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El síndrome del martillo hipotenar es la trombosis de la arteria cubital en el canal de Guyon causada por traumatismos repetitivos. Se trata de un cuadro infrecuente que se diagnostica mediante la detallada valoración de los antecedentes y el examen físico, y se confirma con estudios vasculares. El manejo incluye desde tratamiento médico hasta cirugía reconstructiva. El objetivo de este artículo es brindar una breve reseña de esta enfermedad y presentar el caso de un paciente de 45 años, con parestesias y signos de hipoperfusión de los dedos 4.° y 5.° luego de múltiples traumatismos en la eminencia hipotenar. En la prueba de Allen, se detectó ausencia de vascularización de la arteria cubital, y la trombosis se confirmó mediante ecografía Doppler y angiotomografía. Se resecó el fragmento trombosado y se liberó el canal de Guyon. La evolución fue satisfactoria, no se observaron signos de isquemia y las parestesias mejoraron. Se realizó un seguimiento por 1 año.

El síndrome del martillo hipotenar es una patología vascular poco frecuente que produce una degeneración aneurismática de la arteria cubital a su paso por el canal de Guyon. Se suele dar en trabajadores expuestos a microtraumatismos de repetición en eminencia hipotenar; por ello, algunos autores lo consideran una enfermedad profesional. La clínica varía según el tamaño del aneurisma y la inestabilidad de su contenido. Para el diagnóstico, es necesario realizar una adecuada anamnesis y exploración física del paciente, así como tener un elevado índice de sospecha. Su tratamiento varía desde el médico conservador hasta la cirugía reconstructiva, dependiendo de la permeabilidad y de la integridad vascular del arco palmar. Se presenta un caso clínico de varón de 67 años con aparición de tumoración pulsátil dolorosa en eminencia hipotenar tras realizar trabajos de reforma. Mediante angiorresonancia, se confirmó la sospecha clínica, y se procedió a la resección del aneurisma parcialmente trombosado con posterior reconstrucción arterial.

A autora apresenta uma visão peculiar da importância de Alexis Carrel na elaboração dos princípios técnicos das anastomoses vasculares e preservação de órgãos. Sua genialidade desenvolveu técnicas de suturas vasculares inovatórias. Seus trabalhos experimentais apresentaram detalhamento técnico bem metodizado com aplicabilidade nas diversas características anatômicas vasculares e calibre dos vasos, que permitiram o avanço das cirurgias envolvendo vasos. Os princípios operatórios traçados alicerçaram as cirurgias de transplantes e são até hoje empregadas.

Copyright of Revista Salud UIS is the property of Universidad Industrial de Santander and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Transplantation is the property of Brazilian Journal of Transplantation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La arteria subclavia derecha aberrante es la anomalía vascular aortica más frecuente con una incidencia de 0,4% - 2 % en la población general. El ultrasonido endoscópico permite hacer el diagnostico de múltiples patologías incluyendo este tipo de alteraciones. El objetivo principal es evaluar la presencia de la arteria subclavia derecha aberrante como un hallazgo infrecuente en la ecoendoscopia superior. La población estará conformada por todos los pacientes atendidos en el servicio de gastroenterología en el Centro Médico Docente la Trinidad y la Clínica Atías para realización de ecoendoscopia superior. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, de tipo descriptivo observacional, de corte transversal. Se estudiaron 9.966 pacientes con ecoendoscopias superiores, 6 resultaron tener arteria subclavia derecha aberrante (4 mujeres y 2 hombres) con edades comprendidas entre los 39 y 72 años, todos con transductor radial solo uno presentaba disfagia a sólidos intermitente, todos confirmados por angio tomografía; resultando ser el 0,06% de la población total. Es un hallazgo poco frecuente a pesar de tratarse de la anomalía vascular aortica más habitual, puede pasar desapercibida durante la realización de la ecoendoscopia superior. Con el transductor radial se puede ver la estructura tubular anecógena que sale de la porción distal del cayado de la aorta cruzando a la derecha entre la columna y la pared posterior del esófago. Nuestra incidencia fue de 0,06% en comparación con el estudio realizado por Yusuf de 0,33%.

