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2. TERT promoter mutations in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis on prevalence and prognostic significance

Author

Boscolo-Rizzo, P., Tirelli, G., Polesel, J., Sia, E., Phillips, V., Borsetto, D., De Rossi, A., and Giunco, S.

Subjects
Meta-analysis, Cancer Research, Prognostic biomarkers, Survival, Oncology, Oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma, Systematic review, Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), TERT promoter mutations, Telomerase, Telomere, Oral Surgery
Published
2023

3. Corrigendum to 'Prognostic indicators in clinically node-negative malignant primary salivary tumours of the parotid: A multicentre experience'. [Oral Oncol. 123 (2021) 105577](S1368837521006849)(10.1016/j.oraloncology.2021.105577)

Author

Fussey, J., Tomasoni, M., Tirelli, G., Giordano, L., Galli, A., Colangeli, R., Cazzador, D., Tofanelli, M., da Mosto, M. C., Bianchini, C., Pelucchi, S., Ubayasiri, K., Elsayed, M., Long, P., Saratziotis, A., Hajiioannou, J., Golusinski, P., Szewczyk, M., Piazza, C., Deganello, A., Lombardi, D., Nicolai, P., Pracy, P., Sharma, N., Nankivell, P., Borsetto, D., and Boscolo-Rizzo, P.

Published
2022

4. New onset of loss of smell or taste in household contacts of home-isolated SARS-CoV-2-positive subjects

Author

Boscolo-Rizzo P., Borsetto D., Spinato G., Fabbris C., Menegaldo A., Gaudioso P., Nicolai P., Tirelli G., Da Mosto M. C., Rigoli R., Polesel J., Hopkins C., BOSCOLO RIZZO, PAOLO, Boscolo-Rizzo, P., Borsetto, D., Spinato, G., Fabbris, C., Menegaldo, A., Gaudioso, P., Nicolai, P., Tirelli, G., Da Mosto, M. C., Rigoli, R., Polesel, J., Hopkins, C., and BOSCOLO RIZZO, Paolo

Subjects
Male, Taste, Cross-sectional study, Olfaction Disorders, Taste Disorders, 0302 clinical medicine, Olfaction Disorder, Prevalence, Viral, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, General Medicine, respiratory system, Smell, Taste disorder, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, medicine.symptom, Coronavirus Infections, psychological phenomena and processes, Human, medicine.medical_specialty, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Short Communication, Anosmia, Coronaviru, Pneumonia, Viral, Olfaction, Dysgeusia, Smell and taste loss, Household contacts, 03 medical and health sciences, Betacoronavirus, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Family, Pandemics, Cross-Sectional Studie, Betacoronaviru, Pandemic, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, Coronavirus Infection, fungi, COVID-19, Pneumonia, Household contact, Coronavirus, Cross-Sectional Studies, Otorhinolaryngology, Contact Tracing, business, Smell and taste lo, Contact tracing
Abstract

Purpose To estimate the prevalence of smell or taste impairment in household contacts of mildly symptomatic home-isolated SARS-CoV-2 positive patients.Methods Cross sectional study based on ad hoc questions.Results Of 214 mildly symptomatic COVID-19 patients managed at home under self-isolation, 179 reported to have at least one household contact, with the total number of no study participants contacts being 296. Among 175 household contacts not tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection, 67 (38.3%) had SARS-CoV-2 compatible symptoms, 39 (22.3%) had loss of smell or taste with 7 (4.0%) having loss of smell or taste in the absence of other symptoms. The prevalence of smell or taste impairment was 1.5% in patients tested negative compared to 63.0% of those tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 (pConclusion Smell or taste impairment are quite common in not-tested household contacts of mildly symptomatic home-isolated SARS-CoV-2 positive patients. This should be taken into account when estimating the burden of loss of sense of smell and taste during COVID-19 pandemic, and further highlights the value of loss of sense of smell and taste as a marker of infection.

Published
2020
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5. High prevalence of long-term olfactory, gustatory, and chemesthesis dysfunction in post-COVID-19 patients: a matched case-control study with one-year follow-up using a comprehensive psychophysical evaluation

Author

Boscolo-Rizzo, P., primary, Hummel, T., additional, Hopkins, C., additional, Dibattista, M., additional, Menini, A., additional, Spinato, G., additional, Fabbris, C., additional, Emanuelli, E., additional, D’Alessandro, A., additional, Marzolino, R., additional, Zanelli, E., additional, Cancellieri, E., additional, Cargnelutti, K., additional, Fadda, S., additional, Borsetto, D., additional, Vaira, L.A., additional, Gardenal, N., additional, Polesel, J., additional, and Tirelli, G., additional

Published
2021
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6. Surgery of the lateral skull base: A 50-year endeavour

Author

Zanoletti, E., Mazzoni, Alberto, Martini, A., Abbritti, R. V., Albertini, R., Alexandre, E., Baro, V., Bartolini, S., Bernardeschi, D., Bivona, R., Bonali, M., Borghesi, I., Borsetto, D., Bovo, R., Breun, M., Calbucci, F., Carlson, M. L., Caruso, A., Caye-Thomasen, P., Cazzador, D., Champagne, P. -O., Colangeli, R., Conte, G., D'Avella, D., Danesi, G., Deantonio, L., Denaro, L., Berardino, F. D., Draghi, R., Ebner, F. H., Favaretto, N., Ferri, G., Fioravanti, A., Froelich, S., Giannuzzi, A., Girasoli, L., Grossardt, B. R., Guidi, M., Hagen, R., Hanakita, S., Hardy, D. G., Iglesias, V. C., Jefferies, S., Jia, H., Kalamarides, M., Kanaan, I. N., Krengli, M., Landi, A., Lauda, L., Lepera, D., Lieber, S., Lloyd, S. L. K., Lovato, A., Maccarrone, F., Macfarlane, R., Magnan, J., Magnoni, L., Marchioni, D., Marinelli, J. P., Marioni, G., Mastronardi, V., Matthies, C., Moffat, D. A., Munari, S., Nardone, M., Pareschi, R., Pavone, C., Piccirillo, E., Piras, G., Presutti, L., Restivo, G., Reznitsky, M., Roca, E., Russo, A., Sanna, M., Sartori, L., Scheich, M., Shehata-Dieler, W., Soloperto, D., Sorrentino, F., Sterkers, O., Taibah, A., Tatagiba, M., Tealdo, G., Vlad, D., Wu, H., Zanetti, D., Zanoletti E., Mazzoni A., Martini A., Abbritti R.V., Albertini R., Alexandre E., Baro V., Bartolini S., Bernardeschi D., Bivona R., Bonali M., Borghesi I., Borsetto D., Bovo R., Breun M., Calbucci F., Carlson M.L., Caruso A., Caye-Thomasen P., Cazzador D., Champagne P.-O., Colangeli R., Conte G., D'Avella D., Danesi G., Deantonio L., Denaro L., Berardino F.D., Draghi R., Ebner F.H., Favaretto N., Ferri G., Fioravanti A., Froelich S., Giannuzzi A., Girasoli L., Grossardt B.R., Guidi M., Hagen R., Hanakita S., Hardy D.G., Iglesias V.C., Jefferies S., Jia H., Kalamarides M., Kanaan I.N., Krengli M., Landi A., Lauda L., Lepera D., Lieber S., Lloyd S.L.K., Lovato A., Maccarrone F., Macfarlane R., Magnan J., Magnoni L., Marchioni D., Marinelli J.P., Marioni G., Mastronardi V., Matthies C., Moffat D.A., Munari S., Nardone M., Pareschi R., Pavone C., Piccirillo E., Piras G., Presutti L., Restivo G., Reznitsky M., Roca E., Russo A., Sanna M., Sartori L., Scheich M., Shehata-Dieler W., Soloperto D., Sorrentino F., Sterkers O., Taibah A., Tatagiba M., Tealdo G., Vlad D., Wu H., and Zanetti D.

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_treatment, Schwannoma, Neurosurgical Procedures, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Meningeal Neoplasms, Medicine, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, Skull Base, Benign tumors of the skull base, Lateral approaches to the skull base, Malignant tumors of the skull base, Neuroma, Acoustic, Middle Aged, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 3. Good health, Chirurgia della base cranio laterale, General Energy, medicine.anatomical_structure, Approcci laterali alla base del cranio, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Head and neck surgery, Female, Neurosurgery, Meningioma, Research Article, Adult, Chirurgia della base del cranio, medicine.medical_specialty, Tumori benigni della base del cranio, Lateral skull base surgery, Tumori maligni della base del cranio, Skull Base Neoplasms, Skull base surgery, Aged, Endoscopy, Hearing Loss, Humans, Mastoid, Retrospective Studies, Temporal Bone, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, business.industry, General surgery, medicine.disease, Radiation therapy, Skull, Otorhinolaryngology, business, Jugular foramen
Abstract

