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1. Three institutional pathways to envision the future of the IPCC

Author

Asayama, Shinichiro, De Pryck, Kari, Beck, Silke, Cointe, Béatrice, Edwards, Paul N., Guillemot, Hélène, Gustafsson, Karin M., Hartz, Friederike, Hughes, Hannah, Lahn, Bård, Leclerc, Olivier, Lidskog, Rolf, Livingston, Jasmine E., Lorenzoni, Irene, MacDonald, Joanna Petrasek, Mahony, Martin, Miguel, Jean Carlos Hochsprung, Monteiro, Marko, O’Reilly, Jessica, Pearce, Warren, Petersen, Arthur, Siebenhüner, Bernd, Skodvin, Tora, Standring, Adam, Sundqvist, Göran, Taddei, Renzo, van Bavel, Bianca, Vardy, Mark, Yamineva, Yulia, and Hulme, Mike

Published
2023
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5. The Project-ed Community

Author

Cointe, Béatrice, Weingart, Peter, Managing Editor, Felt, Ulrike, Editorial Board Member, Hagner, Michael, Editorial Board Member, Hilgartner, Stephen H., Editorial Board Member, Jasanoff, Sheila, Editorial Board Member, Maasen, Sabine, Editorial Board Member, Mendelsohn, Everett, Editorial Board Member, Rheinberger, Hans-Jörg, Editorial Board Member, Shinn, Terry, Editorial Board Member, Whitley, Richard D., Editorial Board Member, Wittrock, Björn, Editorial Board Member, Kastenhofer, Karen, editor, and Molyneux-Hodgson, Susan, editor

Published
2021
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9. Conclusion

Author

Cointe, Béatrice, Nadaï, Alain, Kuzemko, Caroline, Series Editor, Mitchell, Catherine, Series Editor, Goldthau, Andreas, Series Editor, Nadaï, Alain, Series Editor, Managi, Shunsuke, Series Editor, and Cointe, Béatrice

Published
2018
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12. Agencing Feed-in Tariffs in the European Union

Author

Cointe, Béatrice, Nadaï, Alain, Kuzemko, Caroline, Series Editor, Mitchell, Catherine, Series Editor, Goldthau, Andreas, Series Editor, Nadaï, Alain, Series Editor, Managi, Shunsuke, Series Editor, and Cointe, Béatrice

Published
2018
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20. Organising Policy-Relevant Knowledge for Climate Action: Integrated Assessment Modelling, the IPCC, and the Emergence of a Collective Expertise on Socioeconomic Emission Scenarios

Author

Cointe, Béatrice, Cassen, Christophe, and Nadaï, Alain

Subjects
Special Issue: Foreknowledge in Public Policy
Abstract

Greenhouse gas emission scenarios are key in analyses of human interference with the climate system. They are mainly produced by one category of computer models: Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs). We analyse how IAM research organised into a community around the production of socio-economic scenarios during the preparation of the IPCC AR5 (2005-2014). We seek to describe the co-emergence of a research community, its instruments, and its domain of applicability. We highlight the role of the IPCC process in the making of the IAM community, showing how IAMs worked their way to an influent position. We then survey three elements of the repertoire that served to organise collective work on scenarios in interaction with the IPCC and the European Union, and which now frames the community and its epistemic practices. This repertoire needs to articulate epistemic practices with the pursuit of policy relevance, which shows how epistemic communities and patterns of co-production materialise in practical arrangements.

Published
2019

22. La construction des trajectoires à 1,5°C de réchauffement et leur difficile traduction en objectifs climatiques

Author

Cointe, Béatrice, Centre de Sociologie de l'Innovation i3 (CSI i3), MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Christel Cournil

Subjects
[SHS.HISPHILSO]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Philosophy and Sociology of Sciences, trajectoires, [SHS.DROIT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Law, climat, GIEC, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

National audience

Published
2021

23. Writing good economics: how 'texts on the move' perform the worlds and discipline of experimental economics

Author

Asdal, Kristin, Cointe, Béatrice, Centre de Sociologie de l'Innovation i3 (CSI i3), Mines Paris - PSL (École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut interdisciplinaire de l’innovation (I3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), TIK Centre For Technology, Innovation and Culture (https://www.sv.uio.no/tik/english/), University of Oslo (UiO), H2020 - ERC, EASST/4S, European Project: 637760,H2020,ERC-2014-STG,LITTLE TOOLS(2015), MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)

