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Evidence is a core element of evidence-based medicine, with diverse classifications and extensive sources. Most of it is based on journals and is commonly found in databases or websites such as PubMed, Web of Science, and CNKI. The number of literatures is countless, which also puts enormous pressure on researchers to consult and read literature. The field of urology is no exception. This article started with analyzing the characteristics of common clinical questions in the field, introduced the four criteria for their screening and two types of structured templates, clarified the definition, categories, identification, and three requirements for the application of the four evidence classification methods, and explained the selection of retrieval resources, construction of retrieval strategies, specific operational steps, and precautions for the retrieval process to develop and use evidence. In addition, combined with artificial intelligence technology, the future development trend of evidence classification and retrieval in the field of evidence-based urology has been clarified, which provided reference for further promoting the development of evidence-based urology.

Abstract Objective Endometrial lesions are a frequent complication following breast cancer, and current diagnostic tools have limitations. This study aims to develop a machine learning-based nomogram model for predicting the early detection of endometrial lesions in patients. The model is designed to assess risk and facilitate individualized treatment strategies for premenopausal breast cancer patients. Method A retrospective study was conducted on 224 patients who underwent diagnostic curettage post-tamoxifen (TAM) therapy between November 2012 and November 2023. These patients exhibited signs of endometrial abnormalities or symptoms such as colporrhagia. Clinical data were collected and analyzed using R software (version 4.3.2) to identify factors influencing the occurrence of endometrial lesions and evaluate their predictive values. Three machine learning methods were employed to develop a risk prediction model, and their performances were compared. The best-performing model was selected to construct a nomogram of endometrial lesions. Internal validation was conducted using the bootstrap method, and the model’s accuracy and fit were assessed using the concordance index (C-index) and calibration curves. Results Independent risk factors for endometrial lesions included ultrasound characteristics, duration of TAM therapy, presence of colporrhagia, and endometrial thickness (P

Computing power Internet of things (CPIoT) integrates Internet of things (IoT) devices with substantial computational resources to support data-intensive tasks, facilitating intelligent decision-making. Within the context of privacy protection requirements for CPIoT, federated learning (FL) that is a distributed learning technique upholds data privacy, and offers a novel approach to addressing data silos for executing complex training tasks, and training large models. Although researchers have been committed to develop more mature federated learning systems to adapt to the CPIoT environment, current research lacks in-depth exploration of the strengths and limitations, technical features and differences, and support and applicability of federated learning system design techniques. Firstly, the most influential federated learning systems in the industry were studied, including open-source frameworks and benchmarking platforms. The system design differences in various technical dimensions of CPIoT in an in-depth comparison were analyzed. Detailed criteria and recommendations for selecting open-source frameworks and benchmarking platforms in the CPIoT environment were established, so that developers could efficiently choose the most suitable frameworks and platforms. Seeondly, various experiments for selecting federated learning systems and building complete systems were presented in multiple CPIoT scenarios, to assist developers in better realizing federated learning applications by utilizing the aforementioned technologies. Finally, the current state of standardization and development challenges in the field of federated learning system design were summarized, and future development prospects were discussed. The purpose is to provide a comprehensive overview of FL systems and the design research progress, serving as a reference for the deep integration of CPIoT and FL networks and offering insights for future research.

[Significance]The rapid development of artificial intelligence and automation has greatly expanded the scope of agricultural automation, with applications such as precision farming using unmanned machinery, robotic grazing in outdoor environments, and automated harvesting by orchard-picking robots. Collaborative operations among multiple agricultural robots enhance production efficiency and reduce labor costs, driving the development of smart agriculture. Multi-robot simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) plays a pivotal role by ensuring accurate mapping and localization, which are essential for the effective management of unmanned farms. Compared to single-robot SLAM, multi-robot systems offer several advantages, including higher localization accuracy, larger sensing ranges, faster response times, and improved real-time performance. These capabilities are particularly valuable for completing complex tasks efficiently. However, deploying multi-robot SLAM in agricultural settings presents significant challenges. Dynamic environmental factors, such as crop growth, changing weather patterns, and livestock movement, increase system uncertainty. Additionally, agricultural terrains vary from open fields to irregular greenhouses, requiring robots to adjust their localization and path-planning strategies based on environmental conditions. Communication constraints, such as unstable signals or limited transmission range, further complicate coordination between robots. These combined challenges make it difficult to implement multi-robot SLAM effectively in agricultural environments. To unlock the full potential of multi-robot SLAM in agriculture, it is essential to develop optimized solutions that address the specific technical demands of these scenarios.[Progress]Existing review studies on multi-robot SLAM mainly focus on a general technological perspective, summarizing trends in the development of multi-robot SLAM, the advantages and limitations of algorithms, universally applicable conditions, and core issues of key technologies. However, there is a lack of analysis specifically addressing multi-robot SLAM under the characteristics of complex agricultural scenarios. This study focuses on the main features and applications of multi-robot SLAM in complex agricultural scenarios. The study analyzes the advantages and limitations of multi-robot SLAM, as well as its applicability and application scenarios in agriculture, focusing on four key components: multi-sensor data fusion, collaborative localization, collaborative map building, and loopback detection. From the perspective of collaborative operations in multi-robot SLAM, the study outlines the classification of SLAM frameworks, including three main collaborative types: centralized, distributed, and hybrid. Based on this, the study summarizes the advantages and limitations of mainstream multi-robot SLAM frameworks, along with typical scenarios in robotic agricultural operations where they are applicable. Additionally, it discusses key issues faced by multi-robot SLAM in complex agricultural scenarios, such as low accuracy in mapping and localization during multi-sensor fusion, restricted communication environments during multi-robot collaborative operations, and low accuracy in relative pose estimation between robots.[Conclusions and Prospects]To enhance the applicability and efficiency of multi-robot SLAM in complex agricultural scenarios, future research needs to focus on solving these critical technological issues. Firstly, the development of enhanced data fusion algorithms will facilitate improved integration of sensor information, leading to greater accuracy and robustness of the system. Secondly, the combination of deep learning and reinforcement learning techniques is expected to empower robots to better interpret environmental patterns, adapt to dynamic changes, and make more effective real-time decisions. Thirdly, large language models will enhance human-robot interaction by enabling natural language commands, improving collaborative operations. Finally, the integration of digital twin technology will support more intelligent path planning and decision-making processes, especially in unmanned farms and livestock management systems. The convergence of digital twin technology with SLAM is projected to yield innovative solutions for intelligent perception and is likely to play a transformative role in the realm of agricultural automation. This synergy is anticipated to revolutionize the approach to agricultural tasks, enhancing their efficiency and reducing the reliance on labor.

ObjectivesThe wet flue gas desulphurization of coal-fired power plants generates a large amount of wastewater containing heavy metals, the removal of heavy metals from wastewater by coupling of limestone and sodium metaaluminate precipitation and activated carbon adsorption were studied.MethodsThe optimized feed ratio, temperature, and pH value for the precipitation method were obtained, and the experimental parameters for the type of adsorbent and adsorption layer height were optimized. Based on this, engineering tests were conducted on the 300 MW unit of Sanhe coal-fired power plant. Field experiments were conducted with an additional precipitator feeder and adsorption device, and effect was investigated.ResultsThe optimal feeding rate is 160 kg/h, the flow rate is 1 m3/h, and the adsorption height is 10 cm. Under the experimental conditions, the overall heavy metal removal efficiency is significantly improved. Compared with the heavy metal content in the original export of the power plant, the removal efficiency of lead, chromium, copper, and nickel from the export increase by 33.24%, 81.93%, 35.22%, and 57.52%, respectively, after installing a mixed precipitation and adsorption device.ConclusionsThe method of coupling of limestone and sodium metaaluminate precipitation and activated carbon adsorption can effectively promote the removal of heavy metals from desulfurization wastewater, providing guidance for the deep removal of heavy metals in the wastewater from coal-fired power plants.