Los seudoaneurismas de las arterias de la mano son infrecuentes, se han publicado escasos reportes de casos de adultos, secundarios a un trauma cerrado o abierto. El diagnóstico se confirma mediante ecografía Doppler y otros estudios complementarios. Si no se trata, se puede complicar con trombosis, embolia distal de arterias digitales, lesión nerviosa o necrosis. La cirugía es el tratamiento recomendado y consiste en resección del segmento dañado y ligadura simple, arteriorrafia o reconstrucción vascular con injerto. Los objetivos de este reporte son describir un caso de seudoaneurisma hipotenar secundario a una herida penetrante en un niño y, dada la rareza de este cuadro, revisar, de manera no sistemática, la bibliografía actual.

Background: The ophthalmic artery is the first branch of the internal carotid artery. It comes out just distal to the cavernous sinus. The ophthalmic artery is an easily accessible vessel for Doppler evaluation that provides less accessible information about intracranial circulation. Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder in pregnancy related to 2% to 8% of pregnancy-related complications worldwide. Methodology: a narrative analysis was carried out through different databases from January 2014 to January 2022; the exploration and selection of articles was carried out in journals indexed in the English language. Among the keywords we use: Doppler, Artery, Ophthalmic, Prediction, Preeclampsia. Results: the internal carotid artery is divided into branches, the first being the ophthalmic artery. At the ophthalmic level, in women with preeclampsia, there has been a decrease in flow impedance and an increase in the speed in the waveform of the flow rate from the ophthalmic artery. It has been identified that between weeks 11 to 14, and between 20 to 28, patients who develop preeclampsia, present an increase in the second PSV, compared to patients in pregnancy without involvement. Another of the parameters evaluated in the Doppler of the ophthalmic artery is the maximum mesodiastolic velocity. Conclusions: this review provides updated and detailed information on the prediction of preeclampsia through the elective Doppler method of ophthalmic artery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pulmonary hypertension is a debilitating chronic disease. In the last 20 years, there has been im-pressive progress in the treatment strategy of pulmonary arterial hypertension. This led to a significant increase in the awareness and improvement in the clinical outcome, though there was no substantial improvement in the rate of mortality. This review summarizes the current state of the art of the treat-ment of pulmonary arterial hypertension, including the three main categories of pulmonary hypertension specific medication which were introduced in the last 20 years. Mainly drugs that restore prostaglandins function of the endothelial cells, drugs that restore Cyclic GMP in the endothelial cells and various forms of medication that inhibit Endothelin receptors. The current strategy to treat patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension is to initiate drug therapy as early as possible and to adopt combinational therapy using two or more classes of drugs simultaneously. There are current efforts to introduce future medica-tion that can be more specific to a phenotype of pulmonary hypertension.

Introduction: Ultrasound (US) guidance increases the success rate and decreases complications during central venous catheterisation (CVC). The benefits of US guidance in arterial catheterisation are less clear. The aim of this study is to compare the outcomes of US-guided arterial catheterisation with the traditional landmark (LM) technique in critically ill children. Methods: A prospective multicentre study was carried out in 18 Paediatric Intensive Care units in Spain during a 6-months period. Ultrasound guided and landmark techniques were compared in terms of cannulation technical success and immediate mechanical complications. Results: A total of 161 procedures were performed on 128 patients (78 procedures in the US group and 83 in the LM groups).. The median (interquartile range) age and weight of the cohort was 11 months (2–52), and 10 kg (4–17) respectively. More than half (59.6%) were male. US was used mainly in high-volume-high-complexity hospitals (cardiac surgery program 76.9% vs. 25.6%, P

The retina is an organ frequently affected by ischemic changes. Retinal arterial occlusion can be considered the equivalent of stroke, in terms of presentation, management and treatment. In addition to a specific ophthalmological treatment systemic management is essential with an appropriate study and control of cardiovascular risk factors considering these patients of a very high cardiovascular risk. In this consensus document we aim to provide an update on this relatively frequent pathology in our practices, considering the importance of an early and systematic action., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier España, S.L.U. and Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna (SEMI). All rights reserved.)