Subjects
[SHS.HISPHILSO]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Philosophy and Sociology of Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

International audience

Published
2020

25. Carbon Democracy: Political power in the age of oil (Timothy Mitchell, 2011)

Author

Cointe, Béatrice, University of Oslo (UiO), and Cointe, Béatrice

Subjects
coal, politic, pétrôle, capitalisme, public policy, [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, capitalism, oil, politique publique, charbon, politique, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

International audience; Carbon Democracy is an inquiry into the relations between fossil fuels and political power. Timothy Mitchell analyses energy systems as political machineries that need to be considered in histories of democracy. To do so, he follows the connections and conversion that were engineered to extract, produce and distribute coal and oil, drawing together materialities, politics, and ideas.

Published
2018

26. The Project-ed Community

Author

Cointe, Béatrice, Laboratoire méditerranéen de sociologie (LAMES), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

International audience

Published
2020

27. Political FITs: Solar photovoltaic policy in France, 2002-2012

Author

Cointe, Béatrice, centre international de recherche sur l'environnement et le développement (CIRED), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Laboratoire méditerranéen de sociologie (LAMES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Cointe, Béatrice

Subjects
[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, [SHS.SCIPO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS.SCIPO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017

28. Day-to-day excellence: Interdisciplinary collaborations, promising applications, and basic research within a regional project on microbial bioenergy

Author

Cointe, Béatrice, Cointe, Béatrice, Laboratoire méditerranéen de sociologie (LAMES), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)

Subjects
[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017

29. Science, technology and innovation policy and expectations in practice: insights from the sociological study of an interdisciplinary project on microbial bioenergy

Author

Cointe, Béatrice, Laboratoire méditerranéen de sociologie (LAMES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Cointe, Béatrice

Subjects
[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2016

30. Interdisciplinary collaborations, promising applications, and basic research within a large regional project on microbial bioenergy: First insights from empirical research

Author

Cointe, Béatrice, Laboratoire méditerranéen de sociologie (LAMES), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), and Cointe, Béatrice

Subjects
[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2016

31. Hydrogen futures on the lab bench: a sociological investigation of an interdisciplinary research project on biohydrogen

Author

Cointe, Béatrice, Laboratoire méditerranéen de sociologie (LAMES), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), and Cointe, Béatrice

Subjects
[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2016

32. Feed-in tariffs in the European Union - Renewable energy policy, the internal electricity market and economic expertise

Author

Cointe, Béatrice, Nadaï, Alain, centre international de recherche sur l'environnement et le développement (CIRED), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), University of Oslo (UiO), This work benefitted from financial support from the DIM R2DS Ile-de-France under Grant n°2010-13 and from the French National Research Agency (ANR) under Grant n°2011-SOIN-003-01 (COLLENER Project)., Centre International de Recherche sur l'Environnement et le Développement (CIRED), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech

Subjects
[SHS.HISPHILSO]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Philosophy and Sociology of Sciences, liberalisation, [SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, performativity, harmonisation, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, agencement, European Union, Feed-in tariffs, [SHS.SCIPO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science
Abstract

International audience; This book retraces the history of feed-in tariffs in relations with the European Union renewable energy policy from a sociological perspective. Feed-in tariffs are one of the most widespread instruments for promotion renewable electricity. By following their trajectory since their emergence in the late 1970s, the book explores evolving conceptions of renewable energy policy in the European Union at the intersection between environmental objectives, technological change and the ambition to liberalise the internal electricity market. The book is structured according to a chronology punctuated by key EU directives relevant to renewable energy policy. From this account, conclusions are drawn on the relationships between markets and policy-making as it is instituted in the European Union, as well as on the interplay between the implementation of a European vision on energy and national politics.

