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Perceptual cognitive skills in real game settings, under conditions of fatigue, such as the ability to gather relevant visual information, are key factors in achieving motor goals in sports. The objectives were to evaluate the effects of acute physical fatigue on gaze behavior during a badminton game (Study 1) and in an unfavorable force ratio situation (Study 2). Six international-level badminton players played two sets and unfavorable force ratio situations while wearing eye-tracking glasses before and after a fatiguing task. During the set, fatiguing physical exercise led to fewer fixations per exchange and more fixations on one area of interest. During unfavorable force ratio situations, fatiguing physical exercise led to shorter fixation durations per exchange, shorter fixation durations on two areas of interest, and longer fixation durations on one area of interest. The results showed that gaze behaviors were adapted in acute physical fatigue conditions to maintain performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract\nIMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONThis study evaluates the impact of a badminton racket on forward and backward propulsion in wheelchair badminton, aiming to discern if this impact varies between propulsion directions. Nineteen experienced wheelchair badminton players underwent propulsion tests with and without a badminton racket. In forward propulsion when comparing the same hand with and without a racket, the badminton racket distinctly alters propulsion technique parameters depending on the propulsion direction. It increases sprint time by 4% to 5% and reduces mean, maximum, and peak velocities by 3% to 8% regardless of propulsion direction. Deceleration is also diminished by 9% to 11% with the racket in both directions, potentially decreasing overall performance. However, the comparison of data between the hand with a racket and the opposite hand without a racket did not reveal enough significant results to establish a negative effect of the racket. Notably, while the impact of the racket differs between propulsion directions, there is no significant difference in the effect between forward and backward propulsion. The use of a badminton racket influences propulsion technique parameters differently based on the propulsion direction (decrease in propulsion phase time during forward propulsion and the opposite during backward propulsion) and increases performance parameters such as velocity and deceleration consistently across both directions when comparing the same hand with and without a badminton racket. However, the direction of propulsion does not amplify the racket’s effect. These findings underscore the importance for wheelchair badminton players to consider equipment effects on performance in both propulsions.Coaches and athletes should account for the racket’s influence on propulsion technique and performance.Training should incorporate strategies to mitigate the negative effects of the racket on propulsion.Exploring modifications to equipment, such as handrim designs or gripping techniques, could improve performance.Coaches and athletes should account for the racket’s influence on propulsion technique and performance.Training should incorporate strategies to mitigate the negative effects of the racket on propulsion.Exploring modifications to equipment, such as handrim designs or gripping techniques, could improve performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are warm-up programs designed to reduce injuries for various sports; however, no study has been conducted on the development of a protocol for preventing injuries in badminton. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a prevention warm-up program (PreventiBad) in reducing injury rates among youth badminton players. A cluster randomised controlled trial was conducted, involving 273 youth badminton players (13.81 ± 2.76 years). The intervention group incorporated the program as part of their warm-up during training sessions, while the control group adhered to their usual warm-up. The participants were monitored over an 8 weeks period, with primary outcome measures including the incidence of overall injuries, typology and severity. The rate of adherence to the intervention program was assessed as a secondary outcome. A total of 14 injuries were reported among 147 players in the control group in 3440.50 h of exposure (4.07 injuries/1000 h), and a total of 6 injuries were reported across 126 players within the intervention group in 4865.00 exposure hours (1.23 injuries/1000 h). The Injury Risk Ratio was 0.30 (95%CI 0.12 to 0.75). Results indicated that the use of PreventiBad in the intervention group led to a 70% reduction compared to the control group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Instability resistance training (IRT) has been the focus of extensive research because of its proven benefits to balance ability, core stability, and sports performance for athletes. However, there is a lack of systematic reviews explicitly evaluating IRT's impact on athletes' balance ability. This study aims to conduct a systematic review of the effects of IRT on balance ability among athletes. Method: This study used guidelines for the systematic review and meta-analysis of PRISMA, Web of Science, EBSCOhost (SPORTDiscus), PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar to collect original references in electronic databases. The PICOS method was selected for the inclusion criteria. The physiotherapy evidence database (PEDro) scale was used to assess the scoring for articles' risk range of bias. The scoring of 20 studies ranges from 4–8, and study quality is moderate to high. Results: Out of 285 identified studies, only 20 articles fulfilled all the eligibility criteria after screening. IRT could significantly improve reciprocal, static, and dynamic balance ability among judo athletes, basketball players, weightlifters, archery athletes, soccer players, rhythmic gymnasts, badminton players, track and field athletes, handball players, volleyball players, and gymnasts using unstable surfaces or environments (i.e., BOSU, Swiss, Wobble boards, Suspension trainer, Sissel pillows, Inflated disc and foam surface, Airex balance pad, Togu power ball, Thera-Band, Elastic band strap, Sand surface and so on). Conclusion: The finding suggests that different types of IRT benefit athletes as this training method can effectively enhance reciprocal, static, and dynamic balance ability in athletes. Therefore, this review suggests that IRT should be considered in athletes' daily training routines for the physical fitness of reciprocal, static, and dynamic balance ability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Assessment of a badminton player's footwork is critical. However, the automated footwork assessment method is lacking. The purpose of the study is to investigate how seismographs can be used to collect vibration signals to locate the footsteps of a player on the badminton court. Four seismographs are positioned at the four corners of the badminton court to acquire the vibration signals of two players' footsteps. After signal preprocessing, multiple features are extracted from the preprocessed vibration signals, including the maximum amplitude A M P m a x , the index of the maximum amplitude I N D m a x , and area under the waveform of the signal A U W . The latter two features are selected to predict the localization of the footstep after correlation analysis of the features. A multilayer perceptron (MLP) and a support vector machine (SVM) are trained to combine all the features to predict the locations of the footsteps into one of the eighteen zones of the badminton court. Six-fold and leave-one-out (LOO) cross-validations are used to estimate the accuracy of the localization method. All three extracted features are correlated with the footstep location, and A M P m a x and A U W are highly correlated. Both the six-fold and LOO cross-validations indicate that the overall accuracy is 98–99%, using either the MLP or the SVM. These promising results indicate that the proposed approach has a potential to trace badminton player's footwork accurately and future studies are warranted to investigate the utilities of the vibration signals in badminton player's footwork assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The badminton jump smash is vital for winning rallies, but players can have unintended variations in performance. This study examines the causes of intra-individual smash speed variations among 19 Malaysian male elite players. Twenty-five jump smashes were recorded using a 3D motion capture system, with the three fastest (95.0 ± 3.6 m·s−1) and three slowest (85.8 ± 5.8 m·s−1) smashes per participant categorised into different groups. Six racket/shuttlecock variables and six upper body technique variables during the swing phase and at the point of contact were analysed. Five out of the six racket/shuttlecock variables, including post-impact shuttlecock speed, racket head speed at contact, impact location, distance from the racket's geometric centre, and swing time, significantly differed between groups. Only the shoulder elevation angle differed significantly from 75% to 95% of the forward swing (p = 0.023), with less elevation during faster smashes. Consistency in producing high shuttlecock speeds during the jump smash for elite players is primarily achieved through variables linked to timing. Players/coaches should focus on being able to initially produce high racket head speeds, at which point ensuring a consistently efficient impact between the stringbed and shuttlecock should be the priority. