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Background. In swimming championships, strategy setting is considered to be the main factor, especially in the middle and long-distance events. Implementing a strategic change can indirectly affect the final results. Objectives. The study aimed to find out whether there were any significant differences in reaction time (RT), final time (FT), and strategy for each split time (ST) in the men’s and women’s 400 meters freestyle events at the Olympic Games held in Tokyo (2021), Rio de Janeiro (2016), and London (2012). Materials and methods. This study used quantitative methods with a sample size of 48 athletes. The data source included using the secondary data. Descriptive statistics are presented in the form of means and standard deviations. The Shapiro–Wilk test was used to test the normality of the data. To compare RT, FT, and ST data, the one-way ANOVA test was conducted. The linear regression test was used to determine the effect of RT on the first ST. Results. The findings of this study indicate that there were differences in the RT of male athletes during the 3 Olympics. The study also revealed variations in average speed. In general, swimmers accelerated their speed at ST1 and ST8. This occurred at the Tokyo 2021 and Rio de Janeiro 2016 Olympics, while at the London 2012 Olympics, swimmers accelerated their speed only at ST1. Additionally, the results demonstrated that RT had an influence of 0.381 (14 %) on the first ST in male athletes, whereas the influence in female athletes was less marked — 0.066 (4 %). Conclusions. This study concludes that ST1 and ST8 are the most crucial components in the 400 meters freestyle swimming for both male and female athletes. Coaches and athletes must be very careful in carrying out special training at the tapering stage so that athletes can achieve the right time to produce the best performance.

Objectives. This study aimed to examine the physiological response to speed endurance soccer training (SEST), which involved the measurement of heart rate (HR), blood lactate (LAC), and blood pressure (BP) are measured during the four-week intervention period. Materials and methods. The one-group pretest-posttest pre-experimental design was used in this study. The study comprised 15 male amateur soccer players with an average age of 16.13 ± 0.52 years. The participants’ mean height was 167.4 ± 4.63 cm, weight was 57.69 ± 12.11 kg, and BMI was 20.44 ± 3.45 kg/m². The data findings are presented using the mean and standard deviation. The paired t-test was employed to assess the impact of each group. The threshold for statistical significance was set at a p-value of less than 0.05. The effect size (ES) was calculated using Cohen’s ES as a metric to quantify the magnitude of the difference between the pretest and posttest stages. Results. The HR results monitoring during the intervention period were in the high-intensity zone, with an average of 91.67 ± 0.6 % and a HR of 187.67 ± 1.24 bpm. No significant change was observed in the heart rate response from baseline to end of intervention. The LAC results showed that the lactate level was in the high category, namely an average of 11.03 ± 1.3 mmol∙L-1. BP indicated a significant difference between pretest and posttest (p ≤ 0.05). The systolic blood pressure (SBP) demonstrated an increase of Δ % = 0.95, while the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) showed an increase of Δ % = 1.39. Conclusions. The findings of this study indicate that SEST has a notable effect on the body’s physiological functions, namely on the cardiovascular system, anaerobic metabolism, and blood pressure. This effect was observed over a period of four weeks in amateur soccer players.

Objectives. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Ice Compression For Fitness (ICEFIT) on reducing heart rate, Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels, and fatigue index in soccer athletes after performing speed endurance training. Materials and methods. A total of 34 male students from the Football Coaching Department at the State University of Surabaya (Indonesia), aged 18-20 years, with a normal BMI, at least 10 years of football training experience, and no injuries in the past 6 months, were selected as research subjects and were given ICEFIT treatment for 4 weeks. Data collection was conducted by measuring heart rate, IL-6 levels, and fatigue index at both the pre- and post-intervention stages. Data analysis techniques included using the parametric paired sample t-test and independent sample t-test, with a significance level of 5 %. Results. The results showed that ICEFIT significantly reduced heart rate, IL-6 levels, and fatigue index in soccer athletes after speed endurance training (p ≤ 0.05). Furthermore, marked reductions in heart rate, IL-6 levels and fatigue index were observed between the groups (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusions. These findings demonstrate that ICEFIT is effective in reducing heart rate, IL-6 levels, and fatigue index in soccer athletes after speed endurance training.