Published
2018

33. FITs in the European electricity market: the European Union, renewable energy policies, and economic expertise, 1980-2015

Author

Cointe, Béatrice, centre international de recherche sur l'environnement et le développement (CIRED), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), and University of Oslo (UiO)

Subjects
[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS.SCIPO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017

34. L'Hydrogène dans la recherche : Sociologie d'un projet interdisciplinaire sur les voies biologiques de production d'hydrogène

Author

Cointe, Béatrice, Laboratoire méditerranéen de sociologie (LAMES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Cointe, Béatrice

Subjects
[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

International audience

Published
2016

35. Feed-in tariffs as « transition » instruments? The case of photovoltaics

Author

Cointe, Béatrice, centre international de recherche sur l'environnement et le développement (CIRED), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), ANR-11-SOIN-0003,COLLENER,Collectifs socio-techniques et transition énergétique(2011), Laboratoire méditerranéen de sociologie (LAMES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Cointe, Béatrice, Centre International de Recherche sur l'Environnement et le Développement (CIRED), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
tarif d'achat, economic, [SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, incentives, public policy instruments, instrumentation des politiques publiques, incitations économiques, [SHS.SCIPO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science, agencements socio, photovoltaics, photovoltaïque, [SHS.ENVIR] Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, socio-technical agencements, [SHS.SCIPO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, feed-in tariffs
Abstract

International audience; A partir du cas des tarifs d'achat pour le photovoltaïque, cette communication interroge l'accompagnement politique de la transition énergétique, c'est-à-dire les instruments de politique publique mis en place avec l'objectif de transformer le système énergétique et ses marchés. De par leur finalité, ces instruments sont orientés vers le déclenchement et/ou l'accélération du changement et de l'innovation ; en ce sens, on peut s'attendre à ce qu'ils génèrent de l'imprévu. Cette caractéristique reste peu explorée, notamment dans ses effets concrets et dans les tensions qu'elle peut générer. Or, du fait de la multiplicité de leurs effets, les tarifs d'achats pour l'électricité d'origine renouvelable, et en particulier pour le photovoltaïque, ont généré de nouveaux problèmes politiques et appelé des stratégies de régulations itératives parfois difficiles à mettre en place. L'analyse sociologique peut contribuer à la compréhension de ces instruments en action en analysant les changements concrets qu'ils provoquent. Pour cela, il lui faut s'appuyer sur des outils conceptuels aptes à rendre compte des politiques de transitions énergétiques dans leur caractère dynamique et partiellement imprévisible. Sur la base d'une étude détaillée de l'évolution des tarifs d'achat photovoltaïques français entre 2002 et 2013, on les caractérise comme des instruments dynamiques, à l'interface entre politiques publiques et activités économiques. Elle les décrit comme des agencements à la fois marchands et politiques qui cadrent un domaine d'action pour provoquer du nouveau et sont donc « débordés à dessein ». On expliquera en quoi la notion d'agencement socio-technique permet de rendre compte de tels dynamiques, et on discutera ce qu'elle peut apporter plus largement à l'étude des politiques incitatives dans le domaine de l'énergie.

Published
2016

36. La recherche projetée : passer par les projets interdisciplinaires pour analyser la réorganisation des financements de la recherche publique

Author

Cointe, Béatrice, Fournier, Pierre, Laboratoire méditerranéen de sociologie (LAMES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017

37. Organizing policy relevant Expertise on Climate Action: the Community of Integrating Assessment Modelling

Author

Cassen, C., Cointe, Béatrice, Nadaï, Alain, Centre International de Recherche sur l'Environnement et le Développement (CIRED), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire méditerranéen de sociologie (LAMES), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), centre international de recherche sur l'environnement et le développement (CIRED), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)

Subjects
[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017

38. Integrating Assessment Modelling: A community in-the-making

Author

Cassen, Christophe, Cointe, Béatrice, Nadaï, Alain, centre international de recherche sur l'environnement et le développement (CIRED), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Laboratoire méditerranéen de sociologie (LAMES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), CNRS INSIS Défi Energie projet Sociomod (2015), CNRS programme CAUSE - projet PROSPER, ANDRA, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
modelling, [SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, ipcc, integrated assessment, community, epistemic culture, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

