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Background: Studies evaluating the association between prenatal ultrasounds and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have largely produced negative results. Concern remains due to the rising identification of children with ASD and ultrasound use. Objective: To evaluate the association between prenatal ultrasound use and ASD. Methods: We used data from the Study to Explore Early Development, a multisite case‐control study of preschool‐aged children with ASD implemented during 2007–2012. We recruited cases from children receiving developmental disability services and randomly selected population controls from birth records. ASD case status was based on in‐person standardised assessments. We stratified analyses by pre‐existing maternal medical conditions and pregnancy complications associated with increased ultrasound use (ultrasound indications) and used logistic regression to model case status by increasing ultrasound counts. For pregnancies with medical record data on ultrasound timing, we conducted supplementary tests to model associations by trimester of exposure. Results: Among 1524 singleton pregnancies, ultrasound indications were more common for ASD cases than controls; respectively, for each group, no indications were reported for 45.1% and 54.2% of pregnancies, while ≥2 indications were reported for 26.1% and 18.4% of pregnancies. The percentage of pregnancies with multiple ultrasounds varied by case status and the presence of ultrasound indications. However, stratified regression models showed no association between increasing ultrasound counts and case status, either for pregnancies without (aOR 1.01, 95% CI 0.92, 1.11) or with ultrasound indications (aOR 1.01, 95% CI 0.95, 1.08). Trimester‐specific analyses using medical record data showed no association in any individual trimester. Conclusions: We found no evidence that prenatal ultrasound use increases ASD risk. Study strengths included gold‐standard assessments for ASD case classification, comparison of cases with controls, and a stratified sample to account for conditions associated both with increased prenatal ultrasound use and ASD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a condition characterized by impaired social communication as well as restricted and repetitive behaviors. It is considered a neurodevelopmental disorder because it is associated with neurologic changes that may begin in prenatal or early postnatal life, alters the typical pattern of child development, and produces chronic signs and symptoms that usually manifest in early childhood and have potential long-term consequences. In past decades, autism was conceptualized as a strictly defined set of behaviors, usually accompanied by intellectual impairment. Today, it is recognized as a spectrum, ranging from mild to severe, in which behaviors vary substantially and the majority of children who fall on the spectrum have average to above average intellectual ability. Here, the authors discuss the risk factors for ASD, its epidemiology, common concurrent conditions, evaluation, diagnosis, treatments, and outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Residents of communities without local access to clinical oncology care face significant challenges that can be addressed through the use of technology. Teleoncology uses secure, interactive video- and audioconferencing and telephone communication to remotely deliver quality cancer care. OBJECTIVES: This article introduces the role of the oncology nurse navigator (ONN) as a collaborative caregiver and virtual resource for patients and teleoncology providers. METHODS: The literature on telehealth, nurse navigation, and teleoncology was reviewed to describe the ONN role and its integration with eHealth technologies. FINDINGS: As a member of the interprofessional provider team, the ONN works collaboratively with patients and their family members and serves as a virtual resource. The ONN also provides clinical communication among clinical oncology providers and support staff. The ONN supports eHealth as a method of providing clinical care to patients close to their homes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the first time, the Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network (ADDM) at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported prevalence estimates based on two different diagnostic schemes in the 2014 surveillance period. Results found substantial agreement between surveillance case status based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders–Fourth Edition–Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) criteria and DSM-5 criteria ASD (kappa = 0.85). No study has replicated this agreement in another independent sample of surveillance records. The objectives of this study were to (1) replicate agreement between surveillance status based on DSM-IV-TR criteria and DSM-5 criteria for ASD, (2) quantify the number of children who met surveillance status based on only DSM-IV-TR criteria and only DSM-5 criteria for ASD, and (3) evaluate differences in characteristics of these latter two groups of children. The study sample was 8-year-old children who had health and education records reviewed for ASD surveillance in metropolitan Atlanta, GA in the 2012 surveillance year. Results found substantial agreement between child’s surveillance status using DSM-IV-TR criteria and DSM-5 criteria for ASD (kappa = 0.80). There were no differences in child race/ethnicity, child sex, or intellectual disability between surveillance status defined by DSM-IV-TR criteria and that defined by DSM-5 criteria. Children who met surveillance status based on DSM-IV-TR criteria, but not DSM-5 criteria, were more likely to have developmental concerns and evaluations in the first three years. Children who met surveillance status based on DSM-5 criteria, but not DSM-IV-TR criteria, were more likely to have been receiving autism-related services or previously diagnosed with ASD. These results suggest that surveillance status of ASD based on DSM-5 criteria is largely comparable to that based on DSM-IV-TR criteria, and identifies children with similar demographic and intellectual characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on Anticipate and Address Anxiety in Survivorship Care.

