33 results on '"C. Scalbert"'
Search Results
2. Évaluation d’un autoquestionnaire de phototype validé en population d’Outre-mer
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A. Mokrzycki, C. Scalbert, E. Joly, R. Molinier, L. Van Esbeen, C. Espagnon, T. Desroche, N. Sultan-Bichat, K. Bagny, and A. Bertolotti
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Ocean Engineering ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality - Published
- 2022
3. Severe skin toxicity with organ damage under the combination of targeted therapy following immunotherapy in metastatic melanoma
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Marie Lamiaux, Delphine Staumont-Sallé, Véronique Dziwniel, Laurent Mortier, P Lepesant, C. Templier, C. Scalbert, and E. Desmedt
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Male ,Oncology ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Skin Neoplasms ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Dermatology ,Targeted therapy ,030207 dermatology & venereal diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,cardiovascular diseases ,Vemurafenib ,Melanoma ,Retrospective Studies ,Trametinib ,Cobimetinib ,business.industry ,Retrospective cohort study ,Dabrafenib ,Immunotherapy ,Rash ,chemistry ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Targeted therapy combination (TTC: antiRAF+antiMEK) is known to improve metastatic melanoma survival. Few severe skin toxicities (grade ≥3) are described with first-line TTC (17% for vemurafenib+cobimetinib and none for dabrafenib+trametinib) in a phase III trial. Among our 42 patients treated by TTC between January 2014 and March 2017, 4.8% (2/42) of those treated in the first line presented severe skin rash versus 19% (8/42) of patients treated in the second line after previous immunotherapy. In particular, we observed one case of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and four cases of severe drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome under TTC in patients who had received immunotherapy previously. Thus, previous immunotherapy appears to play an important role in the skin rash onset and severity induced by TTC.
- Published
- 2018
4. OP0196 Safety and efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with cancer and preexisting autoimmune diseases: a nationwide multicenter retrospective study
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Marie Kostine, C. Scalbert, Laurent Misery, Laurent Chiche, B. Bonniaud, François-Xavier Danlos, Club Rhumatisme et Inflammation, C. Dubos, S. Martinez, Pneumo-Cancérologie (Gfpc) Groupe Français de, E. Funck-Brentano, F. Brunet-Possenti, A. Tison, T. Lesimple, Divi Cornec, C. Stavris, C. Chouaid, Gilles Quere, and Marie Marcq
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0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Discontinuation ,03 medical and health sciences ,Psoriatic arthritis ,030104 developmental biology ,Psoriasis ,Internal medicine ,Rheumatoid arthritis ,medicine ,Rituximab ,Progression-free survival ,Adverse effect ,Prospective cohort study ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICI) have revolutionised the management of several cancers, enhancing the anti-tumoral immune response. However they are responsible for many Immune Related Adverse Effects (IRAE), and therefore most patients with Preexisting Autoimmune Diseases (PAD) have been excluded from clinical trials. Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ICI in patients with PAD. Methods Three national expert networks, focusing respectively on skin cancers, thoracic cancers and inflammatory diseases participated in this study. All patients who received an ICI despite a PAD in clinical practice were included in this nationwide retrospective study. Results 112 patients were included: 64 men (57.1%), median age 66.5. Most patients received an anti-PD1 or anti-PD-L1 drug (84.8%). Main cancer types were melanoma (n=66, 58.9%) and Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma (NSCLC) (n=40; 35.7%). Median follow-up was 8 months [0–52]. Most frequent PAD were psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (27.6%), rheumatoid arthritis (17.8%), inflammatory bowel disease (12.5%), spondyloarthritis (4.5%), lupus (6.3%), polymyalgia rheumatica and/or giant-cell arteritis (6.3%). 24 patients (21.6%) were receiving an immunosuppressive therapy (IS) at ICI initiation (including steroids in 15, sDMARD in 10 and rituximab in 1). 37 patients (33%) had an active disease. PAD flares were frequent (n=47; 42%) and 30.4% of them were severe (grade CTCAE 3–4). 26 patients (56.5%) received an IS treatment for a flare (22 received steroids and 7 a DMARD). Other IRAEs not related to the PAD occurred in 43 patients (38.4%), 41.5% were severe. 23 patients (56.1%) required an IS (including a DMARD in 4). 36 patients (32.1%) discontinued ICI temporarily or definitively because of a flare or an IRAE. One patient died due to an IRAE. Concerning the anti-tumoral response, the Overall Response Rate (ORR) was 48.3% for melanoma and 53.8% for NSCLC. The median Progression Free Survival (PFS) was 12.4 months for melanoma and 9.7 for NSCLC. Median overall survival (OS) was not reached in any group. PFS and OS were shorter in patients receiving an IS treatment at ICI initiation (p=0.007, figure 1A, and p=0.003, respectively). PFS and OS were longer in patients who experienced a PAD flare or other IRAE, but this gain was lost when an IS was used to treat the flare/IRAE (p=0.008, figure 1B, and p=0.01, respectively). Conversely, this gain was not impacted with ICI discontinuation. Conclusions PAD flares and other IRAEs are frequent during ICI therapy and may be severe. The OS, ORR and PFS seem high in patients with PAD. The occurrence of a flare/IRAE is associated to a better outcome, gain lost when IS are used, while ICI discontinuation has no impact on PFS. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm our findings. Disclosure of Interest None declared
- Published
- 2018
5. Lichen plan induit par anti-PDL1
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C. Scalbert, M. Boileau, S. Faiz, Laurent Mortier, E. Martin de Lassalle, A. Greliak, and C. Herbaux
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Dermatology - Abstract
Introduction Le ligand de la proteine programed death 1 (PDL1) est un marqueur membranaire exprime par les cellules tumorales. Sa liaison au recepteur PD1 inactive les lymphocytes T. La comprehension de ce mecanisme d’echappement tumoral a permis la mise au point d’immunotherapies anti-PD1 et anti-PDL1. La plupart de leurs effets indesirables sont lies a l’activation du systeme immunitaire. Observation Une femme de 48 ans etait adressee en consultation de dermatologie pour une eruption prurigineuse evoluant depuis 2 mois. Elle avait pour antecedent un lymphome folliculaire traite en 2e ligne par atezolizumab (anti-PDL1) 27 injections, arrete pour reponse dissociee 2 mois auparavant. Elle n’avait aucun antecedent familial. Cliniquement, on observait un aspect blanc nacre de la langue et des levres. Des lesions blanchâtres, foliacees et erosives des faces internes des joues etaient douloureuses et responsables de sous-alimentation. De plus, des papules violacees recouvertes de stries blanchâtres, prurigineuses, siegeaient sur les faces anterieures des poignets, des jambes, et sur les plantes. Il n’y avait pas de lesion ungueale, ni genitale. Une biopsie cutanee etait realisee sur une lesion tibiale. L’examen anatomopathologique decrivait une hyperkeratose orthokeratosique, une spongiose, une acanthose inhomogene, des cretes epidermiques anastomosees, ainsi que la presence de necroses epidermiques. Le derme papillaire etait œdematie, avec un infiltrat de lymphocytes et d’histiocytes. L’ensemble etait en faveur d’un lichen plan. Nous posions le diagnostic de lichen plan favorise par les anti-PDL1. Une declaration de pharmacovigilance etait realisee. L’evolution etait favorable sous bains de bouche cortisones associes aux dermocorticoides. Le sevrage en corticoides topiques etait responsable d’une rechute, laissant supposer un effet remanent des anti-PDL1 ( Fig. 1 et 2 ). Discussion Le lichen plan est une dermatose inflammatoire frequente dont la physiopathologie est mal connue. Un mecanisme dysimmunitaire est suspecte. C’est un effet indesirable decrit sous anti-PD1. Nous rapportons ici le premier cas europeen sous anti-PDL1. A notre connaissance, une seule serie americaine de 3 cas ayant un lichen induit par anti-PD-L1 est rapportee dans la litterature. Dans cet article, les biopsies des 3 cas ont ete comparees a 6 cas controles (lichens plans et dermatoses lichenoides sans contexte medicamenteux). Les lichens sous anti-PDL1 etait significativement plus riches en histiocytes mais etaient comparables pour les marqueurs lymphocytaires T, B et NK. L’etude decrivait egalement plus de spongiose et de necroses epidermiques dans les cas induits. L’hypothese physiopathologique avancee serait une modification du phenotype macrophagique tissulaire par les anti-PDL1. Conclusion Nous rapportons une observation de lichen plan provoque par les anti-PDL1. Des etudes sont necessaires afin de mieux comprendre la physiopathologie du lichen plan et le role joue par les anti-PDL1 dans son declenchement.
