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This was a cross-sectional observational study that aimed to determine the frequency of malnutrition in adult patients with stage V chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis. The sample consisted of 105 adult patients diagnosed stage V chronic kidney disease who received hemodialysis at the "Virgen de la Puerta" High Complexity Hospital in Trujillo, Peru. We applied the Malnutrition-Inflammation Score (MIS), 97 (92.4%) patients presented malnutrition, of which 20% had mild malnutrition, 37.1% had moderate malnutrition and 35.3% had severe malnutrition; only 8 patients (7.6%) presented normal nutritional status. In conclusion, we found a high frequency of malnutrition among patients diagnosed with stage V chronic kidney disease receiving hemodialysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Nutrición Clínica y Dietética Hospitalaria is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Dietetica y Ciencias de la Alimentacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Nutrición Clínica y Dietética Hospitalaria is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Dietetica y Ciencias de la Alimentacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: The maintenance of an appropriate nutritional state is fundamental in people with respiratory diseases, since malnutrition can cause negative effects in the respiratory system and affect its musculature, the lung parenchyma, as well as the immune system. Objective: To determine the prediction charge of the nutritional state when admitted to the institution and the artificial mechanical ventilation on the unfavorable clinical course of patients with acute chronic obstructive lung disease. Methods: A descriptive, applied and explanatory study was carried out on 39 patients with acute chronic obstructive lung disease, who were admitted to the Intensive and Intermediate Care Service of Saturnino Lora Torres Teaching Clinical-Surgical Provincial Hospital in Santiago de Cuba, from October, 2022 to November, 2023. Results: There was a prevalence of the 65 and over age group (64.1 %); on his arrival at the service, 24.1 % of the patients presented altered albumin, 56,4 % was undernourished and invasive mechanical artificial ventilation prevailed (53.8 %). The deficiency malnutrition on admission constituted a significant causal factor (p = 0.029) with unfavorable clinical course in those affected and exposed to this risk [OR = 6.22; I.C 95%: 1.21; 32.02]. Conclusions: This study indicated that malnutrition on admission of the patients with acute chronic obstructive lung disease constitutes a prediction factor of unfavorable clinical course. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: fast peritoneal transport (FT) has been associated with peritoneal albumin loss and protein energy wasting (PEW); however, this relationship has not been fully studied. Aim: the aim of this study was to analyze the differences in nutritional parameters between fast-transport peritoneal membrane (FT-PET) and slow-transport peritoneal membrane (ST-PET), and analyze the association between FT-PET and PEW in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Methods: a cross-sectional study of patients on PD. Peritoneal transport characteristics were assessed using the peritoneal equilibration test (PET). Malnutrition inflammation score (MIS) was used for PEW identification. Clinical and biochemical characteristics between patients with and without PEW were assessed. Association between FT-PET status and PEW were evaluated using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results: a total of 143 patients were included. FT-PET group showed a higher prevalence of hypoalbuminemia, edema, lower phase angle, lower energy intake, and higher values of MIS score. FT-PET was significantly associated with PEW on univariate (OR: 3.5, 95 % CI: 1.56-7.83, p = 0.002) and multivariate models (OR: 2.6, 95 % CI: 1.02-6.6, p = 0.04). This association was maintained in patients where baseline PET was performed after initiating PD therapy (OR: 6.2, 95 % CI: 1.01-38.6, p = 0.04). Conclusion: FT-PET is associated with PEW evaluated by MIS score. Clinical trials to study nutritional interventions personalized to peritoneal-membrane transport characteristics should be designed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: in colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery, preoperative nutritional factors are often overlooked or underestimated. This situation represents a significant deficiency that may negatively affect patients' postoperative recovery processes. Objective: the objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of preoperative malnutrition, sarcopenia, obesity, and dietary inflammatory potential on early postoperative outcomes in CRC. Methods: preoperative sarcopenia was identified using European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) criteria based on skeletal muscle obtained from computed tomography (CT) scans, and malnutrition was identified using Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria. Visceral and subcutaneous obesity were assessed using CT scans. The energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII) was calculated from dietary records. Results: a total of 121 patients were included in the study, and 45.5 % of them were malnourished according to GLIM, 15.7 % were sarcopenic according to EWGSOP2. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that sarcopenia [OR = 3.973 (1.028-15.353), p = 0.043], malnutrition [OR = 3.954 (1.479-10.575), p = 0.006], and E-DII [OR = 4.955 (1.397-17.571), p = 0.013] were independent risk factors for complications. Sarcopenia [OR = 6.894 (1.080-43.998), p = 0.041] was also risk factor for long-term hospitalization. Conclusion: a comprehensive evaluation of preoperative nutrition and related factors in CRC surgery, along with timely interventions, has the potential to significantly reduce postoperative complications and length of hospital stays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: cancer and its treatments have been associated with poor nutritional status in children and adolescents. Objective: to establish the nutritional risk of pediatric patients and the degree of food and nutritional insecurity in the homes of children and adolescents with cancer who have been hospitalized in a high complexity pediatric oncology center. Methods: a prospective observational study conducted at the Fundación Hospital Pediátrico la Misericordia - HOMI. It included a sample of 41 children and adolescents aged 0 to 17 years and 11 months with a diagnosis of childhood cancer during the study period. The participants recruited during hospitalization had the application of the SCAN nutritional screening tool for childhood cancer, Spanish version, validated in HOMI and the Latin American and Caribbean Scale of Food and Nutritional Security - ELCSA, adapted and validated in Colombia. Results: 76 % (n = 31) of the patients were classified as "At risk of malnutrition" using the SCAN-SP nutritional screening tool. It was observed that 56 % of all households had a proportion of food insecurity, of which the classification of food insecurity was mild in 29 %, moderate in 20 % and severe in 7 % of households with children under 18 years of age. Conclusion: in the framework of the nutritional care process, it is important to take into account factors that include a complete nutritional risk assessment and evaluation that includes the measurement of food security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: make a multidisciplinary review about sarcopenia, with the goal to contribute with the diffusion on this topic on the medical community, promote early diagnostic, timely treatment and association with other diseases. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A narrative and retrospective review about sarcopenia was made from the years 2010 to 2023, in the platforms; Academic Google, Elsevier, PubMed, Scielo, ASPEN, ESPEN, NCBI, Clinicalkey, Sciencedirect, EBSCO, Research Gate, Scopus, RIMA, Cochrane, EMBASE, Medline, Ovid, JAMA, PRISMA, Tripdatabase, EMBASE. With the following key words: sarcopenia, muscular quantity and quality, muscular force and performance, primary and secondary sarcopenia. The work was made from January to may 2023. From 1217 sources, 307 were included giving preference to randomized clinical trials and metaanalysis excluding those that contained repetitive information, without free access, low impact magazines, opinions and letters to the editor. The Mexican College of Clinical Nutrition and Nutritional Therapy, summoned an interdisciplinary work group taking into account the clinical exercise in the area. RESULTS: in this work, the relevant information is presented for the correct diagnostic of sarcopenia, its impact in health, interactions with other pathologies and the bases it provides for its opportune management. CONCLUSIONS: this review let us understand the importance of the diagnostic and therapy of sarcopenia, its relationship with age, other diseases and its contribution in the risk of other adverse endpoints. Sarcopenia is widely underestimated in the clinical practice, we encourage intentional screening and timely treatment with the goal to reduce the morbimortality associated with this condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: this study aimed to explore the agreements between the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) using left calf circumference (CC) as criterion for reduced muscle mass and the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA), or GLIM using appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI) for the diagnosis of malnutrition in gastric cancer patients. Methods: the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002) was used as nutritional risk screening. PG-SGA and GLIM were applied for malnutrition diagnosis. Agreements were evaluated by Kappa, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), accuracy, and area under the curve (AUC). Results: a total of 405 gastric cancer patients were included. The values of Kappa, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, accuracy and AUC were 0.463, 67.9 %, 87.3 %, 92.9 %, 52.8 %, 73.6 % and 0.776, and 0.496, 76.7 %, 78.0 %, 89.4 %, 57.9 %,77.0 % and 0.773, respectively, between GLIM using CC with or without NRS 2002 and PG-SGA. All values of agreement were higher than 0.800 or 80.0 % between GLIM using left CC and GLIM using ASMI. Conclusion: the agreements were both acceptable between GLIM using left CC and PG-SGA, and GLIM using ASMI. Left calf circumference can be one of the credible references indicating a reduced muscle mass in patients with gastric cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: symptom clusters (SCs) are highly prevalent among patients diagnosed with primary liver cancer. Malnutrition poses a heightened risk for a more pronounced total symptom cluster score. Objective: this study aimed to identify SCs and assess the nutritional status of patients undergoing transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). Furthermore, it aimed to investigate the association between nutritional status and symptom clusters. Methods: primary liver cancer patients who were scheduled to receive TACE were recruited. Symptoms data were collected using the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory (MDASI-C) and the Symptom Module specific to Primary Cancer (TSM-PLC). Nutritional assessment relied on the Nutritional Risk Screening-2002 (NRS-2002) and blood biochemistry. The SCs were extracted using exploratory factor analysis, while the relationship between SCs and nutritional status was evaluated using Spearman correlation analysis. Results: the study included 226 patients, four distinct symptom clusters emerged: emotional-psychological symptom cluster, upper gastrointestinal symptom cluster, post-embolization-related symptom cluster, and liver function impairment symptom cluster. 