstract
Byline: Lakshmi. Ranganathan, Guhan. Ramamurthy, Shunmugasundaram. Kanthimathinathan Background: Migraine is a common primary headache disorder and Episodic migraine is characterized by the occurrence of up to 14 headache days in [...]
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- 2021
8. The many facets of hypertension: High blood pressure silently weaponizes flowing blood, turning key organs into targets. By detecting the often subtle clues to its havoc, veterinarians can recognize cats and dogs at risk
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Capuzzi, Joan
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Dogs -- Diseases ,Cats -- Diseases ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Hypertension -- Complications and side effects -- Diagnosis -- Drug therapy -- Causes of ,Health ,Zoology and wildlife conservation - Abstract
A silent marauder whose stealth is matched by its scope throughout the body, high blood pressure weaponizes flowing blood, turning key organs into targets. By detecting the often subtle clues [...]
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- 2022
9. MTM essentials for hypertension management, part 1: nonpharmacologic therapy and geriatric considerations
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Wojtaszek, Danielle and Dang, Devra
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Life style -- Influence ,Cardiovascular diseases -- Risk factors ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Hypertension -- Care and treatment -- Complications and side effects -- Causes of ,Geriatrics -- Research -- Health aspects ,Business ,Pharmaceuticals and cosmetics industries - Abstract
Abstract Hypertension is a significant risk factor for morbidity and mortality and can lead to adverse cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and renal outcomes. The risks associated with hypertension can be reduced by [...]
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- 2014
10. A comparison of two methods for measuring anti-hypertensive drug use: concordance of use with south African standard treatment guidelines/Comparaison de deux methodes pour mesurer l'utilisation des medicaments antihypertenseurs: conformite de l'utilisation avec les directives therapeutiques standard sud-afracaines/Comparacion de dos metodos para medir el uso de los antihipertenso ..
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Pillay, Thamizhanban, Smith, Anthony J., and Hill, Suzanne R.
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Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Research ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Health aspects ,Hypertension -- Drug therapy ,Evidence-based medicine -- Standards ,Drugs -- Prescribing ,Drugs -- Standards ,Drugs -- Usage - Abstract
Objective To assess prescriber adherence to standard anti-hypertensive treatment guidelines in South Africa, determine if supply data are useful indicators of drug use, and assess the cost implications of not complying with the guidelines. Methods We undertook two studies: an analysis of records of the anti-hypertensive drugs supplied to all 54 public- sector hospitals with a hypertension clinic in KwaZulu-Natal, and a direct-observation survey of anti-hypertensive drug prescriptions presented to pharmacies in a subset of 16 of the 54 hospitals. We calculated the relative use of each anti-hypertensive drug group as a proportion of all anti-hypertensive drugs supplied or prescribed. We ranked drug groups in order of use for comparison with recommended South African standard treatment guidelines, and we compared the proportions derived from supply data with those derived from the prescription survey. Findings Supply data showed that, in line with treatment guidelines, diuretics and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors were the most frequently supplied medicines (42% and 27%, respectively). However, methyldopa--not included in the treatment guidelines--represented 10% of all anti-hypertensives supplied, but the proportion varied widely between hospitals (0-37%). Reserpine, second choice in the treatment guidelines, was used in high amounts by only two hospitals. Calcium channel blockers and beta blockers represented a small proportion of the anti-hypertensive drugs supplied: 6% each. Results from the prescription survey were in concordance with supply data for the most frequently prescribed drugs but gave slightly different estimates of the use of others. Conclusion Supply data, the most available source of information about drug use in developing countries, are (with some provisos) a reliable data source for the evaluation of adherence to treatment guidelines. Our results showed substantial non- adherence to standard treatment guidelines. Objectif Evaluer l'observation par les prescripteurs des directives therapeutiques standard dans l'utilisation des antihypertenseurs en Afrique du Sud, determiner si les donnees de delivrance sont des indicateurs utiles de l'usage de ces medicaments et estimer les consequences en termes de cout du non-respect des directives standard. Methodes Nous avons entrepris deux etudes : une analyse des enregistrements de medicaments antihypertenseurs delivres aux 54 hopitaux publics de KwaZulu-Natal disposant d'une consultation d'hypertension et une enquete par observation directe des prescriptions d'antihypertenseurs presentees en pharmacie, effectuee sur un sousgroupe d'hopitaux comprenant 16 des 54 hopitaux susmentionnes. Nous avons calcule l'utilisation de chaque groupe d'antihypertenseurs en proportion de l'ensemble des antihypertenseurs delivres ou prescrits. Nous avons classe les groupes de medicaments en vue d'etablir des comparaisons avec les directives therapeutiques standard sud-africaines et nous avons confronte les proportions obtenues partir des donnees de delivrance et celles determinees a partir de l'enquete sur les prescriptions. Resultats Les donnees de delivrance ont montre que, conformement aux directives therapeutiques, les diuretiques et les inhibiteurs de l'enzyme de conversion de l'angiotensine etaient les medicaments les plus frequemment prescrits (42 et 27 % respectivement). Neanmoins, la methyldopa--non preconisee par les directives therapeutiques--representait 10 % de I'ensemble des antihypertenseurs delivres, avec de grandes variations entre les hopitaux (0 a 37 %). La