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Plant polyphenol-inspired surface modification of membranes is helpful for oil-water separation. However, the preparation of this coating is time-consuming. Herein, we introduce a rapid synthesis of the TA-APTES coating by the addition of sodium periodate (SP). The surface chemical composition and morphology of the resultant TA-APTES hybrid coatings were characterized using SEM, ATR-FTIR, and XPS. The hydrophilicity and membrane performance were investigated by the water contact angle, pure water permeability, and oil rejection for an isooctane-in-water emulsion. The experimental findings revealed that the optimal microfiltration (MF) membrane (MF-TA-APTES-SP-0.05) displayed exceptional hydrophilicity and water permeability (9558 L m

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the equivalent relationship of accelerated corrosion and compilation method of environmental spectrum of corroded steel wires. Design/methodology/approach Based on Faraday’s law and the principle of equivalent corrosion damage, the method for compiling the equivalent environmental spectrum of accelerated corrosion was established. The equivalent conversion relationship of steel wire under different temperature and pH conditions and the relationship between corrosion factors and corrosion rate through the electrochemical tests were proposed. Findings The high temperature had a greater impact on the equivalent conversion coefficient than the low temperature. When the temperature increased from 15°C to 60°C, the equivalent conversion coefficient increased by about 3–6 times. The weak acid had a greater impact on equivalent conversion coefficient compared with strong acid. The effect of temperature on the equivalent conversion coefficient was much greater than that of pH value. Originality/value The compilation method of corrosion environment spectrum of bridge operation and the calculation method of corrosion depth proposed in this paper were reasonable, and the corrosion depth and service life of cable components could be predicted.

Polysaccharides coded as CP were extracted from Athyrium Multidentatum (Doll.) Ching and then fractionated into five fractions (FP-1, FP-2, FP-3, FP-4 and FP-5). A purified polysaccharide designated as FP-3-4 was prepared from FP-3 by Sephadex G-100 column chromatography. Chemical analysis disclosed that CP and these fractions were heteropolysaccharides and mainly composed of glucose, galactose, arabinose, mannose, rhamnose, xylose, fucose, ribose and uronic acid with different molar ratios. They presented different images of SEM. FP-3-4 was highly branched polymers with sixteen types of linkages. The in vitro immunomodulatory results stated that CP and these fractions could promote macrophage proliferation, enhance macrophage phagocytosis and increase the production of NO, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-2, indicating remarkable immune enhancement activities. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that CP and FP-3 induced macrophage activation mainly through MAPK and alternative NF-κΒ signaling pathways via CD14/TLR4 and Dectin-2 receptors, which were verified by RT-qPCR and western blot.

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the electrochemical corrosion rate of galvanized steel wires for bridge cables. Design/methodology/approach The electrochemical corrosion test and response surface analysis of galvanized steel wires were carried out, and the variety of polarization curves of galvanized steel wires under different corrosion parameters was discussed. The expression of corrosion rate of galvanized steel wires under the action of single and multi-factor coupling was established. Findings The polarization curves of galvanized steel wires under different Cl- concentrations, pH value and temperature were basically similar, but all show different degrees of deviation and some anodic polarization curves had inflection points. For example, when the Cl- concentration reached 3.5%, the corrosion rate of galvanized steel wire was four times that of pure water. Originality/value The influence relationship of single and multi-factor coupling on the corrosion rate of galvanized steel wires was as follows: RCl > RT * Cl > RT > RpH > RpH * T > RpH * Cl.

