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The growing distrust of citizens towards political parties being the main actors of institutionalised politics, expressed through anti-establishment emotions, triggers an adaptive supply-side response. European political scenes coexist with politicians using anti-elitist and people-centred rhetoric, political movements eschewing the party organisational format, and institutionalised parties seeking a new formula for their relationship with citizens. The use of populist tools by political newcomers and old-timers was analysed using examples from Poland. The main methods of the analysis include a critical analysis of the literature on the subject, content analysis of the statements presented by politicians in traditional and social media, individual in-depth interviews, and participant observation of political events. Adopting a demand-supply approach, three populist-based tactics were identified to gain, maintain, or regain electoral support, which make varying degrees of use of anti-elitism, people- or citizen-centred rhetoric, and anti-party resentment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

School leaders at all levels play an essential role in shaping school culture. In their daily work, principals communicate core values. Teachers instill values through their actions and words. Parents boost their spirits by visiting schools, participating in governance, and celebrating success. Communication with internal and external stakeholders is part of the school head's daily work. A day is incomplete unless there is communication between teaching and non-teaching personnel at the school. Thus, this study used the descriptive correlational design to determine if the school head's communication style mediates the effect of the utilization of online communication in building a positive organizational culture. The respondents were the 65 school heads and 349 teachers from the 7 districts in the Division of San Pablo City. The validated survey questionnaire was used to gather the data. The data were analyzed using frequency, mean, standard deviation, Pearson product-moment correlation, and multiple linear regression. The results revealed that the school heads and teachers perceived that the level of school heads' utilization of online communication, school head communication style in utilizing online communication, and building a positive organizational culture were highly manifested. The test of correlation between the school heads utilization of online communication in building a positive organizational culture is significant. The school heads’ utilization of online communication affects building a positive organizational culture. The school head's communication style mediates the school head's utilization of online communication in building a positive organizational culture in terms of being a supervisor, and manager. The study recommends that the school should always capacitate teachers using various online platforms as internet communication has been a part of the system ever since the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ObjectiveLittle is known about the differential impact of communication methods and BMI. Hence, this study aims to examine the association of in-person and online communication with BMI among 13–14-year-old students during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodThis is a cross-sectional study which used data from the Adachi Child Health Impact of Living Difficulty study among Junior High School students in Adachi City, Tokyo in 2022(N = 3,178). A questionnaire was used to assess communication methods and frequency. BMI was categorized into overweight and obesity (≥ + 1SD), normal weight (−1SD to

To leverage the complementary strengths of humans and artificial intelligence (AI) in online service encounters, firms have begun to use hybrid service agents: combinations of AI agents (e.g., chatbots) and human agents (e.g., service employees) behind a single interface. However, it is unclear whether firms should be transparent about behind-the-scenes employees working in tandem with an AI-based chatbot to serve customers. Against this backdrop, we investigated the impact of human involvement disclosure on customer interactions with hybrid service agents. Our findings suggest that disclosing human involvement before or during an interaction with the hybrid service agent leads customers to adopt a more human-oriented communication style. This effect is driven by impression management concerns that are activated when customers become aware of humans working in tandem with the chatbot. The more human-oriented communication style ultimately increases employee workload because fewer customer requests can be handled automatically by the chatbot and must be delegated to a human. These findings provide novel insights into how and why disclosing human involvement affects customer communication behavior, reveal its negative consequences for employees working in tandem with a chatbot, and highlight the potential costs and benefits of providing transparency in customer–hybrid service agent interactions. The proliferation of hybrid service agents—combinations of artificial intelligence (AI) and human employees behind a single interface—further blurs the line between humans and technology in online service encounters. While much of the current debate focuses on disclosing the nonhuman identity of AI-based technologies (e.g., chatbots), the question of whether to also disclose the involvement of human employees working behind the scenes has received little attention. We address this gap by examining how such a disclosure affects customer interactions with a hybrid service agent consisting of an AI-based chatbot and human employees. Results from a randomized field experiment and a controlled online experiment show that disclosing human