reserpine, medicament de deuxieme choix selon les directives therapeutiques, etait employee en grandes quantites par deux hopitaux seulement. Les agents bloquants des canaux calciques et les beta-bloquants representaient une faible proportion des antihypertenseurs delivres : 6 % pour chacune de ces categories. Les resultats de l'enquete sur les prescriptions etaient en accord avec les donnees de delivrance a propos des medicaments les plus prescrits, mais donnaient des estimations legerement differentes pour l'utilisation des autres groupes. Conclusion Les donnees de delivrance, source la plus facilement disponible d'informations sur l'utilisation des medicaments dans les pays en developpement, constituent (avec quelques reserves) une source de donnees fiable pour l'evaluation de l'observation des directives therapeutiques. Nos resultats mettent en evidence un non-respect substantiel de ces directives. Objetivo Determinar la observancia de las directrices sudafricanas sobre el tratamiento antihipertensor por parte de los prescriptores, determinar si los datos sobre el suministro son indicadores utiles del uso de los farmacos, y evaluar las repercusiones de la no observancia de las directrices en el costo del tratamiento. Metodos Realizamos dos estudios: un analisis de los registros de los antihipertensores suministrados a 54 hospitales del sector publico de KwaZulu-Natal que disponian de consultas de hipertension, y una observacion directa de las prescripciones de antihipertensores presentadas a las farmacias en 16 de esos 54 hospitales. El uso relativo de cada antihipertensor se calculo como la proporcion con respecto a todos los antihipertensores suministrados o prescritos. Los grupos de farmacos fueron ordenados por frecuencia de uso para compararlos con las directrices terapeuticas sudafricanas. Tambien se compararon los resultados proporcionados por los estudios del suministro y de las prescripciones. Resultados Los datos sobre el suministro revelaron que, de acuerdo con las directrices terapeuticas, los farmacos suministrados con mas frecuencia fueron los diureticos y los inhibidores de la enzima de conversion de la angiotensina (42% y 27%, respectivamente). Sin embargo, la metildopa, que no esta incluida en las directrices terapeuticas, represento un 10% de las totalidad de los antihipertensores suministrados, aunque hubo una gran variabilidad entre hospitales (0 a 37%). La reserpina, un tratamiento de segunda eleccion segun las directrices, solo era muy utilizada en dos hospitales. Los bloqueantes de los canales del calcio y los betabloqueantes representaron una pequena proporcion de la totalidad de los antihipertensores suministrados (6% cada uno). Los resultados del estudio sobre las prescripciones fueron concordantes con los del suministro con respecto a los antihipertensores prescritos con mas frecuencia, pero presentaron ligeras diferencias con respecto al uso de otros farmacos. Conclusion Los datos sobre el suministro, que son los mas faciles de obtener para determinar el uso de los farmacos en los paises en desarrollo, constituyen (con algunos condicionamientos) una fuente de informacion fiables para evaluar la observancia de las directrices terapeuticas. Nuestros resultados muestran una inobservancia considerable de las directrices terapeuticas. Une traduction en francais de ce resume figure a la fin de l'article. Al final del articulo se facilita una traduccion al espanol., Introduction In 1994, the new South African Government of National Unity formulated a national drug policy based on standards for national medicines polices advocated by WHO. (1) Implementation strategies included [...]
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- 2009
11. Regulator of G protein signaling 2 mediates cardiac compensation to pressure overload and antihypertrophic effects of PDE5 inhibition in mice
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Takimoto, Eiki, Koitabashi, Norimichi, Hsu, Steven, Ketner, Elizabeth A., Zhang, Manling, Nagayama, Takahiro, Bedja, Djahida, Gabrielson, Kathleen L., Blanton, Robert, Siderovski, David P., Mendelsohn, Michael E., and Kass, David A.
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Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Health aspects ,G proteins -- Physiological aspects ,G proteins -- Research ,Heart enlargement -- Risk factors ,Heart enlargement -- Genetic aspects ,Heart enlargement -- Care and treatment ,Heart enlargement -- Research - Abstract
The heart initially compensates for hypertension-mediated pressure overload by enhancing its contractile force and developing hypertrophy without dilation. [G.sub.q] protein--coupled receptor pathways become activated and can depress function, leading to cardiac failure. Initial adaptation mechanisms to reduce cardiac damage during such stimulation remain largely unknown. Here we have shown that this initial adaptation requires regulator of G protein signaling 2 (RGS2). Mice lacking RGS2 had a normal basal cardiac phenotype, yet responded rapidly to pressure overload, with increased myocardial [G.sub.q] signaling, marked cardiac hypertrophy and failure, and early mortality. Swimming exercise, which is not accompanied by [G.sub.q] activation, induced a normal cardiac response, while Rgs2 deletion in [G.sub.[alpha]q]-overexpressing hearts exacerbated hypertrophy and dilation. In vascular smooth muscle, RGS2 is activated by cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG), suppressing [G.sub.q]-stimulated vascular contraction. In normal mice, but not Rgs2-/- mice, PKG activation by the chronic inhibition of cGMP-selective phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) suppressed maladaptive cardiac hypertrophy, inhibiting [G.sub.q]-coupled stimuli. Importantly, PKG was similarly activated by PDE5 inhibition in myocardium from both genotypes, but PKG plasma membrane translocation was more transient in Rgs2-/- myocytes than in controls and was unaffected by PDE5 inhibition. Thus, RGS2 is required for early myocardial compensation to pressure overload and mediates the initial antihypertrophic and cardioprotective effects of PDE5 inhibitors., Introduction The adult heart responds to sustained pressure overload by developing ventricular hypertrophy. The signaling events mediating this process are substantially driven by activation of GPCRs, which in turn stimulate [...]
