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Regional transportation emissions reduction is the key to realizing deep emission reduction and the neutralization of transportation. Transportation development is accompanied by technological progress, and inter-regional transportation technological progress and carbon emission spillover effects are issues worthy of study. Based on the 2011–2020 provincial data of 30 provinces and cities in China, a spatial Durbin model was constructed to explore the impact of technological progress on regional spillovers of carbon emissions and the driving effect of emissions reduction. The conclusions show that the “community effect” causes direct interactions between transportation carbon emissions reduction practices in various provinces; the “acquired effect” and “leakage effect” drive technological progress between regions and cause indirect interactions between transportation carbon emissions reduction practices; transportation technology progress is more likely to occur between regions with similar transportation development. Finally, some suggestions are put forward in terms of establishing a mechanism for the coordinated reduction of regional carbon emissions, strengthening the interactions and economic connections between inter-regional transportation technologies, optimizing the spatial layout of transportation infrastructure, and building a low-carbon transportation system, so as to lay a solid foundation for the coordinated reduction of regional transportation carbon emissions.

Venous graft disease (VGD) is the leading cause of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) failure. Large animal models of CABG-VGD are needed for the investigation of disease mechanisms and the development of therapeutic strategies. To perform the surgery, we enter the cardiac chamber through the third intercostal space and carefully dissect the internal mammary vein and immerse it in normal saline. The right main coronary artery is then treated for ischemia. The target vessel is incised, a shunt plug is placed, and the distal end of the graft vein is anastomosed. The ascending aorta is partially blocked, and the proximal end of the graft vein is anastomosed after perforation. The graft vein is checked for patency, and the proximal right coronary artery is ligated. CABG surgery is performed in minipigs to harvest the left internal mammary vein for its use as a vascular graft. Serum biochemical tests are used to evaluate the physiological status of the animals after surgery. Ultrasound examination shows that the proximal, middle, and distal end of the graft vessel are unobstructed. In the surgical model, turbulent blood flow in the graft is observed upon histological examination after the CABG surgery, and venous graft stenosis associated with intimal hyperplasia is observed in the graft. The study here provides detailed surgical procedures for the establishment of a repeatable CABG-induced VGD model.

As a “key project school of smart education” in Wuhou District, Zhongliang Xiangyun Branch of Chengdu Longjiang Road Primary School actively explores smart education projects, promotes classroom teaching and learning reform, and strives to create smart classrooms with strict standards, high quality, and high efficiency under the guidance of the Wuhou “National Smart Education Demonstration Zone”. The school focuses on student-centered learning and improving core literacy, while combining the concept of the new national curriculum standards and the requirements of digital education transformation to develop a new smart classroom teaching model that advocates student autonomy, situational teaching, and cooperative learning. The school has also provided in-depth teacher training and promoted the construction of an AI teaching analysis system platform to support smart classroom teaching and research. The school is committed to continuously improving the evaluation mechanism of smart classroom teaching, ensuring the high-level implementation and high-quality development of classroom teaching, and ultimately achieving the all-round development of students and creating a new pattern of smart classrooms.

Traffic accidents in mountainous highway tunnels have resulted in significant negative effects and losses. Among the potential hazards that can lead to fatal injuries, human-related hazards have been recognized as the leading cause. Determining the risk management effectively and prioritizing unsafe human behavior are the basis for preventing and controlling traffic accidents in mountainous highway tunnels. Therefore, hazards that could potentially cause highway tunnel traffic accidents were identified by using a tail-biting fish diagram combined with the fault tree method. A risk assessment model was constructed based on probability, degree of importance, and loss. Furthermore, the probability can be calculated by assessing the degree of unreliability, which can be obtained by assessing the degree of importance of unsafe behavior in the fault tree, and the loss can be acquired from the authority. The case of 8–10 traffic accidents that occurred in the Qinling No. 1 Tunnel of the Ankang section of the Beijing-Kunming expressway was studied, and the values of the unsafe behaviors were assessed. According to the risk values, the priority for controlling unsafe behaviors can be acquired and tailored measures can be taken to prevent and control the risks, which provides a theoretical basis and new method for the effective control of mountainous highway tunnel traffic accidents.