ObjectivesVirtual power plant is usually composed of distributed generator (DG). When the system lacks power grid support, practical and reasonable comprehensive operation strategies and accurate control methods are needed to ensure the smooth operation of virtual power plant.MethodsAn operation strategy based on system fluctuation value was proposed. Then, aiming at the problem of generation control of distributed generators in the system, a distributed finite-time controller was designed. The amplitudes of voltage and frequency were adjusted to nominal values within a finite time, and the active power was distributed among each DG unit. Different from the traditional centralized control strategy, the proposed control method is based on distributed junction, which only requires information exchange between adjacent DG units through sparse communication network.ResultsThe feasibility of the proposed control method and its robustness to the uncertainty of model parameters and load variation were verified by simulation experiments.ConclusionsCompared with previous studies, the proposed operation strategy divides the system operating conditions in more detail, effectively improving the stability and security of the system.

A new adsorbent(DES@ZIF@MG) was prepared by grafting deep eutectic solvents(DES) onto metal organic framework ZIF/magnetic reduced graphene oxide(MG) for the adsorption of methamphetamine. A series of structural characterization analyses (SEM, FT-IR, BET, VSM, TGA) were facilitated to explore the microscopic morphology and physicochemical properties of DES@ZIF@MG. The adsorption performances of methamphetamine onto the adsorbent were investigated by adsorption kinetics, isotherms, and adsorption effect experiments(pH, ionic strengths, and humic acid). The results showed that the adsorption of methamphetamine onto DES@ZIF@MG was consistent with the pseudo-second-order model and the Langmuir model, indicating that the adsorption process was an energetically homogeneous adsorption dominated by chemisorption. The XPS characterization illustrated that the adsorption process of methamphetamine by DES@ZIF@MG mainly involved hydrogen bonding, π-π interaction, electrostatic interaction, and chelation.

Abstract [Objective] Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. var. mongholicus (Bge.) Hsiao is an important primitive plant of astragali radix, and its main planting areas are arid and semi-arid areas in Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Gansu, and other places. Irregular intermittent rainfalls cause drought and rehydration cycle in plants. Studying the characteristics of metabolites in A . membranaceus var. mongholicus during drought and rehydration is crucial to understand the drought tolerance mechanism in response to natural intermittent rainfalls. [Methods] The seedlings of annual A . membranaceus var. mongholicus were used as materials. After repeated drought and rehydration treatment, soil nutrients and root growth in potted plants were measured. The primary metabolites of A . membranaceus var. mongholicus were analyzed using NMR based technology. Differential metabolite screening and metabolic pathway were analyzed. Total flavonoids, total saponins, and polysaccharides in the roots of A . membranaceus var. mongholicus were determined. [Results] (1) A . membranaceus var. mongholicus showed a trend of decreasing in root diameter and increasing in root length and fibrous root density under drought stress. (2) Under drought and rehydration treatment, a total of 42 metabolites were detected, containing mainly amino acids and their derivatives, organic acids, amines, ammonia compounds, and sugars. Metabolic pathway analysis showed that amino acid metabolism pathways were mainly affected during repeated drought stress. Plant drought resistance was enhanced by increasing the content of aspartate, alanine, glutamate, proline, and arginine, as well as reducing the content of asparagine, tryptophan, and 4-aminobutyrate. Specifically, the increase in metabolites such as alanine, glutamate, and proline was 1-3 times, while metabolites such as tryptophan and 4-aminobutyric acid were decreased by 1-2 times. (3) Under the first round of drought stress, the accumulation of astragaloside was decreased; after the second round of drought stress, the production of three active substances, namely astragaloside, total flavonoids, and polysaccharides, showed a downward trend. [Conclusion] Amino acids and their derivatives are closely related in response to drought stress in A . membranaceus var. mongholicus. Plant regulates its secondary metabolites in response to environmental changes

The dysphagia affects not only the therapeutic effect of the head and neck tumor but also the quality of life of the patient. Effective training for swallowing rehabilitation can relieve the clinical symptoms of dysphagia in patients with head and neck tumor. This paper reviews studies on training methods and clinical practice for swallowing rehabilitation in patients with head and neck cancer, and provides reference for promoting swallowing function of patients undergoing radiotherapy for head and neck tumor. (吞咽障碍不仅会影响头颈肿瘤患者治疗效果, 同时也降低其生活质量。高效的吞咽功能训练后, 可以显著缓解和改善头颈肿瘤患者的吞咽障碍。本研究就头颈肿瘤放疗中吞咽障碍患者的吞咽功能训练研究和应用进展进行综述, 旨在为促进头颈肿瘤放疗患者吞咽功能的恢复提供参考。)

Objective To investigate the risk of lymph node metastasis (LNM) in colorectal cancer (CRC) based on the M2 macrophage activity biomarker soluble CD163 (sCD163). Methods The clinical data and preoperative blood samples of 152 patients with CRC and 58 patients with colorectal adenoma who received primary surgery in Jingmen Central Hospital from January 2018 to May 2019 were collected. Blood samples were collected the day before surgery, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure serum levels of sCD163, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199). Postoperative follow-up was conducted with a cutoff date of April 30, 2024, and the overall survival and disease-free survival were recorded. Results The level of sCD163 in patients without LNM was significantly lower than in those with LNM ［(2.79±0.76) mg/L vs (4.25±1.50) mg/L, t=7.958, P＜0.01］. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that sCD163＞3.50 mg/L was an independent risk factor for LNM in CRC patients (HR=13.973, 95%CI: 5.385-36.259, P＜0.05). sCD163＞3.50 mg/L had the highest ability to predict lymph node metastasis in CRC patients (AUC=0.742), with a sensitivity of 68.8% and a specificity of 79.7%. There were 35 patients (46.1%) died in the group of sCD163＞3.50 mg/L, and 12 patients (15.8%) died in the group of sCD163≤3.50 mg/L. There was a significant difference in overall survival between the two groups (log-rank χ2=15.583, P＜0.01). There were 42 patients (55.3%) in the group of sCD163＞3.50 mg/L relapsed, and 25 patients (32.9%) in the group of sCD163≤3.50 mg/L relapsed. The difference in recurrence-free survival between the two groups was statistically significant (log-rank χ2=8.368, P=0.004). Conclusion Elevated levels of the biomarker sCD163, which reflects M2 macrophage activity in tissues, are significantly associated with LNM and poor prognosis in CRC patients, and sCD163 may be a potential predictive factor for identifying CRC patients at high risk of LNM.

C60H92Br8N4O10Sn4, orthorhombic, Pccn (no. 56), a = 16.5363(14) Å, b = 20.3146(17) Å, c = 22.7452(19) Å, V = 7640.8(11) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt (F) = 0.0424, wRref (F 2) = 0.1254, T = 298 K.