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- 2009
12. Does it matter how hypertension is controlled?
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Chobanian, Aram V.
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Hypertension -- Care and treatment ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Health aspects ,Cardiovascular diseases -- Control ,Stroke (Disease) -- Control - Abstract
The outcomes of the Avoiding Cardiovascular Events through Combination Therapy in Patents Living with Systolic Hypertension (ACCOMPLISH) are presented. Treatment of hypertension with antihypertensive drugs has greatly reduced the incidence of cardiovascular events, strokes and heart failures.
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- 2008
13. Rational prescribing in primary care (RaPP): a cluster randomized trial of a tailored intervention
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Fretheim, Atle, Oxman, Andrew D., Havelsrud, Kari, Treweek, Shaun, Kristoffersen, Doris T., and Bjorndal, Arild
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Cardiovascular diseases -- Drug therapy ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Anticholesteremic agents -- Usage - Abstract
ABSTRACT Background A gap exists between evidence and practice regarding the management of cardiovascular risk factors. This gap could be narrowed if systematically developed clinical practice guidelines were effectively implemented [...]
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- 2006
14. Drug management of hypertension in primary care: Gwen Hall reviews and outlines the current guidance on hypertension management in primary care
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Hall, Gwen
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Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Hypertension -- Drug therapy ,Business ,Health ,Health care industry ,Business, international - Abstract
The management of hypertension in primary care continues to represent a significant burden on the NHS, both clinically and financially (Box 1). Recent estimates suggest that around 16 million people [...]
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- 2006
15. Role of potassium in regulating blood flow and blood pressure
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Haddy, Francis J., Vanhoutte, Paul M., and Feletou, Michel
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Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Endothelium -- Research ,Hypertension -- Research ,Potassium channels -- Research ,Blood pressure -- Regulation ,Blood pressure -- Research ,Biological sciences - Abstract
Unlike sodium, potassium is vasoactive; for example, when infused into the arterial supply of a vascular bed, blood flow increases. The vasodilation results from hyperpolarization of the vascular smooth muscle cell subsequent to potassium stimulation by the ion of the electrogenic [Na.sup.+]-[K.sup.+] pump and/or activating the inwardly rectifying Kir channels. In the case of skeletal muscle and brain, the increased flow sustains the augmented metabolic needs of the tissues. Potassium ions are also released by the endothelial cells in response to neurohumoral mediators and physical forces (such as shear stress) and contribute to the endothelium-dependent relaxations, being a component of endothelium-derived hyperpolarization factor-mediated responses. Dietary supplementation of potassium can lower blood pressure in normal and some hypertensive patients. Again, in contrast to NaC1 restriction, the response to potassium supplementation is slow to appear, taking ~4 wk. Such supplementation reduces the need for antihypertensive medication. 'Salt-sensitive' hypertension responds particularly well, perhaps, in part, because supplementation with potassium increases the urinary excretion of sodium chloride. Potassium supplementation may even reduce organ system complications (e.g., stroke). endothelium-derived hyperpolarization factor; [Na.sup.+]-[K.sup.+]-ATPase; potassium channels
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- 2006
16. Rostafuroxin: an ouabain antagonist that corrects renal and vascular [Na.sup.+]-[K.sup.+]-ATPase alterations in ouabain and adducin-dependent hypertension
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Ferrari, Patrizia, Ferrandi, Mara, Valentini, Giovanni, and Bianchi, Giuseppe
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Adenosine triphosphatase -- Research ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Cytoskeletal proteins -- Research ,Hypertension -- Research ,Biological sciences - Abstract
The genetic and environmental heterogeneity of essential hypertension is responsible for the individual variability of antihypertensive therapy. An understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying hypertension and related organ complications is a key aspect for developing new, effective, and safe antihypertensive agents able to cure the cause of the disease. Two mechanisms, among others, are involved in determining the abnormalities of tubular [Na.sup.+] reabsorption observed in essential hypertension: the polymorphism of the cytoskeletal protein [alpha]-adducin and the increased circulating levels of endogenous ouabain (EO). Both lead to increased activity and expression of the renal [Na.sup.+]-[K.sup.+] pump, the driving force for tubular Na transport. Morphological and functional vascular alterations have also been associated with EO. Rostafuroxin (PST 2238) is a new oral antihypertensive agent able to selectively antagonize EO, adducin pressor, and molecular effects. It is endowed with high potency and efficacy in reducing blood pressure and preventing organ hypertrophy in animal models representative of both adducin and EO mechanisms. At molecular level, in the kidney, Rostafuroxin antagonizes EO triggering of the Src-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFr)-dependent signaling pathway leading to renal [Na.sup.+]-[K.sup.+] pump, and ERK tyrosine phosphorylation and activation. In the vasculature, it normalizes the increased myogenic tone caused by nanomolar ouabain. A very high safety ratio and an absence of interaction with other mechanisms involved in blood pressure regulation, together with initial evidence of high tolerability and efficacy in hypertensive patients, indicate Rostafuroxin as the first example of a new class of antihypertensive agents designed to antagonize adducin and EO-hypertensive mechanisms. adducin; endogenous ouabain; [Na.sup.+]-[K.sup.+] pump; antihypertensive therapy
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- 2006
17. Hypertension: catching the silent killer
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Moore, Jackie
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Hypertension -- Drug therapy ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Health - Published
- 2005
18. Antihypertensive medication usage during stroke rehabilitation: the Post-Stroke Rehabilitation Outcomes Project (PSROP)
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Zorowitz, Richard D., Smout, Randall J., Gassaway, Julie A., and Horn, Susan D.