- Published
- 2018
6. Cabines de bronzage : étude des motivations et croyances des utilisateurs et non-utilisateurs dans la population lilloise
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Olivier Cottencin, A. Bonnevalle, Alain Duhamel, Hélène Behal, R. Glantenet, C. Maire, M. Grenier, Laurent Mortier, and C. Scalbert
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Gynecology ,education.field_of_study ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Population ,Dermatology ,3. Good health ,030207 dermatology & venereal diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Medicine ,Sun exposure ,education ,business - Abstract
Resume Introduction L�utilisation non controlee des cabines de bronzage pose un probleme majeur de sante publique. En effet, le role des UV dans la cancerogenese cutanee est bien demontre. L�objectif principal de l�etude etait d�evaluer les motivations et les croyances de la population lilloise concernant l�utilisation des cabines UV. Les objectifs secondaires etaient de comparer les connaissances des utilisateurs et non-utilisateurs et de rechercher des criteres d�addiction chez les utilisateurs. Methode L�etude, menee entre avril et juin 2013 dans le centre de Lille, etait transversale et descriptive. Les motivations des participants etaient obtenues par un questionnaire a choix multiples. Une echelle de Likert etait utilisee pour l�evaluation des croyances et un questionnaire m-CAGE pour le depistage d�une addiction. Resultats Sur les 200 personnes interrogees, 30 % (n = 60) avaient deja utilise des cabines UV dans un cadre non medical. L�âge median de debut d�utilisation etait de 23 ans (15�59) et 11,7 % avaient debute avant l�âge autorise de 18 ans. « Preparer la peau au soleil » etait l�argument majoritaire (68,3 %) justifiant la frequentation des cabines UV. La population etait consciente que leur utilisation favorisait l�apparition de cancers cutanes et le vieillissement cutane. Les utilisateurs adheraient plus que les non-utilisateurs a l�idee que recevoir des UV en cabine « prepare la peau au soleil » (75 % contre 49,6 %, p = 0,0009) et « favorise le cancer de la peau » (56,9 % contre 36,2 %, p = 0,0444). Un comportement addictif etait depiste chez 3,3 % (2/60) des utilisateurs. Conclusion Les utilisateurs connaissent le risque carcinogene des cabines a UV mais s�exposent pensant, a tort, « preparer leur peau au soleil ». Summary Background Uncontrolled use of tanning beds is a major public health problem. The role of UV in skin carcinogenesis has in fact been clearly demonstrated. Aims The main purpose of the study was to assess the motivations and beliefs of the population concerning the use of indoor tanning. The secondary objectives were to compare the knowledge of users and non-users and to screen for addiction criteria among users. Patients and methods This was a transversal descriptive study conducted between April and June 2013 in Lille town center. The motivations of the participants were determined using a multiple-choice questionnaire. A Likert scale was used to assess beliefs and an m-CAGE questionnaire was used to screen for addiction. Results Of the 200 respondents, 30% (n = 60) had used tanning beds in a non-medical setting. The median age of first use was 23 years (15�59). 11.7% of respondents had started before the authorised age of 18 years. �To prepare the skin for exposure to the sun� was the main reason given (68.3%) for use of tanning beds. The population was aware that use of such apparatus favours onset of skin cancer and ageing of the skin. Users were more convinced than non-users that UV cabins �prepare the skin for exposure to the sun� (75% vs. 49.6%, P = 0.0009) and that they �favour skin cancer� (56.9% against 36.2%, P = 0.0444). Addictive behaviour was detected in 3.3% (2/60) of users. Conclusion Users are aware of the carcinogenic risk of UV cabins but expose themselves to such risk, as they believe it prepares their skin for sun exposure.
- Published
- 2015
7. SAT0144 Tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors and psychiatric side effects: results from the french pharmacovigilance database
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Nadine Petitpain, Emmanuel Delaporte, C Scalbert, Marc Lambert, Cécile Yelnik, L Gaboriau, H Théophile, and S Gautier
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Psychosis ,Psychomotor agitation ,business.industry ,Alpha (ethology) ,medicine.disease ,Euphoriant ,Pharmacovigilance ,Cohort ,medicine ,medicine.symptom ,Psychiatry ,business ,Mania ,Depression (differential diagnoses) - Abstract
Background Although Tumor Necosis Factor alpha (TNF-α) is a major proinflammatory cytokine in the brain, potential psychiatric side effects of TNF-α inhibitors have been little investigated. Manic and psychotic disorders are not recognized as TNF-α inhibitors9 side effects even though few reports of such complications have been reported. Objectives This study reports cases with psychiatric symptoms (in the spectrum of psychotic and manic disorders) that occur during treatment with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) inhibitors and aims to evaluate the role of these agents as causative factors. Methods We searched the French Pharmocovigilance Database for consecutive cases of positive psychiatric side effects reported during treatment with TNF-α inhibitors. Major psychiatric symptoms were defined, according to DSM-V, as mania and psychosis, and minor psychiatric symptoms as psychomotor agitation, euphoria, hallucinations, personality distortion, and increased libido. Each case had one major symptom or at least one minor symptom. Results Among 7912 consecutive cases of side effects registered in the database for TNF-α inhibitors, 184 reported psychiatric symptoms, and of these, 71 met inclusion criteria, whereas 113 met an exclusion criterion. Depression was the most frequent cause for exclusion. TNF-α inhibitors were the only medication suspected in 56 cases (79%). The time between beginning TNF-α inhibitors and onset of symptoms varied from hours to months with a median time of 49 days (IQR=156); initial symptoms mostly worsened under treatment. TNF-α inhibitors were withdrawn in 42 (61%) cases. The improvement of symptoms was significantly associated with treatment withdrawal (78% versus 22%, p=0.01). Relapses occurred after rechallenge of TNF-α inhibitors in three of four patients. Conclusions We report the first cohort of 71 cases with psychiatric symptoms in the spectrum of manic and psychotic disorders during treatment with TNF-α inhibitors. Our experience suggests that anti-TNFα therapy may cause manic or psychotic side effects. Disclosure of Interest None declared
