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2. G4CMP: Condensed Matter Physics Simulation Using the Geant4 Toolkit

Author

Kelsey, M. H., Agnese, R., Alam, Y. F., Langroudy, I. Ataee, Azadbakht, E., Brandt, D., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Chang, Y. -Y., Coombes, H., Cormier, R. M., Diamond, M. D., Edwards, E. R., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Gao, J., Harrington, P. M., Hong, Z., Hui, M., Kurinsky, N. A., Lawrence, R. E., Loer, B., Masten, M. G., Michaud, E., Michielin, E., Miller, J., Novati, V., Oblath, N. S., Orrell, J. L., Perry, W. L., Redl, P., Reynolds, T., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Serniak, K., Singh, J., Speaks, Z., Stanford, C., Stevens, J. R., Strube, J., Toback, D., Ullom, J. N., VanDevender, B. A., Vissers, M. R., Wilson, M. J., Wilson, J. S., Zatschler, B., and Zatschler, S.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Quantum Physics
Abstract

G4CMP simulates phonon and charge transport in cryogenic semiconductor crystals using the Geant4 toolkit. The transport code is capable of simulating the propagation of acoustic phonons as well as electron and hole charge carriers. Processes for anisotropic phonon propagation, oblique charge-carrier propagation, and phonon emission by accelerated charge carriers are included. The simulation reproduces theoretical predictions and experimental observations such as phonon caustics, heat-pulse propagation times, and mean charge-carrier drift velocities. In addition to presenting the physics and features supported by G4CMP, this report outlines example applications from the dark matter and quantum information science communities. These communities are applying G4CMP to model and design devices for which the energy transported by phonons and charge carriers is germane to the performance of superconducting instruments and circuits placed on silicon and germanium substrates. The G4CMP package is available to download from GitHub: github.com/kelseymh/G4CMP., Comment: 21 pages, 11 figures, 10 tables

Published
2023
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4. Mitochondrial dysfunction at the cornerstone of inflammatory exacerbation in aged macrophages

Author

Rafael Moura Maurmann, Brenda Landvoigt Schmitt, Negin Mosalmanzadeh, and Brandt D. Pence

Subjects
immunometabolism, senescence, mtdna, cgas-sting, nad, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract

Immunosenescence encompasses multiple age-related adaptations that result in increased susceptibility to infections, chronic inflammatory disorders, and higher mortality risk. Macrophages are key innate cells implicated in inflammatory responses and tissue homeostasis, functions progressively compromised by aging. This process coincides with declining mitochondrial physiology, whose integrity is required to sustain and orchestrate immune responses. Indeed, multiple insults observed in aged macrophages have been implied as drivers of mitochondrial dysfunction, but how this translates into impaired immune function remains sparsely explored. This review provides a perspective on recent studies elucidating the underlying mechanisms linking dysregulated mitochondria homeostasis to immune function in aged macrophages. Genomic stress alongside defective mitochondrial turnover accounted for the progressive accumulation of damaged mitochondria in aged macrophages, thus resulting in a higher susceptibility to excessive mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) leakage and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Increased levels of these mitochondrial products following infection were demonstrated to contribute to exacerbated inflammatory responses mediated by overstimulation of NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and cyclic GMP-ATP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathways. While these mechanisms are not fully elucidated, the present evidence provides a promising area to be explored and a renewed perspective of potential therapeutic targets for immunological dysfunction.

Published
2023
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9. Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein and Its Role in Immunometabolism.

Author

Mosalmanzadeh, Negin and Pence, Brandt D.

Subjects
*IMMUNOLOGY of inflammation, *LDL cholesterol, *FOAM cells, *CELL physiology, *IMMUNE response
Abstract

Modified cholesterols such as oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL) contribute to atherosclerosis and other disorders through the promotion of foam cell formation and inflammation. In recent years, it has become evident that immune cell responses to inflammatory molecules such as OxLDLs depend on cellular metabolic functions. This review examines the known effects of OxLDL on immunometabolism and immune cell responses in atherosclerosis and several other diseases. We additionally provide context on the relationship between OxLDL and aging/senescence and identify gaps in the literature and our current understanding in these areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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11. Recent developments and future perspectives in aging and macrophage immunometabolism

Author

Brandt D. Pence

Subjects
aging, immunometabolism, macrophage, monocyte, mitochondrial function, nad+, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Aging is the strongest contributor to the development and severity of many chronic and infectious diseases, primarily through age-related increases in low-grade inflammation (inflammaging) and decreases in immune function (immunosenescence). Metabolic reprogramming in immune cells is a significant contributor to functional and phenotypic changes in these cells, but little is known about the direct effect of aging on immunometabolism. This review highlights several recent advances in this field, focusing on mitochondrial dysfunction, NAD+ metabolism, and therapeutic reprogramming in aged monocytes and macrophages. Perspectives on opportunities for future research in this area are also provided. Targeting immunometabolism is a promising strategy for designing therapeutics for a wide variety of age-related diseases.

Published
2021
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12. Improved WIMP-search reach of the CDMS II germanium data

Author

Agnese, R., Anderson, A. J., Asai, M., Balakishiyeva, D., Barker, D., Thakur, R. Basu, Bauer, D. A., Billard, J., Borgland, A., Bowles, M. A., Brandt, D., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Caldwell, D. O., Calkins, R., Cerdeño, D. G., Chagani, H., Chen, Y., Cooley, J., Cornell, B., Crewdson, C. H., Cushman, P., Daal, M., Di Stefano, P. C. F., Doughty, T., Esteban, L., Fallows, S., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Godfrey, G. L., Golwala, S. R., Hall, J., Harris, H. R., Hertel, S. A., Hofer, T., Holmgren, D., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Jardin, D., Jastram, A., Kamaev, O., Kara, B., Kelsey, M. H., Kennedy, A., Kiveni, M., Koch, K., Leder, A., Loer, B., Asamar, E. Lopez, Lukens, P., Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., McCarthy, K. A., Mirabolfathi, N., Moffatt, R. A., Oser, S. M., Page, K., Page, W. A., Partridge, R., Pepin, M., Phipps, A., Prasad, K., Pyle, M., Qiu, H., Rau, W., Redl, P., Reisetter, A., Ricci, Y., Rogers, H. E., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Schneck, K., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Serfass, B., Shank, B., Speller, D., Toback, D., Upadhyayula, S., Villano, A. N., Welliver, B., Wilson, J. S., Wright, D. H., Yang, X., Yellin, S., Yen, J. J., Young, B. A., and Zhang, J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

CDMS II data from the 5-tower runs at the Soudan Underground Laboratory were reprocessed with an improved charge-pulse fitting algorithm. Two new analysis techniques to reject surface-event backgrounds were applied to the 612 kg days germanium-detector WIMP-search exposure. An extended analysis was also completed by decreasing the 10 keV analysis threshold to $\sim$5 keV, to increase sensitivity near a WIMP mass of 8 GeV/$c^2$. After unblinding, there were zero candidate events above a deposited energy of 10 keV and 6 events in the lower-threshold analysis. This yielded minimum WIMP-nucleon spin-independent scattering cross-section limits of $1.8 \times 10^{-44}$ and $1.18 \times 10 ^{-41}$ cm$^2$ at 90\% confidence for 60 and 8.6 GeV/$c^2$ WIMPs, respectively. This improves the previous CDMS II result by a factor of 2.4 (2.7) for 60 (8.6) GeV/$c^2$ WIMPs., Comment: 25 pages, 15 figures, slightly updated organization and text consistent with PRD referee process, Fig. 14 updated

