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Resumo: Distribuídas principalmente nas áreas de clima Tropical e Subtropical Temperado, abelhas-sem-ferrão (tribo Meliponini) se destacam por sua grande diversidade, com variados padrões de morfologia e comportamento. Além de sua importância econômica, são cruciais para a polinização de vegetação selvagem e cultivada. Porém, suas populações estão reduzindo devido à degradação ambiental. Portanto, uma revisão sistemática da literatura foi realizada, por meio de uma busca no banco de dados da Web of Science por estudos voltados à abelhas-sem-ferrão, nos principais países da região Pantropical. Foram avaliadas todas as publicações, porém, com maior ênfase aos estudos voltados à aplicação de marcadores moleculares. Somente 11,25% do que foi produzido para Apis mellifera foi gerado de publicações com abelhas-sem-ferrão, sendo que os países que mais se destacaram foram o Brasil, Austrália e México. Os marcadores moleculares mais abordados foram os microssatélites de DNA (SSRs) e os marcadores mitocondriais (ex.: 16S rRNA, COI e Cyt-b). Apenas dezessete conjuntos de marcadores específicos foram desenvolvidos e somente dois mitogenomas foram sequenciados até o momento. Adicionalmente, foram selecionados 18 marcadores microssatélites heteroespecíficos que tiveram sucesso em várias espécies e que podem ser úteis para outros estudos genéticos. Pela importância ecológica e econômica, pesquisadores da região Neotropical têm tido maior interesse nas pesquisas com abelhas-sem-ferrão, com destaque para a utilização de marcadores moleculares específicos e heteroespecíficos que têm se mostrado essenciais na tomada de decisão quanto à conservação e manejo dos meliponineos. [Research on stingless bees (Hymenoptera: Meliponini) and applicability of molecular markers: A systematic review of the literature]. Abstract. The stingless bees (Meliponini tribe) are distributed in the areas of tropical and subtropical temperate climate, and stand out among bees for their great diversity with varied patterns of morphology and behavior. In addition to their economic importance, as well as economic importante, these bees are crucial in pollination of wild vegetation and cultivated crops. However, their population size is decreasing due to environmental degradation. Therefore, a literature review was conducted, in the Web of Science database focusing on stingless bees, in the main countries of the Pantropical region. We assessed publications on stingless bees, in a broad sense, and more specifically those referring to the application of molecular markers on these species. Only 11.25% of what was produced for Apis mellifera was generated from publications with stingless bees, being Brazil, Australia and Mexico the most prominent countries. The most widely used molecular markers were microsatellite loci and mitochondrial markers (e.g. 16S rRNA, COI and Cyt-b). Only 17 sets of specific markers were developed and two mitogenomas were sequenced. Moreover, 18 heterospecific microsatellite markers have been successful in several species, and therefore, may also be useful for other genetic studies. Due to their ecological and economic importance, researchers in the Neotropical region have been more interested in genetic studies with stingless bees, especially by using specific and heterospecific molecular markers. These tools have also proved to be essential in decision-making for the conservation and management of Meliponini bees. Made available in DSpace on 2019-12-17T18:12:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PesquisasAbelhaSemFerraoMarcadoresMolecularesFabiaMello.pdf: 868795 bytes, checksum: 10e56302da8ee32b3a93fee1fd9a68ba (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019

Beekeeping is affected by adverse climatic conditions and availability of floral resources. This study aimed to survey and characterize the flora in São João do Piauí, a semi-arid region in Piauí, Brazil, and to identify species providing resources to bees. Flowering plants were observed for 18 months, and records were taken of flowering date, growth habit, visitation and resources collected by bees. Melissopalinological analysis of honey produced in the area was performed. A total of 67 flowering plant species were recorded, of which 49 were considered as bee plants, with a predominance of herbs and shrubs. The low rainfall reduces the number of flowering species, which makes important the conservation and multiplication of species which bloom in dry season, such as Ipomoea glabra, Myracrodruon urundeuva, Sida cordifolia and Ziziphus joazeiro, as well as species that contribute to honey production such as Mimosa tenuiflora, Mesosphaerum suaveolens and Croton sonderianus. Made available in DSpace on 2020-11-25T09:03:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 BeeFloraUseResourcesFA2020.pdf: 381264 bytes, checksum: fc0bc85dbb3bccff515ddf0f37459806 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020