Pollution and carbon reduction is a key strategic direction for ecological civilization in China, and a hot issue of concern for the government and the whole society. The main goal of this paper was to consider the regional externalities of traffic emissions and clarify the relationship between provincial and central government strategies under the government reward and punishment mechanism. This paper considers the unevenness of regional transportation emissions, constructs a three-party evolutionary game model among transportation carbon deficit provinces, transportation carbon surplus provinces, and the central government, discusses the evolutionary stability of the game under different strategies of the three parties, and analyzes the influence of each element on the game structure. The study shows that: Environmental losses can increase the evolutionary speed of active emission reduction in transportation carbon deficit provinces, and the probability of supporting cross-regional carbon emission reduction in transportation carbon surplus provinces decreases slightly with the increase and the probability of central government regulation increases. The central government has a certain binding effect on transportation carbon deficit provinces and carbon surplus provinces through fines, and cross-zone cooperation subsidies are conducive to promoting carbon deficit provinces to actively reduce emissions. The cross-region compensation of carbon deficit provinces can promote the governments of carbon surplus provinces to support cross-region carbon emission abatement, and the cost of regulation will reduce the probability of central government regulation. Finally, Matlab simulation is used to verify the conclusions and provide countermeasures and suggestions for cross-regional abatement of regional transportation emissions by the central government.

As a densely overlapping area under the national overarching development strategy, the Chengdu–Chongqing Economic Circle (CCEC) possesses a significant strategic location. However, compared with the other three growth pillars, the economic energy of the CCEC is still at a low level and in urgent need of improvement, which has to be implemented step by step in a systematic manner. At present, the focus remains on the two central cities—Chengdu and Chongqing. In contrast to the traditional evaluation of the regional economic energy level (EEL) solely from the “internal comprehensive development level”, this paper takes an angle on the interdependence and co-existence of “field source” and “field” to construct a preliminary index system which accounts for the “external economic connection level” as well. We then calibrate and validate the proposed model from both statistical and empirical angles. Finally, by optimizing the model, this paper evaluates the EELs of the Chengdu–Chongqing twin cities by fuzzy integrals of comprehensive weights. The results show the following: (1) From the perspective of overall indicators, the EELs of Chengdu and Chongqing have been rising from 2000 to 2018. In 2019, due to deglobalization and the Sino-US trade war, both cities appeared to reach an inflection point. (2) In terms of horizontal comparison, the EELs of the two cities basically coincide with each other, in line with the positioning of Chengdu–Chongqing as the two leading cities in Western China. However, their EELs have been lagging behind those of Beijing, indicating more room for further improvement. (3) From the point of view of sub-indexes, Chongqing has the advantage in the “external economic connection level” while Chengdu has the advantage in the “internal comprehensive development level”. The dislocation and complementarity of Chongqing and Chengdu has become an opportunity to break away from the stiff competition and jointly improve their EELs. (4) By comparing our evaluation with the traditional assessment, we note that the EEL tends to be misestimated if comprehensive factors regarding the “external economic connection level” are not taken into account.

The international transport corridor is the basis and carrier of economic and trade exchanges between countries and regions. International transport corridors span different countries and regions, coupled with the long distance, complicated transportation environment and process, which determines the potential risks of the operation of the transport corridors. Therefore, accurately identifying and assessing the risk of international channels are an important prerequisite for ensuring its safe and stable operation. The expert scoring method is used to collect the basic data of risk identification, and the hesitant fuzzy decision theory is introduced. The dependent linguistic ordered weighted geometric (DLOWG) operator and the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method are used in combination. Taking the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) as an example, evaluate the operational risks of the international transport corridor. The research results show that corruption, terrorism, and policy stability are the top three risk factors in the operation of the China-Pakistan transport corridor. The risk management and control should focus on these three types of risks and strengthen the security management along the route. Strengthen policy docking and communication, maintain political stability, and strengthen antiterrorism cooperation.

BackgroundThe brugada syndrome（BrS）is an inherited disorder that can lead to sudden death. A young man who experienced sudden cardiac arrest caused by Brs was successfully rescued after 2hour cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). This is a case that has raised concerns in China (more than 200 million people read this news via the internet).Case presentationA 28 years old young man was successfully managed with Veno-arterial ECMO (VA-ECMO) and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) after more than 2 hours CPR. The diagnosis of BrS was identified during ECMO supported, and further ECG screening found two asymptomatic patients. ConclusionBrS can lead to malignant arrhythmia. VA-ECMO is the rescue treatment for patients with cardiac arrest who cannot be cured by conventional resuscitation. VA-ECMO combined with CRRT may help to improve the prognosis of critically ill patients.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of levosimendan in perioperative aortic and/or mitral valve replacement. Methods Patients undergoing open heart aortic and/or mitral valve replacement in our hospital from January 2018 to December 2019 were enrolled. 45 patients in the control group received routine perioperative treatment based on dopamine, while 45 patients in the research group received continuous perioperative administration of levosimendan injection for 24h on the basis of routine treatment. The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVDd) and left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVDs) were evaluated by color doppler echocardiography before and one week after surgery. Postoperative mechanical ventilation weaning time, length of ICU stays, number of vasoactive drugs used and withdrawal time; indexes of liver and kidney function before and on the day after surgery to 10 days after surgery; use of in vitro support techniques such as aortic balloon pulsation (IABP), continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) within 5 days of perioperative period. Results The improvement of LVDs and LVEF in the study group using levosimendan one week after the operation was significantly better than that in the control group (P value was 0.013 and 0.001, respectively), and fewer kinds of vasoactive drugs were needed (P), and the risk of postoperative AKI in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P=0.047). Conclusion The perioperative use of levosimendan can effectively promote the recovery of cardiac systolic function and reduce the risk of postoperative AKI. &nbsp