Purposes The effects of different mineral fillers and their compound ratio on the properties of water-based ultra-thin fireproof coatings are worth studying. Methods Aqueous epoxy/acrylic composite emulsion was used as film material. Ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol, and melamine were used as expansion systems. Titanium dioxide (TiO2), coal gangue (CG), bentonite (BT), and hydrotalc (LDH) were used as mineral fillers. Findings The results show that the fire resistance of single mineral filler is as follows: TiO2>CG>BT>LDH. When the single TiO2 filler fireproof coating burns for 80 min, the carbon expansion rate reaches 13.6, the back temperature of steel plate is 274.9 ℃, and the carbon layer structure is in strength weak. The compound mineral fillers can achieve the goals of high efficiency fire prevention, low energy consumption, cost-effectivenes and environmental protection, and provide a new way to the high value utilization of mineral fillers When m(TiO2)∶m(BT)∶m(LDH) composite ratio is 6∶2∶2, the expansion ratio of carbon layer is 14.9, and the back temperature of steel plate is only 268.8 ℃. When the m(TiO2)∶m(BT)∶m(CG) mixture ratio is 8∶1∶1, the expansion ratio is 14.5, the steel plate back temperature is only 261.0 ℃, and the fire resistance performance is better than that of single mineral filler. Scanning electron microscopy mages show that the addition of BT, CG, and LDH makes the surface structure of the carbon layer more compact and stronger. Infrared spectroscopy analysis results show that phosphide and metal oxides in the residue of burned carbon layer enhance the structural strength of the carbon layer. Thermal gravimetric analysis data show that the carbon residues of the two coatings are 36.35% and 36.92%, which improves the thermal shielding performance of the carbon layer.

In order to expand the application of polypropylene (PP) in 3D printing technology and improve its mechanical properties, PP/polyethylene terephthalate (PET) blend filaments were prepared by extruding PP with PET using melt blending. The rheological behavior, crystallization structure, melting and crystallization behavior, microstructure, mechanical properties of the filament blends and 3D printed samples with different mixing ratios of PP, PET were analyzed. The results show that the viscosity of PP/PET blends decreases with the increase of shear rate and exhibits shear thinning behavior. PET acts as a nucleating agent and does not change the crystal shape of PP during PP crystallization. The melting temperature of PP is about 150 ℃, and the crystallization temperature increases with the increase of PET concentrations. The PP matrix and PET dispersed phase have obvious "sea-island" structure, in which PET is the "island" phase, with a diameter of 2-5 μm. With the increase of PET concentrations, the tensile strength of filament blends is improved. Simultaneously, the tensile strength and the impact strength of the 3D printed samples is improved. However, the mechanical properties of 3D printed samples are generally lower than those of filament blends due to interlayer interaction.

In the event of core disassembly accident (CDA) in a sodium-cooled fast reactor (SFR), the molten material from the core migrates and interacts with the low-temperature coolant in the lower plenum, resulting in the formation of core debris that eventually settles to forms a debris bed. Improper placement and inadequate cooling of the debris bed can result in the failure of the pressure vessel. To efficiently disperse the core debris and minimize contact between the lower head of the pressure vessel and the molten material, a core catcher was specifically designed as a passive preventive and mitigating device. The structure of the core catcher directly impacts the shape and distribution of the debris bed, which subsequently affects its re-criticality and long-term decay heat removal capability. This study aims to perform a numerical investigation to optimize the structural design of the core catcher, with a specific focus on the mechanisms and laws of the chimney structure of the core catcher on the formation and distribution of the debris bed. The improved discrete element method (DEM), which is based on dimensionless stiffness and dimensionless damping coefficients, was employed to numerically simulate the formation process of the debris bed on the core catcher. This method incorporates source terms into the momentum equation of debris particles to account for the influence of coolant on their motion. Validation experiments were conducted to verify the capability of the numerical simulation algorithm used in optimizing the design of the core catcher. In this paper, the effects of three factors on particle motion and debris bed formation mechanisms were investigated by varying the vertical projection side length of the chimney cover, inclination angle of the cover, and spacing between chimneys. The research findings suggest that the selection of appropriate values for these parameters has a substantial impact on the shape and distribution of the debris bed. Therefore, it is recommended to establish reasonable chimney design parameters to achieve optimal performance in practical applications. Furthermore, this study reveals that during the formation of the debris bed, the debris particles demonstrate a secondary scattering effect, which plays a vital role in enhancing the uniformity of the debris bed. This study will provide valuable engineering references for optimizing the design of the core catcher.

In the pickling process of carbon steel, it is often necessary to add an appropriate amount of pickling corrosion inhibitors to prevent the steel surface from over-pickling and to eliminate the potential for hydrogen embrittlement during the process. Carbon dots (CDs), as a kind of green nano-material, are environmentally-friendly, low-cost, chemically stable and have potentially high inhibition performance, gradually showing good prospects for application in the field of corrosion protection. In this paper, the research progress of carbon dots in the field of metal corrosion protection of carbon steel in acidic media both domestically and internationally in recent years was reviewed, and their inhibition mechanism was discussed; the problems existing in the research of corrosion and protection were briefly described, and the development trend of CDs in the field of metal corrosion and protection was also prospected.

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of sinus elevation surgery and implant restorationdue to insufficient bone massafter tooth extraction in patients with odontogenic maxillary sinusitis (OMS) and to provide a reference for use in clinical practice. Methods This study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee, and informed consent was obtained from the patients. Forty-five teeth were extracted from patients with OMS in the maxillary posterior area (the study group). Sinus elevation and implantation were performed due to insufficient bone height in the implant area 6-8 months after tooth extraction in the study group. Forty-eight teeth were extracted from patients without "OMS" in the maxillary posterior area (the control group), and sinus elevation and implantation were performed due to insufficient bone height in the implant area 6-8 months after tooth extraction inthe control group. In the study group, 13 cases of discontinuous maxillary sinus floor bone and residual alveolar bone height of the maxillary sinus floor less than 4 mm were addressed with lateral wall sinus elevation, and the other 32 cases were addressed with crest-approach sinus elevation. In the control group, 8 cases of residual alveolar bone height less than 4 mm in the maxillary sinus floor were addressed with lateral wall sinus,and the other 40 cases were addressed with crest approach sinus elevation. Restorations were placed 6 to 8 months after surgery. The patients were followed up 21 days, 3 months, and 8 months after implantation and every 6 months after the placement of the restorations. The sinus bone gain (SBG), apical bone height (ABL) and marginal bone loss (MBL) were statistically analyzed 24 months after the restoration. Results The average preoperative mucosal thickness in the 45 patients in the study group was (1.556 ± 0.693) mm, which was significantly larger than that in the control group (1.229 ± 0.425) mm (P0.05). Conclusion After the extraction of teeth from patients with OMS, the inflammation of the maxillary sinus decreased, and the bone height and density in the edentulous area were restored to a certain degree. The effects of sinus floor lifting surgery and implant restoration do not differ between patients with and without OMS.