The species Melipona rufiventris Lepeletier, 1836 is a Brazilian native stingless bee that is part of a species complex known as the &lsquo, rufiventris group&rsquo, making it difficult to distinguish between the different species. Populations in this group are facing a severe decline, leading to the risk of local extinction, and therefore, their conservation should be treated as a major concern. This study describes the first set of tri- and tetranucleotide microsatellite markers, using next-generation sequencing technology for use in the identification of genetic diversity and population structure in the &lsquo, A total of 16 microsatellite loci displayed polymorphism. Analysis of the whole data set (n = 50) detected 63 alleles in all loci, ranging from 2 to 7 with a mean of 3.9 alleles/locus. A genetic diversity analysis revealed high values for population differentiation estimates (FST = 0.252, RST = 0.317, and DEST = 0.284) between the Atlantic Forest, Cerrado, and Caatinga biomes. An additional evidence for genetic divergence among populations was also found in the &rsquo, these should be treated as separate conservation units or even as separate species. These microsatellite markers have demonstrated a strong potential for assessing population discrimination in this threatened stingless bee group.

The physicochemical characteristics of honey vary according to bee species, climate, region, period of collection, processing and storage. In this context, this work aimed to perform a comparative study of the physicochemical characteristics of Melipona subnitida and M. fasciculata honey collected at different periods and regions of the State of Piauí, Brazil. Twenty-nine honey samples were collected and evaluated by principal component analysis from physicochemical analysis data. Twenty-two percent of the parameters analyzed differed between species. Evaluating the collection period, the honey of M. subnitida and M. fasciculata presented differences among themselves. The study revealed a similarity between the physicochemical parameters of the honey of the two species of bees, in addition, the time was one of the determining factors in the formation of clusters. Made available in DSpace on 2020-10-21T09:13:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CharacterizationHoneyStinglessBeesFoodChemistry327.2020.pdf: 266107 bytes, checksum: 81756a9df4d1b66a427e3d89160cb901 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020

Uma alternativa para a conservação de abelhas-sem-ferrão é o desenvolvimento da meliponicultura como atividade econômica de forma racional e não apenas exploratória. No entanto, é necessário que se realize mais estudos sobre a biologia desses insetos para subsidiar programas de manejo e preservação das colônias. Este estudo teve como objetivo descrever hábitos de nidificação e estrutura de ninhos de Melipona (Melikerria) fasciculata Smith, 1854 do Cerrado do Piauí. Foi medido o diâmetro, o comprimento da cavidade e a espessura da madeira das espécies de plantas utilizadas para a construção dos ninhos. Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-18T00:37:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 8Contribuioaoconhecimentodabionomiadeabelhatiba4.pdf: 393192 bytes, checksum: 1c90ab6bcfc5ebfdfb85045cf3533938 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019

Melipona subnitida (Hymenoptera: Apidae) is a stingless bee native to Caatinga biome in Brazil, well adapted to hot and dry climate of that region and has been traditionally explored for honey production. Here, we evaluate the genetic structure of 173 colonies of M. subnitida in northeast Brazil by partially sequenced mitochondrial genes cytochrome oxidase I (COI) to compare an introduced population isolated for 30 yr into the Island of Fernando de Noronha (IFN) with the continental populations. We identified high haplotype diversity (0.8220) with 14 haplotypes on the continental populations, being three new ones, compared with the database GenBank. The haplotype H4 was present at the center of network, occurring in four localities on mainland and fixed as a single haplotype on IFN. We propose that the island populations originally introduced carried one haplotype (H4), even though IFN population is suffering pressure by island effect through changes on morphology. Studies on island populations could be a model to understand the dynamics of isolated populations and sustainable management of this biome to preserve M. subnitida. Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-21T00:45:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcia2018.pdf: 451546 bytes, checksum: 1a68fbcd5c566c0028d2a63d2c531fea (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-09-20