The characteristic parameters of corrosion pits on the surface of steel wires in service bridges are discussed. The degradation of mechanical properties of corroded steel wires and its relationship with different corrosion evaluation parameters are studied through tensile test. Finally, the damage constitutive model of corroded steel wires is established by introducing the damage variable D. The results show that there are four types of corrosion pits on the surface of steel wires, including the deep ellipsoid, shallow ellipsoid, groove and saddle shape. The higher the corrosion degree of steel wires, the less the number of deep ellipsoidal pits, the more the number of groove and saddle pits. The average corrosion depth of steel wires is positively correlated with the maximum pit depth, width and length. The strength of corroded steel wires mainly depends on the maximum pit depth. In addition, compared with the new steel wire, the average yield strength and ultimate strength of old steel wires decrease due to the influence of corrosion and the discreteness increases. The similarity of probability density function of new and old steel wires is high, and the corrosion has little effect on the elastic modulus of steel wires. Finally, the model curve is in good agreement with the experimental curve, and the proposed damage model of corroded steel wires is basically accurate.

A linear dynamic vehicle-bridge interaction method is proposed in this paper. This VBI system can be easily simulated by a step-by-step solution technique based on precise time-integration method following discretization of the bridge and modal analysis of the finite element model. By selecting the target structural mode with high modal participation in finite element modal analysis, the huge computational overhead caused by the multi-degrees of freedom of large structures in the dynamic response analysis can be effectively reduced. In this integration process, the characteristics of precise time-integration method can be used to ensure the stability and accuracy of the iterative calculation when selecting a relatively large time integration step. This provides the possibility to investigate the VBI problem in large-scale bridges. In this work, a half-vehicle model case and an experiment on full-vehicle model are used to verify the application of the algorithm. Then the dynamic sensitivity of a beam is analyzed based on the dynamic amplification factor.

This paper presents an efficient computational framework addressing the deflection prediction problem for prestressed concrete (PC) rigid frame bridge with corrugated steel webs (CSWs) erected by the balanced cantilever method. The framework consists of three stages of analysis: (1) obtain the datasets for establishing the prediction model, in which the input samples and output response are generated by the Latin hypercube sampling (LHS) technique and high-fidelity three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) model, respectively; (2) based on the datasets, an optimized neural network model that integrates with mind evolutionary computation (MEC) algorithm and back-propagation (BP) algorithm is established, then the model performance is evaluated by the statistical criteria; and (3) the well-trained MEC-BP model is used to predict the deflection for CSWs-PC bridge construction. The applicability and efficiency of the framework are demonstrated with a real CSWs-PC bridge. Results show that the proposed method achieves much better prediction performance than the conventional BP model, and can deliver an efficient prediction tendency for the deflection control of a CSWs-PC bridge during the complex construction process.

A PIDA-promoted cross-dehydrogenative coupling reaction between N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) and aryl ketones for efficient synthesis of N-alkoxyphthalimide products in moderate to good yields has been described. This methodology is distinguished by catalyst-free conditions, readily available starting materials, wide substrate scope and operational simplicity. In addition, a gram-scale reaction and synthetic transformation of the product into synthetically useful intermediates has been demonstrated.

The main bridge of the Yingzhou Bridge is a special -shaped concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) arch bridge. As a key load-carrying member, the safety of a hanger affects the service life of arch bridges. This paper presents a comprehensive frame work for fatigue reliability analysis of hangers in CFST arch bridges. A simplified finite element (FE) model is established to satisfy the fatigue analysis accuracy. The mathematical model for traffic flow of the Yingzhou Bridge is simulated using the Monte Carlo method. Then the stress time history of the hanger is calculated. The rain flow counting method is used to obtain the stress range values and the number of cycles. Based on the Miner cumulative damage rule, considering the effect of mean stress, the fatigue reliability for hangers with and without corrosion is calculated using the Monte Carlo Importance Sampling method. It is found that the reliability index of inclined hangers is lower than that of vertical hangers. Inclined hangers have a higher probability of failure earlier. The reliability index of the inclined hanger X3 in the position where the stiffness changes is the lowest, which should be paid greater attention to in daily maintenance. The reliability index of hangers with corrosion is significantly lower than that of hangers without corrosion, and the decline rate of the reliability index is increased with time.