Chirurgia della base del cranio laterale: 50 anni di impegno.La base del cranio non è anatomicamente divisa in anteriore e laterale, ma è per semplicità che comunemente si intendono i corridoi chirurgici con direzione antero-laterale, laterale pura e postero laterale come “Approcci chirurgici della base del cranio laterale”. Una relazione con titolo “Cinquant’anni di impegno”, di sforzo o di dedizione, vuole essere il riconoscimento a questa chirurgia che nel corso degli anni ha sviluppato interventi sempre più complessi con una morbidità sempre minore. Il principio della chirurgia della base del cranio laterale si fonda sulla possibilità di “fare spazio”, esporre adeguatamente, rimuovere osso per salvaguardare il cervello, insieme alla possibilità di preservare la funzione e adattare l’approccio chirurgico all’istologia della lesione. Il concetto che l’istologia detta l’entità della resezione chirurgica, bilanciando la morbidità intrinseca di ciascun approccio, è oggetto di trattazione nella prima sezione di questa relazione. Nella seconda sezione sono descritti i principali approcci chirurgici, intesi non come descrizione tecnica di ciascun tempo chirurgico, ma dei principi che sono alla base di ciascun approccio. La terza sezione è dedicata alle questioni aperte, quelle ancora irrisolte, inerenti alcuni tumori ed il loro trattamento. L’argomento del neurinoma sporadico dell’ottavo nervo cranico è trattato riportando l'attuale dibattito sulla osservazione, la chirurgia di preservazione dell’udito, la riabilitazione con l’impianto cocleare, la radioterapia e le ricerche recenti su marcatori tumorali predittivi di crescita. Il paraganglioma del forame giugulare è trattato nel contesto della chirurgia radicale, chirurgia parziale, osservazione e radioterapia. La terapia dei meningiomi della base del cranio analizza il punto di vista specifico dell’otochirurgo e del neurochirurgo. Cordomi e condrosarcomi, tumori del sacco endolinfatico, carcinomi dell’orecchio e colesteatoma della rocca sono le altre lesioni affrontate. Infine, nella quarta sezione è proposto un contributo a libera scelta ad autori di riconosciuta esperienza. Lo scopo di questa relazione è stato quello di fornire un aggiornamento della chirurgia della base del cranio laterale dopo 50 anni di duro lavoro e, o forse soprattutto, di permettere alle tante questioni irrisolte, alle domande che ancora non hanno risposta, di trovare espressione, affinchè il dibattito ed il progresso possano continuare con la condivisione di esperienze. Se al termine della lettura vi saranno più domande che risposte, potremo dirci che l’obiettivo di questa relazione è stato raggiunto.Disregarding the widely used division of skull base into anterior and lateral, since the skull base should be conceived as a single anatomic structure, it was to our convenience to group all those approaches that run from the antero-lateral, pure lateral and postero-lateral side of the skull base as “Surgery of the lateral skull base”. “50 years of endeavour” points to the great effort which has been made over the last decades, when more and more difficult surgeries were performed by reducing morbidity. The principle of lateral skull base surgery, “remove skull base bone to approach the base itself and the adjacent sites of the endo-esocranium”, was then combined with function preservation and with tailoring surgery to the pathology. The concept that histology dictates the extent of resection, balancing the intrinsic morbidity of each approach was the object of the first section of the present report. The main surgical approaches were described in the second section and were conceived not as a step-by-step description of technique, but as the highlighthening of the surgical principles. The third section was centered on open issues related to the tumor and its treatment. The topic of vestibular schwannoma was investigated with the current debate on observation, hearing preservation surgery, hearing rehabilitation, radiotherapy and the recent efforts to detect biological markers able to predict tumor growth. Jugular foramen paragangliomas were treated in the frame of radical or partial surgery, radiotherapy, partial “tailored” surgery and observation. Surgery on meningioma was debated from the point of view of the neurosurgeon and of the otologist. Endolymphatic sac tumors and malignant tumors of the external auditory canal were also treated, as well as chordomas, chondrosarcomas and petrous bone cholesteatomas. Finally, the fourth section focused on free-choice topics which were assigned to aknowledged experts. The aim of this work was attempting to report the state of the art of the lateral skull base surgery after 50 years of hard work and, above all, to raise questions on those issues which still need an answer, as to allow progress in knowledge through sharing of various experiences. At the end of the reading, if more doubts remain rather than certainties, the aim of this work will probably be achieved.

Published
2019

7. Correction to: Multiple spontaneous skull base cerebrospinal fluid leaks: some insights from an international retrospective collaborative study (European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, (2020), 277, 12, (3357-3363), 10.1007/s00405-020-06227-w)

Author

Dallan, I., Cambi, C., Emanuelli, E., Cazzador, D., Canevari, F. R., Borsetto, D., Tysome, J. R., Donnelly, N. P., Rigante, M., Georgalas, C., Alobid, I., Molteni, G., Marchioni, D., Shahzada, A. K., Scarano, M., Seccia, V., and Pasquini, E.

Published
2020

11. Surgery of the lateral skull base:A 50-year endeavour

Author

Zanoletti, E., Mazzoni, A., Martini, A., Abbritti, R. V., Albertini, R., Alexandre, E., Baro, V., Bartolini, S., Bernardeschi, D., Bivona, R., Bonali, M., Borghesi, I., Borsetto, D., Bovo, R., Breun, M., Calbucci, F., Carlson, M. L., Caruso, A., Cayé-Thomasen, P., Cazzador, D., Champagne, P. O., Colangeli, R., Conte, G., D’Avella, D., Danesi, G., Deantonio, L., Denaro, L., Berardino, F. Di, Draghi, R., Ebner, F. H., Favaretto, N., Ferri, G., Fioravanti, A., Froelich, S., Giannuzzi, A., Girasoli, L., Grossardt, B. R., Guidi, M., Hagen, R., Hanakita, S., Hardy, D. G., Iglesias, V. C., Jefferies, S., Jia, H., Kalamarides, M., Kanaan, I. N., Krengli, M., Landi, A., Lauda, L., Lepera, D., Lieber, S., Lloyd, S. L.K., Lovato, A., Maccarrone, F., Macfarlane, R., Magnan, J., Magnoni, L., Marchioni, D., Marinelli, J. P., Marioni, G., Mastronardi, V., Matthies, C., Moffat, D. A., Munari, S., Nardone, M., Pareschi, R., Pavone, C., Piccirillo, E., Piras, G., Presutti, L., Restivo, G., Reznitsky, M., Roca, E., Russo, A., Sanna, M., Sartori, L., Scheich, M., Shehata-Dieler, W., Soloperto, D., Sorrentino, F., Sterkers, O., Taibah, A., Tatagiba, M., Tealdo, G., Vlad, D., Wu, H., and Zanetti, D.

Subjects
Benign tumors of the skull base, Lateral approaches to the skull base, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, Lateral skull base surgery, Malignant tumors of the skull base, Skull base surgery
Abstract

Disregarding the widely used division of skull base into anterior and lateral, since the skull base should be conceived as a single anatomic structure, it was to our convenience to group all those approaches that run from the antero-lateral, pure lateral and postero-lateral side of the skull base as “Surgery of the lateral skull base”. “50 years of endeavour” points to the great effort which has been made over the last decades, when more and more difficult surgeries were performed by reducing morbidity. The principle of lateral skull base surgery, “remove skull base bone to approach the base itself and the adjacent sites of the endo-esocranium”, was then combined with function preservation and with tailoring surgery to the pathology. The concept that histology dictates the extent of resection, balancing the intrinsic morbidity of each approach was the object of the first section of the present report. The main surgical approaches were described in the second section and were conceived not as a step-by-step description of technique, but as the highlighthening of the surgical principles. The third section was centered on open issues related to the tumor and its treatment. The topic of vestibular schwannoma was investigated with the current debate on observation, hearing preservation surgery, hearing rehabilitation, radiotherapy and the recent efforts to detect biological markers able to predict tumor growth. Jugular foramen paragangliomas were treated in the frame of radical or partial surgery, radiotherapy, partial “tailored” surgery and observation. Surgery on meningioma was debated from the point of view of the neurosurgeon and of the otologist. Endolymphatic sac tumors and malignant tumors of the external auditory canal were also treated, as well as chordomas, chondrosarcomas and petrous bone cholesteatomas. Finally, the fourth section focused on free-choice topics which were assigned to aknowledged experts. The aim of this work was attempting to report the state of the art of the lateral skull base surgery after 50 years of hard work and, above all, to raise questions on those issues which still need an answer, as to allow progress in knowledge through sharing of various experiences. At the end of the reading, if more doubts remain rather than certainties, the aim of this work will probably be achieved.

Published
2019

13. Surgery of the lateral skull base: a 50-year endeavour

Author

Zanoletti, E., primary, Mazzoni, A., additional, Martini, A., additional, Abbritti, R. V., additional, Albertini, R., additional, Alexandre, E., additional, Baro, V., additional, Bartolini, S., additional, Bernardeschi, D., additional, Bivona, R., additional, Bonali, M., additional, Borghesi, I., additional, Borsetto, D., additional, Bovo, R., additional, Breun, M., additional, Calbucci, F., additional, Carlson, M. L., additional, Caruso, A., additional, Cayé-Thomasen, P., additional, Cazzador, D., additional, Champagne, P. -O., additional, Colangeli, R., additional, Conte, G., additional, D’Avella, D., additional, Danesi, G., additional, Deantonio, L., additional, Denaro, L., additional, Di Berardino, F., additional, Draghi, R., additional, Ebner, F. H., additional, Favaretto, N., additional, Ferri, G., additional, Fioravanti, A., additional, Froelich, S., additional, Giannuzzi, A., additional, Girasoli, L., additional, Grossardt, B. R., additional, Guidi, M., additional, Hagen, R., additional, Hanakita, S., additional, Hardy, D. G., additional, Iglesias, V. C., additional, Jefferies, S., additional, Jia, H., additional, Kalamarides, M., additional, Kanaan, I. N., additional, Krengli, M., additional, Landi, A., additional, Lauda, L., additional, Lepera, D., additional, Lieber, S., additional, Lloyd, S. L. K., additional, Lovato, A., additional, Maccarrone, F., additional, Macfarlane, R., additional, Magnan, J., additional, Magnoni, L., additional, Marchioni, D., additional, Marinelli, J. P., additional, Marioni, G., additional, Mastronardi, V., additional, Matthies, C., additional, Moffat, D. A., additional, Munari, S., additional, Nardone, M., additional, Pareschi, R., additional, Pavone, C., additional, Piccirillo, E., additional, Piras, G., additional, Presutti, L., additional, Restivo, G., additional, Reznitsky, M., additional, Roca, E., additional, Russo, A., additional, Sanna, M., additional, Sartori, L., additional, Scheich, M., additional, Shehata-Dieler, W., additional, Soloperto, D., additional, Sorrentino, F., additional, Sterkers, O., additional, Taibah, A., additional, Tatagiba, M., additional, Tealdo, G., additional, Vlad, D., additional, Wu, H., additional, and Zanetti, D., additional

Published
2019
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20. The importance of early detection of ENT symptoms in mild-to-moderate COVID-19

Author

Piergiorgio Gaudioso, Monica Mantovani, Maria Cristina Da Mosto, Cristoforo Fabbris, Daniele Borsetto, Giulio Costantini, Paolo Boscolo-Rizzo, Francesca Mularoni, Giacomo Spinato, Anna Menegaldo, Ananth Vijendren, Spinato, G., Costantini, G., Fabbris, C., Menegaldo, A., Mularoni, F., Gaudioso, P., Mantovani, M., Borsetto, D., Vijendren, A., Da Mosto, M. C., BOSCOLO RIZZO, Paolo, Spinato, G, Costantini, G, Fabbris, C, Menegaldo, A, Mularoni, F, Gaudioso, P, Mantovani, M, Borsetto, D, Vijendren, A, Da Mosto, M, and Boscolo-Rizzo, P

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, sintomi ORL, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Early detection, ENT symptoms, medicine.disease_cause, Severity of Illness Index, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Throat, Internal medicine, 80 and over, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, medicine, diagnosi precoce, Humans, ENT symptom, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, Nose, Aged, Coronavirus, Aged, 80 and over, Respiratory tract infections, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, COVID-19, Early diagnosis, Case-Control Studies, Early Diagnosis, Female, Middle Aged, Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Early diagnosi, General Energy, medicine.anatomical_structure, Otorhinolaryngology, Otorhinolaryngologic Disease, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Breathing, Case-Control Studie, business, Human
Abstract