68.14 % of patients were found to be at high risk of malnutrition. Our study revealed significant differences in Scs scores between patients at risk of malnutrition and those without such risk (p < 0.050). Notably, we observed a positive correlation between NRS-2002 scores and the scores of all symptom clusters (r = 0.205 to 0.419, p < 0.001), while a negative correlation was observed between prealbumin levels and the scores of all symptom clusters (r = -0.183 to -0.454, p < 0.001). Conclusion: the study highlights the high risk of malnutrition among liver cancer patients receiving TACE and the positive correlation between high malnutrition risk and Scs scores. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this review is to study the relationship between food insecurity (FI) and malnutrition in schoolchildren from low-and middle-income countries (LMIC). The review was conducted using the databases PubMed, MEDLINE, CENTRAL, LILACS and SCiELO during the months of March to April 2022 without language or publication date restrictions. The search strategy consisted of combinations of text words and controlled vocabulary (MeSH terms and DeCS) related to "schoolchildren", "low- and middle-income countries" and "food insecurity". Fifteen studies were included in this review. Studies assessing FI and undernutrition in LMIC schoolchildren have indicated that FI is associated with lower height-for-age and higher prevalence of undernutrition overall. Only two studies identified a positive risk association between FI and overweight and obesity, the remaining studies suggested that schoolchildren with FI have a lower risk of overweight and obesity than those without FI. The review suggests a link between FI and undernutrition in schoolchildren from LMIC, with controversial results on overweight and obesity. Comprehensive public health policies should consider contextual and population-specific factors in addressing FI's impact on nutritional status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Chronic mesenteric ischemia is a rare entity, with a prevalence of 0.03%, where more than 90% are due to arteriosclerotic disease that mainly affects the superior mesenteric artery. Its symptoms are chronic abdominal pain and weight loss, associated with imaging alterations that make the diagnosis. Treatment depends on the patient's clinical conditions and the number of vessels involved. It is clear that symptomatic multivessel disease requires revascularization. Clinical case. A 67-year-old woman, an active smoker with a history of high blood pressure and dyslipidemia, presented with an emergency-type hypertensive crisis that required management in the Intensive Care Unit. A diagnosis of Crawford IV thoracoabdominal aneurysm, aorto-iliac occlusion (TASC D), and chronic occlusion of the celiac trunk and superior mesenteric artery was made. Due to the symptoms of chronic mesenteric ischemia, she underwent surgical treatment with aorto-bifemoral bypass plus retrograde bypass to the superior mesenteric artery via an open approach. Result. The patient had improvement in symptoms and gained 13% weight at 3-month follow-up. Conclusion. Chronic mesenteric ischemia is an underdiagnosed condition, a marker of cardiovascular risk, with a high burden of morbidity and mortality, in which, with early identification, revascularization therapy can be offered, either endovascularly or open, in order to improve quality of life and weight gain, and avoiding intestinal necrosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La transición nutricional genera gran impacto en la salud de las personas, especialmente en los países más pobres. La globalización, la industrialización y otros factores socioambientales han cambiado las dietas y los patrones alimentarios, lo que ha conllevado a un aumento en las enfermedades crónicas y de malnutrición en poblaciones vulnerables como las comunidades indígenas, afectando principalmente a los niños. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la alimentación actual y su impacto en el estado nutricional de los niños menores de cinco años pertenecientes a las comunidades Embera Katio del resguardo indígena Gito Dokabú. Se evaluó el estado nutricional de estos menores utilizando los índices antropométricos de peso para la talla según los estándares de la Organización Mundial de la Salud [OMS] (2006). Se indagó, a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas realizadas a los padres de los menores, sobre la frecuencia de consumo de los diferentes grupos de alimentos según las Guías Alimentarias colombianas. La investigación contó con la aprobación del Comité de Ética de la Universidad de Caldas y el consentimiento de los padres. Como resultado, se observó una baja prevalencia de desnutrición (1,74%) pero un alto riesgo de sobrepeso (21%). Se destaca el alto consumo de alimentos del grupo 1 (arroz, plátano y maíz) y la baja ingesta de alimentos del grupo 2 (frutas y verduras). La introducción de alimentos exógenos y el cambio en las preferencias hacia alimentos menos salu dables son factores que afectan la alimentación de las comunidades indígenas del resguardo Gito Dokabú.