Although current small object detection methods have improved the detection performance, they are mostly objected at conventional scenarios. In harsh underground environments in coal mines, there are difficulties in extracting small object feature information during the underground small object detection process. In order to solve the problem. a small object detection method for coal mine underground scenes based on YOLOv7-SE has been proposed. Firstly, the simulated annealing (SA) algorithm is integrated with the k-means++clustering algorithm to accurately capture small underground objects by optimizing the estimation of initial anchor box values in the YOLOv7 model. Secondly, a new detection layer is added to the YOLOv7 backbone network to obtain high-resolution feature maps of underground small objects, reducing the interference of a large amount of coal dust on the feature representation of underground small objects. Finally, a dual layer attention mechanism is introduced after the aggregation network module in the backbone network to enhance the feature representation of small underground objects. The experimental results show the following points. ① The loss function of the YOLOv7-SE network model after training is stable around 0.05, indicating that the parameter settings of the YOLOv7-SE network model are reasonable. ② The average precision (AP) of helmet detection based on the YOLOv7-SE network model has improved by 13.86%, 25.3%, 16.13%, 12.71%, 15.53%, 11.59% and 12.20% compared to Faster R-CNN, RetinaNet, CenterNet, FCOS, SSD, YOLOv5 and YOLOv7, respectively. The self rescue device detection AP based on the YOLOv7-SE network model has improved by 12.37%, 20.16%, 15.22%, 8.35%, 19.42%, 9.64% and 7.38% compared to Faster R-CNN, RetinaNet, CenterNet, FCOS, SSD, YOLOv5 and YOLOv7, respectively.The frames per second (FPS) of the YOLOv7-SE network model has increased by 42.56, 44.43, 31.74, 39.84, 22.74 and 23.34 frames/s compared to Faster R-CNN, RetinaNe, CenterNet, FCOS, SSD and YOLOv5, respectively, and decreased by 9.36 frames/s compared to YOLOv7. The YOLOv7-SE network model effectively enhances the feature extraction capability of the YOLOv7-SE network model for small underground objects while ensuring detection speed. ③ In the detection of safety helmets and self rescue devices, the YOLOv7-SE network model effectively improves missed and false detection, and improves detection precision.

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effect of palmar ginseng on cognitive impairment in rats with type 2 diabetes, evaluate its neuroprotective effects, and explore its underlying mechanism. Methods: A rat model of diabetic cognitive impairment (DCI) was established by feeding with homemade high-fat, high-sugar chow combined with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Rats were continually fed high-fat, high-sugar chow for 60 days after successful induction of the model. Palmar ginseng was administered via gavage. The Morris test was performed after 30 days of treatment. At the end of the test, blood samples were collected, and the activities of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and IL-1β in rat serum. Pathological changes in hippocampal tissues were observed by Haematoxylin–eosin (HE) staining of the brain, activation of microglia in hippocampal tissues was detected by immunofluorescence, and the expression of PI3K/Akt/mTOR and JAK2/STAT3 proteins in the hippocampal tissues by Western blot. Results: During the administration of palmar Ginseng, the body weight and blood glucose levels of DCI rats were measured weekly, with results showing that Palmar Ginseng effectively reduced blood glucose levels and body weight of DCI rats. Behavioural tests in the water maze indicated that palmar ginseng effectively improved the learning and memory ability of DCI rats. HE and immunofluorescence staining showed that palmar ginseng improved DCI in rats, ameliorated hippocampal neuronal damage, and improved microglial activation. ELISA showed that palmar ginseng significantly reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory factors in the serum of DCI rats. Increased expression of anti-inflammatory factors was observed, and Western blot analysis showed that Palmar Ginseng regulated PI3K/Akt/mTOR and JAK2/STAT3 protein expression, promoted the phosphorylation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR, and inhibited JAK2/STAT3 protein phosphorylation in rat hippocampal tissues as well as in BV2 cells. Conclusions: Palmar ginseng may improve the onset and development of DCI by upregulating the phosphorylation of proteins in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.

The development of electrochromic (EC) materials has paved the way for a wide range of devices, such as smart windows, color displays, optical filters, wearable camouflages, among others. However, the advancement of electrochromism faces a significant hurdle due to its poor stability and limited color options. This lack of stability is primarily attributed to the substantial alteration in the dielectric properties of EC materials during cycling. Consequently, the design of advanced plasmonic materials is a key strategy to achieve a stable EC device. In this review, we provide an overview of the current state-of-the-art designs of plasmonic-based EC materials and devices. We discuss their working principles, techniques for structure/morphology engineering, doping methods, and crystal phase design. Furthermore, we explore the integration of plasmonic materials with other EC materials to create advanced EC devices. Finally, we outline the challenges that need to be addressed and present an outlook on the development of high-performance EC devices.

C17H13NO8S, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 17.7630(4) Å, b = 7.04725(16) Å, c = 13.7187(3) Å, β = 102.748(2)°, V = 1674.97(7) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt (F) = 0.0557, wRref (F 2) = 0.1652, T = 273 K.

Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) activity is specifically active in neurogenesis, and Cdk5 and neocortical neurons migration related biomarker are expressed in Cos-7 cells. However, the function of Cdk5 on the transformation of immortalized Cos-7 cells into neuronal-like cells is not clear.

High-quality home wireless network with large bandwidth, wide coverage, low latency and anti-interference is the key indicator to ensure user experience of fiber to the room (FTTR) Gigabit optical network.Traditional home network equipment mainly adopts single-beam single-polarized antenna design, which has become increasingly unable to meet the needs of high-quality network products under the background of large attenuation and strong interference.Antenna, as an indispensable component to realize conduction energy and air-interface electromagnetic wave transformation, can realize multiple functions by using its design freedom.High gain can reduce the power consumption of the radio frequency (RF) side to achieve the purpose of energy saving, and multi-beam can maintain high-performance network coverage without dead ends.Therefore, designing a multi-beam antenna with small size, high gain and flexible usage is of great value.Following the practical engineering and current academic research, a multi-beam antenna based on spoof surface plasmon polariton (SSPP) technology, covering the 5.1～5.9 GHz frequency band of Wi-Fi, was designed for home network products.Compared with traditional antennas, the test results of the antenna based on SPSS technology show that the coverage performance of the network in weak signal scenarios such as through-wall and cross-layer scenarios is improved greatly.It has great application prospects in increasingly miniaturized home terminal products.

Coastal zone special planning is an important part of the territory spatial planning system in coastal cities. In the coastal zone of estuary cities, river and sea intersect, multiple spatial elements overlap, and the contradiction between development and protection is prominent. Therefore, discussing the entirety of coastal special planning for estuary cities has great theoretical and practical value. To address the technical difficulties facing the estuary city coastal zone special plan, including the delineation of the coastal zone, overall planning of the estuary and coastal space, and coordination of the planning management systems, we proposed solutions targeted to these matters in Guangzhou. (1) Method of delineating the scope of the coastal zone: We combined the delineation criteria proposed by the superior plan with the results of the shoreline revision survey to make an initial delineation of the coastal zone. Then, we connected the management units and social management boundaries along the coast of the overall territorial space plan and the specific features on the landward side to delineate the land boundary. We took all sea areas and islands in Guangzhou as the scope of the sea area study. (2) Spatial pattern construction idea of "overall structure + development unit." The overall structure is based on the "two spatial internal" red lines of the sea and ecological protection red line of the land area, the urban development boundary. The dual evaluation results and other spatial baseline schemes were used to determine the spatial scope, and the land and sea development unit was based on the integrity of the ecosystem, with development and utilization of the correlation to the comprehensive delineation. (3) Spatial control program of "multi-dimensional research and judgment + classification and control." For the nearshore sea area and coastline, two types of space were set up as control measures, respectively. At the nearshore sea area, in accordance with the development and protection of zoning to establish control objectives and response rules, the coastline was subdivided into the four types of production protection coast, production operations coast, living waterfront, and ecological protection for the implementation of the zoning classification of differentiated control measures. (4) Comprehensive management system design of "municipal coordination, planning first, and industrial access." First, the municipal government establishes a leading group for marine work. Second, the requirements of higher policies and planning are implemented and preparation for special planning for coastal zones and detailed planning for coastal areas is promoted. Third, industrial access standards implemented by zoning are established based on the retreat line of coastal buildings. Compared with other coastal cities, the preparation of special coastal zone planning of estuarine cities should pay more attention to the overall and partial hierarchical coordination, the categorical control of land and sea multiple spaces, and the oversight, guidance and constraint of cross-departmental management rules, so as to enrich the technical system of coastal zone special planning and promote the effective implementation of the land-sea integrated strategy in estuarine coastal areas.