Background: The Southern Karaman sheep, which is very fertile in terms of meat and milk production and is often preferred in livestock raising, is known as a domestic sheep breed. The Hasak sheep is a breed formed by the triple crossbreeding of the German Black-headed, Hampshire and Akkaraman breeds. Arterial feeding of the forelimb is provided by arteria axillaris, a continuation of arteria subclavia. In this study, it was aimed to examine the forelimb arteries in Southern Karaman and Hasak sheep breeds.Materials and Methods: Totally, 8 Southern Karaman and 8 Hasak sheep were obtained from Konya Bahri Dagdas International Agricultural Institute. The sheep were anesthetised with xylazine and ketamine and extravasated by cutting the arteria carotis communis in the neck area of the sheep. The forelimbs of the sheep separated from the body were fixed in 10% formaldehyde solution and then dissections were made and the course and branching of the arteries were examined.Results: It was determined that the arteria brachialis was divided into two main branches as distal arteria brachialis and proximal arteria subscapularis at the articulatio humeri level of the arteria axillary. Arteria mediana, which is a continuation of arteria brachialis, was also examined in different parts of antebrachium and ended by splitting into branches.Conclusions: According to the findings of the Southern Karaman and Hasak sheep breeds, it was determined that the forelimb arteries had some anatomical differences but were similar in structure to many sheep breeds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objetivo: Comparar los resultados perinatales en gestantes con y sin alteración de Doppler de la Ar-teria Cerebral Media en fetos de crecimiento normal. Hospital Niño Jesús, Barranquilla, periodo julio 2017 – abril 2018. Materiales y métodos: Se presenta un estudio analítico prospectivo unicéntrico, diseñado con el objetivo de comparar los resultados perinatales en gestantes con y sin alteración de Doppler de la Arteria Cerebral Media en fetos de crecimiento normal. Hospital Niño Jesús, Barranquilla, periodo julio 2017 – abril 2018. Resultados: Muestra compuesta por un total de 200 pacientes, 180 pacientes que no presentaron alteración de Dopplerde la Arteria Cerebral Media con media en su percentil de 47,6 ± 25,0 y 20 pacientes cuyo percentil estuvo por debajo de 5 con media de 3,5 ± 1,0, no se encontraron diferencias significativas respecto a aumento de resultados perinatales adversos en ninguno de los grupos de estudio, aumento de la tasa de cesárea OR: 5,5 p: 0,001. Conclusiones: no existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas al comparar los resultados perinatales de las gestantes con y sin alteración de Doppler de la Arteria Cerebral Media en fetos de crecimiento normal, se evidenció un aumento estadísticamente significativo en la tasa de cesáreas en el grupo de Arteria Cerebral Media alterada.