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Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Stroke (Disease) -- Care and treatment ,Stroke (Disease) -- Prevention ,Rehabilitation centers -- Services ,Health ,Health care industry - Abstract
Blood pressure management is an important issue for the primary prevention, acute management, and secondary prevention of a stroke. Rehabilitation professionals need to consider the timing in lowering blood pressures [...]
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- 2005
19. Socioeconomic differences in the adoption of new medical technologies
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Goldman, Dana and Smith, James P.
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Antihypertensive drugs -- Social aspects ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Economic aspects ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Social economics -- Analysis ,Business ,Economics - Abstract
No evidence is found on how the diffusion of antihypertensive drugs favors the better educated over educationally disadvantaged groups. The diffusion of antihypertensive agents is used to examine the effects of new medical technologies in exacerbating differences in health by socioeconomic status.
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- 2005
20. Cross-sectional and longitudinal association between antihypertensive medications and cognitive impairment in an elderly population
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Hajjar, Ihab, Catoe, Heath, Sixta, Sherry, Boland, Rebecca, Johnson, David, Hirth, Victor, Wieland, Darryl, and Eleazer, Paul
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Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Aged -- Health aspects ,Drug therapy ,Cognitive balance ,Adjustment (Psychology) ,Adjustment (Psychology) in old age ,Health ,Seniors - Abstract
Background. The effect of antihypertensive medications on cognitive function has not been well studied. The authors' objectives were to investigate the cross-sectional and longitudinal association between the use of antihypertensive medications and cognitive function and to compare different antihypertensive medication classes with regard to this association in an elderly population. Methods. The medical records of a convenience sample of patients (n = 993 cross-sectional and 350 longitudinal; mean age, 76.8 [+ or -] 0.3 years; 74% women; 87% White) followed at a geriatric practice were reviewed. Data abstracted included demographics, medical history (Alzheimer's disease [AD] or vascular dementia [VaD]), use of antihypertensive medications, and results of cognitive assessments (the Mini-Mental Status Examination [MMSE] and the Clock Draw Test ICDT]). Results. In the cross-sectional analysis, antihypertensive use was not associated with MMSE (p > .05), CDT (p > .05), or dementia diagnosis (odds ratio for AD, 0.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.6 to 1.2; odds ratio for VaD, 1.6; 95% CI, 0.6 to 4.0). In the longitudinal analysis, antihypertensive use was associated with a lower rate of cognitive decline on the MMSE (4.8 [+ or -] 2 points in users vs -5.8 [+ or -] 2.5 points in nonusers; p = .007) and on the CDT (-0.3 [+ or -] 0.8 points in users vs -2.2 [+ or -] (1.8 points in nonusers; p = .002), and with a lower risk for the development of cognitive impairment (odds ratio, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.38 to 0.83: p = .004). The trend was similar in patients with baseline AD (p = .02). Patients taking diuretics (p = .007), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (p = .016), and beta-blockers (p = .014) had a lower rate of cognitive decline, and patients taking angiotensin receptor blockers (p = .016) had improved cognitive scores. Conclusions. Antihypertensive use, particularly diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzymes inhibitors, beta-blockers, and angiotensin receptor blockers, may be associated with a lower rate of cognitive decline in older adults, including those with AD. Until a randomized clinical trial confirms our results, findings of this observational study should be interpreted with caution.
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- 2005
21. Effect of nimodipine on ocular blood flow and colour contrast sensitivity in patients with normal tension glaucoma
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Luksch, A., Rainer, G., and Koyuncu, D.
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Nimodipine -- Usage ,Glaucoma -- Care and treatment ,Glaucoma -- Research ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Research ,Health - Published
- 2005
22. Pharmacologic treatment of hypertensive disorders during pregnancy
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Yankowitz, Jerome
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Pharmacology -- Analysis ,Hypertension in pregnancy -- Care and treatment ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Patient outcomes ,Health ,Health care industry - Published
- 2004
23. Calcium channel blockers: pharmacology and place in therapy of pediatric hypertension
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Flynn, Joseph T. and Pasko, Deborah A.