Recent studies revealed that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress played an emerging role of in valve calcification. Tanshinone IIA (TanIIA) has been a research hotspot in cardiovascular diseases. Previously we found that sodium TanIIA dampened the pathological phenotype transition of valvular interstitial cells (VICs) by affecting ER stress published in Chinese Journal. Here, we test the hypothesis that TanIIA attenuates the pro-osteogenic effects of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) in VICs by reducing induction of ER stress. Patients’ aortic valve (AV) was collected, and porcine VICs were cultured for in vitro model. ER stress markers were tested in human leaflets by immunostaining. Immunoblotting were used to test the osteoblastic factors such as Runx2, osteocalcin, and ER stress markers GRP78, CHOP, XBP1, etc. Alkakine phosphate (ALP) activity assay were used to test the activity of ALP kinase. Pro-inflammatory gene expression was detected by polymerase chain reaction. As a result, ER stress markers were elevated in patients’ calcified AVs. OxLDL induced osteogenesis and inflammation via promoting ER stress. TanIIA attenuated oxLDL induced ER stress. TanIIA also inhibited theosteoblastic factors and inflammatory cytokine expressions in VICs. In conclusion, our data provide evidence that TanIIA exerts anti-inflammation and anti-osteogenic effects in VICs by attenuating ER stress, and ER stress acts as an important regulator in oxLDL induced VICs’ phenotype transition.

Scintillation-based X-ray imaging can provide convenient visual observation of absorption contrast by standard digital cameras, which is critical in a variety of science and engineering disciplines. More efficient scintillators and electronic postprocessing derived from neural networks are usually used to improve the quality of obtained images from the perspective of optical imaging and machine vision, respectively. Here, we propose to overcome the intrinsic separation of optical transmission process and electronic calculation process, integrating the imaging and postprocessing into one fused optical–electronic convolutional autoencoder network by affixing a designable optical convolutional metasurface to the scintillator. In this way, the convolutional autoencoder was directly connected to down-conversion process, and the optical information loss and training cost can be decreased simultaneously. We demonstrate that feature-specific enhancement of incoherent images is realized, which can apply to multi-class samples without additional data precollection. Hard X-ray experimental validations reveal the enhancement of textural features and regional features achieved by adjusting the optical metasurface, indicating a signal-to-noise ratio improvement of up to 11.2 dB. We anticipate that our framework will advance the fundamental understanding of X-ray imaging and prove to be useful for number recognition and bioimaging applications.

PurposeThe aim of this study was to explore a radiomics-clinical model for predicting the response to initial superselective arterial embolization (SAE) in renal angiomyolipoma (RAML).Materials and methodsA total of 78 patients with RAML were retrospectively enrolled. Clinical data were recorded and evaluated. Radiomic features were extracted from preoperative contrast-enhanced CT (CECT). Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and intra- and inter-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used in feature selection. Logistic regression analysis was performed to develop the radiomics, clinical, and combined models where the fivefold cross-validation method was used. The predictive performance and calibration were evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and calibration curve. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to measure clinical usefulness.ResultsThe tumor shrinkage rate was 29.7% in total, and both fat and angiomyogenic components were significantly reduced. In the radiomics model, 12 significant features were selected. In the clinical model, maximum diameter (p = 0.001), angiomyogenic tissue ratio (p = 0.032), aneurysms (p = 0.048), and post-SAE time (p = 0.002) were significantly associated with greater volume reduction after SAE. Because of the severe linear dependence between radiomics signature and some clinical parameters, the combined model eventually included Rad-score, aneurysm, and post-SAE time. The radiomics-clinical model showed better discrimination (mean AUC = 0.83) than the radiomics model (mean AUC = 0.60) and the clinical model (mean AUC = 0.82). Calibration curve and DCA showed the goodness of fit and clinical usefulness of the radiomics-clinical model.ConclusionsThe radiomics-clinical model incorporating radiomics features and clinical parameters can potentially predict the positive response to initial SAE in RAML and provide support for clinical treatment decisions.

ABSTRACTDepending on the viewpoint of the author, discourse is presented in narration, or rather, discourse is first formed in the perception, narration, and interpretation of the history of civilizations. However, Western scholars have dominated the definition of the concept of ”civilization” in addition to the global output of this concept as well as the discourse about writing the history of civilization. As a result of this, there has been a severe Western-centric tendency in the current writing of the history of civilizations (both Western and Chinese). In order to address these problems in a meaningful way, the purpose of this article is to put forward a vital proposal: ”Re-writing the History of Civilizations.” It is a call for a vital path and a major initiative to establish a Chinese discourse from the root of the discourse narration, discourse speaking, and discourse interpretation of the history of civilizations, and is a new issue of the time. They expect Chinese scholars to collaborate with international scholars and unite the entire academic world to rewrite the history of civilizations, re-study the historical facts of mutual learning of civilizations, and further establish a view of civilization with China's knowledge system in various disciplines.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of adalimumab in improving the quality of life of adult patients with active ankylosing spondylitis （AS）. Methods This was a post-hoc study of the randomized，double-blind controlled clinical trial of adalimumab and placebo in AS patients. In this clinical trial，AS patients were randomly divided into the 12-week adalimumab and placebo groups according to the proportion of 2∶1. In the adalimumab group，AS patients were treated with adalimumab at a single dose of 40 mg，once every two weeks. The SF-36 Quality of Life Questionnaire was distributed to patients to self-evaluate health status before and at the 12th week after medication，respectively. Results AS patients in the adalimumab group obtained significant improvement in the scores of physiological functioning，bodily pain and social functioning compared with their counterparts in the placebo group （all P < 0.05）. In the adalimumab group，the scores of physical functioning，role-playing physical functioning，bodily pain，overall health，vitality and social functioning after 12-week medication therapy were improved compared with the baseline scores（all P < 0.05）. Conclusion Adalimumab is beneficial to enhancing the quality of life of adult patients with active AS.

