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Chronique d'expert publiée sur le site de Harvard Business Review France le 21/03/2017; L'innovation radicale est sur toutes les lèvres. Mais l'utilité de cette notion ne serait pas à la hauteur de sa popularité.

National audience; La figure de " l'usine à soins " habite ces dernières années les débats sur la transformation de l'hôpital. Avivée par les tensions économiques et sociales que connaissent les établissements, et étayée par les contributions d'éminents chercheurs en sociologie, elle incarne la crainte et le refus d'un mode de production de soins déshumanisé, mû par le seul objectif de la productivité...

International audience; Most modern-day enterprises are confronted with the challenge of dealing with digital transformations. Digital transformation (DT) commonly refers to a disruptive process that changes profoundly the way companies compete, interact, and create value. Enterprise Architecture Management (EAM) is supposed to be a suitable means to support the management of enterprise transformations and fundamental changes. However, the depth and disruptive nature of the underlying changes raise multiple questions concerning the adequacy of EAM for digital transformation management; in current corporate practice, EAM does not appear to be regularly applied as a support service for digital transformation. In this paper, we investigate the extent to which EAM can provide the required inputs to conduct the activities part of digital transformation endeavors. To this end, we rely on a comparable study found in the literature and extend its scope into digital enterprise transformations. We start by examining which activities need to be carried out to manage digital transformation. We further identify information inputs that are necessary to conduct these activities. We can then analyze whether EAM can supply the required inputs. We will focus on strategic areas of Digital Transformation Management (DTM) and further investigate which information inputs are needed for these DTM activities. When demand and supply are compared, and although EAM provides valuable inputs to organizational issues, EAM shows weaknesses when it comes to information about market trends, contextual and environmental information needed for strategy management activities.

International audience; 2017 was the pivotal year for the cryptocurrency made its foray into the mainstream financial markets. However, in 2018 it was a panic itself. For the market, it is imperative to ruminate reasonable analysis and expectations compiling various situations. We examine the dynamic interactions between the coin market behavior and market events and social metrics to incorporate potential coin traders' social belief and response into the market moves. We use hidden Markov model performing four different experiments in two-coin markets. We show that market events such as closing price and trading volume are important predictors for the coin market behavior, but not equally in all experiments. Interestingly, hidden Markov process demonstrates that social media metrics fairly explain the future behavior of the coin markets. Overall, this study shows the combined impact of market events and social factors through varied sequences adjusted for each market situation on the coin market behavior.

International audience; La transformation digitale renvoie de plus en plus à l'usage croissant d'algorithmes au centre de la stratégie des géants de l'Internet (Google Amazon) et de tous les acteurs qui ont réussi à " disrupter " les marchés que ce soit Uber ou Netflix. L'objectif de cette communication est d'analyser les résultas d'une expérience effectuée au sein d'une grande entreprise et fondée sur le recours à des algorithmes dans le but de faire émerger et de définir de nouveaux modèles d'affaires numériques tout en privilégiant une démarche de co-création et d'intelligence collective. Dans une première partie, quelques rappels sur le contexte et les enjeux de la transformation digitale seront effectués suivis dans une deuxième partie de la présentation de la méthodologie des algorithmes de clusterisation.

International audience

International audience; In this paper, we have chosen to study the sector of dialysis in France. Several scholars have already analyzed this sector from a cost perspective (Benin et al., 2007; Just et al., 2008; Cleemput & De Laet, 2013). This topic is not our main subject of interest here. The purpose of this preliminary research is to describe the evolution of this ecosystem facing on the one hand technological and strategic challenges and regulatory constraints (the dialysis activity is tightly regulated in France) on the other and to see how the digital transformation and uberization (through platforms operated by new entrants) could spread within the sector. Our research question is to what extent these changes related in particular to the role of data and new digital uses can be identified and will impact the sector of dialysis in France? To address this issue, we have adopted a case study approach and then we will draw out general findings from two case studies in the last part of this paper.

International audience; L'approche agile Scrum est devenue une composante importante dans les cours de management de projet pour les formations du supérieur. Dans cet article, nous proposons un dispositif de serious gaming à base de briques de LEGOS programmables, que nous avons nommé " MindScrum ", pour renforcer l'apprentissage de Srcrum. Nous présentons les principes qui ont guidé son élaboration puis nous discutons l'effectivité du jeu sur le processus d'apprentissage en nous appuyant sur une évaluation mixte (quantitative et qualitative) que nous avons menée auprès de 92 étudiants de niveau master, spécialisés en management des systèmes d'information.

Although, the knowledge management (KM)-culture research has helped to validate the importance of cultural values for companies' KM initiatives and provided insights into some important values, it still lacks frameworks and analysis outlining how specific types of cultural values might relate to Knowledge Management system (KMS) adoption and subsequent outcomes. In this paper, we provide a three-dimensional framework to help managers articulate how culture affects their unit's ability to create, transfer, and apply knowledge through KMS use. To illustrate the application of the framework, we also present an exploratory case study we have performed in an international organization in the area of development assistance and capacity development.