International audience; One year after COP21 in Paris that reached to a global agreement on climate action, it is timely to come back to the scientific expertise that is part of the debates about climate change. The almost symbiotic relationship between scientific expertise and political discussions in this field is well‐documented (e.g. Shackley and Wynne, 1996; Agrawala, 1999; Miller, 2004; Edwards, 2010). This scientific expertise is not limited to climate science, but it is rarely considered in all its diversity, with physical and natural science drawing most of the attention. While the history and the role of climate scenarios/models and the development of expertise on climate change have been extensively analysed (e.g. Edwards, 1996, 2010; Guillemot, 2007; van der Sluijs et al., 1998), the development of socio‐ and techno-economic assessments in this fieldhas not received the same attention. However, these seem to play a crucial role in the elaboration of climate policy, insofar as they contribute to the understanding of the interactions between climate and societies. The rise of climate change on the public agenda since the late 1980s has prompted the need for quantitative assessments of the costs and impacts of mitigation strategies, in particular in view of the IPCC reports. To meet this demand, an increasing number of scenarios have been produced by Energy‐Economy‐Environment (E3) models. These gather different types of models – including the Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs) – which help to reduce the complexity and heterogeneity of relevant processes, inform and to an extent frame international climate negotiations, by producing a large array of numerical projections and scenarios.This paper focuses on Integrated Assessment models (IAMs). It follows the co-evolution of the IAMs institutions and research community, and of their agenda of modelling efforts. We do so by focusing on the preparation of the 5th Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Assessment Report (AR5). IAMs are stylized numerical approaches which aim at representing complex socio-physical interactions among energy, agriculture, the economic system … as systems. Based on a set of input assumptions, they produce quantified scenarios (e.g. energy system transitions, land use transitions, economic effects of mitigation, emissions trajectories …) that helps us exploring potential climate policy strategies. They are a heterogeneous category that has gradually emerged from a set of distinct intellectual traditions (Weyant et al., 1996; Crassous, 2009). IAMs can thus be built on rather different assumptions: they can follow distinct logics and represent the same processes with different levels of details. IAMs and the scenarios they produce have grown central to the work of IPCC and seem to play an increasingly important part in climate negotiations and policies. Their influence has become particularly striking in the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report through the work and contribution of “Working Group III” – entitled ‘mitigation of climate change’. During the process of preparing the AR5, Working Group III was chaired by one of the main actors of the current IAM research community. IAMs outcome and perspective were used as a guiding and structuring principle. IAM scenarios were expected to serve as bridging devices between the three IPCC working groups (which involve different scientific disciplines), albeit interviews suggest that the extent to which they succeeded in this respect remains unclear. IAMs influence has built up conjointly with the structuring of IAM research as a distinct field of expertise and that of IAMs researchers network through a series of European Projects and regular meetings. All of this contributed to the consolidation of IAM as a category of models with common – or at least comparable – characteristics. How did ‘IAM’ emerge as a relatively unified – though diverse – category and research field? How and where did the IAM community organise as such, and what is it made of? How have integrated assessment modellers organised the heterogeneity of their models so as to establish them as credible and reliable sources of policy-relevant expertise? How do they manage uncertainties, considering both the scope and complexity of the systems they study, and the many conceptual repertoires they draw from (physics, economics, systems dynamics, environmental sciences…)?In order to answer such questions, we conducted a first series of interviews with modellers and key players in the IAMs community. These were undertaken on different occasions such as: the conference Our Common Future Under Climate Change (OCFCC) (Paris, July 2015), the venue to France of the head of the Energy Modelling Forum (October 2016), two visits to major research institutes in this field (PIK and PBL/University of Utrecht). These interviews have been completed by observations during two conference sessions focused on IAMs: a side event entitled « New frontiers of integrated assessment of climate change and policies » during the OCFCC Conference, and the 8th meeting of the Integrated