Introduction: intestinal failure (IF) is an organic failure classified into three types (I-III); it conditions inability to absorb nutrients and water, so parenteral nutrition (PN) is required. Objective: to evaluate the characteristics of hospitalized patients with IF, and their association with clinical and nutritional outcomes. Methods: historical cohort of hospitalized adults with IF and PN. Variables of the nutritional care process (screening, anthropometric, biochemical, clinical, nutritional), mortality and hospital stay were recorded. Results: six hundred and ninety-seven patients aged 56 (41-68) years, 327 women (46.8 %), with body mass index (BMI) 22.4 (18.3-25.9), were included. Diagnosis: 577 patients with IF-I, 96 patients with IF-II, and 24 patients with IF-III. The most frequent causes were malignant neoplasms, IF-I (26.7 %) and surgical complications in IF-II (21.9 %) and IF-III (37.5 %). The most common pathophysiology in all types of IF was motility disorders (40.6 % in IF-I; 43.8 % in IF-II; 33.8 % in IF-III). The majority of patients had high nutritional risk (92.4 %) and refeeding syndrome (65.6 % high and very high). In acute IF (FI-I) compared to prolonged IF (If-II/IF-III) there is a higher BMI (p = 0.039), visceral fat (p = 0.041) and over-hydration (p = 0.014), but they have a smaller phase angle (p = 0.004), with a lower adequacy percentage than what is prescribed in relation to their energy expenditure (p < 0.001). Conclusions: during the nutritional care process there are differences between the types of IF, which are relevant to optimize their multidisciplinary management and avoid related complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Opuntia Brava is the property of Universidad de Ciencias Pedagogicas de Las Tunas, Centro de Documentacion e Informacion Pedagogica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Nutrición Clínica y Dietética Hospitalaria is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Dietetica y Ciencias de la Alimentacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Resumen: El objetivo del estudio fue estimar la prevalencia de malnutrición por indicadores antropométricos agrupados y describir los factores sociodemográficos, alimentarios y condiciones de salud determinantes de malnutrición en personas mayores colombianas. Se realizó un análisis secundario del estudio Salud, Bienestar y Envejecimiento (SABE) Colombia, 2015. Incluyó 23.694 personas ≥ 60 años. La malnutrición por exceso se definió agrupando dos indicadores: índice de masa corporal (IMC) y circunferencia de cintura; el déficit de peso se definió agrupando el IMC y las circunferencias de brazo y pantorrilla. Para asociar la malnutrición con variables sociodemográficas, alimentarias y condiciones de salud se usó la prueba chi-cuadrado y para determinar la heterogeneidad de la malnutrición se realizó un análisis de clases latentes. El exceso de peso fue 31,9%; mientras que el déficit de peso según IMC y circunferencia de pantorrilla fue 7,9%, e incrementó a 18,8%, al tener en cuenta además la circunferencia del brazo. Se generaron cinco clases latentes para malnutrición, clase 1: sin exceso de peso y con deterioro en condiciones de salud; clase 2: sin déficit de peso y con deterioro en condiciones de salud; clase 3: sin malnutrición ni deterioro en condiciones de salud; clase 4: exceso de peso y multimorbilidad, y clase 5: bajo consumo de alimentos proteicos sin déficit ni exceso de peso. Se concluye que existe una prevalencia de malnutrición elevada en las personas mayores, representando más el exceso que el déficit. Tanto los factores sociodemográficos, alimentarios y condiciones de salud, se asocian de forma diferente al exceso que al déficit de peso.

Background and objectives: Malnutrition caused by low economic income is a social problem that involves malnutrition as a direct factor in increasing morbidity and mortality. Although malnutrition is considered a low prevalence event in Colombia, its impact is significant. Method: In this study, an ecological analysis was carried out using DANE data on mortality due to malnutrition in Colombia in 2020. Mortality rates per 100,000 people were calculated and compared according to sex and origin (departments). Findings: The results indicated that 1,756 people died from malnutrition in 2020, with a national mortality rate of 3.49 per 100,000 inhabitants. No significant variation in the rate was found. There were no significant differences in the rate according to sex. In Guainía, the mortality rate due to malnutrition was the highest, with 11.0 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants, while, in San Andrés, the rate was the lowest, with 1.57 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants. La Guajira registered the highest mortality rate due to malnutrition in the Caribbean region. Also, compared to the population of the Colombian capital, Bogotá, the population of the Colombian Caribbean presented a 4.62 times greater risk of death due to malnutrition. Conclusion: The findings highlight the importance of addressing the problem of malnutrition in Colombia, particularly in areas with high mortality rates. From an economic point of view, malnutrition has a significant impact on society. The premature death of people suffering from malnutrition means a loss of human and productive capital for the country. Furthermore, malnutrition can lead to disabilities and chronic diseases, which also have a negative impact on the economy.

Resumen Introducción: Este estudio comparativo analiza proyectos de desnutrición infantil desde la etapa prenatal hasta los 2 años en las comunidades “Guamote “provincia de Chimborazo y “La Esperanza” provincia de Imbabura durante el período 2020 al 2023, centrándose en las características demográficas, socioeconómicas, estrategias de implementación y efectividad de los programas. Método: Se aplico un enfoque mixto, combinando datos cuantitativos estadísticos y cualitativos etnográficos, recopilados del Sistema Unificado y Universal de Seguimiento Nominal y la Encuesta Nacional sobre Desnutrición Infantil, analizando indicadores como el porcentaje de niños con bajo peso al nacer, asistencia prenatal, anemia, calidad del agua, lactancia y servicios de salud. Resultados: La desnutrición infantil en Chimborazo alcanzó el 35.1% en niños menores de 2 años, mientras que en Imbabura fue del 16.2%, influido por factores socioeconómicos y culturales, así como a la efectividad de los programas implementados. Se observaron mejoras en los indicadores de salud infantil en ambas comunidades, sin embargo, Guamote mostró mayores desafíos debido a su situación económica y menor acceso a servicios de salud. Conclusiones: Se destaca la necesidad de adaptar intervenciones a realidades locales para optimizar la efectividad de los programas. Este análisis proporciona lecciones valiosas sobre la implementación de proyectos de nutrición en zonas rurales, fundamentales para diseñar políticas de salud pública pertinentes y sostenibles, subrayando la importancia de estrategias personalizadas en la lucha contra la desnutrición infantil en Ecuador.