Published
2015
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13. Dark matter effective field theory scattering in direct detection experiments

Author

Schneck, K., Cabrera, B., Cerdeno, D. G., Mandic, V., Rogers, H. E., Agnese, R., Anderson, A. J., Asai, M., Balakishiyeva, D., Barker, D., Thakur, R. Basu, Bauer, D. A., Billard, J., Borgland, A., Brandt, D., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Caldwell, D. O., Calkins, R., Chagani, H., Chen, Y., Cooley, J., Cornell, B., Crewdson, C. H., Cushman, P., Daal, M., Di Stefano, P. C. F., Doughty, T., Esteban, L., Fallows, S., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Godfrey, G. L., Golwala, S. R., Hall, J., Harris, H. R., Hofer, T., Holmgren, D., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Jardin, D. M., Jastram, A., Kamaev, O., Kara, B., Kelsey, M. H., Kennedy, A., Leder, A., Loer, B., Asamar, E. Lopez, Lukens, P., Mahapatra, R., McCarthy, K. A., Mirabolfathi, N., Moffatt, R. A., Mendoza, J. D. Morales, Oser, S. M., Page, K., Page, W. A., Partridge, R., Pepin, M., Phipps, A., Prasad, K., Pyle, M., Qiu, H., Rau, W., Redl, P., Reisetter, A., Ricci, Y., Roberts, A., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Serfass, B., Shank, B., Speller, D., Toback, D., Upadhyayula, S., Villano, A. N., Welliver, B., Wilson, J. S., Wright, D. H., Yang, X., Yellin, S., Yen, J. J., Young, B. A., and Zhang, J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

We examine the consequences of the effective field theory (EFT) of dark matter-nucleon scattering for current and proposed direct detection experiments. Exclusion limits on EFT coupling constants computed using the optimum interval method are presented for SuperCDMS Soudan, CDMS II, and LUX, and the necessity of combining results from multiple experiments in order to determine dark matter parameters is discussed. We demonstrate that spectral differences between the standard dark matter model and a general EFT interaction can produce a bias when calculating exclusion limits and when developing signal models for likelihood and machine learning techniques. We also discuss the implications of the EFT for the next-generation (G2) direct detection experiments and point out regions of complementarity in the EFT parameter space., Comment: Newest version includes erratum

Published
2015
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16. Maximum Likelihood Analysis of Low Energy CDMS II Germanium Data

Author

SuperCDMS Collaboration, Agnese, R., Anderson, A. J., Balakishiyeva, D., Thakur, R. Basu, Bauer, D. A., Billard, J., Borgland, A., Bowles, M. A., Brandt, D., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Caldwell, D. O., Cerdeno, D. G., Chagani, H., Chen, Y., Cooley, J., Cornell, B., Crewdson, C. H., Cushman, P., Daal, M., Di Stefano, P. C. F., Doughty, T., Esteban, L., Fallows, S., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Fritts, M., Godfrey, G. L., Golwala, S. R., Graham, M., Hall, J., Harris, H. R., Hertel, S. A., Hofer, T., Holmgren, D., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Jastram, A., Kamaev, O., Kara, B., Kelsey, M. H., Kennedy, A., Kiveni, M., Koch, K., Leder, A., Loer, B., Asamar, E. Lopez, Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Martinez, C., McCarthy, K. A., Mirabolfathi, N., Moffatt, R. A., Moore, D. C., Nelson, R. H., Oser, S. M., Page, K., Page, W. A., Partridge, R., Pepin, M., Phipps, A., Prasad, K., Pyle, M., Qiu, H., Rau, W., Redl, P., Reisetter, A., Ricci, Y., Rogers, H. E., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Schneck, K., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Serfass, B., Shank, B., Speller, D., Upadhyayula, S., Villano, A. N., Welliver, B., Wright, D. H., Yellin, S., Yen, J. J., Young, B. A., and Zhang, J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We report on the results of a search for a Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP) signal in low-energy data of the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS~II) experiment using a maximum likelihood analysis. A background model is constructed using GEANT4 to simulate the surface-event background from $^{210}$Pb decay-chain events, while using independent calibration data to model the gamma background. Fitting this background model to the data results in no statistically significant WIMP component. In addition, we perform fits using an analytic ad hoc background model proposed by Collar and Fields, who claimed to find a large excess of signal-like events in our data. We confirm the strong preference for a signal hypothesis in their analysis under these assumptions, but excesses are observed in both single- and multiple-scatter events, which implies the signal is not caused by WIMPs, but rather reflects the inadequacy of their background model., Comment: 12 pages, 12 figures, submitted to PRD

Published
2014
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17. First direct limits on Lightly Ionizing Particles with electric charge less than $e/6$

Author

Agnese, R., Anderson, A. J., Balakishiyeva, D., Thakur, R. Basu, Bauer, D. A., Billard, J., Borgland, A., Bowles, M. A., Brandt, D., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Caldwell, D. O., Cerdeno, D. G., Chagani, H., Chen, Y., Cooley, J., Cornell, B., Crewdson, C. H., Cushman, P., Daal, M., Di Stefano, P. C. F., Doughty, T., Esteban, L., Fallows, S., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Godfrey, G. L., Golwala, S. R., Hall, J., Harris, H. R., Hertel, S. A., Hofer, T., Holmgren, D., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Jastram, A., Kamaev, O., Kara, B., Kelsey, M. H., Kennedy, A., Kiveni, M., Koch, K., Leder, A., Loer, B., Asamar, E. Lopez, Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Martinez, C., McCarthy, K. A., Mirabolfathi, N., Moffatt, R. A., Moore, D. C., Nelson, H., Nelson, R. H., Ogburn, R. W., Page, K., Page, W. A., Partridge, R., Pepin, M., Phipps, A., Prasad, K., Pyle, M., Qiu, H., Rau, W., Redl, P., Reisetter, A., Ricci, Y., Rogers, H. E., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Schneck, K., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Serfass, B., Shank, B., Speller, D., Upadhyayula, S., Villano, A. N., Welliver, B., Wright, D. H., Yellin, S., Yen, J. J., Young, B. A., and Zhang, J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

While the Standard Model of particle physics does not include free particles with fractional charge, experimental searches have not ruled out their existence. We report results from the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS II) experiment that give the first direct-detection limits for cosmogenically-produced relativistic particles with electric charge lower than $e$/6. A search for tracks in the six stacked detectors of each of two of the CDMS II towers found no candidates, thereby excluding new parameter space for particles with electric charges between $e$/6 and $e$/200., Comment: 5 pages, 6 figures, submitted to PRL

Published
2014
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18. A model for the interaction of high-energy particles in straight and bent crystals implemented in Geant4

Author

Bagli, E., Asai, M., Brandt, D., Dotti, A., Guidi, V., and Wright, D. H.