- Published
- 2017
8. Fasciite à éosinophiles invalidante sous pembrolizumab
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C. Scalbert, E. Desmedt, S. Maanaoui, C. Templier, and L. Mortier
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Dermatology - Abstract
Introduction L’immunotherapie par pembrolizumab presente de nombreux effets indesirables dont le panel se complete de jour en jour. Nous decrivons un nouvel effet indesirable meconnu, une fasciite a eosinophiles (FE) sous pembrolizumab. Observations Une patiente de 61 ans etait traitee chirurgicalement pour un melanome SSM du pied droit en janvier 2011. Suite a l’apparition de metastases hepatiques et digestives en septembre 2015, un traitement par pembrolizumab etait instaure en octobre 2015, permettant une regression de la quasi-totalite des lesions en dehors d’une lesion unique digestive, pour laquelle un traitement par gammaknife etait realise en fevrier 2017. En octobre 2016, apparaissait une eosinophilie a 1200 elements/mm3 pour laquelle l’ensemble du bilan etiologique et de retentissement etait negatif. En mars 2017, la patiente decrivait l’apparition d’arthromyalgies des membres superieurs. Le bilan radiologique et immunologique realise etait normal. Devant l’apparition de douleurs musculaires diffuses associees a une difficulte a la marche et a la montee des escaliers, l’immunotherapie a ete arretee et la patiente a ete hospitalisee en rhumatologie. Une restriction de la mobilite articulaire et une induration cutanee des quatre membres etaient constatees. Il existait un signe de la priere. L’hypothese diagnostique de FE etait evoquee. Des l’arret de l’immunotherapie, une amelioration clinique etait notee. Le TEP scanner, l’IRM musculaire, et la biopsie cutanee profonde confirmaient le diagnostic, avec la mise en evidence d’une infiltration diffuse des aponevroses musculaires. Une corticotherapie par voie intraveineuse 1 g/jour pendant 3 jours etait instauree, relayee par un traitement per os a la dose de 1 mg/kg, permettant une evolution clinique et biologique favorable. Par ailleurs, le TEP scanner montrait une reponse tumorale complete. Discussion La FE (ou fasciite de Shulman) est une pathologie rare et invalidante caracterisee par un oedeme douloureux des membres, une induration cutanee et une limitation de la mobilite articulaire. L’evolution clinique sous corticotherapie est classiquement incertaine. L’hypereosinophilie est un effet secondaire bien decrit necessitant une simple surveillance tandis que la FE est meconnue. Un autre cas de FE survenant 4 mois apres l’arret du pembrolizumab a ete decrit, chez une patiente initialement traitee pendant 14 mois. Notre observation se distingue par l’apparition des symptomes sous traitement et la regression des douleurs des son arret. Ce deuxieme cas permet de confirmer l’imputabilite de l’immunotherapie dans la survenue de la FE. La physiopathologie de la FE est encore inconnue. Cette observation souleve l’interrogation d’un eventuel mecanisme auto-immun sous-jacent ( Fig. 1 et 2 ). Conclusion La FE peut etre un effet secondaire de l’immunotherapie et doit etre evoquee rapidement en cas de manifestations articulaires afin d’introduire precocement une corticotherapie.
- Published
- 2017
9. Mise en place d’une consultation pharmaceutique de primo-prescription d’un anticancéreux oral pour les patients atteints de mélanome
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Pascal Odou, Laurent Mortier, Damien Lannoy, Bertrand Décaudin, J. Delvoye, Nicolas Simon, C. Scalbert, and M Vasseur
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Dermatology - Abstract
Introduction La prise en charge du melanome avance ou metastatique a beaucoup evolue ces dernieres annees avec notamment la mise sur le marche des therapies ciblees orales (TCO). Avec ces medicaments, de nouvelles problematiques apparaissent dans la prise en charge des patients dont la gestion des effets indesirables au domicile, l’adherence au traitement et le risque d’interactions medicamenteuses avec les autres traitements du patient pouvant diminuer l’efficacite ou augmenter la toxicite. Afin de securiser la prise en charge des patients, une consultation pharmaceutique a ete mise en place. Le but de ce travail est de presenter les premiers resultats du suivi pharmaceutique realise. Materiel et methodes Six patients chez lesquels une TCO a ete initiee etaient inclus depuis janvier 2017 dans une etude prospective de faisabilite. La consultation pharmaceutique avait lieu le jour de l’initiation de la TCO apres la consultation medicale afin d’informer le patient sur la TCO et de realiser une conciliation medicamenteuse pour etablir la liste exhaustive des traitements pris a domicile. Puis, une analyse des interactions medicamenteuses entre la TCO et les autres traitements etait realisee. Une consultation pharmaceutique de suivi a 1 mois etait realisee. Le nombre d’interactions medicamenteuses, d’interventions pharmaceutiques (IP) et l’adherence au traitement a l’aide du score de Morisky etaient evalues. Resultats Les 6 patientes sont des femmes et la moyenne d’âge est de 56,8 ans (min : 42 ; max : 77). Les TCO concernees sont l’association dabrafenib + trametinib dans 3 cas et vemurafenib + cobimetinib dans 3 cas. Seules 2 patientes etaient revues a 1 mois, le traitement ayant ete arrete pour iatrogenie pour 4 patientes. Au total, 11 interactions medicamenteuses etaient retrouvees lors de la consultation initiale (moy : 1,8 ; min : 0 ; max : 3) et 5 interactions medicamenteuses lors de la consultation a 1 mois. Les medicaments impliques etaient les antiacides dont l’esomeprazole dans 6 cas, les corticoides dans 3 cas, les antiemetiques dans 2 cas, les anxiolytiques et hypnotiques dans 3 cas et les neuroleptiques dans 1 cas. Une interaction avec l’alimentation enterale etaient relevee. Les IP ont conduit a un arret du traitement associe a la TCO dans 2 cas, une modification de posologie dans 2 cas, un suivi clinique dans 2 cas, une optimisation des modalites d’administration dans 1 cas et une reevaluation de la prescription dans les autres cas. L’adherence au traitement a 1 mois etait cotee a 7/8 (adherence moyenne) et 8/8 (bonne adherence). Discussion Ces premiers resultats montrent un reel risque d’interactions medicamenteuses et de iatrogenie avec les TCO. L’adherence semble globalement bonne mais ces chiffres doivent etre confirmes sur un echantillon plus grand. Conclusion Une prise en charge pluridisciplinaire avec un temps dedie pour un pharmacien est necessaire pour optimiser la prise en charge des patients.