International audience; Cloud computing is a state-of-the-art technological innovation providing an extensive list of benefits for almost every business and governmental, small or medium-sized organizations. It has truly revolutionized the computational era by cutting down cost and reducing complexities of infrastructural configurations for computational platforms. This state-of-the-art technology is rapidly being adapted by various large organizations from healthcare to critical infrastructure to carry out their business processes that, otherwise, would require large storage capacity, huge computational power, and expensive hardware. The purpose of this special issue was to arrange a venue for cloud researchers around the world to share their state-of-the-art research and development that could benefit the cloud community. This helped collect high-quality articles that reported recent research advances regarding security and privacy issues in cloud computing, covering various topics of interest.

International audience; La Haute École spécialisée de Suisse occidentale (HES-SO) est constituée d'un réseau d'écoles dans les cantons de Suisse romande qui offrent des titres de bachelor et master HES axées sur la pratique. Pour intégrer ces écoles, les étudiants suivent au préalable un titre de formation professionnelle de l'enseignement secondaire supérieur (l'école des métiers). Quatre de ces écoles comportent une filière d'informatique, dans lesquelles les femmes sont moins de 8%, encore plus bas que la moyenne européenne (Collet, 2011). Nous avons travaillé sur la question de l'inclusion des femmes dans les filières d'informatique en Bachelor dans les HES-SO. Notre cadre de recherche s'appuie sur le concept d'inclusion, telle que l'utilise la littérature internationale, proche d'une problématique d'inclusion sociale (Freiler, 2001). L'échantillon est composé de 20 étudiant-es (10 femmes et 10 hommes) de 2e et 3e année de Bachelor auprès desquels nous avons mené des entretiens semi-directifs. Ils étaient centrés sur les 4 dimensions de l'inclusion : l'espace au sens de la géographie sociale, le développement lié à la confiance en soi et à l'efficacité personnelle, les relations, soit la possibilité de s'intégrer positivement dans un groupe, le pouvoir ou l'empowerment (Morley & Collet, 2017). À noter qu'en interrogeant 10 femmes, nous avons quasiment épuisé le vivier des étudiantes de 2e et 3e année des HES-SO. L'analyse a été menée à l'aide de l'outil Nvivo10, logiciel de support pour l'analyse qualitative d'entretiens. Les résultats de l'étude nous montrent que manière superficielle, les étudiant-es ne rapportent pas de harcèlement ou de situation directement hostile envers les étudiantes dans les écoles, contrairement à certaines situations rencontrées préalablement dans les écoles des métiers, dans lequel les garçons seraient encore " immatures " (Collet, 2014) et se comporteraient de manière sexiste, d'une façon jugée inévitable, d'autant plus qu'elle se produit dans une certaine indifférence institutionnelle. Ensuite, la Haute école est très peu connue des élèves de 15 ans. En s'orientant vers l'école des métiers, elles et ils ignorent pour beaucoup qu'il existe par la suite un enseignement tertiaire professionnel et aucune information ne leur est délivrée à ce moment sur ce sujet, au-delà du choix apprentissage / voie générale. Ce n'est qu'une fois en passe d'être diplômé de l'école des métiers qu'elles et ils verront des présentations de la HES-SO et seront conviés par exemple à des journées de présentation. Les filles qui ont choisi l'apprentissage racontent qu'elles ont été fortement découragées de le faire par des enseignant-es qui insistaient pour les maintenir dans la voie générale, afin de leur permettre de faire des études longues. Si la HES-SO a bien un discours institutionnel en faveur de l'inclusion des filles, nous notons tout de même que la culture de l'école est alignée sur des standards de la masculinité hégémonique (Connell, 2014). Cette culture masculine est jugée normale et même attendue par les étudiants comme par les étudiantes et n'est pas mise en question, ni même discutée. Ainsi, quand des propos ou des attitudes sexistes apparaissent, soit ils ne sont pas reconnus pour ce qu'ils sont, soit ils sont perçus comme un épiphénomène regrettable que les étudiantes doivent apprendre à gérer.

CNRS 4, FNEGE 4, HCERES C; International audience; Despite the increasing quantum of research on technostress, three particularly noteworthy gaps remain. First, though prior studies have described "technostress creators" through the five dimensions techno-overload, techno-invasion, techno-complexity, techno-insecurity, and techno-uncertainty in an aggregated way, they have not adequately considered how these technostress creators individually influence job outcomes. Second, though past organizational research suggests a curvilinear relationship between job stress and job outcomes, research has yet to examine whether the stress-performance dynamics for the technostress context follows the organizational stress literature. Third, even though the literature emphasizes information and communication technology (ICT)-enabled innovation in firms, research has not explored what influence the technostress creators have on ICT-enabled innovation in-depth. Grounding our arguments in the control theory of occupational stress and conservation of resources (COR) theory, we first theorize the linear and curvilinear relationships for each of the five technostress creators with ICT-enabled employee innovation and then test the hypothesized relationships via conducting a survey on organizational employees who regularly used ICTs for professional tasks. The results offer a nuanced understanding about the nature of individual technostress creators and their relationships with ICT-enabled employee innovation. On the practical front, our research paves the way for more meaningful technostress-management strategies in organizations.