Assessment Modelling Consortium (IAMC) (Postdam, November 2015). Attending and observing these sessions gave us an overview of the debates among modellers, the diversity of their approaches, the key challenges that are discussed in the community, the potential tensions within the community, and the way in which this research field is structuring itself. Last, we analysed the main inter-comparison modelling programs that were developed between the publications of the 4th and 5th IPCC reports and the material that was produced on these occasions (reports, articles…). In gathering and studying this empirical material, we tried to combine two approaches: a sociological perspective on the communities, networks, practices and discourses relevant to IAMs, and an historical perspective on the emergence and evolution of IAM research in terms of content, objectives and communities.In our contribution, we will emphasize the role of the research programs that have been conducted in specific forums – such as: the Energy Modeling Forum coordinated by Stanford University, the EU FP7 projects…- looking at the way in which they contributed in setting the agenda of the modelling research community and in steering the production of scenarios. We will also analyse the mutual relationship between these program, their outcomes and the contribution of WG III to the IPCC process and outcome, in particular within the 5th Assessment report. Model inter-comparison is a crucial part of these programs which have multiplied since the early 2000’s. It consists in comparing the outputs of a range of models under similar hypotheses, usually focusing on one specific modelling and/or policy issue (e.g. technological innovation, land-use changes, etc.). Though it draws from similar practices in climate change research, the reliance on model inter-comparisons appears as a defining feature of IAM research, and it has played a role in the cohesion of IAM as a category of expertise relevant to climate policy.For instance, since the 4th IPCC report published in 2007, the feasibility of low carbon trajectories consistent with the 2°C target that was institutionalized in 2009 at the Copenhagen conference has been a key question. It was the subject of the main modelling exercises conducted by the Energy Modeling Forum (EMF) headed by Stanford University and European research programs, mostly funded by the Commission. From 1991 onwards, the EMF organized a series of workshops dedicated to climate issues. In view of the IPCC 5th Assessment Report, EM 22, 24, 27 and 28 provided a global inter-comparison modeling exercise around the 2°C objective target, at different scales (world, US and EU level). Each of these sessions gathered researchers with an expertise of the question under consideration and followed the same protocol: a first stage was dedicated to the elaboration of a set of common scenarios based on harmonized assumptions that were then assessed by models. Since 2007, another large part of the scenarios produced for the IPCC 5th Assessment Report has come from similar inter-comparison modeling projects funded by the 7th European Framework Program. This highlights EU’s growing political and scientific interest in climate policies over this period. The main findings of these research programs were synthetized in consolidated reports. They were published in international peer‐reviewed journals in the energy and climate fields. The results from these projects represent a significant part of the scenario database included in the IPCC 5th Assessment Report , which included over 1000 scenarios. The Integrated Assessment Modeling Consortium (IAMC), another and newer forum for discussing IAM research, also is a key arena for comparing IAMs and organizing priorities for future research. It was created in 2007 and was instrumental in the preparation of the contribution of Working Group III to the IPCC 5th Assessment Report. Besides providing resources and a setting for regular meetings of IAM researchers, IAMC puts a lot of efforts into the mapping and systematization of IAM models and scenarios, thereby contributing to their unification as a category of models.Last but not least, we will also investigate how, by fostering common problem definitions and methodological approaches within the research programs or the creation of the IAMC, these inter-comparison modeling have contributed to delineate an IAM community. Our paper will wonder to what extent the IAM community can be described as an epistemic community (Haas, 1992) which participates, through the production of socio-economic scenarios, to the framing of the assessment of climate policies in IPCC Working Group III. It will also reflect on current evolutions, in particular those related to the Paris agreement on climate change and to the emergence of potential competing approaches and forums focused on national assessment and practical solutions in its wake (e.g Deep Decarbonization Pathway Project). In doing so, it will shed light on the epistemic, institutional and social dynamics involved in the production, framing and diffusion of a very specific type of expertise about the future.

