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International audience; with the permanent arrival of new technologies, electronic teaching consists nowadays of numerous updated fields and topics. However, connections and footpaths between them must be done by students. In that way, transdisciplinary projects were started in our electronic institute while respecting severe budget constraints. As example, we present here the complete design of a low cost scanning system for didactical applications. The design includes a LIDAR sensor, motor control system, a processing board with embedded open source software for processing data and generating a formatted VRML file able to be displayed with a 3D viewer, for a 3 dimensions visualization of the scanned environment. General context is highlighted. Global design and results are detailed. Lastly, pro and con's as well didactical and financial aspects are discussed within the context of global economic difficulties and budget reduction for education.

Since many years, our ENSEIRB-MATMECA electronic engineering school adopted a "learning by project" strategy, to improve motivation and knowledge appropriation for our students. In this paper, we highlight first some major evolutions in the student's behaviour which justifies this didactical evolution. Then, we give a typical example of project proposed to students in second year of study: control and navigation of a small scale electrical model car. Specifications and some design details are explained. Technical results and feedback from students are described before conclusion.

The electrodynamic strengths, as forces acting between the current-carrying electric circuits are wielded as long as the currents exist, and have the tendency of deformation and displacement of the circuits. In short-circuit regimes the strength in electrical equipment becomes severe. For instance, short-circuits highly affect power transformers connected to power transmission lines. The effects are also strong because of mechanical deformations occurring in the power transformer connection part. In line with this idea, in this paper it is made an analytical study upon the a.c. single-phase and a.c. three-phase electric circuits, taking into account the current instantaneous maximum value. The paper also entails numerical simulations of electrodynamic strength in power transformer busbars under short-circuit conditions. MATLAB software, with its specific extensions, enable simulation models to generate the charts of the electrodynamic forces in the power transformer connection bars.

International audience; Nowadays power generation is one of the greatest challenges of humanity in the framework ofSustainable Development. For example, as it is globally accepted sun tracking systems allows improvementof solar panel power ratio. In order to illustrate this concept, this paper presents the design and a behaviourmodelling of a two axis small scale system for future didactical applications. The principle of tracking isdescribed. Mathematical description is done and a mixed SPICE modelling of the system, includinggeometrical, optical, electronic linear and non-linear aspects is built. Simulations results are analysed.Practical mechanical and electronic designs are detailed, before conclusion. This small scale solar trackingsystem is now installed in a eco-friendly small scale house model.

International audience; Within the framework of sustainable development, University of Bordeaux participated twice in solardecathlon challenge. The aim of this university challenge is to build a true house with high technical performances.Competition between several universities leads to a ranking based on several strong criteria. The paper describesgeneral organisation of the project, technical and financial aspects, highlights education impacts and the necessarycollaboration between private companies, and several schools and departments of Bordeaux University. Finally, wepresent a small scale house derived from the true scale model built, which is now used in ENSEIRB-MATMECAschool for didactical lessons for the students of electronic department.

Since Rio de Janeiro conference (1992), Kyoto protocol and agenda 21 definitions, the necessity of areasonable development is currently admitted by scientific and political personalities. Recent COP21 conference in Paris confirmed the necessity of concrete actions for power saving and green gasses emission reduction. Building trade is one of the important contributors to green gasses emission and energy consumption. Thus, our academic project of “small scale greenhouse" was born in 2012 to show and to quantify this impact. After a short presentation of the small scale green house, an holistic approach of thermal performances and Carbon assessment is developed to demonstrate interest and ability of the small scale model.Experimental data are collected and a thermal modelling is proposed to study energy losses. Carbon assessment method is applied to our small scale house to quantify its contribution and to identify which actions can contribute to its improvement. The transdisciplinary aspects of this work are finally highlighted and some future evolutions are suggested

Erasmus agreement between faculty of electrical engineering of Craiova (Romania) and ENSEIRBMATMECA electronic school of Bordeaux (France) was started in 2013 firstly with professor exchanges.Transdisciplinary lectures on electronic and sustainable development were given and student’s meeting organized. In2016, two students from Craiova came in Bordeaux for a first collaborative project. The aim of this work was todesign electronics circuits and systems for a small scale ecological house model, within the framework of sustainabledevelopment. Several aspects as power saving, thermal insulation, weather data processing were investigated.This paper explains the general context of the student exchange, gives details about the technical design, resultsobtained before concluding.