International audience; Though prior research recognizes the vital role of the ‘innovation agents’ in effectuating digital innovation, little attention has been given to examine the role of ‘innovation affordances’. Drawing on digital innovation literature, we conceptualize the influence of both —‘innovation agent’ and ‘innovation affordance’ factors on the extent of digital innovation. We then test the theorized model via a quasi-experimental study, where the extent of digital innovation from a technology enabled design-thinking creative process is examined. Though the results from our study demonstrate the salience of both ‘innovation agent’ and ‘innovation affordance’ factors, the latter operationalized through technology enabled design-thinking process, the construct for which is developed in our study, has a stronger influence on digital innovation. Our research emphasizes the need for having a well-structured technology enabled creative process to actualize the innovation affordances. The findings have significant theoretical and practical implications.

International audience; Institutional and technological changes can conduct organizations to strengthen or defend their pragmatic legitimacy, in particular through digitization. In this vein, some organizations in the emergency sector have triggered massive investments to address their stakeholders' informational needs, thereby defending their pragmatic legitimacy. However, knowledge remains scarce about the practical influence of organizational search for pragmatic legitimacy on operations, especially in emergency settings. Inspired from pragmatist thinking and grounded theory principles, Anouck Adrot and Marie Bia-Figueiredo propose space as an intermediary concept to better understand the materiality of emergency organizations' pursuit for pragmatic legitimacy. They propose a relational frameworks that depicts emergency response as a spatial journey. Composed of six mutually imbricated occupational areas, the proposed framework highlights how Sigma, a firefighting organization, attempted to defend occupational balance in operations. Our contribution is double. First, we highlight how materiality can be reused by practitioners to develop reflexivity about practice and institutions. Second, we outline that a spatial approach to operations can help anticipate potential side effects of transformation, that can endanger pragmatic legitimacy.

International audience; Digital transformation is at a very early stage. Digital transformation has several impacts on business, on organization and process and raises several questions. Over the years, the aims of strategic fit and IT-business alignment have remained constant but the environment in which companies operate has changed significantly becoming more dynamic, very competitive and global. This chapter attempts to analyse how the digital transformation could affect more specifically strategic and IT-business alignment.

International audience; L'ubérisation correspond à un phénomène de désintermédiation (d'où l'apparition de nouveaux entrants sur les marchés), mais renvoie aussi à une réflexion sur la collecte, l'exploitation et la valorisation d'informations et de données dites massives (big data). Qu'en est-il de l'impact sur le secteur du droit et les métiers associés (avocats et autres professions juridiques) ? La création de documents juridiques et/ou la rédaction de contrats sont souvent citées comme des activités susceptibles d'être ubérisées. Ce chapitre, divisé en deux parties, vise donc à analyser la situation actuelle et les conséquences possibles de l'ubérisation sur les activités juridiques à moyen terme.

International audience; Smart Cities are currently a hot topic in the Information System (IS) consulting field. IS consultant should use business cases to evaluate and identify conceptual and technological solutions. However, these approaches are often difficult to understand by the learners. The use of Serious Games (SG) has emerged as an interesting strategy to promote experiential learning in several domains. But few studies have evaluated game based educational methods in the IS consulting field. This paper presents a feedback on the SG Cityone use in the IS consulting teaching for a smart city use case. This experiment was conducted within the course: "Information System consulting" proposed to Master II students. The evaluation of Cityone was carried out according to the enjoyment and learning dimensions. The main results showed that the game is a good complementary approach to be integrated in the IS consulting learning.

International audience; The ability to share EHR's (Electronic Health Record) underlying knowledge both internally and externally within healthcare organizations has been accepted as a method to improve the quality and delivery of care. It has also raised important questions related to legal and privacy issues. This paper aims to explore the critical factors that impact knowledge sharing in the French healthcare sector. A qualitative exploratory design was used to study EHRs underlying Knowledge sharing in French hospitals. Three major issues were identified, namely the need for: a common healthcare terminology, interoperability among healthcare information systems and patient's informed consents before sharing his/her sensitive data. This paper proposes a onceptual model to explain the factors that impact knowledge sharing in the French healthcare system.

International audience; Nowadays, CEOs from most of the industries investigate digitalization opportunities. Customer preferences and behavior are driving enterprise technology choices, and internal organizational change is essential to maintain focus on the customer in today's digital world. In this complex endeavor, organizations need to operate in changing environments is addressed by proposing models that help to comprehend the depth and disruptive nature of the underlying changes. In this paper, we put forward a visual model that takes into account the properties of digital transformation. Our model is based on the Archimate metamodel; it contributes to higher information system flexibility by providing multiple decoupling concepts for business and IS designs. The focus on simplified visualization within the model aids in quickly illustrating the common ground held by the specific parties involved in digital transformation context. Its use has been validated in three industrial case studies as part of an ongoing collaboration project, whereas one case is instantiated and presented in this paper. Issues related to the use of our model and tool support are also discussed within an evaluation done with Enterprise Architects.

International audience; Despite their tremendous ‘collaborative potential', virtual environments such as virtual world platforms have not yet found widespread usage for organizational collaborations. Uncertainty associated with the individual user's willingness for using such virtual platforms is one of the major organizational concerns. We propose a trust-theoretic model for using virtual world platforms as workplace collaboration tools. Specifically, we theorize two prime antecedents of user trust in VW - ‘trust in the virtual community' and ‘trust in the virtual technology', subdivided as ‘party trust' and ‘control trust'. The moderating influence of ‘individual traits' on the relationship between ‘user trust' and ‘VW usage intention' are also examined. Results demonstrate the significance of ‘user trust', especially ‘control trust' for using VWs as workplace collaborative tools. Moderation analyses suggest a weakening in the effect of trust on usage intention for individuals with strong traits such as ‘self-efficacy' and ‘anxiety'.