Introduction: This research investigates the impact of Large Sided Games training using a High-Intensity Interval Training. Objective: to determine the effectiveness of LSG training with the HIIT protocol in improving the anaerobic capacity of student futsal players. Methodology: This research has used experimental design. The study sample consisted of 32 student futsal players with the following characteristics: height of 168.59 ± 5.85 cm, weight of 57.31 ± 4.14 kg, BMI of 20.19 ± 1.45, and average age of 16.50 ± 0.51 years. Cohen's effect size was utilized to assess group differences, and paired sample T-tests and independent T-tests with a significance level of

Objectives. The Anaerobic Soccer Training (AnST) model was designed to increase variation in soccer training programs by implementing a game-based approach to matching characteristics. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the training model in improving soccer players’ anaerobic abilities. Materials and methods. The research method used was the ADDIE model consisting of five integrated phases: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. Eighty-two soccer players from the UNESA male student activity unit were involved in this study, with 20 samples taken using random sampling techniques. Sample characteristics included the following data: age 20.05 ± 0.69 years, height 165.85 ± 5.00 cm, weight 62.08 ± 6.82 kg, and BMI 22.54 ± 1.98. The intervention was carried out over a four-week period, with a frequency of three times a week. The Aiken’s V test was used to analyze the assessment data from three expert judgments, followed by percentage analysis for content validity. The normality test was conducted using the Shapiro-Wilk test, while the mean difference was analyzed using the paired sample t-test. Results. The results showed that in variables for peak power (.001), mean power (.000), fatigue index (.013), Lactate Week (LW) 1-2 (.020) and LW1-3 (.038), notable differences with significance values ​​below 0.05 were observed. In contrast, LW1-4 (.631) did not demonstrate significant differences. Overall, the development of the AnST model successfully improved the anaerobic ability of players, as evidenced by an increase in peak power, mean power, and a decrease in the fatigue index. Conclusions. These findings indicate that this training model is effective in enhancing the anaerobic performance in soccer players.

The study’s purpose. This study aims to analyze the effect of the recovery method using cold water immersion (CWI) with different temperatures and administration times. Material and Methods. Thirty-two student-athletes participated in this study. They were divided into four groups, carried out acute physical training with an intensity of 95%, and were given recovery treatments such as CWI during and after physical exercise CWI with temperature 150 Celsius (CWI DP 15), CWI with temperature 150 Celsius after practice physical (CWI P 15), CWI with temperature 100 Celsius after practice physical (CWI P 10), and the Static Rest (SR) group. Analysis descriptive, paired samples t-test, and two-way ANOVA direction used in data analysis. This is that all data were normally distributed (p ≥ 0.05) and homogeneous (p ≤ 0.05). The results of the heart rate analysis found that no There is a significant difference​ between group CWI DP, CWI P 15, and CWI P 10 with the current control group Exercise phase. Meanwhile lactate, there is a difference in concentration of lactate in the CWI DP 15 group against a control group in phase Immediately Post-exercise with a p-value of 0.021; the 10min post-exercise phase is difference significant concentration lactate groups CWI DP15, CWI P15, and CWI P 10 against control group with p- value 0.001, in the 120min post-exercise phase there is difference lactate group CWI P 15 against control group with The p-value is 0.001, in the 24 hours post-exercise phase there is difference concentration lactate CWI DP 15 group against control with p-value 0.0024. Cold Water Immersion (CWI) has been shown to significantly accelerate heart rate recovery (HRR), reduce blood lactate levels, and improve athlete performance, indicating that it may be beneficial in recovery protocols. Keywords: Recovery Strategy, Cold Water Immersion, Lactate