Subjects
Physics - Computational Physics, Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter, Physics - Accelerator Physics
Abstract

A model for the simulation of orientational effects in straight and bent periodic atomic structures is presented. The continuum potential approximation has been adopted.The model allows the manipulation of particle trajectories by means of straight and bent crystals and the scaling of the cross sections of hadronic and electromagnetic processes for channeled particles. Based on such a model, an extension of the Geant4 toolkit has been developed. The code has been validated against data from channeling experiments carried out at CERN.

Published
2014
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19. Semiconductor phonon and charge transport Monte Carlo simulation using Geant4

Author

Brandt, D., Agnese, R., Redl, P., Schneck, K., Asai, M., Kelsey, M., Faiez, D., Bagli, E., Cabrera, B., Partridge, R., Saab, T., and Sadoulet, B.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

A phonon and charge transport simulation based on the Geant4 Monte Carlo toolkit is presented. The transport code is capable of propagating acoustic phonons, electrons and holes in cryogenic crystals. Anisotropic phonon propagation, oblique carrier propagation and phonon emission by accelerated carriers are all taken into account. The simulation successfully reproduces theoretical predictions and experimental observations such as phonon caustics, heat pulse propagation times and mean carrier drift velocities. Implementation of the transport code using the Geant4 toolkit ensures availability to the wider scientific community., Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures

Published
2014

20. Search for Low-Mass WIMPs with SuperCDMS

Author

Agnese, R., Anderson, A. J., Asai, M., Balakishiyeva, D., Thakur, R. Basu, Bauer, D. A., Beaty, J., Billard, J., Borgland, A., Bowles, M. A., Brandt, D., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Caldwell, D. O., Cerdeno, D. G., Chagani, H., Chen, Y., Cherry, M., Cooley, J., Cornell, B., Crewdson, C. H., Cushman, P., Daal, M., DeVaney, D., Di Stefano, P. C. F., Silva, E. Do Couto E, Doughty, T., Esteban, L., Fallows, S., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Godfrey, G. L., Golwala, S. R., Hall, J., Hansen, S., Harris, H. R., Hertel, S. A., Hines, B. A., Hofer, T., Holmgren, D., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Jastram, A., Kamaev, O., Kara, B., Kelsey, M. H., Kenany, S., Kennedy, A., Kiveni, M., Koch, K., Leder, A., Loer, B., Asamar, E. Lopez, Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Martinez, C., McCarthy, K. A., Mirabolfathi, N., Moffatt, R. A., Nelson, R. H., Novak, L., Page, K., Partridge, R., Pepin, M., Phipps, A., Platt, M., Prasad, K., Pyle, M., Qiu, H., Rau, W., Redl, P., Reisetter, A., Resch, R. W., Ricci, Y., Ruschman, M., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Schmitt, R. L., Schneck, K., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Seitz, D. N., Serfass, B., Shank, B., Speller, D., Tomada, A., Upadhyayula, S., Villano, A. N., Welliver, B., Wright, D. H., Yellin, S., Yen, J. J., Young, B. A., and Zhang, J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We report a first search for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) using the background rejection capabilities of SuperCDMS. An exposure of 577 kg-days was analyzed for WIMPs with mass < 30 GeV/c2, with the signal region blinded. Eleven events were observed after unblinding. We set an upper limit on the spin-independent WIMP-nucleon cross section of 1.2e-42 cm2 at 8 GeV/c2. This result is in tension with WIMP interpretations of recent experiments and probes new parameter space for WIMP-nucleon scattering for WIMP masses < 6 GeV/c2., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures; figure 1 updated, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett

Published
2014
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22. Reliability of targeting methods in TMS for depression: Beam F3 vs. 5.5 cm

Author

Nicholas T. Trapp, Joel Bruss, Marcie King Johnson, Brandt D. Uitermarkt, Laren Garrett, Amanda Heinzerling, Chaorong Wu, Timothy R. Koscik, Patrick Ten Eyck, and Aaron D. Boes

Subjects
TMS, Targeting, F3, Depression, Neuronavigation, Neuroimaging, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

Background: No consensus exists in the clinical transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) field as to the best method for targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) for depression treatment. Two common targeting methods are the Beam F3 method and the 5.5 cm rule. Objective: Evaluate the anatomical reliability of technician-identified DLPFC targets and obtain consensus average brain and scalp MNI152 coordinates. Methods: Three trained TMS technicians performed repeated targeting using both the Beam F3 method and 5.5 cm rule in ten healthy subjects (n = 162). Average target locations were plotted on 7T structural MRIs to compare inter- and intra-rater reliability, respectively. Results: (1) Beam F3 inter- and intra-rater reliability was superior to 5.5 cm targeting (p = 0.0005 and 0.0035). (2) The average Beam F3 location was 2.6±1.0 cm anterolateral to the 5.5 cm method. Conclusions: Beam F3 targeting demonstrates greater precision and reliability than the 5.5 cm method and identifies a different anatomical target.

Published
2020
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24. Improved WIMP-search reach of the CDMS II germanium data

Author

Agnese, R, Anderson, AJ, Asai, M, Balakishiyeva, D, Barker, D, Basu Thakur, R, Bauer, DA, Billard, J, Borgland, A, Bowles, MA, Brandt, D, Brink, PL, Bunker, R, Cabrera, B, Caldwell, DO, Calkins, R, Cerdeño, DG, Chagani, H, Chen, Y, Cooley, J, Cornell, B, Crewdson, CH, Cushman, P, Daal, M, Di Stefano, PCF, Doughty, T, Esteban, L, Fallows, S, Figueroa-Feliciano, E, Godfrey, GL, Golwala, SR, Hall, J, Harris, HR, Hertel, SA, Hofer, T, Holmgren, D, Hsu, L, Huber, ME, Jardin, D, Jastram, A, Kamaev, O, Kara, B, Kelsey, MH, Kennedy, A, Kiveni, M, Koch, K, Leder, A, Loer, B, Lopez Asamar, E, Lukens, P, Mahapatra, R, Mandic, V, McCarthy, KA, Mirabolfathi, N, Moffatt, RA, Oser, SM, Page, K, Page, WA, Partridge, R, Pepin, M, Phipps, A, Prasad, K, Pyle, M, Qiu, H, Rau, W, Redl, P, Reisetter, A, Ricci, Y, Rogers, HE, Saab, T, Sadoulet, B, Sander, J, Schneck, K, Schnee, RW, Scorza, S, Serfass, B, Shank, B, Speller, D, Toback, D, Upadhyayula, S, Villano, AN, Welliver, B, Wilson, JS, Wright, DH, Yang, X, Yellin, S, Yen, JJ, Young, BA, and Zhang, J

Subjects
hep-ex, astro-ph.CO, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract

CDMS II data from the five-tower runs at the Soudan Underground Laboratory were reprocessed with an improved charge-pulse fitting algorithm. Two new analysis techniques to reject surface-event backgrounds were applied to the 612 kg days germanium-detector weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP)-search exposure. An extended analysis was also completed by decreasing the 10 keV analysis threshold to ∼5keV, to increase sensitivity near a WIMP mass of 8GeV/c2. After unblinding, there were zero candidate events above a deposited energy of 10 keV and six events in the lower-threshold analysis. This yielded minimum WIMP-nucleon spin-independent scattering cross-section limits of 1.8×10-44 and 1.18×10-41 at 90% confidence for 60 and 8.6GeV/c2 WIMPs, respectively. This improves the previous CDMS II result by a factor of 2.4 (2.7) for 60 (8.6)GeV/c2 WIMPs.

