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Selecting the best oil palm cultivars adapted to specific agro-climatic conditions helps ensure fruit and oil production success. Many biotic and abiotic problems can limit the productivity of the crop, some of which have not yet been described, as well as their symptoms and degree of impact. In oil palm, a disturbance known as leaf-bending occurs, in which the palms present a bending or breakage of the petiole in the leaves, representing a significant challenge for oil palm cultivation. Although leaf-bending in oil palm plantations is known, its effect on the palm's performance and its possible causes are unknown. Thus, the objectives of the present work were to describe and propose a quantitative way to evaluate leaf-bending in different cultivars (Elaeis guineensis Jacq. and the interspecific O×G hybrid) and to evaluate the disturbance effect on the physiology and nutritional balance of the oil palm. The results showed that most leaves from leaf rings three and four of the palm phyllotaxis have the highest affectation, with 74% leaf-bending. The cultivars with a Deli × La Mé and Coarí × La Mé genetic background were the most tolerant; however, the Deli × AVROS and Deli × Yangambi genetic crosses were the most susceptible. The difference in the affectation between the groups was 60% to 70%. Leaf-bending affected physiological parameters such as photosynthesis, transpiration, and stomatal conductance. Thus, below the second ring of leaves, the affected plants' physiological parameters decreased between 40% and 50%. The nutritional diagnosis showed that the most sensitive cultivars to leaf-bending were Deli × AVROS, which presented the highest average index of nutritional balance (IBNm), indicating that this genetic cross had the highest nutritional imbalance. On the contrary, the most tolerant cultivars were Deli × La Mé, which presented the lowest IBNm, associated with a better nutritional condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, and genetic diversity of Staphylococcus aureus, as well as the detection and genetic relationship of Coxiella burnetii in retail milk samples and plastic bags from 25 local dairy delicatessens. Bacteriological culture, PCR, and Sanger sequencing were performed. Eleven percent of the samples were positive for S. aureus, none of which were methicillin‐resistant or enterotoxigenic. The rep‐PCR analysis revealed a high similarity between strains isolated from milk and bag samples from the same source. Moreover, 14% of the milk samples were positive for C. burnetii, which matched 100% of the reference strains in the GenBank. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Population growth has increased, causing more and more housing needs; Indonesia is one of the countries where bricks are still used as the primary material in building walls. It has resulted in increased demand for bricks. One of Indonesia's regions, Deli Serdang Regency, produces traditional bricks that burn a lot, but the process of making traditional bricks can cause environmental pollution. This research aims to find a way to reduce the effects of environmental pollution by making pressed bricks without burning and utilizing agricultural waste, namely rice husk ash (RHA). After that, a comparison was made between traditional burnt bricks from 15 sub-districts in Deli Serdang Regency and unburnt bricks made from rice husk ash (RHA). This study uses two methods, namely the method of sampling burned bricks and the method of making bricks without burning, both of which are tested for physical and mechanical properties. The results of this study use the requirements of SNI 15-2094-2000, where the test of physical properties of fuel bricks obtained a value of 76%, which meets the requirements, while bricks without burning obtained a value of 87.5%, which meets the requirements. For the results of the size of fuel bricks obtained, 66.6% of the value meets the requirements, while for bricks without burning, 100% meet the requirements. Mechanical properties test for absorption testing on fuel bricks obtained 0.135% while unburned bricks 0.130%, where the value meets the SNI requirements of a maximum absorption of 20%. Salt content testing obtained a value of 0.15% for burned bricks and 0.002% for unburned bricks, where the value meets the SNI requirements that are below 50%. Testing the compressive strength of bricks with a standard value of 5 MPa from the test results of the compressive strength of fuel bricks 3.01 MPa decreased by 39.8%, while the test of compressive strength of unburned bricks 5.17 MPa increased by 3.45%, but unburned bricks with added rice husk ash 1.98 MPa decreased by 60.4%. Based on the study's results, the absorption and salt content parameters follow the standard. At the same time, the strength test of firebricks and unburned bricks with added rice husk ash does not meet the SNI 15-2094-2000 standard, but the results of the compressive strength test of unburned bricks meet the SNI 15-2094-2000 standard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The oil palm Deli dura breeding population is the most widely used dura for breeding and seed production. Due to its narrow genetic base, with current material originating from the four initial dura palms of Bogor, the Deli dura is presumed to have low genetic diversity. A total of 35 MPOB Deli dura inter-crosses from eight paternal parents were characterized based on 22 different traits including bunch yields, bunch quality components, as well as other vegetative and physiological traits. Based on the principal component analysis of the collected data, the first five components (PC1-PC5) possessing eigenvalues surpassing 1, contributed to 97.83% of the overall variance. PC1, with the highest