ObjectiveDesert vegetation is an indispensable part of desert ecosystems, and its conservation and restoration are crucial. Accurate identification of desert plants is an indispensable task, and is the basis of desert ecological research and conservation. The complex growth environment caused by light, soil, shadow and other vegetation increases the recognition difficulty, and the generalization ability is poor and the recognition accuracy is not guaranteed. The rapid development of modern technology provides new opportunities for plant identification and classification. By using intelligent identification algorithms, field investigators can be effectively assisted in desert plant identification and classification, thus improve efficiency and accuracy, while reduce the associated human and material costs.MethodsIn this research, the following works were carried out for the recognition of desert plant: Firstly, a training dataset of deep learning model of desert plant images in the arid and semi-arid region of Xinjiang was constructed to provide data resources and basic support for the classification and recognition of desert plant images.The desert plant image data was collected in Changji and Tacheng region from the end of September 2021 and July to August 2022, and named DPlants50. The dataset contains 50 plant species in 13 families and 43 genera with a total of 12,507 images, and the number of images for each plant ranges from 183 to 339. Secondly, a migration integration learning-based algorithm for desert plant image recognition was proposed, which could effectively improve the recognition accuracy. Taking the EfficientNet B0-B4 network as the base network, the ImageNet dataset was pre-trained by migration learning, and then an integrated learning strategy was adopted combining Bagging and Stacking, which was divided into two layers. The first layer introduced K-fold cross-validation to divide the dataset and trained K sub-models by borrowing the Stacking method. Considering that the output features of each model were the same in this study, the second layer used Bagging to integrate the output features of the first layer model by voting method, and the difference was that the same sub-models and K sub-models were compared to select the better model, so as to build the integrated model, reduce the model bias and variance, and improve the recognition performance of the model. For 50 types of desert plants, 20% of the data was divided as the test set, and the remaining 5 fold cross validation was used to divide the dataset, then can use DPi(i=1,2,…,5) represents each training or validation set. Based on the pre trained EfficientNet B0-B4 network, training and validation were conducted on 5 data subsets. Finally, the model was integrated using soft voting, hard voting, and weighted voting methods, and tested on the test set.Results and DiscussionsThe results showed that the Top-1 accuracy of the single sub-model based on EfficientNet B0 network was 92.26%~93.35%, the accuracy of the Ensemble-Soft model with soft voting, the Ensemble-Hard model with hard voting and the Ensemble-Weight model integrated by weighted voting method were 93.63%, 93.55% and 93.67%, F1 Score and accuracy were comparable, the accuracy and F1 Score of Ensemble-Weight model integrated by weighted voting method were not significantly improved compared with Ensemble-Soft model and Ensemble-hard model, but it showed that the effect of weighted voting method proposed in this study was better than both of them. The three integrated models demonstrate no noteworthy enhancements in accuracy and F1 Score when juxtaposed with the five sub-models. This observation results suggests that the homogeneity among the models constrains the effectiveness of the voting method strategy. Moreover, the recognition effects heavily hinges on the performance of the EfficientNet B0-DP5 model. Therefore, the inclusion of networks with more pronounced differences was considered as sub-models. A single sub-model based on EfficientNet B0-B4 network had the highest Top-1 accuracy of 96.65% and F1 Score of 96.71%, while Ensemble-Soft model, Ensemble-Hard model and Ensemble-Weight model got the accuracy of 99.07%, 98.91% and 99.23%, which further improved the accuracy compared to the single sub-model, and the F1 Score was basically the same as the accuracy rate, and the model performance was significant. The model integrated by the weighted voting method also improved accuracy and F1 Score for both soft and hard voting, with significant model performance and better recognition, again indicating that the weighted voting method was more effective than the other two. Validated on the publicly available dataset Oxford Flowers102, the three integrated models improved the accuracy and F1 Score of the three sub-models compared to the five sub-models by a maximum of 4.56% and 5.05%, and a minimum of 1.94% and 2.29%, which proved that the migration and integration learning strategy proposed in this paper could effectively improve the model performances.ConclusionsIn this study, a method to recognize desert plant images in natural context by integrating migration learning and integration learning was proposed, which could improve the recognition accuracy of desert plants up to 99.23% and provide a solution to the problems of low accuracy, model robustness and weak generalization of plant images in real field environment. After transferring to the server through the cloud, it can realize the accurate recognition of desert plants and serve the scenes of field investigation, teaching science and scientific experiment.

Neural network models have advantages in spatial and temporal information processing, which provide new ideas for the construction of customer-aware grid interactive service system. In this paper, firstly, the spatio-temporal fusion deep neural network model based on the attention mechanism is used to extract spatial and temporal information by convolutional neural network and gated recurrent neural network, respectively. The attention mechanism is also introduced to assign weights to various types of features to improve prediction accuracy. Secondly, the global information of the attention mechanism of the channel on the feature map is fully utilized to solve the problem of inadequate extraction of feature information from a single model, and then the grid interactive service system is constructed. The results show that the model proposed in this paper has higher prediction accuracy with root mean square error, coefficient of determination, and prediction accuracy of 0.972, 1.742, and 0.935, respectively. To verify the performance of the cache-based curve service in handling customer-perceived grid interactions, minute samples are created, where the maximum number of minute sample records is 3.5 million. Thus, it is shown that by introducing the attention mechanism can effectively improve the computational efficiency of the model, get better prediction results, and meet the demand for efficient and stable customer-aware interactive service system.

This paper applies a data compression algorithm to designing a two-way intelligent self-service system for an electric power business hall and proposes a multiwavelet embedded zero-tree coding method and compression of electric power data. Based on the multiwavelet transform, a multiwavelet threshold power data compression algorithm is proposed, and the decomposition reconstruction comparison of the multiwavelet transform, and the implementation process of the compression algorithm are discussed. The implementation effect of the electric power intelligent business hall is discussed through the evaluation analysis of the service before and after the intelligent business hall. The results show that the platform operation effect score of the electric power intelligent service management platform project of company H is 0.8723. This paper's platform design and implementation provide useful research references for improving the service quality and efficiency of the electric power business hall.

The regulatory effect and mechanism of apigenin-8-C-glucoside on α-amylase and α-glucosidase activity were systematically investigated using enzyme activity kinetics, fluorescence spectroscopy, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and molecular docking. Results indicated that apigenin-8-C-glucoside showed a good inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase in a non-competitive manner with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 293.5 mg/L. However, no significant inhibitory effect on α-amylase was observed. Fluorescence spectroscopy showed that apigenin-8-C-glucoside could act as a quencher molecule to bind to α-glucosidase and quench its fluorescence statically, thereby changing the hydrophobic environment of the enzyme. The CD spectrum showed that the interaction between apigenin-8-C-glucoside and α-glucosidase loosened the secondary structure of this enzyme and decreased the contents of α-helix and β-turn. The results from molecular docking corroborated that the main interaction force between apigenin-8-C-glucoside and α-glucosidase was hydrogen bonding with a minimum binding energy of −7.2 kcal/mol. The present study provides a theoretical basis for the future development of apigenin-8-C-glucoside as an ingredient of health foods or drugs.