The article explores Communication is central to an oncology nurse's role-with provide a written copy of the information. Nurses can also assess patients and families, within the unit, and across interprofes- the environment and remove as many distractions as possible. sional teams. Thejoint Commission identified poor commu- Understanding the science of communication is important, but nication as a causative factor in 80% of medical errors.

The article presents a case study of a 42-year-old patient with locally advanced pancreatic cancer, treated with 5-fluorouracil, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin followed by capecitabine and radiation therapy. It mentions that patient considers a phase 1 clinical trial after surveillance imaging shows disease progression and she continues to experience side effects such as a 25-pound weight loss and grade 2 peripheral neuropathy.

The article discusses the ethical dilemma faced by nurses and health workers in the lack of equal access to medical treatments and research for neurologically compromised patients as of 2022. Topics covered include the limited decision-making capacity (MDC) of patients with brain tumors and nervous system disorders that put them at risk for stigmatism and disparate care access, and the use of a surrogate decision-maker. Also noted are measures to enable MDC in afflicted patients.

The article focuses on the night shift nurses. Topics discussed include the role of clock genes in responding to night work, effect of shift work on circadian rhythm and overall health, and adaptation to fatigue and sleep regularity. Comments from Oncology Nurse Society member Pam Richardson at Presbyterian/St Luke's Medical Center in Denver, Colorado are presented.

The article offers suggestions by Joanne Lester, research scientist at the Ohio State Division of Surgical Oncology in Columbus, Georgia and Anne Zobec, oncology nurse practitioner at Rocky Mountain Cancer Center in Colorado Springs, Colorado for oncology nurses to discuss intimacy related issues with cancer patients. Topics discussed include showing images to explain parts which can get affected due to cancer, using the books such as "Sexuality for Men" and discussing oral sex.

The article offers information on the use of conversational assessments to deliver whole-person care. It mentions that whole-person care involves evaluating a patient's physical, emotional, spiritual, and social health. It discusses that conversational assessment can help oncology nurses foster an open dialogue about the patient as a person.

The article discusses diagnosing with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Topics discussed including broad term encompassing the beliefs, social norms, and ways of life in a large group of people; the International Council of Nurses (2021) instructs nurses in its Code of Ethics; and discussing the treatment with other religious leaders and they made the decision to allow her to use a monoclonal antibody.

The article discusses the ethical principles that health professionals should consider when conducting oncology care using telehealth during teleoncology care by citing the experiences of a rural clinic manager in the U.S. Other topics include the pros and cons of telehealth in areas like physical assessments of patients and patient-provider relationships.