Patients with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may present with a wide range of symptoms. In this paper, a detailed characterisation of mild-to-moderate ear, nose nd throat (ENT) symptoms is presented with the aim of recognising the disease early to help reduce further spread and progression.A total of 230 cases testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 and 134 negative controls were recruited for a case-control analysis. Symptoms were analysed using the Acute Respiratory Tract Infections Questionnaire, while other symptoms were investigated byAmong the study samples (n = 364), 149 were males and 215 were females with age ranging from 20 to 89 years (mean 52.3). Four main groups of symptoms were obtained: influenza-like symptoms, ENT-symptoms, breathing issues and asthenia-related symptoms, representing 72%, 69%, 64% and 53% of overall referred clinical manifestations, respectively. ENT symptoms, breathing issues and influenza-like symptoms were associated with positivity to SARS-CoV-2, whereas asthenia-related symptoms did not show a significant association with SARS-CoV-2 infection after controlling for other symptoms, comorbidities and demographic characteristics.ENT symptoms are equally represented with influenza-like ones as presenting symptoms of COVID-19. Patients with ENT symptoms should be investigated for early identification and prevention of SARS-CoV-2 spread.Importanza del rilevamento precoce dei sintomi ORL nella COVID-19 lieve-moderata.I pazienti con malattia da Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) causata dal Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) possono presentare una vasta gamma di sintomi. In questo articolo, è mostrata una caratterizzazione dettagliata dei sintomi nei pazienti con malattia lieve-moderata, al fine di riconoscere precocemente la malattia e ridurne l’ulteriore diffusione.Un totale di 230 pazienti risultati positivi per infezione da SARS-CoV-2 e 134 soggetti risultati invece negativi sono stati reclutati per questa analisi caso-controllo. I sintomi sono stati analizzati utilizzando l’Acute Respiratory Tract Infections Questionnaire, mentre altri, sono stati indagati mediante domande ad hoc.La popolazione oggetto dello studio era composta da 364 soggetti; 149 erano maschi e 215 femmine con età compresa tra 20 e 89 anni (media 52,3). Sono stati identificati quattro gruppi di sintomi: sintomi simil-influenzali, sintomi ORL, problemi respiratori e sintomi astenia-correlati che rappresentavano rispettivamente il 72%, 69%, 64% e 53% delle manifestazioni cliniche. Sintomi ORL, problemi respiratori e sintomi simil-influenzali erano associati a positività a SARS-CoV-2, mentre i sintomi correlati all’astenia non mostravano un’associazione significativa con l’infezione da SARS-CoV-2 dopo il controllo di altri sintomi, co-morbidità, e caratteristiche demografiche.I sintomi ORL sono ugualmente rappresentati rispetto a quelli simil-influenzali nell’esordio della COVID-19. I pazienti con sintomi ORL devono essere studiati per l’identificazione precoce e la prevenzione della diffusione del SARS-CoV-2.

Published
2021

21. Self-reported smell and taste recovery in coronavirus disease 2019 patients: a one-year prospective study

Author

Luigi Angelo Vaira, Chiara Lazzarin, Riccardo Marzolino, Andrea D'Alessandro, Claire Hopkins, Margherita Tofanelli, Alberto Vito Marcuzzo, Giancarlo Tirelli, Jerry Polesel, Vincenzo Capriotti, Enrico Zanelli, Daniele Borsetto, Fiordaliso Cragnolini, Francesco Guida, Nicoletta Gardenal, Paolo Antonucci, Erica Sacchet, Paolo Boscolo-Rizzo, BOSCOLO RIZZO, Paolo, Guida, F., Polesel, J., Marcuzzo, A. V., Antonucci, P., Capriotti, V., Sacchet, E., Cragnolini, F., D'Alessandro, A., Zanelli, E., Marzolino, R., Lazzarin, C., Tofanelli, M., Gardenal, N., Borsetto, D., Hopkins, C., Vaira, L. A., and Tirelli, G.

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Taste, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Short Communication, Anosmia, Coronaviru, Olfaction, New onset, 03 medical and health sciences, Olfaction Disorders, Taste Disorders, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, Prospective cohort study, Outcome, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, General Medicine, Smell, Coronavirus, Otorhinolaryngology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Neurosurgery, Self Report, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to estimate the 1 year prevalence and recovery rate of self-reported chemosensory dysfunction in a series of subjects with previous mild-to-moderate symptomatic COVID-19. Methods: Prospective study based on the SNOT-22, item “sense of smell or taste” and additional outcomes. Results: 268/315 patients (85.1%) completing the survey at baseline also completed the follow-up interview. The 12 months prevalence of self-reported COVID-19 associated chemosensory dysfunction was 21.3% (95% CI 16.5–26.7%). Of the 187 patients who complained of COVID-19 associated chemosensory dysfunction at baseline, 130 (69.5%; 95% CI 62.4–76.0%) reported complete resolution of smell or taste impairment, 41 (21.9%) reported a decrease in the severity, and 16 (8.6%) reported the symptom was unchanged or worse 1 year after onset. The risk of persistence was higher for patients reporting a baseline SNOT-22 score ≥ 4 (OR = 3.32; 95% CI 1.32–8.36) as well as for those requiring ≥ 22 days for a negative swab (OR = 2.18; 95% CI 1.12–4.27). Conclusion: A substantial proportion of patients with previous mild-to-moderate symptomatic COVID-19 characterized by new onset of chemosensory dysfunction still complained on altered sense of smell or taste 1 year after the onset.

Published
2022

22. High prevalence of human papillomavirus infection in sinonasal inverted papilloma: a single‐institution cohort of patients

Author

Giuliana Frasson, Daniele Borsetto, Giada Munari, Paolo Boscolo-Rizzo, Enzo Emanuelli, Roberta Salmaso, Giulia Traverso, Alessandro Martini, S. Cesaro, Diego Cazzador, Massimo Rugge, Frasson, G., Cesaro, S., Cazzador, D., Traverso, G., Emanuelli, E., Borsetto, D., Munari, G., Salmaso, R., Martini, A., Boscolo-Rizzo, P., and Rugge, M.

Subjects
Male, Risk, sinonasal benign neoplasm, medicine.medical_specialty, Genotype, sinonasal benign neoplasms, alpha-HPV, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, law, Sinonasal inverted papilloma, Internal medicine, Prevalence, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, Human papillomavirus, Single institution, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, Papillomaviridae, genotyping, maxillary sinus, sinonasal inverted papilloma, Genotyping, Polymerase chain reaction, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Papilloma, Inverted, High prevalence, business.industry, Papillomavirus Infections, virus diseases, Middle Aged, female genital diseases and pregnancy complications, Natural history, 030228 respiratory system, Otorhinolaryngology, DNA, Viral, Cohort, Female, maxillary sinu, business, Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms
Abstract

Background: Both the prevalence of sinonasal inverted papilloma (IP) and the causal association with alpha-human papillomaviruses (alpha-HPVs) are controversial. In this study we aimed to determine HPV status in histologically selected, microdissected, formalin-fixed, and paraffin-embedded tissue samples of IP. Methods: HPV status was assessed retrospectively by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-bead‒based multiplex genotyping on tissue samples of patients diagnosed with IP and consecutively treated with endoscopic resection. Forty-one HPV genotypes were considered, distinguishing between high risk and low risk. HPV status was correlated with demographics and clinical variables. Sixty sinonasal IP tissue samples were initially considered. After exclusion of 5 cases due to insufficient quality/quantity of the samples, 55 patients were included for analysis. Results: HPV-DNA sequences were identified in 34 of 55 (61.8%) IPs, with a higher prevalence of high-risk than low-risk HPV genotypes (19 [55.9%] and 15 cases [44.1%], respectively). HPV16 strongly prevailed among the high-risk HPV cases (84.2%), and HPV54 prevailed among the low-risk HPV cases (53.3%). IPs with origin within the maxillary sinus were significantly associated with high-risk HPV (p = 0.019). No significant associations emerged between HPV status and demographics or clinical variables. Conclusion: In a series of 55 IP tissue samples, HPV-DNA sequences were identified in 61.8% of cases, which differs from the data of previous investigations. Further case-control studies are advocated to confirm this prevalence in the Italian population addressed, and also to clarify any pathogenic involvement of HPV in the natural history of IPs.

Published
2020

23. High prevalence of long-term olfactory, gustatory, and chemesthesis dysfunction in post-COVID-19 patients: a matched case-control study with one-year follow-up using a comprehensive psychophysical evaluation

Author

E Cancellieri, Nicoletta Gardenal, Cristoforo Fabbris, Enzo Emanuelli, K Cargnelutti, Luigi Angelo Vaira, Riccardo Marzolino, Daniele Borsetto, M Dibattista, Anna Menini, Enrico Zanelli, Giancarlo Tirelli, Jerry Polesel, Giacomo Spinato, Andrea D'Alessandro, Paolo Boscolo-Rizzo, Claire Hopkins, S Fadda, Thomas Hummel, Boscolo-Rizzo, Paolo, Hummel, T, Hopkins, C, Dibattista, M, Menini, Anna, Spinato, G, Fabbris, C, Emanuelli, E, D'Alessandro, A, Marzolino, R, Zanelli, E, Cancellieri, E, Cargnelutti, K, Fadda, S, Borsetto, D, Vaira, L A, Gardenal, N, Polesel, J, and Tirelli, G

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), SARS-Cov-2, Anosmia, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Population, Olfaction, Audiology, Settore BIO/09 - Fisiologia, Olfaction Disorders, Taste Disorders, chemistry.chemical_compound, Chemesthesis, Prevalence, Humans, Medicine, education, Depression (differential diagnoses), Case-Control Studies, COVID-19, education.field_of_study, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, Case-control study, General Medicine, Smell, Exact test, Otorhinolaryngology, chemistry, Case-Control Studie, business, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Background: Using an age and gender matched-pair case-control study, we aimed to estimate the long-term prevalence of psychophysical olfactory, gustatory , and chemesthesis impairment at least one year after SARS-CoV-2 infection considering the background of chemosensory dysfunction in non-COVID-19 population. Methodology: This case-controlled study included 100 patients who were home-isolated for mildly symptomatic COVID-19 between March and April 2020. One control regularly tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection and always tested negative was matched to each case according to gender and age. Chemosensory function was investigated by a comprehensive psychophysical evaluation including ortho- and retronasal olfaction and an extensive assessment of gustatory function. Differences in chemosensory parameters were evaluated through either Fisher’s exact test or Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: The psychophysical assessment of chemosensory function took place after a median of 401 days from the first SARS-CoV-2 positive swab. The evaluation of orthonasal smell identified 46% and 10% of cases and controls, respectively, having olfactory dysfunction, with 7% of COVID-19 cases being functionally anosmic. Testing of gustatory function revealed a 27% of cases versus 10% of controls showing a gustatory impairment. Nasal trigeminal sensitivity was significantly lower in cases compared to controls. Persistent chemosensory impairment was associated with emotional distress and depression. Conclusion: More than one year after the onset of COVID-19, cases exhibited an excess of olfactory, gustatory , and chemesthesis disturbances compared to matched-pair controls with these symptoms being associated to emotional distress and depression.