Fidèle à l’esprit initial, cette seconde édition enrichie de l’électronique pour tous, … s’adresse à tous ceux qui, élèves de filières techniques, étudiants à l’Université, élèves DUT, BTS, Ingénieurs ayant déjà quelques notions techniques, enseignants, ou « hobbyiste » passionnés, souhaitent se familiariser et se perfectionner en électronique par une approche concrète, intuitive. Cette approche originale séduira les « cerveaux droits » et se pose comme un complément aux approches académiques classiques souvent très rationnelles et mathématiques.Basés sur des analogies de la vie de tous les jours et des explications de bon sens, les premiers chapitres sont consacrés aux notions de base, aux composants électroniques et fonctions élémentaires (filtrage, amplification, etc). Les chapitres suivants abordent des thèmes plus complexes : modulations numériques, circuits de puissance, découpage, conception de circuits à transistors, techniques de mesures etc. parfois peu développés dans la littérature, en privilégiant l’aspect compréhension et en limitant au minimum les développements mathématiques.Dans chaque chapitre, et à l’instar des F.A.Q (Foires Aux Questions sur internet), l’auteur a recensé de nombreuses questions que se posent les étudiants et y apporte des réponses simples et claires.

International audience

International audience; Electric vehicles have a relatively long charging time and a relatively short range. Estimating avehicle’s consumption and range is therefore crucial. Range will depend on the average speed, top speeds,ascent and descent, battery temperature and battery condition. Judging the range of a vehicle is thus not adirectly linear function of the distance to cover. This nonlinearity leads to mistrust, where a user cannot havetotal confidence in electric vehicles (bicycle, scooter, car ...). Moreover, the fail of only one cell of the batterycan reduce drastically the range or even lead the vehicle to stop. The user must be able to diagnose the batteryand its state of health to see if the proposed trip is feasible. This article presents a simple strategy to monitor thebehavior of the battery during charge and discharge and provides a quick diagnosis of each element and also ofthe whole battery. Then, it’s possible to determine the range remaining in a vehicle’s battery based on all theabove parameters. To find out if a vehicle can make a given journey without recharging, a web application forestimating the vehicle’s consumption was completed and successfully tested.

International audience

We present here a low cost electronic design for a new practical lesson called “thermal characterisation of powertransistor thermal impedance”. First, we describe the design using COTS components and open source software for practice oftemperature measurement and characterisation of electronic component. We explain how we checked and validated the designedtool. Lastly, didactical and financial aspects are discussed within the context of economic difficulties and budget reduction for education.

Since Rio de Janeiro conference (1992), Kyoto protocol and agenda 21 definitions, the necessity of a harmonious development is now admitted by a majority of scientific and political personalities. Even if sustainable development is a complex concept, which concerns a wide range of social, scientific, economical and environmental issues, each of us is able to do something for humanity evolution, in particular in the education field. Thus, our project started through an individual questioning of a few teachers, two years ago: What can we include in our research field and/or pedagogical thematic to have a concrete action in sustainable development, while respecting the mains scientific fields of our engineering school? The "small scale green house" project was born. We explain the main steps of the model design; It consists of a scaled hand made "green" house built with genuine materials and scaled power plants accessories like hydrogen fuel stack, solar tracking system, solar tower... Then, we give some concrete and various didactical applications such as thermal losses investigations, carbon assessment, solar tracking system electronic design to show the transdisciplinary aspects of this work. Finally, some future evolutions are suggested.

This paper presents an overview of Virtual Reality Modelling Language (VRML) abilities for didactical purpose. To address meaningfully the challenges of the VRML utilization, some trans-disciplinary aspects are highlighted in this study. One could note that VRML should be seen as a crossroad among different scientific and non scientific fields such as electronic, automatics, mechanics, mathematics and physics, architecture, and graphic arts. It can be used successfully in deep study, whatever the scientific level and origin of the students: secondary school pupils, undergraduate, postgraduate students or engineer school students. After a short presentation, this paper focuses on various application of VRML from psychological, artistic as well as technical point of views. An original comparison with CAD electronic software tools is done in order to help the understanding of VRML world, pros and cons are explained. Further, we give some technical details and concrete hand made examples which can be used as course material, and finally we emphasize the conclusion on our findings.

This work is a part of a wide Sustainable Development project started in ENSEIRB MATMECA School. A simplified and didactical small scale sun tracking system for pedagogical application and sensitizing actions is presented. Principle of tracking is described. A mixed SPICE modelling of the system, including geometrical, optical, electronic linear and non linear aspects is built. Simulations results are discussed. Electronic design is explained, experimental test are presented before conclusion.