involvement before or during an interaction with the hybrid service agent leads customers to adopt a more human-oriented communication style. This effect is driven by impression management concerns that are activated when customers become aware of humans working in tandem with the chatbot. The more human-oriented communication style ultimately increases employee workload because fewer customer requests can be handled automatically by the chatbot and must be delegated to a human. These findings provide novel insights into how and why disclosing human involvement affects customer communication behavior, shed light on its negative consequences for employees working in tandem with a chatbot, and help managers understand the potential costs and benefits of providing transparency in customer–hybrid service agent interactions. History: Karthik Kannan, Senior Editor; Jason Chan, Associate Editor. Supplemental Material: The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2022.0152. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research examines the effect of the answering style of ChatGPT on users' acceptance in a trip planning context, where ChatGPT recommends a list of destinations. Focusing on two style factors (information structure: destinations are listed vs. explained; communication style: opening and ending remarks are present vs. absent), we examined how travelers' acceptance of ChatGPT's recommendation varied with its answering style based on the "Computers are Social Actors" paradigm, via three experiments. While the relationship between communication style and travelers' acceptance was not significant, that between information structure and acceptance was significant, travelers were more willing to visit the destinations recommended by ChatGPT when they were explained than when listed. Also, this research identified a mediator (perceived informativeness) and a moderator (travelers' familiarity with the destinations) of the relationship. As one of the earliest empirical studies regarding travelers' usage of ChatGPT, this study serves as a reference for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Women's leadership continues to change in response to the development of various social changes that occur. This research aims to dig deeper into the communication style of women's leadership in a communication group context, focusing on women leaders in the Universitas Mercu Buana student organization for the 2022/2023 academic year. This research refers to Communication Theory by Sasa Djuarsa Sendjaja which states that leadership styles in groups are divided into five categories, authoritarian style, bureaucratic style, diplomatic style, democratic style, and laissez-faire or group-centered style. With a qualitative case study approach, researchers collect data through data collection and analysis such as in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. This research uses the constructivism paradigm. In this study, researchers interviewed 5 main key informants and 10 additional informants who are administrators of 5 student organizations active at Universitas Mercu Buana. This research applies Miles and Huberman’s qualitative data analysis technique, then source triangulation is used as a data validity checking technique. The results showed a comprehensive picture of how women leaders in student organizations use their communication styles to give orders, communicate, make decisions, motivate, supervise performance, and lead their group members. The findings show variations in women's leadership communication approaches, with some leaders highlighting assertive leadership, while most lean more towards an inclusive and democratic approach. The researcher can conclude that this study provides a deep insight into the role and contribution of women leaders in group communication, particularly in student organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Good leadership requires the ability to communicate with all elements related to being led so that all organizational goals can be achieved. The presence of women in various public sectors shows the suitability of women to take part and even hold policy-making positions. The presence of several female leaders in Indonesia who occupy leadership positions and the presence of the first female Deputy Regent of Wakatobi elected to lead the Wakatobi Regency area needs to be used as a bullet in the progress of opening up opportunities for women to move in the public space. The focus of this research objective is on what kind of communication style is applied to the female leadership of the Deputy Regent of Wakatobi when leading Wakatobi district in implementing public policy. The research uses a qualitative descriptive approach with a case study method. Data collection techniques were carried out using observation, indepth interviews and documentation. The 6 informants were selected using purposive sampling technique. The research results show that the communication style of women's leadership in implementing existing public policies is two-way communication; structured; open to receiving suggestions; fast handling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research has investigated emotional responses to perceived political incivility but not whether aspects of emotionality may be perceived as uncivil. When politicians display or evoke anger, they may increase democratic participation; however, because manifesting or evoking some negative emotions suggests disrespect—a central component of extant conceptualizations of political incivility—displaying anger and evoking fear and anger may be perceived as aspects of incivility. We test this using confirmatory factor analysis on a national sample of over 2,000 Americans. We find an overarching construct of perceived political incivility including not only three previously identified dimensions but also a fourth