Published
2021

24. Sequelae in adults at 12 months after mild-to-moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Author

Martino F. Pengo, Riccardo Marzolino, Francesco Guida, Andrea D'Alessandro, Nicoletta Gardenal, Daniele Borsetto, Alberto Vito Marcuzzo, Paolo Boscolo-Rizzo, Enrico Zanelli, Vincenzo Capriotti, Chiara Lazzarin, Erica Sacchet, Giancarlo Tirelli, Jerry Polesel, Margherita Tofanelli, Paolo Antonucci, Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Boscolo Rizzo, Paolo., Guida, F., Polesel, Jerry, Marcuzzo, A. V., Capriotti, V., D'Alessandro, A., Zanelli, E., Marzolino, R., Lazzarin, C., Antonucci, P., Sacchet, E., Tofanelli, M., Borsetto, Daniele, Gardenal, Nicoletta, Pengo, Martino, Tirelli, G., Boscolo-Rizzo, P, Guida, F, Polesel, J, Marcuzzo, A, Capriotti, V, D'Alessandro, A, Zanelli, E, Marzolino, R, Lazzarin, C, Antonucci, P, Sacchet, E, Tofanelli, M, Borsetto, D, Gardenal, N, Pengo, M, and Tirelli, G

Subjects
Adult, 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), chronic COVID syndrome, COVID-19, long COVID, long haulers, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Virology, long hauler, Otorhinolaryngology, Disease Progression, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, Humans, business
Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can cause a wide array of symptoms ranging from mild to severe or fatal forms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Furthermore, it has been observed that in a proportion of patients a variable range of symptoms may persist for a long time. An increasing number of studies have been focused on long COVID, but they have mainly been concentrated on previously hospitalized severe COVID-19 patients reporting symptoms up to 6-months after illness. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of COVID-related symptoms 12-months after the onset of mild-to-moderate disease.

Published
2021

25. Understanding COVID-19–Related Olfactory Dysfunction—Reply

Author

Claire Hopkins, Daniele Borsetto, Paolo Boscolo-Rizzo, Boscolo-Rizzo, Paolo., Borsetto, D., and Hopkins, C.

Subjects
2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), business.industry, Humans, SARS-CoV-2, Smell, Taste Disorders, COVID-19, Olfaction Disorders, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), MEDLINE, Taste Disorder, Taste disorder, Otorhinolaryngology, Immunology, Medicine, Surgery, business, Human
Abstract

Understanding COVID-19–Related Olfactory Dysfunction

Published
2021
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26. Pretreatment High MCV as Adverse Prognostic Marker in Nonanemic Patients with Head and Neck Cancer

Author

Giancarlo Tirelli, Jerry Polesel, Paul Nankivell, Daniele Borsetto, Anna Menegaldo, Vittorio Baggio, Jonathan Fussey, Paul Pracy, Alessandro Gava, Paolo Boscolo-Rizzo, Borsetto, D., Polesel, J., Tirelli, G., Menegaldo, A., Baggio, V., Gava, A., Nankivell, P., Pracy, P., Fussey, J., and Boscolo Rizzo, P.

Subjects
Erythrocyte Indices, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, HPV, Anemia, Macrocytosis, Gastroenterology, 03 medical and health sciences, Hemoglobins, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, macrocytic anemia, Mean corpuscular volume, platelets, prognosis, Serum Albumin, Aged, Neoplasm Staging, Proportional Hazards Models, Retrospective Studies, platelet, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Platelet Count, Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck, Head and neck cancer, Retrospective cohort study, Chemoradiotherapy, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Head and neck squamous-cell carcinoma, Survival Rate, Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Neoplasms, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Female, Macrocytic anemia, Hemoglobin, business
Abstract

Objective Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) has been shown in to be a reliable prognostic marker in other cancers; however, no evidence exists on its use in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). This study aimed to investigate the association between MCV, hemoglobin, platelet count and albumin concentration, and survival in stage III/IVA-B HNSCC treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Study design Retrospective cohort study. Methods In this multicenter retrospective study, we analyzed MCV, platelet count, hemoglobin concentration, and albumin concentration in peripheral blood samples from 260 patients with HNSCC undergoing organ preservation treatment with curative intent at the time of diagnosis. We then analyzed survival outcomes after accounting for confounders using multivariate analysis. Results After adjustment for potential confounders, patients with low hemoglobin had a 3.3-fold higher risk of death (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.26-4.81) than those with normal hemoglobin. Patients with an elevated MCV had a 1.54-fold higher risk of death (95% CI: 1.06-2.24), independent of site, stage, and human papillomavirus status. Interestingly, the effect of MCV on overall and progression-free survival was limited to those with a normal pretreatment hemoglobin. We identified no associations between pretreatment platelet count or albumin concentration and survival. Conclusion These findings suggest that pretreatment anemia and macrocytosis are independent predictors of lower overall and progression-free survival in HNSCC patients undergoing organ preservation treatment. Level of evidence III Laryngoscope, 131:E836-E843, 2021.

Published
2021

27. Elective neck dissection in primary parotid carcinomas: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Paolo Boscolo-Rizzo, Veronica Phillips, Oreste Iocca, Daniele Borsetto, Armando De Virgilio, Piero Nicolai, Giuseppe Spriano, Jonathan Fussey, Pasquale Di Maio, Borsetto, D., Iocca, O., De Virgilio, A., BOSCOLO RIZZO, Paolo, Phillips, V., Nicolai, P., Spriano, G., Fussey, J., and Di Maio, P.

Subjects
Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Locally advanced, MEDLINE, parotid gland carcinomas, Cochrane Library, meta-analysi, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Metastasis, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Retrospective Studie, medicine, Humans, elective neck dissection, Lymph node, Retrospective Studies, Neoplasm Staging, business.industry, parotid gland carcinoma, Carcinoma, cervical occult lymph node metastase, Lymph Node, Neck dissection, cN0 neck, Lymphatic Metastasi, 030206 dentistry, medicine.disease, Occult, Parotid Neoplasms, meta-analysis, medicine.anatomical_structure, Otorhinolaryngology, cervical occult lymph node metastases, Lymphatic Metastasis, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Meta-analysis, Lymph Nodes, Neck Dissection, Periodontics, Radiology, Oral Surgery, business, Human
Abstract

Background To estimate the rate of occult cervical lymph node metastases in cN0 patients affected by primary parotid carcinomas and to scrutinize the evidence on the indication and extent of elective neck dissection in these neoplasms. Methods Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Scopus were searched until August 31, 2020, to identify studies reporting the use of elective neck dissection in the management of malignant parotid tumours. The PRISMA checklist was used. A single arm meta-analysis was then made to determine the pooled rate of occult lymph node metastases. Risk of bias of the included studies was assessed through the ROBINS-E tool. Results The initial search returned 20 541 articles, of which twelve met the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. They comprised 1310 patients with parotid carcinoma, of whom 542 cN0 underwent elective neck dissection, which led to the diagnosis of lymph node metastasis (pN+/cN0) in 113 cases. Meta-analysis of the results of elective neck dissection showed an overall rate of occult metastases of 0.22 (99% CI: 0.14-0.30). Locally advanced or high-grade tumours were the commonest indications for elective neck dissection in the included studies. The most dissected lymph node levels were I-II-III, and level II was the commonest site of occult nodal metastases. Conclusions An occult metastasis rate of 0.22 (99% CI: 0.14-0.30) represents a not negligible percentage value, which should encourage further research to outline the most appropriate elective neck management in cN0 patients with parotid carcinomas.

Published
2021

28. Advanced lung cancer inflammation index and its prognostic value in HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a multicentre study

Author

Marco Benazzo, Roberto Di Carlo, Andrea Ciorba, Anna Menegaldo, Daniele Marchioni, Paolo Bossi, Chiara Bianchini, Piergiorgio Gaudioso, Giancarlo Tirelli, Gabriele Molteni, Jerry Polesel, Vittorio Giacomarra, Stefano Pelucchi, Daniele Borsetto, Piero Nicolai, Margherita Tofanelli, Mantegh Sethi, Cristoforo Fabbris, Fiordaliso Cragnolini, Simone Mauramati, Jonathan Fussey, Paolo Boscolo-Rizzo, Boscolo-Rizzo, Paolo [0000-0002-4635-7959], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Gaudioso, P., Borsetto, D., Tirelli, G., Tofanelli, M., Cragnolini, F., Menegaldo, A., Fabbris, C., Molteni, G., Marchioni, D., Nicolai, P., Bossi, P., Ciorba, A., Pelucchi, S., Bianchini, C., Mauramati, S., Benazzo, M., Giacomarra, V., Di Carlo, R., Sethi, M., Polesel, J., Fussey, J., and BOSCOLO RIZZO, Paolo

Subjects
Oncology, Male, Inflammatory indexes, medicine.medical_specialty, Lung Neoplasms, Survival, medicine.medical_treatment, Advanced lung cancer inflammation index, Head and neck cancer, Nutrition, Inflammatory indexe, Inflammation, Head and neck cancer, Nutrition, Advanced lung cancer inflammation index, Inflammatory indexes, Survival, NO, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, HPV Negative, medicine, Humans, Lung cancer, 030304 developmental biology, Aged, Retrospective Studies, 0303 health sciences, business.industry, Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck, Retrospective cohort study, Pneumonia, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Prognosis, Head and neck squamous-cell carcinoma, Progression-Free Survival, Female, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cohort, Original Article, medicine.symptom, business, Adjuvant
Abstract

Funder: Università degli Studi di Trieste, PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the prognostic value of pre-treatment advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) in patients with HPV-negative HNSCC undergoing up-front surgical treatment. METHODS: The present multi-centre, retrospective study was performed in a consecutive cohort of patients who underwent upfront surgery with or without adjuvant (chemo)-radiotherapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Patients were stratified by ALI, and survival outcomes were compared between groups. In addition, the prognostic value of ALI was compared with two other indices, the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and systemic inflammatory index (SIM). RESULTS: Two hundred twenty-three patients met the inclusion criteria (151 male and 72 female). Overall and progression-free survival were significantly predicted by ALI < 20.4 (HR 3.23, CI 1.51-6.90 for PFS and HR 3.41, CI 1.47-7.91 for OS). Similarly, PNI < 40.5 (HR = 2.43, 95% CI: 1.31-4.51 for PFS and HR = 2.40, 95% CI: 1.19-4.82 for OS) and SIM > 2.5 (HR = 2.51, 95% CI: 1.23-5.10 for PFS and HR = 2.60, 95% CI: 1.19-5.67 for OS) were found to be significant predictors. Among the three indices, ALI < 20.4 identified the patients with the worst 5-year outcomes. Moreover, patients with a combination of low PNI and low ALI resulted to be a better predictor of progression (HR = 5.26, 95% CI: 2.01-13.73) and death (HR = 5.68, 95% CI: 1.92-16.79) than low ALI and low PNI considered alone. CONCLUSIONS: Our results support the use of pre-treatment ALI, an easily measurable inflammatory/nutritional index, in daily clinical practice to improve prognostic stratification in surgically treated HPV-negative HNSCC.