Introducción. El alta hospitalaria de los pacientes con COVID-19 no implica una recuperación total. El COVID prolongado afecta el 50 a 70% de los casos hospitalizados y tiene implicaciones físicas y económicas. Objetivo. Identificar la prevalencia de limitación funcional y los factores asociados al riesgo nutricional a un mes de egreso en pacientes atendidos por COVID-19. Metodología. Estudio descriptivo transversal realizado en adultos con COVID-19 (julio 2020 a febrero 2021), se realizó seguimiento telefónico 30 días del egreso. Se realizó un modelo de regresión logística, en el que se consideró el riesgo nutricional al ingreso hospitalario como variable dependiente y las variables clínicas del seguimiento a 30 días como factores explicativos. Resultados. Se incluyeron 852 pacientes, 65,22% de sexo femenino con mediana de 56 años, 21.59% fueron admitidos en UCI. El modelo de regresión logística mostró que los factores asociados que se encontraron fue presentar dificultad para pasar los alimentos (OR: 5,40 [2,11 – 13,9]), tener pérdida de peso al ingreso hospitalario (OR: 2,13 [1,07 – 4,24]), presentar disminución de la fuerza (OR: 2,69 [1,63 – 4,44]) y tener dificultad para realizar actividades de la vida cotidiana (OR: 1.92 [1,03 – 3,58]). Conclusión. La prevalencia del riesgo nutricional a los 30 días de egreso en pacientes con COVID-19 fue del 15,72%; los factores asociados que se encontraron fue presentar dificultad para pasar los alimentos, tener pérdida de peso al ingreso hospitalario, presentar disminución de la fuerza en miembros superiores e inferiores y tener dificultad para realizar actividades de la vida cotidiana. Financiamiento: Clínicas Colsanitas y Fundación Universitaria Sanitas

Introducción: la estancia prolongada en la unidad de terapia intensiva (UTI) es un factor de riesgo de desnutrición. Una intervención nutricional temprana con rehabilitación hospitalaria intensiva permite recuperar la fuerza muscular y el estado nutricional. Objetivo: determinar la evolución del estado nutricional de pacientes post-UTI por COVID-19 en una sala de rehabilita- ción (SaRIP). Métodos: estudio descriptivo, prospec- tivo en pacientes internados en la SaRIP luego de estancia prolongada en la UTI por COVID-19. Se evaluó peso e índice de masa corporal (IMC) en tres momentos, estado nutricional según la valoración glo- bal subjetiva (VGS) y fuerza muscular con dinamometría manual en dos momentos. Se calculó la media y la desviación están- dar (DE), y se evaluó la asociación entre variables con la prueba chi-cuadrado o la de Fisher y Wilcoxon, considerándose un nivel de significancia de p

Introducción: La presencia de sobrepeso y obesidad aumentan la morbimortalidad de la población latinoamericana. La deficiencia de micronutrientes como el calcio y la vitamina D se han relacionado con un aumento del riesgo de obesidad. Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre la ingesta de vitamina D y de calcio con los factores de riesgo para obesidad en la población urbana costarricense incluidas en el Estudio ELANS. Materiales y métodos: Se incluyeron 798 participantes costarricenses del Estudio ELANS. Se determinó la distribución del consumo de calcio y vitamina D según las características socioeconómicas, la actividad física y los datos antropométricos. Se compararon los grupos con las pruebas U de Mann – Whitney y Kruskal-Wallis. Se realizaron modelos de regresión lineal y logística. Resultados: El consumo de calcio y vitamina D fue inadecuado en más del 98% de los participantes. Las mujeres, las personas con menor nivel socioeconómico, baja actividad física, de menor edad, con exceso de peso y obesidad abdominal presentaron un consumo menor de calcio y de vitamina D. El consumo de calcio y vitamina D es mayor en los grupos que tienen un menor IMC (p= 0,023 para calcio y p= 0,252 para vitamina D). Las personas con menor circunferencia de la cintura tuvieron más consumo de calcio y vitamina D (p= 0,002 para calcio y p= 0,008 para vitamina D). No hubo asociación del consumo en los modelos de regresión. Conclusiones: El consumo de calcio y vitamina D es deficiente en la población urbana costarricense y, presentó una relación inversa con el IMC.