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Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Calcium channel blockers -- Usage ,Hypertension -- Drug therapy ,Pharmacokinetics -- Research ,Hypertension in children -- Drug therapy ,Children -- Diseases ,Children -- Drug therapy - Abstract
Byline: Joseph T. Flynn (1), Deborah A. Pasko (2) Keywords: Key wordsaCalcium channel blockers; Children; Pharmacokinetics; Hypertension Abstract: The calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are a diverse group of antihypertensive medications with variable pharmacokinetics and clinical effects. Although CCBs have been widely applied to the treatment of hypertensive children, data regarding the pharmacokinetics, efficacy and safety of these agents in children are extremely limited. In this review we briefly summarize the mechanism of action of CCBs and then summarize pertinent pharmacokinetic information on each of the CCBs commonly used in children, including amlodipine, diltiazem, felodipine, isradipine, intravenous nicardipine, nifedipine and verapamil. Clinically important drug interactions and adverse effects are discussed, as well as the potential role of CCBs in renal protection. Available pediatric efficacy and safety data are summarized, and recommendations made regarding the rational use of CCBs in the management of pediatric hypertension. Author Affiliation: (1) Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA, US (2) Department of Pharmacy, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA, US (3) Pediatric Nephrology, Mott F6865-Box 0297, 1505 Simpson Rd. East, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0297, USA Tel.: +1-734-9364210, Fax: +1-734-7636997, US (4) After 30 December 2000: Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Montefiore Medical Center, 111 East 210th Street, Bronx, NY 10467, USA Tel.: +1-718-6551120, Fax: +1-718-6523136, US Article note: Received: 10 February 2000 / Revised: 1 August 2000 / Accepted: 11 August 2000
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Factors associated with antihypertensive drug compliance in 83 884 Chinese patients: a cohort study
- Author
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Wong, M.C.S., Jiang, J.Y., and Griffiths, S.M.
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Patient compliance -- Surveys ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Surveys ,Hypertension -- Drug therapy ,Health ,Social sciences - Published
- 2010
25. Antihypertensive drug persistence and compliance among newly treated elderly hypertensives in Ontario
- Author
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Friedman, Oded, McAlister, Finlay A., Yun, Lingsong, Campbell, Norman R.C., and Tu, Karen
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Hypertension -- Drug therapy ,Hypertension -- Management ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Company business management ,Health ,Health care industry - Abstract
To link to full-text access for this article, visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2009.08.008 Byline: Oded Friedman (a)(c), Finlay A. McAlister (b), Lingsong Yun (c), Norman R.C. Campbell (d), Karen Tu (c)(e)(f) Keywords: Antihypertensive drug; Compliance; Hypertension; Persistence Abstract: Poor medication-taking behaviors are important considerations in the management of hypertension. Author Affiliation: (a) Prosserman Centre for Health Research (Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital), Toronto, Canada (b) Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (c) Institute For Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Canada (d) Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Canada (e) University Health Network-Toronto Western Hospital Family Medicine Centre, Toronto, Canada (f) Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada Article Note: (footnote) Funding: Alberta Heritage Foundation for Medical Research., Conflict of Interest: None of the authors have any conflicts of interest associated with the work presented in this manuscript., Authorship: All authors had access to the data and played a role in writing this manuscript.
- Published
- 2010
26. Clinical outcome in patients with peripheral artery disease and renal artery stenosis
- Author
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Esteban, Carlos, Perez, Paulina, Fernandez-Llamazares, Jaume, Surinach, Josep Maria, Camafort, Miquel, Martorell, Albert, and Monreal, Manuel
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Peripheral vascular diseases -- Care and treatment ,Peripheral vascular diseases -- Patient outcomes ,Renal artery obstruction -- Patient outcomes ,Renal artery obstruction -- Care and treatment ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Angiography -- Health aspects ,Health - Published
- 2010
27. Antihypertensives
- Author
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Cranwell-Bruce, Lisa A.
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Hypertension -- Drug therapy ,Hypertension -- Diagnosis ,Hypertension -- Health aspects ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Health aspects ,Pharmacology -- Research ,Diuretics -- Usage ,Diuretics -- Health aspects - Abstract
In 2002, hypertension was listed as the primary cause or as a contributing cause of death for 277,000 Americans. It also was the reason for 35 million outpatient visits in [...]
- Published
- 2008
28. Choosing antihypertensive therapy in chronic kidney disease
- Author
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Gnanasekaran, Isaiarasi and Dhar, Sanjay
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Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Complications and side effects ,Kidney diseases -- Care and treatment ,Kidney diseases -- Risk factors ,Blood pressure -- Health aspects ,Blood pressure -- Control ,Health - Published
- 2007
29. Cultural factors associated with antihypertensive medication adherence in Chinese immigrants
- Author
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Li, Wen-Wen, Stewart, Anita L., Stotts, Nancy, and Froelicher, Erika Sivarajan
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Patient compliance -- Research ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Chinese -- Research ,Chinese -- Health aspects ,Hypertension -- Research ,Hypertension -- Control ,Immigrants -- Research ,Immigrants -- Health aspects ,Business ,Health ,Health care industry - Published
- 2006
30. 2A Hypertension
- Subjects
Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Dosage and administration ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Complications and side effects ,Hypertension -- Drug therapy - Abstract
PRESCRIBING NOTES The lowering of even moderately elevated blood pressure has been shown to significantly reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Monitor blood pressure when starting an antihypertensive drug and during [...]