Since Rio de Janeiro conference (1992), Kyoto protocol and agenda 21 definitions, the necessity of a harmonious development is now admitted by a majority of scientific and political personalities. Even if sustainable development is a complex concept, which concerns a wide range of social, scientific, economical and environmental issues, each of us is able to do something for humanity evolution, in particular in the education field. Thus, our project started through an individual questioning of a few teachers, two years ago: What can we include in our research field and/or pedagogical thematic to have a concrete action in sustainable development, while respecting the mains scientific fields of our engineering school? The "small scale green house" project was born. In this talk, we present the main steps of the model design; According to technical standards, a scaled hand made "green" house was first built with genuine and scaled power plants, others accessories like hydrogen fuel stack, solar tracking system, solar tower were added to make the model realistic and functional for experiments. Once finished, some concrete and various didactical experiments were performed. We give here example of thermal losses investigations, carbon assessment, and solar tracking system electronic design. The transdisciplinary aspects of this work are highlighted and finally, some future evolutions are suggested.

Glioblastoma is the most common highest-grade and lethal type of brain tumor, causing a high rate of death each year worldwide. Given the resistance of this tumor to standard surgery, radiation and chemotherapy, the consistent efforts to comprehensively profile glioblastomas using latest technologies are addressing this need. In line with this idea, this paper focuses to enhancing an understanding of the potentially useful corrélations between medicine field and electrical engineering, as parts of our knowledge about life, Nature and Universe. Analysis of variables specific to a biological system by type of tumor cell populations can be made by analogy with the electric structure of passive quadrupole type. The transfer function is determined directly through a complex electronic structures encompassing a RC (resistor, capacitance) quadrupole + operational amplifier OA. By evaluating in vitro of the cell line GB9B, derived from glioblastoma, (GB), and based on the analysis of residues is determined indirectly, and validates the transfer function. Mathematical model of transfer function type enables to simulate numerical 3D of the expression of the output quantity. The findings of this work supports the belief in the power of science, demonstrating the strong links between the research in medicine field and the electrical engineering outcomes.

The presented work is a part of a more global study who aims to introduce sustainable development in an engineering school. A full academic year was required to complete this realistic small scale "timber-frame construction" design. Young pupils from 12 to 14 years old, their school professors and researchers from ENSEIRBMATMECA engineering school were involved in this study. According to the recent French "very high energetic performance building standard", the small scale house (1/10 scale) was realised using the real building techniques and real wood materials. This first paper focuses on the building of the modelling. Insulation performances and thermal behaviour will be tested in a near future and results published later. A comparison to our first house modelling built in auto aerated concrete AAC will be also performed. Then, this small scale house will be converted in a didactical and practical tool for supporting electronic projects at ENSEIRB-MATMECA.

The aim of the cross cultural study was to clarify wether sources of pressure are academics culture-specific or wether the same ones are present in dissimilar academic cultures. We found that the sources of stress were not university specific and were also not academic culture specific. Comparing the work stressors of academic staff of Estonian universities with University of Bordeaux, statistically significant differences were found. one important difference was how an academic staff memeber feels about the students - in other words, the students are more intense source of stress for staff members in Estonian universities.

Within the concept of sustainable development, a concrete project has been carried out in an electronic engineer school. A small scale genuine materials and realistic house (1/20 scale), surroundings and powering electronic systems has been designed [1]. This present paper focuses on thermal aspects and insulation problems like in a real house. Thermal losses of the small scale house are located, quantified by comparative tests between different kind of windows and insulators, with temperature sensors and infrared thermal imaging. As these experiments are positive, we will transfer this 1/20 model kit for pedagogical purpose and practical lessons in first year study as well as demonstrator for sustainable exhibition.

Since the Kyoto Protocol and the Agenda 21 have been adopted as official international treaties that set binding environmental tasks on industrial countries, the signatory nations should adopt the main goals and directives. As a consequence, France has now to divide by 4 its greenhouse gas emission until 2050. For this purpose, L' ADEME (French Agency for Environment and Energy Management) and J.M Jancovici have developed a diagnostic tool called "Bilan Carbone®" (Carbon Assessment), that is an accounting method for greenhouse gas emissions being applied by any organization, industrial company, public administration or community. One could note that "Bilan Carbone®" , as "living" dedicated tool is aimed to training also in the world of education. The method is starting to be distributed within the academic world for sensitizing the students and for applying carbon assessment to university activities. We present in this study an original and educational application to a true building materials small scale 1/20 house design. After the model parameters definition and extraction, the carbon assessment is performed and analyzed. Finally, we suggest the transfer of these study findings towards the education field as an example of sustainable development learning in an engineering school.