International audience; Our aim in this paper is to study habits, music preferences and evolution of music consumption in this context of dramatic technology changes and development of music analytics. We have applied our research to a specific population, i.e. young people studying in a French business school, who can be considered as Millennials or digital natives (Christian, 2010; Saldana, 2016). This paper is divided in two main sections. The first one is dedicated to a general overview of the music sector. Beyond the definition of the music industry and the data-driven analysis of the music market summarized in the next section, this paper seeks to present some perspective and insight on the main issues and challenges that the main players of the industry (‘traditional' firms and new entrants) of recorded music have to face. Based on the first section, the second section tries to answer several questions: How are "young people" currently consuming music in France? What do we know about Generations Y and Z and their media habits. Should we care, and if so, why? Do they go beyond listening (composing, performing, singing in the shower)? Music could be then considered as a broader activity known as musicking (Small, 1998). How do they analyze the impact of data analytics and the use of IOT in music on their own music consumption? Can links be made between musicking and the development of these new technologies? Through findings guided by this research question, this work has combined several academic disciplines of strategic management (business perspective) and cultural analysis.

International audience; Prior KM research suggest that organizational culture influences directly or indirectly the effective use of knowledge management system (KMS). These studies suggest that we would expect individuals to respond more favourably to KM technologies whose use supports one or more of the organization's underlying values. In this article, we propose a framework to help organizations articulate how culture affects their units' ability to create, transfer and apply knowledge through KMS effective use. We also present an exploratory case study we have performed in an international organization and we discuss the managerial implications of our results.

Software engineering is at the core of the digitalization of society. Ill-informed decisions can have major consequences, as made evident in the 2017 government crisis in Sweden, originating in a data breach caused by an outsourcing deal made by the Swedish Transport Agency. Many Government Agencies (GovAgs) in Sweden are rapidly undergoing a digital transition, thus it is important to overview how widespread, and mature, software development is in this part of the public sector. We present a software development census of Swedish GovAgs, complemented by document analysis and a survey. We show that 39.2% of the GovAgs develop software internally, some matching the number of developers in large companies. Our findings suggest that the development largely resembles private sector counterparts, and that established best practices are implemented. Still, we identify improvement potential in the areas of strategic sourcing, openness, collaboration across GovAgs, and quality requirements. The Swedish Government has announced the establishment of a new digitalization agency next year, and our hope is that the software engineering community will contribute its expertise with a clear voice., Comment: Preprint of paper accepted for the 40th International Conference on Software Engineering, May 27-3 June 2018, Gothenburg, Sweden, Software Engineering in Society Track

International audience

International audience; The 1990s have been characterized by profound economic changes in France, the increasing role of financial markets and globalization, a wider uptake and use of ICT by businesses across all sectors of the economy. The challenges came with the rising Europeanization (involving the integration in a single European market) leading French firms to expand operations on a broader geographical base. Deregulation in sectors such as telecommunications led to higher competitive pressures on existing groups (incumbents). The share of large state enterprises of the economy started to decline considerably.The French corporate governance system has significantly changed over the years aiming at a more widely dispersed ownership and greater transparency. In the 1990s, the government’s privatization policy led to improve corporate governance of large firms allowing them to acquire more and more resources through market financing rather than through bank borrowing. Foreign funds have begun to play an increasingly important role in the French economy and to impact corporate governance of big companies through the transformation of ownership structures (towards a more dispersed ownership).Several corporate governance principles have been applied successfully and have strengthened the rights and responsibilities of shareholders, the duties and responsibilities of the board of directors, the development of independent directors and external auditing, disclosure and transparency practices. The introduction of monitoring and control mechanisms has also had a significant impact on corporate governance rules. The presence of foreign ownership in CAC 40 listed firms has increased as well as the percentage of independent directors in CAC 40 firms. In June 2013, AFEP and MEDEF published a new version of the code of corporate governance. This revision is part of a codification process begun in 1995 and regularly updated since then, particularly in 2007, 2008 and 2010. The 2010 version made in particular recommendations regarding the representation of women on boards of directors. This chapter aims at analyzing the evolution since the end of the 1990s of the representation of women in the economic sphere and in decision-making positions (mainly CAC 40 listed firms) in France.

PurposeThe purpose of this research paper is to discuss the evolution in business models (BM) of one key player (Netflix) in the French online streaming video services market.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on a qualitative approach (Netflix case study based on secondary data) to reduce the gap between theory and business practice.FindingsThrough technological convergence, the movie and video industry has seen dramatic changes in the means of consumption, forcing the traditional media players to evolve and adapt their strategy and BM to face new entrants (mainly IT companies). Coopetitive practices have been developed in spite of a fierce competition in the French market with impact on BM. Netflix is representative of this evolution.Research limitations/implicationsThis qualitative research is based on a case study. The results of a single case study cannot be used to make generalizations. Certainly, this paper represents only a first step. Further research is required in this field.Originality/valueThe originality of this paper is to expand the understanding of BMs by including various strategic and marketing perspectives and analyze the impact of coopetitive practices on the BM of one key player: Netflix.