- Published
- 2017
10. Sécurité d’emploi des inhibiteurs de checkpoint immunitaire chez les patients atteints d’une maladie auto-immune pré-existante
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F. Brunet-Possenti, Nora Kramkimel, Gilles Quere, C. Scalbert, Divi Cornec, M. Lambert, Nathalie Beneton, Ouidad Zehou, Anne Pham-Ledard, François Skowron, Thierry Lesimple, Sandrine Mansard, M. Kostine, Sarah Maanaoui, M. Marq, F. Aubin, Laurent Misery, Damien Giacchero, A. Tison, S. Martinez, and C. Roge
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Dermatology - Abstract
Introduction Les inhibiteurs de point de controle (checkpoint) immunitaire, en inhibant des molecules immunosuppressives surexprimees dans l’environnement tumoral comme CTLA4 ou PD1, augmentent la reponse immunitaire anti-tumorale, mais au risque d’effets secondaires auto-immuns (ESAI). Les patients atteints de maladie auto-immune (MAI) ont donc ete exclus des essais cliniques testant ces molecules. Le but de cette etude est d’evaluer leur securite d’emploi en pratique courante chez les patients atteints de MAI pre-existante, ainsi que la reponse anti-tumorale dans cette population. Materiel et methodes Il s’agit d’une etude retrospective multicentrique nationale, realisee grâce a la collaboration du groupe de cancerologie cutanee (GCC), du groupe francais de pneumo-cancerologie (GFPC) et du club rhumatisme et inflammation (CRI). Resultats Parmi les 31 patients inclus (19 hommes (61 %), âge median 66 ans), les MAI les plus frequentes etaient la PR (n = 9 ; 29 %), le psoriasis (n = 6 ; 19 %), le lupus (n = 4 ; 13 %), la RCH (n = 3 ; 10 %) et la SpA (n = 3 ; 10 %). 11 patients (35 %) etaient sous traitement immunosuppresseur au debut de l’immunotherapie, 10 avaient une maladie consideree active. Les types de cancers etaient des melanomes (n = 16 ; 52 %), des cancers pulmonaires non a petites cellules (n = 12 ; 39 %) et des cancers urologiques (n = 3 ; 9 %), avec une duree mediane d’evolution de 19 mois. La majorite des patients (30/31) ont recu un anti-PD1, pour une duree mediane de 4 mois. Les poussees de MAI sous immunotherapie etaient frequentes (n = 18 ; 58 %) mais moderees pour la plupart, CTCAE grade 1–2 (n = 12 ; 67 %), grade 3–4 (n = 3 ; 17 %). Pour ces poussees, 14 patients (78 %) ont recu des corticoides ou AINS, et 3 (17 %) du methotrexate ou acitretine. Des effets secondaires auto-immuns sans lien avec la MAI sont apparus chez 10 patients (32 %) : arthralgies (n = 5), colite (n = 2), thyroidite (n = 2) et vitiligo (n = 2), de severite moderee egalement. Aucun patient n’a recu d’anti-TNF, autant pour une poussee de MAI que pour un ESAI autre. L’immunotherapie a ete stoppee chez 5 patients pour effet secondaire immunologique. Concernant le taux de reponse du cancer, 4 patients sur 11 sous immunosuppresseurs etaient repondeurs (36 %) contre 12 des 20 autres patients (60 %). Discussion Les poussees de MAI sous immunotherapie sont frequentes. Des ESAI autres sont aussi possibles, controlables sous corticotherapie seule. La reponse anti-tumorale pourrait etre moindre lorsqu’il existe un traitement immunosuppresseur au debut de l’immunotherapie, dans la limite du faible effectif de l’etude. Conclusion La tolerance des immunotherapies chez les patients atteints de MAI semble donc acceptable, mais un suivi multidisciplinaire avec le medecin referent de la MAI semble approprie.
- Published
- 2017
11. Augmentation de la prévalence des toxidermies sévères sous thérapie ciblée après immunothérapie dans le mélanome métastatique (étude rétrospective)
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Delphine Staumont-Sallé, M. Lamiaux, C. Templier, C. Scalbert, E. Desmedt, Laurent Mortier, and P. Lepesant
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Dermatology - Abstract
Introduction Les combinaisons de therapie ciblee (TC) en 1re ligne induisent peu d’eruptions cutanees severes. Or, nous avons constate 8 observations de toxidermies severes dont 5 tableaux severes de type DRESS avec atteinte systemique sous combinaison de TC chez des patients qui avaient recu anterieurement une immunotherapie (IT). Nous avons realise une etude retrospective afin de mettre en evidence une difference en termes de toxicite cutanee sous TC entre les patients exposes anterieurement a une IT a ceux non exposes. Materiel et methodes Il s’agit d’une etude retrospective incluant 42 patients suivis pour melanome metastatique et ayant recu un traitement par combinaison de TC dans le service de dermatologie du CHRU de Lille de juin 2015 a avril 2017. Resultats Sur nos 42 patients traites par combinaison de TC pour un melanome metastatique, nous avons observe 10 eruptions cutanees severes (23,8 %) dont 8 avaient recu une IT anterieure (80 %). Sur ces 8 patients, 5 etaient des toxidermies severes type DRESS ( Tableau 1 ) de presentation atypique avec absence d’eosinophilie, delai d’apparition court et syndromes de chevauchement pouvant faire evoquer un Stevens-Johnson ou une PEAG (atteinte muqueuse ou pustuleuse). Parmi les patients qui etaient exposes anterieurement a une IT, 47,1 % ont presente une toxidermie severe sous therapie ciblee (71,4 % sous vemurafenib – cobimetinib (VC) et 30 % sous dabrafenib–trametinib (DT)). Parmi les patients traites en 1re ligne par TC, 8 % seulement ont presente une toxidermie severe sous TC (aucun pour DT). Discussion Nous presentons la premiere etude sur les toxidermies severes sous combinaison de TC. Dans les essais therapeutiques, les TC sont testees en premiere ligne. Dans notre centre, les patients avaient souvent recu une IT prealable. On constatait une prevalence beaucoup plus elevee que dans les essais de phase III d’eruptions cutanees severes sous combinaison de TC, probablement liee a l’IT anterieure. Nous avons 4 fois plus d’eruptions cutanees severes sous TC lorsque le patient a ete precedemment expose a une IT ( Tableau 2 ). L’hypothese physiopathologique serait que l’IT precedemment introduite implique un blocage des voies de regulation du systeme immunitaire. Lorsqu’il y a une reaction d’hypersensibilite aux medicaments sous TC, elle est alors amplifiee par le manque d’autoregulation du systeme immunitaire en raison de l’action prolongee de l’IT provoquant un effet synergique toxique. Conclusion L’incidence et l’intensite des toxidermies severes apparaissent plus importantes sous TC lorsqu’il existe une exposition anterieure a une IT. L’IT peut amplifier les effets secondaires des TC. En cas de survenue d’une eruption cutanee sous TC avec IT anterieure, une surveillance rapprochee est necessaire avec introduction d’une corticotherapie generale des atteinte systemique.
- Published
- 2017
12. Diabète sous immunothérapie : un diagnostic à ne pas manquer
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M. Roberge, Laurent Mortier, E. Merlen, A. Jannin, P. Lepesant, C. Scalbert, and E. Desmedt
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Dermatology - Abstract
Introduction Les immunotherapies ont ameliore la survie globale des patients atteints de melanome metastatique. Ces traitements generent des manifestations auto-immunes, notamment endocrinologiques. Nous rapportons un cas de diabete survenu sous pembrolizumab revele par un coma acidocetosique. Observations Une femme de 45 ans etait amenee aux urgences en 2015 pour coma acidocetosique. Elle presentait un melanome sous-mammaire droit decouvert en 2013, d’indice de Breslow 8 mm, ulcere, BRAF mute, complique de metastases cutanees, ganglionnaires, hepatiques, pulmonaires, osseuses, spleniques et cerebrales. Elle avait beneficie de multiples lignes de traitement systemique : une combinaison anti-RAF et anti-MEK et 4 cures d’immunotherapie par anti-CTLA4. Une 3e ligne de traitement par anti-PD1 de type pembrolizumab etait debutee en 2014 avec une bonne tolerance initiale. Apres 17 injections de pembrolizumab, la patiente presentait un coma acidocetosique associe a un choc hypovolemique et complique d’une crise convulsive generalisee. Le pronostic vital etant engage, la patiente etait hospitalisee en reanimation. La glycemie initiale etait a 10,8 g/L. Le dosage du C-peptide, des anticorps specifiques du diabete auto-immun (anti-GAD, anti-ilots, anti-insuline, anti-IA2 et anti-ZnT8) etaient negatifs au moment du diagnostic, a 6 mois et a 1 an. Toutefois, la patiente presentait un haplotype HLA DR4/DQ8 predisposant au diabete de type 1 auto-immun. Une insulinotherapie basal-bolus etait instauree, avec un equilibre correct du diabete. Le pembrolizumab etait reintroduit. La patiente est restee diabetique jusqu’a son deces, survenu fin 2016 des suites de l’evolution de son melanome. Discussion Les anti-PD1 ont ameliore la survie des patients atteints de melanome metastatique, avec une qualite de vie superieure aux chimiotherapies classiques. Cependant, ces traitements generent des complications auto-immunes pour lesquelles le pronostic vital peut etre engage. Une cinquantaine de cas de diabete induit par anti-PD1 sont decrits, parfois reveles par une acidocetose liee a une insulinopenie. Ce phenomene reste rare avec une prevalence inferieure a 1 %. La plupart de ces patients presentent un typage HLA predisposant pour le diabete auto-immun et des antecedents auto-immuns. A notre connaissance, un seul cas de diabete immunomedie sous anti-PD1 a pu etre sevre en insuline apres arret de l’immunotherapie. Les anticorps anti-PD1 semblent donc siderer de maniere permanente les cellules β. L’originalite de notre observation tient notamment a la severite de son mode de revelation. Il est egalement a noter l’absence d’anticorps specifiques du diabete auto-immun et l’absence d’antecedent d’auto-immunite. Conclusion Les effets secondaires auto-immuns des immunotherapies peuvent etre severes. Le dermatologue doit savoir rechercher les signes cardinaux du diabete et realiser un dosage systematique de la glycemie a jeun chez les patients sous anti-PD1.