Published
2015

25. Dark matter effective field theory scattering in direct detection experiments

Author

Schneck, K, Cabrera, B, Cerdeño, DG, Mandic, V, Rogers, HE, Agnese, R, Anderson, AJ, Asai, M, Balakishiyeva, D, Barker, D, Basu Thakur, R, Bauer, DA, Billard, J, Borgland, A, Brandt, D, Brink, PL, Bunker, R, Caldwell, DO, Calkins, R, Chagani, H, Chen, Y, Cooley, J, Cornell, B, Crewdson, CH, Cushman, P, Daal, M, Di Stefano, PCF, Doughty, T, Esteban, L, Fallows, S, Figueroa-Feliciano, E, Godfrey, GL, Golwala, SR, Hall, J, Harris, HR, Hofer, T, Holmgren, D, Hsu, L, Huber, ME, Jardin, DM, Jastram, A, Kamaev, O, Kara, B, Kelsey, MH, Kennedy, A, Leder, A, Loer, B, Lopez Asamar, E, Lukens, P, Mahapatra, R, Mccarthy, KA, Mirabolfathi, N, Moffatt, RA, Morales Mendoza, JD, Oser, SM, Page, K, Page, WA, Partridge, R, Pepin, M, Phipps, A, Prasad, K, Pyle, M, Qiu, H, Rau, W, Redl, P, Reisetter, A, Ricci, Y, Roberts, A, Saab, T, Sadoulet, B, Sander, J, Schnee, RW, Scorza, S, Serfass, B, Shank, B, Speller, D, Toback, D, Upadhyayula, S, Villano, AN, Welliver, B, Wilson, JS, Wright, DH, Yang, X, Yellin, S, Yen, JJ, Young, BA, and Zhang, J

Subjects
astro-ph.CO, hep-ex, hep-ph, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract

We examine the consequences of the effective field theory (EFT) of dark matter-nucleon scattering for current and proposed direct detection experiments. Exclusion limits on EFT coupling constants computed using the optimum interval method are presented for SuperCDMS Soudan, CDMS II, and LUX, and the necessity of combining results from multiple experiments in order to determine dark matter parameters is discussed. We demonstrate that spectral differences between the standard dark matter model and a general EFT interaction can produce a bias when calculating exclusion limits and when developing signal models for likelihood and machine learning techniques. We also discuss the implications of the EFT for the next-generation (G2) direct detection experiments and point out regions of complementarity in the EFT parameter space.

Published
2015

26. Maximum likelihood analysis of low energy CDMS II germanium data

Author

Agnese, R, Anderson, AJ, Balakishiyeva, D, Basu Thakur, R, Bauer, DA, Billard, J, Borgland, A, Bowles, MA, Brandt, D, Brink, PL, Bunker, R, Cabrera, B, Caldwell, DO, Cerdeno, DG, Chagani, H, Chen, Y, Cooley, J, Cornell, B, Crewdson, CH, Cushman, P, Daal, M, Di Stefano, PCF, Doughty, T, Esteban, L, Fallows, S, Figueroa-Feliciano, E, Fritts, M, Godfrey, GL, Golwala, SR, Graham, M, Hall, J, Harris, HR, Hertel, SA, Hofer, T, Holmgren, D, Hsu, L, Huber, ME, Jastram, A, Kamaev, O, Kara, B, Kelsey, MH, Kennedy, A, Kiveni, M, Koch, K, Leder, A, Loer, B, Lopez Asamar, E, Mahapatra, R, Mandic, V, Martinez, C, McCarthy, KA, Mirabolfathi, N, Moffatt, RA, Moore, DC, Nelson, RH, Oser, SM, Page, K, Page, WA, Partridge, R, Pepin, M, Phipps, A, Prasad, K, Pyle, M, Qiu, H, Rau, W, Redl, P, Reisetter, A, Ricci, Y, Rogers, HE, Saab, T, Sadoulet, B, Sander, J, Schneck, K, Schnee, RW, Scorza, S, Serfass, B, Shank, B, Speller, D, Upadhyayula, S, Villano, AN, Welliver, B, Wright, DH, Yellin, S, Yen, JJ, Young, BA, and Zhang, J

Subjects
astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.IM, physics.ins-det, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract

We report on the results of a search for a Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP) signal in low-energy data of the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search experiment using a maximum likelihood analysis. A background model is constructed using geant4 to simulate the surface-event background from Pb210 decay-chain events, while using independent calibration data to model the gamma background. Fitting this background model to the data results in no statistically significant WIMP component. In addition, we perform fits using an analytic ad hoc background model proposed by Collar and Fields, who claimed to find a large excess of signal-like events in our data. We confirm the strong preference for a signal hypothesis in their analysis under these assumptions, but excesses are observed in both single- and multiple-scatter events, which implies the signal is not caused by WIMPs, but rather reflects the inadequacy of their background model.

Published
2015

27. First direct limits on lightly ionizing particles with electric charge less than e/6.

Author

Agnese, R, Anderson, AJ, Balakishiyeva, D, Basu Thakur, R, Bauer, DA, Billard, J, Borgland, A, Bowles, MA, Brandt, D, Brink, PL, Bunker, R, Cabrera, B, Caldwell, DO, Cerdeno, DG, Chagani, H, Chen, Y, Cooley, J, Cornell, B, Crewdson, CH, Cushman, P, Daal, M, Di Stefano, PCF, Doughty, T, Esteban, L, Fallows, S, Figueroa-Feliciano, E, Godfrey, GL, Golwala, SR, Hall, J, Harris, HR, Hertel, SA, Hofer, T, Holmgren, D, Hsu, L, Huber, ME, Jastram, A, Kamaev, O, Kara, B, Kelsey, MH, Kennedy, A, Kiveni, M, Koch, K, Leder, A, Loer, B, Lopez Asamar, E, Mahapatra, R, Mandic, V, Martinez, C, McCarthy, KA, Mirabolfathi, N, Moffatt, RA, Moore, DC, Nelson, H, Nelson, RH, Ogburn, RW, Page, K, Page, WA, Partridge, R, Pepin, M, Phipps, A, Prasad, K, Pyle, M, Qiu, H, Rau, W, Redl, P, Reisetter, A, Ricci, Y, Rogers, HE, Saab, T, Sadoulet, B, Sander, J, Schneck, K, Schnee, RW, Scorza, S, Serfass, B, Shank, B, Speller, D, Upadhyayula, S, Villano, AN, Welliver, B, Wright, DH, Yellin, S, Yen, JJ, Young, BA, Zhang, J, and CDMS Collaboration

Subjects
CDMS Collaboration, hep-ex, astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.HE, physics.ins-det, General Physics, Physical Sciences
Abstract

While the standard model of particle physics does not include free particles with fractional charge, experimental searches have not ruled out their existence. We report results from the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS II) experiment that give the first direct-detection limits for cosmogenically produced relativistic particles with electric charge lower than e/6. A search for tracks in the six stacked detectors of each of two of the CDMS II towers finds no candidates, thereby excluding new parameter space for particles with electric charges between e/6 and e/200.