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to examine the relationship between the proprioception of college-level badminton athletes and their accuracy in badminton tosses. The study utilizes five proprioception testing methods, including joint position sense, movement sense, force sense, and strength to assess the proprioception integrity of the athletes. The testing indicators include upper limb muscle proprioception, upper arm muscle proprioception, lower limb proprioception, kinesthetic proprioception, and upper limb kinesthetic accuracy. The results indicate significant differences (P < 0.05) in the force sensation of upper limb muscles among players with varying levels of skill in the high serve. Furthermore, a correlation exists between the force sensation of upper limb muscles and the accuracy of the forehand clear (P > 0.05). Significant differences (P < 0.05) were also observed in the force sensation of upper limb muscles among players at different skill levels in the forehand clear. The force sensation of upper limb muscles is correlated with hitting accuracy, suggesting its importance for the accuracy of shuttlecock landing locations during the stable phase of motion patterns. This paper provides substantial evidence that proprioception training can enhance the performance of badminton athletes and offers theoretical support for innovative selection methods in badminton sports. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The purpose of this study was to quantitatively measure the split-step skills of the world's top badminton players to clarify the characteristics underlying these skills when moving into the forehand position in the rear court. Methods: We analyzed the four best ranking players (1st to 4th) in the men's singles competition at the World Badminton Federation (BWF) World Championships 2023, a world tournament whose match videos are available online. Analysis 1 was conducted to determine the location of the players' feet on the court when performing a split-step while moving to the forehand rear court, as well as the width of the stance and the reaction time from that stance to taking the first step. To define the characteristics of top athletes, the split-step skill performance of these athletes was evaluated during play. Analysis 2 was used to determine whether the performance of the split-step when moving to the forehand rear court varied depending on the position of the opposing player. Results: Analysis 1 showed that the split-step position was gathered close to the base, with an average split-step reaction time of 0.25 s and a split-step stance width comprising 50% of the players' height. These results were similar among all top players evaluated. Analysis 2 showed that the difference in the number of shuttlecocks that hit the opponent's backhand rear court (LR) affected their degree of split-step skill. Conclusion: In this study, we quantitatively measured the split-step skills of the world's top badminton athletes and clarified the characteristics of their positioning into the forehand rear court during active play. Herein, movement and performance analysis using match videos available online was used to gain novel insights into the performance of these athletes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Study purpose. The purpose of this research is to look into the use Analysis of Badminton Techniques Smash Using A Biomechanical Approach. Materials and methods. The PRISMA standards for systematic reviews and metaanalyses were followed in this review investigation. The study must be published with in the prior four years, from January 2020 to Desember 2024. In the search procedure, the following keywords are used: (1) Badminton; (2) Smash. Scopus search engine was used in this research. Results. The theme of this research as a whole obtained 155. Consists of 37 articles which are then taken 10 relevant articles. Conclusions. Analysis of badminton smash techniques using a biomechanical approach includes the effect of smash techniques with a biomechanical approach based on relevant results includes improving smash performance, strength and speed training, muscle strength biomechanical, improving smash speed, glutamine accelerates athlete recovery, and fatigue reduces jumping smash performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Double rocking jump rope training can effectively enhance physical recovery, adaptability to exercise load, and lower limb muscle strength of badminton players in sports colleges, thus offering valuable insights for improving training methods in sports colleges and universities. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of double rocking jump rope training on the lower limb muscle strength of badminton players specializing in badminton in sports colleges. METHODS: An experimental study was conducted through a ten-week teaching intervention experiment with badminton players. Relevant heart rate indexes and badminton related lower limb muscle strength indexes were measured before and after the experiment. The data of the measured relevant indexes were statistically and analytically analyzed. At the end of the experiment, the physical recovery level and the heart's adaptability to the exercise load of the control group were improved, and the lower limb muscle strength test indexes and sports performance were better than before the experiment. In the experimental group, badminton players' physical function, anaerobic metabolism of the body and other aspects also improved. RESULTS: The physical function of the experimental group of badminton players, the energy supply capacity of the body anaerobic metabolism and aerobic work capacity all have an enhancement effect, enabling badminton players to adapt to large exercise loads quickly and improve the recovery rate of physical fitness. CONCLUSION: The introduction of double rocking jump rope into badminton training classes in sports colleges and universities as a means of lower limb muscle strength training is conducive to improving the level of lower limb muscle strength of special badminton players, enriching the teaching and training means of lower limb muscle strength in sports colleges and universities, and broadening the research field of lower limb muscle strength in badminton in sports colleges and universities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. The objective of this study was to explore the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) combined with hand grip strengthening exercises in amateur badminton players. Materials and methods. This study was a participant-blinded, randomized controlled trial. Thirty amateur badminton players, aged 8–20 years with a minimum playing experience of 6 months, were included. Hand grip strength (HGS) was measured at baseline, Day 1, Day 4, Day 8, and Day 12. Results. The results of the present study showed no significant difference in hand grip strength between the groups. The overall interaction effect between the groups was found to be insignificant (p = 0.722). However, the overall interaction effect within the group was significant (p = 0.011*). Multiple comparisons revealed the greatest improvement in HGS at Day 12 compared to the baseline value. Conclusion. The application of anodal tDCS combined with HGS training was ineffective in improving hand grip strength in amateur badminton players. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Monitoring player mobility in wheelchair sports is crucial for helping coaches understand activity dynamics and optimize training programs. However, the lack of data from monitoring tools, combined with a lack of standardized processing approaches and ineffective data presentation, limits their usability outside of research teams. To address these issues, this study aimed to propose a simple and efficient algorithm for identifying locomotor tasks (static, forward/backward propulsion, pivot/tight/wide rotation) during wheelchair movements, utilizing kinematic data from standard wheelchair mobility tests. Methods: Each participant's wheelchair was equipped with inertial measurement units—two on the wheel axes and one on the frame. A total of 36 wheelchair tennis and badminton players completed at least one of three proposed tests: the star test, the figure-of-eight test, and the forward/backward test. Locomotor tasks were identified using a five-step procedure involving data reduction, symbolic approximation, and logical pattern searching. Results: This method successfully identified 99% of locomotor tasks for the star test, 95% for the figure-of-eight test, and 100% for the forward/backward test. Conclusion: The proposed method offers a valuable tool for the simple and clear identification and representation of locomotor tasks over extended periods. Future research should focus on applying this method to wheelchair court sports matches and daily life scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injuries, which affect the knee's anterior cruciate ligament, are mutual in sports, especially among players who participate in activities that need rapid breaks and modifications in direction. Such injuries may require considerable rehabilitation and they can have a major influence on an individual's sports performance. This analysis intends to evaluate the ACL injuries in badminton players' one-leg landing. Thirty badminton athletes were involved in this investigation. Individuals back-stepped to the backhand side while simultaneously performing a striking motion overhead, landing on the impact plate with one leg, and then rebounding to the initial phase. Gender, weight age, height, and experience were all reported. Kinematics and kinetic information regarding the position of the left knee joint and impacting instances were collected. Those data were compared and analyzed by independent t-test employing the SPSS analytical tool. This investigation found significant kinetic and kinematics variations in the ankle joints, hip, and knee of individuals while landing in a risky position regarding ACL injuries. There were no substantial variations in the median age and badminton playing experiences. We determined that there is a significant association between female players' high knee value angles during risky landing positions and the probability of ACL injuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: A range of training methodologies has been explored to enhance smash accuracy, encompassing both technical drills and physical conditioning exercises. However, an exclusive focus on either technical or physical elements often neglects the holistic demands required for executing a successful smash. The integration of a combined skipping and smash drill training approach presents a promising solution, melding physical conditioning with technical skill enhancement. Objective: This study endeavors to evaluate the effectiveness of combined skipping and smash drill training in enhancing smash accuracy among professional badminton athletes. Methodology: The research employed an experimental method with a "pretest-posttest control group design." The sample consisted of 20 participants, divided into two groups: an experimental group and a control group. Smash accuracy was measured using the James Poole accuracy test instrument. Descriptive analysis was performed to determine the mean values of all data. Statistical analysis was conducted using the paired sample t test significance level 5%. Results: The training group showed improved in the smash accuracy between baseline (pre) and week 6 (post) (mean±SD: 14.20±1.99 vs 24.70±3.49; Effect size (ES) = 3.691; p = 0.05). Conclusions: This study found that the combination of skipping and smash drill training significantly increased smash accuracy in PB Garuda badminton players.

Background: Badminton, a dynamic sport, demands players to display exceptional physical attributes such as agility, core stability, and reaction time. Backward walking training on a treadmill has garnered attention for its potential to enhance physical attributes and optimize performance in athletes while minimizing the risk of injuries. Objective: By investigating the efficacy of this novel approach, we aim to provide valuable insights to optimize training regimens and contribute to the advancement of sports science in badminton. Methodology: Sixty-four participants were randomized into a control group (n = 32) and an experimental group (n = 32). The control group received routine exercise training, while the experimental group received routine exercise training along with additional backward walking training on the treadmill. Pre- and post-intervention measurements were taken for core stability using the Plank test, balance using the Star Excursion Balance test, reaction time using the 6-point footwork test, and agility using the Illinois Agility test. Results: The results showed that the experimental group demonstrated significant improvements in core stability (p < 0.001), balance (p < 0.001), reaction time (p < 0.05), and agility (p < 0.001) compared to the control group. The backward walking training proved to be effective in enhancing these physical attributes in badminton players. Conclusion: Incorporating backward walking exercises into the training regimen of badminton players may contribute to their overall performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To construct and validate a physical fitness evaluation index system for elite male singles badminton players. Methods: Utilizing the Delphi method to establish a comprehensive evaluation system, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was employed to calculate the influence weights of various indicators. The validity of the comprehensive evaluation system was verified using testing methods. Results: After three rounds of expert selection, the physical fitness evaluation index system for elite male singles badminton players includes three primary indicators, nine secondary indicators, and twenty-one tertiary indicators. Among the primary indicators, specialized physical fitness holds a significant weight in the evaluation with a value of 0.651, whereas body morphology has a smaller weight of 0.077. Among the secondary indicators, specialized agility, strength, and endurance have higher weights of 0.223, 0.217, and 0.210, respectively. Among the tertiary indicators, four-corner ball touch, 400 m × 5 shuttle run, smash-and-rush, and vertical jump height hold higher weights of 0.119, 0.114, 0.104, and 0.096, respectively. The results after randomly selecting ten elite male singles badminton players and applying the evaluation index system demonstrated that this system has high feasibility and validity. It can not only comprehensively assess the physical fitness of athletes but also provide significant practical guidance for enhancing their competitive performance. Conclusions: The evaluation system and weight assignments constructed in this study can scientifically and comprehensively reflect the physical fitness status of athletes. It can guide coaches in formulating targeted training plans and optimizing training outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Badminton is a recreational, versatile, explosive sprint sport. The player needs core strength, agility, and dynamic balance. Resistance training used in plyometric activities helps to improve the athlete's strength and fitness. Swiss ball training, a widely embraced method of functional exercise, enhances balance, core stability, flexibility, and overall strength. Need of the study: This study fills a gap in knowledge by exploring the effects of plyometric training and Swiss ball training on core strength, agility, and dynamic balance in recreational badminton players. It seeks to enhance on-court performance and prevent injuries by determining, which method is more effective. Tailored training programs can then be developed further based on individual responses to these methods. By providing evidencebased data, the study aims to support and guide the strength and conditioning coaches, trainers, and players in making appropriate decision about training approaches, ensuring optimal results and minimising injury risks in badminton. Aim: To find out the effect of Plyometric training versus Swiss Ball training on core strength, agility, and dynamic balance in recreational badminton players. Methodology: A non-blinded, randomised controlled parallelgroup trial will be conducted for a period of one year from January 2024 to December 2024. Participants will be recruited from Wardha's District Badminton Stadium and will sign a consent form after meeting inclusion or exclusion criteria. They will be randomly divided into Group-A- Plyometric training and Group-B-Swiss ball training by the primary researcher. Outcome measures will be assessed pre and post-intervention. The analysis will be conducted using the free version of R-software. Significance in mean baseline variables will be assessed using either the t-test or Mann-Whitney test for the two assessment periods. Pairwise comparisons between the two groups for significant differences will be conducted using either the paired t-test or Wilcoxon test. The p-value will be evaluated at a 5% level of significance (p≤0.05). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Visuospatial attention (VSA) is a cognitive function that enables athletes, particularly those engaged in open-skill sports, to allocate attentional resources efficiently to the appropriate target and in the appropriate direction. Studies have indicated that expert players exhibit superior cognitive performance to that of novices. However, no study has investigated differences in VSA performance among elite, expert, and intermediate badminton players or the potential neurophysiological mechanisms underlying such differences. Accordingly, the present study explored neuropsychological and neurophysiological parameters during VSA tasks among badminton players of varying competitive levels. The study included 54 participants and divided them into three groups according to their competition records: elite (n = 18), expert (n = 18), and intermediate (n = 18). Their neuropsychological performance and brain event-related potentials (ERPs) during the Posner cueing paradigm were collected. Although the three groups did not differ in their accuracy rates, ERP N2 amplitudes, or N2 or P3 latencies, the elite and expert groups exhibited notably faster reaction times and more pronounced P3 amplitudes than did the intermediate group during the cognitive task. However, we did not observe these between-group differences when we controlled for the covariate training years. Additionally, the elite and expert groups exhibited comparable neurocognitive performance. These findings indicate that badminton players' competitive levels influence their VSA. However, the beneficial effects on neuropsychological and neurophysiological performance could stabilize after a certain level of badminton competence is reached. Year of training could also be a major factor influencing badminton players' neurocognitive performance in VSA tasks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives. The study aimed to analyse the difference in whole-body reaction (WBR) times and the expanding strength of badminton athletes at regional, national, and Olympic levels. Materials and methods. The study subjects consisted of 24 male athletes. Audio and visual whole-body reaction measurements were carried out, and each athlete’s pull and push strength was expanded to analyse the existing differences. The data was analysed using One-Way ANOVA to determine the differences between the three sample groups. Results. The results showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) in visual whole-body reaction and shoulder arm thrust force. Although, the audio whole body reaction variable and shoulder arm tensile strength did not significantly differ (p > 0.05). Conclusions. The study indicated that badminton athletes’ visual whole-body reaction speed was found to be better compared to their audio whole-body reaction speed ability. Additionally, Olympic athletes demonstrated enhanced strength conditions than regional and national-level athletes. The findings of this study are anticipated to help coaches in developing and implementing training programmes appropriate to the specific needs and conditions of athletes at the level of competition in which they are engaged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Badminton is one of the most popular sports which requires agility and strength. It is also a sport that needs a good amount of physical, physiological, technical and tactical assessment and training. Aim of Study. The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of training based on an undulating periodization routine supported by scientific assessments of physical and physiological variables of badminton players. Material and Methods. Twenty players registered themselves to take part in the study, however, a group of 10 male badminton players was eligible to participate after meeting inclusion criteria. Flexibility, handgrip strength, dynamic balance, agility, and aerobic capacity tests were performed before a commencement of a training routine, which consisted of endurance activities, mobility exercises, and strength sessions based on a previous scientific assessment. The same test parameters were also assessed after the training period. The athletes continued their badminton training for 12 weeks, which was also included in the customized training routine. A statistical analysis was performed to compare obtained data before and after the training program. Normality of the obtained data was also assessed. Results. Significant improvements in handgrip strength and agility (p < 0.05) were noted. In addition, positive trends were observed in flexibility, dynamic balance and aerobic capacity of the athletes. Conclusions. The 12-week customized training routine consisting of undulating periodization had positive effects on strength, mobility, agility and other physiological variables of the badminton players. However, better results may be achieved by continuing this training routine in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the study was to analyze the influence of left-handed athletes on the opponent (right-handed players) of elite badminton women's singles. The study selected a total of 40 women's singles matches played by elite female players: twenty matches (42 games, n = 42) were played between left-handed and right-handed players and twenty matches (44 games, n = 44) were played between two right-handed players. There were significant (p < 0.05) differences in hitting positions, techniques, routes and landing points. No significant (p > 0.05) differences were found in scores per game and frequency distribution of rally outcomes. In conclusion, the details of technical and tactical application were different in two game forms, the main impact of the left-handed player on the opponent's (right-handed player) game was a decrease in the opponent's stroke in the overhead, an increase in the number of drives, predominance of small slashes and a decrease in big slashes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose. Mastering the skill of smashing in a game can be quite challenging. Unfortunately, it's not always easy to control the distance of the smash. The present study investigated the impact of different smashing distances on muscle activation patterns and kinematics of the upper limbs. Methods. Ten collegiate athletes from a top-ranked team in Korea participated in the present study with a mean age, weight, and height of 21 ± 1 years, 71.9 ± 9.1 kg, and 1.78 ± 2.24 m, respectively. Three valid data points for each subject at three different distances were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results. The results demonstrated that with increasing smashing distance, the internal rotation angle of the elbow and wrist joints decreased, while the angular velocity of flexion and internal rotation of the shoulder, elbow, and wrist joints increased. Muscle activation increased for all muscles except the biceps brachii (BICLO) with increasing distance. The greatest changes in activation levels were observed in the anterior deltoid (DELTA), extensor carpi radialis (ECR), and flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU). Conclusions. During tasks with different smashing distances, muscle activation in the upper limbs (except the biceps) increased with increasing distances. Additionally, the internal rotation angle of the upper limbs decreased with increased distances, while the angular velocity of flexion and internal rotation of the shoulder, elbow, and wrist joints increased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose Although studies on mindfulness in sports have grown considerably, short-term interventions in this area have rarely been investigated. Accordingly, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of a short-term mindfulness intervention on performance under pressure, competitive state anxiety, and fluency in novice male badminton players. Methods: Participants were randomly assigned to two experimental groups (n=15) and sham intervention control group (n=15). Subsequently, during two sessions of 20 minutes each, the experimental group received mindfulness training according to sections one and two of the MAC protocol. The sham intervention control group received exactly the same number of sessions, with the content of the sessions including a review of the history, rules, and some analysis of badminton. After the end of the intervention period, post-tests on performance under pressure, competitive state anxiety, and fluency were administered to both groups. Results The results showed a significant reduction in competitive state anxiety, a significant improvement in fluid performance, and a significant increase in performance under pressure in the experimental group compared to the pre-test and before the intervention and compared to the control group (p.