- Published
- 2017
13. Éruption bulleuse aiguë du visage
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Fabienne Jouen, Sylvain Dubucquoi, Delphine Staumont-Sallé, M. Levavasseur, Sophie Duvert-Lehembre, E. Martin de Lassalle, M. Lamiaux, E. Hachulla, and C. Scalbert
- Subjects
Dermatology - Abstract
Introduction Les maladies bulleuses auto-immunes sont un groupe heterogene de maladies rares. Nous rapportons une observation de lupus bulleux. Observations Une femme de 22 ans, d’origine ivoirienne, aux antecedents de drepanocytose et de migraine, consultait pour une eruption aigue faite de bulles tendues en peau saine du visage et d’un bras associee a une gingivite erosive et une bulle endo-buccale. Les diagnostics evoques etaient une epidermolyse bulleuse acquise (EBA) du fait du phototype VI, une dermatose a IgA lineaire, voire un pemphigus vulgaire. Le bilan biologique revelait une lymphopenie et une cytolyse hepatique. L’histologie cutanee montrait une bulle sous-epidermique avec infiltrat de neutrophiles (PNN) au plancher. L’immunofluorescence (IF) directe met en evidence un marquage jonctionnel lineaire d’IgG, C3, IgA et IgM. L’IF indirecte sur peau clivee etait positive. L’immunoblot epidermique et dermique etait negatif mais l’ELISA anti-collagene 7 positif etait evocateur d’EBA. La presence d’anticorps anti-ADN natif, anti-Sm, anti-RNP et anti-SSA faisait finalement retenir le diagnostic de lupus bulleux (LB). Aucune atteinte renale, cardiaque et neurologique n’etait mise en evidence chez la patiente. L’introduction d’hydroxychloroquine (HQ) associee a la dapsone permettait une guerison complete des lesions et une normalisation du bilan hepatique ( Fig. 1 et 2 ). Discussion Le LB, forme rare ( Conclusion Toute eruption bulleuse chez une jeune femme noire doit faire rechercher un lupus bulleux. Ce dernier est a considerer comme un facteur de mauvais pronostic du lupus, car frequemment associe a une atteinte systemique grave (renale et neurologique). La dapsone en est le traitement de choix.
- Published
- 2018
14. Mitochondrial oxidative stress is the achille's heel of melanoma cells resistant to Braf-mutant inhibitor
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Fanny André, Stéphane Rocchi, Stéphane Balayssac, Jerome Kluza, Guillaume Garçon, Philippe Marchetti, C. Scalbert, Myriam Malet-Martino, Laurent Mortier, Paola Corazao-Rozas, Pierre Formstecher, Ariel Savina, Aurélie Jonneaux, Pierre Guerreschi, and M. Jendoubi
- Subjects
Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf ,Programmed cell death ,Indoles ,oxidative phosphorylation ,Oxidative phosphorylation ,Drug resistance ,Mice, SCID ,Mitochondrion ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Mice ,Cell Line, Tumor ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Vemurafenib ,neoplasms ,Melanoma ,Sulfonamides ,ROS ,medicine.disease ,Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays ,elesclomol ,Mitochondria ,Oxidative Stress ,Oncology ,chemistry ,Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ,Immunology ,Cancer research ,Elesclomol ,Female ,Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor ,Reactive Oxygen Species ,metabolism ,Oxidative stress ,medicine.drug ,Research Paper - Abstract
Vemurafenib/PLX4032, a selective inhibitor of mutant BRAFV600E, constitutes a paradigm shift in melanoma therapy. Unfortunately, acquired resistance, which unavoidably occurs, represents one major limitation to clinical responses. Recent studies have highlighted that vemurafenib activated oxidative metabolism in BRAFV600E melanomas expressing PGC1α. However, the oxidative state of melanoma resistant to BRAF inhibitors is unknown. We established representative in vitro and in vivo models of human melanoma resistant to vemurafenib including primary specimens derived from melanoma patients. Firstly, our study reveals that vemurafenib increased mitochondrial respiration and ROS production in BRAFV600E melanoma cell lines regardless the expression of PGC1α. Secondly, melanoma cells that have acquired resistance to vemurafenib displayed intrinsically high rates of mitochondrial respiration associated with elevated mitochondrial oxidative stress irrespective of the presence of vemurafenib. Thirdly, the elevated ROS level rendered vemurafenib-resistant melanoma cells prone to cell death induced by pro-oxidants including the clinical trial drug, elesclomol. Based on these observations, we propose that the mitochondrial oxidative signature of resistant melanoma constitutes a novel opportunity to overcome resistance to BRAF inhibition.
- Published
- 2013
15. Patient-derived tumor xenograft model to guide the use of BRAF inhibitors in metastatic melanoma
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Veronique Martinot-Duquennoy, Laurent Mortier, Jerome Kluza, A. Qassemyar, C. Scalbert, Damien Huglo, Pierre Formstecher, P. Guerreschi, Philippe Marchetti, and Laura Ravasi
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Adult ,Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf ,Oncology ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Indoles ,Skin Neoplasms ,Time Factors ,Metastatic melanoma ,Antineoplastic Agents ,Standardized uptake value ,Mice, SCID ,Dermatology ,Multimodal Imaging ,Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Adverse effect ,Vemurafenib ,Melanoma ,Protein Kinase Inhibitors ,neoplasms ,Cell Proliferation ,Fluorodeoxyglucose ,Sulfonamides ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays ,Tumor Burden ,Positron emission tomography ,Positron-Emission Tomography ,Mutation ,Immunohistochemistry ,Female ,Radiopharmaceuticals ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Recently, the BRAF V600 inhibitor, vemurafenib, has revolutionized the therapeutic management of metastatic melanoma. However, adverse effects and the onset of resistance are frequently observed, limiting the efficacy of this treatment. Patient-derived tumor xenografts (PDTX) engrafted in immunocompromised mice have been proposed as valuable preclinical models that can predict clinical response to treatments. Here, we established a PDTX model of BRAF V600E melanoma useful for testing the efficacy of vemurafenib. First, we validated the stability of the model that was similar to the original tumor with respect to histology, immunohistochemistry, mutational status, and fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose ([(18)F]FDG)-PET/computed tomography (CT). Next, the sensitivity of the xenografts to vemurafenib was determined by tumor growth inhibition and decreased in standardized uptake value on [(18)F]FDG-PET/CT. Finally, this result, using personalized PDTX, allowed successful rechallenge with vemurafenib in a patient who was administered a lower dose of vemurafenib because of the onset of adverse events. Overall, we found that PDTX provides 'real-time' results in an animal that phenocopies the biology and expected vemurafenib responses of the tumor in a patient with BRAF V600E melanoma. Thus, this 'coclinical' trial using PDTX can help guide vemurafenib treatment for metastatic melanoma.