Published
2021

29. Prognostic indicators in clinically node-negative malignant primary salivary tumours of the parotid: A multicentre experience

Author

Neil Sharma, Jiannis Hajiioannou, Piero Nicolai, Margherita Tofanelli, Roberta Colangeli, Andrea Galli, Mahmoud Elsayed, Athanasios Saratziotis, Maria Cristina Da Mosto, Daniele Borsetto, Patrick Long, Alberto Deganello, Paul Pracy, Diego Cazzador, Davide Lombardi, Kishan Ubayasiri, Michele Tomasoni, Jonathan Fussey, Stefano Pelucchi, Paul Nankivell, Cesare Piazza, Chiara Bianchini, Giancarlo Tirelli, Paolo Boscolo-Rizzo, Leone Giordano, Fussey, J., Tomasoni, M., Tirelli, G., Giordano, L., Galli, A., Colangeli, R., Cazzador, D., Tofanelli, M., Da Mosto, M. C., Bianchini, C., Pelucchi, S., Ubayasiri, K., Elsayed, M., Long, P., Saratziotis, A., Hajiioannou, J., Piazza, C., Deganello, A., Lombardi, D., Nicolai, Piero, Pracy, P., Sharma, N., Nankivell, P., Borsetto, D., Boscolo-Rizzo, Paolo, Fussey, Jonathan, Tomasoni, Michele, Tirelli, Giancarlo, Giordano, Leone, Galli, Andrea, Colangeli, Roberta, Cazzador, Diego, Tofanelli, Margherita, Da Mosto, Maria Cristina, Bianchini, Chiara, Pelucchi, Stefano, Ubayasiri, Kishan, Elsayed, Mahmoud, Long, Patrick, Saratziotis, Athanasio, Hajiioannou, Jianni, Piazza, Cesare, Deganello, Alberto, Lombardi, Davide, Pracy, Paul, Sharma, Neil, Nankivell, Paul, and Borsetto, Daniele

Subjects
Oncology, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, adenoid cystic, Lymphatic metastasis, mucoepidermoid, Neck dissection, Carcinoma, adenoid cystic, Carcinoma, mucoepidermoid, Parotid neoplasms, Prognosis, Humans, Middle Aged, Neck Dissection, Neoplasm Staging, Retrospective Studies, Parotid Neoplasms, Internal medicine, medicine, In patient, Stage (cooking), Lymphatic metastasi, business.industry, Nodal metastasis, Parotid neoplasm, Carcinoma, Histology, Occult, Node negative, Parotid cancer, Oral Surgery, business
Abstract

Objectives Nodal metastasis is an important prognosticator in primary parotid cancers. The management of the clinically node-negative neck is an area lacking consensus. This study investigates the occult nodal metastasis rate, and prognostic indicators in primary parotid cancers. Materials and methods We performed a multicentre retrospective case note review of patients diagnosed and treated surgically with curative intent between 1997 and 2020. Demographic, clinic-pathological and follow-up data was recorded. Results After exclusions, 334 patients were included for analysis, with a median follow-up of 48 months. The overall rate of occult lymph node metastasis amongst patients undergoing elective neck dissection was 22.4%, with older age, high-grade and more advanced primary tumours being associated with higher rates. On multivariable analysis, age ≥ 60 years (HR = 2.69, p = 0.004), high-grade tumours (HR = 2.70, p = 0.005) and advanced primary tumours (pT3-4, HR = 2.06, p = 0.038) were associated with worse overall survival. Occult nodal metastasis on final pathology was associated with a close-to-significant reduction in regional recurrence free survival (HR = 3.18, p = 0.076). Conclusion This large series confirms the significant occult lymph node metastasis rate in primary parotid cancer, and demonstrates the importance of primary histology, tumour grade and stage in predicting survival outcome. This data supports the use of elective neck dissection in patients with high-risk tumours.

Published
2021

30. Is oro/nasopharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV-2 detection a safe procedure? Complications observed among a case series of 4876 consecutive swabs

Author

Anna Menegaldo, Daniele Borsetto, Ananth Vijendren, Walter Cestaro, Daniele Frezza, Cristoforo Fabbris, Giacomo Spinato, Paolo Boscolo-Rizzo, Fabbris, C., Cestaro, W., Menegaldo, A., Spinato, G., Frezza, D., Vijendren, A., Borsetto, D., and BOSCOLO RIZZO, Paolo

Subjects
Adult, Male, 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Complications, Septal absce, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Oropharynx, Article, Epistaxi, COVID-19 Testing, Pandemic, Medicine, Humans, Viral, Pandemics, Aged, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, Septal abscess, COVID-19, Epistaxis, Nasopharyngeal swab, Female, Middle Aged, RNA, Viral, Virology, Otorhinolaryngology, RNA, business, Complication, Human
Abstract

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the Severe-Acute-Respiratory-Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has widely spread throughout the world since December 2019 . One of the main symptoms of COVID-19 is alteration of smell or taste, suggesting that high viral load can be found in the nose . CDC guidelines have recommended that diagnostic swabs should be performed in specific areas of the respiratory tract such as the nasopharynx, oropharynx, nasal turbinate, and anterior nares. Nasal and nasopharyngeal swabbing requires the introduction of a foreign body into a delicate area that can result in harm to the patient. In this paper we present the complications encountered in a series of health workers who underwent oro/nasopharyngeal swab for detection of SARS-CoV-2.

Published
2021

31. Self-reported alteration of sense of smell or taste in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis on 3563 patients

Author

D. Borsetto, C. Hopkins, V. Philips, R. Obholzer, G. Tirelli, J. Polesel, L. Calvanese, P. Boscolo-Rizzo, Borsetto, D, Hopkins, C, Philips, V, Obholzer, R, Tirelli, G, Polesel, J, and Boscolo-Rizzo, P

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Taste, Anosmia, Pneumonia, Viral, MEDLINE, Olfaction, Disease, Taste lo, 03 medical and health sciences, Betacoronavirus, Olfaction Disorders, Taste Disorders, 0302 clinical medicine, Olfaction Disorder, Internal medicine, medicine, Smell lo, Humans, Viral, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, Pandemics, Betacoronaviru, Pandemic, business.industry, Coronavirus Infection, SARS-CoV-2, Smell loss, COVID-19, General Medicine, Pneumonia, Ageusia, Checklist, Smell, Otorhinolaryngology, Meta-analysis, Self Report, medicine.symptom, business, Coronavirus Infections, Covid-19, Taste loss, Human
Abstract

Background Emerging reports suggest that new onset of smell or taste loss are potential early clinical markers of SARS-CoV-2 infection, but it remains unclear as to what extent. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to systematically assess the prevalence of self-reported altered sense of smell or taste in patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, overcoming the limitations of individual studies by meta-analysis of pooled data. Methods The databases Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus and MedRxiv's set were searched from inception to the 4th May 2020. This study was conducted following the PRISMA checklist. Results 18 studies met the eligibility criteria out of the 171 initially screened citations. The overall prevalence of alteration of the sense of smell or taste was 47% , but estimates were 31% and 67% in severe and mild-to-moderate symptomatic patients, respec- tively. The loss of smell and taste preceded other symptoms in 20% of cases and it was concomitant in 28%. Conclusions Based on this meta-analysis, we recommend self-isolation and testing, where possible, for patients complaining smell or taste impairment during COVID-19 pandemic in order to prevent spread of disease and propose the inclusion of loss of smell and taste as recognized symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 in the World Health Organization and other relevant regulatory body's lists.

Published
2020

32. Predominance of an altered sense of smell or taste among long-lasting symptoms in patients with mildly symptomatic COVID-19

Author

Anna Menegaldo, Jerry Polesel, Giacomo Spinato, Paolo Boscolo-Rizzo, Daniele Borsetto, Leonardo Calvanese, Cristoforo Fabbris, Claire Hopkins, Boscolo Rizzo, Paolo., Polesel, J., Spinato, G., Fabbris, C., Calvanese, L., Menegaldo, A., Borsetto, D., and Hopkins, C.

Subjects
Long lasting, Taste, medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Pneumonia, Viral, Disease, Olfaction, Betacoronavirus, Olfaction Disorders, Taste Disorders, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Olfaction Disorder, Internal medicine, Humans, Medicine, In patient, Viral, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, Pandemics, Pandemic, Coronavirus Infection, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, fungi, COVID-19, Pneumonia, General Medicine, Smell, Otorhinolaryngology, Taste disorder, Coronavirus Infections, business, Human
Abstract

There is mounting evidence that a new onset of altered sense of smell or taste is related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. In order to allow patients to recognize symptoms indicative of SARS-CoV-2 infection and self-isolate at the earliest opportunity, self-reported loss of smell and taste have greater value in controlling disease transmission than psychophysical testing, which is not widely available outside of highly specialized clinics.