Objective Methods 120 elderly patients suffering from aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and receiving craniotomy from June 2019 to June 2021 were enrolled. Patients were randomly and equally divided into two groups: the traditional group(n=60, who received traditional nursing model) and the ERAS group (n=60, who received ERAS-based sputum drainage nursing model). The expectoration volume, blood oxygen saturation and proinflammatory cytokine level between traditional group and ERAS group were compared. Results At 5th day after intervention, the daily expectoration volume ［(40. 51±9. 25) mL vs. (22. 52±4. 25) mL, P＜0. 01］ and blood oxygen saturation［(94. 52±4. 57)% vs. (84. 25±5. 11)%, P＜0. 01］in the ERAS group were better than those in the traditional group. The percentage of effective expectoration in the ERAS group was higher than that in the traditional group (91. 67% vs, 76. 67%, P＜0. 05). At 5th day after intervention, Patients receiving ERAS-based nursing model had a lower proinflammatory cytokine level (IL-1β, IL- and TNF-α)comparing with patients receiving traditional nursing model (P

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect and prognostic significance of lateral lymph node dissection (LPLND) in patients with lateral lymph node (LPLN) metastasis. Methods The clinicopathological data of rectal cancer patients who underwent total mesorectal excision (TME) combined with LPLND and pathologically confirmed as LPLN metastasis after operation were retrospectively analyzed. The clinicopathological characteristics and metastasis rules of patients with LPLN metastasis were discussed, and the survival prognosis after LPLND was analyzed. Results A total of 102 rectal cancer patients with pathologically confirmed LPLN metastasis were included. The common sites of LPLN metastasis were internal iliac vessels lymph nodes (n=68, 66.7%), followed by obturator lymph nodes (n=44, 43.1%), and common iliac vessels or external iliac vessels lymph nodes (n=12, 11.8%). There were 10 patients (9.8%) with bilateral LPLN metastases, and the mean number of LPLN metastases was 2.2±2.4, among which 16 patients (15.7%) had LPLN metastases number≥2. The 3-year OS (66.8% vs. 7.7%, P < 0.001) and DFS (39.1% vs. 10.5%, P=0.012) of patients with LPLN metastases to the external iliac or common iliac lymph node were significantly lower than those with metastases to the internal iliac or obturator lymph node. The multivariate analysis showed that LPLN metastasis to external iliac or common iliac lymph node was an independent risk factor both for OS (HR=3.53; 95%CI: 1.50-8.31; P=0.004) and DFS (HR=2.40; 95%CI: 1.05-5.47; P=0.037). Conclusion LPLN mainly metastasizes to the internal iliac or obturator lymph node areas. The survival of patients with metastasis to the external iliac or common iliac lymph node cannot be improved by LPLND, and thus systemic comprehensive treatment is often the optimal treatment option.

【Background and objective】 Hebei province is the second largest agricultural province in terms of agricultural counties. Improving county-level agricultural economy is hence important for developing the provincial economy. This, however, is held back by scarcity and uneven distribution of its water resources. Effective irrigation has been proposed as a solution to this dilemma, but it is unknown if this could slow down the economic growth as suspected over the past few years. The objective of this paper is to elucidate the impact of effective irrigation on agricultural economy at country level. 【Method】 The analysis is based on data collected from 2015 to 2017 from 170 districts and counties across the province. The Moran’s I index and the Getis-Ord Gi* indexes are used to calculate the spatial correlation and clarify the spatiotemporal evolution of the agricultural economy in these counties/districts. Spatial autoregressive and panel threshold regression models are used to analyze the effect of effective irrigation on agricultural economy. 【Result】 Agricultural economy is uneven between these counties, but its spatial distribution pattern remains stable, all showing a continuous improvement. SDM model shows that the counties/districts which had implemented effective irrigation not only inhibited their own agricultural economy but also their adjacent neighbour. Panel threshold regression model shows that with the two thresholds taken as the demarcation point, the effective irrigation had a three-stage impact on agricultural economic growth: noticeably inhibited, continuously inhibited, and noticeably increased. There are 166 districts/counties which are in the middle transfer range, at which an increase in effective irrigation had a continuous inhibitory effect on their agricultural economy. The deficiencies of natural resources make it difficult to develop and utilize water resources, and natural disasters often affect irrigation benefits. The investment in irrigation facilities is large and most counties are still in recovering the construction costs. These are the main reasons behind the slowed agricultural economic growth in most of these counties. While constructing water conservancy engineering facilities is essential to improving water resource utilization, other methods such as developing water-saving irrigation technologies, improving management and agricultural policies is also helpful to improve quality and efficiency of agricultural production. 【Conclusion】 The analysis shows that implementation of effective irrigations by some counties in Hebei province has a negative impact on their agricultural economy, and the underlying reasons vary.

With the research progress on the biology and pathogenesis of cancer, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have come into being, bringing a new hope for the survival of patients with advanced cancer and opening a new era of cancer immunotherapy. However, with the wide application of immunotherapy in clinical practice, ICI-related adverse events (irAEs) have gradually emerged and are widely known by first-line clinicians. ICIs primarily activate T cells that can attack normal tissues and organs in the body and cause a variety of adverse reactions. Checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis (CIP) is one of the rare complications with poor prognosis in irAEs. This article reviews the therapeutic mechanism of some ICIs; the incidence, risk factors, pathogenesis, and clinical and imaging manifestations of CIP; and the classification and treatment management of CIP.

The establishment of an in vivo mouse model mimicking human tumor-immune environments provides a promising platform for immunotherapy assessment, drug discovery and clinical decision guidance. To this end, we construct humanized NCG mice by transplanting human hCD34 + hematopoietic progenitors into non-obese diabetic (NOD) Cg- Prkdc scidIL2rg tm1Wjl /Sz (null; NCG) mice and monitoring the development of human hematopoietic and immune systems (Hu-NCG). The cell line-derived xenograft (CDX) Hu-NCG mouse models are set up to assess the outcome of immunotherapy mediated by the small molecule BMS202. As a PD-1/PD-L1 blocker, BMS202 shows satisfactory antitumour efficacy in the HCT116 and SW480 xenograft Hu-NCG mouse models. Mechanistically, BMS202 exerts antitumour efficacy by improving the tumor microenvironment and enhancing the infiltration of hCD8 + T cells and the release of hIFNγ in tumor tissue. Thus, tumor-bearing Hu-NCG mice are a suitable and important in vivo model for preclinical study, particularly in cancer immunotherapy.

Spent nuclear fuel reprocessing is the key step of the nuclear fuel cycle. It also restricts the sustainable development of nuclear power. With the help of external neutron source in an accelerator driven advanced nuclear energy system(ADANES), spent nuclear fuel reprocessing only needs to remove some volatile fission products and neutron poisons, such as rare elements. Moreover, it is not necessary to separate the long-lived minor actinides Np, Am and Cm finely. These minor actinides can be refabricated as new nuclear fuels together with uranium dioxide for burn, transmutation, breeding, and power production in the accelerator driven advanced nuclear energy system. Based on this, our group proposed a technical route for spent nuclear fuel reprocessing and regeneration of accelerator driven advanced nuclear energy system, including high-temperature oxidation pulverization and volatilization, selective dissolution separation, and fuel regeneration. The recent research of our group is summarized, which has a great significance for implementation of accelerator driven advanced nuclear energy system.

Mine ventilation system is the “lung” of the mine, maintaining the underground working environment, and ensuring the health and life safety of underground personnel. With the continuous development of intelligent technology in recent years, China has put forward the safety production guiding ideology of “mechanized replacement, intelligent reduction”, which can improve the safety production level of coal mines by reducing the number of front-line workers in coal production. Through investigation, it is concluded that the demand of the mine ventilation intelligent control system. In order to realize the system requirements, we design a set of modular mine ventilation intelligent control system, the intelligent module contains the main ventilator control system, intelligent control system of auxiliary fan, air door window intelligent control system and precise wind system, etc. The mine ventilation intelligent control system designed has been applied in Dashuitou Coal Mine in Gansu Province, which realizes intelligent control of mine ventilation system and special personnel inspection operation, improves the safety and reliability of mine ventilation and the precision of air volume regulation, reduces ventilation energy consumption and reduces the workload of ventilation management personnel.