Objetivo: Análise da experiencia no tratamento de aneurismas arteriais complexos bilaterais da artéria renal Introdução: Os aneurismas da artéria renal são uma entidade clinica rara, não estando definido na literatura de forma clara a sua epidemiologia, fisiopatologia e o melhor tratamento. Material e Métodos: Análise retrospetiva da base de dados prospetiva de doentes com o diagnóstico de aneurismas da artéria renal. Um total de 3 doentes com aneurismas bilaterais foram tratados cirurgicamente, procedendo-se a uma análise descritiva aplicada caso a caso. Resultados Caso clínico 1: Doente do sexo feminino, com 46 anos de idade, hipertensa arterial com diagnóstico incidenta de 2 dois aneurismas saculares da artéria renal direita e dois aneurismas saculares da artéria renal esquerda. Efetuou-se uma nefrectomia esquerda por via laparoscópica, em banca o rim foi perfundido e arrefecido com solução de Euro-Collins, tendo-se efetuado uma aneurismectomia e angioplastia com veia safena interna e implante do rim na fossa ilíaca esquerda. Quatro meses após foi realizado o tratamento do rim direito com realização de nefrectomia, por via laparoscópica, efetuou-se aneurismorrafia associada a aneurismectomia e pontagem renal com veia safena interna, prolongamento da veia renal com prótese espiralada de veia safena interna colhida na coxa e implantação do rim na fossa ilíaca direita Os pós operatórios decorreram sem intercorrências com patência renal bilateral. Caso clínico 2: Doente do sexo feminino, 38 anos de idade, hipertensa arterial com o diagnóstico incidental de dois aneurismas saculares da artéria renal direita e esquerdo. Efetuou-se uma nefrectomia esquerda por via laparoscópica tendo os aneurismas sido excluídos com clips de titânio de Yasergil associado a aneurismorrafia, e implante fossa ilíaca esquerda. Quatro meses após, foi realizado efetuando-se nefrectomia por via laparoscópica, e tratamento dos aneurismas por aneurismorrafia e prolongamento da veia renal com prótese espiralada de veia safena interna colhida na coxa, com implantação na fossa ilíaca direita Os pós operatórios decorreram sem intercorrências com patência renal bilateral Caso clinico 3: Doente do sexo masculino, com 33 anos, com o diagnóstico incidental em de 2 dois aneurismas fusiformes da artéria renal direita e dois aneurismas saculares da artéria renal esquerda. Foi efetuado nefrectomia direita, por via laparoscópica, os aneurismas foram isolados efetuando-se a laqueação da artéria polar renal por impossibilidade de reconstrução, e implantado o rim na fossa ilíaca direita. Dezassete meses após foi efetuada nefrectomia por via laparoscópica e tratamento por aneurismectomia associada a duas pontagens renais com veia safena interna e implantação do rim na fossa ilíaca esquerda. Os pós operatórios decorreram sem intercorrências com patência renal bilateral Discussão e conclusão O tratamento de aneurismas bilaterais é raro, tendo sido em 2014 publicado o primeiro caso de tratamento bilateral por autotransplante. Não há contudo estudos randomizados comparando a cirurgia in situ, ex-vivo e a cirurgia endovascular. No nosso centro, o tratamento de aneurismas da artéria renal complexos, que definimos como aqueles que necessitam para o seu tratamento de tempos de clampagem da artéria renal superior a 45 minutos, localizados em áreas da artéria não acessíveis à reconstrução in situ ou a tratamento endovascular normalmente localizados na bifurcação do tronco principal da artéria renal ou nos seus ramos iniciais, é efetuado através de cirurgia ex-vivo e autotransplante na fossa ilíaca e representa uma excelente terapêutica com morbilidade e mortalidade nula. A experiência em transplantação renal e cirurgia vascular é um requisito fundamental para o sucesso do tratamento.

It is important to know the arterial anatomy within the lateral cervical region before the flap-planning. We evaluated the arterial anatomy in this area using multidetector computed tomography (CT) angiography and our aim was to establish the arterial variations. Both sides of individuals in a total number of 155 carotid CT angiographies are reviewed by using 64-detector CT, retrospectively. The variations of suprascapular artery, superficial cervical artery, dorsal scapular artery that are inclusive of the lateral cervical region were assessed. Three arteries originated individually in 67 (23.8%) sides. They arose by trunk formation in 214 (76.2%) sides. The most common type of trunk formation was cervicodorsal trunk (107; 38%). The others were cervicoscapular trunk, cervicodorsoscapular trunk, dorsoscapular trunk and detected in 66 (23.4%), 40 (14.3%), 1 (0.3%) sides, respectively. The origins of arteries within the lateral cervical region may show variations and they may originate from subclavian artery or its branches individually or by trunk formations. It may be beneficial to know these variations before the reconstructive surgical procedures in head and neck. CT angiography is a non-invasive method that enables to evaluate the arterial anatomy and variations in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Academica Ciencia Animal is the property of Revista Academica Ciencia Animal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Academica Ciencia Animal is the property of Revista Academica Ciencia Animal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Resumo O aneurisma verdadeiro da artéria dorsal do pé é um achado médico raro, e suas principais causas e manifestações clinicas são pouco conhecidas. Paciente do sexo feminino, 49 anos de idade, apresentou-se com uma massa pulsátil no dorso do pé direito. O exame clínico e a imagem ultrassonográfica confirmaram o diagnóstico de um aneurisma. O aneurisma foi ressecado após dissecação, exposição e isolamento dos cotos proximal e distal da artéria dorsal do pé. A ligadura simples e a ressecção do aneurisma vêm se mostrando um tratamento seguro quando o arco plantar se mantém pérvio.