This study examined the prevalence and characteristics of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), cerebral palsy (CP), hearing loss (HL), intellectual disability (ID), and vision impairment (VI) over a 15–20 year time period, with specific focus on concurrent changes in ASD and ID prevalence. We used data from a population-based developmental disabilities surveillance program for 8-year-olds in metropolitan Atlanta. From 1991–2010, prevalence estimates of ID and HL were stable with slight increases in VI prevalence. CP prevalence was constant from 1993–2010. The average annual increase in ASD prevalence was 9.3% per year from 1996–2010, with a 269% increase from 4.2 per 1,000 in 1996 to 15.5 per 1,000 in 2010. From 2000–2010, the prevalence of ID without ASD was stable; during the same time, the prevalence of ASD with and without co-occurring ID increased by an average of 6.6% and 9.6% per year, respectively. ASD prevalence increases were found among both males and females, and among nearly all racial/ethnic subgroups and levels of intellectual ability. Average annual prevalence estimates from 1991–2010 underscore the significant community resources needed to provide early intervention and ongoing supports for children with ID (13.0 per 1,000), CP, (3.5 per 1,000), HL (1.4 per 1,000) and VI (1.3 in 1,000), with a growing urgency for children with ASD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the practice which does not have a process for when to order next generation sequencing (NGS). It discusses that supporting best patient care is every nurse's ethical responsibility; and mentions that even the evidence is inconsistent on when to implement NGS or discuss clinical trials, resulting in missed opportunities for access to novel medications and therapy combinations.

Highlights: [•] We analyzed the associations of SES and cognitive enrichment with cognitive performance among children from an advantaged and a disadvantaged population. [•] Individual SES was associated with cognitive performance within advantaged and disadvantaged populations. [•] Child enrichment was associated with better cognitive performance and attenuated the SES influence. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Aim The aim of this study was to report the prevalence and characteristics of children with cerebral palsy ( CP). Method Children with CP ( n=451) were ascertained by the Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring ( ADDM) Network, a population-based, record-review surveillance system monitoring CP in four areas of the USA. Prevalence was calculated as the number of children with CP among all 8-year-old children residing in these areas in 2008. Motor function was categorized by Gross Motor Function Classification System level and walking ability. Co-occurring autism spectrum disorders ( ASD) and epilepsy were ascertained using ADDM Network surveillance methodology. Results The period prevalence of CP for 2008 was 3.1 per 1000 8-year-old children (95% confidence interval 2.8-3.4). Approximately 58% of children walked independently. Co-occurring ASD frequency was 6.9% and was higher (18.4%) among children with non-spastic CP, particularly hypotonic CP. Co-occurring epilepsy frequency was 41% overall, did not differ by ASD status or CP subtype, and was highest (67%) among children with limited or no walking ability. Interpretation The prevalence of CP in childhood from US surveillance data has remained relatively constant, in the range of 3.1 to 3.6 per 1000, since 1996. The higher frequency of ASD in non-spastic than in spastic subtypes of CP calls for closer examination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A case study is presented of a Don, age 72, was diagnosed with borderline resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma more than a year ago. Genetic testing indicated a BRCA2 variant. It discusses that he had no evidence of disease for six months until a liver lesion seen on surveillance imaging tested positive for metastatic pancreatic cancer; and mentions that his medical oncologist suggests a clinical trial targeting the BRCA2 variant.

The article focuses on chronic stress exposes the body to increased levels of the stress hormone cortisol the hippocampus, which is the learning and memory center of the brain, is especially sensitive to cortisol. Topics include ongoing stress and elevated cortisol levels can eventually damage the hippocampus and affect our ability to reason and remember and learning one! memory often decline during periods of chronic stress and unresolved trauma.

The article presents a case study of a 73-year-old patient receiving lung cancer treatment. Topics include nurses addressing patients' spiritual care and refering to chaplaincy than the physician counterparts; and nurses having a personal presence and awareness of personal beliefs influencing spiritual conversations.

The article focuses on the evidence for compassion's benefits during stress is compelling. Topics discussed include Quality health care and a renewal of purpose can of= when compassionate care is at the forefront of oncology nursing; and research affirms that practicing compassion can bust burnout, restore a resilient workforce, and positively affect patient outcomes.

The article presents a case study of a 42-year-old patient who has been diagnosed with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The article discusses that she completed neoadjuvant chemotherapy with dose-dense doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide, followed by paclitaxel and carboplatin; and the basal-like 1 (BLl) subtype has the highest rate of pathologic complete response because of its increased sensitivity to platinum-based chemotherapy.

The article explores the different types of rest. Topics mentioned include the elements of physical rest including the passive act of sleeping and restorative yoga, benefits of mental rest including improved memory, the role of sensory rest in repairing the damage of overstimulation, and the barriers to emotional rest. Also provided are activities for practicing the seven types of rest.