Published
2020

33. Design of a study to investigate the mechanisms of obstructive sleep apnoea by means of drug-induced sleep endoscopy

Author

Piergiorgio Gaudioso, Martino F. Pengo, Valeria Bisogni, Mario Plebani, Alessandro Martini, Gian Paolo Rossi, Laura Brugnolo, Silvia Lerco, Giulio Ceolotto, Daniele Borsetto, Carlo Artusi, Rosario Marchese Ragona, Giuseppe Maiolino, Bisogni, V, Maiolino, G, Ceolotto, G, Pengo, M, Marchese Ragona, R, Artusi, C, Brugnolo, L, Lerco, S, Borsetto, D, Gaudioso, P, Martini, A, Plebani, M, and Rossi, G

Subjects
Adult, Male, Sympathetic nervous system, medicine.medical_specialty, obstructive sleep apnoea, catechol-O-methyltransferase, Clinical Biochemistry, Hemodynamics, Pilot Projects, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Catechol O-Methyltransferase, Plasma renin activity, Endothelial activation, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Catecholamines, Internal medicine, Renin–angiotensin system, Renin, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, drug-induced sleep endoscopy, endothelin-1, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, sympathetic nervous system, Protein Precursors, Aldosterone, Sleep Apnea, Obstructive, Catechol-O-methyl transferase, business.industry, Biochemistry (medical), Endoscopy, General Medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, Research Design, Cardiology, medicine.symptom, business, Sleep, Hypercapnia
Abstract

Background Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is an independent risk factor of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. Recurrent episodes of upper airways collapse during sleep causing blood oxygen desaturation, hypercapnia, and micro-arousals, are known to activate the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). However, whether changes in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and endothelial activation also occur remains contentious. Methods Based on routine use of drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) for the work-up of OSA patients in our centre, we designed a prospective study to investigate the haemodynamic and humoral changes occurring during the apnoeic episodes reproduced in vivo in the course of DISE. Specifically, plasma aldosterone concentration and renin activity, C-terminal fragment of proendothelin-1, as a marker of endothelial damage, and free plasma catecholamines, will be measured at fixed times during DISE. The activity of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), a key catecholamine-inactivating enzyme that has been scantly investigated thus far owing to the lack of commercially available kits, will be also determined by a newly developed high performance liquid chromatography method, which is herein described. Results and conclusions The aim of this study is to provide novel information on the haemodynamic, hormonal, and SNS changes, and also on COMT activity modification concomitantly occurring during apnoea, thus contributing substantively to the understanding of the pathophysiology of OSA.

Published
2019

34. Association between hepatitis C and B viruses and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Author

Jonathan Fussey, Daniele Borsetto, Paolo Boscolo-Rizzo, Elisa Vian, Anna Menegaldo, Giacomo Spinato, Valeria Biscaro, Roberto Rigoli, Maria Cristina Da Mosto, Sara Donà, Jerry Polesel, Dona, S., Borsetto, D., Fussey, J., Biscaro, V., Vian, E., Spinato, G., Menegaldo, A., Da Mosto, M. C., Rigoli, R., Polesel, J., and Boscolo-Rizzo, P.

Subjects
Adult, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Oncology, Hepatitis B virus, medicine.medical_specialty, Epidemiology, 030106 microbiology, Hepacivirus, Antibodies, Viral, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Hepatitis B, Chronic, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Virology, Internal medicine, Prevalence, medicine, Carcinoma, Humans, Hepatitis C infection, 030212 general & internal medicine, Head and neck cancer, Case-control study, Hepatitis B infection, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Hepatitis, Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck, business.industry, Incidence, Hepatitis C, Hepatitis C, Chronic, Middle Aged, Hepatitis B, medicine.disease, Head and neck squamous-cell carcinoma, Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, stomatognathic diseases, Infectious Diseases, Italy, Head and Neck Neoplasms, Case-Control Studies, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Female, business
Abstract

Background Hepatitis B and C viruses are known to be carcinogenic and have been associated with the development of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma as well as hepatocellular carcinoma. The incidence of head and neck cancer is increasing worldwide, and early diagnosis is vital in order to achieve good oncological outcomes. Objectives To investigate the association between chronic hepatitis B and C infection, and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Study design We performed a retrospective case control study with 774 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients undergoing treatment, and 1518 cancer-free controls undergoing hernia surgery. Hepatitis B and C serologies were tested prior to treatment, and cases and controls were age- and sex-matched before analysing rates of infection. Results HNSCC patients were more likely than controls to have evidence of chronic hepatitis B (OR = 2.76; CI 95 %, 1.64–4.64) and hepatitis C (OR = 2.59; 95 % CI, 1.46–4.60) infection. No substantial association was found between hepatitis B and C infection and other known risk factors for head and neck cancer. Conclusions These findings suggest a positive association between both hepatitis B and hepatitis C chronic infection, and HNSCC. More work is needed to establish a causal role, however an awareness of the possibility of increased risk of HNSCC may lead to earlier diagnosis and better outcomes in patients with hepatitis B and C.

Published
2019

35. Taste disturbance following cochlear implantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author

Fitzgerald M, Fleet A, Tomasoni M, Phillips V, Donnelly N, Axon P, Tysome J, Smith M, Bance M, Boscolo-Rizzo P, and Borsetto D

Abstract

Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the rate of taste disturbance following cochlear implantation., Methods: The review was designed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Included studies psychophysically measured taste. DerSimonian and Laird random-effects models were used. An overall mean from studies reporting a single mean of taste strip performance was calculated using inverse variance method for pooling., Results: Of 380 studies identified, 9 were included across which 55 cases of postoperative taste disturbance were reported in 498 patients. Taste was tested at variable timepoints, from <1 week to ≥6 months postoperatively. The overall rate of postoperative taste disturbance was 13.5% (95% CI, 7.6-20.7%) with high heterogeneity between studies (I 2  = 62%)., Discussion: 13.5% might indicate a higher prevalence of taste disturbance following cochlear implantation compared to the general population. However, the confidence we can assign to our calculated rate is limited by significant heterogeneity and potential publication bias. Studies reporting mean taste strip scores generally found reduced taste function on the side of the tongue ipsilateral to implantation, but this reduction wasn't statistically significant., Conclusion: Further research, employing more robust and standardised methodologies, is necessary to accurately ascertain the rate and nature of taste disturbance following cochlear implantation.

Published
2024
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36. Cochlear implant cost analysis in adults: a European narrative review.

Author

Gatto A, Tofanelli M, Valentinuz G, Mascherin A, Costariol L, Rizzo S, Borsetto D, Boscolo-Rizzo P, and Tirelli G

Subjects
Humans, Europe, Adult, Cochlear Implantation economics, Cochlear Implants economics, Cost-Benefit Analysis
Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to provide an updated European narrative review spanning the last decade, focusing on the cost-effectiveness of cochlear implants (CIs) for adults with severe to profound post-lingual hearing loss., Methods: This review encompasses both prospective and retrospective approaches, as well as cross-sectional and longitudinal trials conducted on CIs in adults. All studies related to European countries (Austria, Germany, Switzerland, the Netherlands, Sweden, the UK and Poland) were conducted in English and were published between 2012 and June 2023., Results: Nine studies were included in the analysis. The patients' ages ranged from 18 years to over 67 years, with sample sizes ranging from 20 to 100 patients; two of these studies were focused on single-sided deafness in adults. The Markov model was identified as the most commonly utilized analysis method., Conclusions: This review identified a general consensus on CI cost-effectiveness, despite substantial variability among countries in factors such as observation time horizons, cost-effectiveness thresholds, methods of cost collection, discount rates, CI eligibility criteria and country-specific health systems. Generally, CIs yield positive societal benefits for working-age individuals, potentially less for seniors. Early unilateral CI enhances cost-effectiveness, highlighting the importance of prompt candidate identification. A consistent undersupply of CIs relative to the percentage of potential recipients emerged across countries. Therefore, further investigation into subcategories such as single-sided deafness is warranted, along with country-specific cost analyses. Emphasizing the significance of detailed information on health systems and associated costs and benefits is crucial for facilitating comparisons across different settings., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Published
2024
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37. Endoscopic-assisted transorbital extended orbital exenteration: A multi-institutional preclinical study.

Author

Roccuzzo G, Vyskocil E, Hirtler L, Kandathil SA, Peris-Celda M, Agosti E, Kuan EC, Wang EW, Leong S, Sharma R, Borsetto D, Herman P, Vinciguerra A, Verillaud B, Bresson D, Taboni S, Erovic BM, Vural A, Dallan I, Doglietto F, Schreiber A, Mattavelli D, Rampinelli V, Arosio AD, Battaglia P, Valentini M, Turri-Zanoni M, Pozzi F, Volpi L, Bignami M, Castelnuovo P, Nicolai P, and Ferrari M

Subjects
Humans, Surveys and Questionnaires, Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms surgery, Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms pathology, Orbital Neoplasms surgery, Female, Male, Neoplasm Invasiveness pathology, Endoscopy methods, Orbit Evisceration, Feasibility Studies
Abstract

Background: Sinonasal malignancies with orbital invasion have dismal prognosis even when treated with orbital exenteration (OE). Sugawara et al. developed a surgical strategy called "extended-OE (EOE)," showing encouraging outcomes. We hypothesized that a similar resection is achievable under endoscopic guidance through the exenterated orbit (endoscopic-EOE)., Methods: The study was conducted in three institutions: University of Vienna; Mayo Clinic; University of Insubria; 48 orbital dissections were performed. A questionnaire was developed to evaluate feasibility and safety of each step, scoring from 1 to 10, ("impossible" to "easy," and "high risk" to "low risk," respectively), most likely complication(s) were hypothesized., Results: The step-by-step technique is thoroughly described. The questionnaire was answered by 25 anterior skull base surgeons from six countries. Mean, median, range, and interquartile range of both feasibility and safety scores are reported., Conclusions: Endoscopic-EOE is a challenging but feasible procedure. Clinical validation is required to assess real-life outcomes., (© 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

Published
2024
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39. Immunosuppression in stem cell clinical trials of neural and retinal cell types: A systematic review.