International audience; The purpose of the minitrack is to provide a forum for researchers to discuss the business of video game either as a market itself or as a tool for business and society. The study of the design, use and impact of these games and game like systems in various contexts can lead to important research. Topics discussed in this minitrack include: game adoption, the use of games in organizations, and the changing business of video games.

International audience; The 1990s have been characterized by profound economic changes in France, the increasing role of financial markets and globalization, a wider uptake and use of ICT by businesses across all sectors of the economy. The challenges came with the rising Europeanization (involving the integration in a single European market) leading French firms to expand operations on a broader geographical base. Deregulation in sectors such as telecommunications led to higher competitive pressures on existing groups (incumbents). The share of large state enterprises of the economy started to decline considerably.The French corporate governance system has significantly changed over the years aiming at a more widely dispersed ownership and greater transparency. In the 1990s, the government’s privatization policy led to improve corporate governance of large firms allowing them to acquire more and more resources through market financing rather than through bank borrowing. Foreign funds have begun to play an increasingly important role in the French economy and to impact corporate governance of big companies through the transformation of ownership structures (towards a more dispersed ownership).Several corporate governance principles have been applied successfully and have strengthened the rights and responsibilities of shareholders, the duties and responsibilities of the board of directors, the development of independent directors and external auditing, disclosure and transparency practices. The introduction of monitoring and control mechanisms has also had a significant impact on corporate governance rules. The presence of foreign ownership in CAC 40 listed firms has increased as well as the percentage of independent directors in CAC 40 firms. In June 2013, AFEP and MEDEF published a new version of the code of corporate governance. This revision is part of a codification process begun in 1995 and regularly updated since then, particularly in 2007, 2008 and 2010. The 2010 version made in particular recommendations regarding the representation of women on boards of directors. This chapter aims at analyzing the evolution since the end of the 1990s of the representation of women in the economic sphere and in decision-making positions (mainly CAC 40 listed firms) in France.

International audience; La Théorie de la Structuration (Giddens, 1979, 2005) a eu une influence considérable sur la recherche en Systèmes d'Information. Elle a principalement été utilisée pour comprendre le rôle et les effets de la technologie sur le fonctionnement et la performance des organisations. A partir des années 80, un courant de recherche structurationniste s'est progressivement formé au sein de la discipline (DeSanctis et Poole, 2004). Avec la Théorie de la Structuration Adaptative, DeSanctis et Poole (1989, 1994) figurent parmi les auteurs pionniers de ce courant. En positionnant l'appropriation d'une technologie comme le processus générateur de ses effets sur un groupe, cette théorie a inspiré de très nombreuses recherches. Après avoir décrit le contexte et le projet scientifique à l'origine du développement de la théorie de la structuration adaptative, ce chapitre offre une lecture synthétique et critique de la théorie et des principales extensions apportées depuis vingt ans.

National audience; Varun Grover est l'un des chercheurs les plus prolifiques du domaine des systèmes d'information avec un total de plus de 250 publications, parmi lesquels plus de 65 articles dans les huit revues de référence de l'AIS (AIS Senior Scholars' Basket of Journals ), et plus de trente publications ayant chacune récoltée plus de 200 citations. Dans ses travaux, Varun Grover s'est intéressé à un large éventail de problématiques liées à l'usage, l'exploitation et l'impact des technologies de l'information et de la communication (TIC) dans les organisations. Ses travaux se caractérisent par le souci constant de la pertinence : il est proche du terrain et des problèmes que rencontrent les entreprises, il observe les évolutions technologiques et économiques et les intègre dans son spectre d'analyse. Il construit systématiquement son analyse sur les données empiriques qu'il récolte auprès d'une grande variété d'utilisateurs. L'objectif de ce chapitre est de résumer l'ensemble de ses travaux et de donner un aperçu de ses principales contributions au domaine des systèmes d'information.

International audience; Firms operate in a more and more complex, dynamic, less predictable environment especially in the media and entertainment industry. The digital transformation is an emblematic example of this more complex reality. This situation requires to follow various strategic approaches and to develop new patterns of strategic thinking. There are several strategic models and tools. Most of them have advantages and disadvantages and have evolved. Ten years after the publication in 2007 of a paper written by Lucy Küng and entitled: "Does Media Management Matter?", the question remains a highly topical issue. Consequently, the goal of this chapter is to present some key strategic management tools, to understand how they have evolved since the end of the 1990s and to analyze how they can be applied to the media sector. This chapter analyses also the impact of the digital transformation on strategy and business model in the media and entertainment industry. Digital transformation is a concept which has attracted attention both from practitioners and academics. It is closely linked to other "classical" concepts in the strategy field including value creation and capture, value chain (reconfiguration), business and revenue model (evolution), networks (renewed linkages).