The article describes a case of fibromyalgia in a 57-year-old woman with clear cell metastatic renal cell carcinoma and presents advice for oncology nurses on how to educate the patient about her combination therapy with pembrolizumab and axitinib. Also mentioned are the things that should be discussed to the patient including the effect of axitinib on blood pressure and the importance of maintaining the bowel regimen.

The article presents a case study on the side effects of FolFox chemotherapy for colorectal cancer on body weight and body mass index (BMI). It highlights the impact of distribution of adipose and lean tissue on delivery of body's response to systemic therapies. It also discusses the role of oncology nurses in motivating patients through the Get Up, Get Moving approach of the ONS (Oncology Nursing Society) to fight fatigue while having cancer therapies, as of May 2021.

Background: Community-based mask wearing has been shown to reduce the transmission of SARS-CoV-2. However, few studies have conducted an economic evaluation of mask mandates, specifically in public transportation settings. This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of implementing mask mandates for subway passengers in the United States by evaluating its potential to reduce COVID-19 transmission during subway travel. Materials and methods: We assessed the health impacts and costs of subway mask mandates compared to mask recommendations based on the number of infections that would occur during subway travel in the U.S. Using a combined box and Wells-Riley infection model, we estimated monthly infections, hospitalizations, and deaths averted under a mask mandate scenario as compared to a mask recommendation scenario. The analysis included costs of implementing mask mandates and COVID-19 treatment from a limited societal perspective. The cost-effectiveness (net cost per averted death) of mandates was estimated for three different periods based on dominant SARS-CoV-2 variants: Alpha, Beta, and Gamma (November 2020 to February 2021); Delta (July to October 2021); and early Omicron (January to March 2022). Results: Compared with mask recommendations only, mask mandates were cost-effective across all periods, with costs per averted death less than a threshold of $11.4 million (ranging from cost-saving to $3 million per averted death). Additionally, mask mandates were more cost-effective during the early Omicron period than the other two periods and were cost saving in January 2022. Our findings showed that mandates remained cost-effective when accounting for uncertainties in input parameters (e.g., even if mandates only resulted in small increases in mask usage by subway ridership). Conclusions: The findings highlight the economic value of mask mandates on subways, particularly during high virus transmissibility periods, during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study may inform stakeholders on mask mandate decisions during future outbreaks of novel viral respiratory diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a case of a 32-year-old Hodgkin lymphoma survivor to discuss issues on transgender cancer screening selection. In the case, the patient's sexual identity is male but his gender assigned at birth is female. Also cited are the need for oncology clinicians to know which body parts a patient retained since birth to best address cancer screening guidelines, and how the patient prepared for cervical cancer screening.

The article reflects the views of author on how aiming for perfection in clinical trails can be dangerous to the mental health with confidence to perform the task with exactness. Topics include risk for depression is high when a person's self-worth is tied to meeting extreme personal goals and others' expectations; and perceived mistakes and engage in harsh self-criticism.

The aticle discusses Marianne, an oncology nurse navigator, has preparing a cancer treatment summary and survivorship care 0 9.L. 1/ plan for Sylvia, who finished breast cancer treatment. Topics include Marianne wonders the stage has determined before or after chemotherapy and surgery; and marianne notices that the oncologist recorded Sylvia's cancer as a stage IB.

The article discusses pandemics have a tremendous impact on societies and individuals. Topics include ongoing research about how the pandemic affects personality types, 41% of feelers reported feeling guilty about having a job only 19% of thinkers answered the question similarly; and the Myers-Briggs personality test classifies people as thinkers or feelers.

The article discusses constructive criticism or feedback typically involves a performed task, process, or behavior. Topics include the Sintelly educational platform provided strategies for accepting and learning from criticism; self-reflection has a key component to using feedback; and feedback provides an opportunity for improvement.