dimension reflecting negative emotions including fear and anger. Despite heterogeneity in perceived incivility, about 70% or more of respondents view behaviors including trolling and intentionally evoking anger and fear as mostly or very uncivil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several factors such as excessive usage of social media, quality of academic activities, family and social association, and a rapidly changing and challenging environment can negatively impact the academic performance of students. The present study aims to determine students' academic performance in higher education institutions in China, considering the role of communication styles, e-learning environment, student satisfaction, and a moderating effect of institutional support in predicting students' academic performance. Adopting a quantitative research design with sample random sampling technique, this study collected data through a validated questionnaire from a sample of 385 students from Chinese universities. Smart-PLS-4 was used for data analysis. The relationships between communication style and academic performance, e-learning and academic performance, and student satisfaction and academic performance were found to be significant. However, institutional support moderated the relationship between student satisfaction and academic performance, but no moderation effect was reported between communication style, e-learning, and academic performance. The implications of the study and future research avenues are given at the end of the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital information and communications technologies like social media are critical for trade union renewal. Yet, although many unions now use social media, there remain ongoing debates as to what effective digital activism looks like. This question is even more pressing for the Global Unions, as international labour movement organizations without grassroots members. Drawing on social movement and networked communication theories, this article interrogates Global Unions’ social media practices through a mixed‐method analysis of 19,009 Facebook posts created between 2017 and 2022. Based on this analysis, we find that Global Unions that adopt crowd‐focused communication styles and post on broader social issues have more success in engaging with online crowds than those that emphasize workplace or organizational issues and adopt top‐down communication styles. At the same time, our findings challenge assumptions in the literature that crowd‐led, connective communication styles associated with engagement are necessarily the most effective in today's digital society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to analyze parents' communication styles in forming a positive selfconcept in generation z teenagers in Polonia subdistrict, as well as analyzing what factors support the formation of positive self-concept in generation z teenagers and to find effective communication styles in forming a positive selfconcept in Generation Z teenagers. In this research, researchers used the Communication Style theory initiated by Norton in Liliweri (2011). This research uses a qualitative approach to analyze the finding data which is then developed into research results. Researchers use data collection techniques through interviews, observation and supported by documentation. Researchers used data analysis using the Miles Huberman and Saldana method which includes data condensation, data display, and then drawing conclusions. Researchers obtained data from the Polonia sub-district, where there were more parents working in government than private sector employees, 50 were civil servants and 25 were private workers. After experiencing data saturation, the researcher involved 5 informants. The research results that researchers found were that several parents with different professional backgrounds used communication styles, including dominant style, dramatic style, open style, friendly style, attentive style, expensive style, and controversial style as dominant communication styles that shape self-concept positive in Generation Z teenagers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the prevalence of online reviews, little research has examined the possible linkage between reviewers' communication styles and Hotel Star Class (HSC). Indeed, it is unclear whether review length and communication style change based on the type of hotel being reviewed (proxied by HSC classification). Applying two multivariate analyses of variance to a sample of TripAdvisor® reviews regarding nineteen hotels, this study revealed that less favourable reviews are significantly lengthier than favourable ones, but only for higher-ranked hotels. Furthermore, favourable (vs. less favourable) reviews predominantly reflect affective (vs. cognitive) processes, especially for higher-ranked hotels. The findings underline the importance of considering HSC classification when studying customer contentment in the hospitality industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The coronavirus (COVID‐19) pandemic resulted in economic concerns and disruptions in daily life for many families, which may amplify relational strains and create new tensions between romantic partners. Economic stressors may be particularly salient to later relationship quality in the context of more negative relationship functioning. This study investigated dyadic trajectories of relationship satisfaction in 116 different‐sex couples over a 6‐month period during the pandemic. We explored the impact of unstable work experiences on later relationship satisfaction, and if this effect was exacerbated by higher levels of negative communication. Men and women had different initial levels of relationship satisfaction, but indistinguishable rates of change in satisfaction. For men, reports of unstable work experiences early in the pandemic were positively associated with declines in relationship satisfaction, but this was not the case for women. The consequential impact of unstable work experiences did not differ based on levels of negative communication, nor was negative communication early in the pandemic related to either partner's change in satisfaction over time. We conclude by highlighting the importance of accounting for the context in which relationships develop. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the impact of women's leadership and communication style on employee engagement at PT Biofarma, a company in Indonesia. The study used a quantitative research method and collected data through an online questionnaire distributed to employees. The findings reveal that women's transformational leadership significantly influences employee engagement through communication styles. The research emphasizes the significance of developing effective women leaders to enhance employee engagement and potentially promote gender equality in organizational leadership. The study suggests that transformational leadership should include demonstrating professional moral standards, building trust, providing motivation and support, and expressing gratitude. Effective communication styles should involve opportunities for questions and opinions, participation in decision-making, active listening skills, and assistance in workplace communication. The research underscores the importance of transformative leadership and communication in improving employee engagement and company performance. [Extracted from the article]

Introduction: Communication in romantic relationships can be defined as the verbal or nonverbal communication of the partners' feelings and thoughts to each other. One factor affecting this interaction process is whether or not individuals in a romantic relationship have a schema. Schemas can be defined as the pattern thinking or point of view an individual has about him/herself, his/her environment and the outside world. These thoughts are often thoughts that are difficult to change. This study examined the effect of early maladaptive schemas on the communication styles of individuals who have been in a relationship for at least one year. Materials and Methods: Mixed design was used in this study in İzmir, Turkey. In the quantitative part of the study, the Young Schema Scale Short Form-3 was applied to 151 participants. In the qualitative part, interview questions were asked to 10 participants selected by purposive sampling technique. The data were analyzed through content analysis, t-test, and SPSS software. Results: It was found that participants who scored high and low in early maladaptive schema domains followed different strategies in terms of communication style, emotion sharing, opinion differences, and self-disclosure themes. Conclusion: Based on the findings, early maladaptive schemas have a negative impact on interpersonal communication among couples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Populism has captured the world's attention, especially during election campaigns where the starkness of populist messages comes into sharper focus. While most research focuses either on the content that actors communicate or their delivery of that content, I situate my research among the few studies that do both. I refer to this combination as a communication strategy. I evaluate two research questions: how is the populist communication strategy used and how do the communication strategies of populist and non-populist actors differ? To assess these questions, I collect original data during five national elections that occurred between 2018 and 2019: Mexico, Colombia, Brazil, Italy, and Spain (N = 1,577). I measure different elements of communication strategies, including both content and style, in the Tweets of national-level candidates. I find stark differences in communication styles in both what actors talk about and how they convey their messages. This finding suggests that how actors convey their ideas is critical to advancing our understanding of actors' overall communication strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents experimental research on communication skills and communication styles in preadolescents. The research sample included 100 preadolescents. The results of the study revealed that 24% of preadolescents have a low level of initiating social contacts, a large number of pre-adolescents are characterized by a low and medium level of developing of communication skills, as well as by deficient communication styles such as: dependent, aggressive, non-assertive and manipulative styles. The article describes the content and scientific basis of the psychological intervention program for the development of communication skills in preadolescents.

This study aims to identify and analyze the factors that influence the income of traders with the work ethic as a moderating variable, a case study on religious tourism on the island of Java. Traders in the area of the Great Mosque of Demak were given questionnaires as part of the data collection process, the tomb of Sunan Kalijaga and the tomb of Raden Santri. The samples in this study were 40 respondents with a purposive sampling technique. The data were processed using the SPSS analysis tool version 16. The results showed that first, communication style, skills, length of business and business location, each partially, had no significant positive effect on trader income. Second, The income of traders is affected positively and significantly to some extent by business ethics.. Third, the work ethic variable is incapable to moderate the effect of communication style, skill, business length and business location partially on traders’ income. Fourth, the work ethic variable is able to moderate or strengthen the effect of Islamic business ethics on traders’ income.