Introduction: the objective of the study was to assess the efficacy of an individualized dietary adaptation to achieve nutritional requirements in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Methodology: a pilot study of a nutritional intervention in patients undergoing HSCT. A nutritional assessment was performed the first 24 hours of admission and every 48-72 hours until discharge, or + 40 days after the transplant, making dietary adaptations. Results: 25 patients were recruited. According to MUST, 92.0 % (n = 23) were well nourished at the initial visit, with a loss of 2.1 (3.8) kg and a BMI of 26.4 kg/m2 (4.2). Before HSCT, there was already a decrease in intake of 15.4 (23.5) % and in body weight of 0.2 (3.2) kg; after the HSCT, the weight loss was 3.4 (5.0) kg and the decrease in intake was 6.5 (30.4) %. The predominant symptoms were mucositis (60 %), nausea (60 %), and diarrhea (44 %). The diet was adapted in 100 % of the patients, 52 % received oral nutritional support (ONS) (n = 13); enteral nutrition (EN) and parenteral nutrition (PN) were used only once. Conclusion: the nutritional status of patients undergoing HSCT is normal on admission but deteriorates during transplantation and prior conditioning. Dietary intervention is key to maintaining oral intake and reducing the risk of malnutrition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: teleconsultation is a useful healthcare tool in the multidisciplinary management of patients with indications of home enteral nutrition (HEN). The use of different teleconsultation platforms, as it happens in the Andalusian Health System (SAS), results in heterogeneous referral processes between Primary Care and hospital services in the same region. Objectives: to establish a consensus on patient profiles and the minimum data set necessary to guarantee an adequate referral to NED teleconsultation regardless of the existing platform. These agreed aspects in Andalusia can serve as a reference in other regions. Methods: three consecutive steps were followed: a) non-systematic review of the indexed literature on teleconsultation in clinical nutrition in Spain; b) survey to know the implementation and unmet needs of teleconsultation platforms in Andalusian public hospitals; and c) working meetings and consensus of 14 health professionals of Primary Care (n = 4) and endocrinology and hospital clinical nutrition (n = 10). Results: three referral forms were agreed in which three patient profiles were defined, with the corresponding minimum set of data necessary to request NED teleconsultation. The Primary Care team should provide this set of data to the clinical nutrition specialist via a teleconsultation platform, implemented in the SAS. Conclusions: three agreed forms between healthcare professionals involved in the referral process serve to standardize the request for teleconsultation of NED between healthcare teams based on patient profiles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a multifactorial disorder. A possible role of the social network and the gut microbiota in pathogenesis has been added. Exogenous shocks such as the COVID19 pandemic have had a negative impact on patients with AN. The potential medical and nutritional impact of malnutrition and/or compensatory behaviors gives rise to a complex disease with a wide range of severity, the management of which requires a multidisciplinary team with a high level of subject matter expertise. Coordination between levels of care is necessary as well as understanding how to transition the patient from pediatric to adult care is essential. A proper clinical evaluation can detect possible complications, as well as establish the organic risk of the patient. This allows caregivers to tailor the medical-nutritional treatment for each patient. Reestablishing adequate nutritional behaviors is a fundamental pillar of treatment in AN. The design of a personalized nutritional treatment and education program is necessary for this purpose. Depending on the clinical severity, artificial nutrition may be necessary. Although the decision regarding the level of care necessary at diagnosis or during follow-up depends on a number of factors (awareness of the disease, medical stability, complications, suicidal risk, outpatient treatment failure, psychosocial context, etc.), outpatient treatment is the most frequent and most preferred choice. However, more intensive care (total or partial hospitalization) may be necessary in certain cases. In severely malnourished patients, the appearance of refeeding syndrome should be prevented during renourishment. The presence of AN in certain situations (pregnancy, vegetarianism, type 1 diabetes mellitus) requires specific care. Physical activity in these patients must also be addressed correctly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The present document has the objective of justifying the incorporation of a dietician/nutritionist to the multidisciplinary teams of specialized care that provide education, food anamnesis, nutritional recommendations, treatment and follow up of those patients in risk of malnutrition in Madrid. The appropriate nutritional status of hospitalized patients bears a close relationship with the existence of dieticians at hospitals. Dieticians use nutrition therapy as a cost-effective means to achieve significant health benefits by preventing or altering the course of diabetes, obesity, hypertension, lipid metabolism disorders, heart failure, osteoporosis, celiac disease, and chronic kidney disease, among other diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: malnutrition in cancer patients is quite common and can cause various types of harm such as reduced tolerance to therapeutic measures and increased hospital stay. Identification of nutritional risk for these patients may minimize these problems. NUTRISCORE screening has been associated with Global Subjective Assessment Produced by Patient (ASG-PPP) screening, which is considered as the gold standard in cancer patients. No study has evaluated its predictive value in relation to weight loss and length of hospital stay in Brazil. Thus, the present study aims to analyze the NUTRISCORE tool, translated and adapted to the Brazilian population, as a predictor of longer hospital stays, as well as greater hospital weight loss. Methods: first, the NUTRISCORE tool was translated and adapted to the Brazilian population and subsequently applied to patients of both sexes, over 20 years old, admitted to the Cancer Hospital of Pernambuco. The patients were screened and classified as nutritionally "at risk" or "not at risk", their weight was measured at the time of admission and time of discharge from the hospital, and they were followed