>/05). These significant changes in the experimental group were maintained after the twomonth follow-up test. Conclusion: In addition to supporting the effect of a short-term mindfulness intervention on performance under pressure and reducing competitive state anxiety in athletes, this type of intervention is also suitable for long-term effects in athletes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to examine sports injuries among amateur badminton players engaged in recreational activities, establishing a foundation for developing effective injury prevention and training programs. We assessed 504 amateur badminton players (302 males, 202 females) competing in the 2023 National Badminton Tournament in South Korea. This study focused on players involved in doubles matches, omitting singles competitors. Participants were divided into categories based on competitive and training sessions to document the location and type of injuries sustained. During competitions, the most frequently injured body parts were the waist (11.92%), ankle (11.66%), and knees and shoulders (11.53% each). In training sessions, injuries primarily affected the back and knees (12.43%) and shoulders (12.21%). The most common types of injuries during competitions were to muscles (35.60%), ligaments (29.32%), and tendons (12.04%), and during training to muscles (39.91%), ligaments (26.68%), and tendons (13.23%). Injuries resulting from player-to-player contact represented 19.44% of cases, while those involving non-player elements such as facility equipment accounted for 16.47%. There is a critical need to develop targeted injury prevention programs for amateur badminton players to mitigate injuries and enhance performance, thereby helping prevent the progression to chronic injury stages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Core strength training (CST) has been shown to improve performance in several sports disciplines. CST is recognized as one of the crucial elements that enhance athletic performance, particularly impacting badminton skills. Despite its popularity as a strength training method among badminton players, there is a lack of comprehensive studies examining the effectiveness of CST on the performance of these athletes. Objective: This study aims to ascertain CST's effects on badminton players' performance. Method: This study followed PRISMA principles and conducted comprehensive searches in well-known academic databases (SCOPUS, Pubmed, CNKI, Web of Science, Core Collection, and EBSCOhost) up to August 2023. The inclusive criteria were established using the PICOS framework. Following their inclusion based on PICOS criteria, the selected studies underwent literature review and meta-analysis. The methodological quality of the assessments was evaluated using Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tools bias risk tools and recommendations for a graded assessment, development, and evaluation. Results: The analysis included participants aged 10–19 years from 13 studies of moderate quality, totaling 208 individuals. The CST intervention s lasted between 4 to 16 weeks, with a frequency of 1 to 4 sessions per week and each session lasting 20 to 120 minutes. Sample sizes across these studies ranged from 8 to 34 participants. According to the meta-analysis, CST significantly influenced badminton performance, particularly in areas of explosive power (ES = 0.03 P = 0.04), front-court skill (ES = 2.53, P = 0.003), and back-court skill (ES = 2.33, P = 0.002). Conclusion: CST enhances badminton players' fitness (strength, power, balance, and stability), in situ (front/back-court) skills, and movement position hitting. However, its effects on speed, endurance, agility, flexibility, and coordination are unclear, revealing a research gap. The precise benefits of CST, especially on flexibility and specific hitting skills (smashes, clears, drives, net shots, crosscourt, push, and lift shots), need more investigation. Additionally, research on CST's impact on female athletes is significantly lacking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To report how many badminton players return to badminton after an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and to which level. Methods: Patients in Denmark from 2000 to 2018, registered in the Danish National Patient Register with a diagnosis of ACL rupture and badminton as a primary sport were asked about a return to sport (RTS) and return to performance (RTP) after ACL injury. RTP was defined as the return to full participation in the same sport, same level and same preinjury performance. To investigate the likelihood of RTS and return to preinjury level, a binominal logistic regression was used. Results: Badminton was the primary sport for 900 participants. Only 435 players were injured during badminton, and 626 participants intended to RTP. RTS was achieved by 396 (63%) and 117 (19%) returned to the same performance as their preinjury level. However, 273 (44%) returned to full participation at the same level as the preinjury level but did not perform as well. Males had a significantly higher RTS than females, and RTP was also higher among males [221 (68%) vs. 175 (58%), odds ratio, OR: 1.67, p = 0.003 and 74 (23%) vs. 43 (14%), OR: 1.58, p = 0.05]. Conclusion: Return to badminton was achieved by 396 (63%), but only 117 (19%) returned to the same performance as their preinjury level after ACL injury. Females are less successful in RTS and RTP. Future research on improving RTS and the RTP rates in badminton, in general, and specifically for females is needed. Level of Evidence: Level II. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the psychophysiological responses of players to mental fatigue (MF) during simulated badminton matches. Sixteen badminton athletes (age = 19.06 ± 1.29 years) participated in this study voluntarily. Before starting the measurements, the players were informed about the measurements, and anthropometric measurements were performed. Official badminton competition rules and formats were used. Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS) responses were recorded before and after the games. At the end of each set, the players' perceived exertion (RPE), visual analogue scale (VAS), and enjoyment scale values were determined. Mental fatigue increased perceived exertion and mental fatigue levels during the match, and at the same time, the enjoyment of badminton players decreased (p<0.05). Based on mood responses, an increase in negative moods, such as anger and fatigue, was observed after MF, whereas a decrease in vigour mood occurred (p<0.05). However, no mood change was observed before or after the match without MF (p>0.05). After the game was played with MF, only a decrease in the feeling of vigour was detected compared to the game without fatigue (p<0.05). The results may help coaches and sports psychologists better understand their athletes and take appropriate measures when necessary. Understanding the effect of MF on athlete performance may help athletes direct their training programs directly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current research aims to: Identifying the effectiveness of special speed exercises on some physical variables for badminton players. The researcher assumed: -There are no statistically significant differences between the pre- and post-tests in some physical variables for the experimental group badminton players. -There are no statistically significant differences between the pre- and post-tests in some physical variables for the control group badminton players. -There are no statistically significant differences between