- Published
- 2006
31. 2B Edema
- Subjects
Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Dosage and administration ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Complications and side effects ,Diuretics -- Usage ,Diuretics -- Dosage and administration ,Diuretics -- Complications and side effects ,Dropsy -- Drug therapy ,Edema -- Drug therapy - Abstract
PRESCRIBING NOTES Nondiuretic antihypertensives and diuretics for use in hypertension are found in Section 2A. For hypokalemia see Section 14C. ALDACTAZIDE 25 Rx Pharmacia [K.sup.+]-sparing + thiazide. Spironolactone 25mg, hydrochlorothiazide [...]
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- 2006
32. Improving antihypertensive therapy in patients with diabetic nephropathy
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Mende, Christian W.
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Diabetic nephropathies -- Drug therapy ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Health - Abstract
Abstract: Nearly all patients with diabetic nephropathy have comorbid hypertension, which greatly elevates the risk for cardiovascular events. As patients are surviving longer, their risk of progressing to end-stage renal [...]
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- 2006
33. The impact of ibuprofen on the efficacy of antihypertensive treatment with hydrochlorothiazide in elderly persons
- Author
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Gurwitz, Jerry H., Everitt, Daniel E., Monane, Mark, Glynn, Robert J., Choodnovskiy, Igor, Beaudet, Marie P., and Avorn, Jerry
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Ibuprofen -- Research ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Hydrochlorothiazide -- Usage ,Aged -- Physiological aspects ,Health ,Seniors - Abstract
Background. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may alter blood pressure through their inhibitory effects on prostaglandin biosynthesis. Such potential hypertensive effects of NSAIDs have not been adequately examined in the elderly, who are the largest group of NSAID users. Methods. We performed a randomized, double-blind, two-period crossover trial oribuprofen (1800 mg per day) vs placebo treatment in patients older than 60 years of age with hypertension controlled-with hydrochlorothiazide. While continuing their usual thiazide dosage, subjects were randomized to a 4-week treatment period (ibuprofen or placebo) followed by a 2-week placebo wash-out period and a second 4-week treatment period with the alternative therapy. Supine and standing systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured weekly. Results. Of 25 randomized subjects' 22 completed the study protocol (mean age = 73 [+ or -] 6.7 years). Supine systolic blood pressure and standing systolic blood pressure were increased significantly with ibuprofen treatment, compared with placebo Mean supine systolic blood pressures were 143.8 [+ or -] 21.0 and 139:6 [+ or -] 15.9 mmHg on ibuprofen and placebo, respectively (p = .004). Mean standing systolic blood pressures were 148.1 [+ or -] 19.9 and 143.4 [+ or -] 17.9 mmHg on ibuprofen and placebo, respectively (p = .002). Conclusion. We conclude that 1800 mg per day of ibaprofen does induce a significant increase in systolic blood pressure in older hypertensive patients treated with hydrochlorothiazide. NSAID therapy may negatively impact the control of hypertension in elderly patients.
- Published
- 1996
34. Group versus individual academic detailing to improve the use of antihypertensive medications in primary care: a cluster-randomized controlled trial
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Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Comparative analysis ,Health ,Health care industry - Abstract
To link to full-text access for this article, visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2004.12.023 Byline: Steven R. Simon (a), Sumit R. Majumdar (a)(b), Lisa A. Prosser (a), Susanne Salem-Schatz (c), Cheryl Warner (d), Ken Kleinman (a), Irina Miroshnik (a), Stephen B. Soumerai (a) Abstract: To compare group versus individual academic detailing to increase diuretic or [beta]-blocker use in hypertension. Author Affiliation: (a) Department of Ambulatory Care and Prevention, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care, Boston, Massachusetts (b) Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada (c) HealthCare Quality Initiatives, Newton, Massachusetts (d) Harvard Vanguard Medical Associates, Medford, Massachusetts. Article Note: (footnote) Funding/Support: This work was supported by a cooperative agreement (U18 HS 12019) from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Dr. Majumdar is a Population Health Investigator of the Alberta Heritage Foundation for Medical Research and a New Investigator of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. Drs. Simon and Soumerai are investigators in the HMO Research Network Center for Education and Research in Therapeutics funded by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (U18HS010391). Role of the Sponsor: The funders had no role in the design of the study, analysis of the data, interpretation of the results, or the decision to publish.
- Published
- 2005
35. Economics of hypertension control
- Subjects
Hypertension -- Care and treatment ,Medical care, Cost of -- Evaluation ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage - Abstract
This paper summarizes the key aspects of the problem of estimating the economic burden of hypertension and hypertension-related disease, the use of economic models, and the opportunities for containing the costs. More information is needed on the population-attributable risk of hypertension in various countries, which is indispensable to estimate the part of hypertension in the burden of stroke and heart disease. The population and high-risk approaches to hypertension control also have economic consequences, which may vary in different societies and must be assessed to ensure proper allocation of resources. Cost-containment can be achieved by more selective diagnostic investigations and by opting for cheaper drugs, though the choice of treatment is difficult owing to uncertainties in the quality-of-life estimates., Introduction The fact that high blood pressure is relatively common in developed countries, together with the results of treatment in randomized trials (1), has led to a rapid growth in [...]