Published
2016

39. Interrogating the transformative power of renewable energy support instruments: the example of feed-in tariffs for photovoltaics

Author

Cointe, Béatrice, centre international de recherche sur l'environnement et le développement (CIRED), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Laboratoire méditerranéen de sociologie (LAMES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), ANR-11-SOIN-0003,COLLENER,Collectifs socio-techniques et transition énergétique(2011), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cointe, Béatrice, and Sociétés innovantes : innovation, économie, modes de vie - Collectifs socio-techniques et transition énergétique - - COLLENER2011 - ANR-11-SOIN-0003 - INOV - VALID

Subjects
[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SHS.SCIPO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SHS.SCIPO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science
Abstract

International audience; Renewable energy policy in Europe largely relies on market-based instruments aimed at inducing change in socio-technical systems. In the case of photovoltaics (PV), these have indirectly contributed to dramatic cost reductions and driven an exponential increase in installed capacities. Installed PV capacity in Europe has increased by 373 times between 2000 and 2012 (Jäger-Waldau, 2013).Feed-in tariffs (FITs) have been a central instrument in these evolutions. They have transformed makets and technologies but also society and politics. Looking at the effects of FITs « in action » sheds light on the implications and challenges of achieving political objectives through the creation and engineering of markets.

Published
2015

40. Un instrument 'débordé à dessein' : une relecture de la dynamique des tarifs d'achat pour l'électricité photovoltaïque

Author

Cointe, Béatrice, centre international de recherche sur l'environnement et le développement (CIRED), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Laboratoire méditerranéen de sociologie (LAMES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), ANR-11-SOIN-0003,COLLENER,Collectifs socio-techniques et transition énergétique(2011), Cointe, Béatrice, Sociétés innovantes : innovation, économie, modes de vie - Collectifs socio-techniques et transition énergétique - - COLLENER2011 - ANR-11-SOIN-0003 - INOV - VALID, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SHS.SCIPO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS.SCIPO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science
Abstract

International audience

Published
2015

41. Le soleil et l'Etat comme garants : les Fermes de Figeac et la mutualisation des actifs solaires

Author

Cointe, Béatrice, centre international de recherche sur l'environnement et le développement (CIRED), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Laboratoire méditerranéen de sociologie (LAMES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), ANR-11-SOIN-0003,COLLENER,Collectifs socio-techniques et transition énergétique(2011), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cointe, Béatrice, and Sociétés innovantes : innovation, économie, modes de vie - Collectifs socio-techniques et transition énergétique - - COLLENER2011 - ANR-11-SOIN-0003 - INOV - VALID

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society
Abstract

International audience; Entre 2008 et 2012, la coopérative des Fermes de Figeac a installé un parc photovoltaïque mutualisé dispersé sur une centaine de toitures. Ce projet visait à capter l'opportunité des tarifs d'achat lorsqu'ils étaient à leur plus haut niveau, mais également à la mutualiser et à la territorialiser. Pour analyser la constitution d'une capacité entrepreneuriale et financière adaptée au tarif mais capable de le transformer, cet article se penche sur l'articulation entre investissement, mutualisation et territoire telle qu'articulée et mise en oeuvre dans le business model du projet.

Published
2015

42. Mutualising sunshine: Economic entanglements in the Fermes de Figeac's photovoltaic project

Author

Cointe, Béatrice, centre international de recherche sur l'environnement et le développement (CIRED), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Laboratoire méditerranéen de sociologie (LAMES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Climencored : Politique CLIMat-Énergie et COmmunautés et Reseaux Energétiques Durables, ANR-11-SOIN-0003,COLLENER,Collectifs socio-techniques et transition énergétique(2011), Cointe, Béatrice, Sociétés innovantes : innovation, économie, modes de vie - Collectifs socio-techniques et transition énergétique - - COLLENER2011 - ANR-11-SOIN-0003 - INOV - VALID, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2015

43. Mutualising sunshine: economic and territorial entanglements in a local photovoltaic project.

Author

Cointe, Béatrice

Subjects
*COOPERATIVE agriculture, *ENERGY development, *SUNSHINE
Abstract

Focusing on a successful local photovoltaic project in France, this paper retraces the emergence and constitution of a territorial capacity to take part in the development of renewable energy as driven by a private actor (an agricultural cooperative) that relied on the combination of policy support, of a tradition of mutualisation, and of its territorial implantation. A relational perspective on innovation and entrepreneurship is adopted to describe the various entanglements that hold this project together. The development of a local renewable energy project and its community is seen as a collective endeavour that requires to establish and consolidate relationships between people and things; relationships are negotiated, tested and shaped through series of trials. I pay particular attention to the material and cognitive devices that are used to articulate the market policy framework and the territory (understood as a geographical, patrimonial and social entity), particularly by organising mutualisation. This enables me to explore how supporting policies and the territory are mobilised and enacted in the course of the project, and the extent to which both are transformed in the process. Supporting policies are turned into a tool for territorial innovation and development, while the tradition of territorial mutualisation that is constitutive of the cooperative that promoted the project becomes a way to provide access to a market and to maximise and redistribute associated profits. This highlights the entanglements through which a specific conception of equity is enacted in a project, and redistributive concerns are incorporated into an economics-centred policy device. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
Full Text
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45. From a promise to a problem: Making photovoltaic markets happen

Author

Cointe, Béatrice, centre international de recherche sur l'environnement et le développement (CIRED), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Laboratoire méditerranéen de sociologie (LAMES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), ANR-11-SOIN-0003,COLLENER,Collectifs socio-techniques et transition énergétique(2011), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cointe, Béatrice, and Sociétés innovantes : innovation, économie, modes de vie - Collectifs socio-techniques et transition énergétique - - COLLENER2011 - ANR-11-SOIN-0003 - INOV - VALID

Subjects
[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SHS.SCIPO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS.SCIPO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science
Abstract