This study explores the discourses and communication practices of five leaders working in elderly care units in a mid-size city in Sweden and the construct of inclusion and exclusion by examining their daily communicative leadership practices with their work groups, consisting of Swedish-born and foreigner-born migrants. The results were drawn from an analysis of interviews with five leaders and the observation of eight meetings led by three of them. The findings indicate that leaders' different strategies of inclusion are related to the engagement and participation of workers in discussions and decision-making. Some salient practices and discourses are pertinent to leaders' cultural biases that can lead to ethnocentrism and essentialism, which might have a negative impact on inclusion. Leaders who practice inclusiveness through connecting, relating, and giving space for engagement and participation might better contribute to workplaces. The aspects and strategies of inclusion and exclusion are embedded in leaders' practices and discourses and present them as bridge builders, empathetic and supportive, and culture enhancers. This study presents leaders' communication styles to include and exclude migrant workers and their strategies for engagement and participation in workplace issues. The leaders' communication styles emerged from the data and were defined as bridge builders, empathetic and supportive, and culture enhancers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Populist language permeates political debate. While much has been said on the shape and colours of populism, less is known on its strategic use. This article offers a diachronic overview (1948–2020) of Italian deputies' strategic use of populist language, by applying a novel dictionary to a new dataset on Italian parliamentary debates. Our analysis shows that populism has no single political colour, as left- and right-wing parties use it to a similar extent. Differently, populist claim-making is used more by parties with demarcationist ideological positions, as it is likely to reinforce the persuasiveness of their in-group/out-group thinking. Finally, it is used less by ruling parties, as their governing status asks them to adopt a more inclusive style of communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The leader is an authority figure in which case every gesture pattern and behavior can have an impact on the conditions and responses of subordinates and employees. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact and influence of the communication style and work motivation that the Principal of State Senior High School 57 Jakarta applies and has on the performance of the State Civil Apparatus (ASN) there. The method used in this research is a qualitative research method with the type of case study, the use of case studies because researchers can understand in depth the context, process, and complexity of the phenomenon being studied. The data collection techniques used are interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of the research found in the field show that the communication that exists between the Principal and all Teachers at SMAN 57 Jakarta is an effective communication style. Effective communication style allows the Principal to convey vision and goals, provide support to Teachers, promote collaboration, build trust, and solve problems together. In addition, based on the research conducted, it can be concluded that effective communication style is a manifestation of one of Horald-Lasswell's communication theories.

Background: Investigating and enhancing the effectiveness of behaviour change interventions requires detailed and consistent specification of all aspects of interventions. We need to understand not only their content, that is the specific techniques, but also the source, mode, schedule, and style in which this content is delivered. Delivery style refers to the manner by which content is communicated to intervention participants. This paper reports the development of an ontology for specifying the style of delivery of interventions that depend on communication. This forms part of the Behaviour Change Intervention Ontology, which aims to cover all aspects of behaviour change intervention scenarios. Methods: The Style of Delivery Ontology was developed following methods for ontology development used in the Human Behaviour-Change Project, with seven key steps: 1) defining the scope of the ontology, 2) identifying key entities and developing their preliminary definitions by reviewing 100 behaviour change intervention evaluation reports and existing classification systems, 3) refining the ontology by piloting the ontology through annotations of 100 reports, 4) stakeholder review by eight behavioural science and public health experts, 5) inter-rater reliability testing through annotating 100 reports using the ontology, 6) specifying ontological relationships between entities, and 7) disseminating and maintaining the ontology. Results: The resulting ontology is a five-level hierarchical structure comprising 145 unique entities relevant to style of delivery. Key areas include communication processes, communication styles, and attributes of objects used in communication processes. Inter-rater reliability for annotating intervention evaluation reports was α=0.77 (good) for those familiar with the ontology and α=0.62 (acceptable) for those unfamiliar with it. Conclusions: The Style of Delivery Ontology can be used for both annotating and describing behaviour change interventions in a consistent and coherent manner, thereby improving evidence comparison, synthesis, replication, and implementation of effective interventions.