Brazilian native meliponines are currently threatened by increased human impacts. The assessment of their genetic variation by microsatellite DNA markers can assist in the conservation of populations and help in the planning and establishment of effi cient management strategies. The purpose of this study was to develop the fi rst set of microsatellite markers for Melipona fasciculata, selected from partial genome assembly of Illumina paired-end reads. Primer pairs were designed for each detected locus at their fl anking regions. Bee samples were genotyped from two different populations of Northeastern Brazil for marker characterization and validation... Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-05T00:00:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Genomewidediscoveryandcharacterizationofmicrosatellitemarkers.pdf: 513373 bytes, checksum: 6e2d1114610343a6b47e57202508b2e4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-12-04

A abelha sem ferrão Melipona subnitida atualmente está presente em quase toda a região nordeste, em função da boa adaptabilidade ao semiárido nordestino e do potencial econômico-ecológico proporcionado pela produção de mel e pela polinização de cultivos em condições de confinamento. Apesar disso, é uma espécie ameaçada devido a processos de degradação ambiental, dentre os quais estão o desmatamento, o uso indiscriminado de agrotóxicos e o extrativismo. Tais interferências tendem a isolar as populações de Jandaíra, provocando uma queda na variabilidade genética e, consequentemente, uma redução na capacidade adaptativa da espécie. Porém, técnicas de biologia molecular estão sendo implementadas, possibilitando que populações desse tipo sejam avaliadas quanto ao seu grau de variabilidade genética. Marcadores moleculares do tipo microssatélites de DNA vêm sendo bastante usados, porém, em função do alto custo exigido para seu desenvolvimento, diversos estudos vêm empregando microssatélites transferidos de táxons próximos com amplo sucesso em estudos voltados à caracterização e à diversidade genética. Dessa forma, a presente revisão objetivou avaliar os mais relevantes aspectos bioecológicos e genético-comportamentais envolvidos na conservação da abelha Jandaíra, a fim de auxiliar na avaliação do grau de diversidade genética da espécie, bem como da sua distribuição entre indivíduos e populações da abelha sem ferrão M. subnitida.

For a snapshot assessment of the genetic diversity present within Melipona subnitida, an endemic stingless bee distributed in the semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil, populations separated by over 1,000 km distance were analyzed by ISSR genotyping. This is a prerequisite for the establishment of efficient management and conservation practices. From 21 ISSR primers tested, only nine revealed consistent and polymorphic bands (loci). PCR reactions resulted in 165 loci, of which 92 were polymorphic (57.5%). Both ΦST (ARLEQUIN) and θB (HICKORY) presented high values of similar magnitude (0.34, p

We located ten nests of Geotrigona subterranea in the transition area between Cerrado and Caatinga within the municipalities of Lontra and Januária, state of Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil. We collected the nests to study their architecture in detail. In the present paper, we describe the general nest structure of this bee species in terms of: number, shape and area of the combs; size of the brood cells; size of honey and pollen pots; volume of honey and mass of pollen stored in closed pots; presence of inquiline species; and defensive characteristics. All nests were found in subterranean cavities. The nest structure of G. subterranea is similar to that of other congeneric species.

A região semiárida do Nordeste brasileiro tem se destacado como uma das mais promissoras para a produção de mel de abelhas. No entanto, o estudo sobre aspectos da origem botânica desse mel ainda é muito restrito, principalmente, sobre aquele utilizado pelas abelhas nativas. Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho analisar os tipos polínicos presentes nos méis de abelhas sem ferrão oriundos de municípios do semiárido da Bahia. Dezessete amostras de méis foram coletadas no período de agosto de 2007 a junho de 2008, provenientes dos municípios de Andaraí, Itaberaba, Manoel Vitorino, Santa Teresinha e São Gabriel. O material foi submetido à análise quantitativa e qualitativa por meio da contagem de 500 grãos de pólen, os quais foram identificados e agrupados por espécie ou tipo polínico de acordo com a literatura especializada. Foram identificados 43 tipos polínicos, pertencentes a 18 famílias. A família Mimosaceae apresentou 32,30% dos polens, com as espécies Mimosa bimucronata M. arenosa M. acutistipula.