International audience

Published
2013

46. Mutualising sunshine: an experiment in the making of a photovoltaic collective

Author

Cointe, Béatrice, centre international de recherche sur l'environnement et le développement (CIRED), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Laboratoire méditerranéen de sociologie (LAMES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), ANR-11-SOIN-0003,COLLENER,Collectifs socio-techniques et transition énergétique(2011), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cointe, Béatrice, and Sociétés innovantes : innovation, économie, modes de vie - Collectifs socio-techniques et transition énergétique - - COLLENER2011 - ANR-11-SOIN-0003 - INOV - VALID

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], [SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SPI] Engineering Sciences [physics], [SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

International audience

Published
2013

47. Political territories in climate-energy transition, transition in climate-energy policy

Author

Nadai, Alain, Debourdeau, Ariane, Labussiere, Olivier, Yannick, Régnier, Cointe, Béatrice, Laure, Dobigny, centre international de recherche sur l'environnement et le développement (CIRED), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Pacte, Laboratoire de sciences sociales (PACTE), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Sciences Po Grenoble - Institut d'études politiques de Grenoble (IEPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Réseau pour la transition énergétique, Centre d'étude des techniques, des connaissances et des pratiques (CETCOPRA), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), ADEME, Programme: ‘Mettre l’innovation sur la trajectoire du facteur 4’, Convention 11 10 C 0079, Bettina Laville, Stéphanie Thiébault, Agathe Euzen, Sciences Po Grenoble - Institut d'études politiques de Grenoble (IEPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), This work was carried out with the financial support of the French Agency for the Environment and the Energy (ADEME) (Programme: ‘Mettre l’innovation sur la trajectoire du facteur 4’, Convention 11 10 C 0079), and Projet Climencored

Subjects
[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, transition, terriotry - climate - energy - transition - France, énergie, territoires
Abstract

International audience; Cet article présente les résultats d’un projet de recherche (Climencored) conduit de 2011 à 2015 par quatre laboratoires de recherche en collaboration avec l’association CLER-Réseau pour la Transition Energétique. Ce projet s’est attaché à recenser les expériences locales innovantes dans le domaine climat-énergie en France en 2012 et à analyser les processus socio-historiques d’émergence de quelques-unes d’entre elles. Le terme innovant renvoie ici à des expériences ayant concrétisé des visions de futurs énergétiques locaux soutenables au travers d’une évolution du bouquet énergétique local (réduction de consommations d’énergies ; capacités de production installées telles que solaire photovoltaïque, éolienne, biomasse énergie ; développement de réseau de chaleur …) ou du développement de modèles inédits d’économie, de production ou de fourniture d’énergie (collectifs d’artisans proposant une offre globale de rénovation énergétique, financement citoyen ou coopératif de capacités de production, coopérative locale de fourniture d’énergie …). Il résulte de ce travail un certain nombre de résultats concernant tout autant des enjeux de méthode que de contenu des expériences innovantes. Ils font mieux comprendre ce qui permet à des territoires d’émerger comme innovants et ouvrent sur des recommandations orientées « solution ».

Published
2015

48. Les territoires face à la transition énergétique, les politiques face à la transition par les territoires ?

Author

Nadaï, Alain, Debourdeau, Ariane, Labussiere, Olivier, Yannick, Régnier, Cointe, Béatrice, Laure, Dobigny, centre international de recherche sur l'environnement et le développement (CIRED), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Pacte, Laboratoire de sciences sociales (PACTE), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Sciences Po Grenoble - Institut d'études politiques de Grenoble (IEPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Réseau pour la transition énergétique, Centre d'étude des techniques, des connaissances et des pratiques (CETCOPRA), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), This work was carried out with the financial support of the French Agency for the Environment and the Energy (ADEME) (Programme: ‘Mettre l’innovation sur la trajectoire du facteur 4’, Convention 11 10 C 0079) and of the French National Research Agency (ANR, programme sociétés innovantes, convention 2011- SOIN-003-01, projet COLLENER)., Bettina Laville, Stéphanie Thiébault, and Agathe Euzen

Subjects
[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, climat énergie, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, initiatives locales, [SHS.ANTHRO-SE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnology, france
Abstract

International audience; Cette contribution présente un point sur les initiatives climat énergie en France au niveau local en 2012 et leur facteurs d'émergence.

Published
2015

50. The Bank and the Truck Driver

Author

Cointe, Béatrice, centre international de recherche sur l'environnement et le développement (CIRED), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Laboratoire méditerranéen de sociologie (LAMES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Cointe, Béatrice, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SHS.SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

International audience

Published
2013

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