Background We report the first successful short-term outcome of one-stage minimally invasive surgery (MIS) mitral valve repair and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) lobectomy. Case presentation We report the first successful short-term outcome of combined one-stage video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery lobectomy and minimally invasive surgery in a patient with operable primary right upper lobe adenocarcinoma and mitral regurgitation. Post- operative recovery was uneventful, and follow-up at 6 weeks confirmed an excellent surgical and oncologic outcome. Conclusions We think one-stage minimally invasive surgery (MIS) cardiac surgery and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) lobectomy would benefit patients with satisfactory cardiac and pulmonary function.

This paper analyzes the influencing factors of road transport carbon emissions from the perspective of “human-vehicle-environment”. The investigation data of Chongqing Transportation Group passenger transport emissions is used to carry out stepwise regression analysis. Influencing factors are selected to determine the main factors affecting road transport emissions; meanwhile, the road passenger transport emissions model is established. The influence degree of the main factors and the stability of the model are studied, and the calculation effect of the actual emission test model is compared. The results show that: a. the main influencing factors are the driving mileage of the secondary trunk road, the service life of the vehicle, the load quality and the oil products, among which the driving age, the driving mileage of the main trunk road and the highway are not the main influencing factors. b. The regression model is tested for multicollinearity, equal variance and residual distribution. It is found that the regression model does not have multicollinearity, which meets the hypothesis of equal variance and residual approximate normal distribution. It indicates that the model was stable. c. The simulation results show that the calculated value and the actual value almost coincide, and the fitting effect is optimal.

A new closed form location algorithm for mobile user is proposed in this paper. In wireless communication systems, the time difference of arrival (TDOA) measurements can be obtained by computing the correlation function of the forward link pilot signals, the angle of arrival (AOA) measurements can be obtained by calculating the spatial spectrum for the reverse link pilot signal. With the measurements TDOA and AOA, the position of a mobile station (MS) can be determined. Firstly, the nonlinear TDOA and AOA measurement equations without noise are transformed to linear equations for the positions of MS. Secondly, the linear errors are calculated by the noisy measurement, and then a weighted least square method is used to solve the linear equations. The Cramer Rao bound (CRB) is analyzed in this paper. Finally, computer simulation is given. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed method can attain to CRB at moderate measurement noise.

Background: Repair of doubly committed subarterial ventricular septal defects (DCVSD) via a minimal mid-partial sternotomy has not been reported. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility and safety of this procedure. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all patients with a clinical diagnosis of DCVSD and underwent repair via minimal mid-partial sternotomy at our institution. Patient characteristics, perioperative, and follow-up data were collected. Results: A total of 13 patients who underwent minimal mid-partial sternotomy DCVSD repair were analyzed. Postoperative echocardiogram revealed that no patient had the residual shunt. No patient reported adverse event during postoperative course. There was no perioperative or late death during follow-ups. All patients were satisfied with the inconspicuous scar. Conclusions: Minimal mid-partial sternotomy is a safe and effective approach for DCVSD repair with satisfied treatment outcomes and cosmetic benefits.

The use of independent driving electric vehicels for extreme sports is a matter to consider. This paper presents a steady-state drift controller for rear-wheel independent driving electric vehicels. The controller is based on linear quadratic regulator technology. A drift equilibrium condition calculator is designed based on the longitudinal force pre-distribution of rear tires and the Pacejka tire model. The results are used as the system reference input. Finally, the CarSim-MATLAB/Simulink co-simulation is carried out to verify the controller.