Published
2015

28. CDMSlite: A Search for Low-Mass WIMPs using Voltage-Assisted Calorimetric Ionization Detection in the SuperCDMS Experiment

Author

Agnese, R., Anderson, A. J., Asai, M., Balakishiyeva, D., Thakur, R. Basu, Bauer, D. A., Billard, J., Borgland, A., Bowles, M. A., Brandt, D., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Caldwell, D. O., Cerdeno, D. G., Chagani, H., Cooley, J., Cornell, B., Crewdson, C. H., Cushman, P., Daal, M., Di Stefano, P. C. F., Doughty, T., Esteban, L., Fallows, S., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Godfrey, G. L., Golwala, S. R., Hall, J., Harris, H. R., Hertel, S. A., Hofer, T., Holmgren, D., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Jastram, A., Kamaev, O., Kara, B., Kelsey, M. H., Kennedy, A., Kiveni, M., Koch, K., Loer, B., Asamar, E. Lopez, Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Martinez, C., McCarthy, K. A., Mirabolfathi, N., Moffatt, R. A., Moore, D. C., Nadeau, P., Nelson, R. H., Page, K., Partridge, R., Pepin, M., Phipps, A., Prasad, K., Pyle, M., Qiu, H., Rau, W., Redl, P., Reisetter, A., Ricci, Y., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Schneck, K., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Serfass, B., Shank, B., Speller, D., Villano, A. N., Welliver, B., Wright, D. H., Yellin, S., Yen, J. J., Young, B. A., and Zhang, J.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

SuperCDMS is an experiment designed to directly detect Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs), a favored candidate for dark matter ubiquitous in the Universe. In this paper, we present WIMP-search results using a calorimetric technique we call CDMSlite, which relies on voltage- assisted Luke-Neganov amplification of the ionization energy deposited by particle interactions. The data were collected with a single 0.6 kg germanium detector running for 10 live days at the Soudan Underground Laboratory. A low energy threshold of 170 eVee (electron equivalent) was obtained, which allows us to constrain new WIMP-nucleon spin-independent parameter space for WIMP masses below 6 GeV/c2., Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures

Published
2013
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29. Demonstration of Surface Electron Rejection with Interleaved Germanium Detectors for Dark Matter Searches

Author

Agnese, R., Anderson, A. J., Balakishiyeva, D., Thakur, R. Basu, Bauer, D. A., Borgland, A., Brandt, D., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Caldwell, D. O., Cerdeno, D. G., Chagani, H., Cherry, M., Cooley, J., Cornell, B., Crewdson, C. H., Cushman, P., Daal, M., Di Stefano, P. C. F., Silva, E. Do Couto E, Doughty, T., Esteban, L., Fallows, S., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Fox, J., Fritts, M., Godfrey, G. L., Golwala, S. R., Hall, J., Harris, H. R., Hasi, J., Hertel, S. A., Hines, B. A., Hofer, T., Holmgren, D., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Jastram, A., Kamaev, O., Kara, B., Kelsey, M. H., Kenany, S. A., Kennedy, A., Kenney, C. J., Kiveni, M., Koch, K., Loer, B., Asamar, E. Lopez, Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Martinez, C., McCarthy, K. A., Mirabolfathi, N., Moffatt, R. A., Moore, D. C., Nadeau, P., Nelson, R. H., Novak, L., Page, K., Partridge, R., Pepin, M., Phipps, A., Prasad, K., Pyle, M., Qiu, H., Radpour, R., Rau, W., Redl, P., Reisetter, A., Resch, R. W., Ricci, Y., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Schmitt, R., Schneck, K., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Seitz, D., Serfass, B., Shank, B., Speller, D., Tomada, A., Villano, A. N., Welliver, B., Wright, D. H., Yellin, S., Yen, J. J., Young, B. A., and Zhang, J.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The SuperCDMS experiment in the Soudan Underground Laboratory searches for dark matter with a 9-kg array of cryogenic germanium detectors. Symmetric sensors on opposite sides measure both charge and phonons from each particle interaction, providing excellent discrimination between electron and nuclear recoils, and between surface and interior events. Surface event rejection capabilities were tested with two $^{210}$Pb sources producing $\sim$130 beta decays/hr. In $\sim$800 live hours, no events leaked into the 8--115 keV signal region, giving upper limit leakage fraction $1.7 \times 10^{-5}$ at 90% C.L., corresponding to $< 0.6$ surface event background in the future 200-kg SuperCDMS SNOLAB experiment., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, submitted to journal

Published
2013
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30. Silicon Detector Dark Matter Results from the Final Exposure of CDMS II

Author

CDMS Collaboration, Agnese, R., Ahmed, Z., Anderson, A. J., Arrenberg, S., Balakishiyeva, D., Thakur, R. Basu, Bauer, D. A., Billard, J., Borgland, A., Brandt, D., Brink, P. L., Bruch, T., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Caldwell, D. O., Cerdeno, D. G., Chagani, H., Cooley, J., Cornell, B., Crewdson, C. H., Cushman, P., Daal, M., Dejongh, F., Silva, E. Do Couto E, Doughty, T., Esteban, L., Fallows, S., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Filippini, J., Fox, J., Fritts, M., Godfrey, G. L., Golwala, S. R., Hall, J., Harris, R. H., Hertel, S. A., Hofer, T., Holmgren, D., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Jastram, A., Kamaev, O., Kara, B., Kelsey, M. H., Kennedy, A., Kim, P., Kiveni, M., Koch, K., Kos, M., Leman, S. W., Loer, B., Asamar, E. Lopez, Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Martinez, C., McCarthy, K. A., Mirabolfathi, N., Moffatt, R. A., Moore, D. C., Nadeau, P., Nelson, R. H., Page, K., Partridge, R., Pepin, M., Phipps, A., Prasad, K., Pyle, M., Qiu, H., Rau, W., Redl, P., Reisetter, A., Ricci, Y., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Schneck, K., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Serfass, B., Shank, B., Speller, D., Sundqvist, K. M., Villano, A. N., Welliver, B., Wright, D. H., Yellin, S., Yen, J. J., Yoo, J., Young, B. A., and Zhang, J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We report results of a search for Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPS) with the silicon detectors of the CDMS II experiment. This blind analysis of 140.2 kg-days of data taken between July 2007 and September 2008 revealed three WIMP-candidate events with a surface-event background estimate of 0.41^{+0.20}_{-0.08}(stat.)^{+0.28}_{-0.24}(syst.). Other known backgrounds from neutrons and 206Pb are limited to < 0.13 and <0.08 events at the 90% confidence level, respectively. The exposure of this analysis is equivalent to 23.4 kg-days for a recoil energy range of 7-100 keV for a WIMP of mass 10 GeV/c2. The probability that the known backgrounds would produce three or more events in the signal region is 5.4%. A profile likelihood ratio test of the three events that includes the measured recoil energies gives a 0.19% probability for the known-background-only hypothesis when tested against the alternative WIMP+background hypothesis. The highest likelihood occurs for a WIMP mass of 8.6 GeV/c2 and WIMP-nucleon cross section of 1.9e-41 cm2., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, as accepted by PRL