Objectives. This study aimed to analyze the effect of a four-week moderate-intensity exercise regimen on increasing growth hormone (GH) levels in individuals with obesity. Materials and methods. A total of 25 female individuals aged 20-25 years, with a body mass index (BMI) of 27.50-37.00 kg/m², were involved in the study and randomly divided into two groups, namely the control group (CON; n = 12) and the moderate-intensity exercise group (MIE; n = 13). The moderate-intensity exercise regimen (treadmill exercise for 30 minutes at 60-70% of HRmax, and resistance exercise for 30 minutes at 60-70% of 1RM) was conducted 3 times per week for a period of 4 weeks. Blood samples from participants were collected pre- and post-exercise sessions, and GH levels were analyzed using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay method. Data analysis techniques used the paired sample t-test with a significance level of 5 %. Results. The paired sample t-test results of GH levels between the pre-exercise and post-exercise sessions in the CON group showed a change from (1291.79 ± 383.76 to 1151.53 ± 484.80 pg/mL; p = 0.694), while the MIE group demonstrated the following dynamics of change — from (1161.79 ± 133.72 to 2103.83 ± 357.09 pg/mL; p = 0.006). Conclusions. The main findings of this study revealed that after implementing a four-week moderate-intensity exercise intervention, a significant increase in GH levels was observed in obese females.

Background. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of the menstrual cycle, its associated health concerns, and the subsequent effects on athlete performance could facilitate the formulation of educated and tailored strategies for training and participating in competitive sports. In turn, this can decrease the probability of injuries, maintain psychological well-being, and ultimately enhance athlete performance. Objectives. The study aimed to investigate the perspective of collegiate student-athletes related to health issues and sports performance during their menstrual period, both in terms of training and competition, as well as the athletes’ willingness to discuss pertaining their menstrual cycle. Materials and methods. Our study included 115 female student-athletes participating in land-based individual/team sports (n = 95) and a combination of land/water-based sports (n = 20). A questionnaire was used to collect data for this cross-sectional study, which was undertaken and completed by the participants. A descriptive analysis was performed, with results reported in frequency and percentage, followed by the Wilcoxon rank-sum test (Mann-Whitney) to analyze the mean differences between the training participation groups during menstruation. Results. In general, all athletes experienced several health issues, with abdominal pain and lower back pain being the most prevalent. Furthermore, nearly all of them (95.33%) experienced pain on the first day of their periods. Menstruation also influences the performance of female athletes during exercise (70.43%) and competition (73.91%), causing increased fatigue and reduced endurance in the majority of them. Additionally, there is a significant difference between the context of training engagement and the number of weekly exercise sessions (0.011) during the menstrual cycle. Conclusions. Menstruation significantly affects the health and performance of female athletes, both during training and competition. Coaches and athletes must comprehend the menstrual cycle to address this issue effectively. It is crucial that coaches and athletes possess a comprehensive understanding of the menstrual cycle in order to effectively address this issue. Moreover, involving medical professionals and sports nutritionists in managing menstrual cycles is also another strategy for enhancing athlete performance.

Objectives. This research aimed to analyze the effect of Rhodiola rosea on the Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NF-kB) and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) levels after high-intensity training. Materials and methods. The research was conducted using an experiment method with a pre-test and post-test group design. It involved 20 healthy males as participants. They were 19 years old on mean and currently enrolled as university students. The participants were purposively selected and divided into two groups. One group was administered a placebo (Age = 19.60 ± 0.69), while the other was assigned to a medication group that received Rhodiola rosea with a 500 mg dosage (Age = 19.30 ± 0.82). The study began by collecting data from the research subjects on the first day. After that, the participants were asked to warm up before doing high-intensity physical training composed of exercises such as walking lunges, good-mornings (also known as weight training exercises), and leg extensions. The training was performed for 4 sets, with a recovery period of 1 minute between the sets. The training intensity was monitored using a Polar H9 Heart Rate Sensor. On the second day (24 hours after the training session), blood samples were collected from all subjects. The data were treated as pre-test data in order to calculate the NF-kB and TNF-α levels. Subsequently, the participants were given a placebo and Rhodiola rosea intervention based on the predetermined groups. On the third day (48 hours after the training session), the subjects’ blood samples were collected again. This time, blood collection was done following the training as post-test data. The next procedure included the blood sample analyzing in the laboratory using the ELISA method. Furthermore, SPSS software was used for the statistical analysis of this research. Results. The findings of the study showed that there was no significant difference in serum NF-kB levels in the placebo group and there was a notable reduction in serum NF-kB levels in the Rhodiola rosea group. Additionally, a substantial decrease in serum TNF-α levels was observed in both groups. Conclusions. To sum it up, giving Rhodiola rosea a 500 mg/day dosage potentially decreases the NF-kB level. Meanwhile, for the TNF-a, both groups reported a decrease of the serum level. Consequently, further research is recommended to investigate the effect of Rhodiola rosea on other inflammatory markers, including Interleukin-10 (IL-10) and Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), as well as muscle damage biomarkers, such as creatine kinase.v