In this study, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and signaling pathways involved in diquat (DQ) and paraquat (PQ) poisoning were identified via bioinformatics analysis, in order to inform the development of novel clinical treatments.Raw data from GSE153959 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. DEGs of the DQ vs. control (CON) and PQ vs. CON comparison groups were identified using R, and DEGs shared by the two groups were identified using TBtools. Subsequently, the shared DEGs were searched in the Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases, using the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed, and hub genes were identified using the cytoHubba plug-in in Cytoscape software. Finally, circos and contrast plots showing the DEGs shared between mouse and human chromosomes were constructed using TBtools.Thirty-one DEGs shared by the DQ and PQ groups were identified. Enriched biological process terms included positive regulation of cell proliferation and translation. Enriched cellular component terms included extracellular region, intracellular membrane-bounded organelle and mitochondrion. Enriched molecular function terms included transcription factor activity and sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding. Enriched KEGG pathways included the interleukin-17 signaling pathway, tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway, and human T-cell leukemia virus 1 infection. The top 10 hub genes in the PPI network were prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (These pathways and DEGs may serve as targets for gene therapy.

The merit of high energy density endows the lithium sulfide (Li2S)-based lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) as a promising candidate for next-generation energy storage batteries. In this work, Li2S is...

To study the corrosion behavior of galvanized steel wires under stress, the influence of stress level, pH value, Cl- concentration and the coupling effect on the corrosion rate of cable steel wire ...

Fatigue crack initiates from corrosion pits in various metallic structures, leads to the decline of the fatigue life. In the present study, the effects of the width, depth, angle and spacing of primary and secondary pits on failure mechanism and stress concentration factor are investigated by the experimental and numerical analysis. The results show that depth-width ratio of corrosion pits is the critical factor that affects the dangerous area and stress concentration factor. The development of secondary pits will lead to the multiplier effect of stress concentration factor. The maximum stress is basically located at the mouth or middle part of secondary pits. In addition, the pit angle does not change the distribution of dangerous area, but with the pits angle increasing, the stress concentration factor increases as a whole. The contours that classical butterfly-like distribution rotates and the rotation angle is basically the same with that of the corrosion pits. Furthermore, with the pits spacing increasing, the stress concentration factor increases gradually and converges to the fixed value, which is equal to the stress concentration factor under the single pit. Finally, the relationship between the pits parameters and stress concentration factor is systematically predicted.

Re-ablation has an important role in the control of recurrent atrial fibrillation (AF) post the first ablation. The present study was to report the outcome of AF re-ablation for patients who recurred after initial ablation, and to characterize the clinical and electrophysiological features predicting recurrence after redo ablation. From January 2012 to May 2017, patients undergoing re-ablation for AF in our hospital were consecutively enrolled. Clinical and electrophysiological data for the initial and second procedure were collected retrospectively and prospectively, respectively. All patients were followed up for one year and recurrences during the time were reported. Totally 259 patients entered into the analysis (age, 58.4 ± 10.5 years; 169 men). At the end of one-year follow-up, 85 patients recurred with atrial arrhythmias (32.8%). In the multivariate analysis, higher CHA2DS2-VASC score (p = 0.023, 95% CI 1.03–1.53) and shorter time to recurrence after the initial ablation (p = 0.001, 95% CI 0.93–0.98) were clinical factors predictive of one-year recurrence after the repeat ablation. The reconnection of the right pulmonary vein (PV) (p = 0.034, 95% CI 0.31–0.96) and the absence of not eliminated non-PV trigger at the second procedure (p = 0.032, 95% CI 1.25–142.80) independently predicted the better re-ablation outcome. About one-third of patients recurred after one year following re-ablation. CHA2DS2-VASC score and time to recurrence after the initial ablation were independent clinical factors predicting recurrence. Also, electrophysiological findings during the repeat ablation (the right PV reconnection and absence of not eliminated non-PV trigger) were associated with better outcome during one year of follow-up.