up throughout their stay to assess their weight loss and length of hospital stay. Results: one hundred and one patients participated in the study, with a higher prevalence of adults and males. The NUTRISCORE showed that patients "at nutritional risk" had a higher risk of greater weight loss (p = 0.001) and longer hospital stay (p = 0.007). Conclusion: NUTRISCORE proved to be a good predictor of longer hospital stay and greater weight loss among hospitalized patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Más de 2000 millones de personas en el mundo padecen “hambre oculta” por insuficiencia de minerales y/o vitaminas en la dieta diaria. La situación del hambre en Perú pasó de 17.7 a 19.6 puntos de 2021 a 2022. La biofortificación de cultivos surgió como una iniciativa para ayudar a solucionar este problema mediante la producción de plantas con mayor contenido de zinc (Zn), hierro (Fe) y provitamina A (ProA) en el grano utilizando métodos de mejoramiento convencional (no transgénicos). Los resultados obtenidos en el Perú nos muestran que existen híbridos de maíz biofortificado, con alto contenido de Zn y ProA, y con muy buen potencial de rendimiento. Para el caso del maíz morado, con alto contenido de antocianinas, un fitoquímico que tiene efectos beneficiosos para la salud de las personas, se está estudiando la adaptación de las variedades en todo el país tanto para el rendimiento del grano como para el contenido de antocianinas. Resultados preliminares indican que hay claras diferencias entre variedades para rendimiento y contenido de antocianina en la coronta, brácteas y grano. La producción de maíz morado se ha cuadruplicado en los últimos 20 años por un mayor consumo interno y por el incremento en las exportaciones. Sin embargo, su contribución al Producto Bruto Interno (PBI) es muy baja: menor al 1 %; lo que es un reto y una oportunidad para desarrollar y transferir tecnología que incremente la producción y vincule al productor de maíz morado con el consumidor. En el caso de maíz de alta calidad de proteína (QPM), se ha liberado en el Perú un híbrido simple (QPM) de color amarillo intenso, con alto potencial de rendimiento y amplia adaptación.

Resumen En la provincia de Salta (Argentina), la desnutrición infantil constituye un problema de salud pública que afecta especialmente a las poblaciones infantiles de comunidades indígenas. Desde el gobierno provincial, el programa de Atención Primaria de la Salud implementa acciones socio-sanitarias hacia la población infantil desde los años 1980, mientras que más recientemente diversas Organizaciones no Gubernamentales (ONGs) adquirieron un fuerte impulso para dedicarse a la prevención y el tratamiento de déficits nutricionales. En este escenario, se realizó una investigación antropológica en sectores rurales de los departamentos de Orán, Rivadavia y Capital, con el objetivo de indagar en los modos de gestionar el cuidado de la población infantil. A través del análisis de registros etnográficos originales y fuentes secundarias, se describen las acciones que se implementan en la lucha contra la desnutrición, así como también los significados en torno al cuidado, la niñez y la “novedad” involucrada en las intervenciones de ciertas ONGs. Desde ambos espacios, encontramos tecnologías de gobierno que se inscriben en la gubernamentalidad neoliberal y sentidos similares en torno al cuidado infantil, sin embargo la perspectiva etnográfica permite encontrar tensiones en torno a los modos de comprender la alteridad cultural y diferencias entre los perfiles de quienes implementan las intervenciones.

Introducción: La desnutrición y la anemia son una causa importante de morbimortalidad en Colombia y el mundo. Entre las causas y/o factores de riesgo se pueden relacionar a grupos étnicos e indígenas, que por sus costumbres y creencias son una limitante para consultar a los centros de salud y, por el contrario, acuden a individuos con un prestigio social dentro de una comunidad “chamanes” en busca de conductas terapéuticas, lo cual es una barrera para el sistema de salud y un problema de salud pública Objetivo: Presentar el caso clínico de un paciente adolescente con desenlace fatal por manejo inadecuado de anemia grave y desnutrición severa. Caso clínico: Adolescente de 17 años, convivía con sus padres adultos mayores en área rural, fue encontrado en su domicilio con alteración de estado de conciencia, fiebre no cuantificada, cefalea global y epistaxis, remitido con diagnóstico síndrome anémico severo con reporte de hemoglobina de 3.3 gr/dl y desnutrición severa. Ingresó a urgencias en paro cardiorrespiratorio, iniciaron maniobras de reanimación avanzada, sin obtener respuesta de vitalidad, declarando la muerte. Conclusión:El manejo de cuadros anémicos a nivel rural es realizado mediante diferentes creencias y culturas que son trasmitidas de generación en generación, las cuales involucran serie de baños, brebajes, ungüentos y ensalmes, que por desconocimiento de las familias acuden a curanderos empíricos de las regiones a realizar mezclas de plantas o rituales para sanar los síntomas, omitiendo la importancia de acudir a una atención oportuna a centros médicos

Background: early detection, diagnosis and interdisciplinary and intersectoral treatment of nutritional deficiencies of women from the preconceptional risk are elements to work in the nursing care. Objective: to describe an action protocol for the nutritional care of women from preconception, with a biopsychosocial and cultural approach, according to the model of Madeleine Leininger, during four years of teaching experience in pre-practice Nurse in Primary Health Care in Barrio 4 de Febrero, Cabinda municipality, Angola. Methods: qualitative research using the action research method was performed on a sample of 60 women of childbearing age, with the characteristics specified in the objective. Interviews were applied during the home visit and observation validated by experts. The health situation analysis tool identified the main problems, psychosocial and cultural factors of the community that interfere in the healthy nutritional practice of women of childbearing age. Results: the analysis and synthesis of the information obtained showed in the students, as experience, the need for improvement and responsibility in professional practice. The study allowed the design of a protocol of nutritional action care-nurse of women of childbearing age with family-community participation, with three stages of implementation: assessment, intervention and evaluation. Conclusions: A protocol of nutritional action was developed for the nursing care of women of childbearing age, with three stages of implementation, contextualized to the community where the study was conducted.