Words have healing potential, but also the potential to inhibit others' behaviors, and sports managers, through their communication and leadership style can contribute to the creation of an organizational climate which facilitates employees' personal and professional development. The purpose of the study was to investigate the communication style and the leadership style preferred by managers working in sport and by future sports managers. Forty-two sports managers (current and future specialists) participated in the research. Communication style was assessed using the Self-Awareness Questionnaire for the Four Ways of Reacting (flight, attack/aggression, manipulation and assertiveness), adapted by Roco (2004), while the LPC (Least preferred co-worker) questionnaire developed by Fiedler was used to diagnose task-oriented (authoritarian) and relationship-oriented (democratic) leadership style. After applying the Mann-Whitney (U) test no significant differences between the two groups of sports managers (current and experienced managers, and future sports managers) were observed, in terms of communication styles. However, with respect to the leadership style, current sports managers reported a higher score in the case of the relationship-oriented leadership style, compared to future specialists. Experienced managers reported that they pay more attention to support and motivate employees, showing a reduced social distance from the subordinates. In the case of future sports managers, the results underline a leadership style that is relatively equally task- and relationship-oriented. Also, using the Pearson correlation, no significant associations were found between the four communication styles and the results for the leadership style, in the case of both investigated groups. Implications of the results were discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The importance of communication skills for well-being and self-realization is widely accepted. Despite that, research on assertiveness and assertiveness training has declined significantly in recent decades. Consequently, traditional training does not consider the most recent novel technologies used to spread psychological interventions. This study proposes the development of ComunicaBene: a guided Internet-based imagery intervention to promote assertiveness. Moreover, it describes the study protocol for a randomized control trial to investigate the intervention's efficacy and acceptability. Participants will be randomly assigned to an experimental (ComunicaBene) or waitlist control condition. ComunicaBene consists of different online training modules corresponding to three phases: psychoeducation, imaginative exposure, and in vivo-exposure. Each module provides participants with theoretical and practical content about needs, emotions, communication style, and assertiveness. Moreover, during the program, every student is supervised by a Tutor. Participants in the control condition will be included in a waiting list. Primary and secondary outcomes will include changes in assertiveness, well-being, emotional awareness, worry, and rumination. Outcomes will be assessed at pre- and post-intervention, and via a 6-month follow-up. We expect that the results will support the efficacy of ComunicaBene as an innovative, scalable, affordable, and acceptable intervention to spread assertive training through the Internet and among a broad population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conversational agents are increasingly used to substitute or augment human service employees. Due to their ability to use human‐like communicative behaviors, these agents are theorized to establish social connections with customers. However, the existing literature is ambiguous on how conversational agents should verbally communicate with customers and whether they should be adaptive to customers' verbal behavior. The current study aims to address these gaps, by focusing on the effects of the conversational agent's communication style on the perceived social connection. Two experiments were conducted in which a virtual agent in a hedonic service (Experiment 1) or a utilitarian service (Experiment 2) was manipulated to adapt either a static task‐ or a social‐oriented communication style or mimic the communication style used by the customer in the previous turn. Guided by marketing and human–computer interaction literature, measures for engagement and rapport were used to reveal customers' perceived social connection. Results show that for the hedonic service, rapport was significantly affected by the presence of social cues in the agent's communication style (whether statically or mimicked), while engagement was significantly affected by mimicry. For the utilitarian service, only social cues significantly affected rapport. These findings enrich the Computers As Social Actors paradigm and provide clear guidelines for practitioners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There has been limited evidence regarding how disaster message features and source of social media communication independently and jointly affect users' engagement behaviors. We conducted a content analysis of tweets collected from the Ariana Grande concert terrorist attack. Results from negative binomial regressions (N = 687) showed that the social support function of tweets affected reactive engagement, a higher level of content richness increased engagement, and source type moderated the effects of communication styles on engagement during the terrorist attack. For example, traditional media (vs. individuals) adopting an informal tone had a higher level of reactive and proactive engagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses management methods in the library sector, brief characteristics, the main directions of management and development of library work, and modern trends at the Spitak City Library. The article presents the innovative leader program implementation, leadership skills, communication styles, professionalism, knowledge, the ability to use different information means, the stages of developing the innovative ideas and, projects, and making action plans. The purpose of creating a public library as an education supporting institution, content and management methods, and the role in the digital age as a structure that ensures continuous education is also discussed. Additionally, marketing as a modern tool of library management is discussed, including directions for effective imple-mentation of library activities, tools that can expand the range of users and make the library more accessible, and changes that the library needs along with the development of new technologies and social network [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous research has focused on message characteristics of public webcare conversations. However, webcare conversations are increasingly held on private social networking sites. Little is known to what extent organizations and stakeholders adapt their messages to the affordances of these channels. Employing the uses and gratifications theory, this paper reports on a content analysis of webcare conversations (n = 423) between stakeholders and the Netherlands Red Cross on public and private social networking sites. The stakeholder motives and organizational communication style were analyzed. The findings reveal private channels mainly serve the purpose of customer service: stakeholders approach the organization with questions; the organization uses message personalization to enhance the experience of one-to-one communication. Public social networking sites mainly serve the purpose of reputation management: stakeholders post remarks and compliments; the organization adapts the communication style of its messages to the affordances of the individual platform. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.