National audience; Aujourd'hui, les patrons des industries étudient les opportunités de numérisation. Les préférences et le comportement des clients déterminent les choix technologiques des entreprises, et le changement organisationnel interne est essentiel pour maintenir l'attention sur le client. Dans ce contexte complexe, le besoin des organisations de fonctionner dans des environnements changeants est abordé en proposant des nouveaux modèles d'entreprise qui aident à comprendre la profondeur et la nature perturbatrice des changements engendrés. Dans cet article, nous proposons un modèle d'entreprise qui met en avant les différents aspects de la transformation numérique, puis fournissons un exemple de la façon dont l'approche peut être utilisée pour gérer l'impact de la transformation numérique sur les systèmes d'informations. Notre modèle basé sur le métamodèle Archimate représente une conception d'entreprise et du SI constituée de canaux de distribution, capacités, facteurs externes, etc. L'accent mis sur la visualisation simplifiée dans notre modèle d'entreprise permet d'illustrer rapidement le terrain d'entente entre les parties concernées. Son utilisation est validée dans trois études de cas industriels s'inscrivant dans le cadre d'un projet de collaboration en cours ; un cas est présenté dans le présent article. Les questions liées à l'utilisation de notre modèle sont également discutées dans le cadre d'une évaluation réalisée avec des experts de l'architecture d'entreprise.

International audience; The relatively new phenomenon of social media marketing, accelerated by Web 2.0 broadcasting, promises to have a great potential at reaching out to a wider set of social media audiences. Social media marketing, as a phenomenon, is not static. In fact, its dynamic nature takes into account the relational interaction of the technology, actors, and the situating environmental factors. This chapter, taking a technology-constraints perspective for the social media users, explores the current research on the dark side of social media marketing via a systematic literature review. It also identifies two distinct forms of constraints that apply to this context: intended and unintended. The findings: a systematic literature review of the subject helped unearth certain core actors (stakeholders) that are interdependent within the sociotechnical system. The topmost category relates to the regulatory bodies and public policy bodies including governments that are trying to enforce social media regulations with a view to providing affordances for businesses and individuals. Intended constraints, for our purpose, are those constraints that can be attributed to an identifiable source or an actor in the social media marketing ecosystem. In other words, the causality of the symptoms can be clearly attributed. Surprisingly, prior research is largely reticent about the dark or shadow side of social media marketing. Grounding this work in a systematic literature review, a framework was developed and typology for better understanding the shadow side of social media marketing identified-specifically, classifying the dark side of social media marketing into two kinds of constraint: intended and unintended.

International audience; Partant de problématiques de management stratégique et de cas d'école de la réflexion managériale, Stratégies managériales et création de valeur présente une grille d'analyse originale en s'appuyant sur des concepts de la théorie des jeux. Une approche conceptuelle et opérationnelle du dénouement de ces problématiques concrètes est proposée. La formulation des concepts se veut pédagogique avec une perspective d'utilisation opérationnelle. L'ouvrage analyse à la fois les aspects prédictifs et d'aide à la décision et la dimension réflexive de la théorie des jeux. Il permet, grâce aux outils présentés, d'affiner le processus de décision stratégique et de comprendre comment se dessine une stratégie d'entreprise dans un contexte d'interactions et de concurrence sur les marchés. Il s'adresse aussi bien à des managers, des cadres d'entreprises privées ou publiques, des intervenants en formation initiale et/ou continue qu'à des étudiants qui suivent un cursus à l'université ou dans une grande école (commerce et/ou ingénieurs).

International audience; .

International audience; Michael Porter est un auteur très prolixe qui a cherché souvent à développer des approches transversales comme nous le verrons dans la première partie qui est consacrée à rappeler les fondamentaux de la pensée de M. Porter. Son intérêt pour les technologies de l'information (TI) s'est manifesté très tôt dans ses travaux parmi lesquels son article "How information gives you competitive advantage" co-rédigé avec Victor Millar et publié en 1985. L'accent est alors mis sur l'information comme facteur essentiel de l'avantage concurrentiel. D'autres articles portant sur l'impact de l'intégration croissante des TI sur les stratégies et les performances des entreprises sont publiés dans les années 2000 et 2010. En 2001, M. Porter dans son article "Strategy and the Internet" réaffirme le rôle fondamental que continuent de jouer les stratégies " traditionnelles " et la nécessité de les combiner désormais avec les " nouvelles " pratiques (marketing digital et e-commerce) rendues possibles par Internet. Plus récemment en 2014, c'est le domaine des objets et produits connectés qui retient l'attention de M. Porter. Il co-publie avec James Heppelmann deux articles : "How smart, connected products are transforming competition" en 2014 et "How smart, connected products are transforming companies" en 2015 dans lesquels les deux auteurs s'interrogent sur les conséquences du développement de l'Internet des objets (Internet of Things, noté IOT) sur les structures de marché, les conditions de la concurrence et les stratégies des entreprises. Ces différentes publications seront analysées et mises en perspective dans la deuxième partie. Enfin la troisième partie est consacrée à une analyse plus critique des apports réels de M. Porter dans le domaine des SI.