The concept of the "quadruple burden of malnutrition" refers to the isolated or combined existence of four challenges in the field of human nutrition: 1) energy-protein malnutrition, 2) obesity, 3) malhydration, and 4) deficiency of one or severa micronutrients. Malnutrition deficiency, also called "hidden hunger" or for the authors micronutrientopenia, represents a global health problem, negatively impacts development, physical and mental well-being, productivity and the potential development of a better quality of life. Unlike malnutrition, the health effects derived from DM tend to be silent or of low expression and frequently underestimated. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that more than 2 billion people suffer from DM worldwide. This problem is especially common in low- and middle-income economies, where it particularly affects pregnant women and infants. In this manuscript we review how micronutrient deficiency ("micronutrientopenia") affects early life and its impact on health and the economy, so we propose to show the epidemiological significance of these deficiencies both globally and nationally, their level of impact biological and economic, as well as their opportunities for action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: dietary advice provided through a nutritional intervention program (NIP) is recommended by renal clinic guidelines to prevent or treat malnutrition, that could improve quality of life (QoL) and survival in hemodialysis (HD) patients. This study set out to evaluate the effect of a personalized NIP on the nutritional status and its impact on QoL and mortality in dialyzed patients. Material and methods: this was a 12-month intervention study with regular follow-up in which nutritional parameters were measured at baseline and after 6 and 12 months. QoL was assessed by the Kidney Disease Quality of Life version 1.2 (KDQOL-SF) at baseline and at the end of the study. All dialyzed patients received individualized consultations with a trained dietitian. The content of the nutritional education program included a personalized meal plan and educational materials addressing nutrition to manage fluids, electrolytes, and vitamin D. Results: a total of 75 patients were included. After the NIP, visceral proteins, phosphorous, potassium and vitamin D levels had improved significantly (p < 0.001). The percentage of well-nourished patients increased by 30 % (p < 0.001). At the end of the study, the well-nourished patients had significantly improved scores on the general summary areas of the KDQOL-SF, reduced worry concerning fluid and dietary restrictions (p < 0.001), and the survival rate was 12 months longer (p < 0.01). Conclusion: the results of this study suggest that personalized NIP contributed to improved nutritional status, QoL and survival in HD patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introducción. La isquemia mesentérica crónica es una entidad infrecuente, con una prevalencia de 0,03 %, donde más del 90 % son debidas a enfermedad arterioesclerótica que compromete principalmente la arteria mesentérica superior. Sus síntomas son dolor abdominal crónico y pérdida de peso, asociado a alteraciones imagenológicas que hacen el diagnóstico. El tratamiento depende de las condiciones clínicas del paciente y el número de vasos comprometidos. Es claro que la enfermedad multivaso sintomática requiere revascularización. Caso clínico. Mujer de 67 años, fumadora activa con antecedentes de hipertensión arterial y dislipidemia, con cuadro de crisis hipertensiva tipo urgencia que requirió manejo en Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. Se hizo diagnóstico de aneurisma toracoabdominal Crawford IV, oclusión aorto-ilíaca (TASC D) y oclusión crónica del tronco celíaco y la arteria mesentérica superior. Por los síntomas de isquemia mesentérica crónica fue llevada a tratamiento quirúrgico con baipás aorto-bifemoral más baipás retrógrado a la arteria mesentérica superior por vía abierta. Resultado. La paciente tuvo mejoría de la sintomatología y aumentó 13 % del peso al seguimiento a los 3 meses. Conclusión. La isquemia mesentérica crónica es una condición subdiagnosticada, marcador de riesgo cardiovascular, con alta carga de morbilidad y mortalidad, en la cual, con una identificación temprana se puede ofrecer una terapia de revascularización, sea por vía endovascular o abierta, con el fin de mejorar la calidad de vida y la ganancia de peso, y evitar la necrosis intestinal.