- Published
- 2013
16. Targeted therapies and melanoma: practical approach and implications for treatment decision
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C. Scalbert and L. Mortier
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Gynecology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Oncology ,business.industry ,Medicine ,business - Abstract
Les avancees recentes de la genetique moleculaire permettent de proposer de nouvelles therapies prometteuses du melanome metastatique. De nouvelles voies de signalisations ont ete decrites permettant de definir de veritables cartes d’identite genomique du melanome, ouvrant ainsi la porte a de nombreuses therapies ciblees. Trois mutations specifiques d’oncogenes, activant la voie des MAP-kinases, ont ete identifiees: BRAF, NRAS et c-KIT. Les traitements ciblant ces mutations tels que le vemurafenib, un nouvel anti-RAF (le dabrafenib) et des anti-MEK dont le trametinib ont montre des resultats prometteurs lors d’etudes de phase III. Les resultats preliminaires de l’association dabrafenib/trametinib sont egalement tres encourageants.
- Published
- 2013
17. Photoprotection et transplantation rénale… 10 ans après
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E. Mahé, J.-L. Schmutz, F. Aubin, C. Scalbert, Henri Adamski, Stéphane Barete, C. Fargeas, and Martine Avenel-Audran
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Dermatology - Abstract
Introduction L’incidence des cancers de la peau dans les transplantations d’organes est elevee. Les principaux facteurs impliques dans la carcinogenese sont l’immunosuppression et l’exposition au rayonnement ultraviolet. Seule la seconde est evitable. En 2003, une etude monocentrique francaise avait evalue les connaissances et les comportements solaires de patients transplantes renaux (TR) (Mahe et al., Transplantation 2003). Depuis 10 ans, de grands travaux ont ete publies sur le risque carcinologique chez les TR et l’effet favorable de la prevention solaire ou du switch therapeutique. Des campagnes de prevention, non ciblees, ont ete effectuees par les autorites sanitaires. Parallelement, la France a vu l’expansion de la pratique des cabines a bronzage. Nous avons evalue et compare, 10 ans plus tard, la connaissance et le respect des mesures de protection contre le soleil sur une etude multicentrique en les comparant a celles obtenues dans une etude realisee en 2003. Materiel et methodes Une enquete a ete realisee dans 7 centres en France aupres de 583 TR en s’appuyant sur la methodologie utilisee en 2003. Les resultats ont ete compares a ceux de l’etude de 2003 (445 TR). Resultats En 2014, plus de TR ont ete informes de la necessite de se proteger du soleil (96 % vs 91 %, p = 0,0003), ils se consideraient mieux informes (90 % vs 78 %, p Discussion Cette enquete, 1re de ce type, montre que le risque solaire est mieux connu en 2014 qu’en 2003 chez les TR, avec une augmentation de l’investissement des medecins transplanteurs et generalistes. La plupart des TR sont conscients de la necessite d’une protection solaire mais il n’y a pas d’amelioration franche des comportements. Plusieurs explications peuvent etre proposees telles que biais methodologiques (origine du recrutement et populations differentes), saturation des messages de prevention, message insuffisamment repete ou faible suivi dermatologique. Conclusion Cette etude interpelle quant a la saturation potentielle des messages de prevention des transplantes et montre les limites de la prevention solaire.
- Published
- 2016
18. P2.07-023 Safety of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Patients with Preexisting Autoimmune Disease
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D. Cornec, A. Pham-Ledard, F. Brunet-Possenti, T. Lesimple, M. Kostine, C. Roge, Ouidad Zehou, C. Scalbert, A. Tison, S. Martinez, Margaux Geier, L. Misery, Sandrine Mansard, M. Lambert, François Skowron, N. Beneton, François Aubin, Nora Kramkimel, S. Maanaoui, Marie Marcq, Damien Giacchero, and Gilles Quere
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Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Autoimmune disease ,Oncology ,business.industry ,Immune checkpoint inhibitors ,Immunology ,Medicine ,In patient ,business ,medicine.disease - Published
- 2017
19. Dietary flavonoid and lignan intake and breast cancer risk according to menopause and hormone receptor status in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Study
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Zamora-Ros, Raul Ferrari, Pietro Gonzalez, Carlos A. and Tjonneland, Anne Olsen, Anja Bredsdorff, Lea Overvad, Kim and Touillaud, Marina Perquier, Florence Fagherazzi, Guy and Lukanova, Annekatrin Tikk, Kaja Aleksandrova, Krasimira and Boeing, Heiner Trichopoulou, Antonia Trichopoulos, Dimitrios and Dilis, Vardis Masala, Giovanna Sieri, Sabina Mattiello, Amalia Tumino, Rosario Ricceri, Fulvio Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas Peeters, Petra H. M. Weiderpass, Elisabete Skeie, Guri and Engeset, Dagrun Menendez, Virginia Travier, Noemie and Molina-Montes, Esther Amiano, Pilar Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores and Barricarte, Aurelio Wallstrom, Peter Sonestedt, Emily Sund, Malin Landberg, Rikard Khaw, Kay-Thee Wareham, Nicholas J. and Travis, Ruth C. Scalbert, Augustin Ward, Heather A. and Riboli, Elio Romieu, Isabelle
- Abstract
Evidence on the association between dietary flavonoids and lignans and breast cancer (BC) risk is inconclusive, with the possible exception of isoflavones in Asian countries. Therefore, we investigated prospectively dietary total and subclasses of flavonoid and lignan intake and BC risk according to menopause and hormonal receptor status in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. The study included 334,850 women, mostly aged between 35 and 70 years from ten European countries. At baseline, country-specific validated dietary questionnaires were used. A flavonoid and lignan food composition database was developed from the US Department of Agriculture, the Phenol-Explorer and the UK Food Standards Agency databases. Cox regression models were used to analyse the association between dietary flavonoid/lignan intake and the risk of developing BC. During an average 11.5-year follow-up, 11,576 incident BC cases were identified. No association was observed between the intake of total flavonoids [hazard ratio comparing fifth to first quintile (HRQ5-Q1) 0.97, 95 % confidence interval (CI): 0.90-1.04; P trend = 0.591], isoflavones (HRQ5-Q1 1.00, 95 % CI: 0.91-1.10; P trend = 0.734), or total lignans (HRQ5-Q1 1.02, 95 % CI: 0.93-1.11; P trend = 0.469) and overall BC risk. The stratification of the results by menopausal status at recruitment or the differentiation of BC cases according to oestrogen and progesterone receptors did not affect the results. This study shows no associations between flavonoid and lignan intake and BC risk, overall or after taking into account menopausal status and BC hormone receptors.
- Published
- 2013
20. Comparison of standardised dietary folate intake across ten countries participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
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Park, J.Y. Nicolas, G. Freisling, H. Biessy, C. Scalbert, A. Romieu, I. Chajès, V. Chuang, S.-C. Ericson, U. Wallström, P. Ros, M.M. Peeters, P.H.M. Mattiello, A. Palli, D. María Huerta, J. Amiano, P. Halkjær, J. Dahm, C.C. Trichopoulou, A. Orfanos, P. Teucher, B. Feller, S. Skeie, G. Engeset, D. Boutron-Ruault, M.-C. Clavel-Chapelon, F. Crowe, F. Khaw, K.-T. Vineis, P. Slimani, N.
