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Adenomyosis is a benign uterine disease that occurs with the invasion of the endometrial gland and stoma into the myometrium. The etiology and molecular pathology of adenomyosis are not yet fully understood. Tissue samples of patients diagnosed with adenomyosis and healthy endometrial tissues were investigated for the lipogenesis and cholesterol synthesis pathways. It was aimed to determine the difference between adenomyosis and healthy endometrial tissues in terms of lipid metabolism and to investigate the mechanism of adenomyosis in this context.

Background and Objectives: This study aimed to assess the impact of monopolar electrocautery on the fetus during cesarean section. Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted with 552 patients delivered by cesarean section. Patients were grouped based on usage of monopolar electrocautery. In 272 patients, monopolar electrocautery was used to separate the tissues before the delivery. In 280 patients, no electrocautery was used. Newborn vital signs, Apgar scores, umbilical cord blood parameters, newborn serum parameters collected within 6th postpartum hour, and rate of newborn intensive care unit admission were compared. Results: The 1st and 5th minute Apgar scores were significantly higher in the electrocautery group; however, this difference lost its significance at the 10th minute. The median newborn pulse rate (148 (7) vs. 146 (6) beats per minute, p = 0.026), umbilical cord blood pH, and partial oxygen pressure were significantly higher in the electrocautery group compared to the no-electrocautery group (7.34 ± 0.06 vs. 7.31 ± 0.06, p < 0.001, and 25.5 (14.77) vs. 23 (16.08) mmHg, p = 0.025, respectively). The median umbilical cord blood serum calcium level was 1.51 (0.64) mmol/L in the electrocautery group, which was significantly lower than 1.9 (0.82) mmol/L in the no-electrocautery group (p = 0.002). The incidence of hypoglycemia was significantly lower in the electrocautery group than in the no-electrocautery group (2.2% vs. 5.7%, p = 0.035). Conclusions: Monopolar electrocautery during cesarean section affects the fetus, but it is safe to use it. Electrocautery is independently associated with umbilical cord blood pH and calcium level. Electrocautery may be associated with a lower incidence of hypoglycemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is a typical gynecological malignant tumor that occurs more frequently every year. Obesity is a significant contributor to the development of EC and its prognosis. Lipid metabolism and malignant tumors have a long history of association. Elevated cholesterol levels are made possible by adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette protein A1 (ABCA1) deficiency, which eventually promotes cancer cell survival. The aim of this study was to examine at the ABCA1 gene expression levels in EC patients. The relationship between ABCA1 and the occurrence, progression, and prognosis of EC is discussed in this article as a potential mechanism. Materials and Methods: The samples of 45 endometrial adenocarcinoma patients were retrospectively included in this study and they were further divided into Grade 1 (15), Grade 2 (15), Grade 3 (15) tumors, control group. Twenty-nine endometrial tissues without a confirmed diagnosis of endometrial cancer made up the control group. ABCA1 gene expression was examined using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: According to the results, the gene expressions of the patient group were higher than the control group When each Grade was compared with the control group, statistically significant results were obtained. After analyzing the data, it was found that the patient group was generally higher than the control group (p < 0.05) and there were differences in the grades of the patient group (p < 0.05). When the ABCA1 expressions of the grade groups and control groups were compared separately, a difference was found between Grade 1, Grade 2 and Grade 3 and the control group (p= 0.0001). Conclusion: According to the findings of our study, a key component in the growth of EC tumors is the increase in cholesterol production caused by a reduction in ABCA1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to evaluate the screening performance of estimated fetal weight (EFW) and abdominal circumference (AC) measurements in predicting newborns with birth weight (BW) less than the 10th percentile for birth age (BW <10p). STUDY DESIGN: Three hundred thirty-one pregnant women who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in this retrospective cohort study. The groups were divided into two groups: those diagnosed with FGR (FGR group) and those not diagnosed (non-FGR)after the 32nd week of gestation. Demographic and obstetric histories, ultrasonographic and clinical features, and neonatal outcomes of the groups were recorded, and comparisons between the groups were conducted. The screening performances of AC and EFW were compared for predicting newborns with BW<10p and assessing neonatal outcomes. RESULTS: AC or EFW measures below 10% (AC<10p or EFW<10p) demonstrated the highest screening performance for BW<10p, with 91.7% sensitivity and 91% specificity. AC<10p demonstrated the highest performance in predicting neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, with 75.9% sensitivity and 89.1% specificity. For neonates with a 5-minute APGAR score of less than 7, AC<10p or EFW<10p had 88.2% sensitivity and 69.7% specificity. CONCLUSION: This study shows that AC and EFW measurements can be used together or separately to predict newborns who are small for their gestational age (SGA). Using values below 10% of either AC or EFW together gives the best results in terms of sensitivity and specificity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oncogenic growth signal regulates glucose, glutamine and lipid metabolism to provide the bioenergy and biosynthetic requirements of rapidly dividing tumor cells. A class of membrane-bound transcription factors known as sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) activate the genes encoding the enzymes required to produce cholesterol and unsaturated fatty acids. In this study, we discussed the anticancer role of SREBP and its target genes, lipid and cholesterol metabolism enzymes in the development of endometrial cancer. This