This study investigated the effects of a four-week combined exercise program on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in obese women. Obesity has been associated with reduced BDNF levels, which can negatively impact cognitive function. Although previous research has shown that obesity affects BDNF levels in both men and women, this study focused on female participants to examine gender-specific responses. Twenty obese females (mean age: 21.85±1.43 years, body mass index [BMI]: 31.61±2.87 kg/m²) participated in the program, which involved moderate-intensity exercises performed three times per week. Blood samples were collected before and after the intervention to measure brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kits. Paired sample t-tests were conducted with a significance level of 5%. Results indicated that BDNF levels in the control group (COG) increased from 614.49±34.86 to 626.74±34.13 pg/mL (p=0.399), while the treatment group (TRG) showed a significant increase from 619.14±69.96 to 716.41±21.92 pg/mL (p=0.001). These findings suggest that a four-week combined exercise program effectively increases BDNF levels and may be a physical therapy option for improving cognitive function in obese individuals. Keywords: BDNF, Cognitive function, combined exercise, obesity, women

The link between serum irisin levels and body fat markers has long been questioned in adult populations. However, there is scant research specifically addressing this link in obese female individuals. This study will thoroughly evaluate the relationship between serum irisin levels and adiposity indices in an obese female population. The study involved a group of 40 women, aged between 20 and 24 years, who were experiencing obesity. The correlations of serum irisin with adiposity markers measurements were determined. The statistical evaluation was conducted using a parametric linear correlation approach. Serum irisin levels, quantified in ng/mL, positively correlated with several adiposity indicators. Notably, there was a meaningful relationship with body weight in kilograms (r = 0.385, p = 0.014), body mass index (BMI) (r = 0.588, p ≤ 0.001), body fat percentage (r = 0.450, p = 0.004), total fat mass in kilograms (r = 0.342, p = 0.031), and lean body mass in kilograms (r = 0.344, p = 0.029). Furthermore, waist circumference in centimeters (r = 0.329, p = 0.038), hip circumference in centimeters (r = 0.321, p = 0.043), and the waist-to-hip ratio (r = 0.447, p = 0.004) also demonstrated positive correlations with irisin concentrations. Conversely, body height in meters showed no significant correlation (r = -0.003, p ≥ 0.05). Serum irisin’s relationship with adiposity markers is evident, yet it does not extend to body height. Interrelationships among adiposity markers might influence serum irisin in obese women after single-session exercise. Keywords: Serum irisin, adiposity markers, female, obesity.

Objectives. Futsal is a team sport that requires anaerobic support tactics and playing techniques, some of which include attack versus defend and high-intensity interval training (HIIT). The aim of this study was to determine the effect of training small-sided games with high-intensity interval training on the anaerobic endurance of futsal players. Materials and methods. In this study, a one-group pretest-posttest design was used. The study population consisted of 25 players. 16 players were selected with an average age of 15.9 ± 0.5 years, a height of 158.1 ± 5.79 cm, a body mass of 58.9 ± 9.79 kg, and an IMT of 19.9 ± 2.41. The research data were analyzed using the paired sample t-test. Results. Based on the results of the paired sample t-test, it was found that the sig (2-tailed) values were 0.002