Copyright of Revista Española de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatologia (English Edition) is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Paciente de 16 anos do sexo masculino sofreu trauma pélvico fechado, seguido de formação de abscesso do músculo psoas e outras complicações infecciosas. Submetido a drenagem do abscesso retroperitonial onde foi encontrado extenso sangramento. A hemorragia foi contida com compressas. Após abordagem endovascular por embolização dos ramos da artéria hipogástrica, houve cessação da hemorragia, as compressas foram retiradas e o paciente recebeu alta do hospital sem complicações.A 16-year-old male patient sustained pelvic blunt trauma followed by an abscess formation of the psoas muscle and other infectious complications. Open drainage of the retroperitoneal abscess resulted in massive hemorrhage that was temporarily controlled by packing. After endovascular treatment by embolization of branches of the hypogastric artery, the hemorrhage was definitively controlled. Packs were removed and the patient was discharged with no further complications.

The trigeminal artery (TA) is the most common embryonic carotid-vertebrobasilar anastomosis to persist into adulthood. It typically extends from the internal carotid artery to the basilar artery. Persistent primitive arteries are usually found incidentally, but are often associated with vascular malformation, cerebral aneurysm and, in case of TA, with trigeminal neuralgia. We present one patient with TA as a cause of trigeminal neuralgia and in other three as an incidental finding, on TC and MR angiograms.Artéria trigeminal (AT) é a anastomose carótido-vertebrobasilar mais comum a persistir na vida adulta. Tipicamente estende-se da artéria carótida interna até a artéria basilar. Artérias primitivas persistentes são usualmente um achado incidental, mas freqüentemente estão associadas a malformações vasculares, aneurismas e, no caso da AT, a neuralgia do trigêmio. Apresentamos um paciente com AT como causa de neuralgia do trigêmio e em outros três como um achado incidental, em angiogramas por tomomografia computadorizada e ressonância magnética.

Atualmente, o tratamento das doenças vasculares periféricas é uma das áreas da medicina de maior expansão. O número de intervenções vasculares aumenta e os resultados das novas técnicas endovasculares estão muito próximos aos das tradicionais cirurgias vasculares. Embora a angioplastia ofereça bons resultados em curto prazo, o implante de stents procura melhorar o sucesso do procedimento e estender o seu uso a um número maior de pacientes com doença vascular periférica. Entretanto, a sua utilização ainda é controversa. O implante de stents no sistema aorto-ilíaco tem bons resultados; porém, a sua indicação para as lesões femoro-poplíteas ainda é discutida. Além disso, o rápido desenvolvimento de stents e sua escolha para uso no sistema vascular periférico têm sido uma difícil tarefa para o cirurgião endovascular. Muitos fatores influenciam a escolha do stent, e um amplo conhecimento desse material é essencial. Tal escolha depende da avaliação pré-operatória, da localização e das características da lesão e também do uso do stent primário ou seletivo. Nesse trabalho, são realizadas revisão do histórico do desenvolvimento dos stents, desde os estudos experimentais até os ensaios clínicos e também discussão sobre a sua aplicação no tratamento das doenças vasculares periféricas.The treatment of peripheral vascular diseases is one of the most rapidly expanding fields of medicine today. The number of peripheral interventions increased and innovative endovascular techniques are close to the results of traditional vascular surgeries. Although balloon angioplasty alone offers good immediate results, implantation of stents has been proposed to improve the procedural success and extend its application to more patients with peripheral vascular disease. However, stenting is controversial. Use of stents has good results in aortoiliac vessels, but its use in femoropopliteal vessels is still in dispute. Moreover, the rapid development of endovascular stents for peripheral applications and their choice have been a complicated task for endovascular surgeons. Many factors influence choice of stent, therefore, knowledge of available stents is mandatory. Appropriate selection depends on adequate preprocedural evaluation of the lesion, choice of primary vs. selective stent placement, and location and characteristics of the lesion. In this article the history of stent development is reviewed, from studies with experimental models to clinical practice, and its application in the treatment of peripheral vascular diseases is discussed.