We discuss the nursing intervention of nonstop minimally invasive tricuspid valve forming with simultaneous atrial flutter after secondary cardiac surgery. Patient is a 50-years-old male who undergoing repair of atrial septal defect by central thoracotomy with extracorporeal circulation as atrial septal defect in the 30 years ago require repair of atrial septal defect by central thoracotomy with extracorporeal circulation again as residual shunt after repair. In patient checking report of January 2019, it indicated that in the case of no obvious inducement patients appear palpitation, palpitation, is persistent. Base on admission dynamic electrocardiogram, it indicated: (1) Persistent atrial flutter (2) second degree atrioventricular block with junctional escape (3) severe tricuspid regurgitation. In result of operation, we successfully completed the operation, and the patient had no complications after the operation. The surgical procedure was to perform electrophysiological mapping of the right atrium, establish extracorporeal circulation, surgical bipolar radiofrequency ablation, and tricuspid valve formation. Base on result of this operation, effective implementation of prospective nursing interventions can reduce the risk of surgery. In addition, in operation process, as the operation involves a large number of instruments and equipment and surgical personnel, the position of equipment and the rationality of personnel station will influence the result of operation.

Although ‘Cap-and-trade’ mainly constrains the manufacturer, the decision of the manufacturer’s emission reduction will affect the decision of the whole supply chain. In this paper, we investigate manufacturer and retailer’s decision under decentralized decision and centralized decision and taking into account the impact of carbon price and consumer environmental consciousness. Specially, we analyse the condition of whether a manufacturer transfers the emission reduction task to retailer. Besides, we use computational experiments to analyse the sensitivity by changing the cost function. Through the research, we have some findings: under a decentralized decision, manufacturer transfers emissions reduction task in more times, if the manufacturer transfers the emissions reduction task, the effectiveness of the emissions reduction, demand, retailer's revenue per product and consumer welfare decrease. Under centralized decision, the manufacturer does not transfer emissions reduction task all time, which is affected by emissions reduction cost of the manufacturer and retailer, carbon price and consumer environmental consciousness. In addition, emissions reduction cost function is not the sensitivity factor.

Serogroup W135 polysaccharides from Neisseria meningitidis constitute a vaccine antigen against the disease caused by this bacterium. In the present study, a series of pilot scale experiments were carried out in a 300 L fermentor to enhance the final polysaccharide (PS) yield for industrial vaccine production. A three-step submerged fermentation technique significantly increased the production of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W135 polysaccharides. Optimal conditions for polysaccharide production were as follows: ammonia nitrogen of 1.0 mg/mL, culture temperature of 36.5 °C, initial incubation concentration of 5×10 cfu-mL−1 and pH 7.0. The natural slow pH recovery of half an hour was considered the culture endpoint for the submerged fermentation, which provided a balance between polysaccharide quality and quantity. The highest PS yield reached 55 μg/mL, and the obtained W135 polysaccharide satisfied the WHO criteria for suitable antigens for industrialized vaccine production by the strategies. T...

This work analyzes the particularities on present urbanization, urban spatial structure with “multi-centre and cluster-mode,” and motorization of the main urban area in Chongqing. In addition, the characteristics of traffic congestion are analyzed from the perspective of time and space evolution. The characteristics show that the congestion sources are combined with congestion points and regionalized; the congested points locate in connections between clusters, and transportation supply is insufficient; traffic congestion occurs intensively during the morning and evening peak hours and is in the stage of duration extension. The characteristics indicate that the traffic congestion in the inner-ring urban areas of Chongqing is getting worse with more congested regions and last longer than peak-hour duration. Finally, the ideology on congestion management is proposed briefly in the aspects of urban spatial structure, public transit, traffic-demand management, and travel civilization.

This article first proposes training objectives of excellent talents in economics and management for transportation industry. Then it establishes “Route - Variable branch exchange mode”, and probes into its comfortable approaches achieved. At last the paper suggests some measures for its management and operation mechanism innovation.

The main urban areas of Chongqing has gradually sunk into the traffic predicament existing in other central cities in the world—the increase of public transportation development scale is behind the growth of private cars development scale, invalid consumption of resources is very serious, and the traffic congestion is the result. In order to jump out of the predicament, Chongqing should implement the strategy of “two-push and one-restraint”. Firstly, it should push the public traffic backbone—the rail traffic network forward to achieve a great-leap-forward development from the system and mechanism aspects, and compressing the net completion time. Second, it should promote the service efficiency and service level of normal bus transit, and simultaneously restrain the travel demand in private cars.

The beginning of this article made a book about a network audit, discussion on the enterprise operation of the network audit in e-commerce environment, Canalysis of network audit is different from traditional audit. Network audit is divided into three working modes, deals with the characteristics of network audit mode, explains how to implement network audit. Proposed network audit process of the five steps, should pay attention to the problem, to help enterprises improve the quality of audit work and audit integrity.