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ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the health risks of cadmium exposure in the local rice of Wenzhou residents by analyzing the pollution level and spatial distribution of cadmium in locally produced Wenzhou rice.MethodsThe monitoring data of local rice in Wenzhou from 2016 to 2021 were collected， and the spatial distribution of the cadmium concentration of local rice was displayed visually by ARCGIS 10.2. The Ordinary Kriging interpolation analysis was used to analyze spatial interpolation. The cadmium exposure was estimated by combining the concentration of cadmium in local rice with food consumption data. The health risk was assessed using a simple distribution model.ResultsThe median of cadmium in 740 local rice samples was 0.069 mg/kg. The detection rate and over-limit rate were 95.68% and 11.49%， respectively. The areas with high cadmium concentrations in local rice were mainly distributed in the northwest of Lucheng City and the central area of Rui’an City. The average exposure and the exposure of high-consumption groups （P95） to cadmium through eating local rice in Wenzhou adult residents were 12.04 and 21.08 μg/kg·BW， respectively. The average and high-consumption group exposure to cadmium in children were 17.02 and 32.04 μg/kg·BW， respectively. The average exposure and the exposure of high-consumption groups to cadmium by eating local rice in Lucheng were greater than the provisional tolerable monthly intake （PTMI）.ConclusionThe cadmium exposure levels of 1.16% of all adult residents in Wenzhou by eating local rice were higher than the PTMI. Children with high rice consumption had a higher cadmium exposure level from local rice， and residents had a higher health risk of cadmium exposure by eating local rice in Lucheng.

ObjectiveTo provide basis for further ensuring the safety of student meals， the microbial contamination status in kindergarten， primary and secondary school canteens in Wenzhou in the past five years were investigated.MethodsFood samples collected in Wenzhou from 2016 to 2020 were detected for hygienic target bacteria （Aerobic Plate count and Escherichia coli） and foodborne pathogens （Staphylococcus aureus， Bacillus cereus， Salmonella and Listeria monocytogenes）， and data were analyzed with SPSS 18.0.ResultsThe microbial contamination of student meal in 2016 was serious， with a unqualified rate as high as 23.58%. While the unqualified rates of student meal decreased by 6.27%， 6.80%， 9.06%， and 3.82% from 2017 to 2020 （χ2 = 60.852， P

To elucidate the molecular function of SHORT AND SWOLLEN ROOT1 (SSR1), we screened for suppressors of the ssr1-2 (sus) was performed and identified over a dozen candidates with varying degrees of root growth restoration. Among these, the two most effective suppressors, sus1 and sus2, resulted from G87D and T55M single amino acid substitutions in HSCA2 (At5g09590) and ISU1 (At4g22220), both crucial components of the mitochondrial iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster assembly machinery. SSR1 displayed a robust cochaperone-like activity and interacted with HSCA2 and ISU1, facilitating the binding of HSCA2 to ISU1. In comparison to the wild-type plants, ssr1-2 mutants displayed increased iron accumulation in root tips and altered expression of genes responsive to iron deficiency. Additionally, the enzymatic activities of several iron-sulfur proteins and the mitochondrial membrane potential were reduced in ssr1-2 mutants. Interestingly, SSR1 appears to be exclusive to plant lineages and is induced by environmental stresses. Although HSCA2G87D and ISU1T55M can effectively compensate for the phenotypes associated with SSR1 deficiency under favorable conditions, their compensatory effects are significantly diminished under stress. Collectively, SSR1 represents a new and significant component of the mitochondrial Fe-S cluster assembly (ISC) machinery. It may also confer adaptive advantages on plant ISC machinery in response to environmental stress. Author summary: Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters are crucial components found in many proteins that play essential roles in various biological processes. The machinery responsible for making these clusters in mitochondria, known as ISC biosynthesis, has its origins in bacteria and remained largely unchanged through evolution. However, understanding of specific regulators that control Fe-S cluster production in plants is still limited. In this study, we identified a unique protein in plants, SSR1, which acts as a cochaperone. SSR1 facilitates the interaction between the two critical proteins, HSCA2 and ISU1, a necessary process for the release of Fe-S clusters from their scaffold. We also showed that SSR1 has evolved alongside the ISC biosynthetic machinery and that mutations in HSCA2 and ISU1 can compensate for its absence. This highlights the synergistic relationship between SSR1 and other components of the ISC machinery. Overall, this research uncovers a novel component of the ISC biosynthetic system and shows how it varies between plants, animals, and microorganisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Social support is paramount to people's well‐being. Yet little is known about how such support influences individuals' consumption decisions in retail contexts. This multi‐method research featured five quantitative studies and showed that receiving social support can reduce consumers' variety seeking in subsequent consumption situations. Specifically, Studies 1A and 1B employed secondary data analysis, consistently revealing a negative association between social support and variety seeking. Studies 2–4 adopted experimentation approaches. Study 2 (N = 125) confirmed the proposed effect by experimentally manipulating social support. Study 3 (N = 299) shed light on the underlying mechanism by presenting a mediation model (i.e., social support → increased sense of satisfaction → decreased variety seeking). Besides, Studies 3 (N = 299) and 4 (N = 288) identified two moderators (i.e., individuals' trait gratitude and the chance to pay it forward) of the proposed effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]