Author

Gowrishankar S, Smith ME, Creber N, Muzaffar J, and Borsetto D

Subjects
Humans, Retina immunology, Immunosuppressive Agents therapeutic use, Clinical Trials as Topic, Stem Cell Transplantation methods, Immunosuppression Therapy methods
Abstract

Background: Pharmacologic immunosuppression regimes are commonly employed in stem cell clinical trials to mitigate host immune rejection and promote survival and viability of transplanted cells. Immunosuppression and cell survival has been extensively studied in retinal and spinal tissues. The applicability of stem cell therapy is rapidly expanding to other sensory organs such as the ear and hearing. As regenerative therapy is directed to new areas, a greater understanding of immunosuppression strategies and their efficacy is required to facilitate translation to organ-specific biologic microenvironments., Objective: This systematic review appraises the current literature regarding immunosuppression strategies employed in stem cell trials of retinal and neural cells., Methods: This systematic review was performed in line with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Inclusion criteria included studies presenting data on neural or retinal cells as part of an in-human clinical trial that detailed the immunosuppression regime used. Exclusion criteria included non-English language studies, animal studies, review articles, case reports, editorials, and letters. The databases Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception to February 2024. Risk of bias was evaluated using the ROBINS-I tool., Results: Eighteen articles fit the inclusion criteria. Nine articles concerned retinal cells, 5 concerned spinal cord injury, and 4 concerned amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. A multi-drug and short-term immunosuppression regime were commonly employed in the identified studies. Detected immune responses in treated patients were rare. Common immunosuppression paradigms included tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil and tapering doses of steroids. Local immunosuppression with steroids was employed in some studies concerning retinal diseases., Discussion: A short-term course of systemic immunosuppression seemed efficacious for most included studies, with some showing grafted cells viable months to years after immunosuppression had stopped. Longer-term follow-up is required to see if this remains the case. Side effects related to immunosuppression were uncommon., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2024 Gowrishankar et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)

Published
2024
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40. Late-onset, progressive sensorineural hearing loss in the paediatric population: a systematic review.

Author

Corazzi V, Fordington S, Brown TH, Donnelly N, Bewick J, Ehsani D, Pelucchi S, Bianchini C, Ciorba A, and Borsetto D

Subjects
Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Age of Onset, Cytomegalovirus Infections complications, Cytomegalovirus Infections diagnosis, Disease Progression, Risk Factors, Hearing Loss, Sensorineural diagnosis, Hearing Loss, Sensorineural etiology, Hearing Loss, Sensorineural epidemiology, Neonatal Screening
Abstract

Purpose: To review possible risk factors for permanent delayed-onset, progressive sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in the paediatric population to recommend follow-up protocols for early detection., Methods: PRISMA-compliant systematic review was performed, including observational studies on the paediatric population up to 16 years old who have passed the newborn hearing screening programme (NHSP), investigating the development of late-onset, progressive SNHL. Electronic searches were performed through Medline, Embase, Cochrane, and Emcare., Results: 37 studies were included. 21 showed an association between late-onset SNHL and congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection (age at hearing loss diagnosis 0.75 to 204 months, mean 45.6 ± 43.9), while 16 between late-onset SNHL and other congenital or perinatal factors, namely Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) stay, prematurity, neonatal respiratory failure, mechanical ventilation, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support, hypocapnia, hypoxia, alkalosis, seizure activity, congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), inner ear malformation, and gene mutations (age at hearing loss diagnosis 2.5 to 156 months, mean 38.7 ± 40.7)., Conclusions: cCMV infection may cause late-onset SNHL, which can be missed on standard NHSP. There is, therefore, evidence to support universal screening programmes to enable detection in even asymptomatic neonates. Ongoing audiological follow-up for all children with cCMV is advisable, to enable timely treatment. In the paediatric population presenting conditions such as NICU stay > 5 days, prematurity ≤ 34 weeks gestation, severe neonatal respiratory failure, mechanical ventilation, ECMO support, and CDH surgery, an audiological follow-up from 3 months of age up to at least 3-4 years of age, and at least annually, should be recommended., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

Published
2024
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41. Intraoperative surgical navigation as a precision medicine tool in sinonasal and craniofacial oncologic surgery.

Author

Gaudioso P, Contro G, Taboni S, Costantino P, Visconti F, Sozzi M, Borsetto D, Sharma R, De Almeida J, Verillaud B, Vinciguerra A, Carsuzaa F, Thariat J, Vural A, Schreiber A, Mattavelli D, Rampinelli V, Battaglia P, Turri-Zanoni M, Karligkiotis A, Pistochini A, Arosio AD, Lambertoni A, Nair D, Dallan I, Bonomo P, Molteni M, El Khouzai B, Busato F, Zanoletti E, Krengli M, Orlandi E, Nicolai P, and Ferrari M

Subjects
Humans, Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms surgery, Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms pathology, Female, Male, Biopsy methods, Middle Aged, Precision Medicine methods, Surgery, Computer-Assisted methods
Abstract

Introduction: Recent evidence supports the efficacy of surgical navigation (SN) in improving outcomes of sinonasal and craniofacial oncologic surgery. This study aims to demonstrate the utility of SN as a tool for integrating surgical, radiologic, and pathologic information. Additionally, a system for recording and mapping biopsy samples has been devised to facilitate sharing of spatial information., Materials and Methods: SN was utilized for biopsy mapping in 10 sinonasal/craniofacial oncologic procedures. Twenty-five raters with experience in anterior skull base oncology were interviewed to identify 15 anatomical structures in preoperative imaging, relying on topographical descriptions and surgical video clips. The difference in the localization of anatomical structures by raters was analyzed, using the SN-mapped coordinates as a reference (this difference was defined as spatial error)., Results: The analysis revealed an average spatial error of 9.0 mm (95 % confidence interval: 8.3-9.6 mm), with significant differences between surgeons and radiation oncologists (7.9 mm vs 12.5 mm, respectively, p < 0.0001). The proposed model for transferring SN-mapped coordinates can serve as a tool for consultation in multidisciplinary discussions and radiotherapy planning., Conclusions: The current standard method to evaluate disease extension and margin status is associated with a spatial error approaching 1 cm, which could affect treatment precision and outcomes. The study emphasizes the potential of SN in increasing spatial precision and information sharing. Further research is needed to incorporate this method into a multidisciplinary workflow and measure its impact on outcomes., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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42. A Multicenter Validity Study of Four Smartphone Hearing Test Apps in Optimized and Home Environments.

Author

Swords C, Twumasi E, Fitzgerald M, Fitzsimons-West E, Luo M, Dunne H, Lim KH, Jones O, Law S, Myuran T, Smith G, Tailor BV, Wakelam O, de Cates C, Borsetto D, Tysome J, Donnelly N, Axon P, Bance M, and Smith ME

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Young Adult, Auditory Threshold physiology, Feasibility Studies, Hearing Loss diagnosis, Prospective Studies, Reproducibility of Results, Audiometry, Pure-Tone instrumentation, Audiometry, Pure-Tone methods, Mobile Applications, Smartphone
Abstract

Objective: Pure tone audiometry (PTA) is the gold standard for hearing assessment. However, it requires access to specialized equipment. Smartphone audiometry applications (apps) have been developed to perform automated threshold audiometry and could allow patients to perform self-administered screening or monitoring. This study aimed to assess the validity and feasibility of patients using apps to self-assess hearing thresholds at home, with comparison to PTA., Methods: A multi-center, prospective randomized study was conducted amongst patients undergoing PTA in clinics. Participants were randomly allocated to one of four publicly-available apps designed to measure pure tone thresholds. Participants used an app once in optimal sound-treated conditions and a further three times at home. Ear-specific frequency-specific thresholds and pure tone average were compared using Pearson correlation coefficient. The percentage of app hearing tests with results within ±10 dB of PTA was calculated. Patient acceptability was assessed via an online survey., Results: One hundred thirty-nine participants submitted data. The results of two at-home automated smartphone apps correlated strongly/very strongly with PTA average and their frequency-specific median was within ±10 dB accuracy. Smartphone audiometry performed in sound-treated and home conditions were very strongly correlated. The apps were rated as easy/very easy to use by 90% of participants and 90% would be happy/very happy to use an app to monitor their hearing., Conclusion: Judicious use of self-performed smartphone audiometry was both valid and feasible for two of four apps. It could provide frequency-specific threshold estimates at home, potentially allowing assessments of patients remotely or monitoring of fluctuating hearing loss., Level of Evidence: 2 Laryngoscope, 134:2864-2870, 2024., (© 2024 The Authors. The Laryngoscope published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The American Laryngological, Rhinological and Otological Society, Inc.)

Published
2024
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43. Multi-Magnet Cochlear Implant Technology and Magnetic Resonance Imaging: The Safety Issue.

Author

Canzi P, Carlotto E, Zanoletti E, Frijns JHM, Borsetto D, Caruso A, Chiapparini L, Ciorba A, Conte G, Creber N, Criscuolo S, Di Lella F, Franchella S, Hensen EF, Lauda L, Malpede S, Mandalà M, Rotteveel LJC, Simoncelli A, Stellato AC, Zanetti D, and Benazzo M

Abstract

Despite the spread of novel-generation cochlear-implant (CI) magnetic systems, access to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for CI recipients is still limited due to safety concerns. The aim of this study is to assess and record the experiences of Hires Ultra 3D (Advanced Bionics) recipients who underwent an MRI examination. A multicentric European survey about this topic was conducted focusing on safety issues, and the results were compared with the current literature. We collected a total of 65 MRI scans performed in 9 otologic referral centers for a total of 47 Hires Ultra 3D recipients, including, for the first time, 2 children and 3 teenagers. Preventive measures were represented by scanning time and sedation for children. Head wrapping was used in eight cases, and six of the eight cases received local anesthesia, even if both measures were not needed. Only three patients complained of pain (3/65 examinations, 4.6%) due to the tight head bandage, and one of the three cases required MRI scan interruption. No other adverse events were reported. We believe that these results should encourage MRI execution in accordance with manufacturer recommendations for Ultra 3D recipients.

Published
2024
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44. Temporal bone management in external and middle ear carcinoma.

Author

Gowrishankar S, Borsetto D, Marinelli J, and Panizza B

Subjects
Humans, Neoplasm Staging, Temporal Bone surgery, Ear, Middle surgery, Ear Neoplasms pathology, Ear Neoplasms surgery, Carcinoma pathology
Abstract

Purpose of Review: The purpose of this review is to outline the temporal bone management of external and middle ear carcinoma. The review will outline the current evidence involved in deciding which surgical approach to take, as well as new advances in auditory rehabilitation and immunotherapy., Recent Findings: Traditional surgical approaches include lateral temporal bone resection, subtotal temporal bone resection and total temporal bone resection. They can also involve parotidectomy and neck dissection depending on extension of disease into these areas. Options for auditory rehabilitation include osseointegrated hearing aids, transcutaneous bone-conduction implants, and active middle ear implants. Recent advances in immunotherapy have included the use of anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibodies., Summary: The mainstay of management of temporal bone disease involves surgical resection. Early-stage tumours classified according to the Pittsburgh staging tool can often be treated with lateral temporal bone resection, whereas late-stage tumours might need subtotal or total temporal bone resection. Parotidectomy and neck dissection might also be indicated if there is a risk of occult regional disease. Recent advances in immunotherapy have been promising, particularly around anti-PD-1 inhibitors. However, larger clinical trials will be required to test the extent of efficacy, particularly around combination use with surgery., (Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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46. A scoping review on the clinical effectiveness of Trans-Impedance Matrix (TIM) measurements in detecting extracochlear electrodes and tip fold overs in Cochlear Ltd devices.