- Abstract
Folate plays an important role in the synthesis and methylation of DNA as a cofactor in one-carbon metabolism. Inadequate folate intake has been linked to adverse health events. However, comparable information on dietary folate intake across European countries has never been reported. The objective of the present study was to describe the dietary folate intake and its food sources in ten countries in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted in 36034 participants (aged 35-74 years) who completed a single 24h dietary recall using a computerised interview software program, EPIC-Soft® (International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon). Dietary folate intake was estimated using the standardised EPIC Nutrient DataBase, adjusted for age, energy intake, weight and height and weighted by season and day of recall. Adjusted mean dietary folate intake in most centres ranged from 250 to 350μg/d in men and 200 to 300μg/d in women. Folate intake tended to be lower among current smokers and heavier alcohol drinkers and to increase with educational level, especially in women. Supplement users (any types) were likely to report higher dietary folate intake in most centres. Vegetables, cereals and fruits, nuts and seeds were the main contributors to folate intake. Nonetheless, the type and pattern of consumption of these main food items varied across the centres. These first comparisons of standardised dietary folate intakes across different European populations show moderate regional differences (except the UK health conscious group), and variation by sex, educational level, smoking and alcohol-drinking status, and supplement use. © 2011 The Authors.
- Published
- 2012
21. Prise en charge thérapeutique personnalisée du mélanome métastatique à l’aide de xénogreffes tumorales dérivées du patient (PTDX)
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P. Guerreschi, Philippe Marchetti, C Scalbert, Laurent Mortier, and A. Qassemyar
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Dermatology - Published
- 2013
22. Effet antitumoral induit par l’association dichloroacétate+elesclomol chez des souris SCID atteintes de mélanome métastatique
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Philippe Marchetti, Jerome Kluza, C Scalbert, Laurent Mortier, C. Maire, and P. Guerreschi
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Dermatology - Published
- 2012
23. Association entre rhinophyma et développement de carcinomes basocellulaires
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G. Poiret, N. Corbisier, E. Desmedt, Laurent Mortier, and C. Scalbert
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Dermatology - Published
- 2011
24. Ulcérations génitales au cours d’un traitement par inhibiteurs de mTOR
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C. Scalbert, A. Najem, S. Vercambre-Darras, D. Deregnaucourt, and F. Djouba
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Dermatology - Published
- 2011
25. Effet du vémurafénib sur le stress oxydant dans les cellules de mélanome métastatique sensibles puis résistantes et perspectives thérapeutiques
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Laurent Mortier, Fabrice Andre, C Scalbert, P. Corazao Tartar, and Philippe Marchetti
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Dermatology - Published
- 2013
26. Mélanome métastatique BRAFV600E+ et CKIT+ : prise en charge thérapeutique guidée par l’expérimentation animale
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C. Descarpentries, A. Qassemyar, Laurent Mortier, Philippe Marchetti, P. Guerreschi, and C Scalbert
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Dermatology - Published
- 2013
27. Prise en charge personnalisée du mélanome métastatique à l’aide de xénogreffes dérivées de tumeurs de patients : concept, mise en place et perspectives
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C Scalbert, A. Qassemyar, Laurent Mortier, P. Guerreschi, and Philippe Marchetti
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Dermatology - Published
- 2013
28. The combination of ipilimumab and nivolumab is still not reimbursed for BRAF-mutated melanoma patients in France: An unacceptable medical situation that raises ethical concerns.
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Amini-Adle M, Arnault JP, Aubin F, Beneton N, Bens G, Brunet-Possenti F, Célerier P, Charles J, Crumbach L, Dalac S, Darras S, De Quatrebarbes J, Dinulescu M, Dutriaux C, Gaudy C, Gérard E, Giacchero D, Granel-Brocard F, Grange F, Jouary T, Kramkimel N, Lebbé C, Le Corre Y, Legoupil D, Lesage C, Lesimple T, Lorphelin JM, Mansard S, Martin L, Mary-Prey S, Maubec E, Meyer N, Mignard C, Montaudie H, Mortier L, Nardin C, Neidhardt Berard EM, Pagès Laurent C, Peuvrel L, Quereux G, Robert C, Saiag P, Saint-Jean M, Samimi M, Sassolas B, Scalbert C, Skowron F, Steff M, Stoebner PE, Trablesi S, Visseaux L, Zehou O, and Boespflug A
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- Humans, Nivolumab therapeutic use, Ipilimumab therapeutic use, Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf genetics, France, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, Melanoma drug therapy, Melanoma genetics, Skin Neoplasms drug therapy, Skin Neoplasms genetics
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Safety and Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Patients With Cancer and Preexisting Autoimmune Disease: A Nationwide, Multicenter Cohort Study.
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Tison A, Quéré G, Misery L, Funck-Brentano E, Danlos FX, Routier E, Robert C, Loriot Y, Lambotte O, Bonniaud B, Scalbert C, Maanaoui S, Lesimple T, Martinez S, Marcq M, Chouaid C, Dubos C, Brunet-Possenti F, Stavris C, Chiche L, Beneton N, Mansard S, Guisier F, Doubre H, Skowron F, Aubin F, Zehou O, Roge C, Lambert M, Pham-Ledard A, Beylot-Barry M, Veillon R, Kramkimel N, Giacchero D, De Quatrebarbes J, Michel C, Auliac JB, Gonzales G, Decroisette C, Le Garff G, Carpiuc I, Vallerand H, Nowak E, Cornec D, and Kostine M
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- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Autoimmune Diseases complications, Female, Humans, Immunotherapy, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasms immunology, Progression-Free Survival, Retrospective Studies, Survival Rate, Symptom Flare Up, Treatment Outcome, Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological adverse effects, Autoimmune Diseases drug therapy, Immunosuppressive Agents adverse effects, Neoplasms drug therapy, Neoplasms mortality
- Abstract
Objective: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for cancer therapy frequently induce immune-related adverse effects (IRAEs). Therefore, most patients with preexisting autoimmune diseases have been excluded from clinical trials of ICIs. This study was undertaken to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ICIs in patients with preexisting autoimmune disease and cancer., Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted from January 2017 to January 2018 via 3 French national networks of experts in oncology and autoimmunity. Adults with preexisting autoimmune disease who were receiving ICIs were assessed for the occurrence of flare of preexisting autoimmune disease, other IRAEs, and cancer response., Results: The study included 112 patients who were followed up for a median of 8 months. The most frequent preexisting autoimmune diseases were psoriasis (n = 31), rheumatoid arthritis (n = 20), and inflammatory bowel disease (n = 14). Twenty-four patients (22%) were receiving immunosuppressive therapy at ICI initiation. Autoimmune disease flare and/or other IRAE(s) occurred in 79 patients (71%), including flare of preexisting autoimmune disease in 53 patients (47%) and/or other IRAE(s) in 47 patients (42%), with a need for immunosuppressive therapy in 48 patients (43%) and permanent discontinuation of ICI in 24 patients (21%). The median progression-free survival was shorter in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy at ICI initiation (3.8 months versus 12 months; P = 0.006), confirmed by multivariable analysis. The median progression-free survival was shorter in patients who experienced a flare of preexisting autoimmune disease or other IRAE, with a trend toward better survival in the subgroup without immunosuppressant use or ICI discontinuation., Conclusion: Our findings indicate that flares or IRAEs occur frequently but are mostly manageable without ICI discontinuation in patients with a preexisting autoimmune disease. Immunosuppressive therapy at baseline is associated with poorer outcomes., (© 2019, American College of Rheumatology.)