Published
2013

31. Silicon detector results from the first five-tower run of CDMS II

Author

CDMS Collaboration, Agnese, R., Ahmed, Z., Anderson, A. J., Arrenberg, S., Balakishiyeva, D., Thakur, R. Basu, Bauer, D. A., Borgland, A., Brandt, D., Brink, P. L., Bruch, T., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Caldwell, D. O., Cerdeno, D. G., Chagani, H., Cooley, J., Cornell, B., Crewdson, C. H., Cushman, P., Daal, M., Dejongh, F., Di Stefano, P. C. F., Silva, E. do Couto e, Doughty, T., Esteban, L., Fallows, S., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Filippini, J., Fox, J., Fritts, M., Godfrey, G. L., Golwala, S. R., Hall, J., Harris, R. H., Hertel, S. A., Hofer, T., Holmgren, D., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Jastram, A., Kamaev, O., Kara, B., Kelsey, M. H., Kennedy, A., Kim, P., Kiveni, M., Koch, K., Kos, M., Leman, S. W., Lopez-Asamar, E., Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Martinez, C., McCarthy, K. A., Mirabolfathi, N., Moffatt, R. A., Moore, D. C., Nadeau, P., Nelson, R. H., Page, K., Partridge, R., Pepin, M., Phipps, A., Prasad, K., Pyle, M., Qiu, H., Rau, W., Redl, P., Reisetter, A., Ricci, Y., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Schneck, K., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Serfass, B., Shank, B., Speller, D., Sundqvist, K. M., Villano, A. N., Welliver, B., Wright, D. H., Yellin, S., Yen, J. J., Yoo, J., Young, B. A., and Zhan, J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We report results of a search for Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) with the Si detectors of the CDMS II experiment. This report describes a blind analysis of the first data taken with CDMS II's full complement of detectors in 2006-2007; results from this exposure using the Ge detectors have already been presented. We observed no candidate WIMP-scattering events in an exposure of 55.9 kg-days before analysis cuts, with an expected background of ~1.1 events. The exposure of this analysis is equivalent to 10.3 kg-days over a recoil energy range of 7-100 keV for an ideal Si detector and a WIMP mass of 10 GeV/c2. These data set an upper limit of 1.7x10-41 cm2 on the WIMP-nucleon spin-independent cross section of a 10 GeV/c2 WIMP. These data exclude parameter space for spin-independent WIMP-nucleon elastic scattering that is relevant to recent searches for low-mass WIMPs., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures; updated to match published version

Published
2013
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33. Validation of Phonon Physics in the CDMS Detector Monte Carlo

Author

McCarthy, K. A., Leman, S. W., Anderson, A. J., Brandt, D., Brink, P. L., Cabrera, B., Cherry, M., Silva, E. Do Couto E, Cushman, P., Doughty, T., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Kim, P., Mirabolfathi, N., Novak, L., Partridge, R., Pyle, M., Reisetter, A., Resch, R., Sadoulet, B., Serfass, B., Sundqvist, K. M., and Tomada, A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The SuperCDMS collaboration is a dark matter search effort aimed at detecting the scattering of WIMP dark matter from nuclei in cryogenic germanium targets. The CDMS Detector Monte Carlo (CDMS-DMC) is a simulation tool aimed at achieving a deeper understanding of the performance of the SuperCDMS detectors and aiding the dark matter search analysis. We present results from validation of the phonon physics described in the CDMS-DMC and outline work towards utilizing it in future WIMP search analyses., Comment: 6 Pages, 5 Figures, Proceedings of Low Temperature Detectors 14 Conference

Published
2011
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34. Time Evolution of Electric Fields in CDMS Detectors

Author

Leman, S. W., Brandt, D., Brink, P. L., Cabrera, B., Chagani, H., Cherry, M., Cushman, P., Silva, E. Do Couto E, Doughty, T., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Mandic, V., McCarthy, K. A., Mirabolfathi, N., Pyle, M., Reisetter, A., Resch, R., Sadoulet, B., Serfass, B., Sundqvist, K. M., Tomada, A., Young, B. A., and Zhang, J.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS) utilizes large mass, 3" diameter x 1" thick target masses as particle detectors. The target is instrumented with both phonon and ionization sensors, the later providing a $\sim$1 V cm$^{-1}$ electric field in the detector bulk. Cumulative radiation exposure which creates $\sim 200\times 10^6$ electron-hole pairs is sufficient to produce a comparable reverse field in the detector thereby degrading the ionization channel performance. To study this, the existing CDMS detector Monte Carlo has been modified to allow for an event by event evolution of the bulk electric field, in three spatial dimensions. Our most resent results and interpretation are discussed., Comment: Low Temperature Detectors 14 conference proceeding to be published in the Journal of Low Temperature Physics

Published
2011
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35. Search for Low-Mass Weakly Interacting Massive Particles with SuperCDMS

Author

Agnese, R, Anderson, AJ, Asai, M, Balakishiyeva, D, Thakur, R Basu, Bauer, DA, Beaty, J, Billard, J, Borgland, A, Bowles, MA, Brandt, D, Brink, PL, Bunker, R, Cabrera, B, Caldwell, DO, Cerdeno, DG, Chagani, H, Chen, Y, Cherry, M, Cooley, J, Cornell, B, Crewdson, CH, Cushman, P, Daal, M, DeVaney, D, Di Stefano, PCF, Do Couto E Silva, E, Doughty, T, Esteban, L, Fallows, S, Figueroa-Feliciano, E, Godfrey, GL, Golwala, SR, Hall, J, Hansen, S, Harris, HR, Hertel, SA, Hines, BA, Hofer, T, Holmgren, D, Hsu, L, Huber, ME, Jastram, A, Kamaev, O, Kara, B, Kelsey, MH, Kenany, S, Kennedy, A, Kiveni, M, Koch, K, Leder, A, Loer, B, Asamar, E Lopez, Mahapatra, R, Mandic, V, Martinez, C, McCarthy, KA, Mirabolfathi, N, Moffatt, RA, Nelson, RH, Novak, L, Page, K, Partridge, R, Pepin, M, Phipps, A, Platt, M, Prasad, K, Pyle, M, Qiu, H, Rau, W, Redl, P, Reisetter, A, Resch, RW, Ricci, Y, Ruschman, M, Saab, T, Sadoulet, B, Sander, J, Schmitt, RL, Schneck, K, Schnee, RW, Scorza, S, Seitz, DN, Serfass, B, Shank, B, Speller, D, Tomada, A, Upadhyayula, S, Villano, AN, Welliver, B, Wright, DH, Yellin, S, Yen, JJ, Young, BA, and Zhang, J

Subjects
(SuperCDMS Collaboration), hep-ex, astro-ph.CO, physics.ins-det, Mathematical Sciences, Physical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics
Abstract