This paper relates to a concrete experience of sustainable development concept introduction in an electronic engineer school. The design and realisation of a small scale genuine materials house itself (1/20 scale) and surroundings have already been exposed in a previous paper [1]. A second paper described and discussed the carbon assessment method applied to this small scale house design [2]. This new experimental paper focuses on thermal aspects, insulation efficiency, qualitative and quantitative measurements. Thermal losses of the house are located, quantified by comparative tests between different kind of windows and insulators, with temperature sensors and infrared thermal imaging. As these experiments are positive, we will transfer this 1/20 model kit for educational purpose and practical lessons in first year study as well as demonstrator for sustainable exhibition.

Since Kyoto protocol and agenda 21 main directives [1], France has now to divide by 4 its greenhouse gas emission, before 2050. For that purpose, the method " bilan carbone" ® has been developed by J.M Jancovici [2], [3] and French national agency for environment ADEME [4]. Firstly it allows the quantification of greenhouse emission of any private or public company whatever the field of activity and secondly it gives some indications to help the emission reduction. The method is starting to be distributed among the academic world for sensitizing the students and for applying carbon assessment to university activities. We present here an original and pedagogical application to a true building materials small scale 1/20 house design [5]. After model parameters definition and extraction, carbon assessment is discussed. Finally, we suggest the transfer of this study towards the education field as an example of sustainable development teaching in an engineer school.

Sustainable development is a complex concept, which concerns a wide range of social, scientific, economical and environmental issues. The necessity of Education to sustainable development is now admitted by a majority of politic personalities. However, evolution in daily life is still slow. This paper describes a personal initiative of a few teachers of Bordeaux academy: pupils from primary school, teenagers and their secondary school professors, students and researchers from ENSEIRB-MATMECA electronic engineer school, members of University of Craiova (Romania), were involved in this multi level and cross disciplinary thematic project: details are given on project goals, development and management as well as on the technical design. Future applications for ENSEIRBMATMECA electronic engineer school are finally discussed.

This paper presents an innovative multi thematic sustainable development project started at the electronic engineering school of Bordeaux. While a small scale realistic real materials "green" house was realised by the secondary school's pupils, electronic equipment and energy management system were designed at ENSEIRBMATMECA and Craiova University. The "green" house model (1/20 scale) required more than 1500 cumulated hours were necessary to be carried out. 8 young pupils and their secondary school professors, 4 students and researchers from ENSEIRB-MATMECA engineering school, members of University of Craiova participated to the project. Non academic partners such as the national French agency ADEME (Agence de l'Environnement et de la Maitrise de l'Energie), and MNE of Bordeaux (Maison de la Nature et de l'environnement) were also involved. The first paragraphs give the general context of study and specifications. Design and building are then detailed. Lastly, assessments and feed back are discussed. This model kit is now ready to use for practical lessons and for supporting 2nd year electronic projects at ENSEIRB-MATMECA.

This paper highlights the importance of energy sector, but it also reveals environmental issues that appear in the process of obtaining electricity and thermal energy. This is reason for the main indicators of environmental quality are monitored both locally and regionally.

A full academic year was required to complete the first phase of this innovative realistic small scale house design to introduce sustainable development concept in an electronic engineer school. A few ten young pupils from 12 to 14 years old and their secondary school professors, 5 students and researchers from ENSEIRB-MATMECA engineer school, members of University of Craiova Romania, were involved in this project with the help of the national French agency ADEME (Agence de l'Environnement et de la Maitrise de l'Energie), and MNE of Bordeaux (Maison de la Nature et de l'environnement). While the small scale genuine materials house was realised by the secondary school's pupils, electronic and energy management system are designed at ENSEIRB-MATMECA andCraiova University, This 1/20 house model in now operational for practical lessons (renewable energy study, energy saving, infrared thermography measurement...) and for supporting electronic projects at ENSEIRB-MATMECA.

Since Rio de Janeiro conference (1992), Kyoto protocol and agenda 21 definitions, the necessity of a harmonious development is now admitted by a majority of scientific and political personalities. Even if sustainable development is a complex concept, which concerns a wide range of social, scientific, economical and environmental issues, each of us is able to do something for humanity evolution. After a state of art in French higher education institutions, necessity of education to sustainable development is discussed. Human, technical, legal aspects are presented. Finally, we show some examples of concrete actions in sustainable development field in french universities.