variation (30.88%), was characterized mainly by vegetative and physiological traits, while PC2, with about 26.02% variation, was primarily associated with bunch quality components. The principal component score plot suggests that populations of the Johor Labis paternal parents 0.278/318 and 0.278/295 are unique populations and can be used in further breeding programmes. Besides, the populations from Ulu Remis (0.280/68) and Ulu Remis × Elmina (0.281/44) paternal parents were positively associated with PC2, suggesting strong performance in bunch quality components. Cluster analysis indicated that all populations were clustered into three main groups comprised of several sub-clusters, with populations of paternal parents 0.279/48 (Banting) and 0.281/74 (Banting) were outliers in the second and third clusters, respectively. In overall, the study revealed the presence of variation among the Deli dura inter-crosses based on the traits evaluated. These results will be useful for the selection of specific populations for genetic improvements of bunch yield, bunch quality, as well as vegetative and physiological characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gravads are a traditional type of Scandinavian delicatessen frequently made from salmon. Developing a gravading technology by using other fish like farmed rainbow trout may make gravads more popular in countries without a tradition in this field. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of gravading process parameters (composition and proportion of gravading mixture, time and temperature of ripening) on the physicochemical attributes of rainbow trout gravads. The influence of gravading process parameters (time, temperature, and the amount and relative proportions of the added salt-sugar mixture) on the yield and physicochemical attributes (water activity, protein, salt, sugar and dry matter content) of rainbow trout gravads were investigated using response surface methodology. The amount of the added sugar-salt mixture and gravading time were more important factors affecting the analyzed attributes than temperature or the proportions of salt and sugar. Mathematical models were developed to estimate the quality parameters of rainbow trout gravad obtained under different process conditions. Response surfaces representing changes in gravad attributes with varying processing conditions help to make the most desirable product. The results obtained in this work may facilitate the expansion of the range of nutritionally valuable fish products available on the market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In many urban areas in the diaspora, churches, schools, and ethnic businesses are routinely established to feed the needs of the community. One that has more than a century of history in such communities is the deli. It is the place where products, purveyors, and purchasers interact. But the Polish deli has long escaped the lens of scholars. No longer is this the case. While delis provide sustenance and Polish products to customers in the diaspora, they are also gathering places for the broader ethnic community and crucial sites of memory where people experience and exercise symbolic ethnicity. Additionally, in Ottawa and Toronto, Ontario, Canada, contrary to the deli-lost narrative, the deli has adapted and followed the movements of people out of the traditional ethnic neighborhood and into the suburbs in the two metropolitan areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to find out whether People's Business Credit has an effect on the development of MSMEs in Medan Deli subdistrict in Medan City, to find out whether EMarketing has an effect on the development of MSMEs in Medan Deli subdistrict in Medan City, and to find out whether People's Business Credit and E-Marketing have an effect on development of MSMEs in Medan Deli sub-district in Medan City. The type of data for this research is quantitative data. Data analysis techniques in this research are validity test, reliability test, descriptive statistics, classic assumption test (normality test, multicollinearity test, heteroscedasticity test), multiple linear regression analysis, hypothesis testing (t test, f test), and coefficient of determination. The results of this research state that the influence of people's business credit and e-marketing on the development of MSMEs in Medan Deli subdistrict in Medan City is shown by the results of multiple linear regression analysis which means that the variables of people's business credit and e-marketing together have an influence on the development of MSMEs in Medan district. Deli in Medan City. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkbilig/Turkoloji Arastirmalari Dergisi is the property of Turkbilig/Turkoloji Arastirmalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article explores the historical and scientific significance of biotechnology, particularly focusing on the origins and development of DNA technology. Topics discussed include the advent of biotechnology which occurred at a Hawaiian delicatessen in 1972, mysteries that remain in the biotechnology's origin story by 2001, and implications of the pending patent for the process for producing biologically functional molecular chimeras.