The objective of this research is to establish the impact of endurance training of moderate intensity and resistance exercises on the mitigation of oxidative stress in students with obesity. The research engaged a cohort of 30 female students, characterized by obesity, with an age average of 22.30±1.92 years and a Body Mass Index (BMI) averaging 31.77±2.72 kg/m2. These participants were randomly allocated into three distinct groups: the control group (CN, n=10), the group undergoing endurance training (ET, n=10), and the group subjected to strength training (ST, n=10). The intervention involving endurance training was executed at an intensity level of 60-70% HRmax, with each training session lasting between 40 to 60 minutes. Whereas, the strength training regimen was implemented with a load intensity of 60-70% 1RM, 4-6 sets, and 12-15 repetitions for each set. The intervention was administered with a regularity of three times per week for four weeks. Data collection was carried out by taking blood samples before and 24 hours after the last intervention—analysis of MDA levels utilizing the TBARs technique served as an indicator of oxidative stress. The technique employed for data analysis was the ANOVA test, then continued with the LSD post hoc test with a significant level (p≤0.05). The results showed that the average pre-MDA levels in CN, ET, and ST were (31.07±5.97, 32.12±8.91, and 31.36±8.52 ng/mL) respectively p=0.953. The mean post-MDA levels in CN, ET, and ST were (32.14±11.46, 15.21±8.01, and 22.02±7.33 ng/mL) respectively p=0.001. The mean delta MDA levels in CN, ET, and ST were (1.08±14.83, -16.91±9.68, and -9.34±7.51 ng/mL) respectively p=0.005. The average changes in MDA levels in CN, ET, and ST were (9.09±48.42, -51.71±24.77, and - 27.85±25.31 %) respectively p=0.002. Our findings revealed that both the endurance and strength training interventions resulted in a reduction of oxidative stress, as evidenced by the observed decrease in MDA levels following the training sessions. However, endurance training intervention has a higher effect on suppressing the secretion of oxidative stress than strength training in obese students. Keywords: Endurance training, MDA levels, obesity, oxidative stress, strength training

This study aims to optimize recovery after acute exercise using a high-intensity interval method involving the strategy of providing massage to athletes. Exercise heart rate (HR Ex), heart recovery rate (HRR), and blood lactate levels are used as parameters of physiological fatigue due to physical exercise. 24 samples participated in this research; they were divided into 3 groups, namely the during and post-massage group (DPM), the post-massage group (PM), and the control group, namely passive recovery (PR). Each group consists of 8 samples; all samples will carry out high-intensity acute exercise using the Tabata method for 4 sessions. 1 training session is carried out for 4 minutes, and the rest for each session is 4 minutes. Descriptive analysis, paired sample t-tests, and two-way ANOVA were used in data analysis. The results of this study were that all data on fatigue indicators were normally distributed (p ≥ 0.05) and homogeneous (p ≤ 0.05), and there were differences in lactate concentrations at each time taking the lactate levels in each group (p ≤ 0.05). The average blood lactate levels of the three groups were stated to be significantly different after the training program ended for the DPM group (10.30±1.78 mmol/L), PM (12.9±2.05 mmol/L), and PR (13.62±2.87 mmol/L). This research concluded that giving massage has a better effect than passive recovery on recovery in terms of both heart rate and lactate levels. A recovery strategy using massage is the best strategy for managing blood lactate levels, although trainers must understand that giving a massage during training breaks and after the training program ends gives a different response to lactate levels after training ends. Keywords: Recovery strategy, massage method, blood lactate, heart rate recovery

This study aims to determine the perception of coaches in the entry of digitalization of sports and the effect of gender, age, region, educational background, and training experience on the perception of the entry of digitalization of sports. This research is a quantitative research with a cross-sectional survey method. The data collection instrument uses a questionnaire that has been tested for validity and reliability using the corrected item-total correlation test and the Cronbach'Alpha test. Percentage analysis was used to determine the coach's perception, while ordinal regression was used to determine the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable. The study results found that 39.9% of coaches agreed, and 39.4% strongly agreed with digital technology in sports. Two independent variable indicators influence coaches' perception of the inclusion of digitalization in the world of sports: the level of education and training experience. This study concludes that it is essential to develop the digitalization of training programs; this is related to the convenience of coaches and athletes in monitoring the development of student-athlete training programs. Keywords: digital, training program, coach's perception.