This paper discusses the sources of stress in university on the strength of Institute Polytechnique de Bordeaux example. A web-based survey of occupational stressors using the checklist Academics' Occupational Stress Inventory - French version (AcadOSI-French) with 90 separable sources of pressure was conducted. In the theoretical perspective, the analysis of stressors follows Cooper and Marshall's concept of major categories of work stressors. By integrating the concept into a broader framework with the allocation of sources of stress on three levels - individual, work and organizational, and academic community level - it was possible to demonstrate the occupational stress profile of the university. Findings indicate that sources of stress in university are quite similar even in dissimilar academic cultures.

An important issue of environmental protection process is the solid waste management (SWM), that includes responsible planning of collecting, transporting, processing and disposing of hazardous and non-hazardous solid waste material. A special concern focuses on effective management of biomedical waste. This article highlights a holistic approach of biomedical waste management, with regards to the chain of environmental and health risks and concerns, aimed in achieving the fundamental premises for a systemic approach of biomedical waste management. An attempt has been made to critically review the current biomedical waste management practices followed by some Romanian hospitals. Following the rules and legislation of both Romania and European Union, the methods for segregation, packaging, labeling and the treatment techniques for reduction in volume, neutralization and final disposal of the biomedical waste are analyzed.

This paper points out in the first paragraph the general evolution of scientific curriculum and student's behaviour in French scientific engineer schools. Necessary reforms and adaptations to these changes are discussed and some unexpected consequences are described: Indeed, since a few years, theses behaviour's evolutions are a source of new kind of psychological pressures and stresses for the teachers. As illustration, new pressures' origins are then identified and analyzed. We finally suggest, as a possible answer, an approach based on Cachemire yoga practice in and/or out the work place. Benefits of yoga practice are discussed and explained. At least, we show how to export this practice in the daily life

ouvrage d'électronique à destination des élèves d'IUT, LMD, école d'ingénieurs couvrant les thèmes suivants : composants et circuits électroniques de base, signal et filtrage, systèmes bouclés, modulations analogiques et numériques, commutation de puissance, amplificateur à découpage, technique de mesures etc

Human beings are exposed to a huge variety of health risks over their entire life. This article is an attempt to prove that environmental and health risks and concerns are chained, and the fundamental premises for a systemic approach of biomedical waste management must be achieved. Since an important issue of environmental protection process is the biomedical waste management, this study focuses on responsible planning of collecting, transporting, processing and disposing of hazardous and nonhazardous biomedical waste, with a special concern on effective management of biomedical waste incorporating an appropriate waste reduction and neutralization component. An attempt has been made to critically review the current biomedical waste management practices followed by some Romanian hospitals. Following the rules and legislation of both Romania and European Union, the methods for segregation, packaging, labeling and the treatment techniques for reduction in volume, neutralization and final disposal of the biomedical waste are analyzed

This paper first point out the necessity of permanent teaching evolutions and adaptation due to student's behaviour changes. We describe some major changes. The impacts on the quality and efficiency of traditional pedagogy are then indicated. From these observations, we show that pedagogical adaptations must be done, in particular with the new fashion thematic such as signal and image processing. As an example, we present here a didactical concrete project for a first initiation to image processing and applications fields. Finally, we discuss the advantages of our approach and give results we obtained through this pedagogical process.

In this paper, we first describe the pedagogical reform process in our school. Then, we point out the major human difficulties in reforming. The complexity of the relation between the new student generation and the teachers is briefly described. And some major changes in student's behaviour are given as example. The consequences on the teaching strategy are then indicated. At least, we show that theses evolutions require adaptation, efforts and changes in the way of teaching. And we finally present here, in our field of competence, a concrete and pedagogical robot design project (with technical details) we did, as an answer to the reform necessity

10 pages; International audience; This paper relates to the design and the realization of a high power (6000 A, 650 V) magnetic generator delivering ultra short (340 µs) high intensity (2 T) pulses. More than ten years of technical collaboration between two important graduate engineering schools of Bordeaux were necessary to carry out this project. This practical realisation was supported perfectly by the power electronics, electromagnetism and microprocessor courses given at ENSCPB and ENSEIRB graduate engineering schools. In the first part, we explain the educational interests of this realisation. Then, we give a detailed description of the system, including the tests which made it possible to check the specifications. Finally we conclude on possible uses of our equipment: for instance, our apparatus was used for bio medical applications and tests on living tissues (animal, bacteria, etc).

assemblage, programmation et utilisation du robot Renguin Parallax inx