The article presents a case study of a 42-year-old man, began FOLFOX chemotherapy treatment for stage III colon cancer and achieved a complete response. Topics include the incidence of an acneiform rash has as high as 90%, making the common adverse event related to the EGFRi drug class; and the strength of a recommendation falls to two categories strong and conditional.

The article discusses staff in an oncology infusion unit located in an urban healthcare system watched as patient and caregiver stress increased for the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic and the November 2020, U.S. presidential elections. Topics include using three-dimensional images and computer generated effects, engages participants in visual, auditory, and action sensations for a specialized viewer; and cancer center volunteers sanitized and fit the headsets for patients who wanted to use VR.

The article presents a case of a 32-year-old female who underwent treatment for stage III triple-negative breast cancer and complained about worsening headaches and difficulty concentrating at work during a follow-up appointment. She is also facing a dilemma on whether to pursue her wedding plans and has cancelled her gym membership. The oncology nurse referred her to an oncology specialized social worker and a sexual health and reproductive clinic to help her.

The article focuses on the new normal is being used to label the changes the world's population is facing as a result of the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic. It mentions that people with increased media exposure to the event rated their risk greater than people who had limited media exposure. It also mentions that how the pandemic has changed the way of work and socialize can help you minimize the increased stress and unease.

In this article the author talks about receiving treatment for ovarian cancer. It mentions that patients with advanced lung and colorectal cancer revealed that 69 percent of the patients with lung cancer and 81 percent of the patients with colorectal cancer did not understand that the treatment was not considered curative. It also mentions the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI) uses open-ended and rating questions to prompt conversations about what matters most to the patient.

In this article the author talks about the HPV which is the most prevalent with Americans affected by the infection by their late teens and early twenties (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2019).

In this article the author talks about the ability to effectively multitask which is a myth, computers can run two or more programs simultaneously, our brains must task-switch, and in the transfer of attention, time and productivity are lost. Monotasking, or single tasking, is now considered a way to increase productivity and maximize time.

The article reports on how to practice self-care during times of uncertainty including appraising and adjusting to uncertainty; prior experience with uncertainty; evaluating the danger and opportunity in the situation; coping with uncertainty; and adapting to the illness.

The article discusses a case study of a 70-year-old man receiving treatment at the cancer center for metastatic renal cell carcinoma. He was initially treated with sunitinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. He has been experiencing significant upper back pain and is having trouble with fine motor skills in his fingers. The oncologist, suspecting spinal cord compression (SCC), ordered a computed tomography scan, which confirmed metastatic lesions in the spine leading to instability and mild SCC.

The article discusses the Case of Cryotherapy. Topics include Janice is 32 years old and was diagnosed with triple negative breast cancer. She is receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy with doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide, followed by weekly paclitaxel. Janice is a nationally recognized performer and is distraught over the possibility of losing her hair or developing chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy and mouth sores.

The article offers tips to reduce clutter. Topics include that physical and mental clutter can negatively affect mood, productivity, and overall health; female participants identified clutter more frequently; and implementation of colors and art to inspire creativity along with inspiration that can help clear the way for a productive and meaningful environment.

The article presents a case study of a 54- year-old women who completed standard chemotherapy and radiation treatment for stage II, ER- and PR-positive, HER2-negative invasive breast cancer. The article discusses that she experiencing mild nausea with the ribociclib and asks if she can take ondansetron that she still has from when she was on chemotherapy, and doctor discuss an alternative antiemetic with her oncologist and to dispose of expired medications.

The article highlights a case of Jamie, who is completing her last cycle of carboplatin and paclitaxel for stage I ovarian cancer and feeling about completing treatment. It mentions the description of three seasons of survival acute, extended, and permanent and also highlights the emotional reactions that associated with transitional survival, such as fear and uncertainty about the future and guilt over being finished.

The article informs that oncology nurses need an understanding of the different types of oral anticancer medications (OAMs) such as cytotoxic therapy and targeted therapy, and how they affect cancer cells. It mentions that the use of Small molecule inhibitors (SMIs) in treating Dan's cancer, including the continual exposure of the cancer cells to the oral therapeutic agent.