CNRS 2, FNEGE 2, HCERES A; International audience; Over a few decades, some research in several academic fields (history, anthropology, sociology, education, management…) has questioned the social construction of gender roles. Despite their diversity, most of these works share a research approach that can be named ‘feminist approach’. The objective of this article is to use this approach to understand how gender is taken into account in information systems research, and more precisely in a leading journal, MIS Quarterly. First, we describe the different dimensions of a feminist approach. Then, all the articles mentioning “gender” have been examined using this framework, whether the term gender is used as a demographic variable or refers to male-female social relations. Results suggest that using a feminist approach could be of interest for improving IS research, providing additional rigor, and more robust findings, less flawed by cultural biases. Then, researchers can be questioned on their contribution in consolidating stereotypes and gender norms in IS. Last, a feminist approach in IS research could open the way to new ideas.; Depuis plusieurs dizaines d’années, dans différentes disciplines académiques (histoire, anthropologie, sociologie, sciences de l’éducation, sciences de gestion…), un ensemble de travaux interrogent la construction sociale des rôles de sexe et partagent, à des degrés divers, une approche de recherche que l’on peut appeler « approche féministe ». L’objectif de cet article est d’utiliser cette approche pour comprendre comment le féminin-masculin est pris en compte dans les recherches en systèmes d’information (SI), et plus précisément dans une revue phare, MIS Quarterly. Pour cela, nous avons d’abord fait une description des différentes dimensions d’une approche féministe. En utilisant ce cadre, nous avons analysé de façon systématique tous les articles où le terme gender apparaît, en ayant à l’esprit que le terme en anglais peut aussi bien renvoyer à une variable démographique qu’à une notion de genre, entendue comme une organisation sociale des relations entre femmes et hommes. Notre analyse montre l’apport potentiel d’une approche féministe pour de nombreuses recherches en SI. Elle introduit une exigence accrue de rigueur théorique, elle permet de pointer sur des résultats culturellement biaisés ou sur des failles dans les démonstrations proposées, et elle peut conduire à des résultats plus solides, plus riches et plus nuancés. Par ailleurs, elle met en lumière une responsabilité éventuelle des chercheur.es dans le maintien de stéréotypes et/ou le renforcement de normes ou relations de pouvoir qui structurent un système d’information ou son management. Enfin, elle peut ouvrir sur de nouvelles perspectives de recherche.

International audience; Prior research on services offshoring has found control theory to be a useful perspective for examining the co-ordination between the client and the vendor. Control literature describes two primary control modes - formal and informal control modes, classified as behavior, outcome, clan and self-control modes. But most control literature has focused on examining either the conditions for adopting a particular control mode or investigating the influence of the chosen control mode(s) on the project performance. Recent services offshoring research has uncovered two distinct control mechanisms comprising each of the control modes namely, structural and process mechanisms. Structural control mechanism describes the ‘what' or the structure guiding the control mode, whereas process control mechanism explains ‘how' or the process through which the control mode is enacted. Grounding our arguments in the alignment literature, we theorize the need for congruence between the control ‘structures' and ‘processes' within each of the control modes for effective project performance. In effect, we posit the moderating role of control processes on the relationship between control structures and contract performance. The theorized model is tested through data collected from a field study comprising offshore services projects executed by offshore vendors. Results demonstrate that governance ‘alignment' or ‘congruence' leads to superior project performance. The study makes contributions to both services offshoring literature as well as provides useful practical implications for managers

International audience; The book is divided into two parts that can be read independently one from the other. The first theoretical part (Chapters 1-3) recalls the primary concepts and tools of game theory. It integrates a number of examples of games that illustrate "simple" strategic deliberations that companies can experience when faced with various situations. The definitions of key concepts of game theory (equilibriums, caution, etc.) are presented in Appendices 1 and 2 and unfamiliar readers should refer to them to better understand basic concepts. The second part (Chapters 4-7) presents a number of case studies in a number of sectors. These studies are most often extracted from ongoing research studies reviewed and rewritten in a simpler game form.

International audience; Place de l'étudiant entrepreneur dans l'écosystème et rôle des écoles dans son accompagnement en termes de contenu, coaching, mentorat et facilitations. Au delà des challenges d'entreprise, des défis, des hackathons et les bootcamps, il convient de parler d'aménagement des horaires, la pré incubation, l'orientation vers les bons Enseignants-Chercheurs, praticiens, événements, sponsors, dispositifs locaux de financement et administratifs, etc.

National audience; Les établissements d'enseignement supérieur en gestion ne font pas l'exception. Pour faire face à une compétition accrue, à une pression à la production scientifique et à l'innovation pédagogique et aux accréditions, ils sont amenés à faire évoluer leurs offres de formation, leurs pratiques pédagogiques, leurs pratiques de recherche, leurs modes d'organisation et parfois même leurs business models.

International audience; This book explores two combined approaches (strategy and accounting) from a cross-disciplinary perspective in order to improve knowledge of value creation in various contexts. Existing studies on this topic have generally adopted a purely account-based or strategy-oriented approach to address this issue. However, this book draws upon a number of well-defined theoretical and empirical backgrounds and methodologies. Since the 1980s, many changes have occurred and companies have increasingly focused their strategies on value creation. Consequently, new strategic directions have emerged, especially for managerial accounting. Management accounting and alignment with strategy could thus improve performance. This book encourages further thought and reflection on these issues which should be pursued in the future as firms face new challenges associated with the acceleration of digital transformation.