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are considered a prospective energy storage system because of their high theoretical specific capacity and high energy density, whereas Li-S batteries still face many serious challenges on the road to commercialization, including the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs), their insulating nature, the volume change of the active materials during the charge-discharge process, and the tardy sulfur redox kinetics. In this work, double transition metal oxide TiNb

Purpose:The study aimed to investigate left ventricular (LV) motion pattern in patients with LBBB patterns including patients with pacemaker rhythm (PM), type B Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (B-WPW), premature ventricular complexes originating from the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT-PVC), and complete left bundle branch block (CLBBB).Methods: Two-dimensional speckle tracking was used to evaluate peak value and time to peak value of the LV twist, LV apex rotation, and LV base rotation in patients with PM, B-WPW, RVOT-PVC, and CLBBB with normal LV ejection fraction, and in age-matched control subjects.Results: The LV motion patterns were altered in all patients compared to the control groups. Patients with PM and CLBBB had a similar LV motion pattern with a reduced peak value of LV apex rotation and LV twist. Patients with B-WPW demonstrated the opposite trend in the reduction of LV rotation peak value, which was more dominant in the basal layer. The most impairment in the LV twist/rotation peak value was identified in patients with RVOT-PVC. Compared to the control group, the apical-basal rotation delay was prolonged in patients with CLBBB, followed by those with B-WPW, RVAP, and RVOT-PVC.Conclusion: The LV motion patterns were different among patients with different patterns of LBBB. CLBBB and PM demonstrated a reduction in LV twist/rotation that was pronounced in the apical layer, B-WPW showed a reduction in the basal layer, and RVOT-PVC in both layers. CLBBB had the most pronounced LV apical-basal rotation dyssynchrony.

Neurotensin is an endogenous tridecapeptide that binds to neurotensin receptors in the brain, which induce hypothermia. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the receptor agonist ABS 201 could induce therapeutic hypothermia and improve postresuscitation outcomes in a ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest (VFCA) rat model. VF was electrically induced in 12 rats. Defibrillation was achieved after 6 min of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. After successful resuscitation, animals were randomized to receive ABS 201 (8 mg/kg/h) or placebo. Postresuscitation myocardial function and neurological deficit scores (NDS) were assessed, and postresuscitation survival duration was observed for up to 72 h. After administration of ABS 201, blood temperature decreased significantly from 37°C to 34°C, and was maintained for 2.5 h. There was a significant improvement of postresuscitation myocardial dysfunction, NDS, and survival duration in animals treated with ABS 201. These results demonstrated that ABS 201 induces therapeutic hypothermia in a VFCA rat model, ameliorates postresuscitation myocardial-neurological dysfunction, and prolongs survival duration. ABS 201 may therefore be an alternative method to induce therapeutic hypothermia with current cooling methods and improve postresuscitation outcomes.

A highly accurate collocation method based on barycentric interpolation (BICM) is proposed for solving linear and nonlinear vibration problems for multi-degree-of-freedom systems in this article. The mathematical model of the linear and nonlinear vibrations of multi-degree-of freedom systems is the initial value problem of the linear and nonlinear differential equations. The numerical solution of the linear differential equations can be directly solved by BICM. The numerical solution of nonlinear differential equations can be solved as following: Firstly, the nonlinear governing equation is converted to linear differential equation by assuming the initial function. Secondly, the linear differential equations are discretized into algebraic equations by using barycentric interpolation differential matrices. Thirdly, the numerical solution can be calculated by iteration method under given control precision. Finally, the numerical solution of calculation examples by using barycentric Lagrange interpolation iteration collocation method (BLIICM) and barycentric rational interpolation iteration collocation method (BRIICM) are compared with the analytical solution. Numerical results illustrate the advantages of proposed methodology are efficient, fast, simple formulations, and high precision. Comparing with BLIICM, BRIICM can still maintain its computational stability when dealing with a large number of nodes, especially the equidistant nodes.