Social media has become a channel through which journalists distribute their work, reach audiences and gain visibility. Informed by the frameworks of journalistic branding, the heuristic-systematic model, and hypertextual elements, the present study examines the extent to which the source factor (journalists' branding on social media profiles) and message factors (communication styles and hypertextual elements) influence visibility (i.e. the popularity of the account and the number of favourites and retweets of the posts). We analysed the Twitter profiles of 98 health journalists from seven major media organizations in the US and conducted a manual content analysis of a representative sample of their public tweets (n = 3982) published during the Covid-19 pandemic. In contrast to expectations, branding contributed little to any indicators of visibility, and profiles with institutional branding had fewer followers. Both affective messages and rational messages received more likes and retweets than messages without these elements. Tweets containing images or news-related hyperlinks received more retweets, whereas the number of @mentions in a tweet was negatively related to visibility. Journalists from traditional media, those who tweeted more often, and those with more followers had higher levels of visibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Project-based learning (PBL) is one of most common teaching strategies in design education. With the complexity in design projects, PBL is usually accomplished in groups. The final project success depend on both technical capabilities and individual personalities: personality types and communication styles. Although previous studies have investigated the relationship between personalities and project success, the relationship between the composition of personalities and project success among design students has yet to be examined. Student personalities were studied based on students' response to the personality assessments, Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) and the four-type communication model. Project success was recorded in both PBL and individual learning processes for comparisons. Results show that project success is positively correlated with group compositions that have a balanced proportion of Judging (J) and Perceiving (P) members, and negatively correlated with compositions that have an even proportion of Extrovert (E) and Introvert (I) members. Results also show that group compositions that have members with leadership qualities (the Rational temperament and the Director communication style) are more likely achieve success. Comparisons between project success in PBL and individual learning processes indicate that students with specific personalities (the Guardian and the Relator) perform significantly better in individual assignments than group assignments. The purpose of this study is therefore two-fold; first, to study how the different compositions of personalities could explain group dynamics and influence project success and second, to highlight that PBL might be more suitable for some students than others. This study concludes that with an understanding of students' personalities, teachers can create groupings to maximize the potential of PBL and, at the same time, provide individual learning activities to enable equal opportunities for all students to achieve success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. The reading proficiency of students across countries varies. Better teaching motivation, workplace ethics, Emotional Intelligence promote one to share their knowledge with others. Therefore this study seeks to investigate the role of communication style, the effect of teaching motivation, workplace ethics, emotional intelligence on reading proficiency and knowledge sharing. Materials and Methods. This study engaged 448 teachers/serviced teachers from various levels of secondary schools. Structural Equation Modeling is utilized in this study to analyze the model. The model reached a satisfactory compliance. Results. The results showed that teaching motivation, workplace ethics, emotional intelligence bear on reading proficiency and knowledge sharing positively. The communication style of teachers mediates the model significantly. Discussion and Conclusion.Teachers with better motivation prepare their class better by increasing their knowledge and insight into their field by the intensity of their effort to increase their reading experience and proficiency. Those sticking to work ethic try to increase their integrity, honesty, discipline, fairness and respect, responsibility, and accountability at work to reach better proficiency of reading and behaviors of sharing activities. Teachers’ Emotional Intelligence boosts their quality in reading by reaching a better quality of their ability on their understanding of reading passages and vocabulary knowledge as well as the level of proficiency in reading. Teachers with better communication styles increase their motivation onto the level of reading proficiency. Communication style strengthens the influence of motivation on reading skills.