International audience; The gender imbalance in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) careers is an enduring issue (European Commission 2013). The gender gap in ICT is mainly due to the masculine culture in education and work environments within the field (Faulkner 2011, Margolis&Fisher 2003) and to the persistent gender stereotypes that depict women as technologically incompetent (Clayton et al. 2012). Previous research conducted on our campus, which hosts a business and an engineering school (Télécom École de Management and Télécom SudParis), has shown that despite initiatives for equality, the ICT & gender stereotype is still prevalent among students. However, our results also give cause for optimism in so far as mechanisms to alter the status quo exist and are mobilised (McDonnell&Morley 2015,Morley&McDonnell 2016). With a view to deconstructing the ICT & gender stereotype in our students‘representations, we have developed an experimental online course, and more specifically a SPOC (Small_Private_Online_Course). Our students come from varied cultural and social backgrounds, and differ widely concerning customs, religion, family values and personal experience. We thus wanted to design a course that would take into account individual differences, in particular those concerning gender knowledge and personal ability to get involved in classroom discussions. Our ten-week course, entitled "Feminine-Masculine in the digital world - a journey of discovery", is in three parts. The first helps students discover the little known role of women in the history of computer science (1950-1970) in the United States and Europe, and comprehend when and why women were removed from the IT field. In the second part, students are led to question the gendering of a profession while discovering women's involvement in IT occupations today (CIOs, CEOs and entrepreneurs in the digital sector etc.) and the gender balance in ICT jobs in Malaysia. The third part of the course focuses on stereotypes in the ICT world (how they work, what are the effects, what has changed today...), and students learn how to recognize and deconstruct these stereotypes. The course provides a framework for analysing stereotyped representations of ICT (in advertisements, posters, etc.) from a gender perspective. The online lectures were delivered via videos, and each week, students were assigned a writing activity to be completed either individually, in small groups, or in a forum. At the end of ten online sessions, two face-to-face sessions were organised, during the first students presented their final group assignment (stereotype analysis of a document dealing with ICT), and during the second did the final written exam. The course was launched in January 2016, and a second session in September, with about 40 students attending each session. Both have been greatly appreciated by students. The communication presents the results of our study of this experimental course aimed at reducing gender inequality using an innovative teaching technique. We have first assessed our pedagogy against the recommendations issued by researchers working on community of inquiry for an effective commitment of learners (Garrison&al. 2009, Pelz 2010), and we examine if and how the online course has been inclusive. Then, we have tried to identify whether our learning goals have been achieved. Our central research questions were: Has the course contributed to weakening the gender stereotype that links technology and masculinity in the participating students' representations? Do female participants feel more empowered in the IT field? Have male participants become more aware of gender stereotypes in IT? Have students developed critical thinking on gender issues? Finally, we discuss the contribution of an online course to teaching gender issues, compared to face-to-face teaching, and the specific role of online teachers.

International audience; Women's underrepresentation in the ICT field is an enduring issue, mainly due to persistent stereotypes that depict women as technologically incompetent. Does information system research contribute to reduce gender imbalance in the ICT field? To start answering this question, we have tried to understand how gender is pictured in the IS domain. More precisely, we have scrutinised MIS Quarterly, generally considered as a leading IS research journal, through the lens of feminist epistemology. The aim of this paper is to describe the results. Using a feminist epistemology means taking one or all of the following approaches: to view gender as a relational concept; to make women's contribution more visible; to adopt different standpoints; and to rely on emancipatory principles and contribute to reducing gender inequality and stereotypes. Our analysis shows the persistence of a narrow view on gender issues, but it also suggests hope for improvement. Taking into account social relations between men and women in socio-technical systems would provide a richer understanding of information systems implementation, adoption and use.

CNRS 4, FNEGE 3, HCERES B; National audience; Through the concept of platform, this research analyses the digital transformation at work in the media space buying sector faced since 2012 with the emergence of programmatic platforms. These platforms enable publishers to distribute unsold space and advertisers to buy discounted space, in a blind system. The transformation is characterized by the emergence of new intermediate actors in the chain from the advertiser to the publisher. A literature review on the concept of platforms lays the foundation for a grid of analysis of actors’ logical through thirteen interviews of digital advertising professionals. It illustrates the economic mechanisms associated to the platforms but also the roles of actors and issues that incumbents should meet to justify their value on the market. Moreover, it shows that the players on the two sides can influence the configuration of the platform and calls for a ref lection on the evolution of the platforms.; Cette recherche mobilise le concept de plateforme pour analyser la transformation digitale à l’œuvre dans le secteur de l’achat d’espace médias confronté depuis 2012 à l’émergence de plateformes programmatiques. Ces plateformes permettent aux éditeurs de diffuser des invendus et aux annonceurs d’acheter des espaces en rabais à l’aveugle. La transformation se caractérise par l’apparition de nouveaux acteurs intermédiaires dans la chaîne allant de l’annonceur à l’éditeur. Une revue de littérature sur le concept de plateformes permet de poser les bases d’une grille d’analyse des logiques d’acteurs à travers treize entretiens de professionnels de la publicité digitale. Elle illustre les ressorts économiques associés aux plateformes mais aussi les rôles des acteurs et les enjeux auxquels doivent répondre les acteurs historiques pour justifier leur valeur ajoutée sur le marché. De plus, elle montre que les acteurs sur les versants peuvent inf luencer la configuration de la plateforme et appelle une réf lexion sur l’évolution des plateformes.

International audience

International audience

International audience; Despite the wealth of research examining the influence of technostress on job outcomes, the mechanisms through which technostress generates strain to impact job outcomes is not clear. Grounding our arguments in the theory of threat bias, we investigate the mechanisms explaining this important relationship and delineate useful implications.

In the current business scenario, Global Virtual Teams (GVTs) are all pervasive and often viewed as new forms of inclusive work practices. Prior research identifies differences in team members’ cul...