the experimental and control groups in some physical variables for badminton players in the post-test. The researcher used the experimental method due to its suitability to the type and nature of this research, using an experimental design with measurement (pre- and post-test) for the experimental and control groups. The research community included students of the second stage in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for the academic year 2022/2023, where the research sample consists of (30) players, and they were chosen intentionally, divided as follows: (12) players as an experimental sample, (12) players as a control sample, and (6) players as a control sample.) players as an exploratory sample. Homogeneity was carried out for the research sample in growth variables and parity in some physical variables. The researcher used the SPSS statistical package to analyze the data statistically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to analyze the point difference established in three different phases between winners and losers in international men's and women's badminton doubles matches. Analyzing 183 matches from the 2021 TotalEnergies World Championship, each match was divided into three phases: Phase 1 (0-7 points), Phase 2 (8-14 points), and Phase 3 (15-21 points). Maximum Point Difference (MPD) and Maximum Consecutive Points (MCP) were examined to assess player performance. Kruskal-Wallis H and Mann-Whitney U statistical tests were conducted. Significant differences between winners and losers were found in all phases, with the difference increasing significantly over phases with medium to large effect sizes. The first seven points significantly increase a player's chances of winning. 72% (men's category) and 75% (women's category) of players won, who was ahead in the point difference in the first phase of the game. In the men's category, 67.4% won who were ahead in point difference in all three phases. Whereas in the women's category, it is 70.45%. Winners in both categories had significantly (p<0.05) higher consecutive points than the losers. In the second phase, the winners averaged 5 to 6 points over the losers in both categories. The winners kept increasing their point difference in every phase. On the other hand, in losers, the point difference decreased throughout the game. These findings underscore the importance of early lead acquisition and suggest potential strategies and tactics to enhance players' winning probabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We developed a test to evaluate badminton‐specific endurance. The study included 10 female badminton players. Five participants were ranked in Japan's top 100 national rankings (ranked), whereas the others were unranked (unranked). Participants reacted quickly with badminton‐specific steps from the base center to the four sensors at each corner of a singles badminton court. On each set, they reacted eight times to randomized instructions at stage‐specific intervals (1.2, 1.0, and 0.8 s for stages 1, 2, and 3, respectively), which were performed six times with a rest of 20 s in each stage (8 movements × 6 sets × 3 stages). On a different day, participants ran on a treadmill as a comparative test. Blood lactate concentration (BLa) was measured on each test. In the badminton‐specific test, ranked participants had lower BLa (4.2 ± 1.7 mM vs. 6.3 ± 3.1 mM), with medium or large effect sizes. The average reach time to sensors was shorter in ranked participants (1.56 ± 0.03 s vs. 1.62 ± 0.07 s), with medium or large effect sizes. BLa was similar between groups, with trivial or small effect sizes in the running test. These results suggest that the newly developed test can evaluate badminton‐specific endurance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This research investigates the biomechanical impact of the split-step technique on forehand and backhand lunges in badminton, aiming to enhance players' on-court movement efficiency. Despite the importance of agile positioning in badminton, the specific contributions of the split-step to the biomechanical impact of lunging footwork still need to be determined. Methods: This study examined the lower limb kinematics and ground reaction forces of 18 male badminton players performing forehand and backhand lunges. Data were collected using the VICON motion capture system and Kistler force platforms. Variability in biomechanical characteristics was assessed using paired-sample t-tests and Statistical Parametric Mapping 1D (SPM1D). Results: The study demonstrates that the split-step technique in badminton lunges significantly affects lower limb biomechanics. During forehand lunges, the split-step increases hip abduction and rotation while decreasing knee flexion at foot contact. In backhand lunges, it increases knee rotation and decreases ankle rotation. Additionally, the split-step enhances the loading rate of the initial ground reaction force peak and narrows the time gap between the first two peaks. Conclusions: These findings underscore the split-step's potential in optimizing lunging techniques, improving performance and reducing injury risks in badminton athletes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Nigde University Journal of Physical Education & Sport Sciences / Nigde Üniversitesi Beden Egitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Journal of Physical Education & Sports Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Optical tracking sensor technology has been widely used in the field of motion. However, there are still some challenges in the recognition of badminton players, and more accurate methods are needed to capture the dynamic characteristics of badminton players. The aim of this study is to design an optical tracking sensor system based on image feature extraction for badminton player motion recognition. In this paper, a high resolution camera is used to collect the image sequence of badminton match. Then through image processing and computer vision technology, the key image features are extracted from the image sequence. Then, machine learning algorithm is used to classify and recognize the extracted features to achieve accurate recognition of badminton players' movements. The experimental results show that the optical tracking sensor system can effectively extract the movement features of badminton players and identify their movements accurately. Compared with the traditional method, the system in this paper has higher precision and real-time performance, and can meet the needs of practical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The road to the top is never easy. This study investigated whether the career trajectories of top-level men's and women's badminton players could be predicted by their age at first major debut and the time taken to reach the top 150. Data from the BWF from October 2009 to October 2022 were analyzed using a predictive linear regression model with Bayesian inference, adjusting for anthropometric factors. The results suggested that age at debut influences career high rankings among over 120 elite players. Additionally, observations challenged the Matthew effect in early-career success for young players, proposing that inherent talent may be more significant than early nurturing. The study also examined the potential impact of relative age and early specialization in sports. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Applied physics and computer methods in biomechanics have been extensively used in sports science research, including performance and biomechanics analysis. The Brachistochrone problem, which expresses the curve that an object draws quickly under gravitational forces in a vertical position, is one of the most widely used studies in classical mechanics. A similar problem arises when a badminton player intends to hit a smash with the shortest shot time. This paper aims to determine the optimal stroke trajectory for a shuttlecock smash in the shortest time. We simulate the badminton smash movement using a computer program after analyzing the shuttlecock smash analytically and numerically for several conditions. The modeling results show that a cycloid trajectory allows badminton players to smash the shuttlecock in the shortest time. Based on the experimental findings of Tsai, Huang, and Jih's study and our models, the ratio of clear speed to smash speed is 0.75, which is still in the range of 0.71 to 0.76, and we find that a cycloid trajectory gives the shortest shuttlecock smash time. We concluded that the experimental data from this study's literature supported our model. The novelty of this study is that we found the first powerful model and simulation of conventional Brachistochrone in the case of a badminton smash of badminton players. For badminton coaches and players, this model formulation is intended as a reference for optimizing shuttlecock shots. Furthermore, another novelty of this research is that it may lead to software that can be used to analyze the muscle strength of badminton players based on their cycloid hand trajectory and shuttlecock speed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Lower extremity sports injuries are associated with impaired dynamic balance function, and the modified Star Excursion Balance Test (mSEBT) is proposed as a screening tool for lower extremity injuries. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between dynamic balance function and lower limb injury experience among school-age female badminton players. Methods: Forty-two subjects were included. The mSEBT was used for dynamic balance function evaluation. Furthermore, lower limb joint range of motion, lower limb muscle strength, and foot arch height ratio were measured. Lower limb injury experience within the past year was assessed using a questionnaire. The subjects were divided into the injury and non-injury groups according to lower limb injury experience, and mSEBT and physical function results were compared. Multiple regression analysis was conducted with the mSEBT value as the dependent variable and previous lower limb injury experience as the independent variable, with the knee extension muscle strength, arch height ratio, and age as covariates. Results: Intergroup comparison showed that the injury group had significantly higher mSEBT and dorsiflexion angle values and lower arch height ratios. No significant differences were found for the other parameters. In the multiple regression analysis, mSEBT had a significant relationship with previous lower limb injury experience. Conclusions: A high mSEBT score was significantly related to previous lower limb injury experience. Further research is needed to examine this difference, including external factors such as training intensity and frequency, as well as physical function factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to address the scarcity of scientific research on badminton performance analysis, specifically the accuracy of forehand smash shots. The authors propose the use of a skeletal coordinates-based technology to analyze a badminton player's biomechanics. To achieve this, specific techniques, such as formulating a quantitative description of badminton smash biomechanics based on the available literature, collecting video footage of badminton rallies and processing them using a MediaPipe-powered Python program, were followed. Three main approaches were considered for the analysis, defining a dynamic mathematical model, creating a player-to-player comparison model, and developing a machinelearning model. Preliminary results suggest that the use of three-dimensional points in comparison to two-dimensional points provides more accuracy in detecting the angle between three skeletal points from any camera perspective. This research also proposes a novel approach to compare two players and evaluate their skills based on a set of key parameters. The study explores the integration of machine learning algorithms to classify and predict player performance accurately. All three proposed methods enable coaches and players to identify and improve upon their weaknesses, enhancing their overall performance, as these findings have the potential to reduce subjectivity in measuring shot accuracy during training and to provide players with a more objective means of evaluating their performance. The proposed methodology and results contribute to a better understanding of badminton biomechanics and have implications for future research in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides an overview of the film "Saina," a biographical sports film centered around the life of Indian badminton player Saina Nehwal. It explores Nehwal's journey and acknowledges the individuals who have played a role in her success. The film also delves into the media's impact on Nehwal's career, examining how her achievements are publicized and her commitment evaluated. It addresses broader issues such as the portrayal of women in Indian society and the challenges faced by athletes who become media sensations. The article features insights from Goutam Karmakar and Payel Pal, scholars from different academic institutions, offering a diverse and global perspective on the topics discussed. [Extracted from the article]

In the motion recognition system, the motion track of athletes can be obtained in real time and accurately by using the light motion capture technology, which provides strong support for the training and competition of athletes. The purpose of this study is to explore the application of light motion capture technology based on multi-mode sensor in badminton players' motion recognition system, so as to improve the athletes' training effect and competitive level. In this paper, multi-modal sensors combined with light motion capture technology are used to obtain real-time athletes' motion data through sensors installed on athletes, and the data is analyzed and processed by algorithms. The position of athletes is tracked by optical sensors to obtain their motion trajectory. The research results show that the light motion capture technology based on multi-modal sensors can accurately identify the movement posture and action of badminton players, real-time monitoring of athletes' movement status, and provide timely feedback and guidance. Through the application of sports recognition system, the training effect of athletes has been significantly improved, and the competitive level has been effectively improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We conducted a survey between April to September 2021 to understand the perspective of badminton players on the usage of personal protective equipment to avoid eye injuries. The survey was conducted online. It was disseminated through various social media platforms and via e-mail. The survey was initially shared with university-level badminton players. Both recreational and professional players were included. They were further encouraged to circulate the survey questionnaire among their colleagues. In total, the survey received 372 responses. After removing possible duplicates and incomplete responses (n = 28), 92.5% (n = 344) of the responses were included in the final analysis. Among the 344 included responses, recreational and professional players accounted for 77.6% (n = 267) and 22.4% (n = 77), respectively. The mean age ± SD of the recreational and professional players were 24.1 ± 6.3 years (range 14–60 years) and 25.7 ± 6.0 years (range 14–61 years), respectively. A significant difference was noted for self-reported eye injuries between recreational and professional players while playing badminton (χ2 value = 5.321, p = 0.02). Among the recreational and professional players, 93.6% (n = 250) and 88.3% (n = 68) did not use protective eyewear while playing badminton. Professional players were at higher risk of eye injuries than recreational players (OR = 2.9, 95% CI = 1.1–7.8). The majority of badminton players in both groups agreed that PPE usage would lower the risk of sustaining eye injuries; however, they are ambiguous about the usage of protective eyewear. In contrast, players with self-reported eye injuries were aware of its impacts and encouraged the usage of PPEs associated with badminton. Further studies are warranted to understand and educate badminton players about the causes and impacts of eye injuries in badminton. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The jump smash is the most aggressive manoeuvre in badminton. Racket parameters may be the key factor affecting the performance of jump smash. Previous studies have focused only on the biomechanical characteristics of athletes or on racket parameters in isolation, with less observation of the overall performance of the human-racket system. This study aims to explore the effects of different racket weights on neuromuscular control strategies in advanced and beginner players. Nonnegative matrix factorisation (NMF) was used to extract the muscle synergies of players when jumping smash using different rackets (3U, 5U), and K-means clustering was used to obtain the fundamental synergies. Uncontrolled manifold (UCM) analyses were used to establish links between synergy and motor performance, and surface electromyography (sEMG) was mapped to each spinal cord segment. The study found significant differences (P < 0.05) in the postural muscles of skilled players and significant differences (P < 0.001) in the upper-limb muscles of beginners when the racket weight was increased. Advanced players adapt to the increase in racket weight primarily by adjusting the timing of the activation of the third synergy. Combined synergy in advanced players is mainly focused on the backswing, while that in beginners is mainly focused on the frontswing. This suggests that advanced players may be more adept at utilising the postural muscles and their coordination with the upper-limb muscles to adapt to different rackets. In addition, the motor experience can help athletes adapt more quickly to heavier rackets, and this adaptation occurs primarily by adjusting the temporal phase and covariation characteristics of the synergies rather than by increasing the number of synergies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The present study aims to compare the mental rotation performance between two non-contact sports (i.e., badminton and volleyball) in different upright conditions (i.e., with and without dynamic balance). Methods: Thirty-five female sports and physical education students voluntarily participated in the experiment, including fourteen specialists in badminton and twenty-one specialists in volleyball. The experiment involved a mental body rotation task with or without balance exercises on a wobble board. Results: Badminton players outperformed volleyball players in the mental rotation tasks regardless of balance. More interestingly, the results revealed an overall decrease in reaction times when participants performed balance exercises simultaneously with mental rotation. Discussion: Our findings suggest that introducing dynamic balance on a wobble board has immediate beneficial effects on the mental rotation performance of female badminton and volleyball players. These findings are discussed in the context of sport specificities and cognitive processing framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study was conducted explicitly on the efficacy of task-oriented exercises paired with wrist flexibility training on enhancing wrist mobility and reducing wrist injuries in badminton players. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to see how a structured intervention integrating task- oriented exercises and wrist flexibility training benefited wrist mobility and injury prevention in badminton players. Materials and Methods: A randomized controlled trial design was used, with a sample of 70 intermediate- level badminton players participating. The participants were split into two groups: conventional and intervention. The intervention group participated in a four-week programme that included task-oriented workouts with badminton movements and targeted wrist flexibility training. The typical group continued with their regular training schedule, with no wrist mobility modification. Validated metrics - ROM and Quick DASH score - were used to assess wrist mobility and function. (Study period: September 2022-May 2023) Result: Preliminary research found that the intervention group had significantly better wrist mobility than the control group. They also demonstrated enhanced ROM, flexibility, and functional performance of the wrist joint, as well as a significant decrease in wrist injury occurrence. Conclusion: These data indicate that combining task-oriented exercises with wrist flexibility training in badminton players can successfully improve wrist mobility and lower the incidence of wrist injuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Mindfulness and tDCS have been shown to have psychological and physiological effects. However, the effects of using both simultaneously have not yet been fully determined. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a tDCS-mindfulness program on selective attention in skilled badminton players. Methods and Materials: Thirty-six healthy skilled male badminton players were selected based on the study criteria and divided into three groups: A-tDCS-mindfulness, sham-tDCS-mindfulness, and control (N=12). The research variables were measured using pre- and post-tests. The Shapiro-Wilk test indicated that the data were normal; therefore, the t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to test the research hypotheses. Results: The results showed that A significant difference was observed between the pre- and post-test scores for self-control and emotion regulation in both the A-tDCS and sham-tDCS mindfulness groups. In the between-groups comparison effect, it was also found that there was a significant difference in self-control and emotion regulation, and post-hoc analysis showed that the A-tDCS-mindfulness, sham-tDCS-mindfulness, and control groups had the best SC and ER, respectively. Conclusions: This study supports the effectiveness of tDCS-mindfulness on self-control and emotion regulation in badminton players. The results also indicate that the simultaneous use of tDCS and mindfulness was more effective than mindfulness alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research was conducted to examine the influence of event sponsorship on brand awareness. Addressing this theme in a journal is of significant value in terms of contributing to industry understanding, knowledge development, and practical applications in brand marketing strategies like Kapal Api. The study employed a qualitative approach by reviewing previous research and relating it to a case study of Kapal Api. Based on the case study of Kapal Api, Indonesian badminton athletes play the role of celebrity endorsers for the Kapal Api brand. The compatibility of a celebrity endorser with a product refers to the alignment of the celebrity's image, values, and behaviors with the desired impression of the advertised brand. The findings of the research indicate that the sponsorship strategy implemented by Kapal Api successfully increased consumer brand awareness, particularly among badminton enthusiasts. The study also demonstrates that the inclusion of celebrity endorsers, specifically badminton athletes, further enhances the success of Kapal Api's event sponsorship strategy. The study highlights the potential effectiveness of sponsorship events and celebrity endorsements in increasing consumer awareness of Kapal Api products. This suggests that implementing these strategies could lead to heightened recognition and visibility for the brand among consumers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Core strength training with functional training is gaining recognition and respect in the competitive sports training community in our country. In the past, strength training was focused on specific exercises, but now basic strength training is becoming increasingly popular as a training sport. In racket sports, the capability to swiftly and efficiently vary body direction and location while maintaining stability and postural orientation is key. It requires a harmonious execution of skills and strategies, involving dynamic and agile balancing. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of core strengthening and functional training on anaerobic power and muscular strength in racquet players. Study design: Pre- and post-control group designs with pre-and post-test assessments were employed in this investigation. The methodology involved 40 subjects, both male and female, aged 18 to 25 years old, who had been training for at least 1-2 years and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Each participant provided me with general assessment information, such as age, height, weight, practice hours, and medical background. After that, the patients were divided into two groups of equal size. group A for training and group B for control. We evaluated the results before and after the 6-week program, which had three sessions per week. Measures of success include the Star Excursion Power Test (a vertical leap test), the McCill Test for core muscle endurance, the Illinois Agility Test (IAT), the 10- and 20-meter sprint test (a speed test), the hand grip test (a hand dynameter), and the flexibility test (a sit-and-reach test). Results: The data was reported as mean SD for Group A (the training group) and Group B (the control group). At a significance level of 0.05%, statistical analysis was done using paired and unpaired t-tests to evaluate the statistical differences between the parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Journal of Racket Sports Science is the property of International Journal of Racket Sports Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of International Journal of Racket Sports Science is the property of International Journal of Racket Sports Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)