Study purpose. Running speed is an ability soccer players need to build attack and defence. There needs to be more research in football that applies sleds using specific loads to improve the running ability of college student soccer players. This study aims to analyze the effect of sled training with a load of 10 kilograms on the running speed of college student soccer players. Materials and methods. This study uses a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design research type, with the research design used being a one-group pretest-posttest design. The sample used in this research was 14 students taken from a population of 95 individuals using random sampling techniques. The study sample used had characteristics of age 18 ± 0.75 years, height 169.42 ± 5.84 cm, weight 58.5 ± 4.21 kg, and BMI 20.44 ± 2.00. Treatment was carried out for six weeks with a frequency of three times a week. The 20-meter sprint speed test was used as an instrument for collecting speed data. The data analysis technique uses a paired samples t-test at a significance level (α) 0.05. The prerequisite test used is the Shapiro-Wilk test. Results. The research showed increased players’ running speed obtained from the pretest results of 4.48 ± 0.291 and the post-test results of 4.15 ± 0.266 from the 20-meter sprint test. Conclusions. Based on the results of the paired sample t-test, it can be concluded that there is a significant increase in the running speed of college student soccer players using 10 kg sleds.

Study purpose. Examining the physiological and physical effects of Tabata training with Kempo sports movement techniques. Materials and methods. The study participants were 16 adolescents divided into two distinct groups: the Tabata group and the non-Tabata group. The training was conducted for 6 weeks, 3 times per week, with each session lasting 2 hours. The training components for kicks and punches included Gyaku Geri, Jun Mawashi Geri, Jun Zuki, and Gyaku Mawashi Geri. Each teenager did physical exercise once a week for 2 hours. A normality test (Shapiro-Wilk) was used to assess the normality of the data. A Two-Way ANOVA with a significance level of less than 0.05 was conducted to examine the difference in means between the two groups. Furthermore, the researchers also tested the N-Gain Score to assess the effectiveness of the 6-week Tabata training program. All tests were conducted using SPSS version 23 and GraphPad Prisma version 10 for graph creation. Results. The statistics indicate that a 6-week training with Tabata can effectively reduce resting heart rate and improve Standing Broad Jump (SBJ) performance by a value of sig.

The study purpose was to identify the effects of a combination of plyometric exercises in the increasing leg and arm power abilities of volleyball athletes. Materials and methods. Forty students were involved in this study. They were students who were active in practicing volleyball, and then they were divided into four groups of 10 students each, namely (1) Squat thrust jumps and clap push-ups, (2) Squat thrust jumps and lateral push-ups, (3) Rope jumps and clap push-ups; and (4) Rope jumps and lateral push-ups. Then they practiced plyometrics three times a week for eight weeks. Statistical analysis used the t-test and the N-Gain Score using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 26 program. Results. The results of the combination of plyometric exercises stated that it had an effect on the muscle power of both the legs and arms (p

Study purpose. This research aims to evaluate and analyze the Final Time (FT), Split Time (ST), and Reaction Time (RT) records of 100-meter butterfly swimmers in four Olympic events in order to provide benchmarks and standards for the development of swimming training. Materials and methods. This research combines quantitative and qualitative approaches. This study utilized a sample of 32 athletes ranked first through eighth who competed in the 100-meter butterfly at four Olympics: the 2008 Beijing Olympics, 2012 London Olympics, 2016 Rio Olympics, and 2021 Tokyo Olympics. It utilizes secondary data in which all time results are obtained from the website (http://www.fina.org). The descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation were utilized for statistical analysis in this study. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to determine data normality. For comparing data between Olympiads, a one-way multi-comparison ANOVA was used to verify interactions between RT, ST, and FT across Olympiads. To determine the effect of RT and ST on FT, one-way linear regression was used with a significance level of p

Pandemi Covid-19 beresiko menyebabkan pola sedentary lifestyle dalam kehidupan manusia, namun tidak cukup banyak penelitian terkait perubahan pola aktivitas olahraga yang dilakukan mahasiswa selama pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan pola aktivitas olahraga pada mahasiswa fakultas olahraga dan mahasiswa fakultas non-olahraga sebelum dan selama masa pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan disajikan secara deskriptif. Data didapatkan melalui survey online questionnaire dengan menggunakan Google Form yang diisi oleh 573 mahasiswa. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan menggunakan perhitungan persentase dan Wilcoxon test. Simpulan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perubahan yang signifikan pola aktivitas olahraga yang meliputi kebiasaan olahraga, frekuensi latihan, dan jenis aktivitas olahraga pada mahasiswa fakultas olahraga dan mahasiswa fakultas non-olahraga pada sebelum dan selama masa pandemi Covid-19 (p < 0,05).

