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The influence of emotions on memory is a significant topic in the psychology of eyewitness testimony. However, conflicting results have arisen, possibly due to varying approaches and methodologies across studies. These discrepancies might also arise from inadequate consideration of individual differences in emotionality. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the moderating effect of healthy emotionality on the relationship between emotion and memory of criminal events. The results of our laboratory experiment (N = 150) conducted with VR technology indicate that eyewitnesses of crimes, unlike observers of neutral events, recall details concerning the perpetrators’ actions immediately preceding the crime act better. Notably, individuals with lower scores on a scale measuring healthy emotionality (ESQ) demonstrate enhanced recollection for these details. At the same time, emotionality plays no significant role in recollection in repeated measurement, as well as in remembering the neutral event. The emotions experienced during crime observation appear to hinder the recollection of perpetrator appearance and behavior unrelated to the crime. These findings are discussed in light of the adaptive role of negative emotions in detecting danger and preparing for unpleasant stimuli.

Abstract This study examined the psychometric and structural properties of the Polish and Ukrainian versions of the Occupational Depression Inventory (ODI). We relied on two samples of Polish employees (N Sample1 = 526, 47% female; N Sample2 = 164, 64% female) and one sample of Ukrainian employees (N Sample3 = 372, 73% female). In all samples, the ODI exhibited essential unidimensionality and high total-score reliability (e.g., McDonald’s omegas > 0.90). The homogeneity of the scale was strong (e.g., 0.59 ≤ scale-level Hs ≤ 0.68). The ODI’s total scores thus accurately ranked individuals on a latent occupational depression continuum. We found evidence of complete measurement invariance across our samples, a prerequisite for between-group comparisons involving observed scores. Looking into the criterion validity of the ODI, we found occupational depression to correlate, in the expected direction, with resilience and job-person fit in six areas of working life—workload, control, rewards, community, fairness, and values. The prevalence of occupational depression was estimated at 5% in Sample 1, 18% in Sample 2, and 3% in Sample 3. Our findings support the use of the ODI’s Polish and Ukrainian versions. This study adds to a growing corpus of research suggesting that the ODI is a robust instrument.

The purpose of this article is to draw attention to the basic factor determining a patient’s dignity and quality of life, which is the ability to function autonomously, maintaining self-reliance and independence. In disorders of the locomotor system, and orthopaedic surgeries, such as total hip arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty, allow the patient – after the rehabilitation period – to carry out life tasks without the help of others. The article discusses ways of understanding patient autonomy as well as quality of life and the determinants of both. Then, it formulates premises for the treatment of orthopaedic patients that allows us to optimize their well-being, satisfaction with surgery, and full use of the resulting improvement in health. The basic assumptions that make up the model of the work of a multidisciplinary team in orthopaedic surgery departments has also been formulated.

Climate change and its consequences are recognized as one of the most important challenges to the functioning of the Earth's ecosystem and humanity. However, the response to the threat posed by the climate crisis still seems inadequate. The question of which psychological factors cause people to engage (or not) in pro-environmental behavior remains without a comprehensive answer. The aim of this study is to establish the links between the cognitive (level of knowledge about climate change and degree of belief in climate myths), emotional (various climate emotions, especially climate anxiety) and behavioral aspects of attitudes towards the climate crisis and their determinants in the form of the Big Five personality domains and time perspectives. The stated hypotheses were verified by analyzing data collected in an online survey of 333 adults using knowledge tests and self-report methods, including psychological questionnaires (Climate Change Anxiety Scale by Clayton and Karazsia, Big Five Inventory-short version by Schupp and Gerlitz, and Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory by Zimbardo and Boyd), and measurement scales developed for this study (Climate myth belief scale, Climate emotion scale, and Inventories of current and planned pro-environmental activities). The results of stepwise regression analysis demonstrate the importance of the core personality traits and the dominant temporal perspective as determinants of belief in climate change myths, climate anxiety, as well as actual and planned pro-environmental behavior.

Background The paper focuses on the problems of temporal functioning of obese individuals and of individuals prepared for bariatric treatment. The experience of time heavily weighs on many areas of human functioning, everyday activity, planning and achieving goals, engaging in pro-health behaviours, and in consequence on the quality of life and on physical health. Contingent on numerous factors, obesity may be related to focusing on particular aspects of time perspective. The aim of the study was to determine the specificity of particular temporal dispo-sitions in individuals prepared for bariatric surgery, and thus to devise suitable post-op psychological interven-tions. Participants and procedure The study sample comprised 28 individuals (60.7% women, mean age M = 43.82 years, SD = 10.01, mean BMI M = 44.83 kg/m 2 , SD = 6.51) awaiting bariatric surgery. The data were collected individually with the following pen-and-paper questionnaires: the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory, the Dark Future Scale, and the Polish adaptation of Snyder’s Adult Hope Scale, which is named the Hope for Success Questionnaire. Results The results showed the prevalence of present hedonistic time perspective in the obese. With regard to future anxiety or the hope for success, no significant deviations from the general population were observed. Conclusions The results indicate that this group is in need of temporal psychotherapy aimed at balancing the time perspec-tive. The results may also be interpreted through the lens of contextual determinants connected with task orien-tation preceding the surgery.