Author

Ayas M, Muzaffar J, Borsetto D, Eitutis S, Phillips V, Tam YC, Salorio-Corbetto M, and Bance ML

Subjects
Humans, Cochlea surgery, Electric Impedance, Electrodes, Implanted, Treatment Outcome, Cochlear Implantation methods, Cochlear Implants
Abstract

Background: Extrusion of electrodes outside the cochlea and tip fold overs may lead to suboptimal outcomes in cochlear implant (CI) recipients. Intraoperative measures such as Trans-Impedance Matrix (TIM) measurements may enable clinicians to identify electrode malposition and direct surgeons to correctly place the electrode array during surgery., Objectives: To assess the current literature on the effectiveness of TIM measurements in identifying extracochlear electrodes and tip fold overs., Methods: A scoping review of studies on TIM-based measurements were carried out using the Databases-Medline/PubMed, AMED, EMBASE, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library following PRISMA guidelines. Eleven full texts articles met the inclusion criteria. Only human studies pertaining to TIM as a tool used in CI were included in the review. Further, patient characteristics, electrode design, and TIM measurement outcomes were reported., Results: TIM measurements were available for 550 implanted ears with the subjects age ranged between 9 months to 89 years. Abnormal TIM measurements were reported for 6.55% (36). Tip fold over was detected in 3.64% (20) of the cases, extracochlear electrodes in 1.45% (8), and 1.45% (8) were reported as buckling. Slim-modiolar electrode array designs were more common (54.71%) than pre-curved (23.34%) or lateral wall (21.95%) electrode array. Abnormal cochlear anatomy was reported for five ears (0.89%), with normal cochlear anatomy for all other patients., Conclusion: TIM measurement is a promising tool for the intraoperative detection of electrode malposition. TIM measurement has a potential to replace intraoperative imaging in future. Though, TIM measurement is in its early stages of clinical utility, intuitive normative data sets coupled with standardised criteria for detection of abnormal electrode positioning would enhance its sensitivity., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2024 Ayas et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)

Published
2024
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47. Blood Markers Predicting Clinically Occult Lymph Node Metastasis in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Author

Gaudioso P, Borsetto D, Polesel J, Tirelli G, Emanuelli E, Menegaldo A, Molteni G, Nicolai P, Tomasoni M, Montenegro C, Piazza C, Bossi P, Ciorba A, Canzi P, Giacomarra V, Giudici F, Fussey J, and Boscolo-Rizzo P

Subjects
Humans, Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck pathology, Lymphatic Metastasis pathology, Retrospective Studies, Prognosis, Lymph Nodes pathology, Lymphocytes pathology, Head and Neck Neoplasms pathology
Abstract

Introduction: The presence of cervical lymph node metastases is an unfavorable prognostic factor in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and a potential cause of treatment failure. Occult lymph node metastasis occurs in approximately 15-20% of HNSCC patients with a clinically negative neck (cN0), greatly impacting on their prognosis. The present study aimed to investigate the role of pre-treatment peripheral blood markers in predicting clinically occult cervical lymph node metastasis., Methods: This multicenter, retrospective study was performed in a cohort of 472 patients diagnosed with cN0 HNSCC who underwent up-front surgery. Baseline neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), systemic inflammatory marker (SIM), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) were calculated from available blood parameters., Results: Oro-hypopharyngeal and oral cancers, locally advanced stage, moderately (G2), and poorly (G3) differentiated grade were associated with an increased risk of pathological lymph node involvement. NLR, LMR, PLR, SIM, and SII were significantly associated at multivariable analysis. NLR &gt;2.12 was the most reliable at predicting occult lymph node metastasis (OR = 5.22; 95% CI: 2.14-12.75). We describe a predictive score integrating cancer site, local stage, and NLR which is effective at predicting positive lymph node pathological status., Conclusions: The present study provides evidence that pre-treatment peripheral blood markers, in particular NLR, represent reliable predictors of clinically occult cervical lymph node metastasis in cN0 HNSCC. Therefore, the present study provides a novel useful predictive score for directing the elective management of the neck in patients with cN0 HNSCC., (© 2023 S. Karger AG, Basel.)

Published
2024
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48. Reported baseline variables in transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenoma over a 30 year period: a systematic review.

Author

Layard Horsfall H, Loh RTS, Venkatesh A, Khan DZ, Lawrence A, Jayapalan R, Koulouri O, Borsetto D, Santarius T, Gurnell M, Dorward N, Mannion R, Marcus HJ, and Kolias AG

Subjects
Humans, Prospective Studies, Retrospective Studies, Treatment Outcome, Adenoma surgery, Adenoma pathology, Pituitary Neoplasms surgery, Pituitary Neoplasms pathology
Abstract

Purpose: Heterogeneous reporting in baseline variables in patients undergoing transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenoma precludes meaningful meta-analysis. We therefore examined trends in reported baseline variables, and degree of heterogeneity of reported variables in 30 years of literature., Methods: A systematic review of PubMed and Embase was conducted on studies that reported outcomes for transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenoma 1990-2021. The protocol was registered a priori and adhered to the PRISMA statement. Full-text studies in English with > 10 patients (prospective), > 500 patients (retrospective), or randomised trials were included., Results: 178 studies were included, comprising 427,659 patients: 52 retrospective (29%); 118 prospective (66%); 9 randomised controlled trials (5%). The majority of studies were published in the last 10 years (71%) and originated from North America (38%). Most studies described patient demographics, such as age (165 studies, 93%) and sex (164 studies, 92%). Ethnicity (24%) and co-morbidities (25%) were less frequently reported. Clinical baseline variables included endocrine (60%), ophthalmic (34%), nasal (7%), and cognitive (5%). Preoperative radiological variables were described in 132 studies (74%). MRI alone was the most utilised imaging modality (67%). Further specific radiological baseline variables included: tumour diameter (52 studies, 39%); tumour volume (28 studies, 21%); cavernous sinus invasion (53 studies, 40%); Wilson Hardy grade (25 studies, 19%); Knosp grade (36 studies, 27%)., Conclusions: There is heterogeneity in the reporting of baseline variables in patients undergoing transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenoma. This review supports the need to develop a common data element to facilitate meaningful comparative research, trial design, and reduce research inefficiency., (© 2023. The Author(s).)

Published
2023
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49. Evaluating long-term smell or taste dysfunction in mildly symptomatic COVID-19 patients: a 3-year follow-up study.

Author

Boscolo-Rizzo P, Spinato G, Hopkins C, Marzolino R, Cavicchia A, Zucchini S, Borsetto D, Lechien JR, Vaira LA, and Tirelli G

Subjects
Adult, Humans, Smell, Follow-Up Studies, SARS-CoV-2, RNA, Viral, Taste Disorders epidemiology, Taste Disorders etiology, Taste, COVID-19 complications, COVID-19 epidemiology, Olfaction Disorders diagnosis, Olfaction Disorders epidemiology, Olfaction Disorders etiology
Abstract

Introduction: No studies have reported data on 3-year prevalence and recovery rates of self-reported COVID-19-related olfactory and gustatory dysfunction. The aim of the present study was to estimate the 3-year prevalence and recovery rate of self-reported COVID-19-related chemosensory dysfunction in a cohort of patients with antecedent mild COVID-19., Methods: This is a prospective observational study, measuring the prevalence of altered sense of smell or taste at follow-up and their variation from baseline, on adult patients consecutively assessed at Treviso and Trieste University Hospitals, who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA by polymerase chain reaction during March 2020., Results: Overall, out of 403 respondents, 267 patients (66.3%) reported an altered sense of smell or taste (SNOT-22 > 0) at baseline, while 56 (13.9%), 29 (7.2%), and 21 (5.2%) reported such alterations at 6-24 months, 2 years, and 3 years, respectively. Among the 267 patients with COVID-19-associated smell or taste dysfunction at baseline, 246 (92.1%) reported complete resolution at 3 years. Of the patients who still experienced smell or taste dysfunction 2 years after COVID-19, 27.6% and 37.9% recovered completely and partially, respectively, at the 3-year follow-up., Conclusion: Among subjects with antecedent mildly symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection, the 3-year prevalence and recovery rate of COVID-19-related alteration in sense of smell or taste was 5% and 92%, respectively. In approximately two-thirds of patients experiencing chemosensory dysfunction still 2 years after COVID-19, it is still possible to observe a delayed complete or partial recovery after a period of 3 years, while the remaining one-third of individuals continues to have unchanged persistent chemosensory alteration., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

Published
2023
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50. Antibiotics versus non-antibiotic treatments for acute otitis externa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author

Di Traglia R, Tudor-Green B, Muzaffar J, Borsetto D, and Smith ME

Subjects
Adult, Child, Humans, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Inflammation, Acute Disease, Steroids, Otitis Externa drug therapy, Anti-Infective Agents, Local therapeutic use
Abstract

Background: Otitis externa is a condition causing inflammation of the outer ear canal, which presents with itching, discharge and pain. Most cases of acute otitis externa are caused by bacterial infection and are thus treated with antibiotics. This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials aims to assess the effectiveness of topical non-antibiotic treatments compared to topical antibiotic treatment for the treatment of acute otitis externa., Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis databases searched: Cochrane Library including ClinicalTrials.gov; MEDLINE; World Health Organisation International Clinical Trials Registry Platform and Web of Science to identify randomised clinical trials evaluating topical antibiotics and topical non-antibiotic agents in adults and children with acute otitis externa. Non-antibiotic therapeutics for comparison with topical antibiotics included antiseptics, steroids, non-pharmaceuticals and astringents., Results: Seventeen trials were eligible for inclusion, with 10 combined in meta-analysis. Data could be pooled comparing antiseptic and steroid monotherapies with topical antibiotic agents. There were no significant differences in cure rates in any pairwise comparisons. Individually, the majority of studies favoured topical antiseptics or steroids over antibiotics, however these differences were not significant when pooled in meta-analysis., Conclusion: Antiseptic, steroid and antibiotic monotherapies are all effective for the management of acute otitis externa. There is insufficient evidence to suggest that topical antiseptic or steroid agents are superior or inferior to topical antibiotics., (© 2023 The Authors. Clinical Otolaryngology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Published
2023
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