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan metode dan jenis latihan fisik pada peningkatan power otot tungkai. Metode eksperimental digunakan dalam penelitian ini, 48 siswa laki-laki berusia 18-20 tahun dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok, yang masing-masing memiliki 12 sampel dengan rincian kelompok squat thrust dengan rasio 1:2, kelompok squat thrust dengan rasio 1:3, kelompok jump rope dengan rasio 1:2 dan kelompok jump rope dengan rasio 1:3. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Sport Science Fitness Center (SSFC), Universitas Negeri Surabaya selama 8 minggu. Tes daya dilakukan pada awal dan akhir menggunakan Force plate / Accu Power Version 1.3. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik ANOVA, nilai Fhitung = 168,208 dan nilai probabilitas P

Tujuan dari kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) ini adalah untuk melakukan pembinaan partisipasi aktif sekolah dalam meningkatkan aktivitas fisik anak sebagai upaya penanganan dan pencegahan kejadian obesitas di sekolah dasar serta utuk meningkatkan kebugaran dan derajat kesehatan anak. Metode yang dilakukan dalam PKM terdiri dari persiapan dan survey lokasi, koordinasi, mind mapping, penyiapan dan penyediaan sarana, pelaksanaan, monitoring dan evaluasi.Berdasarkan hasil program dapat disimpulkan bahwa PKM terlaksana dengan baik yang ditunjukkan dari antusiasme guru dan siswa yang sangat tinggi baik pada saat pemberian materi maupun pelaksanaan praktik. Selain itu, SDN Tandes Kidul 1 memiliki potensi untuk meningkatkan partisipasi aktif dalam meningkatkan kebugaran dan kesehatan siswa dengan program aktivitas fisik yang dijadwalkan bersama pada hari Selasa hingga Sabtu selama 30 menit.

Olahraga merupakan aktivitas fisik yang dapat mengontrol kadar glukosa pada pasien diabetes mellitus. Hanya saja, masyarakat kesulitan dalam menemukan konsep untuk menjalankan aktivitas olahraga yang tepat dan menjadi malas dalam beolahraga. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi dan mengedukasi masyarakat tentang bentuk aktivitas fisik yang efektif dan tidak membosankan dalam menurunkan kadar glukosa darah. 27 mahasiswa mengikuti penelitian ini dengan rata-rata umur 19 tahun. Sampel terbagi menjadi 3 kelompok yaitu 9 mahasiswa dengan aktivitas permainan air, 9 mahasiswa dengan aktivitas berenang dan 9 mahasiswa dengan aktivitas jogging. Semua peserta melakukan aktivitas selama 30 menit. Pengecekan glukosa darah menggunakan tenaga ahli kesehatan. Alat yag digunakan untuk mengecek kadar glukosa darah menggunakan Accu Check Active. Hasil penelitian menyajikan data rerata penurunan kadar glukosa darah pada aktivitas permainan air adalah 0,6 mmol/dl, aktivitas renang dan jogging turun 0,5 mmol/dl serta nilai ttabel ketiga kelompok lebih besar dari thitung dan signifikan. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, disimpulkan bahwa aktivitas air merupakan bentuk perlakuan fisik yang dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah. Penelitian ini terbatas pada 3 jenis aktivitas air. Oleh karena itu, penambahan jenis aktivitas air lainnya dapat dipertimbangkan penggunaannya dalam menurunkan kadar glukosa.

This research aim is to evaluate and educate people about the position selection in health recovery treatment for societies as well as athletes after doing physical activities. This is an experimental research design, these research activities are done through training, testing and evaluation of the heart rate on 16 teenagers (19 years old) who actively carry out physical activity at least 3-4 times a week, then divided into 4 groups each group will perform sub-maximum physical activities by using YMCA Step Test Protocol for three minutes. During physical activity, each group measured the heart rate exercise with different positions of standing, sitting, sleeping with feet above the heart (elevation) and sitting position while drinking water. In the next three minutes, after heart rate recovery treatment it found that the heart rate of exercise will decreased rapidly when using the sitting position while drinking water. With regard to this, it is imperative to consider health recovery position after having physical activity.