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- 1995
36. Medicines to lower IOP: prostaglandins are the new standard of care, but beta-blockers should not be dismissed
- Subjects
Prostaglandins -- Usage ,Prostaglandins -- Health aspects ,Adrenergic beta blockers -- Usage ,Adrenergic beta blockers -- Health aspects ,Intraocular pressure -- Care and treatment ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Health aspects - Abstract
When your clinical goal is to lower intraocular pressure, you cannot prescribe a better agent than the prostaglandin receptor agonists. But beta-adrenergic blockers--until a few years ago the clear first-line [...]
- Published
- 2004
37. Time trends in high blood pressure control and the use of antihypertensive medications in older adults: the Cardiovascular Health Study
- Author
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Psaty, Bruce M., Manolio, Teri A., Smith, Nicholas L., Heckbert, Susan R., Gottdiener, John S., Burke, Gregory L., Weissfeld, Joel, Enright, Paul, Lumley, Thomas, Powe, Neil, and Furberg, Curt D.
- Subjects
Antihypertensive drugs -- Evaluation ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Blood pressure -- Regulation ,Company business management ,Health - Published
- 2002
38. Preservation of cognitive function with antihypertensive medications: a longitudinal analysis of a community-based sample of African Americans
- Author
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Murray, Michael D., Lane, Kathleen A., Gao, Sujuan, Evans, Rebecca M., Unverzagt, Frederick W., Hall, Kathleen S., and Hendrie, Hugh
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African Americans -- Health aspects ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Evaluation ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Psychological aspects ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Cognition in old age -- Physiological aspects ,Health - Published
- 2002
39. Glucose, blood pressure, and lipid control in older people with and without diabetes mellitus: The Cardiovascular Health Study
- Author
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Smith, Nicholas L., Savage, Peter J., Heckbert, Susan R., Barzilay, Joshua I., Bittner, Vera A., Kuller, Lewis H., and Psaty, Bruce M.
- Subjects
Aging -- Health aspects ,Aged -- Health aspects ,Geriatrics -- Research ,Diabetes -- Physiological aspects ,Hypertension -- Physiological aspects ,Risk factors (Health) -- Physiological aspects ,Cardiovascular diseases -- Prevention ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Antilipemic agents -- Usage ,Health ,Seniors - Abstract
The Cardiovascular Health Study has investigated glucose, blood pressure, and lipid control in older people with and without diabetes mellitus using secondary analysis of data from population-based prospective cohort study of risk factors for cardiovascular and cardiovascular disease in older people. It was found that overall, treatment and control of cardiovascular risk factors in the population studied were less good than they could be, especially for those with diabetes mellitus. Optimizing risk factor control in various ways, among them using antihypertensives and lipid-lowering therapy, can improve health outcomes in those with and without diabetes mellitus.
- Published
- 2002
40. Renovascular hypertension
- Author
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Bruni, Karen R.
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Renovascular hypertension -- Care and treatment ,Cardiovascular disease nursing -- Research ,Blood vessels ,Postoperative care -- Research ,Patient education -- Research ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Business ,Health ,Health care industry - Abstract
This article examines the treatment of patients diagnosed with renovascular hypertension. Treatment methods include antihypertensive medications and surgical options like revascularization, angioplasty, or stenting and the nursing staff plays a critical role in patient education, post-operative care, and blood pressure monitoring during recovery.
- Published
- 2001
41. Seeing A-II-A
- Author
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Marshal, Gary
- Subjects
Angiotensin -- Usage ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Hypertension -- Care and treatment ,Chemicals, plastics and rubber industries ,Pharmaceuticals and cosmetics industries - Abstract
Angiotensin II antagonists are found to be an effective treatment for hypertension, with 69% of patients successfully taking one dose each day. Angiotensin II antagonists have few side effects although long term studies have not yet been completed. A few patients suffered from mild headaches and 3% developed a cough. Some 5.8% of all worldwide deaths are caused by hypertension and it increases the risk of people suffering from heart failure and stokes. Hypertensive patients are often symptomless therefore persuading them to keep taking medication can be a problem.
- Published
- 1998
42. Hypertension: new treatment approaches target organ damage
- Author
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Portyansky, Elena
- Subjects
Novartis AG -- Product information ,Lotrel (Medication) -- Physiological aspects ,Hypertension -- Physiological aspects ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Drugs -- Dosage and administration ,Diuretics -- Physiological aspects ,Adrenergic beta blockers -- Physiological aspects ,Pharmaceutical industry -- Product information ,Pharmacists -- Practice - Abstract
High blood pressure, if untreated, can damage the heart, the kidneys and the brain, according to research studies. The American Heart Assn reports that 27% of persons who suffer from hypertension are receiving inadequate therapy and about 50% are receiving no treatment at all. Life-style changes should be recommended in the treatment of hypertension and concomitant conditions, such as diabetes. Drugs and drug combinations described include diuretics, beta-blockers, and drugs that deliver a combination of therapies, such as Novartis's Lotrel, which contains amlodipine and benazepril., Hear no evil, see no evil--but beware. Rightfully deemed the silent killer, hypertension (HTN) victimizes man with its seemingly harmless presence, while destroying his most precious organs. The catastrophic complications [...]