study comprised 45 patients with endometrial adenocarcinoma, who were further categorized into Grade 1 (n = 15), Grade 2 (n = 15), and Grade 3 (n = 15). The control group consisted of 29 endometrial tissues without an endometrial cancer diagnosis. SREBP, ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), fatty acid synthase (FASN), acetyl CoA acetyltransferase (ACAT) and 3-hydroxy-3- methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR) gene expressions were examined using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. The gene expressions of the patient group were higher than the control group (P <0.05), and there were differences between the grades of the patient group (P <0.05). In general comparison, it was observed that SREBP expression increased in the patient group compared to the control group. While the SREBF1 increased in grade 2 (p=0.0001), the SREBF2 increased in grade 1(p=0.0001). The findings imply that whereas lipogenesis might exhibit various tissue-specific behaviours linked to a few pathways, it might also have a direct connection to endometrial cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To assess the role of inflammatory markers in preoperative prediction of a coexisting endometrial adenocarcinoma (EC) in patients with atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH). Patients with a preoperative diagnosis of AEH based on endometrial sampling and who underwent surgical treatment were retrospectively assessed. Ratios of platelet-to-lymphocyte, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and lymphocyte-to-monocyte, systemic immune-inflammation index and systemic inflammation response index were calculated. Patients were grouped based on the definitive postoperative pathological diagnosis as benign and endometrial adenocarcinoma groups. The cell counts and inflammatory markers were compared between these two groups. ROC curves were constructed for independent predictors of the diagnosis of coexisting endometrial adenocarcinoma to establish diagnostic cut-off values. There were 54 patients. Coexisting EC was detected in 30 patients (55.6%). All of the adenocarcinomas were endometrioid adenocarcinomas in stage 1. Among components of complete blood count (CBC) test monocyte counts, nucleated red blood cell (NRBC) percentage and immature granulocyte (IG) percentage were found to be significantly higher in the adenocarcinoma group. No significant difference was observed with respect to the inflammation indices. ROC curve analysis was performed in order to find cut-off values for monocyte count, NRBC percentage and IG percentage with significant sensitivities and specificities to predict coexisting adenocarcinoma, however, none of these parameters reached a significant area under the curve value. Monocytes, NRBCs and IGs tend to rise in AEH patients with coexisting EH; however, in endometrial biopsy-based AEH diagnosed patients, the prediction of coexisting EC with a simple CBC seems not to be possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The goal is to assess the role of immature granulocytes (IG) in the diagnosis of acute pelvic-inflammatory- disease (PID) and to determine whether they are useful for discriminating mild/moderate and severe PID. Methods: Patients admitted with the diagnosis of acute PID were retrospectively assessed. Diagnosis was based on CDC criteria. Patients were grouped as severe and mild/moderate PID based on need for hospitalization. Control group consisted of patients in whom PID was excluded by laparoscopy. Sample size was calculated with statistical methods. IGs were compared within the groups. Cutoff values were determined for prediction of diagnosis and severity of acute PID. Results: There were 74 severe, 32 mild/moderate acute PID, and 41 control patients. Thirty patients had surgery following no response to antibiotic treatment or tubo-ovarian abscess. IGs were significantly higher in the severe group compared to mild/moderate and control groups. ROC analysis showed IG counts (≥ 0.035 μL) and percentages (≥ 0.35%) were significantly effective in predicting acute PID and were associated with severity when they were ≥ 0.055 μL and ≥ 0.42%, respectively. IG count ≥ 0.085 was found to have 58.6% sensitivity and 63.1% specificity for prediction of surgical intervention need. Conclusions: IGs are components of simple CBC tests and are easily obtainable, cheap markers. They were found to be elevated in acute PID and correlated significantly with the severity of the disease. These markers may serve as adjunctive markers for the diagnosis of acute PID and may be useful in discrimination between mild/moderate and severe PID. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Problem: We aimed to investigate the predictive value of delta neutrophil index (DNI) for histological choriomanionitis (HCAM) and the effect of maternal inflammatory markers on neonatal outcomes and fetal inflammatory parameters. Method of Study: In this retrospective cross‐sectional study, 68 pregnant women without HCAM (group 1) and 46 pregnant women diagnosed with HCAM (group 2) were divided into two groups. Demographic stories of the groups; maternal hematological parameters; maternal DNI and systemic inflammatory index (SII) values; outcomes of newborns; fetal inflammatory markers were recorded and compared between groups. Results: Maternal DNI, and SII levels were significantly higher in group 2 (p value <.05 for all). Admission to the neonatal unit (NICU) was higher in group 2 than in group 1 (p =.0001). We found that fetal inflammatory markers were significantly higher in group 2 (p values.001 for CRP,.0001 for DNI, and.002 for leukocyte). Maternal DNI was determined to be significantly diagnostic at a value of ≥1.3 in HCAM (p =.001). We observed that SII had a significant predictive value of 953036.6 (p =.019) for NICU admission. There is also a positive correlation between fetal inflammatory markers and maternal inflammatory markers. Conclusions: We found that maternal inflammatory markers are high in HCAM, maternal DNI can predict patients who will develop HCAM, maternal SII value can predict NICU admission, fetal inflammatory markers are high in HCAM, and these markers are affected by maternal inflammatory markers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Turkish Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)