This study partially replicated similar research conducted by Yrle, Hartman & Galle (2002:262) and Yrle, Hartman & Galle (2003:95-96) in the United States (US), which examined the correlations between communication style and leader-member exchange (LMX) in the South African context. It also took into consideration the potential impact of aspects such as gender, demographics and diversity on supervisor-subordinate LMX and communication considering the uniqueness of the South African environment. The research was conducted among supervisors and their subordinates at a South African government department. Forty-nine supervisors and subordinates, effectively representing 27 organisational dyads, were able to participate in this study. It yielded some interesting results, the most important of which is that the Pearson correlation coefficient statistical analysis supported the proposition that there is a correlation between LMX and communication in dyadic relationships.

This study aimed to reveal the communication styles in the Organizasaun Lospalos Uan Ukani Bandung organization with the influence of their original culture, namely Fataluku. This study uses a qualitative research method with a case study approach. The data sources in this study were divided into two types of data sources, namely primary sources and secondary sources. The technique of determining the informants in this study was using purposive sampling technique. The result showed that the communication style of the students of the Lospalos Uan Ukani Bandung members takes place with a formal communication style using the very standard Fataluku language. The speaking style of the members also used a verbal communication style by using words in speaking accompanied by non-verbal communication in the form of hand movements and facial mimics.

The public sector should be equipped with new communication technologies such as social media to improve the quality of services. Social media as a new channel of government services leads to the emergence of E-government 2.0 and the realization of E-democracy. Meanwhile, identifying the beneficiaries and users of the above-mentioned technology, as well as the variety of services which can be provided is highly significant. The present study aimed to explain the concept of E-government 2.0 and identify users and a variety of services that can be provided on social media in developing countries by focusing on information and communication technology offices. Therefore, the mixed research method was used to achieve the research objective. In the qualitative phase, library surveys and semi-structured interviews were used while and in the quantitative phase, the researcher-made questionnaire was used as a data collection tool. The results indicated that E-government 2.0 users are divided into two general groups of internal and external users while E-government 2.0 services are divided into five general categories including information services, financial-operational services, crisis management services, data services, and customized services. Conducting such a study was considered significant since E-government 2.0 literature paid less attention to the diversity of services and types of users. Using the results obtained from the study, it can be expected that managers and government sectors can plan and decide how to provide services to different groups of users. The result is the increased quality of services and the realization of e-democracy.

This study investigates the role of chatbot communication style (task vs. social oriented), task complexity (high vs. low), brand personality (sophisticated vs. sincere), and anthropomorphism on consumer trust and chatbot usage intention. Data is collected through three experiments conducted among US respondents (N = 328, 200, and 336). The results offer mixed insights as only one experiment supports that task complexity moderates the effect of communication style on trust, such that, task-oriented communication style of the chatbot leads to higher trust under high task complexity conditions. No significant differences in the moderating effect of task complexity on the relationship between communication style and trust is observed between sincere and sophisticated brands. Consistent across the three studies, it is observed that perceived anthropomorphism mediates the effect of communication style on trust which, in turn, affects intention to use the chatbot. The study contributes to literature on AI-enabled conversational agents, human computer interaction, anthropomorphism, and trust. Practically, the study offers insights for managers and service providers who wish to integrate chatbots and other AI enabled technology to enhance service delivery by providing efficient, cost-effective, and consistent support. • The study examines the factors affecting trust in and usage intention of chatbots. • Three experiments test the effect of communication style, task complexity, and anthropomorphism on trust. • One study supports that trust is higher for task (vs. social) oriented communication style for high (vs. low) task complexity. • No significant interaction effect of communication style and task complexity on trust between sophisticated and sincere brands. • Anthropomorphism mediates the effect of social oriented communication style on trust. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]