Os sangramentos no retroperitônio são, em sua grande maioria, secundários a eventos traumáticos envolvendo grande energia cinética, com poucos relatos na literatura caracterizados como espontâneos. No presente relato, descrevemos paciente gestante, portadora de doença de Von Recklinghausen e com volumoso hematoma retroperitoneal diagnosticado durante o parto cesariano, secundário a ruptura espontânea de artéria lombar. A doença de Von Recklinghausen apresenta manifestações vasculares bem descritas, caracterizando-se principalmente por estenoses que são secundárias a tumores intramurais (proliferação das células de Schwann) e raramente dilatações aneurismáticas, assintomáticas em sua maioria. No presente caso, foi realizada a aortografia com cateterização seletiva e embolização da artéria sangrante com sucesso.Retroperitoneal bleeding is mainly due to traumatic events with a high amount of kinetic energy, with few reported cases of spontaneous events in the literature. We report on a case of a pregnant woman with Von Recklinghausen"s disease and bulky retroperitoneal hematoma diagnosed during cesarean delivery secondary to spontaneous lumbar artery rupture. Von Recklinghausen"s disease has well-described vascular manifestations, mainly characterized by stenoses related to intramural tumors (Schwann cell proliferation) and rarely asymptomatic aneurysmal dilatations. In this case, aortography was performed with successful selective catheterization and embolization of the bleeding artery.

Pseudo-aneurisma, ou falso aneurisma, é uma entidade clínica causada por ruptura da parede arterial, com extravasamento de sangue que é contido pelos tecidos vizinhos. Apresentamos um relato de caso de uma paciente do sexo feminino, de 64 anos, que foi encaminhada devido a uma rara lesão da artéria torácica lateral direita, levando ao pseudo-aneurisma, após traumatismo contuso. Os autores não têm conhecimento de caso semelhante na literatura consultada.Pseudoaneurysm, or false aneurysm, is a clinical entity caused by arterial wall rupture, with blood extravasation contained by neighboring tissues. We report a case of a 64-year-old female patient, who was referred due to a rare right lateral thoracic artery lesion leading to pseudoaneurysm secondary to blunt trauma. The authors did not find a similar case in the literature.