Copyright of MEMLEKET: Politics & Administration / Siyaset Yönetim is the property of Local Governments Research, Assistance & Education Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: The reliability of culture-independent pathogen detection in foods using metagenomics is contingent on the quality and composition of the reference database. The inclusion of microbial sequences from a diverse representation of taxonomies in universal reference databases is recommended to maximize classification precision for pathogen detection. However, these sizable databases have high memory requirements that may be out of reach for some users. In this study, we aimed to assess the performance of a foodborne pathogen (FBP)-specific reference database (taxon-specific) relative to a universal reference database (taxon-agnostic). We tested our FBP-specific reference database's performance for detecting Listeria monocytogenes in two complex food matrices—ready-to-eat (RTE) turkey deli meat and prepackaged spinach—using three popular read-based DNA-to-DNA metagenomic classifiers: Centrifuge, Kraken 2 and KrakenUniq. Results: In silico host sequence removal led to substantially fewer false positive (FP) classifications and higher classification precision in RTE turkey deli meat datasets using the FBP-specific reference database. No considerable improvement in classification precision was observed following host filtering for prepackaged spinach datasets and was likely a consequence of a higher microbe-to-host sequence ratio. All datasets classified with Centrifuge using the FBP-specific reference database had the lowest classification precision compared to Kraken 2 or KrakenUniq. When a confidence-scoring threshold was applied, a nearly equivalent precision to the universal reference database was achieved for Kraken 2 and KrakenUniq. Recall was high for both reference databases across all datasets and classifiers. Substantially fewer computational resources were required for metagenomics-based detection of L. monocytogenes using the FBP-specific reference database, especially when combined with Kraken 2. Conclusions: A universal (taxon-agnostic) reference database is not essential for accurate and reliable metagenomics-based pathogen detection of L. monocytogenes in complex food matrices. Equivalent classification performance can be achieved using a taxon-specific reference database when the appropriate quality control measures, classification software, and analysis parameters are applied. This approach is less computationally demanding and more attainable for the broader scientific and food safety communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Youjiang basin is a diamond-shaped Indosinian foreland basin formed during the subduction and merging of the South China plate into the Indo-Chinese plate. A large number of Indo-Chinese tectonic traces have been preserved in the basin. However, little has been reported about the syn-tectonic magma and its related mineralization in the basin. Sphalerites from the newly discovered Deli Pb-Zn deposit in the Xidamingshan mining district at the southeastern margin of the Youjiang basin were sampled for the Rb-Sr isochron dating. We obtained the isochron age of 207.1 ± 0.6 Ma (MSWD = 1.5) with initial Sr isotopic composition of 0.728379 to 0.739226. The Sr isotopic compositions are distinct from those of the Late Cretaceous felsic intrusions and the Late Jurassic high-Mg andesite in or around the Xidamingshan district but similar to those of the Late Triassic granites in the Guangxi province. The results indicate that the ore-forming age of the Deli Pb-Zn deposit may be closely related to the concealed Triassic granite. The Si-Ca fracture zone between the Devonian and Cambrian is a favorable location to search for Pb-Zn deposits in the Xidamingshan mining district. This work proves the Triassic Pb-Zn mineralization has occurred in the Xidamingshan mining district and Late Cretaceous magmatic-hydrothermal Bi-W-Zn-Pb-Ag mineralization in the west of it. It provides new ideas and directions for future exploration in the Xidamingshan mining district. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rice is the staple food and its cultivation requires a specific land condition. The population growth, urbanization, and plantation expansion together with socio-economic development are the driving factors of the riceland decline in Deli Serdang Regency of North Sumatera, Indonesia. As a consequence, likely availability and sustainability of rice production are threatened. Hence, it is important to understand how the future landuse and population change will affect the riceland area and production. In the lack of spatially simulated information for the future which could be useful in planning the riceland areas, the study objectives were to project the landuse change by 2040 under three scenarios, Business as Usual (BAU), Potential Riceland Protection (PRP) and Conservation Oriented (CO), and to investigate the impact of consumption demand on the sustainability of rice production. Landsat satellite data of 2009 and 2018, several spatial GIS data, and survey data were analyzed in ArcGIS, Dyna-CLUE, and SPSS software to generate the landuse classification and to simulate the future landuses; while the population projection by 2040 was derived from a Geometric Model. The results showed that forest and riceland areas will decrease with the continuous increase of plantation and urban areas under BAU scenario, but could be protected and increased under PRP scenario. The sustainability of rice production depends not only on the total riceland area, but also the productivity, the population growth, the consumption rate, and the policy. The simulated results of three scenarios serve as an important input to planning for protecting the riceland areas and thus sustained rice production in Deli Serdang Regency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research delves into the examination of the authority exercised by Sultan Ma'mun Al-Rasyid Perkasa Alamsyah in the establishment of Islamic institutions within the historical context of the Deli Sultanate spanning from 1817 to 1924. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach rooted in the study of history and civilization, this study sheds light on the notable achievements of Sultan Ma'mun Al-Rasyid in the realm of Islamic institutional development. Notable outcomes of this research include the enduring legacy of the Great Mosque of Al-Mashu'n and various other mosques that continue to thrive today. Furthermore, it highlights the Sultan's commitment to the implementation of Sharia policies within his domain, alongside his unwavering support for the clergy and mufti, thereby underscoring the pivotal role played by his authority in nurturing Islamic institutions during this period. This study illuminates the significant contributions of Sultan Ma'mun Al-Rasyid in shaping the religious and cultural landscape of the Deli Sultanate and underscores the lasting impact of his reign on Islamic institutions in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Staphylococcal food poisoning is one of the most prevalent causes of foodborne intoxication worldwide. Sandwiches and desserts are susceptible to contamination by S. aureus due to the high proportion of manual work during their production. Our study aimed to evaluate the impact of storage conditions on staphylococcal enterotoxin production in sandwiches and buttercream puffs. Foods were inoculated with different S. aureus strains capable of producing type A, B, and C staphylococcal enterotoxins and incubated at 15, 25, and 30 °C. During the storage, samples were analysed for S. aureus counts and for staphylococcal enterotoxins. An enzyme-linked fluorescence assay was used to detect staphylococcal enterotoxins. The influence of inappropriate storage on S. aureus growth and staphylococcal enterotoxin production was evaluated. No staphylococcal enterotoxins were detected in sandwiches stored for 72 h at any of the tested temperatures. In buttercream puffs, enterotoxins type A, B, and C were detected within 24 h of storage at 25 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. The aim of this study is to evaluate near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) for the verification of nutrition declaration on food labels of selected Polish deli products. The accurate declaration of nutritional information is very important for food manufacturers due to legal requirements and for maintaining the image of a trustworthy business. Laboratory analysis is the golden standard, but it is also time consuming and requires infrastructure to run the processing of the samples safely. The alternative solution, NIR, is a rapid, cost-effective, and safe analytical technique which is already used in food industry, however, so far, there is no information on the performance of this method in relation to the verification of nutritional declarations on the labels of processed foods. Materials and methods. In this work, the performance of previously developed NIR calibrations for three groups of Polish deli foods, containing meat (DM), cheese (DC), and pasta (DP), is evaluated. In each product group, between 29 and 50 products have been analysed. Samples were analysed simultaneously using NIR as well as traditional laboratory techniques. Then the differences of the measurements between the NIR prediction and the analytical results were compared with the label declaration tolerance levels set by the European Commission. Results. The developed NIR calibrations allow the fibre and carbohydrate contents to be predicted in compliance with tolerance levels in all three product groups for 100% of the analysed samples. Any remaining nutrients which need to be declared on the label are predicted correctly in 100% of the samples within at least one group of analysed Polish deli foods. The only exception is the content of saturates which is predicted correctly in 83-97% of the samples. These results indicate that NIR could aid food manufacturers in reducing the number of non-compliant nutrition declarations by 9 to 27%. Conclusions. The NIR method is a rapid solution that can effectively support food manufacturers in reducing the number of incorrectly labelled food products, controlling compliance with the recipe, and demonstrating due diligence to ensure that the information about the nutritional value of the purchased food is appropriate. Further research should focus on including a wider variety of products into calibration sets to ensure even better performance of NIR for prediction of the nutritional value of processed foods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Indonesian economy has been severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The impact of the pandemic on the performance of MSMEs (Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises) is important to study as they contribute up to 35% to the National Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Indonesia. Therefore, this study was conducted to map the performance of MSMEs in the Deli Serdang Regency of Indonesia and recommend strategies for increasing their competitiveness during and after the pandemic. The study included MSMEs from three sub-districts of Deli Serdang Regency (Pantai Labu, Percut Sei, and Tuan and Hamparan Perak) that had managed to survive the pandemic. The sample in this research were MSME centers that carried out raw material processing into finished goods and the marketing activities thereafter (purposive sampling). The sample size was determined using the Krejcie-Morgan formula with a 90% confidence level, which amounted to 90 MSME businesses. Data were analyzed using the SWOT analysis technique. The implications of this study are as follows: MSMEs must build strategies to maintain their performance such as minimizing promotions by fostering relationships with customers, reducing production capacity, promoting products online, purchasing raw materials online, and cash assistance for working capital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]