- Published
- 1997
43. Antihypertensives
- Author
-
Chase, Sandra
- Subjects
Hypertension -- Care and treatment ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Health - Abstract
Effective treatment of hypertension requires a thorough knowledge of antihypertensives. Stage one hypertension calls for the use of diuretics or beta blockers. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, calcium channel blockers or alpha blockers are used if there is no response to diuretics or beta blockers. The second line of defense against hypertension is the use of more powerful drugs such as centrally-acting alpha-agonists, peripheral-acting adrenergic antagonists, direct-acting vasodilators and angiotensin III receptor antagonists., Staying current with the seemingly endless list of antihypertensive drugs can be a daunting task. Our overview will help make sense of it all. As many as 50 million Americans [...]
- Published
- 1997
44. Use of antihypertensive drugs and trends in blood pressure in the elderly
- Author
-
Glynn, Robert J., Brock, Dwight B., Harris, Tamara, Havlik, Richard J., Chrischilles, Elizabeth A., Ostfeld, Adrian M., Taylor, James O., and Hennekens, Charles H.
- Subjects
Hypertension -- Drug therapy ,Aged -- Care and treatment ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Health - Published
- 1995
45. Management of hypertension: adapting new guidelines for active patients
- Author
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Tanji, Jeffrey L. and Batt, Mark E.
- Subjects
Hypertension -- Care and treatment ,Life style -- Health aspects ,Aerobic exercises -- Usage ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Health - Published
- 1995
46. Antihypertensive agents and prevention of dementia
- Author
-
Maxwell, Colleen and Hogan, David
- Subjects
Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Health aspects ,Dementia -- Risk factors ,Dementia -- Drug therapy ,Angiotensin -- Receptors ,Angiotensin -- Health aspects - Published
- 2010
47. Sound treatment strategies for active hypertensives
- Author
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Anders, David L.
- Subjects
Hypertension -- Drug therapy ,Exercise -- Physiological aspects ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Health - Published
- 1992
48. Resistant hypertension in a tertiary care clinic
- Author
-
Yakovlevitch, Marko and Black, Henry R.
- Subjects
Hypertension -- Drug therapy ,Blood pressure -- Regulation ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Drug therapy, Combination -- Usage ,Health - Abstract
Study Objective. -- To determine the prevalence of resistant hypertension in a tertiary care facility, the frequency of its various causes, and the results of treatment. Design. -- Review of clinic records of all patients seen for the first time between January 1, 1986, and December 31, 1988. Methods. -- Patients meeting criteria for resistant hypertension were examined for appropriateness of their medical regimen, presence of secondary causes of hypertension, noncompliance, interfering substances, drug interactions, office resistance (elevated blood pressure in the office only while receiving treatment), and other potential causes of resistance. Results.-- Of the 436 charts reviewed, 91 were those of patients who met criteria for resistant hypertension and were seen more than once. The most common cause was a suboptimal medical regimen (39 patients), followed by medication intolerance (13 patients), previously undiagnosed secondary hypertension (10 patients), noncompliance (nine patients), psychiatric causes (seven patients), office resistance (two patients), an interfering substance (two patients), and drug interaction (one patient). Blood pressure control, defined as diastolic blood pressure of 90 mm Hg or less and systolic blood pressure of 140 mm Hg or less for patients aged 50 years or less ([is less than or equal to] 150 mm Hg for those aged 51 to 60 years and [is less than or equal to] 1 mm Hg for those aged >60 years), was achieved in 48 (53%) of those 91 patients. Another 10 had significant improvement in their blood pressure [is greater than or equal to] 15% decrease in diastolic blood pressure). Of patients whose blood pressure was controlled after they had been on a suboptimal regimen, the two most frequently used therapeutic strategies were to add (50%) or modify (24%) diuretic therapy or to add (50%) or increase the dose of (12%) a newer drug, either a calcium entry blocker or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. Conclusion.-- We conclude that resistant hypertension is common in a tertiary care facility and that a suboptimal regimen is the most common reason. Furthermore, in the majority of these patients, the elevated blood pressures can be controlled or significantly improved. (Arch Intern Med 1991;151:1786-1792)
- Published
- 1991
49. Applying the 2005 Canadian hypertension education program recommendations: 3. Lifestyle modifications to prevent and treat hypertension
- Author
-
Padwal, Rajdeep, Campbell, Norman, and Touyz, Rhian M.
- Subjects
Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Coronary heart disease -- Prevention ,Coronary heart disease -- Care and treatment - Abstract
Lifestyle modification, although often neglected, is an important strategy to prevent and treat hypertension and reduce antihypertensive drug burden. (1,2) On a population-wide basis, even a modest reduction in blood [...]
- Published
- 2005
50. Predictors of normotension on withdrawal of antihypertensive drugs in elderly patients: prospective study in second Australian national blood pressure study cohort. (Primary care)
- Author
-
Nelson, Mark R., Reid, Christopher M., Krum, Henry, Muir, Tui, Ryan, Philip, and McNeil, John J.
- Subjects
Cookery for hypertensives -- Usage ,Antihypertensive drugs -- Usage ,Cookery -- Usage ,Hypertension -- Prognosis ,Health ,Usage ,Prognosis - Abstract
Abstract Objectives To identify simple long term predictors of maintenance of normotension after withdrawal of antihypertensive drugs in elderly patients in general practice. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting 169 general [...]
- Published
- 2002
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