The goal of this study was to describe the intramuscular artery and nerve distribution in detail by different colors in the same whole mount gracilis muscle. Red latex injection into the external iliac artery was performed on 14 fresh human cadavers. Two weeks later, 28 gracilis muscles were harvested from the cadavers and during this course the number of the arterial pedicle of each specimen was counted. Then, the muscle specimens were fixed in 10% formalin 4 weeks for fixation and Sihler's staining procedures was performed on each muscle specimens. After all of the procedures, the gracilis muscle appeared almost transparent, and the extra- and intramuscular artery and nerve branches, even the terminals, were clearly demonstrated in red and dark blue separately. Two of the 28 specimens were supplied by a single main arterial pedicle alone, 14 specimens by a main arterial pedicle and an accessory pedicle, 8 specimens by a main pedicle and 2 accessory pedicles, while 4 specimens by a main arterial pedicle and 3 accessory pedicles. Although the number of the arterial pedicles was inconsistent, the intramuscular artery branches anastomosed with each other and formed a whole arterial system in all specimens. The nerve innervating the gracilis muscle divided into two or three major branches, which directed distally and innervated the distal two thirds of the muscle, while running longitudinally and parallel to the muscle fibers. We found the innervation pattern was remarkably consistent from specimen to specimen. This study provided very detailed and useful information for anatomists, physiologists and reconstructive surgeons. Furthermore, we here also provided a new method to demonstrate the intramuscular artery and nerve distribution in the same whole mount muscle by different colors for other researchers to refer to. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To report the completion of a coronary angioplasty for anterior descending artery with implantation of a conventional stent and medical evolution of the patient until the day of his discharge. Method: Data were obtained from medical records analysis, report of examinations performed, hemodynamic photographic record, interview with the doctor who performed the angioplasty and literature review. Final considerations: the case reported and raised publications demonstrate the importance of early diagnosis of arteriosclerotic disease from conducting a good interview, HPI and performance of hemodynamic procedures and open discussions on AMI frequency in patients over 50 years , smoking and hypertension in Brazil. This article tends to show that angioplasty performed with precision and agility at risk medical situations, they are able to obtain satisfactory results and improved quality of life of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJETIVO: Observar o comportamento da sutura arterial em aortas abdominais de coelhos em crescimento, comparando-se as técnicas contínua e com pontos separados, empregando-se dois tipos de fios: Polipropilene 7-0 (inabsorvível) e Polidioxanone 7-0 (absorvível). MÉTODOS: Grupos: GI - Controle (sem sutura); GII - Polipropilene, Pontos Separados; GIII - Polipropilene, Contínua; GIV - Polidioxanone, Pontos Separados e GV - Polidioxanone, Contínua. Cada grupo foi subdividido em quatro Momentos de Eutanásia: aos 7, 14, 30 e 60 dias de pós-operatório. Foram avaliados: peso dos animais, diâmetros e pulsos arteriais, estenose, trombose, aderências, aortografia, visibilidade do fio, cicatrização e microscopia. RESULTADOS: a) após 60 dias, o local da linha de sutura cresceu de forma significativa em todos os grupos; b) a técnica de sutura com pontos separados causou menor estenose da linha de sutura, observada tanto no ato cirúrgico, como na eutanásia dos animais; c) no exame histopatológico, as diferenças encontradas entre grupos foram transitórias, não persistindo após 60 dias de pós-operatório. CONCLUSÃO: O polidioxanone mostrou ser a melhor opção, entre os dois fios, para sutura de artérias em crescimento, pois causa pouca ou nenhuma restrição ao crescimento arterial na linha de sutura, mesmo quando se emprega a técnica contínua.PURPOSE: To assess the arterial suture, comparing continuous and interrupted techniques, in abdominal aorta of growing rabbbits, using two types of suture material: Polypropylene 7-0 (nonabsorbable) and Polydioxanone 7-0 (absorbable). METHODS: Groups: GI - Control, without arterial suture; GII - Polypropylene, Interrupted technique; GIII - Polipropilene, Continuous technique; GIV - Polydioxanone, Interrupted technique and GV - Polydioxanone, Continuous technique. Each group was subdivided in four Moments of Euthanasia , according with the number of days after surgery: 7 , 14 , 30 and 60 days. The following itens were assessed: weight, arterial diameters and pulse, stenosis, thrombosis, tissue adherence at the suture line, aortography, suture material visibility, suture line healling visibility and microscopic study. RESULTS: a) after 60 days, the suture line site had a significant growing in all groups; b) interrupted technique result less suture line stenosis in surgical act and in euthanasia c) the difference between groups showed in the microscopic study, was transitory, not pesisting after 60 days post surgery; CONCLUSION: Polydioxanone is better than polypropylene for suture in growing artery, not causing (or causing little) restriction to the growing of the suture line, even though using continuous technique.

Foram dissecados 30 exemplares de fetos de suínos da linhagem "Rezende", após injeção do sistema vascular arterial, via artéria aorta descendente torácica, com Neoprene látex "450" corado com pigmento específico e fixação em solução aquosa de formol a 10%, para a observação da origem, número e ordenação das artérias destinadas ao lobo torácico do timo. O antímero esquerdo foi irrigado por ramos diretos das artérias torácica interna esquerda (96,66%), cervical superficial esquerda (40,00%), torácica interna direita (26,66%), tronco braquiocefálico (20,00%), subclávia esquerda (10,00%), carótida comum esquerda (10,00%), vertebral esquerda (6,66%), cervical superficial direita (6,66%), tronco bicarotídico (6,66%), torácica externa direita (3,33%) e axilar esquerda (3,33%); ramos indiretos foram provenientes das artérias torácica interna esquerda (40,00%), cervical superficial esquerda (23,33%) e subclávia esquerda (3,33%). O antímero direito foi irrigado por ramos diretos, provenientes das artérias torácica interna direita (63,33%), cervical superficial direita (13,33%), carótida comum direita (6,66%), torácica externa direita (3,33%) e subclávia direita (3,33%); ramos indiretos foram originários das artérias torácica interna direita (20,00%), cervical superficial direita (10,00%), torácica externa direita (3,33%) e subclávia direita (3,33%). A massa tímica do antímero direito esteve presente em 43,33% dos casos, ausente em 30,00% e reduzida em 26,66%, sendo observado de 1 a 7 ramos penetrantes em seu parênquima. A massa tímica do antímero esquerdo foi encontrada em 100,00% das dissecações, recebendo de 2 a 9 ramos penetrantes.