- Published
- 2019
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30. Severe skin toxicity with organ damage under the combination of targeted therapy following immunotherapy in metastatic melanoma.
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Lamiaux M, Scalbert C, Lepesant P, Desmedt E, Templier C, Dziwniel V, Staumont-Sallé D, and Mortier L
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- Female, Humans, Male, Melanoma immunology, Melanoma pathology, Retrospective Studies, Skin Neoplasms immunology, Skin Neoplasms pathology, Immunotherapy methods, Melanoma complications, Skin Neoplasms complications
- Abstract
Targeted therapy combination (TTC: antiRAF+antiMEK) is known to improve metastatic melanoma survival. Few severe skin toxicities (grade ≥3) are described with first-line TTC (17% for vemurafenib+cobimetinib and none for dabrafenib+trametinib) in a phase III trial. Among our 42 patients treated by TTC between January 2014 and March 2017, 4.8% (2/42) of those treated in the first line presented severe skin rash versus 19% (8/42) of patients treated in the second line after previous immunotherapy. In particular, we observed one case of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and four cases of severe drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome under TTC in patients who had received immunotherapy previously. Thus, previous immunotherapy appears to play an important role in the skin rash onset and severity induced by TTC.
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- 2018
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31. [Indoor tanning: motivations and beliefs among users and non-users in the population of Lille (Northern France)].
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Scalbert C, Grenier M, Maire C, Cottencin O, Bonnevalle A, Behal H, Duhamel A, Glantenet R, and Mortier L
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- Adolescent, Adult, Behavior, Addictive, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, France, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced, Risk Factors, Skin Neoplasms etiology, Surveys and Questionnaires, Young Adult, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Sunbathing, Ultraviolet Rays adverse effects
- Abstract
Background: Uncontrolled use of tanning beds is a major public health problem. The role of UV in skin carcinogenesis has in fact been clearly demonstrated., Aims: The main purpose of the study was to assess the motivations and beliefs of the population concerning the use of indoor tanning. The secondary objectives were to compare the knowledge of users and non-users and to screen for addiction criteria among users., Patients and Methods: This was a transversal descriptive study conducted between April and June 2013 in Lille town center. The motivations of the participants were determined using a multiple-choice questionnaire. A Likert scale was used to assess beliefs and an m-CAGE questionnaire was used to screen for addiction., Results: Of the 200 respondents, 30% (n=60) had used tanning beds in a non-medical setting. The median age of first use was 23 years (15-59). 11.7% of respondents had started before the authorised age of 18 years. "To prepare the skin for exposure to the sun" was the main reason given (68.3%) for use of tanning beds. The population was aware that use of such apparatus favours onset of skin cancer and ageing of the skin. Users were more convinced than non-users that UV cabins "prepare the skin for exposure to the sun" (75% vs. 49.6%, P=0.0009) and that they "favour skin cancer" (56.9% against 36.2%, P=0.0444). Addictive behaviour was detected in 3.3% (2/60) of users., Conclusion: Users are aware of the carcinogenic risk of UV cabins but expose themselves to such risk, as they believe it prepares their skin for sun exposure., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2015
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32. Mitochondrial oxidative stress is the Achille's heel of melanoma cells resistant to Braf-mutant inhibitor.
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Corazao-Rozas P, Guerreschi P, Jendoubi M, André F, Jonneaux A, Scalbert C, Garçon G, Malet-Martino M, Balayssac S, Rocchi S, Savina A, Formstecher P, Mortier L, Kluza J, and Marchetti P
- Subjects
- Animals, Cell Line, Tumor, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm, Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor, Female, Humans, Melanoma enzymology, Melanoma genetics, Mice, Mice, SCID, Mitochondria genetics, Oxidative Phosphorylation, Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf antagonists & inhibitors, Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf metabolism, Reactive Oxygen Species metabolism, Vemurafenib, Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays, Indoles pharmacology, Melanoma drug therapy, Melanoma metabolism, Mitochondria metabolism, Oxidative Stress physiology, Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf genetics, Sulfonamides pharmacology
- Abstract
Vemurafenib/PLX4032, a selective inhibitor of mutant BRAFV600E, constitutes a paradigm shift in melanoma therapy. Unfortunately, acquired resistance, which unavoidably occurs, represents one major limitation to clinical responses. Recent studies have highlighted that vemurafenib activated oxidative metabolism in BRAFV600E melanomas expressing PGC1α. However, the oxidative state of melanoma resistant to BRAF inhibitors is unknown. We established representative in vitro and in vivo models of human melanoma resistant to vemurafenib including primary specimens derived from melanoma patients. Firstly, our study reveals that vemurafenib increased mitochondrial respiration and ROS production in BRAFV600E melanoma cell lines regardless the expression of PGC1α. Secondly, melanoma cells that have acquired resistance to vemurafenib displayed intrinsically high rates of mitochondrial respiration associated with elevated mitochondrial oxidative stress irrespective of the presence of vemurafenib. Thirdly, the elevated ROS level rendered vemurafenib-resistant melanoma cells prone to cell death induced by pro-oxidants including the clinical trial drug, elesclomol. Based on these observations, we propose that the mitochondrial oxidative signature of resistant melanoma constitutes a novel opportunity to overcome resistance to BRAF inhibition.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Patient-derived tumor xenograft model to guide the use of BRAF inhibitors in metastatic melanoma.
- Author
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Guerreschi P, Scalbert C, Qassemyar A, Kluza J, Ravasi L, Huglo D, Martinot-Duquennoy V, Formstecher P, Marchetti P, and Mortier L
- Subjects
- Adult, Animals, Antineoplastic Agents adverse effects, Cell Proliferation drug effects, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Female, Fluorodeoxyglucose F18, Humans, Indoles adverse effects, Melanoma enzymology, Melanoma genetics, Melanoma secondary, Mice, SCID, Multimodal Imaging, Mutation, Positron-Emission Tomography, Protein Kinase Inhibitors adverse effects, Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf genetics, Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf metabolism, Radiopharmaceuticals, Skin Neoplasms enzymology, Skin Neoplasms genetics, Skin Neoplasms pathology, Sulfonamides adverse effects, Time Factors, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Tumor Burden drug effects, Vemurafenib, Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays, Antineoplastic Agents pharmacology, Indoles pharmacology, Melanoma drug therapy, Protein Kinase Inhibitors pharmacology, Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf antagonists & inhibitors, Skin Neoplasms drug therapy, Sulfonamides pharmacology
- Abstract
Recently, the BRAF V600 inhibitor, vemurafenib, has revolutionized the therapeutic management of metastatic melanoma. However, adverse effects and the onset of resistance are frequently observed, limiting the efficacy of this treatment. Patient-derived tumor xenografts (PDTX) engrafted in immunocompromised mice have been proposed as valuable preclinical models that can predict clinical response to treatments. Here, we established a PDTX model of BRAF V600E melanoma useful for testing the efficacy of vemurafenib. First, we validated the stability of the model that was similar to the original tumor with respect to histology, immunohistochemistry, mutational status, and fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose ([(18)F]FDG)-PET/computed tomography (CT). Next, the sensitivity of the xenografts to vemurafenib was determined by tumor growth inhibition and decreased in standardized uptake value on [(18)F]FDG-PET/CT. Finally, this result, using personalized PDTX, allowed successful rechallenge with vemurafenib in a patient who was administered a lower dose of vemurafenib because of the onset of adverse events. Overall, we found that PDTX provides 'real-time' results in an animal that phenocopies the biology and expected vemurafenib responses of the tumor in a patient with BRAF V600E melanoma. Thus, this 'coclinical' trial using PDTX can help guide vemurafenib treatment for metastatic melanoma.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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