[Objective] The relationships between soil carbon and nitrogen in a farmland ecosystem and soil physical and chemical properties were analyzed to provide a theoretical reference for the rational utilization of land resources in an alpine region. [Methods] Nineteen representative farmland sample plots were selected on a southern slope of the middle section of the Qilian Mountains. Total carbon (TC), total nitrogen content (TN), organic carbon content (SOC), and water content (SWC) of soils in the study plots were measured in the laboratory, and soil bulk density (ρb), particle size (clay, silt, sand), pH value, and other physical and chemical properties were determined. [Results] ① TC and TN decreased with increasing soil depth, and the average contents of TC and TN were 35.47 g/kg and 2.41 g/kg, respectively. ② The contents of SOC, SWC, clay, and silt also decreased with increasing soil depth, and the contents of soil ρb, pH value, and sand increased. ③ Soil physical and chemical properties were related to each other and jointly affected soil carbon and nitrogen content. The direct interaction between soil carbon and nitrogen was significant. Soil ρb had a direct effect on soil TC. SWC had an indirect effect on soil TC by affecting soil TN. Soil silt and clay contents had a direct effect on soil TN. Soil pH value had an indirect effect on soil TN by affecting soil silt and clay contents. [Conclusion] Farmland soil on a southern slope of the Qilian Mountains was relatively fertile, and TN and organic matter content were at a high level that could provide sufficient soil nutrients for vegetation growth in the study area. Under the farming practices currently used, the increase in soil TN and SWC was conducive to the accumulation of soil TC content, and the increase of soil TC, clay, and SWC content was conducive to the accumulation of soil TN content.

AgInS2 Quantum dots (AIS QDs) have high quantum yield and catalytic performance, which is promising materials in photo-catalytic and optoelectronic fields. In the paper, it adopted a simple and non-toxic method to synthesize AIS QDs. The effect of reaction temperature on the growth mechanism, optical and physical properties of AIS had been extensively investigated by using L-cysteine as the sulfur source, and their application in catalytic hydrogen production was also studied. The results demonstrated that the fluorescence properties will be quenched with the increase of temperature, indicating that the separation speed of electron hole pairs of samples obtained at higher temperature was faster. Meantime, the electron transport capacity and the photocurrent had also improved with the increase of reaction temperature. Finally, the sample obtained at 100 oC had higher hydrogen production rate.

This article explores how platforms reorganize our sense of everyday life. The platformization of everyday life means a changing relation to what we do in our daily lives, not only in China, but in every country in which digital platforms are becoming more relevant by the day. Using TikTok in China as our point of departure, we discuss the role of platform time and the abstracted audience.

Reinforcement of fibers was carried out by adding carbon black (CB), and hydroxylated and carboxylated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into electrospinning solution containing doped polyaniline (CSA-PANI) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN). CB/CSA-PANI/PAN and CNT/CSA-PANI/PAN electrospun nanofiber composite membrane was formed in high-voltage electric field. The CSA-PANI/CB/PAN fiber membrane was found to be more brittle than the MWCNTs/CSA-PANI/PAN fiber membrane. The average diameter of the CSA-PANI/CB/PAN nanofibers increased with CB addition, while the average diameter of CNT-added MWCNTs/CSA-PANI/PAN nanofibers decreased with increasing CNT concentrations. Upon greater CB and CNT addition, agglomeration occurred, and the surface of the fibers was raised slightly. The fracture strength of the nanofiber membrane was greatly improved with 1% added CB but then decreased upon further CB addition. Upon addition of CNTs, the fracture strength of the nanofiber membrane first increased and then decreased, and the addition of carboxylated CNTs was more advantageous for improving the fracture strength of the fiber membrane. The electromagnetic shielding performance of the fiber membranes was essentially the same for different radiation frequencies. Upon addition of CB and CNTs, the electromagnetic shielding performance of the fiber first increased and then decreased, with a more pronounced decrease obtained by the addition of CB.

Resistance characteristics research lays a foundation for establishing and improving excavator performance evaluation. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the general laws governing excavation resistance is particularly significant. Based on experimental data from 8 sets of excavation conditions involving two types of a 20 t backhoe hydraulic excavator, this paper first conducted a comparative analysis of the distribution trends and concentration of resistance coefficients, resistance moment coefficients, resistance angles, differential angles, and component rotation angular velocities. Subsequently, employing the response surface optimization theory, the main value intervals of relevant data under different conditions were obtained, and the impact of excavation scenarios and type variations on the distribution of these intervals was explored. Finally, the principal value intervals under different conditions were applied to calculate and verify the theoretical digging force. The results indicate differences in the general laws of resistance characteristics under different conditions, with the machine type having a more significant influence on the main value intervals than the excavation condition. Variations in the main value intervals lead to changes in the performance evaluation metrics of the excavator. Under different conditions, the front-end working unit of the excavator maintains a stable operational speed.

This essay simply explores the complex world of auctions and how they basically work. Start with a brief summary of auction’s history, from the Babylonian era to the present, the essay shows how auctions have evolved over the history. Then, four typical auctions are introduced by listing their rules and how they are played. Most importantly, at the main body, the essay revealed various factors that have impact on how an auction is played, such as sunk cost fallacy, information dynamics, auction rules, and the existence of bidders with distinct motivations. In addition, Candle and dollar auctions are used to show the impact of information and rules on an auction respectively. In the end, the essay argues that auctions are complicated rather than just contests for riches and emphasizes the significance of comprehending these factors. The essay aims to inform people to make wise decisions in both auctions and everyday life.

BackgroundThe Shanghai high repetition rate XFEL and extreme light facility (SHINE) accelerates electrons up to 8 GeV using cryogenic-superconducting high-frequency cavity. Wire scanner system is applied to the beam profile measurement of SHINE due to its advantages such as fewer secondary particles generation compared with that of complete beam block, hence reduce the risk of superconducting cavity.PurposeThis study aims to design data acquisition system for wire scanner system and realize synchronous acquisition of beam loss signal and relative position between the wire and beam.MethodsThe data acquisition system for wire scanner was designed to include radio frequency (RF) daughter board with analog signal digitizer, digital motherboard, firmware, data processing software. A Zynq-UltraScale+ based system on chip (SoC) was employed as system central component, and a field programmable gate array (FPGA) was used for system control and data transmission whilst the advanced RISC machine (ARM) integrating Linux was implemented for data acquisition and communication. Finally, experimental test of this data acquisition system was performed on the testbed to verify its feasibility and functionalities.ResultsThe data acquisition system can correctly read back position of grating ruler, and achieve synchronous acquisition of sample beam loss signal and signal of cavity beam position monitor.ConclusionsThe data acquisition system meets the requirements of SHINE wire scanner system. It will be applied to the prototype of SHINE wire scanner system.

The glass fiber reinforced resin matrix composite I-beams were designed and formed via a type of novel bending pultrusion processing technique, and the three-point bending tests were carried out to analyze the mechanical bending performances. The obtained results show that the main failure mode of the composite I-beam under the bending load is the upper structure (top flange) cracks along the length direction of the fibers, and the cracks simultaneously propagate downwards in the vertical direction. The bifurcated cracks can be found at the junction area between the top flange and web. In addition, the main bending failure mechanism of the composite I-beam includes the matrix cracking, propagation of cracks, and final fracture failure. In particular, noting that when the crack reaches the I-shaped neck position, the lateral bifurcation occurs, and the resulting secondary cracks further extend in two directions, which leads to the serious damage between the top flange and web, and the ultimate fracture failure occurs.