Three branches are born from the aortic arch (CA): the brachiocephalic trunk (TB), the left common carotid artery (ACCI) and the left subclavian vein (ASI); This happens in 70% of cases. Variations in the embryological development originate anomalies in the distribution of the CA branches. Objetive: To report an anatomical variation of the aortic arch that involves the arrangement of its collateral branches, as a contribution to the literature to determine the frequency of this type of abnormalities present in this structure. Materials and methods: The dissection of the heart and its large vessels were performed in 28 cadavers fixed in formaldehyde to 10% of the Anatomical Institute of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Zulia, all adults. Results: Of the dissections made, only one cadaver presented variation in the CA branches; From this emerged three branches, but with different disposition: 1) The TB, giving as collateral branch to the ACCI, soon to end branching in the right subclavian and right common carotid; 2) The vertebral artery, which after an intrathoracic path entered the vertebral canal and; 3) the ASI, arising from the staff to the left of the origin of the vertebral artery. Conclusion: In our report there are two arterial variations. It is important to note that most of the publications related to these anatomical variants reflected isolated findings; Although finding a variant of these is not very common, finding two in the same individual is extremely rare. The importance of mentioning the existence of morphological changes, such as the present one, is undisputed and must be taken into account in different surgical sub-areas. It is also recommended that a study be carried out in Venezuela to quantify the incidence of changes in the morphology of the branches of the aortic arch, since these can vary in different parts of the world, in order to reduce the risks of complications of the interventions performed in our country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper described the architecture of the dog aortic arterial wall focused in the ascendant; thoracic descendent, and abdominal parts of the aorta. Furthermore, in this study we analyzed the wall structure of the right external iliac artery and the left vertebral artery of dog aiming to compare their architectural patterns with the aortic wall mainly in abdominal aortic part, which was structured by a mixed muscular and connective matrix equilibrated elements. The variables analyzed were the thickness of each mural layer; the number of elastic lamellae, mainly localized into the medial layer structure, and the diameters of each aortic segment. The aortic structure showed a typical elastic pattern in the ascendant and descendant thoracic parts, but in its abdominal segment a lesser presence of elastic lamellae permitted to classify it with a mixed mural composition. The aortic segments mainly presented variable amounts of smooth muscle cells and connective matrix assuming a meshwork pattern. Furthermore, smooth muscle cells were seen intermingled with connective lamellae and fibers forming the complex meshwork related, which certainly helped to guarantee the aortic mural integrity during the aortic blood flow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The modeling and simulation of the biomechanical effects present in the aorta, give the health specialist a computational tool that can be used in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. For that reason on this research a mathematical model was developed in order to implement digital dimensional simulations to analyze the mechanical behavior of arteries. First, its described the methodology used in the construction of the geometry of the artery based on images from a CT scan, next the necessary experimental tests to obtain mechanical parameters required by the model and finally his fractional order. Obtaining a finite element simulation where the areas of greatest stress concentration and the displacement field are identified. To obtain these results a novel formulation based on fractional order viscoelastic models was used and the values required for simulation were obtained through the complex modulus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Culture & Local Governance / Culture et Gouvernance Locale is the property of Culture & Local Governance, Centre on Governance and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper consists of a study conducted to quantify the traffic congestion problem. Additionally, it describes the complete methodological process from data collection to cost per minute delay. Traffic congestion issues are frequently observed in large cities of the world where the road facilitiesoperate at capacity limits. To estimate the congestion cost,an arterial route of Karachi (A metropolitan city of Pakistan) was selected that has significant importance due to the industrial and port associated activity. The obtained results indicate that Pak Rs. 1 million are lost daily due to traffic congestion, which is extrapolated for whole Karachi. The amount is a composition of opportunity and fuel consumption costs caused due to excessive delays in congestion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]