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BACKGROUND: Multinucleated cell angiohistiocytoma is a fibrohistiocytic tumor that frequently affects women over 40 years of age. Clinically, it presents as flat, nodular or papular neoformations that affect the upper and lower limbs and the face. The clinical findings are nonspecific, so performing a skin biopsy is of the utmost importance to establish the diagnosis based on histopathological data. Patients generally have an excellent evolution. CLINICAL CASE: A 35-year-old female patient presented with bilateral and asymmetric irregular, purplish-colored macules that affected the right cheek, right shoulder and arms. In the dermatoscopic image, diffuse and slightly erythematous areas with whitish patches were observed in the periphery. In the excisional biopsy multiple newly formed blood vessels and capillaries were observed, as well as abundant, large, fusiform, multinucleated cells located in the papillary and reticular dermis. In immunostaining, CD34, factor XIIIa, vimentin and CD117 were positive. CONCLUSIONS: Multinucleated cell angiohistiocytoma is a rare entity with benign behavior. Histological data, immunostaining and the usual clinical evolution of these lesions indicate that it is a reactive process and an expectant management can be safely chosen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Pemphigus vulgaris is an autoimmune mucocutaneous disease resulting from the production of antidesmogleins against epidermal desmosomes. These autoantibodies produce blisters by acantholysis. Although pemphigus vulgaris frequently maintains its clinical expression, there is a poorly recognized percentage of patients that present alterations in their autoimmune profile and develop pemphigus foliaceous. CLINICAL CASE: A 25-year-old female patient with a 3-year history of pemphigus vulgaris in remission, who presented plaques with white oily scale on an erythematous base in seborrheic topography. The histopathological diagnosis was pemphigus foliaceus that showed clinical and histopathological transition from pemphigus vulgaris to pemphigus foliaceus. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical transition from pemphigus vulgaris to pemphigus foliaceus is a rare dermatological process of unknown etiology that correlates with the transition of anti-desmoglein 1 to anti-desmoglein 3 autoantibodies. Currently, information on this transition in Latin American patients is limited and highlights the importance of keeping the patient under surveillance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ginecología y Obstetricia de México is the property of Federacion Mexicana de Ginecologia y Obstetricia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ginecología y Obstetricia de México is the property of Federacion Mexicana de Ginecologia y Obstetricia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: Pseudoxanthoma elasticum-like papillary dermal elastolysis is a rare skin disease of the connective tissue that was first described in two female patients over 60 years of age with a pseudoxanthoma elastic-like dermatosis that presented a total loss of the elastic system in the papillary dermis without the characteristic cardiac and ophthalmic involvement. So far there are 50 cases reported in the literature. Clinically, they are multiple non-follicular white-yellow papules that coalesce in cobblestone patches that affect the neck and supraclavicular area. They are characteristically asymptomatic or associated to moderate itching. The diagnosis is made with the histopathological features and special stains that show melanophages and the selective loss of elastin in the papillary dermis without interface changes, as well as negative stains for calcification. Currently there is no effective treatment. CLINICAL CASE: A 69-year-old female patient with a history of NB-UVB phototherapy administration due to suffering a year before mycosis fungoides, in whom the diagnosis of elastolysis of the papillary dermis similar to elastic pseudoxanthoma was established. CONCLUSIONS: Elastolysis of the papillary dermis similar to elastic pseudoxanthoma is a rare acquired connective tissue dermatosis, with little obvious clinical manifestations and mild symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Cutaneous metastasis with zosteriform clinical pattern represents only 1% to 3.6% of skin metastases due to breast adenocarcinoma. It is a rare clinical presentation that represents an advanced oncological disease with a life expectancy lesser than a year. There are only 12 reported cases of zosteriform skin metastases from breast adenocarcinoma, this being the third reported case in Mexico in which the cutaneous metastasis approach preceded the diagnosis of the primary tumor. CLINICAL CASE: A 64-year-old female patient with no relevant medical history who presented a dermatosis located in the left axilla and left breast, characterized by multiple non painful exophytic erythematous-violaceous plaques with an anfractuous surface, stony consistency and indurated base with perilesional skin with retraction. The patient was diagnosed by a general practitioner with herpes zoster and treated with acyclovir for one month without clinical improvement and was sent for dermatology assessment. We performed an incisional biopsy of the lesion, reporting cutaneous metastasis due to ductal breast adenocarcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: The relevance of reporting the case is that in some patients the erroneous diagnosis of herpes zoster is established and treatment with antivirals is started, which delays the necessary staging and cancer treatment, so the short-term prognosis is adverse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Melanonychia is a dark colored pigmented band that is distributed in the nail plate longitudinally, transversely, or totally. This pigmentation might originate from melanocytes of the nail matrix or might be the result of exogenous pigmentation. Onychoscopy and histopathological study are techniques that help us to make the diagnosis in complicated cases. Longitudinal melanonychia is an entity that might present a benign or malignant etiology, which requires the correct physical examination and basic concepts of onychoscopy. It is divided into melanocytic longitudinal melanonychia and nonmelanocytic longitudinal melanonychia. Among the non-melanocytic ones are subungual hematoma and fungal onychopathy. On the other hand, the etiology of melanocytic pigmentation is divided into two: 1) melanocyte activation and 2) melanocyte proliferation. Longitudinal melanonychia is an uncommon onychopathy whose diagnosis is often complicated due to the clinical similarity among related etiologies. Knowing the approach to the mechanisms of nail pigmentation is of utmost importance to diagnose lesions with malignant potential that compromise the patient's life or function. Currently, diagnostic certainty is greater thanks to training in areas such as onychoscopy and its characteristic histopathological findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Objective Materials and Methods Results Conclusion To analyze the characteristics of a series of oral reactions to injectable soft tissue fillers.Cases diagnosed as oral reactions to injectable soft tissue fillers were selected from eight Pathology laboratories. Information was retrieved from the laboratory charts and from the review of the hematoxylin and eosin‐stained histological slides.The 151 patients showed a mean age of 54.9 years, and 136 (90.1%) were females. Mean time of onset was 20.4 months, and the lips were the most frequent location (72.8%). Most cases presented as asymptomatic isolated nodules, with a mean size of 17.4 mm. Silicone (38.5%), polymethylmetacrylate (33%), and hyaluronic acid (11.9%) were the three most common fillers. Granulomas, foamy macrophages, and multinucleated giant cells were observed in 44%, 51.5%, and 65.3% of the cases, respectively. Time of onset was shorter for males (p = 0.033), and symptoms were common in the upper lip, buccal mucosa, and lower vestibule (p = 0.010). Foamy macrophages were more common in association with silicone and collagen (p < 0.001), whereas multinucleated giant cells were more common in association with polymethylmetacrylate, hydroxiapatite, and polylactic acid (p = 0.012).Clinicians should consider reactions to injectable soft tissue fillers when evaluating asymptomatic submucosal nodules affecting the lips of adult/older females. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]