The aim of this article is to characterize selected problems faced by social researchers in prison facilities. The authors, referring to the literature on the subject and their own experience gained while conducting research in prisons, analyze the challenges faced by researchers who do not belong to penitentiary institutions. The first part of the article presents problems related to the organization of research in institutions of a total character, the specificity of the group of prisoners – participants of the research (including, among others, aspects of motivation, self-presentation and the cognitive and emotional functioning of prisoners) and the need for the researcher to maintain a neutral, impartial, objective attitude towards the subjects. The second part of the article is devoted to the reflection on the methodology of research on the temporal perspective, which appeared in connection with the NCN research project “Temporal aspects of the activity of men serving prison sentences – longitudinal study”. The analysis of the specificity of experiencing time by persons serving isolation penalties and the critical analysis of tools for measuring the temporal aspects of their functioning is presented. The article concludes with conclusions on factors that may increase the level of credibility of the results of research conducted in penitentiary institutions.

The aim of the study is to analyze the relationship between sensory processing sensitivity (SPS), attention awareness, and resilience and to determine whether attention awareness may moderate the relation between sensitivity and resilience. The sample consisted of 273 adults (239 women; Mage=24.12, SD=6.59years). The highly sensitive person scale, the resiliency assessment scale, and the mindful attention awareness scale were used in the study. The results indicate significant relationships between SPS and resilience; emotional reactivity is especially associated with lower resilience, whereas sensing the subtle is associated with higher resilience. The regression analyses revealed that SPS is a significant predictor of resilience, but diverse aspects of sensitivity explain resilience differently. Attentional awareness was found to be a significant moderator that strengthens the positive relationship between sensing the subtle and tolerance of negative emotions. The consequences of high sensitivity include high levels of distress, anxiety, and a sense of overload; therefore, searching for protective factors is important to maintain the wellbeing of highly sensitive people. As one of the characteristics of highly sensitive persons, sensing the subtle may be an important resource that allows to them to deal effectively with difficult situations. Training on attention awareness and conscious presence may be an important way to deal with negative emotions and develop personal competences. The results indicate that these strategies may be of high significance for improving wellbeing and protecting highly sensitive persons against various stress factors.

The aim of the study is to analyze the relationship between sensory processing sensitivity and occupational burnout. This analysis makes it possible to explore the problem of sensitivity as a predictor of burnout syndrome and to discuss adequate coping strategies in the work environment to improve employee well-being. The sample consists of 516 employees (236 women; Mage = 28.97, SD = 6.62 years). The Highly Sensitive Person Scale (HSPS; 27 items) was used to measure sensory processing sensitivity; the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI; 16 items) was used to measure exhaustion and disengagement from work. The analysis of sensitivity is based on the ‘DOES’ model of a highly sensitive person, which includes depth of processing (D), overstimulation (O), emotional reactivity and empathy (E), and sensing the subtle (S). Burnout due to exhaustion and disengagement is analyzed. The factor analysis of the HSPS confirms its three-factor structure. The results indicate significant relationships between sensory processing sensitivity and burnout symptoms. However, the influence of specific aspects of sensitivity on the burnout problem varies: the results indicate that higher emotional reactivity is linked to worse burnout symptoms, but sensing the subtle shows the opposite effect and may be a protective factor against exhaustion. Significant gender differences were observed [F(511,1) = 136.63, p < 0.001; η2 = 0.21]; women revealed a significantly higher level of general sensitivity (Mwomen = 4.66, SD = 0.62) as compared to men (Mmen = 4.01; SD = 0.64). Awareness of one’s high sensory-processing sensitivity and its potential outcomes in the work environment may be essential in order to implement appropriate regulatory strategies. Proactive strategies aimed at reducing prolonged emotional overload may be critical for highly sensitive employees. Recognizing high sensitivity may reduce burnout symptoms and improve well-being at work.

The authors of the paper present a new look at the temporal perspective, which might supplement social rehabilitation of people serving sentences of imprisonment in prison conditions. The neglect of personal temporal preferences of convicts in hitherto social rehabilitation concepts may be the cause of failures in undertaken interactions. The individualization of social rehabilitation proposals in reference to the dominant temporal orientation of a prisoner makes them more suitable to the personal mechanisms of psychological functioning, more cognitively available for the convict, motivates to greater involvement in social rehabilitation planned in such a way, and also promotes balancing temporal perspective in the future. A balanced time perspective is a resource, which may increase the likelihood that individuals will avoid engaging in criminal behavior after being released from prison.