We report a first search for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) using the background rejection capabilities of SuperCDMS. An exposure of 577 kg days was analyzed for WIMPs with mass

Published
2014

42. Search for Low-Mass Weakly Interacting Massive Particles Using Voltage-Assisted Calorimetric Ionization Detection in the SuperCDMS Experiment

Author

Agnese, R, Anderson, AJ, Asai, M, Balakishiyeva, D, Thakur, R Basu, Bauer, DA, Billard, J, Borgland, A, Bowles, MA, Brandt, D, Brink, PL, Bunker, R, Cabrera, B, Caldwell, DO, Cerdeno, DG, Chagani, H, Cooley, J, Cornell, B, Crewdson, CH, Cushman, P, Daal, M, Di Stefano, PCF, Doughty, T, Esteban, L, Fallows, S, Figueroa-Feliciano, E, Godfrey, GL, Golwala, SR, Hall, J, Harris, HR, Hertel, SA, Hofer, T, Holmgren, D, Hsu, L, Huber, ME, Jastram, A, Kamaev, O, Kara, B, Kelsey, MH, Kennedy, A, Kiveni, M, Koch, K, Loer, B, Asamar, E Lopez, Mahapatra, R, Mandic, V, Martinez, C, McCarthy, KA, Mirabolfathi, N, Moffatt, RA, Moore, DC, Nadeau, P, Nelson, RH, Page, K, Partridge, R, Pepin, M, Phipps, A, Prasad, K, Pyle, M, Qiu, H, Rau, W, Redl, P, Reisetter, A, Ricci, Y, Saab, T, Sadoulet, B, Sander, J, Schneck, K, Schnee, RW, Scorza, S, Serfass, B, Shank, B, Speller, D, Villano, AN, Welliver, B, Wright, DH, Yellin, S, Yen, JJ, Young, BA, and Zhang, J

Subjects
(SuperCDMS collaboration), physics.ins-det, astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.IM, hep-ex, Mathematical Sciences, Physical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics
Abstract

SuperCDMS is an experiment designed to directly detect weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs), a favored candidate for dark matter ubiquitous in the Universe. In this Letter, we present WIMP-search results using a calorimetric technique we call CDMSlite, which relies on voltage-assisted Luke-Neganov amplification of the ionization energy deposited by particle interactions. The data were collected with a single 0.6 kg germanium detector running for ten live days at the Soudan Underground Laboratory. A low energy threshold of 170  eVee (electron equivalent) was obtained, which allows us to constrain new WIMP-nucleon spin-independent parameter space for WIMP masses below 6  GeV/c2.

Published
2014

43. Silicon Detector Dark Matter Results from the Final Exposure of CDMS II

Author

Agnese, R, Ahmed, Z, Anderson, AJ, Arrenberg, S, Balakishiyeva, D, Thakur, R Basu, Bauer, DA, Billard, J, Borgland, A, Brandt, D, Brink, PL, Bruch, T, Bunker, R, Cabrera, B, Caldwell, DO, Cerdeno, DG, Chagani, H, Cooley, J, Cornell, B, Crewdson, CH, Cushman, P, Daal, M, Dejongh, F, do Couto e Silva, E, Doughty, T, Esteban, L, Fallows, S, Figueroa-Feliciano, E, Filippini, J, Fox, J, Fritts, M, Godfrey, GL, Golwala, SR, Hall, J, Harris, RH, Hertel, SA, Hofer, T, Holmgren, D, Hsu, L, Huber, ME, Jastram, A, Kamaev, O, Kara, B, Kelsey, MH, Kennedy, A, Kim, P, Kiveni, M, Koch, K, Kos, M, Leman, SW, Loer, B, Asamar, E Lopez, Mahapatra, R, Mandic, V, Martinez, C, McCarthy, KA, Mirabolfathi, N, Moffatt, RA, Moore, DC, Nadeau, P, Nelson, RH, Page, K, Partridge, R, Pepin, M, Phipps, A, Prasad, K, Pyle, M, Qiu, H, Rau, W, Redl, P, Reisetter, A, Ricci, Y, Saab, T, Sadoulet, B, Sander, J, Schneck, K, Schnee, RW, Scorza, S, Serfass, B, Shank, B, Speller, D, Sundqvist, KM, Villano, AN, Welliver, B, Wright, DH, Yellin, S, Yen, JJ, Yoo, J, Young, BA, and Zhang, J

Subjects
CDMS Collaboration, hep-ex, astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.IM, physics.ins-det, Mathematical Sciences, Physical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics
Abstract

We report results of a search for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPS) with the silicon detectors of the CDMS II experiment. This blind analysis of 140.2 kg day of data taken between July 2007 and September 2008 revealed three WIMP-candidate events with a surface-event background estimate of 0.41(-0.08)(+0.20)(stat)(-0.24)(+0.28)(syst). Other known backgrounds from neutrons and 206Pb are limited to

Published
2013

44. Demonstration of surface electron rejection with interleaved germanium detectors for dark matter searches

Author

Agnese, R, Anderson, AJ, Balakishiyeva, D, Thakur, R Basu, Bauer, DA, Borgland, A, Brandt, D, Brink, PL, Bunker, R, Cabrera, B, Caldwell, DO, Cerdeno, DG, Chagani, H, Cherry, M, Cooley, J, Cornell, B, Crewdson, CH, Cushman, P, Daal, M, Di Stefano, PCF, Do Couto E Silva, E, Doughty, T, Esteban, L, Fallows, S, Figueroa-Feliciano, E, Fox, J, Fritts, M, Godfrey, GL, Golwala, SR, Hall, J, Harris, HR, Hasi, J, Hertel, SA, Hines, BA, Hofer, T, Holmgren, D, Hsu, L, Huber, ME, Jastram, A, Kamaev, O, Kara, B, Kelsey, MH, Kenany, SA, Kennedy, A, Kenney, CJ, Kiveni, M, Koch, K, Loer, B, Asamar, E Lopez, Mahapatra, R, Mandic, V, Martinez, C, McCarthy, KA, Mirabolfathi, N, Moffatt, RA, Moore, DC, Nadeau, P, Nelson, RH, Novak, L, Page, K, Partridge, R, Pepin, M, Phipps, A, Prasad, K, Pyle, M, Qiu, H, Radpour, R, Rau, W, Redl, P, Reisetter, A, Resch, RW, Ricci, Y, Saab, T, Sadoulet, B, Sander, J, Schmitt, R, Schneck, K, Schnee, RW, Scorza, S, Seitz, D, Serfass, B, Shank, B, Speller, D, Tomada, A, Villano, AN, Welliver, B, Wright, DH, Yellin, S, Yen, JJ, Young, BA, and Zhang, J

Subjects
physics.ins-det, astro-ph.GA, hep-ex, Physical Sciences, Engineering, Technology, Applied Physics
Abstract

The SuperCDMS experiment in the Soudan Underground Laboratory searches for dark matter with a 9-kg array of cryogenic germanium detectors. Symmetric sensors on opposite sides measure both charge and phonons from each particle interaction, providing excellent discrimination between electron and nuclear recoils, and between surface and interior events. Surface event rejection capabilities were tested with two 210Pb sources producing ∼130 beta decays/hr. In ∼800 live hours, no events leaked into the 8-115 keV signal region, giving upper limit leakage fraction 1.7 × 10-5 at 90% C.L., corresponding to < 0.6 surface event background in the future 200-kg SuperCDMS SNOLAB experiment. © 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.

