1. Sex differences orchestrated by androgens at single-cell resolution.
- Author
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Li F, Xing X, Jin Q, Wang XM, Dai P, Han M, Shi H, Zhang Z, Shao X, Peng Y, Zhu Y, Xu J, Li D, Chen Y, Wu W, Wang Q, Yu C, Chen L, Bai F, and Gao D
- Subjects
- Animals, Female, Humans, Male, Mice, Antigen Presentation drug effects, Antigen Presentation genetics, Immunity, Innate, Lymphocytes metabolism, Lymphocytes cytology, Lymphocytes immunology, Lymphocytes drug effects, Mice, Inbred C57BL, UK Biobank, Androgens metabolism, Androgens pharmacology, Sex Characteristics, Single-Cell Analysis, Transcriptome drug effects, Transcriptome genetics, Cells drug effects, Cells immunology, Cells metabolism
- Abstract
Sex differences in mammalian complex traits are prevalent and are intimately associated with androgens
1-7 . However, a molecular and cellular profile of sex differences and their modulation by androgens is still lacking. Here we constructed a high-dimensional single-cell transcriptomic atlas comprising over 2.3 million cells from 17 tissues in Mus musculus and explored the effects of sex and androgens on the molecular programs and cellular populations. In particular, we found that sex-biased immune gene expression and immune cell populations, such as group 2 innate lymphoid cells, were modulated by androgens. Integration with the UK Biobank dataset revealed potential cellular targets and risk gene enrichment in antigen presentation for sex-biased diseases. This study lays the groundwork for understanding the sex differences orchestrated by androgens and provides important evidence for targeting the androgen pathway as a broad therapeutic strategy for sex-biased diseases., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.)- Published
- 2024
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