Published
2013

45. Silicon detector results from the first five-tower run of CDMS II

Author

Agnese, R, Ahmed, Z, Anderson, AJ, Arrenberg, S, Balakishiyeva, D, Basu Thakur, R, Bauer, DA, Borgland, A, Brandt, D, Brink, PL, Bruch, T, Bunker, R, Cabrera, B, Caldwell, DO, Cerdeno, DG, Chagani, H, Cooley, J, Cornell, B, Crewdson, CH, Cushman, P, Daal, M, Dejongh, F, Di Stefano, PCF, Do Couto E Silva, E, Doughty, T, Esteban, L, Fallows, S, Figueroa-Feliciano, E, Filippini, J, Fox, J, Fritts, M, Godfrey, GL, Golwala, SR, Hall, J, Harris, RH, Hertel, SA, Hofer, T, Holmgren, D, Hsu, L, Huber, ME, Jastram, A, Kamaev, O, Kara, B, Kelsey, MH, Kennedy, A, Kim, P, Kiveni, M, Koch, K, Kos, M, Leman, SW, Lopez-Asamar, E, Mahapatra, R, Mandic, V, Martinez, C, McCarthy, KA, Mirabolfathi, N, Moffatt, RA, Moore, DC, Nadeau, P, Nelson, RH, Page, K, Partridge, R, Pepin, M, Phipps, A, Prasad, K, Pyle, M, Qiu, H, Rau, W, Redl, P, Reisetter, A, Ricci, Y, Saab, T, Sadoulet, B, Sander, J, Schneck, K, Schnee, RW, Scorza, S, Serfass, B, Shank, B, Speller, D, Sundqvist, KM, Villano, AN, Welliver, B, Wright, DH, Yellin, S, Yen, JJ, Yoo, J, Young, BA, and Zhang, J

Subjects
astro-ph.CO, hep-ex, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract

We report results of a search for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) with the Si detectors of the CDMS II experiment. This report describes a blind analysis of the first data taken with CDMS II's full complement of detectors in 2006-2007; results from this exposure using the Ge detectors have already been presented. We observed no candidate WIMP-scattering events in an exposure of 55.9 kg-days before analysis cuts, with an expected background of ∼1.1 events. The exposure of this analysis is equivalent to 10.3 kg-days over a recoil energy range of 7-100 keV for an ideal Si detector and a WIMP mass of 10 GeV/c2. These data set an upper limit of 1.7×10-41 cm2 on the WIMP-nucleon spin-independent cross section of a 10 GeV/c2 WIMP. These data exclude parameter space for spin-independent WIMP-nucleon elastic scattering that is relevant to recent searches for low-mass WIMPs. © 2013 American Physical Society.

Published
2013

46. Teaching the Net: Innovative Techniques in Internet Training.

Author

Brandt, D. Scott

Abstract

Teaching the Internet is hard because the technology keeps changing, the system is complex, the environment is relatively unstable, and it is hard to know how much one needs to know in order to successfully use the Internet. The Internet is a pseudo-complex knowledge domain--the "rules" vary, and it is hard to tell which are the "right" answers. A constructivist approach is applicable to learning and training Internet topics. Constructivism focuses on the learner and states that people construct knowledge based on: shaping internal mental models; using previous experience; taking into account sociological/ emotional issues; building problem solving skills; and the PPP Approach to Training Innovation--a guideline for general technology training by using the techniques of personification, personalization, and "psyching out" problems (PPP). Each technique of the PPP Approach to Training Innovation is explained, and examples are provided. The PPP approach is not a panacea--instructors need to know what it is they are teaching;they must be able to get that across to users; and they have to rely on their experience or hard work to incorporate it all in a training session. (SWC)

Published
1996

47. Classical monocytes maintain ex vivo glycolytic metabolism and early but not later inflammatory responses in older adults

Author

Brandt D. Pence and Johnathan R. Yarbro

Subjects
Immunosenescence, Inflammaging, Immunometabolism, Glycolysis, Metabolism, Innate immunity, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607, Geriatrics, RC952-954.6
Abstract

Abstract Background Inflammaging is a condition of chronic low-grade inflammation due to the aging process and is associated with a variety of chronic diseases. Monocytes are innate immune cells which contribute to inflammation and are dysregulated during aging, demonstrated reduced phagocytosis, increased inflammation, and alterations in subset proportions. Metabolism is known to determine immune cell function, with quiescent and anti-inflammatory cells primarily relying on fatty acid oxidation, while activated and inflammatory cells primarily rely on glycolysis. We have previously shown an age-related decrease in mitochondrial respiratory capacity in monocytes, so we hypothesized here that a compensatory shift toward glycolysis would occur which would also exacerbate inflammation. Results Using Seahorse assays, we profiled glycolysis in classical monocytes isolated from older (60–80 yr) and younger (18–35 yr) adults. Aging did not affect parameters of basal glycolysis in the glycolysis stress test, nor did it alter glycolytic activation early (2 h) or later (24 h) post-LPS stimulation. Cytokine gene expression was unchanged between aged and young subjects at 2 h post-LPS but was reduced in older subjects at 24 h post-LPS either significantly (IL1B) or near-significantly (IL6, IL10). Conclusions Aging appears not to affect glycolytic metabolism ex vivo in classical monocytes, but may reduce cytokine expression at later timepoints. Studies examining monocytes stimulated with age-altered circulating factors or with other pattern recognition receptor agonists may shed further light on monocyte metabolism as a determinant of immunosenescence and inflammaging.

Published
2019
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49. G4CMP: Condensed matter physics simulation using the Geant4 toolkit

Author

Kelsey, M.H., primary, Agnese, R., additional, Alam, Y.F., additional, Langroudy, I. Ataee, additional, Azadbakht, E., additional, Brandt, D., additional, Bunker, R., additional, Cabrera, B., additional, Chang, Y.-Y., additional, Coombes, H., additional, Cormier, R.M., additional, Diamond, M.D., additional, Edwards, E.R., additional, Figueroa-Feliciano, E., additional, Gao, J., additional, Harrington, P.M., additional, Hong, Z., additional, Hui, M., additional, Kurinsky, N.A., additional, Lawrence, R.E., additional, Loer, B., additional, Masten, M.G., additional, Michaud, E., additional, Michielin, E., additional, Miller, J., additional, Novati, V., additional, Oblath, N.S., additional, Orrell, J.L., additional, Perry, W.L., additional, Redl, P., additional, Reynolds, T., additional, Saab, T., additional, Sadoulet, B., additional, Serniak, K., additional, Singh, J., additional, Speaks, Z., additional, Stanford, C., additional, Stevens, J.R., additional, Strube, J., additional, Toback, D., additional, Ullom, J.N., additional, VanDevender, B.A., additional, Vissers, M.R., additional, Wilson, M.J., additional, Wilson, J.S., additional, Zatschler, B., additional, and Zatschler, S., additional

Published
2023
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